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Multiple Shades of Migration: Regional to Publish Them As a Separate Volume the Needs of Migrants ETHNOLOGICAL STUDIES 36 Miroslava Martina Eds. Reviewers: Hlinčíková Sekulová Assoc. Prof. PhDr. Alexandra Bitušíková, PhD (Department of Social Studies and Ethnology, Globe Faculty of Arts, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia) Mgr. Ing. Miloslav Bahna, PhD (Institute of Sociology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia) in Motion ❷ Authors: © Rafael Ahlskog, Martina Bolečeková, Martina Chrančoková, Zsolt Gál, Miroslava Hlinčíková, Pär Nyman, Barbora Olejárová, Mădălina Rogoz, Martina Sekulová, Michal Smrek, Gabriel Weibl, 2019 Language Proofs © Mgr. Judita Takáčová Graphic Design and Layout © Matúš Hnát All rights reserved. Short sections of the text not exceeding two paragraphs, may be quoted in the original language without explicit permission, provided that the source is acknowledged. Opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) alone. © Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 2019 Publishing house: Marenčin PT, spol. s r. o. Printed by Finidr, s. r. o., Český Těšín ISBN 978-80-970975-9-2 (hardback) ISBN 978-80-973372-0-9 (PDF) DOI 10.31577/2019.9788097337209 This Volume is an Output of the EU Interreg Danube Transnational Programme 2014–2020 project Danube Region Information Platform for Economic Integration of Migrants (DRIM, Multiple No. DTP 1-1-183-4.1), co-funded by European Funds ERDF, IPA and ENI. Shades of Migration: Regional Perspectives CONTRIBUTORS CONtenT � Rafael Ahlskog � Barbora Olejárová 6 Foreword 82 ❺ The Tacit Knowledge of Slovak Department of Government, Uppsala Ministry of Defence of the Slovak Miroslava Hlinčíková Migrants University, Uppsala, Sweden Republic, Bratislava, Martina Sekulová Martina Chrančoková Slovak Republic � Martina Bolečeková 8 Executive Summary 100 ❻ Fiscal Balance of Immigration Matej Bel University, Faculty of Political � Mădălina Rogoz in the Light of the EU's Refugee Sciences and International Relations, International Centre for Migration 14 ❶ Editorial: The Challenges of the Crisis Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic Policy Development, Vienna, Changing Reality Zsolt Gál Austria Miroslava Hlinčíková � Martina Chrančoková and Martina Sekulová 126 ❼ Risk, Uncertainty and the Role Centre of Social and Psychological � Martina Sekulová of Serendipity in International Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Institute of Ethnology and Social 24 ❷ Securitization of Migration in the Student Mobility Anthropology, Slovak Academy Slovak Republic Gabriel Weibl � Zsolt Gál of Sciences, Bratislava, Martina Bolečeková Department of Politology, Faculty of Slovak Republic and Barbora Olejárová 146 About the Authors Art, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic � Michal Smrek 46 ❸ The Fiscal Effects of EU Migration Department of Government, to Slovakia � Miroslava Hlinčíková Uppsala University, Uppsala, Rafael Ahlskog, Pär Nyman Institute of Ethnology and Social Sweden and Michal Smrek Anthropology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic � Gabriel Weibl 62 ❹ Meeting the Care Needs in Sending Institute for Forecasting, Centre of Countries as a Result of Care mobility: � Pär Nyman Social and Psychological Sciences, Examples from Romania and Slovakia Department of Government, Uppsala Slovak Academy of Sciences, Mădălina Rogoz University, Uppsala, Sweden Bratislava, Slovak Republic and Martina Sekulová 6 foreword foreword 7 Migration is an important component This book follows up on the earlier was to enhance the capacity of public professionalism during the process of contemporary societies. Along with volume Globe in Motion. Patterns of institutions for promoting migrants' of proofreading, and especially for his the growing extent of migration and its International Migration: Similarities economic integration, which was creative and smooth cooperation. diversity across the globe, the need to and Differences (Divinský & Zachar understood as fair access to employ- understand the phenomena and the Podolinská, Eds., 2018), published at ment, work and skills enhancement. Last, but not least, we would like to subsequent importance of the scientific the end of 2018. All of the papers were DRIM aimed to achieve its objectives express our special thanks to all the examination of migration increases collected at the same time, however, through improved information sharing authors for their creativity and invaluable too. The publication Globe in Motion 2. due their extent and diversity, we chose by public institutions in response to contributions, flexible communication Multiple Shades of Migration: Regional to publish them as a separate volume the needs of migrants. and professional cooperation without Perspectives reacts to the changing with a narrowed thematic focus. All which this volume would not exist. realities and presents the contemporary of the papers in the second volume We would like to thank the Institute scientific enquiry on migration from have been collected in 2018 by Boris of Ethnology and Social Anthropology � Miroslava Hlinčíková and several interdisciplinary perspectives Divinský; the editorial comments and of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Martina Sekulová, June 2019, in the field of public policy, political, reviews were prepared in spring 2019 for providing institutional support Bratislava social and psychological sciences, by Martina Sekulová and Miroslava and room for intensive international social anthropology and economy. The Hlinčíková and two external reviewers. cooperation. book focuses mainly on the Central and Eastern European region and Slovakia The publication Globe in Motion 2. We would like to thank the reviewers in particular, and offers readers the Multiple Shades of Migration: Regional of the volume, Alexandra Bitušíková academic perspectives of scientists Perspectives has been published as and Miloslav Bahna, for their valuable and experts from different disciplines the outcome of a project supported by comments and suggestions on how to and institutional backgrounds. the European Union within the Interreg improve all the papers. Our thank goes Although the overall target of the book scheme DRIM – Danube Region to Boris Divinský who collected the is narrowed regionally, the papers Information Platform for Economic contributions published in this volume provide a regional focus in a wider Integration of Migrants. The DRIM and to Tatiana Zachar Podolinská for international context in addition to project was implemented by a consor- final proofreading of this volume. the Slovak perspective. The aim of the tium of eighteen organisations from book is to enrich the discussion on the nine countries – the eight Danube Our special thank goes to Matúš Hnát complexity of migration and reinforce Compass countries as well as Bosnia for the graphic design and layout of constructive thinking about it. and Herzegovina. DRIM's objective this publication, for his patience and Executive Summary 8 10 EXecutive SummarY EXecutive SummarY 11 01 HLINČÍKOVÁ, Miroslava interactions, brings about many benefits 03 AHLSKOG, Rafael and NYMAN, 04 ROGOZ, Mădălina and SEKULOVÁ, Martina and disadvantages to all aggrieved sub- Pär and SMREK, Michal and SEKULOVÁ, Martina Editorial: The Challenges of the jects. Interestingly, the same impact of The Fiscal Effects of EU Meeting the Care Needs in Changing Reality migration can be perceived in a different Migration to Slovakia Sending Countries as a Result way depending on the point of view of of Care Mobility: Examples from Migration has become one of the most sig- the subject (person or institution) who Almost since the inception of the Romania and Slovakia nificant social processes globally and the evaluates; and we should not forget that European Union, free internal movement issues related to migration, integration or migration processes are very complex of people has been one of the corner- Unmet care needs – the tension be- accommodation of migrants in host socie- and it is not easy, sometimes even not stones of European integration. The tween demand and supply – is one ties are the focus of agendas of public in- possible, to separate one single effect of right to move, live and work freely in any of the most important challenges of stitutions, non-governmental organisations migration from all others. In the text, the Member State is a widely used right. This contemporary modern societies. The or policies. Notwithstanding, due to the authors look closely on the migration-se- type of migration has implications for main differentiating aspect of care acceleration of societal, demographic, eco- curity nexus mainly from the security public finances in the countries people work mobility compared to other types nomic, developmental and environmental studies perspective. move to. Yet, surprisingly little is known of labour mobility relates to its nature changes, migration will most likely increase about these fiscal effects. as a female-dominated area. As the continuously and so will also its diversity. With an aim to determine which types cultural framework of care attributes of migration pose (real or perceived) The authors present in their contribution main caring responsibilities to women, Introductory paper of two editors de- security risks (in general, and in calculations and discuss the fiscal effects care mobility directly affects family care scribes the main aim of the book: to offer Slovakia), the authors analyse the of EU immigrants in Slovakia. Two differ- capacities in countries of ori gin. Within the findings of contemporary
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