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Richesses Et Misères Des Océans Richesses et misères des océans : Conservation, Ressources et Frontières Patrick Chaumette, Gaëtan Balan, Serge Beslier, Carole Billet, Chahira Boutayeb, Georgios Chrysochou, Dimitrios Dalaklis, Danilo Vicente Garcia Caceres, Peter Langlais, Vytautas Lukas, et al. To cite this version: Patrick Chaumette, Gaëtan Balan, Serge Beslier, Carole Billet, Chahira Boutayeb, et al.. Richesses et misères des océans : Conservation, Ressources et Frontières. Programme ERC Human Sea. GOMILEX, pp.1-428, 2018, Patrick Chaumette, 978-84-17279-02-8. hal-01984841 HAL Id: hal-01984841 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01984841 Submitted on 17 Jan 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. I Inicio libro 4.pmd 1 04/06/2018, 20:19 II Inicio libro 4.pmd 2 04/06/2018, 20:19 Patrick Chaumette (Coordinator) Wealth and miseries of the oceans: Conservation, Resources and Borders Richesses et misères des océans : Conservation, Ressources et Frontières Université de Nantes Gomylex III Inicio libro 4.pmd 3 04/06/2018, 20:19 IV Inicio libro 4.pmd 4 04/06/2018, 20:19 WEALTH AND MISERIES OF THE OCEANS: CONSERVATION, RESOURCES AND BORDERS RICHESSES ET MISÈRES DES OCÉANS : CONSERVATION, RESSOURCES ET FRONTIÈRES 2018 V Inicio libro 4.pmd 5 04/06/2018, 20:19 The work leading to this invention has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007/ 2013) / ERC Grant agreement No. 340770 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or phtocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permision of the University of Nantes. First edition: June 2018 Copyright University of Nantes - CDMO Property of the University of Nantes (CDMO) Book cover by: MEDIAPILOTE, Ludovic DUFOUR, Creative Director Depósito legal nº: BI-1056/2018 ISBN: 978-84-17279-02-8 Gomylex s.l. Ledesma n. 22. - 48001 - Bilbao (Spain) Tel: +34 944.240.671 Fax: +34 944.245.897 e-mail: [email protected] web: http://www.gomylex.com Printed by Printhaus (Spain) VI Inicio libro 4.pmd 6 04/06/2018, 20:19 Coordinator Patrick Chaumette Authors Gaëtan Balan Serge Beslier Carole Billet Chahira Boutayeb Patrick Chaumette Georgios Chrysochou Dimitrios Dalaklis Danilo García-Cáceres Peter Langlais Vytautas Lukas Ysaac Chavely Mbile Nguema Federica Musso Loïc Peyen Racha Sallemi Béatrice Schütte Kristoffer Svendsen Florian Thomas Raphael Vianna Pierre Volondat VII Inicio libro 4.pmd 7 04/06/2018, 20:19 VIII Inicio libro 4.pmd 8 04/06/2018, 20:19 TABLE OF CONTENTS Generalities, Patrick Chaumette, Professor, Center of Maritime and Oceanic Law (CDMO), Principal Investigator of European Programme ERC No. 370440, Human Sea, University of Nantes, France 13 Protection of the marine environment CHAPTER 1 - Sanctuariser pour préserver : les aires marines protégées en Tunisie face à une gouvernance environnementale fragmentée, Racha Sallemi, Géographe, Chercheuse associée à l’UMR 208 PALOC – Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (IRD/ MNHN), Paris, Maître-assistante à l’Université de la Manouba, Tunisie 57 CHAPTER 2 - Le cadre juridique international de la protection et de la conservation de l’environnement marin, Danilo García-Cáceres, Docteur en sciences juridiques, Université Paris 1 Panthéon- Sorbonne, France, Enseignant-chercheur, Université Centrale de l’Équateur, Chercheur postdoctoral du Programme Human Sea, Université de Nantes, France 77 CHAPTER 3 - L’efficacité de la « politique » maritime africaine dans le contexte de l’économie bleue, Ysaac Chavely Mbile Nguema, Doctorant en Relations Internationales, IRIC, Université de Yaoundé II, Cameroun 97 CHAPTER 4 - L’exploitation des ressources génétiques marines au- delà des juridictions : vers un nouvel horizon ?, Loïc Peyen, Docteur en droit, Université de La Réunion, France 117 Gaz and petrol offshore CHAPTER 5 - Offshore Energy Exploration Activities and the Exclusive Economic Zone Regime: A Case Study of the Eastern Mediterranean Basin, Dr. Georgios Chrysochou, Senior Lecturer, Maritime Sciences, Hellenic Naval Academy - International Law Section Head at the Hellenic Ministry of Defense (Hellenic Navy General Staff) & Dr Dimitrios Dalaklis, Associate Professor, Maritime Safety and Security, World Maritime University, Sweden 137 IX Inicio libro 4.pmd 9 04/06/2018, 20:19 CHAPTER 6 - Le défi européen de sécurisation des activités pétrolières et gazières offshore, Pierre Volondat, Master 2 Droit et Sécurité des Activités Maritimes et Océaniques, Université de Nantes, France 175 CHAPTER 7 - Le devoir de vigilance dans le réseau d’entreprises offshore, Florian Thomas, Docteur en Droit, Centre de droit maritime et océanique (CDMO), Université de Nantes, France 203 CHAPTER 8 - Offshore Oil Spill and Punitive Damages in Brazil, Raphael Vianna, Lawyer in Brazil, PhD in Law at the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. Post PhD Human Sea Programme, University of Nantes, France 233 CHAPTER 9 - Civil Liability for Exploration and Exploitation of Offshore Oil and Gas in the Arctic: the situation in the Barents Sea, Kristoffer Svendsen, PhD of the Arctic University of Norway, Associate Member at the Aberdeen University Centre for Energy Law, Scotland, UK. Guest researcher of the Human Sea programme, University of Nantes, France 247 CHAPTER 10 - Exploration and Exploitation of Offshore Oil and Gas – What Future for Civil Liability in the EU?, Béatrice Schütte, PhD degree in Law, Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences, Denmark. Guest researcher of the Human Sea programme, University of Nantes, France 269 The European dimension of maritime safety and security – Legal and operational aspects of the action at sea. Interactions between International law and European law CHAPTER 11 - La gouvernance des océans et la contribution de l’Union européenne à la structuration de l’ordre juridique international, Serge Beslier, Administrateur en chef des Affaires maritimes (R). Ancien fonctionnaire de la Commission européenne 299 X Inicio libro 4.pmd 10 04/06/2018, 20:19 CHAPTER 12 - L’action en mer de l’Union européenne et la protection des droits de l’Homme, Danilo García-Cáceres, Docteur en sciences juridiques, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France, Enseignant-chercheur, Université Centrale de l’Équateur, Chercheur postdoctoral du Programme Human Sea, Université de Nantes, France 311 CHAPTER 13 - L’engagement militaire de l’Union européenne dans la lutte contre le trafic de migrants en mer et le rôle du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies, Federica Musso, Docteur en Droit international et de l’Union européenne, Université de Macerata, Italie. Chercheuse invitée du programme Human Sea, Université de Nantes, France 325 What challenges for a new European maritime governance? CHAPTER 14 - L’irrésistible construction d’un espace de sécurité maritime, Chahira Boutayeb, Maître de conférences, HDR, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France 343 CHAPTER 15 - L’Agence européenne pour la sécurité maritime - Entre diversification des missions et renforcement des moyens : les limites de l’intégration maritime européenne, Peter Langlais, Docteur en droit, Université Paris 2, Panthéon-Assas. Chercheur invité du programme Human Sea, Université de Nantes, France 353 CHAPTER 16 - Frontex role in the development of European cooperation on Coast Guard Functions, Vytautas Lukas, Head of Coast Guard Sector a.i., European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex), Warsaw, Poland 381 CHAPTER 17 - La fonction garde-côtes au sein de l’Union européenne : une mise en œuvre inter-agences, Gaëtan Balan, Doctorant en droit du programme Human Sea, CDMO, Université de Nantes, France 393 CHAPTER 18 - Quelles(s) responsabilité(s) pour l’agence Frontex, Carole Billet, Maître de conférences, membre de l’UMR CNRS 6297 Droit et Changement Social (DCS), Université de Nantes, France 407 XI Inicio libro 4.pmd 11 04/06/2018, 20:19 XII Inicio libro 4.pmd 12 04/06/2018, 20:19 Overview Overview Professor Patrick CHAUMETTE Former director of the Maritime and Oceanic Law Centre University of Nantes Principal Investigator ERC 2013 Advanced Grant No. 340770 Human Sea – FP7 http://www.humansea.univ-nantes.fr The European program Human Sea was selected by the European Research Council in August 2013. It is an Advanced Grant 2013 No. 340770 within the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Development (or FP7). This research programme is planned over five years from 2014 till 2019. "Making the sea more human" The project deems that one of the roles of the law is to civilise the use of techniques. Technological developments have allowed and will allow the extension of human activities at sea. To what extent does economic activity development at sea lead to the transformation of Maritime and Oceanic Law of the Sea? The research programme held two conferences in the framework of the Scientific Days of the University of Nantes, one on June 5 and 6, 2014 called "Piracy: From the Sea to Cyberspace"1. It addressed piracy and linked
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