DOCSLIB.ORG

Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Solanderiidae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Solanderiidae) JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY, 1988, 22, 1551-1563 Redescription and affinity of the large hydroid Chitîna ericopsis Carter, 1873 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Solanderiidae) J. BOUILLON Laboratoire de Zoologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, A venue F. D. Roosevelt 50,1050 Bruxelles, Belgium, and Station Biologique Léopold in, Laing Island, via Madang, Papua New Guinea P. F. S. CORNELIUS Department ofZoology, British Muséum ( Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD {Accepted 16 December 1987) Chitina ericopsis Carter, 1873, is a large, rarely-reported, arborescent hydroid with a thick internai chitinous skeleton. Ils afïinities have been unclear since its first description more than one hundred years ago. Study of new material which includes hydranths confirms that it should be referred to the family Solanderiidae which comprises just one other genus, Solanderia. The distinctions between the two included gênera are summarized. The species is redescribed, détails of hydranth morphology and cindocysts being given for the first time. Type material is identified and redescribed. KEYWORDS: Hydroid, Solanderiidae, Chitina, Solanderia, hydranths, cnidocysts, New Zealand, type material, systematics. Introduction The seldom-reported and unusually large arborescent hydroid Chitina ericopsis Carter, 1873, was originally described from colonies up to 40 cm in height collected in New Zealand waters by 'Dr Sinclair and Sir G. Grey' (Carter, 1873). Colonies of such size are unusual among hydroids and although longer colonies occur in some families in no other are the main trunks so massive. They resuit from the fusion of numerous typical hydrozoan chitinous perisarc tubes the walls of which are perforated by numerous fenestrae. This basic pattern is modified during development so that a robust, three-dimensional network results (Figs 4, 5). Since the skeletons of most athecate hydroids are rather uniform particular systematic interest attaches to the morphology of the feeding-polyps or hydranths. However, despite the conspicuousness of the colony, that of Chitina has remained undescribed until now. The genus Chitina was proposed by Carter when describing the species and has remained monotypic ever since, so that the validity of the genus has been questioned. Ail known material of the sole species has corne from New Zealand. The first-described spécimens of C. ericopsis were dried, and are preserved in the collections of the British Muséum (Natural History) [BMNH], London. Vervoort Contribution No. 119 from the Station Biologique Léopold IIL 1552 J. Bouillon and P. F. S. Cornélius (1962), studying thèse spécimens, regarded the genus Chitina as dubious since the material, being dried, did not provide sufficient information for taxonomic assessment. Other dried material, preserved in the Australian Muséum, Sydney, and evidently of the same nominal genus, was examined later by Wineera (1968) who considered it had affinity with the genus Solanderia. About seven species of this genus are recognized. He thought that the two gênera should not be separated on the basis of skeletal structure, and concluded also that C. ericopsis was almost certainly conspecific with the often- reported Solanderia misakinensis (Inaba, 1892). Recently Bouillon (1985) followed the opinion of Vervoort (1962) in regarding the nominal genus Chitina as dubious, but had no new évidence. Additional material in the BMNH stored in alcohol is sufficiently well preserved for a more detailed description of Chitina ericopsis to be made than previously possible. Consequently the validity of the genus and the affinity of the included species can be reassessed. Taxonomy Solanderiidae Marshall, 1892 The family is defined thus (after Bouillon, 1981): Colony erect, ramified, with chitinous internai anastomosing skeleton formed from coalescing and modification of adjacent hydrocauline tubes. Coenosarc covering entire colony and penetrating skeletal interstices. Hydranths borne over whole surface of colony, uniform in structure, cylindrical; with single circlet of capitate tentacles surrounding mouth and numerous similar tentacles dispersed over column. Gonophores, where known, eumedusoid sporosacs arising directly from coenosarc. Two recognized gênera are now included (Bouillon, 1974, 1985): Solanderia Duchassaing & MicheUn, 1846, and Chitina Carter, 1873. As noted by Wineera (1968) the similarity of the fine structure of the skeletons of their included species implies close affinity. However, the colony form of Chitina ericopsis differs markedly from that of virtually ail known species of Solanderia (see below). Second, the limited material of C. ericopsis available indicates that the distribution and method of insertion of the hydranths on the colonies also differs between the two (see définition). Hence it seems useful to main tain a generic séparation. The two gênera are distinguished and defined as follows : - colonies bushy, branching in ail planes; hydranths without hydrophoral structures, confined to hydrocladia Chitina - colonies fundamentally branching in one plane, roughly fan-shaped; hydranths generally accompanied by hydrophoral structures, distributed on both hydrocladia and hydrocauli Solanderia Chitina ericopsis Canei, 19^3 (Figs 1-5, 7) Chitina ericopsis Carter, 1873: 13-14; Carter, 1877: 46, 56, 60, 73; Carter, 1878: 308; Higgin, 1878: 45; Steinmann, 1878: 106; Brazier, 1887: 577; Spencer, 1892: 8, 21 ; Steinmann, 1893: 480, 482; Weltner, 1893: 15; Delage & Hérouard, 1901: 74; Hickson, 1903: 113-114; Hartlaub, 1905: 515 ; Stechow, 1909: 41 ; Bedot, 1912:271; Bedot,1916:73; Bedot, 1918: 95 ; Bedot, 1925:135; Vervoort, 1962: 510-512,536-537; Wineera, 1968:1-2; Bouillon, 1985:91. Material examined Type material. Dried, skeletal material only. Ail spécimens originally BMNH regd Redescription of Chitina ericopsis 1553 no. 1857.1.2.36 (re-registered 1962.4.15.1-3 and 1973.7.11.13); ail collected 'New Zealand' by Sir George Grey and 'Dr Sinclair' ; mentioned, Carter, 1873: 13 14.7 large erect ramified fragments, measuring approx. 38, 33, 31, 30, 23, 22, 19 cm in height; probably representing 4-5 colonies. Each colony bushy, comprising trunk-like main stem up to c. 2 0 cm diameter, polysiphonic, consisting of up to c. 40 hydrocauli running nearly straight and approximately parallel, anastomosing by short cross- connections at fréquent but greatly varied intervais. Main trunk forking successively but irregularly; resulting branches tortuous but ail continuing generally upwards, flexuose but roughly parallel. Finer branches 3-lOmm in diameter, not broadly divisible into component tubes, comprising fine interlaced three-dimensional mesh- work of chitinous threads with overall honeycombed appearance; in finest branches, positions of original coenosarc tubes marked by parallel tubular cavities running through meshwork; latter evidently laid down as network surrounding each tube, but networks of contiguous tubes shared ; no évidence of former positions of hydranths on this dried skeletal material. Other dried material. One spécimen, BMNH 1877.5.21.210, carried a printed label dating from around the first quarter of the présent century with the wording ' Australia/ Bowerbank Coll.'. We are indebted to Professer W. Vervoort, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historié, Leiden, for pointing out to us that if the locality were confirmed this spécimen would represent the first AustraUan record of the genus Chitina. However, the locality is in doubt since a further spécimen, 1877.5.21.124, is labelled in manuscript 'New Zealand/Bowerbank Coll.'. The printed label with the first spécimen was probably prepared for its public exhibition, and transcription error cannot be eliminated. No original label survives with this spécimen. A dried spécimen labelled 'Chitina ericopsis, Oko-Siri, Japan, 41° 59'N, 138° 30'E, 25-30 fm, coll. HMS Actaeon, près. J. F. R. Ayler (Master)', BMNH regd no. 1862.7.16.9, was re-identified as Solanderia cf misakinensis (Inaba) by our colleague S. J. Moore in 1986. The former positions of the hydranths are évident on both hydrocladia and hydrocauli, and we concur with his generic re-assignment. Spirit-preserved material. Several colonies collected by Dr Patricia M. Ralph, Wellington Harbour, New Zealand, 18 m (' 10 fathoms'), BMNH regd nos 1957.11.3.1, 1958.1.2.1,1961.4.8.1; described below. Description The description is based jointly on the type material and the more recently collected spirit-preserved spécimens. General morphology. (Figs 1-2). Colony erect, recorded up to c. 38 cm, branched in ail planes, compactly bushy even in tall spécimens; comprising one to several principal, much branched, hydrocauline trunks up to 2-5 cm in diameter from which hydrocladia anse at irregular intervais and in ail planes; trunks and stems yellowish-fawn. Trunks themselves bifurcating several times in succession, resulting in gradually finer and more délicate branches and branchlets. When several main trunks, thèse anastomosing through short latéral struts especially in basai région. In contrast hydrocladia anastomosing only exceptionally. Main trunks issuing from well developed meshwork of interlaced and frequently anastomosing hydrorhizal fibres which anchor colony (R in Figs 1-2). Thickest main trunks having latéral tubular expansions probably representing positions of future branches. Skeleton. (Figs 2-5, 7). Skeleton internai, permeated by and covered with communal coenosarc of colony. Skeleton of main trunks and principal branches a dense network of interlaced and frequently anastomosed
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CORE Arrigoni Et Al Millepora.Docx Click Here To
    An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea Item Type Article Authors Arrigoni, Roberto; Maggioni, Davide; Montano, Simone; Hoeksema, Bert W.; Seveso, Davide; Shlesinger, Tom; Terraneo, Tullia Isotta; Tietbohl, Matthew; Berumen, Michael L. Citation Arrigoni R, Maggioni D, Montano S, Hoeksema BW, Seveso D, et al. (2018) An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea. Coral Reefs. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8. Eprint version Post-print DOI 10.1007/s00338-018-01739-8 Publisher Springer Nature Journal Coral Reefs Rights Archived with thanks to Coral Reefs Download date 05/10/2021 19:48:14 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10754/629424 Manuscript Click here to access/download;Manuscript;CORE Arrigoni et al Millepora.docx Click here to view linked References 1 2 3 4 1 An integrated morpho-molecular approach to delineate species boundaries of Millepora from the Red Sea 5 6 2 7 8 3 Roberto Arrigoni1, Davide Maggioni2,3, Simone Montano2,3, Bert W. Hoeksema4, Davide Seveso2,3, Tom Shlesinger5, 9 10 4 Tullia Isotta Terraneo1,6, Matthew D. Tietbohl1, Michael L. Berumen1 11 12 5 13 14 6 Corresponding author: Roberto Arrigoni, [email protected] 15 16 7 1Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah 17 18 8 University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 19 20 9 2Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e del Territorio (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza 21 22 10 della Scienza 1, Milano 20126, Italy 23 24 11 3Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, Faafu Magoodhoo 12030, Republic of the Maldives 25 26 12 4Taxonomy and Systematics Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • CNIDARIA Corals, Medusae, Hydroids, Myxozoans
    FOUR Phylum CNIDARIA corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans STEPHEN D. CAIRNS, LISA-ANN GERSHWIN, FRED J. BROOK, PHILIP PUGH, ELLIOT W. Dawson, OscaR OcaÑA V., WILLEM VERvooRT, GARY WILLIAMS, JEANETTE E. Watson, DENNIS M. OPREsko, PETER SCHUCHERT, P. MICHAEL HINE, DENNIS P. GORDON, HAMISH J. CAMPBELL, ANTHONY J. WRIGHT, JUAN A. SÁNCHEZ, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN his ancient phylum of mostly marine organisms is best known for its contribution to geomorphological features, forming thousands of square Tkilometres of coral reefs in warm tropical waters. Their fossil remains contribute to some limestones. Cnidarians are also significant components of the plankton, where large medusae – popularly called jellyfish – and colonial forms like Portuguese man-of-war and stringy siphonophores prey on other organisms including small fish. Some of these species are justly feared by humans for their stings, which in some cases can be fatal. Certainly, most New Zealanders will have encountered cnidarians when rambling along beaches and fossicking in rock pools where sea anemones and diminutive bushy hydroids abound. In New Zealand’s fiords and in deeper water on seamounts, black corals and branching gorgonians can form veritable trees five metres high or more. In contrast, inland inhabitants of continental landmasses who have never, or rarely, seen an ocean or visited a seashore can hardly be impressed with the Cnidaria as a phylum – freshwater cnidarians are relatively few, restricted to tiny hydras, the branching hydroid Cordylophora, and rare medusae. Worldwide, there are about 10,000 described species, with perhaps half as many again undescribed. All cnidarians have nettle cells known as nematocysts (or cnidae – from the Greek, knide, a nettle), extraordinarily complex structures that are effectively invaginated coiled tubes within a cell.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad De Guadalajara Centro Universitario De Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias
    UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Y AGROPECUARIAS POSGRADO EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS ECOLOGÍA DE LOS OPISTOBRANQUIOS (Mollusca) DE BAHÍA DE BANDERAS, JALISCO-NAYARIT, MÉXICO por Alicia Hermosillo González Tesis presentada como requisito parcial para obtener el grado de DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS (ÁREA ECOLOGÍA) LAS AGUJAS, ZAPOPAN, JALISCO OCTUBRE DE 2006 ECOLOGÍA DE LOS OPISTOBRANQUIOS (MOLLUSCA) DE BAHÍA DE BANDERAS, JALISCO-NAYARIT, MÉXICO por Alicia Hermosillo González Tesis presentada como requisito parcial para obtener el grado de DOCTOR EN CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS (ÁREA ECOLOGÍA) UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Y AGROPECUARIAS OCTUBRE DE 2006 Aprobada ¿,~ J-: yo{ Fecha 2~ t?<Df _ ¿oo¡; Dr. Angel Valdés Gallego Fecha Asesor del Comité Par!" ' t5' ~el-/Boa e Dr. Francisco artín Huerta Martínez 'Fecha Sinodal del mité Particular 'Z s 1oc\ 1 z.oo ( Dr. Alejandro Muñoz Urías Fecha Sinodal del Comité Particular Fecha Aj ot:N6te :2JV~ Fecha Presidente del Comité Académico del Posgrado UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas Orientación en Ecología Dr. Eduar íos Jara Director de Tesis Departamento de Ecología CUCBA-Universidad de Guadalajara Dr. Angel Valdés Gallego Asesor Externo Museo de Historia Natural de la Ciudad de Los Ángeles Los Áng es, California Dr. ans Bertsch Asesor Externo Museo de Historia Natural de la Ciudad de San Diego San Diego,~rnia Dr. J s s Emilio Michel Morfín Aseso xterno Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, U. de G. San Patricio Melaque, Jalisco ,. AGRADECIMIENTOS No hay palabras para agradecer a todas las personas que hicieron posible alcanzar esta meta; especialmente a quien fue la piedra angular, Roberto, gracias por creer en mi.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetics of Hydroidolina (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria) Paulyn Cartwright1, Nathaniel M
    Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, page 1 of 10. #2008 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom doi:10.1017/S0025315408002257 Printed in the United Kingdom Phylogenetics of Hydroidolina (Hydrozoa: Cnidaria) paulyn cartwright1, nathaniel m. evans1, casey w. dunn2, antonio c. marques3, maria pia miglietta4, peter schuchert5 and allen g. collins6 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA, 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA, 3Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biocieˆncias, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, Brazil, 4Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, 5Muse´um d’Histoire Naturelle, CH-1211, Gene`ve, Switzerland, 6National Systematics Laboratory of NOAA Fisheries Service, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA Hydroidolina is a group of hydrozoans that includes Anthoathecata, Leptothecata and Siphonophorae. Previous phylogenetic analyses show strong support for Hydroidolina monophyly, but the relationships between and within its subgroups remain uncertain. In an effort to further clarify hydroidolinan relationships, we performed phylogenetic analyses on 97 hydroidolinan taxa, using DNA sequences from partial mitochondrial 16S rDNA, nearly complete nuclear 18S rDNA and nearly complete nuclear 28S rDNA. Our findings are consistent with previous analyses that support monophyly of Siphonophorae and Leptothecata and do not support monophyly of Anthoathecata nor its component subgroups, Filifera and Capitata. Instead, within Anthoathecata, we find support for four separate filiferan clades and two separate capitate clades (Aplanulata and Capitata sensu stricto). Our data however, lack any substantive support for discerning relationships between these eight distinct hydroidolinan clades.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) in the Collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Tel-Aviv, Israel
    Report on hydroids (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) in the collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Tel-Aviv, Israel W. Vervoort Vervoort, W. Report on hydroids (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) in the collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Tel-Aviv, Israel. Zool. Med. Leiden 67 (40), 24.xii.1993:537-565.— ISSN 0024-0672. Key words: Cnidaria; Hydrozoa; Hydroida; eastern Mediterranean fauna; Red Sea hydroid fauna. Twenty-eight hydroid species are recorded from the eastern Mediterranean and the northern part of the Red Sea, all material originating from the collections of the Museum of the Zoological Institute, Tel-Aviv University. The collection also included four species that could only be identified to generic level. Though the majority had previously been recorded from either the Mediterranean or the Red Sea, some constitute the first definite record from Israeli coastal waters. All material has been re- deposited in the Tel-Aviv collection; slides and some duplicate samples are in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, now also incorporating the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie), Leiden, the Netherlands. W. Vervoort, Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, RO. Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands. Introduction The collection of Hydroida reported upon below was sent to me for identification several years ago by Dr Y. Benayahu, Zoological Museum, University of Tel-Aviv; additional specimens have intermittently been received. The collection is of interest because it contains a number of samples from Mediterranean waters off Israel, a region poor in hydroid records, though a report on a smaller collection from the same area and also belonging to the Zoological Museum, Tel-Aviv, was previously published by Picard (1950).
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental DNA and Specific Primers for Detecting the Invasive
    sustainability Article Environmental DNA and Specific Primers for Detecting the Invasive Species Ectopleura crocea (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata) in Seawater Samples Philjae Kim 1 , Tae Joong Yoon 2 and Sook Shin 2,3,* 1 Research & Development Division, National Science Museum, Daejeon 34143, Korea; [email protected] 2 Institute of Marine Life Resources, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea; [email protected] 3 Department of Animal Biotechnology & Resource, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-3399-1717 Received: 31 January 2020; Accepted: 16 March 2020; Published: 18 March 2020 Abstract: In marine environments, environmental DNA (eDNA) can be effectively detected and possibly quantified when combined with molecular techniques, as demonstrated by several recent studies. In this study, we developed a species-specific primer set and a probe to detect the distribution and biomass of an invasive hydrozoan in South Korea, Ectopleura crocea. These molecular markers were designed to amplify a 187 bp region based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of E. crocea and were tested on seawater samples from 35 Korean harbors in 2017. Of the 35 sites we investigated, only nine harbors returned positive detections when using traditional survey methods, while surveys based on the use of eDNA techniques detected E. crocea DNA in all seawater samples. These results suggest that eDNA surveys based on molecular techniques are more effective at identifying species distribution and estimating biomass than traditional surveys based on visual assessment of morphology. Keywords: Ectopleura crocea; environmental DNA; invasive species; monitoring; species-specific markers; quantitative PCR 1. Introduction Environmental DNA (eDNA) refers to DNA that can be extracted from environmental samples such as soil, sediments, water, or snow [1], and species detection methods using eDNA have become new monitoring tools for the study and management of organisms in various ecosystems [2–4].
    [Show full text]
  • And Medioantenna Variopinta Sp. Nov. (Annelida, Polychaeta, Polynoidae) from North Sulawesi (Indonesia)
    Helgol Mar Res (2011) 65:495–511 DOI 10.1007/s10152-010-0239-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Symbiotic association between Solanderia secunda (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Solanderiidae) and Medioantenna variopinta sp. nov. (Annelida, Polychaeta, Polynoidae) from North Sulawesi (Indonesia) Cristina Gioia Di Camillo • Daniel Martin • Temir A. Britayev Received: 10 May 2010 / Revised: 23 November 2010 / Accepted: 3 December 2010 / Published online: 24 December 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag and AWI 2010 Abstract A mimic scale-worm was found associated other one is its elongated, upwardly directed nephridial with the athecate hydroid Solanderia secunda, commonly papillae. The morphology and geographical distribution of found on reefs of the NW coast of North Sulawesi, Indo- the host together with the known characteristics of the nesia. The species resembled Medioantenna clavata Imaj- symbiotic association have also been highlighted. ima 1997, which was originally described without any reference to a symbiotic mode of life and later reported to Keywords Polychaetes Á New species Á Hydroids Á be living on a solanderiid hydroid both in Japanese waters. Symbiosis Á Camouflage Á Indonesia A detailed morphological analysis led us to consider the Indonesian specimens as a new species, namely Medioan- tenna variopinta sp. nov., which is congeneric with the Introduction Japanese species. The new species differs from the type material of M. clavata as it has elytra with one prominent The Class Hydrozoa includes a large variety of life forms finger-like papilla and all neurochaetae with unidentate tip, that are often involved in symbiotic relationships with instead of an elytral lump and both unidentate and biden- other invertebrates (Boero and Bouillon 2005; Gili and tate neurochaetae on segment two.
    [Show full text]
  • Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Light of Mitochondria! 16S Rdna Data
    Phylogeny of Capitata and Corynidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in light of mitochondria! 16S rDNA data ALLEN G. COLLINS*, SILKE WINKELMANN, HEIKE HADRYS & BERND SCHIERWATER Accepted: 14 April 2004 Collins, A. G., Winkelmann, S., Hadiys, H. & Schiei-water, B. (2004). Phylogeny of Capitata (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) and Coiynidae (Capitata) in light of mitochondrial 16S rDNA data. — Zoologica Scripts, 34, 91-99. New sequences of the partial rDNA gene coding for the mitochondrial large ribosomal sub- unit, 16S, are derived ffom 47 diverse hydrozoan species and used to investigate phylogenetic relationships among families of the group Capitata and among species of the capitate family Corynidae. Our analyses identiiy a well-supported clade, herein named Aplanulata, of capitate hydrozoans that are united by the synapomorphy of undergoing direct development without the ciliated planula stage that is typical of cnidarians. Aplanulata includes the important model organisms of the group Hydridae, as well as species of Candelabiidae, Corymorphidae, and Tubulariidae. The hypothesis that Hydridae is closely related to brackish water species of Moerisiidae is strongly controverted by 16S rDNA data, as has been shown for nuclear 18S rDNA data. The consistent phylogenetic signal derived from 16S and 18S data suggest that both markers would be useful for broad-scale multimarker analyses of hydrozoan relation- ships. Coiynidae is revealed as paraphyletic with respect to Polyorchidae, a group for which information about the hydroid stage is lacking. Bicorona, which has been classified both within and outside of Corynidae, is shown to have a close relationship with all but one sampled species of Coryne. The coiynid genera Coiyne, Dipurena, and Sarsia are not revealed as mono- phyletic, further calling into question the morphological criteria used to classiiy them.
    [Show full text]
  • Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)(Thecate Hydroids) Willem Vervoort and Jeanette E
    ISSN 0083–7908; 119 The Marine Fauna of New Zealand:Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)(Thecate Hydroids) Willem Vervoort and Jeanette E. Watson Willem Vervoort The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids) Willem Vervoort and Jeanette E. Watson NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 119 COVER PHOTO: Endemic Dictyocladium monilifer (Hutton, 1873), Red Baron Caves, Poor Knights Islands. Photo: Malcolm Francis, NIWA.. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH (NIWA) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids) Willem Vervoort National Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden THE NETHERLANDS Jeanette E. Watson Honorary Associate, Museum of Victoria Melbourne 3000, AUSTRALIA NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 119 2003 1 Cataloguing in Publication VERVOORT, W.; WATSON, J.E. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids) / by Willem Vervoort and Jeanette E. Watson — Wellington : NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research), 2003 (NIWA Biodiversity memoir, ISSN 0083–7908: 119) ISBN 0-478-23261-6 I. Title II. Series Series Editor Dennis P. Gordon Typeset by Rose-Marie C. Thompson and Geoff Gregory National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) (incorporating N.Z. Oceanographic Institute) Wellington Received for publication — July 2000 © NIWA Copyright 2003 2 CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia)
    diversity Review On the Diversity of Phyllodocida (Annelida: Errantia), with a Focus on Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Nephtyidae, Polynoidae, Sphaerodoridae, Syllidae, and the Holoplanktonic Families Daniel Martin 1,* , Maria Teresa Aguado 2,*, María-Ana Fernández Álamo 3, Temir Alanovich Britayev 4 , Markus Böggemann 5, María Capa 6 , Sarah Faulwetter 7,8 , Marcelo Veronesi Fukuda 9 , Conrad Helm 2, Monica Angelica Varella Petti 10 , Ascensão Ravara 11 and Marcos A. L. Teixeira 12,13 1 Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), 17300 Blanes, Spain 2 Animal Evolution & Biodiversity, Georg-August-Universität, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; [email protected] 3 Laboratorio de Invertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; [email protected] 4 A. N. Severtzov Institute of Ecology and Evolution (RAS), 119071 Moscow, Russia; [email protected] 5 Fakultät II-Natur- und Sozialwissenschaften Department, University of Vechta, Fach Biologie, Driverstraße 22, 49377 Vechta, Germany; [email protected] 6 Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain; [email protected] 7 Department of Geology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; [email protected] 8 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, 19013 Anavyssos, Greece 9 Citation: Martin, D.; Aguado, M.T.; Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 04263-000, Brazil; [email protected] 10 Fernández Álamo, M.-A.; Britayev, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-120, Brazil; [email protected] 11 Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia, Campus de Santiago, T.A.; Böggemann, M.; Capa, M.; Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; [email protected] Faulwetter, S.; Fukuda, M.V.; Helm, 12 Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do C.; Petti, M.A.V.; et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Some Anthoathecate Hydroids and Limnopolyps
    Zootaxa 2590: 1–91 (2010) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2010 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 2590 Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago DALE R. CALDER Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by A. Collins: 15 May 2010; published: 31 Aug. 2010 Dale R. Calder Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago (Zootaxa 2590) 91 pp.; 30 cm. 31 August 2010 ISBN 978-1-86977-589-6 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-590-2 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2010 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2010 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 2590 © 2010 Magnolia Press CALDER Table of contents Abstract ..............................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • An Illustrated Inventory of the Sea Slugs of New South Wales, Australia (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)
    csiro publishing the royal society of victoria, 128, 44–113, 2016 www.publish.csiro.au/journals/rs 10.1071/rs16011 An illustrAted inventory of the seA slugs of new south Wales, AustrAliA (gAstropodA: heterobrAnchiA) Matt J. NiMbs1,2 aNd stepheN d.a. sMith1,2 1national Marine science centre, southern cross university, bay drive, coffs harbour nsw 2456, Australia 2Marine ecology research centre, southern cross university, lismore nsw 2480, Australia correspondence: Matt nimbs, [email protected] ABSTRACT: Although the indo-pacific is the global centre of diversity for the heterobranch sea slugs, their distribution remains, in many places, largely unknown. on the Australian east coast, their diversity decreases from approximately 1000 species in the northern great barrier reef to fewer than 400 in bass strait. while occurrence records for some of the more populated sections of the coast are well known, data are patchy for more remote areas. Many species have very short life- cycles, so they can respond rapidly to changes in environmental conditions. the new south wales coast is a recognised climate change hot-spot and southward shifts in distribution have already been documented for several species. however, thorough documentation of present distributions is an essential prerequisite for identifying further range extensions. while distribution data are available in the public realm, much is also held privately as photographic collections, diaries and logs. this paper consolidates the current occurrence data from both private and public sources as part of a broader study of sea slug distribution in south-eastern Australia and provides an inventory by region. A total of 382 species, 155 genera and 54 families is reported from the mainland coast of new south wales.
    [Show full text]