Special Libraries, March 1967

San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks

Special Libraries, 1967 Special Libraries, 1960s

3-1-1967

Special Libraries Association

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Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, March 1967" (1967). Special Libraries, 1967. 3. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1967/3

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Automated Serials Control

Control of Classified Doculnents

Budgeting for the Compmy Library

Problems in Translation Does a tailor-made SDI system have to be expensive?

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POSTMASTER: Send Farm 399 to Special Libraries Association, 31 East 10 St.. Flew York. B. Y. 1W03 @ The Faraday Press announces 30 major Soviet Scientific Journals now available for the fitst time AUTHORITATIVE COVER-TO-COVER ENGLISH TRANSLATION

Cybernetics Mechanics of Solids Ktbeineflka Mekhanrka Tverdogo Tela B~rnonthiy,$1 15/year B~rnonthly.$160iyear Problems of Information Transmission Soviet Materials Science Problerny Peredachi lnlorrnafsii F,nko-Khrrn~cheskayaMekhanska Male, alov Quarterly $100/year B~rnonthly $1 15 year Soviet Electrical Engineering Fluid Dynamics Elekfrorekhr ka Izv AN SSSR Mekhan~kaZhld i Gasov Monthly $1601yeal Bfrnonthly. $160 year Magnetohydrodynamics Soviet Aeronautics Magngfnaya Gidrodinamrka lzvesliya VUZ Ai~afsionnayaTekhnika Quarterly. $90/year Quarterly, $125 year Applied Solar Energy Geiiofekhnika Journal of Applied Spectroscopy B8monthly. $1 lO/year Zhurnal Prrkladno~Spekrroskopi! Monthly. $150 year Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry Teoref,cheskaya r Eksperirnenfai naya Khimiya Mendeleev Chemistry Journal B~rnonthly$120 year Zhurnal Vses Khm Ob-va !m Mendeleeva B~rnonthly.$160/year Polymer Mechanics Mekhantka Poirrnerov Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves B~monthly.$120 'year Ftzrka Gorenrya I Vzryva Soviet Applied Mechanics Quarterly. $lOO/year Prikladnaya Mekhanrka Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Monthly. $160) year Khrmtya Geterols~klichesk~khSoedinenu Soviet Physics Journal B~monthly,$120, year lzvesfrya VUZ Fmka Blmonthy $125 year Chemistry of Natural Compounds Khirntya Prirodnykh Soedmenr! Astrophysics B~rnonthly $1 10 e ear Astrofrrika Quarterly $90 year Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Prlkladnaya Biokh~miyaI Mikrob,olog!ya Journal of Applied Mechanics B~rnonthly.$l20/year and Technical Physics Zhurnal Prikladno~Mekhanik~ i Tekhnichesko! Flzlki Moscow University Physics Bulletin B~rnonthly$150/year Vesrnrk Moskovskogo Unrverslteta Fwka Automatic Documentation and Blrnonthly. $1 10, year Mathematical Linguistics Journal of Engineering Physics Selected malor artdes from Inzhenerno-Flz~cheskrrZhurnal Nauchno-Tekhnrcheskaya lnlormatsrya Monthly, $150/year Quarterly, 1145iyear Soviet Progress in Chemistry Soviet Radiophysics lzvesl!ya VUZ. Radiofmka Ukrainskir Khlrntcheskii Zhurnal B~rnonlhly.$l25/year Monthly. $l5O/year Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin Soviet Radio Engineering Vestnrk Moskovskogo Un~verslletaKhrrnrya Izvest,ya VUZ Rad~ofekhnrka B~monthly.$11 0 OOIyear B~monthly.$1 15/year Differential Equations Soviet Genetics Dtfferents~al'nyeUravnen~ya Genetrka Monthly. $150/year Monthly. $150/year

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THE FARADAY PRESS, INC. 84 FIFTH AVENUE. NEW YORK N.V. 70077 A NEW JOURNAL British Journal of Medical Education The Journal of the Association for the Study of Medical Education

The aim of the British Journal of Medical Education will be to act as a medium for in- terchange of information on medical education-Undergraduate, Postgraduate, and Continuing-in the United Kingdom and Overseas. It hopes to encourage the objective study of medical education both in the United Kingdom and throughout the world. The journal will give preference to the reporting of fact rather than opinion nefirst issue was published in December, 1966. Subsequent issues will appear quarterly in March, June and September. Annual Subscription, U.S.A. $10.00 The first issue of this journal was published in December 1966

ORDER YOUR SUBSCRIPTION NOW

All subscriptions to the United States can be ordered from the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 80 Brighton Avenue, Boston, Mass. 02134. Subscriptions for all other countries should be ordered from the Subscription Manager, BRITISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION, B.M.A. House, Tavistock Square, London, W.C.I.. England, or through any leading subscription agent or bookseller.

A NEW JOURNAL Cardiovascular Research Published in association with the British Cardiac Society

Cardiovascular Research L mainly for the publication of basic research. The rauge of subjects covered by the journal includes physiological, pathological, pharmacologi- cal. biochemical, biophysical, haemodynamic, surgical, and similar advances in the study of the heart and circulation. The first issue was published in January, 1967. Sub- sequent issues will appear quarterly in April, July and October. Annual Subscription, U.S.A. $10.00 The first issue of this journal was published in January 1967 ORDER YOUR SUBSCRIPTION NOW

All subscriptions to the United States can be ordered from the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 80 Brighton Avenue, Boston, Mass, 02134. Subscriptions for all other countries should be ordered from the Subscnptlon Manager, CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, B.M.A. House, Tavistock Square, London, W.C.I., England, or through any leading subscription agent or bookseller. s~eeiallibraries

A System for Machine-Assisted Serials Control 149 W. A. Wilkinson The AEC Library Serial Record: A Study in Library Mechanization 154 Abraham I. Lebowitz An Advanced Classified Document Control System 160 Sy Berlin ~udgetingfor a Company Library 166 Gordon E. Randall Problems in Translation 173 Dorcas Bush

Special Libraries Association A Guide to New York Guidebooks 179 John N. Berry I11 A New Era for Librarian-Publisher Relations ? 186

Features

Government and Libraries 185 Olive Gouthreau This Works for Us: The Perfect Employee 187 Margaret B. Thornton Letters to the Editor 188 Have You Heard 189 Off the Press 192

Editor: GUYR. BELL Assistant Editor: MARGUERITEVON GEYR Special Libraries Committee Chairman: HOWARDB. BENTLEY, Time Inc. IRVINGM. KLEMPNER,United Nudear Corporation ELLISMOUNT. Columbia University

Papers published in SPECIAL LIBRARIES express the views of the authors and do not rewesent the opinion or the policy of the editorial staff or the publisher. Manuscripts submitted for publication must be typed double space on only one side of paper and mailed to the editor. 8 Reprints may be ordered immediately before or after publication. 8 Subscriptions: U. S. $12.50; foreign, $14; single copies, $2. 0 Annual author-title-subject index published with December rssue. @ 1967 by Special L~brarlesAssoflation.

INDEXED in Business Periodicals Index, Documentation Abstracts, Historical Abstracts, Hospital Literature In- dex, Library Literature, Library Science Abstracts, Management Index and Public Affairs Information Service. SPECIALLIBRARIES ASSOCIATION President DR. F. E. MCKENNA Information Center, Central Research Laboratories Air Reduction Company, Inc., Murray Will, New Jersey 07971 President-Elect MRS.ELIZABETH R. USHER Art Reference Library, Metropolitan Museum of Art Fifth Avenue and 82nd Street, New York 10028 Advisory Council Chairman MRS.HELEN F. REDMAN LOS Alamos Scientific Laboratory P. 0. Box 1663, Los Alarnos, New Mexico 87544 Advisory Council Chairman-Elect CHARLESH. STEVENS Project Intrex, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Mass. 02139 Treasurer JEANE. FLEGAL Business Library, Union Carbide Corporation 270 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10017 Past-President ALLEENTHOMPSON Atomic Power Equipment Department General Electric Company 175 Curtner Avenue, San Jose, California 95125 Directors MRS.THEODORA A. ANDREWS Pharmacy Library, Purdue University Secretary Lafayette, Indiana 47907 WILLIAMK. BEATTY Northwestern University Medical Library 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611 CHARLOTTEGEORGI Graduate School of Business Administration Library University of California, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024 PHOEBEF. HAYES Bibliographical Center for Research Denver Public Library, Denver, Colorado 80203 RUTHNIELANDER Kemper Insurance 4750 North Sheridan Road, Chicago, Illinois 60640 GORDONE. RANDALL Thomas J. Watson Research Center Library, IBM Yorktown Heights, New York 10598 Executive Director BILLM. WOODS Special Libraries Association 31 East 10th Street, New York, New York 10003 Membership Dues: Sustaining: $100; Active: $20; Active Paid for Life: $250; Associate: $20; Affiliate: $15; Student: $2; Emeritus: $5. For qualifications, privileges, and further information, write Special Libraries Association. SLA Translations Center John Crerar Library, 35 West 33rd Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616 Annual Convention The 58th Annual Convention will be held at the Hotel Commodore, New York City, May 28-June 1, 1967. 140 SPECIALLIBRARIES SCIENTIFIC & )) TECHNICAL TRANSLA TIONS

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YEARBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 1966- 1 967 1,008 pages 11 th Edition in English 2,134 International Organizations

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This most referred-to guide, now SERVING revised, provides answers to the THE NATION'S LIBRARIES multiple problems confronting management, research, technical, ad- Heckman's ministrative, and library personnel. Custom Library Binding The body of the work remains the same, but all the "Suggested Read- Library Books Text Books Reference Books Hand Bibles ings" at the end of each section now Periodicals Family and represent upto-date citations to Dictionaries Pulpit Bibles books and articles published since Newspapers Restoration and mid-1960 when the first edition of Hymnals Repair of the Checklist appeared. Addresses Paperbacks Rare Volumes and pertinent data on cited journals are given in an Appendix. Regular 28 Day Service.. . Free Pickup and Delivery Part I helps management deter- in 25 States mine how existing staff, services, and materials can be brought to- THE HECKMAN BINDERY, INC. gether into an information center; NORTH MANCHESTER, INDIANA 46962 Part I1 deals with specific library operations; and Part I11 recom- mends a minimum plan with five areas of responsibility plus a development outline for later expan- sion.

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Records for the control of 2,800 periodicals and standing orders are maintained on punched cards. For each title, cards of several types are prepared, such as title card(s), holdings card(s), subject headings card(s), etc. By request, any of several simple computer programs can be used to print listings from the cards. A systems study, the design of the new system, and its implementation are described. Samples of input formats, two of the outputs (renewal list and check-in cards), and a description of the eleven available outputs are included. The system was designed to be operated on unit record equipment or a computer, at a machine cost of less than $500 a year. A Svstem for Machine-Assisted Serials Control W. A. WILKINSON

N SETTING up a new Central Library in or standing order was placed, thus permit- 0 1961 Monsanto was faced with all the ting us to set up all the necessary records in usual problems that serials present: orders anticipation of the item's arrival. An initial and renewals, receipts and claims, holdings alphabetical listing was made and cumulative records, binding schedules, budgets, and so supplements printed as supplementary cards on. Most of these activities had been coped were accumulated. These lists served as ref- with previously in Monsanto libraries through erence sources for selection, ordering, re- conventional (manual) methods. However, ceiving, and binding. Also, we were able to the merging of several small libraries into a sort the cards via the codes and print out lists single Central Library with branches pre- in expiration date order, by vendors, by sented us with a much larger group of serials. branches, by account numbers, and so on, as Methods which had enabled us to get by needed. were not good enough to handle the in- These methods served us very well, in fact creased volume and complexity that faced us. it was hard to imagine how we ever got As a first step, a set of punched cards was along without them. It took a great deal of created, one card per subscription or standing effort to collect, code, and keypunch the recorder. Each card carried an abbreviated title ords and we gradually got used to the dis- and coded information such as vendor, cost, cipline that machineable records require. expiration or reorder date. A coded work Gradually we saw other applications for sheet was filled in before a new subscription punched cards and, where they could not be added to the basic deck of cards, we began Mr. Wilkinson is Man- auxiliary decks. Our main limitation was the ager of the Information single card format that we had accepted for Center, Monsanto Com- our initial system. Although we allowed pany, St. Loais, Mi~~oari. space for additional codes, it was not long His paper was originally before none remained. presented at the Fozrrth Eventually, several factors forced the con- Symposium on Machine sideration of a new (improved) system: Methods in Libraries, Washington University School of Medicine, 1. New features were required that were too St. Lozris, November 3-5, 1966. complex for the system to handle. 2. No more space remained for new codes. who had any contact with serials. 2) This 3. We were maintaining several decks of information was charted to show the inter- cards with some overlapping information. relationship of methods, forms, and the flow This was inefficient and also led to errors. of serials through the library. 3) The chart was analyzed, some activities were eliminated, By this time we had collected information some were combined or rearranged. 4) A about several computer-based serials systems, new chart was drawn. Just the systematic re- including PHILSOM at Washington Univer- view of all activities enabled us to make sit). School of Medicine Library.* Taking many improvements even before mechaniza- into consideration our own special needs, tion was considered. costs of programming, the kind of data- An important feature of the study was an processing equipment available, and the ex- attempt to estimate work loads at each sta- perience of Washington University and tion, and to predict levels of activity in the others, we sought a course of action. proposed (new) system. Although such pre- dictions are not easy, reasonable estimates Systems Study can be made without too much effort. As it All aspects of our serials activities were turned out, the decision that we made regard- reviewed in a three-phase study: 1) Methods ing the level of sophistication of our new and procedures were recorded by each person system was based largely on our estimates of anticipated receipts of serials: about 18,000 * PIZER,Irwin H., FRANZ,Donald R., and BROD- items per year, a level not at all beyond the MAN, Estelle. Mechanization of Library Proce- capabilities of manual check-in records. dures in the Medium-sized Medical Library: 1. The Serial Record. Bulletin of the Medical Li- Two basic conclusions were reached fol- brary Association 51 (3), p. 313-38 (July 1963). lowing the systems study: I) Significant im-

Figure 1 325-57 09-16-66 RENEYIL LIST PACE 53

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-512561 75 760.66 011800 CHENICAL MEEK 5 3 12 Figure 2 provements could be made by combining all on printer spacing charts to show the exact of our serials records into a single punched content and location of headings, page num- card file, which would be the source of sev- bers, and listings. eral outputs. 2) Our level of activity and the Having decided upon the outputs re- required outputs did not require elaborate quired, our next step was to determine the computer programs; in fact, all processing input, machine, and programming necessary could be done on unit record equipment. to produce them. It was found that all re- Additional factors which discouraged us quirements could be met either via unit rec- from adopting a highly automated system ord equipment or a small scale (4K 1401) (such as the Washington University Medical computer with card input. Since a planned Library system) were the considerable cost withdrawal of unit record equipment was of programming vs. the modest projected about to begin (in favor of small computers) dollar savings, the number of cases that it seemed wise to program for the latter. The would have to be handled as exceptions, and first couple of programs were written via the dependence upon and cost of frequent IBM's FARGO report generator which is computer runs that would be required for very simple, but accepts card input only. At up-to-date records. this point a tape oriented 8K 1401 became available to us so programming was switched System Design to the more advanced RPG programming Specifications were drawn up for the sev- system. eral outputs that would be required for the For our input records, six types of cards satisfactory control and use of our serials. are used and information is extracted from These included the frequency and number of them selectively to produce listings or other copies of the listings that were to be made. outputs as required (see figure 1). For in- Outputs which are provided are shown in stance, the renewal list includes information figure 4. Detailed format layouts were made selected from the "title" and "data" cards, MARCH1967 '(LC NO Dl" LOC ACCT NO EXP COST VENDOR MS MO IF( -I VR BD 176300 07 000 760.66 154 111111 02/ R~ 0 N

5PEC.L ISSUES

GIFT FROM CLYDE WILSON

NUMBER, DATE

TlTLE SOIL SCIENCE SCCIETY AMERICA PROCEEOINGS Figure 3

sorted into order by vendor, library, account (subjects, holdings, and so on) to the data number, and title (see figure 2). Only that sheets in stages. By dividing the alphabet information which is useful is selected from into six parts and assigning one part to each the data card for inclusion. Other informa- of six staff members we were able to com- tion was selected and printed on the check-in plete the "title" and "data" portions of the cards (see figure 3). keypunch forms in about ten days. Then the The combination of different kinds of in- sheets were sent to a service bureau for key- formation on the same card was carefully punching. planned. The frequency (number of issues By this time the programs for printing per year) is included with the title since the serials register (complete listing of all only one title record is made, no matter how cards) and the check-in cards were ready. many copies are received. On the other hand, The cards were listed, proofed, and corrected retention is shown on the "data" card, since and the check-in cards were printed, since there is a separate data card for each copy they were needed immediately (it being the and retention may be different for each one. end of the year). Since that time we have Implementation of System gradually added other types of cards (subject codes, holdings, etc.) to our file and used Once the machine configuration, output additional programs when they were ready and input formats, were established, the ac- and needed (for example, the renewal list was tual computer programs were written and prepared in order to place 1967 renewals). tested via sample card decks. Every imagin- able type of entry was included in the sample Status and Future in order to test the programs thoroughly. At the same time, we began a crash program to All programs have been written, tested, transfer all previous records to the keypunch and documented. The master card deck is data sheets. Our first step was to complete maintained in the library (where new cards the "title" and "data" records for each item; are keypunched as needed and cards are we planned to add the other information added or removed from the file). Twice a year (February and August) the whole file remaining old format holdings cards will be is written on a work tape from which por- converted this year in preparation for a tions of the records are extracted, sorted and new list of serials. There are about 2.700 printed to provide the outputs listed in fig- titles in the present file; our growth rate is ure 1. Between these major runs a cumula- about 15 per cent per year. tive monthly supplement is prepared, which Webelieve that this svstem will fulfill our lists all cards for new items added to the requirements for serials control for the next files. The supplement deck is machine- several years. Beyond that point we expect merged with the main deck before the Feb- that conversion to a real-time computer sys- ruary and August runs. tem will be both feasible and desirable. Our All "title" and "data" cards have been records have been set up with this in mind. prepared and about half of the "subject Hopefully we will be able to skip from the codes" and "indexed" cards. "Holdings" and present machine-assisted system to real-time "notes" cards are being prepared as revisions processing and be able to avoid large-scale to our present records become necessary; all batch processing entirely.

No. OUTPUT WHEN COPIES REMARKS 1. Serials Register Aug. & Feb. 2 Alpha listing of entire deck 2. Abridged Serials Register Aug. & Feb. 10 Alpha listing of "title" and "data" cards only 3. Serials Supplement Monthly 10 Alpha listing of all cards added since last Register 4. Renewal List Aug. 2 List by vendors of all renewals for next year 5. Expiration Date List Aug. 1 List by bring-up dates for non year- end renewals, standing orders & re- orders 6. Budget List Aug. 1 Lists and $ totals of subscriptions for each library for budget planning 7. Check-in Cards Aug. 1 Complete set of 5" x 8" check-in cards for each library for coming year 8. "Contents Previews" List Aug. Offset List of periodicals included in table- masters of-contents service 9. Subject Index to Periodicals Feb. 5 Periodicals listed under subject headings 10. Periodical Indexes Feb. 5 List of current subscriptions showing available indexes which cover them 11. Monsanto List of Serials Bienniel Offset Company-wide list of holdings of masters 22 libraries

Figure 4 This paper describes the steps involved in the mechanization of the serial record of a medium-sized special library. A brief account of the original manual system is followed by a discussion of the input data elements and outputs of the system. The outputs include a holdings list, accessions list, routing list, binding forms, check-in cards for individual issues, and several outputs relating to the procurement function. The problems and benefits of the mechanized library are also discussed.

The AEC Library Serial Record: A Study in Library Mechanization

ABRAHAM I. LEBOWITZ

HE TEN YEARS or SO that have elapsed the serial record was selected as the first ob- T since computers have been in common ject of mechanization. Several reasons lay use for "com&ercial" data processing have behind this decision. In the first place, the seen a number of librarians adapt this tool serials constitute a unique collection. Not to their operations. As with any tool, it must only were there separate procedures for the be used for a job for which it is suitable and ordering, recording, and other processing of by imaginative people skilled in its applica- the serials, but they were shelved by them- tion. The role of the systems librarian is to selves in their own section of the library. determine which of the librarv's functions Except for the annuals, which we chose to can actually be mechanized and to design a treat as serials for the purpose of the mech- system which will accomplish them best. In anized serial record; neither title nor subject order to do this. he must consider the li- entries appear for them in the library's card brary's requirements as well as its human, catalog. Secondly, the collection was large mechanical, financial, and other resources. enough, a thousand titles, so that a mecha- The systems librarian must be a person nized system was indeed worthwhile. Yet it versed in the principles of librarianship as was small enough so that it could conven- well as the techniques of data processing. He iently be used for experimentation in library can. and in most libraries should. be a mem- mechanization. Another reason for selecting be; of the library, or he may be a contractor. the serial record as the system to be mech- In my judgment, a librarian who has mas- anized was the fact that the existing manual tered the fundamentals of systems work is to system was far from satisfactory. We had be preferred over a systems man or pro- experienced problems which were far from grammer who has picked up a little librar- unique. The manual serial record was highly ianship. inaccurate; even though we took pains to see At the Atomic Energy Commission head- to it that newly arrived serials were entered quarters library, as in many other libraries, regularly, and we took as much care as possible to prevent incorrect information from Mr. Lebowitz is Depzlty being entered into this serial record, we AEC Librarian in the Di- found that the number of mistakes increased vision of Technical In- as time went on. In fact, we later discovered formation, US. Atomic that the situation was so bad that we could Energy Commission, not use our manual records at all in prepar- Washington, D. C. His ing the input for the mechanized system. paper was originally pre- Another reason for selecting the serial rec- sented at a meeting of ord as a library function to be mechanized ' the Documentation Group of SLAJs New was the fact that, even though a large num- York Chapter in May 1966. ber of relatively small records were involved, these were recurrent records and well suited At the AEC library we decided that this to computer processing. The binding slips, holdings list would ultimately be duplicated one of the outputs of our system, must be pre- and distributed throughout the headquarters pared for each volume to be bound. The to make its serial holdings known to poten- catalog or, as we have called it, the cumula- tial users. We, therefore, tried to design an tive holding list is basically the same from output which would be intelligible to mem- edition to edition, and many other examples bers of the staff generally, many of whom of this repetitiveness in serials work could, have little experience in library matters, and of course, be adduced. Even had the feasibil- with as much extraneous information as pos- ity study been borderline, we would have sible deleted. The significant elements that decided to go ahead with this mechanization. we ultimately left as part of the list are: We felt that the experience to be gained title, holdings statement, a code for the from an experiment of this kind would stand branch library in which the title is kept, the us in good stead in our attempts to evaluate frequency, and possible tracings. The title is future proposals for mechanization. shown in New Serial Titles format, which is Having studied the proposed mechaniza- the form of the title used in the library for tion in relation to its place in the library as a filing. Therefore, the user of the list who whole, and having established its feasibility, finds a title under A can be assured that if the next step is a detailed consideration of he goes to the A section of the shelf, he will proposed output. In designing the outputs, find the title shelved there. The Journal of attention must be paid not only to the in- the American Chemical Society is both listed formation they are to contain but also to the and shelved as the American Chemical So- nature of the user group; a list designed to ciety Journal. The title is, however, trun- be used by librarians only might very likely cated or condensed so as not to exceed fifty- have a different format from one designed five characters. The holdings statement is in to be used by the library's customers. union-list-of-serials format, modified to meet Let us consider the possible outputs of the our own particular needs. Basically, it is an system in four categories: 1) tools for the open entry and is only updated dhen there reference staff; 2) tools related to the pro- is a major change in our holdings. Not only curement of the journals; 3) tools for other was this easier to program, but since the list internal processing; and 4) tools related to was to be duplicated and distributed it also the checking and claiming of individual is- prevented the list from becoming obsolete sues. in a month. As in most classifications there will be Because the AEC library shelves bound some items which are members of more than and unbound issues of a given title together, one class. we saw no need to indicate bound and unbound volumes. If a title is kept in the main Tools for the Reference Librarian headquarters library in Germantown, a G follows the name of the title. If it is a direct The first tool for the reference librarian that comes to mind is a holdings list of the subscription to one of the divisions and kept library's collection. This list, which is in ef- in the division, a D follows the title, and the fect a book catalog of the collection, would holdings field contains a statement in the fol- consist of an entry for each title held, and lowing form : "Direct subscription to Divi- would include at least the title of the serial. sion of Biology and Medicine," or "Kept in This list must contain cross references. It is Room G-743." If the journal is one which also possible to expand these entries to in- appears with regular frequency, a statement clude full bibliographic information, that is, of the frequency in natural language follows place of publication and publisher, and the the location code: quarterly, monthly, weekly, history of the serial. Tracings for added en- and in some cases, because of a peculiarity in tries and subject headings might be included. the programming, "unknown frequency." A statement of the frequency, and of course, Finally, we have a field which can be used information relating to the library's holdings for tracings, cross references, or notes. An and disposition of the title. example of a cross reference would be in the entry for the Aii Pollz/tion Contd Associa- The AEC headquarters library has never t~,zI01mzn1, which contains the phrase, "See attempted to arrange a common expiration also APCA abstracts." An exam~leof a date for all its serials. By not doing this, we tracing is to be found in the entry for Aeeo- have been able to spread the bookkeeping ipilre iMediciue, which contains the phrase, workload across the entire year rather than "Formerly Journal of Aviation Medicine." concentrate it in a month or two at some An example of a note is found in the entry given point in the year. We had considered for Adz~nncesin Physics, which states "Quar- a device whereby the system would notify the terly Supplement of the Philosophical Maga- acquisitions librarian several months in ad- zine." We designed the holdings list to print vance of an expiration date of a given sub- on normal 8%-inch paper so that it could be scription. Instead of this, the system, on re- printed out on, and reproduced from, con- quest, produces a list of all subscriptions by ;,entional direct image masters. In fact, all the month in which they expire. Within each the outputs for this system are designed to month the subscriptions are arranged first by print on 8%-inch paper, which is much more supplier and within supplier by title. For the convenient for readers than wide computer convenience of the acquisitions librarian we print-outs. We also designed the holdings also decided to prepare a list of all the sup- list for maximum flexibility with plenty of pliers with whom we deal, including their white space in an attractive arrangement. address and all the ~urchaseorder numbers Another potential output of interest to that we have associated with each of them. the reference staff was a list arranged by It would have been nice to be able to write subject of our serial holdings. Even though purchase orders on the computer also. How- we decided not to program or to produce ever, because of the AEC'S procurement such a list as part of our initial system, we practices, we decided to delay writing a pro- did input subject information in order to gram for the preparation of purchase orders make iE possible for us to produce such a list until we had solved our internal problems at a later date. The cost of the initial input and could approach the purchasing agent to a mechanized system is usually quite high with a strong proposal. We did, however, but does not increase in proportion to a num- attempt to solve the receiving report prob- ber of data elements. It is, therefore, advis- lem. As a rule, the AEC does not pay for a able to identify and record as many poten- subscription until at least the first issue has tially useful data elements as possible at the been received under that subscri~tion.We time of the initial input, even if no imme- wrote a program, therefore, to identify the diate application for all of them is apparent. first issue received under each new or re- In the case of the AEC headquarters system newed subscription and to provide a list of we assigned one or two Dewey numbers to those titles each month. This list would then each entry and have recently programmed a be appended to a receiving report authoriz- print-out by subject. ing the Treasury to pay for the subscription. Our reference librarians are frequently Unfortunately, we have run into some prob- asked if we have received a specific issue of a lems with this program and it is still not journal. In responding to such a request, they operating reliably enough to be used as au- frequently consult the accessions list or files thority for the disbursement of public funds. of received or expected issues, both of which will be discussed later. Tools for Check-in and Claiming One of the big problems facing the AEC Tools Required in the library was the control of the receipt of in- Procurement of Journals dividual issues and the claiming of missing Several tools are required by our acquisi- issues. The approach that we took to this tions librarian to facilitate her operations. problem was to have the computer predict The tools that we identified were a list of precisely which issues of which journals we subscriptions by expiration date, a list of might expect to receive during a given month " suppliers alphabetically arranged, purchase and punch a deck of cards for each of these orders, and a first-copies list. expected issues. As each of the expected issues arrives the card is pulled from the file that we adopted for the routing was to main- of expected issues and put into a file of re- tain a file on magnetic tape indicating the ceived issues.* For accuracy in checking in routing of all titles that are routed. The the individual issues the card was designed cards for expected issues are matched against to contain the complete title as used in the this file by the computer and a routing slip system, as well as volume and issue number giving the recipient's name and routing ad- and number of copies. The cards for the is- dress is produced for each copy of each title sues which have been received are used to to be routed. Thus, we have routing slips update our files. The cards for issues which that cover only a given month and can be have not been received are evaluated in an updated if the routing should change, and attempt to determine why. For example, cer- we do not have to maintain large tain foreign serials are notoriously irregular of preprinted routing slips. and there is no point in claiming them in the Binding slips are also prepared automati- month they are supposed to come. The cards cally by the computer. The master file is that represent issues to be claimed are fed scanned and when the number of issues into the computer together with the program which should have been received eauals1 the that produces claim letters. These letters are number in a bound volume a binding slip is printed on 8%-inch-wide paper, are pread- prepared. If all the expected issues have not dressed, have the librarian's name printed actually been received a notice to this effect on them, and they are in a form ready to be is also produced folded and inserted into a window envelope In designing our binding program we and mailed. No further writing need actually took advantage of the Library Binding In- be done on the claim letters. The file that is stitute standards. We designed a binding updated by the cards on issues which have form divided into five fields. The first con- been received is printed out in the form of a tains the title, the second the volume number cumulative accessions list. This lists each is- or numbers. the third the inclusive dates. the sue of each title which we have received fourth special text such as "cumulative in- since the beginning of the cumulation. Issues dex," and the fifth contains our imprint. received during the past month are identified. Rather than supply rules, we allow the binder This listing has proven to be helpful to the to be guided by the LBI standards in place- reference librarian and, of course, it is im- ment of the text and selection of siie of portant in following up and claiming miss- type. While this does not result in complete ing issues. uniformity, it is satisfactory. The inclusive dates must be supplied manually but even Tools for Internal Processing so this program has done much to improve our binding routine. The AEC headquarters library performs several types of internal processing. One is Other Systems Considerations the preparation of materials ready to be bound and another is the routing of indi- Most special libraries are not large enough vidual issues to specific personnel and offices. to have their own computer and are depend- Both of these are difficult and extremely ent for computer services on another organ- time-consuming operations. The approach ization. This other organization can be located within the parent corporate structure * This concept was borrowed from the University or it may be an outside service bureau. In of California at San Diego (see the Report on Se- either case it is important for the library to rials Computer Project, La Jolla, California, maintain control of its systems if they are to UCSD, July, 1962) while the specific frequency be utilized most effectively. At AEC head- code was adapted from that developed at the Washington University School of Medicine Li- quarters the approach we took to this was to brary (see "Mechanization of Library Procedures store all the programs on a systems tape in the Medium Sized Medical Library: The Serial mounted on the computer. When the first Record" by Irvin H. Pizer in the Medical Library program on this tape is loaded, control of Association Bulletin, LI:313-338, July, 1963). The inspiration provided by both these pioneering the computer passes to the library system. institutions is gratefully acknowledged. The first card read tells the computer which 0SUPPLIERS

Figure 1 of the library's programs are to be executed words, all control was based on volume and and in what sequence. All further instruc- issue numbers rather than on date. This led tions to the operator appear on the printer. to problems in unnumbered serials whose The net result is that the library prepares a date of arrival did not match the date on the deck of input cards. These are placed in the issue. There was no way, within the system, reader, the systems tape is mounted on unit of matching date to volume and issue num- one and the operator presses "start." He ber. Our new system is being programmed to need know nothing more about our system. implement both of these controls. The system itself (see figure 1 for an Another problem was caused by the ar- over-all systems chart) is designed to run bitrary short length of the title. In our new on a monthly basis on an 8K 1401 with four system we are allowing for a maximum tapes, sense switches, and advanced pro- length of 210 characters in the title. If this gramming features. It has proven itself rea- title, or a version of it truncated to 56 char- sonably satisfactory in the relatively simple acters, is suitable for check-in purposes, it is environment of the headquarters library, but used. If not, a short title must also be en- two years of operation have revealed some tered. We also have made provision for re- shortcomings which we are trying to over- cording the USASI abbreviation of the title, come in the design of a second-generation since that is how titles are frequently cited system, which is to be written in COBOL by abstracting services. language. The first of the shortcomings Another feature of our new program is stems from the fact that we based the system its method of handling cross-references. In on a monthly cycle but did not use actual the current system, cross-references are set dates in the control of the serials. In other up manually. There is nothing inherent in 158 the system to prevent a cross-reference to a number incremented. The new system will non-existent main entry, nor are there neces- allow the issue number to be incremented by sarily any tracings corresponding to the cross- any number from one to nine and, if speci- reference. In the second-generation system fied, the issue number is not reset. There is all cross-references are to be automatically one other point which I would like to em- controlled by tracings. There is no way to phasize. We have attempted to identify two introduce a cross-reference except through a classes of information within the serial rec- tracing, and if a tracing is modified or de- ord. One class is that information which is a leted, appropriate action is taken by the pro- function of the serial itself. This includes gram in connection with the cross-reference. such data as the title and imprint. The other Another area in which we have made some class is that information which is a function revision is that of frequency coding. In the of the holding library, such as holdings, existing system a serial could be coded as ir- binding, and fiscal data. The second-genera- regular, weekly, biweekly, semiweekly, semi- tion system segregates the two classes of in- monthly, and any combination of single formation. It will provide for single input occurrences per month. For example, a title of the cataloging information and multiple might be described as appearing in January, inputs of local information so that the sys- June, and July but not as January, June, and tem provides central control for libraries two issues in July. The new system will allow with more than one branch. Separate check-in all the former combinations plus daily and cards are also generated for each location. as many as five issues in any one month. It But even more important than the in-house will also allow for unnumbered supplements. benefits, we look forward to the day when In the headquarters system the issue number machinable cataloging data will be standard- always incremented by one and the issue ized and shared by all libraries throughout number was reset to 1 each time the volume the country.

The May-June 1967 issue of Special Libraries will feature an article by Eugene B. Jackson, Director of Information Retrieval and Library Services, IBM Corporation, reporting on the results of the recent survey on "The Use of Data Processing Equipment by Libraries and Information Centers." The survey was jointly sponsored by the Documentation Division, SLA, and the Library Technology Program, ALA, with funds provided by LTP under a grant from the Council on Library Resources. For the first time, an automated system is available that was designed from the beginning to control documents originated by or received from government agencies and contractors. Now, the library information center is able to control its classified documents (with modifications it could also be adopted for unclassified documents), including automatic downgrading notification according to DoD Industrial Security Manual requirements. The single card format used for recording each transaction eliminates most of the forms heretofore considered irreplaceable by this company. The programming language used was COBOL,making the computer programs executable on any computer having a COBOL compiler. Experience has proven that the system does, automatically, solve the document control problem.

An Advanced Classified Document Control System SY BERLIN

HE NEED FOR an automated ~0ntrolSyS- functioning, economically practical, fully au- T tem for classified documents has been ob- tomated system to cover the requirements as vious for several years. The Department of set forth in the DoD security manual. Defense requirements are complex, with dif- The RAC "Classified Document Control ferent groupings, classifications, and down- System" was created as one complete system grading procedures, pinpointing responsi- that would enable (according to DoD In- bility, locating a document upon short dustrial Security Manual specifications) an notice, final clearing of terminating employ- agency or contractor handling classified docu- ees, and so on, all needed for compliance. ments to maintain full control for locating- Research Analysis Corporation had a semi- documents. including" an automatic down- manual system dating from the late fifties grading notification of documents (where using punched cards and EAM equipment, required), have as few forms as practical for but it never did the job intended. With a complete continuity of a docum&, and be constantly growing inventory of over 90,000 operable with only two people directly work- classified documents it was burdensome and ing and responsible for the system handling unwieldy to live with this system. In the fall three hundred to four hundred transactions of 1962 other agencies and contractors were a day. The system more than meets all of invited to learn what had been done in these requirements. mechanizing in this area. It was found that these agencies and contractors had only auto- Pickup and Delivery of Documents mated sections of the DoD requirements. The main operation of the system requires These systems generally required several only one card format, used in triplicate, card formats and did not cover the require- which in itself contains the explanation of ments necessary to accomplish a smoothly the card columns, codes, and so on. Each copy uses the same format (see figure 1) :

1. A salmon top-striped master card ac- companies the document for the recipient's signature and is returned to the Document Control Office (DCO) as the historical record of the transaction. 2. A blue top-striped courtesy card is given to the recipient for his file on successful delivery of the document. This also shows that the courier has received a qualified signature on the master card for the document. nature on the master card. The suspense punched card is put in the sus- 3. A yellow center-striped card is retained pense file indicating that an unsigned-for by the DCO in a suspense file to record that document is out. The old master card is put this document is not in DCO nor is there a in a hold file. If the document is returned as signed master card in the file for it. undeliverable, the new master, courtesy, and suspense cards are destroyed because the New items are documents either generated transaction date is no longer valid. The old by RAC or received from some outside master card is then put in a file for the next source. The document is checked for classifi- attempt at delivery of the document. A daily cation, grouping, origin date, incoming or listing is made of all the documents to be outgoing agency, type of document, originat- delivered by each courier. ing organization, and major and minor The listings are then signed by each topics. The document is then keypunched by courier for the documents he will be deliver- DCO for entry into the system. DCO re- ing after he takes an inventory of the actual ceives requests from staff members, a docu- documents and checks them against those ap- ment's "home" area, outside agencies, and pearing on the listing. The same procedure field offices. A request is initiated by pulling applies for documents being dispatched. the master card from the file. The master These listings are then retained for auditing cards are then duplicated twice to create purposes. Documents not delivered are so courtesy and suspense cards. The courtesy noted on the listing. The courier not only card goes with the new master card and delivers documents but picks up documents is given to the recipient on receiving his sig- along his route. The normal procedure is for

New items Request for I document

DCO-Key punch -Master files

Suspense file Daily listing- Mail room- Recipient

Courier delivers and returns signed masters 1 Match masters and suspense file

Unmatched Matched Matched Unmatched suspense suspense masters masters cards investigate immediately

continued Continued on Fig. 3 on Fig. 2 Pickup and Delivery of Documents : Figure 1 the courier to pick up the documents, sign The programming language used for the the courtesy card originally received with the Document Control Svstem was COBOL mak- document (thereby relieving the individual's ing the system generally computer independ- responsibility for the document), and return ent. This language is a DoD-sponsored Eng- the document to DCO. lish-type language that readily lends itself When a document is dispatched (that is, to data handling, and is generally self-docu- leaves the organization or is sent externally menting as the program can be read in to another contractor or government agency), narrative form. The program includes many new master and courtesy cards are mailed checks for errors which can be caught- before with it. The recipient is requested to check acceptance into the system. The files once document and master card for accuracy and established are always in sequence, since the return the master card. The masters from all current input is checked for sequence and the previous transactions are matched against the updating is terminated if an out-of-sequence suspense file to cleanse the suspense file of error occurs. The inactive file is continually masters that have returned with signatures checked and purged of documents that have and are no longer outstanding. been inactive over four years. Inactive rec- Suspense cards that are no longer in sus- ords deleted will appear on the posting. pense have been removed by the return of Among the many features are downgrading a signed master. (See below, Staff Control, and modifying an existing master record. for the next use of these cards.) There Downgrading, which is the process of low- should always be a matching suspense card erine" the classification of a document for every returning master. (See below, dependent on its previously designated Posting, for the next use of these cards.) grouping, is completely automatic. A card Depending on the volume of documents output is generated to expedite changing distributed internally and externally, there the master card when a document is down- should be periodic checks of all unmatched graded. This card will also act as a notice to suspense cards to ascertain the cause. DCO DCO to recall the document from the cur- tracers should be sent to recipients of dis- rent holder (internal only) to put the new patched documents still in suspense after classification on the document. Downgrading several days, dependent on the length of the is done during a normal updating and post- normal round trip to destination and return. ing report. Modifying an existing record is When a tracer is sent, it should be noted on sometimes necessary when certain data of a the back of the suspense card for quick his- record were entered erroneously. However, at torical access of document. no time does the system allow a log or copy number to be changed once it has been ac- Posting cepted. A valuable by-product of the up- In preparation for the computer updating run is the posting or journal of trans- dating and posting the master cards are actions that occurred during the updating sorted, then put on magnetic tape as input from either a direct input change or a change for the updating. (The master cards are put in status of a master record, as by downgrad- in a hold status until the posting has been ing. It contains any and every change that oc- successful; in case cards are out of sequence curred during the updating whether gen- or errors were found when checked by the erated externally through new transactions, computer program they can be corrected and or internally as a consequence of down- resubmitted for the posting run.) The grading. Each item appears on the posting as masters on tape now represent an input a separate line and contains all the basic change file. data of the master record such as log- and The active and inactive output files (on copy number, classification, grouping, issue magnetic tape) from the previous posting date, transaction date. In addition, pertinent are now the input active and inactive files of information of the vrevious transaction for the current posting. The active master records continuity for auditing purposes is included. on these files contain all the information on This allows a document to be traced, if the original master card plus additional necessary, to its entering the system as a new downgrading information. item. Another required feature of the journal Continued from Figure 1

Fireproof sorted and Master cards Safe '-1 put on tape * returned to file

Active Inactive To update file file master files

fiComputer

V Updated Updated 1 Posting Downgrading cards active Inactive file

dle

Printed on Magnetic tapes peripheral are duplicated equipment

Document1 Original Duplicate d tapes tapes Control < Office

Another fireproof safe Posting: Figure 2

is a transaction code column. This code gives fireproof safe. The duplicate tapes are also the reason why the item appears in the stored in a fireproof safe in a location differ- journal. One of the most important control- ent than the safe used for the originals. ling features is the various totals that appear at the end of the journal. Among the uses Staff Control for these totals are the checking of the active This section is the result of maximum and inactive totals from the last posting to utilization of original inputs to the system the current active, number of new items, that is fulfilled via a by-product. The pur- total number of changes, and so forth. pose is to have an employee file indicating The posting report is sent to the DCO for the classified document holdings of each staff review, corrections if any, and for filing in member and effective as of the last posting posting binders for office use. After a suc- run. Not only is the file's value demon- cessful posting the active and inactive output strated while a staff member is employed but tapes are duplicated for backup and catas- especially so on the termination of employ- trophe using any available tape-duplication ment, since it is mandatory that all classified program available on the computer. The documents be returned to DCO before termi- tapes used for duplicating are stored in a nation can become effective. (See figure 3.) Suspense cards represent documents that proposal was to utilize the sub-system on a have been delivered, and they are now put to auarterlv basis. the effectiveness could be another use. They are matched against the improved by shortening the intervening employee file to eliminate documents charged period to one or two months. When working to the staff that have been active and have kith classified documents. it becomes im- moved somewhere else (as to another staff portant to have an inventory procedure to member). maintain short audit trails for all areas re- Matched employee cards represent docu- sponsible for documents and to assist the ments no longer in a particular staff mem- staff in their individual document responsi- ber's possession and are eliminated from the bility. (See figure 4.) file. The matched suspense cards (all but The most current active and inactive files staff cards) have no further function or use- are used for the inventory. All the operations fulness and can be put into dead storage for for the inventory are handled by a sub- a fixed period or destroyed, depending on program. This program has similar error the user's requirements. checking as in the program for the main pro- Staff is separated from the other suspense cedure. At the end of the report, control cards by proper code selection. The suspense totals of each area are given and this total cards containing the staff code will now be- should equal those at the end of the journal come part of the employee file. The other report. The output of the computer pass suspense cards have no further function or separates each area and formats each one usefulness and are also put into dead storage ready to be printed. or destroyed. The staff file, also a separate output, needs further processing before it is ready to print Quarterly Inventory the staff inventory report. The staff file is The quarterly inventory is a sub-system of sorted by the computer. Employee name file the Document Control System. Although the is a special file (used at this time only)

Continued from Figure 1 Emplclyee file -Match suspense -Suspense cards and employee

I .). Unmatched Matched and employee - unmatched file suspense cards

Matched employee EliminateI all ,All but - but staff cards staff cards cards

Dead storage Staff cards Dead storage

Merge to form , current employee file Staff Control: Figure 3 164 Active file 1 Computer

v 1 1 Library Distribution Central files Top Secret Stoff 1 I Sort $. Peripheral equipment for printing report 4 Employee name file -Computer

Inactive file I .I Computer

Destruction s is patch ~anielled I I I C Peripheral equipment for printing report Quarterly Inventory : Figure 4 which contains the employee's number and plicity. The objectives of the systems design name. The reason for this separate file is have been achieved with the design of a that an employee's name is necessary on the one-card format which is all inclusive of the printed report but it cannot be justified to document handling and DoD Industrial invest that much space on the regular card Security Manual requirements. The auto- format or the master files on tape. matic downgrading of documents has also The same sub-program includes the ability been accomplished, which under a manual to perform the matching of the employee system is, economically speaking, impossible. name file and the staff output tape. The out- The system is completely self-contained. put of this pass is now ready for printing. There are no manual routines to weaken con- The inventory reports will be similar to the trols. Controls are available through the reg- journal with some deletions of information ular journal and inventory reports to insure not needed here. All inventory reports have complete DCO control over the operation. individual page-numbering sequence. The The "Advanced Classified Document Con- staff inventory report of each employee has trol System" was designed to be flexible and individual page-numbering sequence and easy to use by Research Analysis Corporation also starts each employee on a new page. The as well as by other government agencies and staff report is sent in duplicate to each staff contractors. In use now for several months member to verify his document holdings. it has lived up to expectations. The system, Upon verification, he signs the original and including the computer programs, has been returns it to DCO. The duplicate copy is for delivered to several companies; some will the staff member's records. The inactive file use it in its present form, others will modify procedure is the same as the active file. it to conform to other governmental regula- Summary tions. The system has been made available, At this point, the reader has been ex- without charge, to all government agencies posed to the system and its unusual sim- and contractors having classified material. MARCH1967 Meaningful budgets (that is, the statements of estimated revenues and expenditures) will vary from library to library. Basic patterns, however, remain the same. The largest element in a library budget is expenditures for personnel, the second largest for literature. This paper discusses methods of arriving at average and practical figures for professional and other library staff salaries and for literature costs, and arrives at a basic budget for a hypothetical library.

Budgeting for a Company Library G. E. RANDALL

BUDGET is a financial statement of the There is a basic pattern to a library's ex- A estimated revenues and expenditures penditures whether the library is a public for a given period of time. The key word is library, a university library, or an industrial estimated. It is, or should be, a working pa- library with or without books. The largest per which can provide guidance in the iak- element in any library budget goes for per- ing of management decisions affecting the sonnel. Library Statistics of Colleges and company library. The more carefully, the Universities, 1961-62 Analytic Report2 re- more accurately the budget is constructed, cords the expenditures for personnel as 60 the more effectively it can serve management per cent of the total budget. Ruth Leonard and the operating personnel. But because in her Profiles of Special Libraries3 suggests not every exigency can be forecast, neither a 67-72 per cent expenditure for personnel. management nor the librarian can anticipate The second major portion of the budget all necessary expenditures which will be is spent for the literature. The universities made. and colleges spend 31 per cent of their total The meaningful elements in a company budget for literature; the special library library budget vary from library to library. spends from 25 to 32 per cent for its litera- The truism that each special library is dif- ture. In both the university and the special ferent from any other special library is library, over 90 per cent of the budget is especially valid in the fiscal areas. For ex- spent for personnel and literature. ample, some libraries consider the R&D re- The remaining portion of the budget is port, obtainable on request at no cost from spent on services such as binding, photocopy- the Defense Documentation Center, as their ing, and translating and for such activities as primary literature resource and others con- staff travel and memberships. It is not usual sider the periodical literature the most im- for company libraries to be charged for space portant element and are willing to spend or for overhead costs. $20,000-$50,000 a year on it. There are a number of very fine sources of information on constructing a library budget. The academic library field has the Mr. Randall, a Director bestcoverage. Originally, the American Li- of SLA, is Manager of brary Association conducted an annual survey the Resea~ch Library at which was carried in College and Research the Thomas J. Watson Libraries.4 This was succeeded by Lib~a~y Reseavch Center, ZBM Statistics1 issued by the Library Services Corporation, Yorktown Branch of the U. S. Office of Education. Heights, New YorR. His The data collected included size of the papev is based on a pres- collection, size of staff, and expenditures for entation made at an American Management salaries, acquisition, and services. The basic Arsociation seminar on developing and man- volume carries the data for the individual aging the company libravy, New York, No- library; the analytic report totals it by type I ember 15, 1966. of library. 166 Beginning Salaries Paid Fifth-Year Graduates Low % % High % Low Median Increase Average Increase Medidn Increase High $3,350 3,575 6 3,650 8 3,900 16 $1,500 $3,120 (-7) 4,190 25 $ 6,200 8 5 $ 8,500 2,600 3,500 4 4,450 32 6,650 98 9,240 2,900 3,600 7 4,683 39 6,800 1.02 8,400 2,840 4,000 19 4,862 45 7,200 1.14 8,000 3,000 4,000 19 5,083 51 7,750 1.31 14,000 3,600 4,000 19 5,365 60 8,300 1.47 10,200 4,080 4,500 34 5,661 68 8,800 1.62 10,000 3,000 4,620 38 5,902 76 9,000 1.68 10,450 3,600 4,700 40 6,145 83 9,394 1.80 15,944 3.700 4,875 45 6,468 93 10,280 2.06 15,696 NOTE:Percentage increase based on 1952 average salary. Source: Libra~yJournal Figure 1

A source of very interesting data is the paid new graduates are reported by the annual reporting of the salaries given the Strouts (figure 1). The average salary in graduates of the accredited library schools. 1952 was reported as $3,350-$3,400; the The husband and wife team of Donald and lower figure was selected as the base. To Ruth Strout has collected the data for the compile the tabulation, the low and the high past 14 years and published it each year in salaries for each of the seventeen schools the June 15 issue of Library loumal. which reported data for all ten of the years The R. R. Bowker Company's BowRer were recorded. Also recorded were the ninth Annual records data from government and high and low salary as the median high and industry sources concerning book and journal low. The percentage of each figure was then subscription costs which are a must for the computed in terms of the 1952 average. library budgeter. In addition, there are the occasional bits of isolated statistical data in the library literature which are of real assistance. The New York Library Association Bulletin for May-June 1966 carries the report of the NYLA Personnel Administration giving a suggested salary grade schedule for librarians for 1967 and how they might be applied in five public library environments in cities ranging in size from 5,000 to over 250,000 population. The company or industrial library is not comparably covered by statistical reports. The Special Libraries Association used Price Waterhouse for a survey in 19595 and made a comparable survey late in 1966. 60-70 I I I I I I I I With personnel costs accounting for '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 per cent of the library budget, it would ap- BEGINNING SALARIES pear appropriate to take an intensive look at PAID FIFTH YEAR GRADUATES librarians' salaries. The beginning salaries Figure 2 The per cent increase for each year was computed in terms of the 1952 average. By 1965 the average salary had increased 93 per cent. The improvement in the salary structure for the new library school graduate is a result of the law of supply and demand. It was assumed that if any group would have done better than the new graduates, it . - would have been the directors of the larger moo0 OOC 000 .-. 3000 OON ooo 7' university libraries. Data were selected for Q m0-b" n- 0" '" r--CO O-"'?'" N rn 3" m- --3 m-3 3W-w300 "7 the libraries in the College and Research Li- -. N33N 333 # zsg 2 '-7 braries Statistics which were large enough to report salaries for two or more associate librarians. This gave a starting group of eleven libraries. Unfortunately, they did not con- sistently report the salaries of their directors, and in 1963 data were available on only six of the eleven (figure 3). Again the data were graphed using 1952 as the basic year (figure 4). It was somewhat surprising to find that the percentage increase of the top salary for the library directors was almost identical with the increase in the average for the fifth year graduate. As an additional set of data, the maximum salaries paid "other professional librarians" at these eleven schools were charted and graphed (figures 5 and 6). These "other professionals" exclude the supervisory or administrative categories. Again, note how the increase in the high salary follows the increase in the average rate for the fifth year graduate. The percentage increase has been used to

OCCOOOOOOOO 0 0 0 Y+. 0000000000n 0 0 0 v\ r-WOOONOmVOr- r-zo-zy o\ d N* o; w- 0" d 0- 0- m- N- m- -- - 13 33 3 3 2 DIRECTORS SALARIES 69 #** FIFTH YEAR GRADUATES

X mS Sm Sa -w 2 2 2 U U U CCC I M -

SALARY OF LIBRARY DIRECTORS Figure 4 $~i&~p+o~'~ocz 9 0 ou .. ..P JZmSMarch 1967, NO.2 JZOteS SPECIAL LIBRARIES aQd ASSOCIATION Published quarterly by Special Libraries Association, 31 East 10th Street, New York 10003 hearty Texas welcome greeted the pressed warm appreciation to the other eight A Midwinter Meeting of SLA in Hous- Chapters whose invitations were considered. ton, January 19-21, when the Board of Di- Turning to the business side of forthcom- rectors and the Advisory Council convened ing Conferences, the Board ruled that, subse- dt the Shamrock Hilton. About a hundred quent to this year's New York meeting, all SLAers participated, a larger number than receipt and disbursement of funds would be usual. handled by SLA Headquarters except for A quick check on attendance of members special tours and events monies received dur- of the Advisory Committee (chairmen and ing the course of the Conference, which chairmen-elect of Divisions and presidents would be handled by the host Chapter with md presidents-elect of Chapters) indicated Headquarters oversight. that, of twenty-one Divisions, only two had The Board also acted on two recommenda- no representatives, nine were represented by tions from its Committee on Committees rel- either the chairman or chairman-elect, and ative to two standing committees on confer- five by persons other than the top officers. ences. The Convention Program Committee Among the thirty-five Chapters, nineteen was disbanded, and full program responsi- sent only one top officer, one was otherwise bility was returned to the host Conference represented, and five were no-shows. Committee. As a result of this action the Board added to the membership of the Con- igh on the meeting agenda were a ference Advisory Committee, the immediate number of decisions to be made about H past Conference Program chairman, the pres- the Association's annual get-together. ent chairman, and the chairman-elect and the First of all, starting in 1968, there will be Division Liaison Officer. It also requested no more SLA Conventions! After this year the yearly meeting will be known as the this newly constituted Committee to revise Annual Conference of Special Libraries As- the Conference manual and asked for a re- sociation. port in May. Other Convention-er, Conference-ac- wards also claimed the Board's attention. tions coming out of Houston included ap- A It approved a recommendation clarify- pointments for the 1970 Conference in De- ing the wording of the recently revised two- troit. Robert W. Gibson, Jr., Librarian of the year period of eligibility for the H. W, Wil- General Motors Corporation Research Lab- son Company Chapter Award. The revised oratories, Warren, Michigan (and SLA's Division Liaison Officer) will serve as Chair- revision now reads: "The two-year period man of the 61st Annual Conference. Named eligible for consideration will be restricted to as Conference Program Chairman was Mrs. the period covered by the current Association Gloria Evans, Librarian in the Production year and the immediate past Association and Engineering Division, Parke, Davis 8: year." Company, Detroit. She is currently serving The SLA Professional Award and Ha11 of as Chairman of the Consultation Service Fame Committee also requested a clarifying Committee and was '65-'66 president of the revision, which the Board approved. The Michigan Chapter. first sentence of the SLA Professional Award Looking ahead to 1977, the Board of Di- definition now reads: "The SLA Professional rectors opted for Atlanta, Georgia, as site Award is given to an individual or group, for the 68th Annual Conference, where As- who may or may not hold membership in sociation members will be guests of the the Association, in recognition of a ~peciflc South Atlantic Chapter. The Board also ex- major achievement in, or significant contribution to, the field of librarianship or infornu- Committee on Committees (in addition to tion science, . . ." those mentioned above), chaired by Lorraine The Chairman-Elect of the Advisory Com- Ciboch, librarian at Bell & Howell Com- mittee was added to the membership of this pany, Chicago. A thorough-going revision of Committee, which also includes the two im- the present status among standing, special, mediate Past-Presidents, the President-Elect, and ad hoc committees, with the latter and the Advisory Council Chairman. category being discontinued to become either Finally, the Board approved a change in special committees or committees of the title of the McKinsey Foundation Book Board, was agreed to. Awards Program Committee to the Academy Two new Committees were formed by of Mmagement Book A2l'al.d~ Prog~.am Board action: the Publisher Relations Com- Committee to reflect the change in sponsor- mittee (see page 186 of Special Libvaries for ship of this awards program. more information) and the Planning Com- mittee. The latter was constituted as a Stand- embership matters also came in for ing Committee of up to seven members, of M considerable discussion at the Houston whom at least two shall be present members meeting. It was reported that, on December of the Board of Directors, with the other 31, 1966, SLA membership stood at 6,704. members also librarians with seniority and The Board received the report of its Ad experience in Association activities. The Hoc "Patronizing" Committee presented by Committee's purpose is to develop a flexible chairman Charlotte Georgi, librarian of the long-range plan for SLA, and its functions Graduate School of Business Administration are to review the activities, goals, and long- Library, University of California at Los range plans of the Association in the con- Angeles. The Committee proposed two new text of the profession. The Board charged categories of SLA support: Sponsors, at the Committee with recommending new or $500 a year, and Patrons, at $1,000 a year. changed directions, objectives, and activities It recommended that the Chapter claiming for continuous and coordinated growth and credit for recruiting a Sponsor or Patron re- strengthening of Special Libraries Associa- ceive 10 per cent of the contribution. tion. new SLA Chapter was proposed to LA'S Translations Center, located at the A the Board, tentatively called Princeton S John Crerar Library, Chicago, will no md Central New Jersey Chapter. The pro- longer be associated with the Clearinghouse pcsd was referred to the chapter ~iaison for Federal Scientific and Technical Informa- Officer (John M. Connor, hed of the li- tion of the U.S. Department of Commerce. brary, Los Angeles County Medical Associn- The Board of Directors voted nct to enter into tion), the New Jersey Chapter, and the peti- further contractual agreement, last renewed tioners for further study, primarily in relation in June 1966 for a six-month period. Under previous agreements the Center's transla- to the .proposed . chapter's boundaries and a more descriptive name tions, received from a variety of non-gov- At present, a new chapter may be pro- ernmental sources, were listed in Trch~zicnl posed by a minimum of twenty-five peti- T?.d~~.i/atjou~,the semi-monthly publication iioners (new divisions need a hundredLsig- of the Clearinghouse. To replace this listing natures). The Board asked the Chapter for Center acquisitions, the Board authorized Relations Committee for a restudy of this 3 semi-monthly announcement tool to be minimum figure. published by the Translations Center at an Also of Chapter concern was the Board's anticipated annual subscription rate of some decision to limit visits by the President os $25. It is hoped that the first issue will ap- President-Elect to one every three years, pear in May 1967, and complete information starting in the Association's 1968-69 year. \vill be available soon. The ~krdalso voted to encourage Chapters Because of the cessation of the contract ar- to arrange regional meetings during Presi- rangement with the Clearinghouse, the dential visits. Board authorized a revised budget figure for the Center's next nine months of $58,858, ommittee activity in general was high- and requested the Translations Activities C lighted by a number of Board decisions Committee (chairman, Roger Martin, chief stemming from recommendations by the librarian, Shell Development Company, Emeryville, California) to develop a nominal nominations to be filed with Association service charge figure for the Center's services. Headquarters four months, now three At present, the only charge to the Center's months, prior to the annual meeting. users is the cost of photocopies of transla- The second change proposed is in Article tions supplied. XII, Section 3, and provides that members may be dropped when dues are one month in pecial Libraries got its share of attention, arrears, instead of the present three months. S as the Board accepted the report which it Both proposed changes will be presented had requested of Director Gordon E. Randall, at the annual meeting, May 31, during the manager of the Thomas J. Watson Research New York Convention. If approved there, Center Library, IBM Corporation, relating mail ballots %rill go out to the total voting to the Association's official journal. In re- membership. sponse to Mr. Randall's recommendations, the Board requested a feasibility study of he Audio-visual Materials Committee, 1) issuing a "professional journal" on at T chairman, Mrs. Margaret N. Sloane, least a quarterly basis, 2) supplementing this manager of the Technical Information Cen- with a monthly news bulletin, and 3) enter of TRW Systems, reported after long couraging the Divisions and Chapters to use study of the feasibility of the Association's the new news bulletin as their channel for prcducing a motion picture on special li- communicating with their members. Charged braries and librarianship that the project be with the study, and to report at the May abandoned and the committee dissolved. The meeting, are the Special Libraries Committee Board agreed and referred to the Finance and the editor of Special Libra~ies,in con- Committee a further recommendation that junction with the Publication Program Com- identifiable monies which have been contrib- mittee. News &- h'otes readers are invited to uted to the motion picture fund be returned send their ideas along to the study group. to the donors.

oard approval was given to a project ending similar action by the American B proposed by the Nonserial Publications P Documentation Inst~tute,the Board vcted Committee chaired by Mrs. Dorothea Rice, to dissolve the Joint Operating Group of librarian at American Metal Climax, Inc., ADI-SLA, but to continue liaison with AD1 New York. The project, scheduled for 1967 through a special representative. publication, is A Bibliog~zlphjiiz Clc2s.tificiz- riou, edited by Barbara Denison of the ocumentalists' Bookshelf, a project of Western Reserve University Library School, D the Documentation Group of the New which is an updating and revision of the York Chapter, was given enthusiastic Board guide to the SLA Loan Collection of Classi- approval. The "bookshelf" will be an ex- fication Schemes and Subject Heading Lists, hibit display of AD1 A)znr/nl RelVe~i,litera- transferred last year to Western Reserve. ture with facilities for making on-the-spot The Board also voted to drop as a non- photocopies. The National Science Founda- serial publication project a long-standing ticn has been asked for financial support of title, The Orgmimtiorz md i\.la)zng~mel~tof the project \vhith is plmned to dehut at Specid Lib~nries. Originally approved in the '67 AD1 Convention in New York. June 1961, the project is currently editd by It will also be made availablc to library Grieg Aspnes, research librarian at Cargill, schools. Inc., Minneapolis. The Board's action, which Lvas taken without prejudice, called on the proposed Japanese exchange similar Nonserial Publications Committee to find A to the Russian exchange visits of spe- other \va)rs to publish the material collected cial librarians and information specialists of '' to date. last year was referred to the International Relations Committee. wo Bylaws changes were referred by the T Board to the Bylaws Committee. The he 1968 Midwinter Meeting of the first change, affecting Article X, Section 2, T Board of Directors and the Advisory calls for nominations to be presented to the Council will be held January 18-20 in New Board not later than October 15, rather than Orleans. The next meeting of the Board will November 15, and for petitions for further be May 27-28 in New York. SLA Sustaining Members The following organizations are supporting the activiries of the Special 1-ibraries Association by becoming Sustaining hlembers for 1967. This list includes all applications processed through February 20, 1967.

ABBOTTLABORATORIFS ~~ARATHONOIL COMPANY RICHARDABEL AND COMP.ANY ~~ARQIJETTE~~NIVERSITY MEMORIAL LIBRARY AEROSPACECORPORATION ~~AXWFLLSCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL, INCORPORATFD AMERICANCAN COMPANY MINNESOTAMINING AND ~IANUFACTURINGCOMPANY AMERICAKCYANAMIO COMPANY MISSOURISTATE LIBRARY AMERICANELFCTRIC POWER SFRVIC~ CORPORATION ~'AT~ONAI ASSOCIATIONOF ENGINEAND BOAT h1.i~- AMERICANGAS ASSOCIATION ITFACTURCRS AMERICANIRON AND STEFI.INSTITIITE NATIOKALBANK OF DETROIT AMFRICANLIBRARY ASSOCIATIOK NATIONALLEAD COMPANY AMTRICANNATIONAI. I.ABOKATORY NATIONALI.IBRARY, Singapore, Malaya THEAMERICAN TOBACCO COMPANY ~YATIONAIPIIBI.ICATIONS COMPANY ARGONNENATIONAL LABORATORY NFWYORK 1.1~~: ~NSI'RANCE COMPANY ATLASCHFMIC.AL INDUSTRIFS, IKCORPORAT 1.0 THE h11:w YORKTIMES B.ANKOF AMERIC.~ Nrw YORKC'NIVERSITY ~.IRKARII.S BASICECONOMIC APPRAIS.~~ S, IKCOKPORATI 1) NORTHAMERICAN AVIATION INCORPORAT~D BECTON,DICKINSON AND COMPANY 0~11VY AND MATHI:RINCORPORATED BT1 I. AKD Howrr~RFS~ARCH Cl NTI R Ofrro STATFLIBRARY BELLTELFPHONE LABORATORIFS THEOKI AHOMA STATELIBRARY BETHLEHEMSTE~L CORPOR.AT~ON PI-KNSYI.VANIASTATE I:NIVTKSITY BOI-INGCOMPANY TIII; Prop1 ts GAS, LIGHTAND COKECOMPANY BOSTROMCORPORATION PI'RGAMONPRI ss IKCOKPORATI:D R R. BOWKERCOMPANY P~TTSBI~KGHPLATF GLASS COMP~NY BRIDGEPORTPUBLIC LIBRARY THr PORTOF NEWYORK A~THOKITV BRO-DARTINDUSTRI~S, INCORPORATI D C. W. POST COLLEGE CAKRIFRCORPORATION PRI-NTICE-HALIINCORI'OKAT~D Cl{lCAGO ~~CDICAI.SCHOOL LIBRARY PROCTFKAND GAMBII: COMPANY ClBA PHAKMACL~IIICALCOMPANY PIIBI.ICSr~wcr EI.TCTRIC AND GASCOMPANY CONSOL~DATEDEDISON COMPANY OF NI-w ~ORK Qr.ra~:cIR~N AND TIT-ANIIJMCORPORATOIN CONSOIIDATION COAI.COMPANY RAI)IATION,~KCORPORAT~D CONTIKENTALCARBON COMPANY RCA LABORATORIES,RADIO CORPORATION OF AIII.RIC.I CONTINENTAINATIONAL AMERICAX GROI:P THPRAND CORPORATION CORKINGGLASS WORKS ROCKFORDPI'BI IC LIBRARY THTJOHN CREKAR IABRAKY ROCKI:FEI.I.EKOFFICE LIBRARY DALHOVSIEUNIVERSITY ROHMAND HAASCOMPANY DAIILAS PI'BLIC~.IBRAKY ROYAIBANK OF CANADA DEFENSEDOCIJ~~TKTATIOK CENTI-R ST. JOHN'SL~NIVIRSITY LIBRARY DIAMONDALKALI COMPANY SANJOSE PIIBI.IC LIBRAKY THEDOW CHFMICAL COMPANY. Golden. Colr~rdo SHAWINIGANCHFMICAI.~ LIMITI-D Dow CHEMICALLIBRARY, hiidland, hlichigan SHFII. DFVI:IOI'MENTCOMPANY 1. I. DI, PONT or NI.MOIIRSAKD COMPANY, SHFLL011. COMPANY I.aairlsler Library SINCIAIR OIL CORPORATION I; I. oc7 PONT DI: NFMO~RSAND COMPANY, SKOKIEPIIBLIC LIBRARY Techn~cal Lihrary SQl'lBB INSTIT~!TEFOR ~~FDICALRI-SFARCH LIBRARY ~ASTAIANKODAK COMPANY J. W. STACFY,INCORPORATED EASTORANGE FRFE PI.BLIC LIBRARY STANDARD011. COMPANY(NFW JERSLY) k30 Rl-S~AKCEIAND ENGINI:I 21n I IX AND VI-RBRCGGL OTHER PROFESSIONALS FIFTH YEAR GRADUATES 250 t

I I I I I I I I '52 '54 '56 '58 '60 '62 '64 MAXIMUM SALARIES PAID OTHER PROFESSIONALS Figure 6 depict the trend. But let us go back and pick up some dollar figures. When industry goes recruiting, it usually hunts for the best. For the past six years, the best qualified master- degree librarian rated over $10,000; for the past two years over $15,000. So you're willing to compromise and you want only "one of the best"? The median of the high salaries for 1965 was $10,280. The most recent salary data from the U. S. Office of Education on "other professionals" covers 1963. Remember, these are the individual working librarians-not supervisory or managerial librarians. The top dollar paid three years ago in the group of schools in the study was $12,696; the median high salary was $10,968. The public library field has had the repu- tation of being a low-paying one. But let us check the "Suggested Salary Grade Schedule" published in the New York Library Associa- tion Bulletijz (figures 7 and 8). The director of a public library serving a city of 15,000 to 25,000 and the assistant director of a library serving 25,000 to 50,000 both start at $10,050 (figure 8). With or without experience, and with any degree of supervisory responsibility, the salary of a "good" librarian is going to be something in excess of $lo,O00. The cost of library materials was not as carefully considered as were the salaries. From the Bowkev A?znt/al it was possible to of books and periodical subscriptions first. trace the average price of science books and In six years book prices have increased from the subscription cost for chemistry and phys- an average of $8.14 to $12.13. This is an ics subscriptions from 1959 to 1965. The average increase of $.66 per year. The 1965 books have gone from $8.14 to $12.1 3 and cost of $12.13 would be increased by $1.32 the subscriptions from $10.04 to $18.42 if this growth rate is to continue into 1967. (figure 9). So for our 1967 budget we will assume a So that the increase in the cost of library unit cost of $1 3.45. Simple multiplication materials might be compared with the rising gives a total of $20,175 for the purchase of salaries, the 1959 price was arbitrarily as- 1,500 books. For ease in recording, let us signed the percentage of 145 to make it round it off to $20,000. comparable to the average salary of 1959. By Journal subscriptions get the same treat- 1965 the average salary was 193 per cent of ment. The 1965 subscription cost of $18.42 1952 (figure 1) and the average book price per title will have to be increased for 1967 216 per cent. The subscription cost was 266 to $21.20. The total cost for the 625 sub- per cent (figure 9). scriptions will then be $13,250. The point to be made from this exercise is The profile library receives some fifty ab- that if salaries have grown rapidly, the cost st;acting and indexing services. Presumably of the literature collection has increased even a number of these are obtained at no cost. faster. This would be the case for DDC's Technical One of the best ways to learn about budg- Ab~tvactBulletin and NASA's STAR. There ets is to construct a hypothetical one. For are others which are quite expensive such as this exercise let us use the data provided by Chemical Abst~acts,Scielzce Citation llzdex, Miss Leonard in her profile of the library and the Cambridge Communications services. for the DEF Corporation.3 This library is in These will add at least $5,000 to the budg- an organization of 1,200 employees of whom etary requirements. 800 are active users of the library. There are The profile suggests that five hundred of six professional and nine clerical staff mem- the titles will be retained permanently. If bers in the library. journals are to be retained, there will be a The library adds 1,500 books annually, binding cost. If there is an average of one subscribes to fifty indexing and. abstracting and a half bound volumes for each calendar publications or services and subscribes to 625 year, five hundred titles bound would mean periodicals in addition to the fifty it receives 750 volumes per year for binding. This will by virtue of memberships or as a result of require an expenditure of $3,000. exchanges. It retains five hundred of these A slightly lesser amount should be esti- titles permanently. mated for translations and photocopy service. Let's tackle the easy figures such as the cost Ten translations and 1,500 pages of photo-

Suggested Salary Grade Schedule 1967 Minimum Salary Annual lncrement Increment Increment Increment Increnzent Grade Salary 1 2 3 4 5 Rdte 1. $ 6,700 2. 8,050 3. 8,375 4. 9,650 5. 10,050 6. 11,575 7. 12,050 8. 14,450 Source: NYLA Bulletin, May-June 1966 Figure 7 Minimum Recommended Salary Scale 1967 LIBRARYA LIBRARYB LIBRARYC LIBRARYD LIBRARYE Population 5,000- Population 15,000- Population 25,000- Population 50,000- Population over 15,000 25,000 50,000 250,000 250,000

Librarian I Librarian I Librarian I Librarian I Librarian I (Grade 1-$6,700) (Grade ~$6,700) (Grade 1-$6,700) (Grade 1-$6,700) (Grade 1-$6,700)

Director I Librarian I1 Librarian I1 Librarian I1 Librarian I1 (Grade 3-$8,375) (Grade 2-$8,050) (Grade 2-$8,050) (Grade 2-$8,050) (Grade 2-$8,050)

Director I1 Asst. Director I Librarian I11 Librarian 111 (Grade 5-$10,050) (Grade 5-$10,050) (Grade 449,650) (Grade 449,650)

Director 111 Asst. Director I1 Librarian IV (Grade 7-$12,050) (Grade 7-$12,050) (Grade 6-$11,575)

Director IV Asst. Director 111 (Grade 8-$14,450) (Grade 8-$14,450)

Director V (Salary Open) Source: NYLA Bulletin, May-June 1966 Figure 8 copy orders per year can be budgeted for ians something in between. After we have $2,000. recovered from the shock the dollar value of At least half of the professional staff librarians so computed provides, we will re- should have their expenses paid to a profes- figure the salary on a somewhat more con- sional association meeting each year and the servative basis. supervising librarian will have an equivalent In 1967 the median high for the new travel cost. This will require an additional graduate will be $11,000. The three new li- $2,000. brarians' salaries would then total $33,000. Our non-personnel costs now total $40,250. The median maximum paid other profession- The profile library has nine clerical assistants. als in 1963 was $10,968; the median salary It is my contention that the clerical staff in paid university library directors was $18,000. a company library has responsibilities ex- This would give us a basis for paying the ceeding those of the average clerical worker company librarian $18,000 in 1967. The in the installation served by the library. These two senior librarians would, at 40 per cent costs, the clerical salary, vary from industry of the difference between the junior librar- to industry as well as geographically. For the ians and the company librarian, be rated at purposes of this presentation, let us settle $14,000. At this rate the professional librar- for $100 per week or $5,200 per year. For ians' salary total would be $79,000. nine clerical assistants, this totals $46,800. The one apparent fallacy in this approach Of the six professional staff members there to the professional librarians' salary cost is are three recent graduates, two senior librar- that no one library could hope to acquire ians, and the chief librarian. Because indus- three of the best qualified graduates in any try should recruit only the best, let us use the one year. But if we can accept this basis for probable high median of 1967 for our three building a budget, the total would be $171,- recent graduates. For the head of the library 050 of which $45,250 (26 per cent) would let us use a figure obtainable from Library be for non-personnel expenditures. Stdtistirs and let us pay the two senior librar- ~ccordingboth to my subjective evalua- MARCH 1967 Literature Costs library statistics I have found I was buying CHEMISTRY one book for every six loans. To accept a AND PHYSICS compromise between my 6 to 1 and Miss BOOKPRICES- PERIODICAL Leonard's 15 to 1 at a 10 to 1 ratio would SCIENCE SUBSCRIPTIONS result in the purchase of 2,340 books per Per Per year. The cost of this would total $31,473 Dollars Cent Dollars Cent which would absorb the $11,000 salary savings. The original and very promptly revised budgets appear as shown in figure 10. One area which we did not budget for is the addition of back runs of periodicals. One of the better guides to the need for expanded holdings is the record of photocopies or- Source: The Bowker Annual, 1966 dered from other libraries. If over a period Figure 9 of a year or so, photocopies of the same journal title are repeatedly ordered, it should be considered for acquisition. Positive action tion and to most library standards, this 74 should be taken if the journal is in the sub- per cent is too high a portion of the total ject area of interest to your company and budget to be spent on personnel. In a pre- more than one person is initiating the orders. vious commentary on the objectives and In conclusion, let me remind you that each standards for special libraries6 I had sug- company library is unique. If the budget you gested a personnel ratio of one staff member produce for your library is unlike that of any per one hundred potential clientele unless other library, either in dollars or in percent- special services were provided. With the re- age breakdowns, don't be alarmed. If the port service provided by the library I would budget you produce is logically derived, will concur in a need for fourteen staff members, serve as a guide for your management deci- five professionals and nine clericals. This sions, and will enable the library to provide would bring the salary figure down to $114,- the necessary assistance to the clientele, it is 800 which is a little below the 60 per cent acceptable. Good library service is one of ratio suggested by Miss Leonard. The $11,- the least expensive and most effective services 000 savings should be added to the amount the company can provide the employee. spent for literature. Is the ratio of book acquisition sufficiently large? The 1,500 books purchased to the References

23,400 loaned is a ratio of one book pur- 1. U. S. OFFICEOF EDUCATION,Library Services chased to every fifteen loaned. I would sus- Branch. Library Statistics of Colleges and Univer- pect this ratio is too large. From my own sities. Institutional Data. 1960-61, 1962-63, 1963- 64. 2. --- . Library Statistics of College and Uni- Budget for Hypothetical Library versities. Part 2: Analytic Report, 1959-60, 1961- 62. 3. LEONARD,Ruth. Profiles of Special Libraries. Books New York, Special Libraries Association, Spring Subscriptions 1966. (Also published in Special Libraries, March. Services April, May-June, 1966.) 4. COLLEGEAND RESEACH LIBRARIES.January Binding issue, 1953-60. College and University Library Translations and Statistics, 1952-53 (as of September 1, 1952); photocopy 1953-54 (as of September 1, 1951) ; 1953-54 (as Travel of September 1, 1953); 1954-55, 1955-56, 1956- Clerical staff 57, 1957-58, September 1, 1959. Professional staff 5. Special Libraries Association Personnel Survey. 1959. Special Libraries, March, 1960, p. 133-57. 6. RANDALL, G. E. Special Library Standards, Statistics and Performance Evaluation. Special Li- Figure 10 braries, July-August, 1965, p. 379-86. A pilot study was made of problems in translation encountered by sixty pharmaceutical and chemical firms. Results showed greatest demand for translations from German, French, Russian, and Japanese, in that order. Commercial firms and free-lance translators were used by a majority of firms, with some indication that they would prefer to use their own personnel, if available. Many firms purchased translations from the SLA Translations Center and other collections also. Prices paid for translating varied widely. A survey of prices from twenty-four translation agencies was given as a comparison. There was difference of opinion on the relative merits of subject knowledge, and foreign-language and English competence. Complaints of slowness, expense, poor quality, and lack of competence in English or subject matter were voiced against both commercial firms and individual translators. Problems in Translation DORCAS BUSH

PILOT STUDY was made of problems in an attempt was made to follow the format of A translation encountered by commercial the 1962 SLA Survey of Translation Activ- firms, using a questionnaire which was sent ities, for purposes of comparison. to fifty pharmaceutical firms and fifty chem- Table 1 recaps the answers to the first ical firms. In general, companies selected question. In cases where an answer fell into were large ones, but some smaller ones were more than one category, it was included in purposely chosen. the category containing the highest number In addition, postcards were sent to forty reported ; e.g., if a firm reported 10-15 trans- commercial translating agencies, asking for a lations per year, it was included in the current price list and any special rates which "11-15" range. each might have. The covering letter sent to the pharma- Table 1 ceutical and chemical firms mentioned that a Number of Translations Completed pilot study was being made, listed the type per Year of firms being surveyed, and stated that the results would probably be published in a 1-5 major library journal. The postcard mailing 6-10 did not mention that a survey was being 11-15 made, but the fact that it was multilithed 16-20 indicated that it was being sent to several 21-25 firms. 26-50 Sixty-nine answers to the questionnaire 51-100 were received, but for various reasons several 101-200 of these were not completed; this report is 201 and over based on sixty replies. In tabulating results, Don't know No response Miss Bush is Supervisor Total of Readers' Services in the Scientific Library of In the second question, languages were Eli Lilly C Company, Zn- listed in the order in which we felt the fre- dianapolis. She holds her quency of translations would fall (with the undergraduate degree in exception of Chinese, which was placed after Chemistry from the Uni- Japanese in order to keep the two oriental versity, of, Missouri at languages together). This was the order in Kansas City, and the M.S. in Library Service which the survey actually showed these trans- from Columbia University. lations fell. Since many of these figures are probably based on estimates only, it is pos- The matter of authorization of translations sible that the order given in the question seems to be mostly in the hands of depart- may have had a psychological effect on the ment heads, supervisors, and those of similar estimates, in some cases. Table 2 shows the level. Thirty-three firms reported this to be total number of languages reported by all the case. Five firms reported authorization by firms. "requester," "scientific personnel," and the like, implying no supervisory approval was Table 2 needed. The libarian or head of the informa- Languages Translated by All Firms tion center or translating unit was the au- No. OF FIRMS thority in eleven firms, and the supervisory REPORTING personnel and/or the librarian in six other German 56 firms. French 5 1 In thirty-six cases only the translator edited Russian 46 the finished work; in ten others the trans- Japanese 44 lator was aided in this work by the library Italian 3 7 staff, the requester, or an editor. The library Spanish 29 staff edited in five firms, and in two firms Chinese 11 full-time "editors" were apparently available. Dutch 5 Two firms reported that no one edited; how- Swedish 3 ever, it must be borne in mind that the trans- Polish 2 lator probably always does a certain amount Flemish, Danish, Korean, of editing of his own work. Czech, Portuguese, Table 4 tabulates the services used by the Slavic 1 each firms reporting. The categories were perhaps not well-chosen; "individuals" was meant The subjects covered in translations are to designate free-lance translators outside the shown in Table 3. in the order of their fre- company, but in some cases this seems to quency. These subjects cannot be considered have been interpreted to mean individual as being rigidly defined; for instance, a firm translators in the company, as opposed to may report all its translations under "Medi- agencies. Also, in some instances there seems cine," whereas we suspect they actually may to be some confusion as to whether "own have included Biology, Biochemistry, etc. translator" was a translator paid for that ex- The subject General Science was not listed clusive purpose, or a member of the library in any of the replies. staff or the scientific personnel. The tabulation is accurate as far as we are able to interpret the answers. Table 3. Subject Categories SUBJECT No. OF FIRMS Table 4. Types of Services Used Chemistry 53 No. OF Chemical Technology 37 FIRMSUSING Medicine 37 Commercial agencies 48 Biochemistry 36 Individuals (local or otherwise) 26 Physiology 27 Own translator (full or part Biology 18 time) 16 Physics 7 Own scientific personnel, Mathematics 5 including library staff 38 Legal, Pharmacology 4 each Pharmacy 3 The ambiguity in regard to the interpreta- Business, Engineering, tion of the four types of services is quite ap- Metallurgy 2 each parent in the answers to Question 7, on pref- Agriculture, Documentation, erence. Again, the tabulation is subject to Foods, Microbiology, Paper our interpretation of the answers. Some firms Technology, Patents, Textile gave more than one preference; these are not Technology, Tobacco 1 each included in the table. 174 Table 5. Types of Translating Services Preferred No. OF FIRMS SERVICE PREFERRING REASONS Agencies 17 Faster, more reliable, better knowledge of subject and of language, better finished product (more pol- ished, better typing, etc.), ease of duplication, accuracy, consistent quality, cheaper. Individuals 4 Cheaper, faster, better quality, better communication. Own translator 8 Faster, better quality work, confidentiality, ability to scan and do excerpts, more reliable. Own scientific personnel 16 Subject and language knowledge, knowledge of company, more literate, faster, better control, better security, available for scanning and consultation, cheaper.

Cost did not seem to be much of a factor; their own organizations, and few have full- only three firms preferred their own person- time translators; thus, they have experience nel because of cost, one preferred agencies, only with agencies and free-lance individuals. and one, individuals for the same reason. A Many did not answer Question 8, and few stated they preferred agencies in spite others were undecided as to which service of higher cost. was fastest. The consensus of those voting Although, from Table 5, agencies seem to was almost a tie between agencies, their own be the favorite service, it is interesting that, translators, and their own scientific personnel, of the sixteen firms using both commercial the vote being 13, 12, and 11, respectively. agencies and their own scientific personnel, Only six voted in favor of individuals. and expressing a preference, seven preferred The question on rates produced a bewil- the agencies, and nine their own scientific dering range. Since Question 9 was not perzonnel. Moreover, because of the confu- broken down into types of service, it is im- sion in interpreting the question, several possible to tell what prices were paid for preferences expressed for "individuals" and what services. Table 6 shows the range. It "own translators" probably should really must be noted that firms listing a range of have been included in the "scientific person- prices paid for any one language may be nel" category. listed in more than one column; eg., a firm It must also be remembered that many paying $2.00 to $3.00 for Russian transla- firms do not have translators available in tions will appear in the. fourth, fifth, and

Table 6. Price Range for Various Languages PRICEPER 100 ENGLISHWORDS $50-.99 $1.00 $1.01-1.50 $1.51-2.00 $2.01-2.50 $2.51-3.00 $3.01-3.50 $3.51-4.00 $4.01-4.50 $4.51-5.00 Over $5.00

*Some may be rough draft or manuscript sixth price ranges. Also, a firm paying $1.50 (lo), not recent enough (5), slow replies for German and $2.00 for Italian will ap- (2). (In regard to the first objection, we re- pear in both the third and fourth ranges. gret that we failed to include the question: Seventeen firms reported paying higher How many translations do you contribute to prices for rush work, five paid reduced prices the Center per year ?) as regular customers, and three, reduced rates for quantity lots. No one reported paying Table 8 additional amounts because of geographical Number of Translations Received from location. SLA Translations Center per Year Most paid on the basis of English word count, but seven paid by the page, four by No. TRANSLATIONSNO. OF FIRMS foreign word count, three by the month 1-2 12 (own translator's salary?), and two by the 3-5 6 hour (individuals). One firm reported pay- 6-10 13 ing an agency according to the complexity 11-20 3 of the article being translated. Only one men- 21-30 3 tioned paying an extra fee for charts and 31-50 - graphs. One firm paying by the page defined 51-100 2 a page as "normal margins, double-spaced," another as 350 w,ords. Other translations pools which they had Table 7 shows the principal sources used included the National Library of Medi- checked for availability of translations. cine, Library of Congress, CFSTI, U. S. De- partment of Agriculture, and several com- Table 7. Sources of Translations mercial agencies. Most firms indicated they expected full re- No. OF FIRMS production of tables, graphs, and so on in a SOURCE CHECKING finished translati~n. A few needed only Technical Translations 29 translated legends. Five specified they re- Special Libraries (SLA Transla- quired an original and two copies. Most re- tions Center at John Crerar) 13 ported they required only one copy, that they Own files 7 did their own reproduction, and the like. Russian Journals in Translation 4 One firm required thirty bound copies. One John Crerar Library 3 required translation of bibliographies; two National Institutes of Health specified translation if necessary (e.g., if in (Recent Translations) 3 Russian). Answers to this question were often dif- Other sources mentioned were Institute of ficult to interpret, due perhaps to the am- Paper Chemistry library, government pub- biguity of the question. lications, Government-Wide Index to Trans- Table 9 shows the Der cent of translations lations, Bibliography of Medical Transla- which were satisfactory to the user. Some of tions, Federation Proceedings Translation these answers were difficult to interpret also, Supplement, Translators Monthly, National being indicated by check marks, the words Library of Medicine, and various commercial "yes," "no complaints," and the like. We agencies. tabulated these as 100 per cent. In recapping Forty firms reported that they sometimes the answers, where only the first part of the obtained translations from SLA Translations question was answered we assumed that fig- Center. Table 8 shows the distribution of ure applied to all four parts; otherwise, we the number received from this source. Firms reported only those of the question listing a wide range of number of transla- which were answered. tions are shown in the upper range only; Thirty-seven firms believed that a knowl- e.g., a firm listing 1-10 per year would ap- edge of the subject field of an article was pear in the 6-10 column. more important than knowledge of the for- Reasons given for not ordering transla- eign language, an adequate knowledge of tions from the Center were: Never available both being assumed. Eleven believed knowl- Table 9. Per Cent of Translations Judged Satisfactory to Users

PERCENT 100 99 9 5 90 85 80 75 7 0 50 25 None edge of the foreign language more impor- of the English terminology of the subject. In tant; ten felt both were equally essential. the listing of complaints in Table 10, it is Twenty-four firms believed that their best notable that there is no mention of inade- translations were done by translators whose quate knowledge of the original language. . native language was that bf the original doc- In answer to Question 18, eighteen firms ument; nineteen thought an English-lan- had made comparison translations, or ex- guage origin was more important. Seven pected to do so in the near future. were undecided, or thought both were equally Many respondents did not venture to list necessary. One offered the interesting idea problems they had encountered with trans- that the language in which the subject had lators, or simply stated "no problems." Table been studied was most important. 10 recaps the complaints which were reg- This idea prompts a definition of the first istered. Since "individuals" lumps together part of Question 17, "In general, do you find all free-lance and company translators, as you get your best translations from individ- well as company scientific personnel, it uals whose native language is that of the would seem that these categories \vere gen- original document?" We had in mind a for- erally most satisfactory to the users. How- ei&-born individual who had grown to ever, it must be remembered that most of the adulthood and been educated in his native individuals were in more or less direct con- language, learning English only as a second tact with the users, and were thus in a much language. Undoubtedly, the comparative better position to render satisfactory service. amounts of exposure to the native language and to English is the deciding factor. Per- Table 10. Complaints haps the best translator is one who thii2k.r in English. (Does anyone ever reach the point WITH where he thinks in more than one lan- NATUREOF COMMERCIAL WITH guage ?) COMPLAINT FIRMS INDIVIDUALS Kurt Gingold in a recent article opines Slow 2 1 12 that a knowledge of the source language is Expensive 4 1 less important than a knowledge of either Poor quality (grammar, English or of the subject field. Paul Hower- format, or unspeci- ton in a 1962 article speaks of the difficulties fied) 8 4 encountered in the kussian language by Poor English 4 1 translators whose native language is not Inadequate subject

Enelish.c> knowledge 8 6 One wonders if many of the complaints Lack of personal of "inadequate subject knowledge" might contact 1 - not really be due to an inadequate knowledge Billing troubles 1 - Table 11. Agency Charges for Various Languages PRICEPER 100 ENGLISHWORDS $.50-.99 $1.00 $1.01-1.50 $1.51-2.00 $2.01-2.50 $2.5 1-3.00 $3.01-3.50 $3.5 1-4.00 $4.01-4.50 $4.5 1-5.00 Over $5.00

Table 11 recaps the prices quoted by the ders. Special rates were quoted for patents, twenty-four agencies whose replies and price for Russian articles ordered within three lists were studied. This is set up in the same years of publication, or for a less finished format as Table 6, and in this table, too, an (but readable) product. agency listing a range of prices for one lan- Undoubtedly, the quality of work done by guage will appear in more than one column these different agencies must be in some pro- (some agencies list different prices for dif- portion to the fees charged, but some cus- ferent classes of subject matter, or for varia- tomers must be satisfied with all of them, or tions of "polish" in the finished product). they would not be in business. The potential The additional charges and discounts listed user who does not have his own translators by the various agencies were in a variety as must therefore decide, perhaps by trial and bewildering as that of their basic rates. Most error, which best fits his purposes and budget. charged extra for illustrations, charts, graphs, While no definite conclusions can be and so on-from 20d to $5.00 each. Some reached from this small pilot study, certain charged on a time basis, some on a cost-plus trends appear, and a larger survey, with some basis. Several furnished one extra copy free, refinement of questions, might yield some but few furnished more than one. Additional interesting data. copies were quoted at 4& to 456 per page, or at so much per 100 words. Rush work could carry a "slight" to 50 per cent extra charge. References Postage might be charged to foreign countries. 1. GINGOLD,Kurt. A Translator's Guide to Bet- Some charged minimum fees. Some charged ter Translations. Special Libraries, vol. 57, Novem- extra for editing and proofreading. Adver- ber 1966, p. 643-4. tising and promotion copies were consider- 2. HOWERTON,Paul W. Technical Translations: ably more expensive. Their Initiation, Production and Use. Special Li- Discounts quoted were 2 per cent 10 days, braries, vol. 53, January 1962, p. 21-5. 3. SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION.Survey of net 30 days; 5 per cent 10 days, 2% per cent translation activities in universities, societies and 30 days. Discounts (usually 10 per cent) industry in the fields of science and technology. were given for large orders or for first or- New York: 1962. A Guide to New York Guidebooks

EW YORKis a demanding city. The vis- range from "After the Theatre," a three-page N itor is assaulted by pitchmen for a essay and listing by neighborhood of rendez- thousand gimmicks, gigantic billboards, hard- vous spots where you can get coffee and a and soft-sell lures, blazing marquees, and dessert or snack for $2 to $5, to "Zoos" which quiet con men. The city will offer you any- describes in detail the famous one in the Bronx and one on Staten Island and mentions thing you want "for a price," blatantly and those fun ones in Central Park and Prospect loud in Times Square or Greenwich Village, Park (Brooklyn). Along the way you'll find tastefully and almost with condescension in useful sections on antiques, antiquities, baby- the shops of Fifth or Madison Avenues, or sitters, bookbinding, books (with a listing of business-like and straightforward in the Her- stores by subject), bocce, bridge and bridges, ald Square department stores. Every New cricket, chess, candy, drug stores, folk music, York movie is sexier, more shocking, more furs, gourmet shops, luggage, magic, millinery, artistic, better than all the others; every movies, museums, ocean liners and piers, store front claims in its displays a better bar- opera, parks, parties, pawnbrokers, sea shells, spices, soccer, swimming, theatre, taxicabs, tip- gain for a variety of reasons: "Fire Sale!" ping, tobacconists, toys, and wrestling. Hart's "Lease Expires!" "Last Year's Models-All Guide is compendious, touches on nearly New!" You can walk or ride, fly or sail, everything, and will stand the convention visi- around and through the city. There are few tor in good stead. There is a very useful amusements or commodities known to man colored map section in the center with subway that can't be procured in New York at al- diagrams, maps of highways in and out of most any hour: town, street maps of Manhattan neighbor- To catalog or invoice the bushels of green, hoods, and maps of the shops and buildings ripe, overripe, and rotting fruit that spills on the more impressive avenues. It's a good forth from this cornucopia is impossible. buy. There has never been a guidebook to satisfy every visitor to New York, indeed, never HART,Harold H. New York nt Your Finger- one to do the giant city justice. That fact tips. Hart, 1964, $1.95, paper. hasn't discouraged the guidebook writers, as This spin off from Hart's Guide is handier, the following list attests. but much more brief. Its outstanding feature The guidebooks annotated below were first is the quantity of handy tables. There are, for found in the Subject Guide to Books in instance, listings of restaurants by price (ap- Print, 1966. The publisher of every one petizer, entree, dessert, and coffee), by neighborhood, and by cuisine; Hotels are listed in listed was asked to supply a review copy for order of rates and location. Good sections this article. No selection was made. Every with the rundown on department stores, per- book received is listed here. They are offered sonal needs (barber shops, interpreters, etc.), in the hope that each special librarian, sports transportation; movie theaters by price and fan, food fadist, fashion buff, hippie or square, specialty, and a fine calendar of events. The daytime sightseer or night-lifer, will find some book is usefully arranged, indexed, and makes guidance to his favorite diversion in New up in the ease with which it can be consulted for the sparsity of some of the information. York City. It's a good quick-reference guidebook, much more informative than many, though not as The City in General much fun. HART, Harold H. Hart's Guide to New York City. 1964, Hart, $7.95, library binding, $9.95 HART,Harold H. New York City Dining nnd net. Entertninment. Hart, 1964, $1.95, paper. A popular standard, Hart's Guide offers Another of the Hart by-products, this one just over 1,400 pages (if you count a dozen provides fuller reports on some forty bars, at the end labelled "notes") of encyclopedic forty-eight cocktail lounges, fifteen coffee data on the city. The more than two hundred houses, six ice cream parlors, 116 nightclubs, alphabetically arranged sections of the book 462 restaurants, and sixteen snack bars. After listings by cuisine, price, and location, and lists place in many a tourist purse or suitcase. In of those which offer free parking, outdoor din- 626 pages crammed with type, the book has ing, or are open either all night or until 3 A.M., twenty-two sections, beginning with "New there are full reports on each. The reports give York: a World of Water" that describes the the name, address, capacity, phone number, various islands that make up the city, its hours, and a brief judgement as to the food, bridges, tunnels, ferries, piers and ships, tug- prices, and the specialties of each. Symbols boats, and tours afloat, and ending with the show which credit cards are acceptable. For World's Fair that seems so long ago. A fine the gourmet or the "all-you-can-eat" conven- section on "Entertainment and Tours" lists tioneer, a good buy. everything from night court and outdoor sum- mer concerts, to amusement parks and motor trips to nearby attractions. Prices in the cuisine SIMON, Hilda. Hart's Maps of New York section may have gone up some by now, but City. Hart, 1964, $1.00, paper. they offer valid comparisons. There's a good For a buck, these enlargements of the maps section on shopping that covers everything in Hdrt'~Guide are clear and informative. All from lace to books. Some of the special fea- five boroughs are covered by sectional maps tures are a list of buildings five hundred or indicating streets and house numbers. The more feet tall, ten pages on the City's libraries maps of important streets in Manhattan show (most of which are special), and a tabular the important shops and buildings. There is listing of hotels with phone numbers, ad- also a special tourist's map of Manhattan and dresses, and the rates for various rooms. The the subway system. Unfortunately, each page book cou!d be a little easier to use, although is about 11" x 13", and it would be difficult the detailed table of contents is some help. to carry around while touring. Either tear the There is an index of people mentioned in the " pages out of their spiral binding or plot your text which isn't much help to the visitor, but course beforehand. it suggests an additional feature of Key to New York: it has received (and they are printed throughout the text) letters of en- HEPBURN,Andrew. Complete Guide to New dorsement from a great many of the city's York City. Doubleday, 1966, $1.95, paper. notables. An adequate, though not unusual guide, part of the American Travel Series. Manhat- tan is given detailed treatment in seven sec- Penny Pinchers tions devoted to its neighborhoods. Good FELDMAN,Joan and KETAY, Norma. New strip maps of each area show streets, major York on $5 A Day. Frommer, 1966, $1.95, buildings, and some of the other attractions. paper. There are more descriptions of skyscrapers Whether or not you are interested in seek- than in other guides, plus tables summarizing ing out the $2 dresses or $1 dinners, or free the "good places to eat" in each section of movies, this guide demonstrates that the rich- - town. Toward the end of the book long sec- ness of New York is in its variety, versatility, tions listing hotels and restaurants give such and availability. There are six different "Do details as decor, specialties, hours, rates for It Yourself Tours" taking you from Coney hotels, and restaurant prices as "inexpensive, Island to the Cloisters and everything in be- moderate, moderately expensive, expensive, tween, with information on the proper- - public and very expensive." The restaurant section transportation and entrances aid exits. One carries lists of restaurants by cuisine. Other chapter lists the sixty best things to do for boroughs are covered more briefly than Man- free including television shows, lectures, - hattan, but all the major attractions for sight- sports, industrial exhibits, which even the seers are both listed and described. The index most affluent would find exciting. Some res- is incomplete, but the book's arrangement taurants (such as Tad's) save money but add helps some. There is plenty here for most grease; others listed (Paddy's Clam House for tourists. seafood) are the best for any price, and the suggestions on where to find the free hors d'oeut~res offer good snacking for anyone. ' ROBOTTI,Frances D. Key to New York: Em- There is advice here for shoppers and descrip- pire City. 1964, Fountainhead, $2.95, paper. tions of the night spots; Greek belly dancers Although produced with a plethora of to yodeling contests in Yorkville. A valuable others, to capitalize on the New York World's guide that fits easily into a back pocket, or a Fair, the Robotti guide has earned itself a librarian's expense account. FROMMER,Arthur and HAMMEL,Faye. Arthur Fromnzer's Dolhr-Wise Gaide to New York. Frommer, 1966, $1.00, paper. Published in cooperation with American Airlines, the Dollrlr-Wise Gzlide offers a standard fare of hotels, restaurants, sightseeing tours and places, evening and late-night entertainment, shopping, children's attractions, and excursions out of town. In some cases the descriptions are more in detail (as with amateur night at the Apollo), but the special feature of this guide is its careful recitation of exact prices and price ranges. The writing is strictly for information, the typography badly crowded, but the information is solid and detailed. Unfortunately, no index helps the tourist find his way through this guidebook. A center section of photos (undistinguished), and a dozen discount tickets to various places "worth up to $40," but not for the one-week visitor to New York City since some are for events in Niagara Falls, Stratford, Connecti- cut, and day-long excursion trips. There is more than a dollar's worth here, but it will be hard to dig out. Behan and New York. It is a lovely book that will delight fans of the lusty Irishman and the WEISSMAN,Paul. , Neu~York Shopper's Di- gest. Taplinger, 1965, $1.50, paper. teeming city that he loved. Some will find a pilgrimage to make in Behan's last tour of For the bargain hunter these nine chapters New York. Says Behan: "I'm not afraid to give the name, address, phone number, mer- admit that New York is the greatest city chandise specialties, and prices (those actually on the face of God's earth. You only have to tagged on the merchandise) in hundreds of look at it, from the air, from the river, from stores. Chapters include women's wear, gifts Father Duffy's statue. New York is easily for women (including good coverage of New recognizable as the greatest city in the world, York's famed Diamond Exchange and a com- view it any way and every way-back, belly, parison price list of fifty famous perfumes), and sides." men's wear, goods for children of all ages, toys and games, "for the sportsman and hobbyist," gadgets, housewares, lists of auc- WILSON, Earl. Earl Wilson's New York. tion galleries, and outstanding department and Simon and Schuster, 1964, $4.95. specialty stores. The short index makes fas- A slick, journalese view of low and high cinating reading in itself for the variety of life by the columnist who writes "It Happened merchandise it mentions, everything from al- Last Night" for U.S. papers. The book is as timeters to electric yogurt makers. Gift sug- much Wilson as it is New York, laced with gestions for everyone back home and where dropped names, favorite haunts, and private to find them. diversions. Still, there is some important advice on handling the native cabdriver, waiter, Celebrity Guides or maitre d'. Good material on tipping, on New York's linguistic idiosyncracies, on the BEHAN, Brendan. Brendan Behan'~ New "don'ts" for tourists, and an amusing and in- York. With drawings by Paul Hogarth. formative chapter called "Fascinating Facets" Bernard Geis, 1964, $5.95. full of that special information that every Behan loved New York. Here he writes af- New Yorker proudly collects: vacant apart- fectionately about all he knew, and that was ments, Hammacher Schlemmer, night court, a lot. Paul Hogarth's drawings are superb, and the flea market. Brief restaurant reports, and capture the city in the way that you will some tips on various neighborhoods, a section want to remember it. Not a guidebook, this is on "moling" (exploring the miles of under- one you might want to buy as a souvenir of ground passages in New York), and a lot that is available in all the guidebooks. Wilson and gaps not found in more prosiac listings is fun to read, although the gossipy style like Hart's. Still it is fun to read, and it would wears thin fast. Most of the information can be great fun to follow some of these experts be garnered from more conventional, easier to around Manhattan. use, standard guidebooks. There are a few tid- bits known only to Earl, but they are not NEW YORK HERALDTRIBUNE, New York, worth $4.95. New York. Dial, 1964, $4.50. Most of the authors in this little non-guide- GARDNER,Hy. Hy Gardner's Offbeat Guide to book have moved from the old Trib to the New York. Grossett, 1964, $2.95, paper. new World Journal Tribune. Each writes a Compared with a couple of others in this short essay in his own style on his own fa- list, Hy Gardner'~Guide is not really offbeat. vorite New York activity. "The Big-League Like Wilson, Gardner's view of New York is Complex" by Tom Wolfe, angry young effete syndicated to U.S. papers, and suffers from of the WJT, is a combination put-down and the same journalistic cuteness. The book has mood piece on the New York personality. lots of photos, and they are, for the most part, Walter Kerr writes an impassioned plea for interesting and different, if not models of personal choice in theater, for choosing the composition. Gardner emphasizes the girlies, play you want to see, by yourself, and being whose busts, backsides, and bellies, close-up animated in your pleasure or dissatisfaction and in chorus lines appear on nearly every with it. There is Judith Crist on movies and page. The information is given in brief, stac- nightclubs; Emily Genauer on museums, art, cato bursts, especially in the restaurant chap- and galleries; Maurice Dolbier on the literary ter, and Gardner, like other columnists, is im- scene with its cocktail parties, awards, re- pressed with celebrities. Big names in and out viewers, and bookstores; Eugenia Sheppard on of showbiz turn up often. To make the ram- fashion and the industry it built; Red Smith bling picture tour more useful a brief list of on sports; and a final section called "Gour- places and addresses is appended to the text. mets' Choice" by Clementine Paddleford There are bits of new data here, good sections which offers a good, though expensive choice on TV, the garment center, bars, and night- of restaurants, written with the familiarity clubs. This is not a reference book, however, that only she could bring. New York, New and the one-week conventioneer might prefer York is not really a guidebook; it is a collec- more indexes, more lists, some maps, and tion of tours de force and opinion mixed with some real evaluations and prices, instead of some specific data. A good book to read be- the personalized opinions of the columnist. fore you arrive on the scene.

KOUWENHOVEN,John A. The New York For New Natives Guidebook. 1964, Dell, $.95, paper. (with some secrets for tourists) A bargain, though not as listy as most. The HAMMEL,Faye. The Aladenroirelle Career Guidebook is special because it costs only 95 Girl's Guide to New York. Dial, 1962, $4.95. cents, but more important it is built out of If you are recruited to work in one of the articles by specially commissioned expertlce- hundreds of special libraries during the Con- lebrities such as R. Buckminster Fuller on vention, you may want to pick up a copy of "New York as a Focus of Energy," Arlene the Mademoiselle Guide. It is designed to pro- Francis' advice on spending time while your vide a basic orientation for the new New husband is busy, Elizabeth Dunn's shopping Yorker who is full of expectation and trepida- tips, insomniac Jean Shepherd's post-midnight tion. The minute and overwhelming problems strolls, Red Smith on "Sports and Games," of settling down in the city: finding apart- and librarian Albert Baragwanath's fascinat- ments, friends, a social, cultural, or athletic ing piece on the origin of New York place life, fashion for your budget, and shoestring names. There are most of the usual listings cuisine are all covered. These details will after each of these prose tours, and the sec- make interesting background reading for the tions on restaurants give briefly much useful one-week conventioneer, and the Guide also ' information which sometimes includes relative describes continuing activities, political meet- prices. The map section by Sigman-Ward is ings to visit, afternoons of bicycle riding, that especially helpful, as is Anne Stephen's chap- might offer respite from the usual sightseeing ter on tours. This is a guidebook by big names, and touring. Off-Broadway and off-Off-Broad- and has the disadvantages of personal tastes way theaters, museums, libraries, and concert halls are also described, though newspapers tots, or the room is big enough for a crib and will have to be consulted for their current ex- your bed, Miss Hamilton tells you so. For hibits or shows. Highly serviceable for the conventioneers bringing the spouse and off- neophyte career girl or new resident, the Guide spring along to SLA, here is help. has a lot that is irrelevant to the tourist. Still it's worth browsing in for a little different POLNER,Murray and BARRON,Arthur. Where view of New York's attractions. Shall We Take the Kids? Doubleday, 1961, $2.50, paper. TAUBER,Gilbert and KAPLAN,Samuel. The If you bring the children to SLA, you New York City Handbook. Doubleday, 1966, should really have this guide or Seena Hamil- $3.95, paper. ton's. Both are aimed at making the trip This Doubleday entry in the guidebook pleasant for young and old, together. This one market is one of the newest, and is written is really loaded with advice on keeping the from a unique point of view: "The premise kids happy while you enjoy the city. The of this book is that New York City is a great restaurants are chosen because they are noisy place to live." Designed for natives and new- ("the louder the better"), full of distractions, comers, the book is supposed to save the New offer fast service, and in some cases "go all Yorker time, trouble, and money as he deals out to make things pleasant for kids." Any- with the city's everyday problems. For this one who has been through the trauma of reason the book is not totally relevant to the children mixed with a nervous maitre d' and a one-week SLA conventioneer, but there is in- quiet, candlelight setting will welcome these side information that is useful for anyone. For suggestions. The amusements are chosen to be instance: two dozen free tours and exhibits are interesting for young and old, and include listed and described; annual events such as the tours of dairies, candy makers, the tops of outdoor art show in Greenwich Village are several skyscrapers, bustling markets, tech- listed by the month and dates; good, though nological exhibitions, zoos, collector's and unspecific, advice on eating out, shopping, and hobbyist's hangouts, and assorted parks and entertainment; a section on "Exploring on amusement parks. There are bus, train, plane, Foot" with good advice for hikers and am- and other rides, plus a calendar of annual bulatory serendipitors. For those who want to events for children with plenty in late May know more about the city the Handbook is and early June. This is the best of the kiddie packed with information not available in other guidebooks, although it could be more up to such manuals. For tourists there is something, date. for New Yorkers a great deal, for special library conventioneers best as background ma- The Village terial and for a few bits of money-saving advice. BRYANT, Beth. The New Inside Guide to Greenzuich Village. Oak, 1965, $1.00, paper. Togetherness (kids and all) The Village is either the hippiest or the phoniest place in New York. Actually either HAMILTON,Seena. New York on the Family description is probably off target, as Beth Plan. Random, 1965, $1.95, paper. Bryant's guide successfully points out. She The subway fare has gone up, but most of gets under the facade of modish boys, and what Seena Hamilton has to say about visiting boyish girls, to some of the attractions that a New York with the wife and kids (or hus- tourist wandering around the Washington band and kids) is still valid. Her advice on Square area might miss, or pass by without planning the trip, baby sitters, doctors, drug- looking in. The sections of this sixty-five-page gists, diapers, and directories is especially good booklet are devoted to art (galleries, supplies, though brief. The selection of hotels notes and exhibits), bar/restaurants, books, coffee- those with family plans, and the restaurants houses, concerts, dance, festivals, films, folk- listed may not welcome the kids, but they music, happenings, jazz, kids, opera, night- won't throw you out. Her secrets of sightsee- clubs, peace, photography, play, poetry, ing with children really work, and the places theater, and a good section of walking tours she chooses will delight both juniors and sen- (some of the easiest in town because you don't iors. Most places and sights are listed with have to walk too far, and there's really no prices and addresses, and have been selected other way to see the Village). The chapter on with the whole family in mind. When the "Pornographylpot" is, unfortunately, half portions are large enough to share with your out-of-date because Ed Sanders' Peace Eye Book Store has been closed by the authorities, leads to the listings by subject and name, so but this is a minor matter of time, probably you can find what you want here anytime of one of many, in this guide to the city's most the night. Ideal for insomniacs. famous neighborhood. The descriptions are detailed and personal. The selections are dif- Further Out ferent and designed to get you into the real PETRONIUS,pseud. Nezu York Ueespzrrgnted. Village. Whether it's poetry readings in a loft, Matrix, 1966, $4.95. folk singing in the park, or sidewalk cafes, the Village sightseer can find them in Beth "An amoral guide for the jaded, tired, evil, Bryant's little book. non-conforming, corrupt, condemned, and the curious. . . ." A glance at the contents page MCDARRAH,Fred. Greenwich Village. Corinth, gives you the clue to the information pro- 1963, $1.45, paper. vided in this far-out grub street guide to New York: "Pick up and make-out spots," "The Introduced by David Boroff, this testimonial dirty old man," "Staring, peeping, spying," to the Village begins with a brief historical "Evils of the City," and even some "After- sketch, then wanders in varying detail through thoughts." The book is, unfortunately, no the rest of the area. The trip covers streets, joke, and anyone who wants to see the fes- monuments, schools, colleges, theaters, resi- tering underside of the city will find his way dents and their homes, churches, taverns, bars, with Petronius' guidance. Not recommended and nightspots. Each is accorded a short his- for the squeamish tourist, or for those who torical treatment, and some current descrip- want to remember New York as a glittering tion. Not a conventional guidebook, its "fun city." But for the conventioneer who has strength is in its historical treatment of the seen that side of Gotham, this will introduce Village, leaving such data as prices and so on him to the whereabouts of hookers, homo- to others. There is a listing by type of place sexuals, orgiasts, and assorted low-lifers. This at the end, along with a map of the area. The one is really offbeat. Caseat Emptor! pictures are as interesting as the text. The major shortcoming of Greenwich Vjlinge is JOHN N. BERRYI11 its enthusiasm for living and seeing the place. R. R. Bowker Company, New York There is no mention of the fact that in addi- Publicity Chairman, 58th Annual Convention tion to all of its niceties, the unwary tourist can be as badly taken in (or worse) here as in any other part of town. In recent years the heart of the Village has been taken over by youngsters and -weekend hippies, who go home to New Jersey or the Bronx after milling about the coffeehouse area in great crowds on weekend nights.

Far Out The Night people'^ Guide to hTen York. (A Darien House Project) Bantam, 1965, $1.00, paper. After an introduction by one of New York's SLA Convention 1967 best-known night people, Jean Shepherd, there is an index of nearly twenty pages to this un- May 28-June 1 usual guide to evening, late-night, and all- Hotel Commodore night services and sights in the city. The text itself is handily arranged by neighborhood New York, New York (the Commodore is easily accessible to Mid- town and East Side Midtown), with a brief ADVANCE REGISTRATION information has introduction to each followed by a long listing been sent to all SLA members. Deadline for by specialty (apparel, barber shops, book advance registration is May 8. If you have stores, bakeries, bowling, newsstands, restaurants, etc.) of the establishments. For each the not received your Convention information closing time leads the entry, then the specialty packet and registration form, write to Asso- within a specialty, then name, address, and a ciation Headquarters, and the materials will brief annotation about the place. The index be sent to you promptly. Government and Libraries

istration, financing, and interlibrary cooperation. All of this has behind it the blessing INETEEN-SIXTY-SEVENis Centennial and the authorization of two very important N Year in Canada. July 1, 1967, will be bodies in the field of research: The Associa- our 100th birthday. As our Prime Minister tion of Universities and Colleges and its as- stated in his Centennial message to the na- sociate group, The Canadian Association of tion, "It is a time to measure the achievements College dnd University Libraries. of our past; it is a time to face with confi- Ontario's St. John report was contracted for dence the test and opportunities of the fu- by the Ontario Library Association with the ture; it is a time to assess our national con- Francis R. St. John Library Consultants Inc. dition." of New York. It is titled "A Survey of Li- So Canada has been doing some soul braries in the Province of Ontario 1965." searching. Preparations have gone ahead at a Copies may be obtained from Ontario Library furious rate for all kinds of Centennial proj- Association, 2487 Bloor St. West, Toronto ects and celebrations, not the least of which 9, Ontario, Canada, at $2.00 a copy. Chapter will be EXPO, the great world's fair open- 7 deals specifically with government and ing in Montreal in April 1967. special libraries and the recommendations will In the course of all this measuring, assess- de found on page 123. These include sug- ing, and testing, Canada's libraries have not gestions for a system of depository libraries been overlooked. The situation has suddenly for the provincial government publications, erupted into a rash of surveys all across the and centralization of cataloging and classi- nation. These surveys may be the first steps fication of all additions to government towards new legislation. Indeed, one prov- department libraries in a computerized cata- ince (Ontario) already has a new act. On- loging center, in Toronto Public Library. All tario's survey has resulted in the St. John the information so gathered would be fed Report; a similar effort has brought forth into a bibliographic bank, also at Toronto the Vainstein Report in British Columbia; Public Library, for the use of all libraries in while Saskatchewan has just announced the Ontario. Special libraries would be expected establishment of the Library Inquiry Com- to feed information on holdings and addi- mittee under Judge Peter S. Deis. The Ca- tions into the proposed bibliographic bank, nadian Library Association has set up a com- and thus become part of the total provincial mittee to define the terms of reference and network of library resources on a reciprocal find methods of financing a Canada-wide basis. survey of library resources. Meantime, the Already legislation has been passed by the Downs committee is in the midst of a survey Ontario legislature, to come into effect Janu- of Canada's academic resources. ary 1967. It is basic legislation which the Perhaps the most important of these, from Ontario Library Association regards as in- the point of view of the special libraries, is terim to improve as quickly as possible some the Downs survey, a Canada-wide study of serious inadequacies in library services. Pro- academic libraries being done now by a team fessional librarians all over the province are under the guidance of Dr. R. B. Downs, studying the St. John report and will prob- Dean of Library Administration at the Uni- ably have something to say about future versity of Illinois. This promises to be the amendments. most important and extensive survey at- British Columbia Library Association at tempted to date in Canada to evaluate our its fall meeting passed a resolution fully en- resources for research in all fields. It is de- dorsing the Vainstein report, which is the scribed as a comprehensive study of Canadian result of a two-year survey of public libraries university library resources and facilities. in British Columbia by Rose Vainstein. This The recommendations will concern future report is too new to have any legislative development of these, while touching upon results, but the initial reception has been favor- academic library techniques, service, admin- able. It too has a chapter on reference services and specialized resources. Special librar- survey of resources indicated a need for this. ians may be interested in another develop- All in all, 1966 looked like a good year ment at this same fall meeting of the British for Canadian libraries, and after all the in- Columbia Library Association. A Special Li- ventories have come in, with their attendant braries Committee was formed with Miss recommendations and possible legislation, it Eleanor Haydock as chairman, to study the might be worthwhile taking another look at possibility of publishing, in conjunction with library laws in Canada. the British Columbia Research Council and OLIVEGOUTHREAU the National Research Council of Canada, a Library of Parliament union list of scientific periodicals in the spe- Lecturer, University of Ottawa Library School cial libraries in British Columbia. A recent Ottawa, Canada

A New Era for Librarian-Publisher Relations? OWN THROUGH the dark, distant years any and all publishers, whether American or D of the past what librarian at one time foreign, commercial or non-commercial, book or another hasn't vowed to take typewriter publishers or periodical publishers. in hand (so to speak) and dash off a volatile The Committee cannot properly reflect the letter to some publisher because of some in- needs and wishes of the Association unless cident or practice that set off the chain reac- members keep it informed of their views tion in the library? And what publisher and problems. Thus SLA'ers are urged to get hasn't shaken his head in perplexity over in touch with any of the Committee mem- some of the things which we librarians do or bers when the need arises, choosing the mem- want? Need this state of "never the twain ber whose area of responsibility best suits the shall meet" continue through the years ahead problem involved. to be the common fate of librarians and publishers? "No," says SLA, "not if we can Committee Members help it." For SLA has just formed a new Mr. Ellis Mount (Chairman), Physical Sciences committee whose main goal is to promote and Engineering (also general matters cov- suitable means of bringing publishers and ering all fields) special librarians together to talk over their Engineering Library differences and arrive at solutions to the 422 S.W. Mudd Building many mutual problems which they have. Columbia University The new committee first saw the light of New York, New York 10027 day at the SLA Board meeting held in Mr. Clifford R. Johnson, Social Sciences Houston in January 1967, and it was chris- Project URBANDOC tened the Publisher Relations Committee. Room 608, City University of New York The members of the new committee will also 33 West 42nd Street automatically constitute the SLA members of New York, New York 10036 the ABPC-SLA Joint Committee which was Miss Mary McNierney, Business and Finance formed about two years ago for the purpose Bache & Company of a regular exchange of views with those 36 Wall Street, Room 1115 publishers who are members of the American New York, New York 10005 Book Publishers Council. An outgrowth of Mrs. Gerd Muehsam, Fine Arts this joint committee was the joint adoption Supervising Art Librarian in May 1966 of "Recommended Practices for Donnell Library Center the Advertising and Promotion of Books 20 West 53rd Street (printed in Special Libraries, September New York, New York 10019 1966, page 507). The nurturing of this re- Mrs. Katherine Owen, Life Sciences and Medi- lationship with book publishers will be one cine of the important duties of the Publisher Re- Warner-Lambert Research Institute lations Committee. However, their new as- 170 Tabor Road signment will also allow them to deal with Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950 186 This Wo~ksfor UJ . . . The Perfect Employee card. The only other way readily available Would you be interested in a truly excel- was to prepare duplimats and have the basic lent employee who is always cooperative, an cards reproduced. Usually, because of a low untiring worker, and who, above all, will priority for this work, two or three weeks never make an error if the correct informa- elapsed before their return, and the headings tion is given in the first place ? still had to be added. This versatile "employee" is the new mag- The magnetic tape typewriter now permits netic tape typewriter that has solved the the information for the basic card to be of repetitive typing. The typed and stored on one tape, and the sub- standard typing unit can be provided with a ject and other headings on the other tape. library keyboard if desired. There are two Only one proofreading is needed. Spelling tape stations that search and adjust. All typ- errors can be corrected by merely typing over ing production can be stored in magnetic the error, eliminating erasures. If a word or tape cartridges, each of which has a 24,000 words have been omitted, the typist simply character capacity. Within seconds this infor- plays out the material on the tape, down to mation can be automatically scanned, se- the error, corrects, and then goes on. Here, lected, and typed out. mechanization takes over; the machine auto- Prior to the acquisition of the magnetic matically does all the typing of the basic tape typewriter, when 3 x 5 cards for our card and each heading on a 3 x 5 continuous document catalog files were typed manually, blank form, completely unattended by the only three of the basic cards could be made typist. at one time to achieve complete legibility and As the typist processes the index cards, durability. Each typing had to be proofread one extra is made. On this is noted the num- and no erasures were allowed, since the cata- ber of the tape on which this information is log has been a source of pride and joy for stored. These cards are held aside until one over forty years. After completing ail -basic of the librarians is ready for them. When cards, author heading, subject headings, and they are arranged manually according to new so on, had to be typed at the top of each accessions received, subject criteria headings

1 Document BY HAND (3 CARDS BY MAGNETIC A TYPING) BY DUPLIMAT TAPETYPEWRITER Typing and 40 minutes 2 minutes 5 minutes proofread- to type information ing basic on the two tapes cards Type headings 20 minutes 20 minutes 40 minutes to have on basic all basic and head- cards ings typed on automatically and unattended Time lost 0 minutes 2 weeks 0 minutes waiting for duplimat reproduction

All time 60 minutes 2 2 minutes plus 5 minutes plus taken 2 weeks waiting 40 minutes waiting time time MARCH 1967 187 (such as Chemical and Physical, Medical and volun~eresume for binding purposes of its ir Toxicological, and the like), again the ma- regularly published ~mitb;o&t? contriGutions chine takes over, searching the tapes and to axtvopbysics. The following outline is sub- typing all the information automatically on mitted in an effort to meet this need. a duplimat. v. 1 consists of nos. 1-2 Use of this typewriter for typing draft v. 2 consists of nos. 1-13 copies of reports and other material requir- v. 3 consists of nos. 1-9 ing changes and revision has proved to be v. 4 consists of nos. 1-6 so efficient that a second one has been ac- v. 5 consists of nos. 1-15 v. 6 is complete in a single number quired for our book cataloging section. v. 7 is complete in a single number Persons chosen to receive the four-day v. 8 consists of nos. 1-9 training course should have average or above v. 9 is complete in a single number average typing speed and skill (at least 55- 60 words a minute), since the volume of Title pages, tables of contents and indices input depends solely on the typist's ability. are not available. Beginning with volume 8 the last number in each volume has been desig- An intelligent and imaginative operator will nated "last number in volurne." This practice find unlimited possibilities for new applica- will continue. Until such a number is received, tions and fullest utilization of this modern assume that the volume is incomplete. device. And what strange power it possesses ELIZABETHH. WEEKS,Librarian I do not know, but the typist has developed Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory a great attachment and fierce loyalty to it! Cambridge, Massachusetts MARGARETB. THORNTON, Assistant Librarian Technical Library, 1967 Technical Support Directorate NATIONAL LIBRARY WEEK Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

May I add my comments to those expressed by Mr. Rochlin (Special Librariex, December 1966). W; too bought duplicate material because of advertising claims. In addition to the cases cited by Mr. Rochlin, we very often receive flyers advertising technical books with no indication of date of publication. We're left to wonder whether these are new editions or whether a publisher is cleaning out old stock. Since publishers' catalogs are not always up to date, this cannot be checked easily. We have two alternatives, waste time or waste money. JOANL. GALLAGHER,Librarian

American Cyanamid Company National Library Week. April 16 to 22.1967 Organic Chemicals Division Bound Brook, New Jersey AN OPEN-END STORY on "Libraries in the Elec- tronic Age" written especially for SLA members by L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Con- SMITHSONIANCONTRIBUTIONS TO gress, has been prepared for National Library ASTROPHYSICS Week. Designed for publication in company The Library of the Smithsonian Institution's house organs and local newspapers, the story Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Mas- is available on request from Association Head- sachusetts, is frequently asked by libraries for a quarters. Hdve Yon Hedrd. . .

New Jersey SLA to Hold Workshop providing the Commission with expert advice The SLA of New Jersey will hold a work- from large municipal public libraries, state shop "Report Literature and Sources of In- libraries, public school libraries, and law li- formation" on April 5. The following four braries. One of the new members is Emerson topics will be presented and discussed: The Greenaway, Director of the Free Library of Work of the Science Information Exchange, Philadelphia, and an active member in the Washington, D. C.; Data Centers and In- Philadelphia SLA Chapter. formation Centers ; Indexing and Thesauri ; and Searching and Retrieval of Report Liter- Interlibrary Loan Code Revision ature. The preregistration fee of $7 must be The Reference Services Division Interlibrary received on or before March 15, the registra- Loan Committee, in cooperation with the tion fee after that date is $9. Checks should ARL Committee on Availability of Re- be sent to Miss Judith C. Leondar, 734 Park sources, is studying the question of the need Ave., Plainfield, New Jersey 07060. Miss for revision of the ALA Interlibrary Loan Leondar will also provide further and more Code. The Committee invites comments from detailed information upon request. interested librarians, and suggests that all such comments refer to appropriate sections SLA Joint Chapter Meeting of the present Code. Copies of the Code may "Changing Face of Special Libraries" will be obtained from Bro-Dart, Demco, and be the theme on April 7-8, when the Cincin- Gaylord. nati-Cleveland-Dayton-Iliinois-Indiana-Mich- The Committee calls attention to the fact igan-Pittsburgh-Toronto-Wisconsin SLA that the Interlibrary Loan Code is intended to Chapters meet in Warren, Michigan. Theo- regulate borrowing between libraries on the dore A. Rupprecht, Supervisor, Library Serv- national level, and that it recognizes "the ices, Bendix Corporation, Research Labora- formulation of special codes, which would tories Division, Southfield, Michigan 48075 widen and extend [its] purpose and scope." will provide meeting program and additional information upon request. Registration fee is Council on Biological Sciences $15 per person. Information Established A recent National Science Foundation grant Mildred L. Batchelder to Be Honored of $50,000 will help support the formation Mildred L. Batchelder, former Executive and initial phases of the council on Bio- Secretary, Children's Services Division of logical Sciences Information sponsored by the American Library Association will re- the Division of Biology and Agriculture of ceive the Constance Lindsay Skinner Award the National Research Council. The new from the Women's National Book Associa- Council will work closely with the Commit- tion at a banquet to be held in Chicago on tee on Scientific and Technical Communica- May 18. tion of the National Academy of Sciences The Constance Lindsay Skinner Award, and the National Academy of Engineering. established in 1940 in memory of a historian It will function through a board of twelve and novelist of pioneer life in America, is directors one of whom is Foster Mohrhardt given annually to a living American woman of the National Agricultural Library and an for her extraordinary contribution to books active SLA member. and to American culture through books. SPECIAL COURSES New Members Appointed to NACL THE AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION Six new members were recently appointed to will conduct an Institute on Library Service the National Advisory Commission on Li- in collaboration with the Catholic Hospital braries bringing it up to full strength and Association, and tly Center for Hospital Continuing Education and Medical Center the health sciences. Six stipends of $2,400, Library, University of Alabama. The Insti- plus dependence allowance and full payment tute will be held in Birmingham, Alabama, of fees will be available. In addition to April 10-14; its purpose is to teach the basic courses in information retrieval systems, li- elements of librarianship and to broaden the brary automation, and information centers student's horizon to local, state and national and services, trainees will be offered a spe- library resources. cialized sub-curriculum covering the objectives, organization and functions of the sev- UNIVERSITYOF DENVERGRADUATE SCHOOL eral types of health science libraries. OF LIBRARIANSHIPwill direct a workshop from July 10 to 28 on the care, binding, and WASHINGTONUNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MED- repair of books and the basic principles of ICINE LIBRARYhas been awarded a USPHS preserving historical documents. grant to train three librarians each year in the use of computers in libraries. In 1966/67 and 1967/68 the stipend allowed was $5,500 New Clearinghouse Document Sales per year. The training program includes in- System struction in computer technology, the bio- A new single price/coupon system for the sale medical sciences, mathematics, linguistics, of U. S. government-sponsored research and and user psychology. The program runs for development reports took effect on January 1, a full calendar year usually starting in Sep- 1967. The new single price being introduced by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and tember. Technical Information of the National Bureau WAYNESTATE UNIVERSITYMEDICAL LI- of Standards is below the previous average BRARY announces a fellowship program in price of documents sold. Eficiencies in order processing resulting from the new system make Medical Librarianship to be supported in part the lower price possible. The new price applies by the U.S. Public Health Service. Two 12- to previously announced as well as new docu- month fellowships of $5,500 each will be ments. The new Clearinghouse pricing policy awarded beginning July, August, or Septem- is a change from a sliding price scale based on ber 1967. The program is designed as post- document size to a single price for documents graduate education to obtain experience in sold. The new document price for a paper copy the technical operation of biomedical libraries (hard copy) is $3.00. A microfiche copy costs as exemplified by the Detroit medical library 65 cents per document. The document coupon network. is a tabulating card with a face value of the purchase price of a Clearinghouse document. The coupon serves as the method of payment, MEMBERS IN THE NEWS order form, and shipping label. Coupons for - paper copies of documents will sell at $3.00 JANEF. BRISLIN,a library specialist in scien- each or a book of 10 coupons for $30.00. Cou- tific and technical literature, has joined the pons for microfiche copies will be sold in books Graphic Arts Technical Foundation as as- of 50 coupons for $32.50. Coupons will be sistant librarian. Prior to joining GAETs available for sale about February 15, 1967. Technical Information Division, Miss Bris- Certain reports, such as those available from lin was a Junior Fellow at Mellon Institute. the superintendent of Documents, are priced She also worked as a research associate at the - as individually announced by the Clearing- University of Pittsburgh, Department of house rather than at the new single price. The Dental Research. single price does not apply to multiple copy orders of a single document. KENNETHD. CARROLL,formerly manager of Technical Information Services at Xerox GRANTS FOR TRAINING Corporation, has been appointed Director of PROGRAMS the Clearinghouse of Harvard's Center for . Research and Development on Educational WESTERNRESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF Differences. He is also Assistant Librarian of LIBRARYSCIENCE has received a five-year the Harvard Graduate School of Education. $377,915 grant from the U.S. Public Health Service to initiate a training program of JAY E. DAILY was appointed Associate Pro- medical librarianship and communication in fessor of Library Science at the Graduate School of Library and Information Sciences, ELIZABETHM. WALKEY,Library Service University of Pittsburgh, to take charge of Manager at Bell & Howell Research Center, the program of instruction and research in gave a talk on "Opportunities for Profes- technical services. Prior to his appointment sional Women in Technical Fields" before he worked as Assistant Director for Tech- the Chemical Industty Council in Los An- nical Services and Collection Development geles. CIC is a group of local businessmen in the University of Pittsburgh Library. attached to the Manufacturing Chemists As- sociation. HOWARDHAYCRAFT has been elected to the newly created post of Chairman of the Board JACQUELINEWINDLER, Director of Library of Directors of the H. W. Wilson Company, Services at Catholic Hospital Association New York. He joined H. W. Wilson in Central Office, St. Louis was one of several 1929, became Vice-president in 1940, and association staff members to be honored at was elected President and Treasurer in 1953. the Employees' Award Dinner held at the In 1966 Mr. Haycraft became the first re- central office. Miss Windler has completed cipient of the ALA's Francis Joseph Camp- ten years' service with C.H.A. bell Medal and Citation for contributions to library service for the blind. In Memoriam HARVEYMARRON, former Associate Director LAURAM. MARQUIS,Librarian of Mellon of the Smithsonian Institution's Science In- National Bank and Trust Company, Pitts- formation Exchange, has been named Di- burgh, since 1943, died on February 4, 1967. rector of the Educational Research Informa- Miss Marquis was Vice-president of the Pitts- tion Center (ERIC) in the U.S. Office of burgh SLA Chapter from 1935-1936 and Education. active in SLA committees since 1933. She was Chairman of the Hospitality Committee JAMESH. OLSEN,former Reference Librar- when the 1956 SLA convention met in ian at Lehigh University, has been promoted Pittsburgh. to Assistant Librarian-Readers' Service at the university. Before coming to Lehigh he served as Senior Technical Editor, Aerospace Technology Division, Reference Department, Names, Please at the Library of Congress. The SLA's Nominating Committee's THEODORED. PHILLIPS,formerly Library task is vital to the life of the Associa- Manager, Systems Development Division, tion. To fulfill its task it is calling on IBM Corporation, San Jose, California, has the help of all SLA members. been appointed Assistant Chief Librarian, The Committee represents various Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Can- geographic areas and professional in- ada. terests, but even so its acquaintance MURRAYROGOFSKY, formerly Documental- with potential candidates for elective ist, Xerox Corporation, Rochester, New office is limited. Each Association mem- York, recently joined the Information Man- ber is called on to take some minutes, agement Department, Vitro Laboratories, as at least, to cast about in his memory for Chief Librarian. He will be working on good names, and propose those names projects to improve and automate library for national office. systems of Vitro customers. Suggested nominations for 1968-69 (including President-Elect, member of L. DOLORESRYAN, formerly Head Refer- the Board of Directors, and Chairman- ence Librarian at Cleveland State University Elect of the Advisory Council) may be Library, has recently been appointed Under- sent to the 1967-68 Nominating Com- graduate Librarian at that university. Miss mittee Chairman, William S. Budding- Ryan is presently revising her publication ton, The John Crerar Library, 35 West Rudiments of Research, the well-established 33rd St., Chicago, 111. 60616. guide to reference books and other research tools. MARCH1967 Off the Press. , .

BOOK REVIEWS WOOD, Elizabeth Ingerman. Report on Proj- ect History Retrieval. Philadelphia, Pa.: LEWANSKI,Richard C. Subject Collections in Drexel Institute Bookstore, 1966. xiii, 123 p. European Libraries: A Directory and Bib- $3.00. liographicnl Guide. New York: R. R. Bow- ker Co., 1965. xi, 789 p. $25.00. The book covers a pilot project for a special library-museum-archive user potential which Mr. Lewanski, Librarian of the Johns Hop- purportedly will provide a low-cost informa- kins University Bologna Center, has produced tion retrieval system, utilizing a concept of co- a tremendously useful and unique subject ordination principle or coordinate indexing. guide to European libraries. As he modestly The first step in the system is to establish an notes in the ref ace. there is much more to be index using key words or characteristics of per- covered in later editions, but this is an excel- tinent items or documents. From this, a key lent start. card is created for each key word or character- At the outset, Europe is defined in a strict istic and all items are referenced to applicable geographical sense, including Great Britain, key cards by coding the item number into the Iceland, Cyprus, Malta, and Greenland, but key card by use of an encoder. excluding Asiatic Russia and Turkey. Approx- Retrieval is accomplished by superimposing imately six thousand libraries are included in the desired key cards on a lighted viewer and over eight thousand entries. Standards for in- reading off only those codes through which clusionare rigid enough to satisfy most Ameri- light rays are visible. Up to ten thousand can special librarians, and information given items or documents can be encoded on a single is based largely on a questionnaire addressed key card. The system is not prohibitive in cost to individual libraries. and is compact in bulk. To avoid language difficulties, Mr. Lewanski Some of the factors tested were, to some ex- has quite sensibly arranged the volume by the tent, abstract and results appeared to be on Dewey Decimal Classification (16th ed.) the negative side. M.useum objects and photo- rather than by subject headings ~~hichwould graphs came closest to feasibility. Apparently have required either translation or repetition the application to an archival reference or in two or three languages. An abbreviated search proved to be the most frustrating of all. Dewey schedule is provided, with explanation There are known specific areas which do in English, French, and German. lend themselves to such a system of retrieval. Within each class entries are arranged by The project reported in this book was an ex- country. Information for each institution varies ploration in a new field. The book is attrac- somewhat, depending on the completeness of tively designed, printed, and bound. Its con- reply by the answering organization, but gen- tents left me with some misgivings as to the erally the following is given: address, respon- practicability in the various instances of test- sible officer, size and type of collection, rules ing executed, however, the report of findings governing use, micro-filming facilities, and, in is meticulous. some cases, budget. A complete list of abbre- Reading each chapter, one hopes for a posi- viations used in entries permits compactness of tive declaration of the system's efficiency and entry. value to a given situation, but instead, there is The compiler notes that some countries are a letdown with the feeling that results appear attempting to coordinate their acquisitions pol- to be somewhat negative, problematical, and icies, hnd-as examples he notes, in an appen- ephemeral. dix, the British Regional Schemes, the German The several results delineated seem to indi- Sondersammelgebiete, and the Scandia Planen. cate that the scope of the system explored was A subject index in English, French, and Ger- not for the large institution with extensive re- man completes the volume. While it is the sources, but also that it was of questionable least satisfactory section of the work, this application in the smaller unit with limited should not be overemphasized. s& and resources. All in all, this is a fine reference tool, and Even on re-reading the book, one has the we should be grateful to Mr. Lewanski for it. impression that this is a fine exercise in se- DONALDWASSON, Librarian mantics and search mechanics; but as a practi- Foreign Relations Library cal approach to resolving the problems of re- New York, New York trieval in either an archive, museum, or library of even moderate complexity, it falls short. and mailed by Stacey's, the nation's largest Perhaps its greatest value is in establishing that scientific bookseller, to the Bowker list of that which will not suffice is important, and 8,100 university, college, junior college, such a project in negation is success of a kind. medical, technical, business, and large public DOLORESC. RENZE libraries throughout the country. Copies may State Archivist of Colorado be obtained by writing Stacey's, 2575 Han- Denver, Colorado over Street, Palo Alto, California 94304. ASTM 1966 Proceedings New Edition of ASTM Coden The 1966 Proceedings, Volume 66, of the American Society for Testing and Materials is This two-volume, hard cover publication now available. It records the technical accorn- supersedes all previous editions of the plishments of the Society, including a large ASTM Coden for Periodical Titles and con- volume of reports on significant developments tains 38,993 titles. The Coden are imme- in the ASTM technical committees, and a list- diately useful in electronic computer mem- ing of the Special Technical Publications ories of scientific retrieval systems since they (STP's) and Data Series Publications (DS) effectively reduce periodical titles, however published by ASTM during 1966. Also in- long, to five letters. The Coden system pro- cluded are a summary of the proceedings of the ASTM 69th Annual Meeting held in June, vides a standard code for maximum flexi- 1966, and the Annual Report of the Board of bility between periodical retrieval systems Directors; a record of other national and spe- throughout the world by permitting the same cial meetings; district meetings and activities; code to be used in different collections for information on membership gains; honors, the same request. The price of ASTM Coden awards, and lectures; fellowships and grants- is $85.00 (30 per cent discount to ASTM in-aid; and other matters pertaining to the So- members) and copies may be obtained from ciety's activities. An important adjunct is the ASTM Headquarters, 1916 Race Street, subject and author indes to all technical papers Philadelphia, Pa. 19103. and committee reports (exclusive of standards) published in any form during 1966. Copies of the Proceedings may be obtained The World's Largest Publication from ASTM Headquarters, 1916 Race Street, Mansell Information/Publishing Ltd., a Philadelphia, Pa. 19103. Prices if prepaid: component of Universal, Printers Ltd., has $12.00 each; to ASTM members: 30 per cent been selected to publish in book form the discount. National Union Catalog with imprints of JOURNAL NOTES 1955 and earlier. The Catalog, which now exists only as a file of more than 16 million SOVIETPHYSICS-SEMICONDUCTORS, a new cards at LC will, when completed in book complete translation of the USSR Academy form, consist of about 610 volumes, of 704 of Sciences' Fizikn i TekhniRa Polzprovodni- pages each. Editorial cost of preparing the kou, will be published monthly starting July, catalog for press is estimated at well over 1967 by the American Institute of Physics, four million dollars. Full particulars of New York. It will offer original papers and prices, various forms of subscription, and the letters on topics such as transfer phenomena, schedule for the publication will be an- nonequilibrium processes, plasma problems, nounced shortly. A brochure describing these radiation effects and other current problems will be available from Mansell, 360 North of semiconductor physics and semiconductor Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois GOGO1 devices. The new journal is expected to con- and 3 Bloomsbury Place, London W. C. 1, tain translation of some 1900 Russian pages England. annually. Subscriptions are invited by writing Dept. AP, American Institute of Physics, MLW Proceedings 335 East 45th Street, New York, N. Y. 10017. Annual subscription rate is $70.00 The Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Nili- tary Workshop, held October 12- (domestic), $74.00 (foreign). librarian^ 14, 19GG in San Diego, California, are now OFF THE PRESS is a new free service, available. Title of the keynote address was monthly publication for libraries published "Employee Development as a Science and an Art" followed by presentations on "The Cleveland, Ohio: MicroPhoto Division, Bell & Federal Library Mission," "Project ATLIS: Howell Co., 1966. 325 p. pap. $5. Army Technical Library Improvement Stud- A catalog, reproduced by the Duopage process, containing volumes selected from the White col- ies," "Project LEX: Department of Defense- lection of more than 100,000 titles in the fields of wide Technical Thesaurus," and "Are Li- folklore, orientalia, and chess. brarians Different?" SLA members Robert QUIGG,P. J. Theory of Cataloguing. New York: Severance, Carolyn J. Kruse, Paul Howard, Philosophical Library, 1966. 88 p. $4.75. Logan 0. Cowgill, and John L. Cook were Based upon and closely related to sectional among the ten speakers. Copies of the Pro- headings in the British Library Association sylla- bus, the guide includes chapters on purpose and ceedings can be obtained, free of charge, history of cataloging; development of and compari- from U.S. Navy Electronics Laboratory, San son between codes; problems of special materials; Diego, California 92152. and features a section on the application of computers to cataloging. Selected readings, listed at the end of each chapter and cited throughout the AD1 Newsletter to Be Continued text, provide basic texts for the subject. Index. The American Documentation Institute launched the first issue of Education for In- Miscellaneous formation Science a Newsletter of its Special CHERRY,Colin. On Human Communication: A Cam- Interest Group on Education for Information Review, a Survey, and a Criticism, 2nd ed. bridge, Mass.: The M.I.T. Press, 1966. xiv, 337 in November 1966. The new publication's p. tables. charts. $10. (L.C. 56-9820) title is self-explanatory: it is to help editors A well-established introduction to the com- track down periodicals that have appeared munication sciences: linguistics, information variously as "Bulletin of . . .," "Journal theory, behavioral psychology, and the philosophy of meaning and belief. Originally published in of . . .," or "Newsletter of. . . ." Depend- 1957, the new, up-dated edition includes data on ing on paid subscriptions received, SIG-ES recent advances made in these fields. Includes a hopes to publish the newsletter on a bi- glossary of terms, references, and index. monthly basis. While library schools will be DREWRY,John E. Writing Book Reviews. Boston, especially interested in this Newsletter, li- Mass.: The Writer, Inc.. 1966. xv, 230 p. $6. brarians in general are invited to obtain more (L.C. 66-211 15) A completely revised edition of his earlier detailed information from Chairman pro book entitled Book Reviewing. The author pro- tern: Herbert Ohlman, Xerox Corp., Box vides a most helpful and authoritative guide to 1540, Rochester, N. Y. 14604. both writers and readers and offers step-by-step guidance on how to evaluate books in fields such as fiction, biography, history, poetry, and RECENT REFERENCES children's books, as well as specific advice on the actual writing of reviews for newspapers, maga- Cataloging and Classification zines, and specialized periodicals. Includes information on how to secure book reviewing assign- DENT, William. Practical Cataloguing. New York: ments, how to find advance information about Philosophical Library, 1966. 83 p. $4.75. future publishing projects, and how to get books Provides practical instruction in cataloging meth- for review. ods. A progressive series of carefully selected examples, covering a wide range of cataloging FI~ZGERALD,Mark J. The Common Markets problems, make this a suitable guide for students Labor Programs. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of and for librarians faced with cataloging difficulties. Notre Dame Press, 1966. xi, 256 p. $6.95. (L.C. 66-24922) LIBRARYOF CONGRESS,REFERENCE DEPARTMENT. A well-researched, carefully documented ac- Popular Namer of U.S. Government Reports: A count of the growth and potential of Europe's Catalog, comp. by D. F. Wisdom and W. P. Kil- Common Market. A concise comment on the toy. Washington, D. C.: 1966. v, 32 p. pap. 304. administrative structure of the European com- (Available from Government Printing Office). munity, to establish the relationships between (L.C. 66-61704) the various commissions, precedes the general Provides guidelines for the identification of discussion of the mechanics of the three founding reports which have become known by popular name treaties. Includes chapters on actual labor pro- rather than by official title. Lists 479 selected grams, vocational training and =training, employ- reports of U.S. executive, legislative, and judicial ment conditions, trends in wage standards, hous- bodies published during the last seventy-five years. ing, working conditions, and industrials relations Subject index. in the member states. A final chapter summarizes Out-of-Print Books from the John G. White Folk- current development in all of these areas pro- lore Collection at the Cleveland Public Library. jected for the next five years. Index. GOLDE,Roger A. Thinking with Figures in Busi- boro, Vt.: The Stephen Greene Press, 1966. ix, ness: Techniques for Improving Your Number 246 p. illus. $6.95. (L.C. 66-25536) Sense. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Publish- A detailed account of progress already achieved, ing Co., 1966. x, 212 p. illus. charts. tables. programs in motion, and plans for further action $6.95. (L.C. 66-27379) for the guidance of any citizen group concerned Designed for all businessmen, the book deals with the use and abuse of water. Chapters on with figures as they arise throughout a business "tools and techniques" available at the federal, -not only in the financial area. It attempts to state, and local level to communities affected by help the reader use his present business knowledge water-resource problems, and on effective citizen and computational ability to greater advantage. participation in decision-making processes. In- Topics discussed in elwen chapters include: cludes glossary of terms, bibliography, and index. the nature of numbers, need for numbers sense, LINTON, George E. Natural and Manmade Tex- making informal use of advanced mathematical tile Fibers: Raw Material to Finished Product. techniques, thinking with figures, and aids to New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1966. xxiii, quick calculation. Bibliography and index are 420 p. illus. tables. $7.95. (L.C. 65-24856) provided. Together with its companion volume, Applied GREEN,Earl L., ed. Biology of the Laboratory Basic Textiles, this work represents a rwised and Mouse, 2nd rev. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill enlarged version of the author's textbook Applied Book Co., 1966. xii, 706 p. illus. tables. charts. Textiles. Covers the history, classification and $16.50. grades, manufacturing processes, finishing of fab- Contributions of thirty-one authors, all mem- rics, and the use of these materials in the textile bers of the Jackson Laboratory in Maine, make and apparel trades. Provides basic definitions and this the most comprehensive and valuable refer- ready reference tables, as well as sources of in- ence work in the field. Divided into seven sec- formation on textiles, a selected list of books, tions, the book contains chapters on topics such bibliography, and index. as genetics of mice, reproductive physiology of MARKS, Robert W. The Dymaxion World of the animal, its response to radiation, drugs, and Buckminster Puller. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern foreign tissues, pathological conditions, and im- Illinois University Press, 1966. 232 p. illus. $10. mune and behavioral traits of mice. Contains (L.C. 60-5487) detailed table of contents, a separate bibliography A reissue of the original book published in of techniques, and author-subject index. 1960. Written as a tribute to and a source of ISRAEL, Fred L., ed. The State of the Union illumination of Buckminster Fuller, the noted com- Messages of the Presidents, 1790-1966. 3 vols. prehensive, anticipatory design scientist. Index. New York: Chelsea House-Hector Publishers, NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.Bmic RC- 1966. xli, 3,264 p. $45 per set. (L.C. 66-20309) search, Applied Research, and Development in (Distributed by R. R. Bowker Co., New York) Industry, 1963: A Finaj Report on a Survey of A three-volume work comprising the 179 an- RGD Funds, 1963, and RGD Scientists and En- nual messages of the US. Presidents with a com- gineers, Jan. 1964 (NSF 66-15). Washington, prehensive introductory essay by Arthur M. D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1966. vii, Schlesinger, Jr. The extensive index, contained in 185 p. pap. $1. volume 3, is a conceptual and analytical guide to Analyzes in detail the results of the 1963 the major events and trends in American history. survey, ninth in the series of industry surveys KAMBARA,Tomihito, ed. Modern Aspects of that began in 1953. Emphasizes graphic presenta- Polarography: A Tribute to lsamu Tachi. New tion of the data and presents all information on York: Plenum Press, 1966. 248 p. illus. tables. basic research, applied research, and development $10.00. (L.C. 66-28449) in separate sections. Appendixes show detailed Dedicated to Japan's leading polarographer, the statistical tables, survey definitions and explana- book contains thirty-two papers, contributed by tions of tabular data, technical notes, and re- internationally known scientists, that clearly dis- productions of questionnaires, instructions, and cuss modern ideas in the field and provide recent covering letters. research information in areas such as: polaro- . Federal Funds for Research, Develop- graphic theory and methodology, use of nonaque- ment, and Other Scientific Activities, Fiscal year^ ous solvents, applications to chelate chemistry, in- 1965, 19G6, and 1967, vol. XV (NSF 66-25). dustrial and clinical applications of polarographic Washington, D. C.: 1966. x, 195 p. pap. $1.25. methods of analysis, and the development of (Order from Government Printing Office) new instrumentation. A valuable reference work Fifteenth annual report covering federal funds for polarographers, and for researchers in analyti- for research, dwelopment, and R&D plant or cal chemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, facilities; funds for activities related to collection and biochemistry, using this analytical technique. and dissemination of scientific and technical in- Contains separate author and subject indexes. formation; and amounts obligated for the col- LEAGUEOF WOMENVOTERS, EDUCATION FUND. lection, analysis, and publication of general- The Big Water Fight: Trials and Triumphs in purpose scientific data. Includes a list of federal Citizen Action on Problems of Supply, Pollution, contract research centers and many statistical Floods, and Planning Across the U.S.A. Brattle- tables. Starting salary $7,500-$9,600. Write to Mr. F. W. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING Ragan, Jr., Western Electric Company, Incorpo- rated, 3300 Lexington Road, Winston-Salem, North Positions o en and wanted-50 cents per line; Carolina 27102. minimum cR urge $1.50. Other classifieds-90 cmts a line; $2.70 minimum. Copy must be received by MACHINEPROJECTS LIBRARIAN-Medical library. tenth of month preceding month of publication. Plan and execute experiments in machine meth- _ ods. Teaches pre-doctoral Fellows in Computer Librarianship. Staff includes one professional li- POSITIONS OPEN brarian and one machine operator. Salary $8,000- $12,000, depending upon experience. Dr. Estelle ACQUISITIONSLIBRARIAN-M~~~C~~ library. Select Brodman, Washington University School of Medi- and supervise additions to collection of largest cine Library, 4580 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Mis- Midwest medical library south of Chicago and to souri 63110. Rockies. Written acquisitions policy. Computerized - system. Acquisitions budget $70,000 per year. MEDICAL L~~R~R~~~-~rnmediateopening in a Clerical assistance. Salary $7,000-$8,000, depend- small library in a university-affiliated short-term ing on experience. Dr. Estelle Brodman, Wash- psychiatric treatment center. Starting salary $7560 ington University School of Medicine Library, annually. This is a Missouri State Merit System 4580 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110. position. Liberal sick leave and vacation program. Retirement system. Apply to Kathleen Smith, - ASSISTANT REFERENCE LIBRARIAN-M~~~C~~M.D., Superintendent, 1420 Grattan Street, St. school library. New position. Immediate responsi- Louis, Missouri 63104. bility to develop new statewide teletype reference sen-ice and supervise interlibrary loans. Oppor- TECHNICALPROCESSING c~~E~-Dynarnic. Soundly tunit)- to work with computer projects. Must be grounded in acquisitions needed. Library with 100,- available to attend seminars, etc. Require fifth 000 volumes and a book budget of nearly $45,000 year library science degree from A.L.A. accredited seeks successor to retiring chief of technical proc- school. Reading knowledge of one language de- essing. Library is a member of the New York sirable. Salary open, T.I.A.A. retirement paid by State Employees Retiwment System and also of - Uni\ersity, Blue Cross and major medical insur- its Health Plan; Social Security; month's vacation ance, five weeks vacation. Contact: Mary Jane plus eleven paid holidays allowable on annual Laatz, Medical Librarian, Indiana University, basis; sick leave time allowed to accumulate; per- School of Medicine Library, 1100 West Michigan sonal leave time allowable without prejudice to Street. Indianapolis, Indiana 46207. annual or sick leave; 35-hour week; Library is a member of the Nassau Library Service System; Li- CIRCULATION-REFERENCEASSISTANT-Fifth-year brary also computerizing its circulation procedures; library school degree, experience desirable, mini- within easy commuting distance of City; community mum salary $6,600, month vacation, retire- has many' apartments if community- residence is ment system, academic rank, available April 1, preferred. Requirements: MU, eligibility for N. Y. 1967. Write: Wilma Troxel, Director, University State Certification; two year's experience in an of Illinois, Library of Medical Sciences, 1853 administrative or assistant administrative position West Polk Street, P. 0. Box 7509. Chicago, Illi- in technical processing. Salary range-basic- nois 60680. Telephone: 312-663-7332. $7,350-$9,600.. Send application to: Wilfred Lau- rier Morin, Llbrary Director, Freeport Public LI- DIRFCTOR-To organize and administer a Tech- brary, Freeport, New York 11520. nical Processing Center for group of colleges, Finger Lakes area, New York State. Knowledge YOUKG ADULT LIBRARIAN-Self starter with of technical processing and automated equipment ideas that hupefully will affect the disaffected. necessary. Salary: $12,000 to $14,000 depending Senior (2 years exp.)-$6,600-$8,250; junior (no - on training and experience. Write Box C 61. exp.)-$6,300-$7,875; plus usual benefits. May hire within range. Lnusually cooperati~e staff, DOCCMESTS/SERIALSLl~RAR1AN---Opening June good book budget. Korthern N. J. Easy commut- 1, 1967 ; salary range $625-$775 ($685-$845 July ing from the big city. Public Library serves a '67). Fifth year degree from ALA accredited II- heterogencous urban population of 35,000. In bray school plus four pears professional ex- the jargon of our trade a "challenge." Write Box perience including work with documents required. C 59. Send applications including references to: Oregon State Library, Salem, Oregon 97310. POSITIONS WANTED

EXPERIENCEDART LIBRARIAN-W~~~~~immedi- INDL~STR~ALLIBRARIAN-Eight years varied Li- ately for college library serving professional brary experience. Metallur&~,Physics, Electron- school of art and architecture. Salary dependent ics, Engineering, Electrical Engineering. Head Li- upon experience and training. Cooper Union for brarian-handled all phases of libraq detail, and the Advancement of Science and Art, Fourth Av- literature searching, compilation of bibliographies, enue at Seventh Street, New York City 10003. and abstracting. (Specialty, Technical Literature Contact Fred H. Graves, Librarian, by letter. File, and Acquisition List.) Main stipulation, must locate in state of Connecticut, New Haven and INDUSTRIAL REFERENCE LIBRARIAN-T~C~~~C~~south. Write Box C 60. Master's in library science, working knowledge of German, French, or Russian. Comprehensive reference and bibliographic work. Prefer candidates WANTED TO BUY with minimum of one year experience, but will consider recent graduates. Located near Wake For- CHEMICALABSTRACTS-bought and sold. Contact est, Duke, and University of North Carolina. 2832 Highland Court, Muscatine, Iowa 52761. 196 SPECIALLIBRARIES VYSOKOMOLEKULARYNESOEDINENIYA-VO~UII~ 8, numbers 2-12, 1966. Contact: Library, Mobil THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY Chemical Co., P.O. Box 213, Metuchen, New Jer- sey 08840, 201:287-0500. has immediate openings for indexers on the following periodical indexes : FOR SALE APPLIED SCIENCE & TECHNOL- LIBRARIANS:I buy and sell scientific and scholarly OGY INDEX back-issues. Please submit your want lists and lists BIOLOGICAL & AGRICULTURAL of duplicate materials you wish to sell or exchange. INDEX Prompt estimates. Fred. Ludwig, Rte. 4, Box 115, BUSINESS PERIODICALS INDEX Tucson. Arizona 85704. EDUCATION INDEX PROC.SOC. EXP. BIOL. & MED.-1954-66, unbound. Applicants must be capable of performing $125 or best offer. Nutrition Reviews, vols. 2-23, accurately the detailed work required in unbound. Best offer. Shankman Lab., 2023 South assigning appropriate subject headings to Santa Fe Ave., Los Angeles, California 90021. articles in current periodicals on the re- spective subjects. Some subject background is essential; knowledge of cataloging and/ or library experience, while desirable, are LIBRARIAN-TRANSPORTATION FIELD not absolute requirements. Opportunity for second in command to run Salary will depend on qualifications and and build her own library. One gal opera- experience and will be reviewed annually. tion. Shelf and vertical file material. Duties Many company benefits such as vacations, include cataloging, filing with a purpose, and sick pay, pensions, Blue Cross, Blue Shield, some reference. Requirements are LS Degree, Major Medical, etc. Five day, 35-hour week. knowledge of business library operation, and an inquiring mind. Grand Central Area. Start- Applications should be addressed to: ing salary $7,000 a year, ceiling entirely de- The Personnel Department pendent upon ability. The H. W. Wilson Company JAMES C. BUCKLEY, INC. 950 University Avenue 30 East 40th Street Bronx, York New York, New York 1001 6 New 10452

TECHNICAL REFERENCE LIBRARIAN

Technical library serving corporate Chemical and Biomedical Research Departments has an immediate opening for a Reference Librarian.

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SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION PUBLICATIONS *!.viation subject headings and classifica- Literature of executive management tion guide, 1966 ...... $6.30 (SLA Biblography no. 5), 1963 ... 4.25 Business and industrial libraries in the Map collections in the US. and Can- United States, 1820-1940, 1965. .. 7.00 ada; a directory, 1954 ...... 3.00 *A checklist for the organization, opera- National insurance organizations in the tion and evaluation of a company United States and Canada, 1957 ..... 3.50 library, 2nd ed., 1966 ..... 3.00 Picture sources, 2nd ed., 1964 ...... 6.75 *SLA directory of members, as of June Correlation tndex document series & PB 28, ,966, :966 ...... members 3.00 reports, 1953 ...... 10.00 nonmembers 12.50 Creation & development of an insur- Source list of selected labor statistics, ance library, rev. ed., 1949 ...... 2.00 rev. ed., 1953 ...... 2.00 Dictionary of report series codes, 1962 12.75 Sources of commodity prices, 1960 .... 5.00 Directory of business and financial serv- Sources of insurance statistics, 1961 ... 8.25 ices, 1963 ...... 6.50 *Special libraries: a guide for manage- Directory of special libraries, 1953 .... 5.00 ment, 1966 ...... 4.00 *German chemical abbreviations, 1966 6.50 Special libraries: how to plan and equip . them (SLA Monograph no. 2), 1963 5.55 Guide to metallurgical information Subject headings for financial Ilbraries, (SLA Bibliography no. 3), 2nd ed., 1914 ...... 5.00 1965 ...... 7.00 Subject headings in advertising, market- Guide to Russian reference and language ing and communications media, 1964 5.95 aids (SLA Biblography no. 4), 1962 4.25 Translators and translations: services Handbook of scientific and technical and sources in science and technology, awards in the United States and Can- 2nd ed., 1961 ...... 14.50 ada, 1900-1952, 1956 ...... 3.00 U.S. sources of petroleum and natural *The library: an introduction for library gas statistics, 1961 ...... 6.00 assistants, 1967 ...... 4.00 Latest publications SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS-Subscription, $10.00; Single copies, $4.00 SPECIAL LIBRARIES-Subscription, $12.50; Foreign, $14.00; Single copies, $2.00 TECHNICAL BOOK REVIEW INDEX-Subscription, $10.00; Foreign, $11.00; Single copies, $1.50 PROCEEDINGS-NOW AVAILABLE WINCON '67-New Horizons in Electronic Systems (A formal title change from Winter Alilitary Elrctronics Convention and constitutes volume 6 of this serlpc.) 8th Winter Convention on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. Volume 6 Los Angeles, Calif. February 7-9, 1967 Contents include: new techniques for information storage and retrieval; electronic systems for meteorology; advanced communication techniques; information display systems: present and future; satellite communications; interplanetary electronics; horizons in computer technology; transportation-an emerging challenge for electronic systems; bionic systems-a technology in transition. Soft cover $15.00 7th National Symposium on Information Display Boston, Mass. October, 1966 Contents include: display devices and techniques; information processing as a function of display format; the observer-human factors and performance; display standards and measurements. Soft cover $15.00

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Even the University of Virginia library, All major universities and research one of the major depositories of knowl- ccnters in Virginia are linked by teletype- edge in the United States. doesn't have writer. Any library in the United States everything. But it has supplemented its with teletypewriter exchange service can resources materially by the use of tele- contact any other similarly equipped typewriter service. library to send or receive information. Now, when a firm or individual needs To learn more about how Bell System ~nformation from a boob or journal, the facilities can expand your library facili- request can be sent to the library which ties. contact our Communications Con- most likely has it. The required informa- sultant in the field of education. He's a tion can be sent back in a few minutes. specidist and knows your problems. b THESE SEVEN GALE TITLES ARE INCLUDED IN LIBRARY JOURNAL'S FIFTY BUSINESS BOOKS OF 1966"' Four of the Gale books come from the Man- BUSINESS TRENDS AND agement Informati03 Guide series, a group FORECASTING INFORMATION SOURCES of bibliographies keyed to questions of busi- Edited by James B. Woy, head of the Mercantile nessmen, government officials, researchers. Library, The Free Library of Philadelphia. students, and librarians who need to know -in depth-what sources of factual infor- This bibliography emphasizes recent material and mation are available in specific subject is divided into six sections: Background, The Busi- areas. The series now includes ten titlos, all ness Cycle: Theory and Technique of Forecasting; compiled by knowledgeable special librari- Commentary and Criticism; Actual Forecasts and ans and all included in previous "best book" Surveys: Important Data Sources: and Biblio- lists. 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New A monumental 2.468-page, three-volume, basic Jersey. reference library for business executives, research- A bibliography that provides for quick and easy ers, educators, and librarians . . . the first com- access to information about all maior aspects of plete key to where to find information published the electric, gas, telephone, and water industries. in periodicals, directories, and yearbooks and is- Its nine sections cover general works; public sued by organizations, bureaus, and other sources utility economics; public utility accounting; rates on 2.300 subjects. Each entry includes several and rate making; regulation of public utilities; important sources of information. Topics range electric industry; public ownership and electric from Abattoirs to Zurich. As a whole, it facilitates power; gas industry: and telephone and water sound problem-solving decisions, gives a clear industries. 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