Penalties for Marijuana Use in Texas
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Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations and Marijuana: the Potential Effects of U.S
Elliott School of International Affairs/Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission: Capstone Report Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations and Marijuana: The Potential Effects of U.S. Legalization April 26, 2011 Chad Murray, Ashlee Jackson Amanda C. Miralrío, Nicolas Eiden Table of Contents Clarification of Terms ..................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Objectives, Methodology, and Definitions ................................................................... 2 Objectives ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Terms: Possibilities Defined ..................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Current Issues for Consideration: the Laws, the Numbers, and the Organizations ...... 5 The International Drug Control Regime ................................................................................................... 5 U.S. Marijuana Laws ................................................................................................................................ 5 California Marijuana Legislation .............................................................................................................. 6 Arguments -
HOUSE BILL No. 1547 ___Payne, Teshka, Vannatter
Introduced Version HOUSE BILL No. 1547 _____ DIGEST OF INTRODUCED BILL Citations Affected: IC 16-18-2; IC 16-31-3-14; IC 16-42-27-2; IC 16-51; IC 22-15-5-16; IC 25-1-1.1-2; IC 34-30-2; IC 35-38-2; IC 35-48; IC 35-52-16. Synopsis: Medical cannabis. Establishes a medical cannabis program, administered by the state department of health, to permit the use of medical cannabis in Indiana. Reduces the penalty for possession of marijuana, hashish, hash oil, and salvia to: (1) a Class C infraction for a first offense; (2) a Class C misdemeanor for a second or subsequent offense; and (3) a Class A misdemeanor for a second or subsequent offense if the person possesses more than a specified amount. Reduces the penalty for possession of marijuana, hashish, hash oil, or salvia packaged in a container labeled as containing low THC hemp extract to a Class C misdemeanor. Provides that a person's probation may not be revoked solely on the basis that the person tested positive for marijuana or a metabolite of marijuana. Makes conforming amendments. Effective: July 1, 2021. Payne, Teshka, VanNatter January 14, 2021, read first time and referred to Committee on Public Health. 2021 IN 1547—LS 6786/DI 106 Introduced First Regular Session of the 122nd General Assembly (2021) PRINTING CODE. Amendments: Whenever an existing statute (or a section of the Indiana Constitution) is being amended, the text of the existing provision will appear in this style type, additions will appear in this style type, and deletions will appear in this style type. -
Quarterly Cannabis Report
News April 22, 2021 Quarterly Cannabis Report The 117th Congress is shaping up to be the year for cannabis reform. As of April 2021, 47 states, four U.S. territories and the District of Columbia have legalized medical cannabis, recreational cannabis or both. Many of these efforts can be contributed to Steve Fox, a true pioneer of the legalization movement. Fox, managing partner of VS Strategies, and godfather of the industry, paved the path for nationwide legalization efforts and was instrumental in cannabis reform throughout the country for decades. He was one of the first to politically advocate on behalf of medical and recreational cannabis legalization, advance decriminalization measures and promote reform and social justice. As an educator and leader, Fox will be remembered for his wisdom, knowledge and kindness, and his voice, perspective and presence will be dearly missed. VS Strategies welcome the celebration of Fox’s life through the sharing of thoughts and memories, and asks for respect and privacy for his family, friends and co-workers who are still reeling from this loss. VS Strategies also started a GoFundMe page to support Fox’s wife and daughters as they navigate their way through this extremely difficult time— https://www.gofundme.com/f/support-the-family-of-steve-fox. FEDERAL CANNABIS PROPOSALS The SAFE Banking Act: On March 18, Rep. Ed Perlmutter (D-CO) reintroduced the Secure and Fair Enforcement (SAFE) Banking Act. H.R.1996 that creates a safe harbor for financial institutions to provide traditional banking services to cannabis and cannabis-related businesses in states that have legalized the drug and allows cannabis and cannabis- related businesses to access traditional banking services like lines of credit, loans and wealth management. -
Axe Throwing? Why Not Fast-Growing Canadian Export Finds Home in Music City
MAY 31 TO JUNE 2 615.687.6400 NashvilleSymphony.org CLASSICAL SERIES Why do other NHL fans hate Subban? Too much celebration? Too much skill? Whatever. You’ll get DAVIDSON • WILLIAMSON • RUTHERFORD • CHEATHAM WILSON SUMNER• ROBERTSON • MAURY •no DICKSON apologies • MONTGOMERY from P.K. LedgerAP PHOTO P13 Verdi’s Requiem WITH THE featuring NASHVILLE the Violins SYMPHONY of Hope & CHORUS Fast-growingAxe Canadianthrowing? export finds Why home in notMusic City May 4 – 10, 2018 The power of information.NASHVILLE Vol. 44 EDITION | Issue 18 www.TNLedger.com FORMERLY WESTVIEW SINCE 1978 Page 13 Dec.: Dec.: Keith Turner, Ratliff, Jeanan Mills Stuart, Resp.: Kimberly Dawn Wallace, Atty: Mary C Lagrone, 08/24/2010, 10P1318 In re: Jeanan Mills Stuart, Princess Angela Gates, Jeanan Mills Stuart, Princess Angela Gates,Dec.: Resp.: Kim Prince Patrick, Angelo Terry Patrick, Gates, Atty: Monica D Edwards, 08/25/2010, 10P1326 In re: Keith Turner, TN Dept Of Correction, www.westviewonline.com TN Dept Of Correction, Resp.: Johnny Moore,Dec.: Melinda Atty: Bryce L Tomlinson, Coatney, Resp.: Pltf(s): Rodney A Hall, Pltf Atty(s): n/a, 08/27/2010, 10P1336 In re: Kim Patrick, Terry Patrick, Pltf(s): Sandra Heavilon, Resp.: Jewell Tinnon, Atty: Ronald Andre Stewart, 08/24/2010,Dec.: Seton Corp 10P1322 Insurance Company, Dec.: Regions Bank, Resp.: Leigh A Collins, In re: Melinda L Tomlinson, Def(s): Jit Steel Transport Inc, National Fire Insurance Company, Elizabeth D Hale, Atty: William Warner McNeilly, 08/24/2010, Def Atty(s): J Brent Moore, 08/26/2010, 10C3316 -
The Forensic Identification of Marijuana: Suspicion, Moral Danger, and the Creation Of
Title: The Forensic Identification of Marijuana: Suspicion, Moral Danger, and the Creation of Non-Psychoactive THC Author: Aaron Roussell* Running Head: “Marijuana Identification” Abstract: Federal and state laws present marijuana as a dangerous substance requiring coercive control and forbid private citizens from possessing, selling, or growing it. Possession cases brought under these laws depend on a forensic confirmation of taxonomic identity as Cannabis sativa to establish and successfully prosecute a case. Hemp Industries Association v. DEA (2003), a recent federal appeals court ruling, is at odds with this forensic process. American citizens may legally possess and even consume a similar substance — hemp and its derivatives — which can be made into such everyday objects as clothing, rope, and food products. Yet these two plants are both Cannabis sativa and differ only in physical structure and degree of natural tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Synthetic THC is also a medically prescribed substance, which introduces further confusion into the legal standing of cannabis. Finally, *Department of Criminology, Law & Society, University of California, Irvine. Address correspondence to Aaron Roussell, Department of Criminology, Law & Society, University of California, Irvine, Social Ecology II, Irvine, CA 92697; email: [email protected]. 949-943-9860 Thanks to Professors Simon Cole, Justin Richland, Michael Clegg, and Dr. Fred Whitehurst for their direct or indirect contributions and assistance, as well as Akhila Ananth, Vivek Mittal, and Trish Goforth for their help with paper drafts and the editorial staff of the Albany Law Journal of Science and Technology for their superb efforts to improve the final version. Mistakes and weaknesses herein are entirely in spite of their efforts and remain the sole dominion of the author. -
Marijuana & Ohio Past, Present, Potential
MARIJUANA & OHIO PAST, PRESENT, POTENTIAL A research-based public policy review and discussion presented by the Marijuana Policies of Ohio Taskforce Joe Deters, Chair June 2015 Table of Contents Chair’s Letter . 2 Executive Summary . 3 Impact on Ohio’s Economy . 35 Impact on Public Safety . 53 Consequences of Marijuana Possession Offenses . 69 Impact on Individual and Public Health . 81 Appendix A: Bibliography . 147 Appendix B: The Economic Model Used . 166 Appendix C: Taskforce Members . 179 MARIJUANA POLICIES OF OHIO TASKFORCE 1 My Fellow Ohioans, Our nation’s laws, perceptions and opinions about marijuana are evolving rapidly . After spending much of the 20th Century imposing ever-stricter prohibitions on marijuana, America has recently taken a second look at the impacts of marijuana use, its potential as a medicine, and the tangible tradeoffs and costs that criminalizing its possession has had on our communities . This reevaluation has pushed the national conversation about marijuana, broadly, in one direction: toward a less restrictive, less criminalized stance . This conversation is taking place in every state, and true to the genius of our Constitution, different states are trying to find approaches to marijuana law that most appropriately reflect the opinions, beliefs, and needs of their citizens . The question of changing Ohio’s approach to marijuana policy may soon be put before voters – most likely on the November 2015 ballot . The rapid pace of change in marijuana policy across the country, however, has made it difficult to keep up with the experiences, research, and practices occurring in different states . Political arguments from all sides of this debate have made it even more challenging to separate fact from opinion . -
Capturing Cannabis Decriminalizing Possession in Tennessee “Pursuant to a Valid Prescription”
LINCOLN MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW __________________________________ VOLUME 7 SPRING 2020 ISSUE 1 _____________________________________ CAPTURING CANNABIS DECRIMINALIZING POSSESSION IN TENNESSEE “PURSUANT TO A VALID PRESCRIPTION” Brennan E. Parrish1 I. I NTRODUCTION Before diving into an abyss of drug history, certain key points and terms of art must be clarified. First, cannabis, marijuana, and marihuana (“cannabis” unless historical context uses otherwise) are the same substance, occurring in natural form as Cannabis Sativa L. 2 Second, cannabis is a Schedule VI controlled substance––not a narcotic drug.3 While all narcotics are controlled substances, 4 not all controlled substances are narcotics, and it is incorrect (under Tennessee law) to categorize naturally grown cannabis (in plant form) as 1 Brennan E. Parrish is an associate with his father, J. Gilbert Parrish Jr., Attorney at Law, in Savannah, Tennessee. He would like to thank his wife, Ann Elizabeth Parrish, for listening to countless cannabis discussions and Professors M. Akram Faizer, Melanie M. Reid, Ann W. Long, Brennan Wingerter, and William Gill for their excellent guidance and assistance while studying medical cannabis regulations at Lincoln Memorial University School of Law. 2 Compare TENN. CODE ANN. § 39-17-402(16)(A) (2019) (“‘Marijuana’ means all parts of the plant cannabis”); with The Tennessee Drug Control Act of 1971, §2(n) (defining “marihuana” as “all parts of the plant CANNABIS SATIVA L”); and 21 U.S.C.A. §802 (Westlaw 2019) (“‘marihuana’ means all parts of the plant Cannabis sativa L.”). 3 TENN. CODE ANN. § 39-17-402(4) (2019) (providing, “’Controlled substance’ means a drug, substance, or immediate precursor in Schedules I through VII of §§ 39-17-403 –– 39-17-416”). -
Heavy Metals Found in 90 Percent of Tested Rolling Papers Brain Injury
OCTOBER, 2020 Issue n. 25 Brain Injury Heavy Metals Patients Who Hemp Extract Found in 90 Consume Protects Bees Percent of Cannabis Spend From Pesticide Tested Rolling Less Time in Poisoning Papers Intensive Care Analytical Cannabis Digest CONTENTS 6 | Wildfires Threaten the 20 | Brain Injury Patients Who Heartland of America’s Cannabis Consumed Cannabis Spent Less Industry Time in Intensive Care, Study Finds 8 | Heavy Metals Found in 90 Percent of Tested Rolling Papers, 22 | Moderate Cannabis Use Californian Study Finds May Still Affect Verbal Memory, Sibling Study Finds 10 | Hemp and CBD Businesses Are Concerned About the DEA’s 24 | THC Can Help Prevent New THC Rule Colon Cancer in Mice, Study Finds 12 | Hemp or Cannabis? Texas Forensic Lab Adopts New 26 | Hemp Extract Protects Bees Method to Tell the Difference From Pesticide Poisoning, Study Finds 14 | Caffeine, Melatonin and Other Contaminants Found in US 28 | This New Study Will Test CBD Products the Effects of CBD on Spinal Pain 17 | Cannabis Research Has 29 | Noncompliance in the Attracted $1.56 Billion in Funding Cannabis Industry: The Dangers Since 2000 of Operating Blindly 2 | analyticalcannabis.com October 2020 FOREWORD Along with the rest of the world, the cannabis industry has been rocked by the wrath of 2020. The coronavirus pandemic led hundreds of marijuana businesses to enact new social distancing measures, new delivery options, and, for too many, new redundancy packages. But for all the hardship Covid-19 brought to the world of cannabis, there were signs of silver linings. Colorado, Oregon, Illinois and other states, for example, saw record recreational cannabis sales, even during the height of their pandemic restrictions. -
Aim Master Bill Track Hb1001 Biennial Budget (Huston T
AIM MASTER BILL TRACK Prepared by: Rhonda Cook Report created on January 25, 2019 HB1001 BIENNIAL BUDGET (HUSTON T) Appropriates money for capital expenditures, the operation of the state, K-12 and higher education, the delivery of Medicaid and other services, and various other distributions and purposes. Provides for bonding authority for capital projects for higher education institutions. Renames the build Indiana fund the lottery surplus fund. Eliminates all the build Indiana fund accounts. Repeals the Indiana technology fund. Makes corresponding changes. Makes a technical correction. Eliminates the office of state based initiatives. Makes the budget agency responsible for coordinating federal assistance to state agencies. Prohibits certain state agency action regarding federal assistance. Requires the budget agency to: (1) prepare an annual report summarizing the federal assistance received by state agencies during the preceding federal fiscal year; (2) publish a comprehensive federal assistance review plan; and (3) perform a review of the current impact and projected future impact of federal mandates and regulations on Indiana. Makes the budget agency the state's single point of contact to review and coordinate proposed federal financial assistance and direct federal development. Permits the trust fund for self- insurance for employees, including retired employees, for the state police department, conservation officers of the department of natural resources, and the state excise police to invest in the same investments as the state police pension plan instead of the public employees' retirement fund (the trust fund could not invest in equity securities). Permits the retiree health benefit trust fund to invest in the same investments as the public employees' retirement fund instead of in the same manner as public deposits may be invested. -
Emerging Issues with Marijuana Legalization
Emerging Issues With Marijuana Legalization Faye Caldwell Email: [email protected] Disclaimer: no Legal advice or attorney-client relationship This presentation has been prepared by Caldwell Everson, PLLC for informational purposes only. The information presented does not constitute legal advice and is not to be acted on as such. This information is not intended to create, and receipt of it does not establish an attorney-client relationship. By participating in this presentation you are not and do not become a client of Caldwell Everson PLLC. Any information contained herein is not intended as a substitute for legal counsel. You should not rely upon any information contained in this presentation without seeking legal advice from an attorney of your choice and who practices law in your state. © Caldwell Everson PLLC 2 As of November 29, 2018: 33 states + D.C. + 2 U.S. territories (Guam, PR) have passed Comprehensive “Medical marijuana” Laws Laws vary widely 13 other states have passed low THC/High CBD laws All passed since 2014 in mostly southern states after CNN documentary Some states with comprehensive medical marijuana laws also have CBD laws 10 states + D.C. + 1 U.S. territory (CNMI) have passed recreational marijuana laws All except US territory also had comprehensive medical marijuana laws 4 states prohibit marijuana for all purposes © Caldwell Everson PLLC (Idaho, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota) 3 State Medical Marijuana Laws 33 states + D.C. Alaska (1998) Maine (1999) New York (2014) Arizona (2010) Maryland (2014) North Dakota (2016) Arkansas (2016) Massachusetts (2012) Ohio (2016) California (1996) Michigan (2008) Oklahoma (2018) Colorado (2000) Minnesota (2014) Oregon (1998) Connecticut (2012) Missouri (2018) Pennsylvania (2016) Delaware (2011) Montana (2004) Rhode Island (2006) Florida (2016) Nevada (2000) Utah (2018) Hawaii (2000) New Hampshire (2013) Vermont (2004) Illinois (2013) New Jersey (2010) Washington (1998) Louisiana (2015) New Mexico (2007) West Virginia (2017) Washington, D.C. -
The “Green Gold Rush”
ACKRELL CAPITAL U.S. CANNABIS INVESTMENT REPORT 2016 The “Green Gold Rush” Contents n Foreword I Executive Summary II Legislative Landscape; Legal Issues for Investor Consideration III Cannabis 101 IV U.S. Cannabis Market Estimates Overview V Industry Segmentation VI Capital Markets for Cannabis Companies • Cannabis is federally illegal in the United States. However, as of VII Top 100 Private Cannabis Companies 2016 the date of this report, 39 states have legalized cannabis in some form for recreational or medicinal use. VIII Industry Risk Factors • The current consumer market for recreational and medicinal IX Glossary of Terms cannabis in the United States is estimated to be more than n Disclosures, Disclaimers, Sources and Use of This Report $40 billion, including both legal and illegal consumption. n Ackrell Capital Team Leaders • We believe that it is a question of when—not if—the federal prohibition on cannabis will end. In analyzing how the end of n Inside Back Cover: The Green Field 2016 prohibition may affect the cannabis industry, we have assumed that prohibition ends by 2020. However, even with federal pro- hibition, the cannabis industry today is large and dynamic. About Ackrell Capital • We estimate that the U.S. cannabis consumer market for legal- ized recreational and medicinal use was $4.4 billion in 2015 Founded in 2003, Ackrell Capital is a leading independent invest- and will grow to $9.5 billion in 2019. Once legalized federally, ment bank focused on emerging growth companies. Ackrell Capi- we estimate this market will grow to $37 billion within 5 years tal’s principals have completed more than 300 corporate finance and $50 billion within 10 years. -
Green Rush: Cannabis Market Will Grow by 9 Times by 2030 Amid
? June 2019 Green Rush: Cannabis Market Will Grow by 9 Times by 2030 Amid Widening Legalization Contents Cannabis stocks have delivered impressive investor returns in 2019, with many of the publicly traded 2 Key Takeaways companies soundly outperforming the broader market. Optimism has preceded actual performance as 4 Cannabis Playbook: We See Multiple Ways to Play Trends the industry has yet to generate positive free cash flow. However, unlike other emergent industries that 12 The U.S. Will Be the Largest and Fastest- have enjoyed fleeting popularity with fickle investors, the cannabis industry should realize a steep Growing Cannabis Market in the World 38 National Legalization Has Unlocked demand growth trajectory that could appeal to investors with a long-term investment horizon. The five Massive Growth for Canada industry leaders we now cover are far from burning out, with some offering attractive upside potential 50 Global Medical Cannabis Market Will as early overhead investments are harvested over time. See Huge Demand Growth but Increasing Competition 60 Cannabis Primer: How It Grows and Is Prohibition has kept cannabis largely in the hands of criminal enterprises. However, legalization is Consumed Has Implications for the gaining momentum. In the United States, 11 states and Washington, D.C., have legalized recreational Industry's Future 72 Appendix: Company Models cannabis, and 35 states have legalized medical cannabis or products that are low in tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, and high in cannabidiol, or CBD. We expect federal legalization to take place in the U.S. by 2023. Canada legalized recreational cannabis in October 2018. Internationally, more Important Disclosure The conduct of Morningstar's analysts is governed and more countries have recognized the benefits of medical cannabis and are expanding access.