INVESTIGATIONS OF THE JUVENILE HERRING STOCKS IN THE STRAIT OF GEORGIA REGION, 1955
.. by
Alan s. Hourston
1956
bio logical S tation
Nanaimo , B.C., TABLE OF CONTENTS
I Introduction
II Population Estimates 2
A. Methods 2
B. Results 3
III Growth 5
A. Methods 5
B. Results 6
l. Introduction 6
2. Age-length relationship 6
3. Age -weight relationship 7
4. Weight-length relationship 7
IV Relationship to Adult Populations 8
A. Introduction 8
B. Tagging during 1955 8
c. Recoveries during the 1955-56 fishing season 9 V Relationship to Environment 10 A. . Introduction 10
B. Topography lO c. Temperature and salinity ll
D. Plankton ll
VI Summary ll VII Acknowledgements 13 VIII References 15 APPENDIX 1 - Average juvenile herring populations on the lower and 16 middle east coast of Vancouver Island forthe period 1940-1949 and in the San Juan Islands-District No. l Region tor 1953 as determined from the abundance of adult herring. Page APPENDIX 2 - Factors affecting the survival of tagged herring. 18
{a) Differences in the condition of the fish prior to tagging 19
(b} Differences in the effect of the tagg~ng operation 19 (1) Changes in general tagging technique 19 {11) Differences between lots of tags in the condition of tags 20
(iii) Differences in the technique of individual taggers 20
(c) Differences in the effect of the environment after tagging 22
APPENDIX 3 -- Extent of mixing indicated by recoveries of adult herring 23 tagged as juveniles during a survey in Barkley Sound (1951-54).
(a) Introduction 23 (b) Efficiency of reduction plant magnets in recovering 24 juvenile herring during the 1955-56 fishing season
(c) Recoveries of tags during the 1955-56 fishing season 25
{i ) Introduction 25
(ii} Homing by area 26
(iii) Homing by sub-district 26
APPENDIX 4 - Relationship of juvenile abundance to that of plankton 27 organisms in Barkley Sound during 1954 •. I INTRODUCTION
An investigation the population dynamics of juvenile herring in the Gulf' of Georgia was initiated in 1955 with a view to predicting recruitment to the adult populations in that region. A preliminary study carried out in Barkley Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island indicated that relative abundance or juveniles can be assessed by a survey method {Hourston, 1956). However, tags inserted in juveniles and recovered from adults taken in the fishery indicated a relatively great scattering of the herring be- tween the time of their offshore migration in the fall of their first year to their recruitment to the adult stocks; only about half of the tagged fish "homed". Consequently the unit of popula- tion of such a study within the Gulf of' Georgia should probably not only include the entire Gulf, but also neighbouring regions, such as Discovery Passage and Barkley Sound. The 1955 program was mainly exploratory. Facilities for surveying the entire Gulf' were not available so stress was laid on locating as many of the major stocks as possible. Since the adult population in the lower east coast comprises the majority of' the adult herring in this region, a relatively complete survey was made of that sub-district and adjacent waters (San Juan Islands, American mainland and District No. 1). The survey of the middle east coast sub-district was incomplete, but inclµded the most promising localities. No survey was made of' Barkley Sound as the general picture for that area had been' determined for the previous four years {Hourston, 1956). - 2 -
A tagging program was initiated in the area surveyed to determine the relationship of its juvenile stocks to the adult populations. Observations of temperature and salinity were made during the survey in an effort to relate juvenile abundance to environmental conditions. Gertain additional data on the preliminary Barkley Sound study which were not available when this study was reported (Hourston, 1956) have been appended to this report. These include returns of tags inserted in juveniles in Barkley Sound and an analysis of the abundance of potential juvenile food organisms.
II POPULATION ESTIMATES A. Methods The juvenile herring population in each locality surveyed was estimated by counting the number of "average" schools observed
flipping at the surface and showing on the echo-sounder tracings. Juvenile herring schools may be readily observed flipping at the surface for about a two-hour period at dawn and at dusk. Scouting was confined to this period. A survey conducted in Barkley Sound (Hourston, 1956) indicated that after mid-July the juveniles tend to form schools of about 10,000 fish. Such an "average" school showed several flips at a time, generally in a circle about
one to two feet in diameter, and occupied a surface area of' about 20 to 30 feet square. In late summer and early fall the schools often mingled to form large masses of fish; sometimes over a million fish would be schooled together in this manner. These bodies of fish were estimated in terms of the number of "average" - 3 -
schools they contained from the number of circles or "groups" of flips showing, and from the area they occupiedo When weather conditions were unfavourable the juveniles tended to stay farther below the surface. Also when the fish were very abundant, they usually extended to considerable depths. Schools below the depth of the draught of the scouting vessel (eight feet) were estimated from the marks they made on echo-sounder tracings. The Barkley Sound survey (Hourston, 1956) indicated that an "average" school (i.e., 10,000 fish) makes a mark about 1.5 millimeters deep (the distance between two fine lines on Bendix sounder paper) and one to three scratches wide when passed over at a speed of seven to nine knots. Since other species present at this time of year tend to be found in different types of localities and under different conditions, and since their behaviour, and hence the type of mark they produce, is somewhat different. to that of the young herring, their confusion with juvenile herring was unlikely. Also juvenile herring form by far the largest part of the young fish stocks in these localities at this time of the year, so any errors.resulting from mistakes in identification should be small.
B. Results Estimates of the juvenile herring stocks were tabulated by region; namely - San Juan Islands and adjacent mainland waters (Table I}, District Noo l {Table II), .the lower east coast (Areas 17A 17B 18 and 19} of Vancouver Island {Table III), and the middle east coast (Areas13, 14, 15 and 16) of Vancouver -4 -
Island (Table IV)o Localities scouted are shown in Figure 1 and juvenile rearing grounds in Figure 2. The middle east coast survey was incomplete. The totals for each region are tabulated below, along with average juvenile abundance in the lower and middle east coast sub-districts for the ten year period 1942-43 to 1951-52 calculated from the potential number of recruits at Age III and natural mortality rates between Age I and Age III (Appendix I). Comparable data were not available for the San Juan Islands and District No. 1, but.a rough estimate based on spawn deposition in 1955 was included.
Region Abundance ( x'l06)
Observed, 1955 Calculated AverageMaximumMinimum San Juan Islands 60.09 1042 .. •• District Noo 1 21.93 Lower east coast 168.54 725 1014 437 Middle east coast 38032 346 731 115
The estimate for the San Juan Islands-District No. 1 region seems unduly low. Since data from this region are sparse, the estimate was considered unreliable. The middle east coast estimate was also considered unreliable as the survey was in- complete. However, data for the lower east coast should be compar- able. Information gathered from interviews with local residents and fishermen indicate that abundance of juveniles in 1955 was much higher than in the immediately preceding years. Thus survey esti- mates probably covered about one-fifth of the fish present . This - 5 -
compares well with estimates on completeness of scouting surveys for Barkley Sound in 19.51 1/5.5 and 19.52 (1/7.5} based on simultaneous Schnabel-type marking experiments (Hourston, 1956 butnot forthe 1953 and 1954 surveys• The 1953 estimates were considered low but the 1954 estimates were consideredrepresenta- ti ve ( 1/25). However calculations. similar to the above gave
observed and calculated abundances of 24.98 and 31.8 million fish respectively, indicating a 1.15 ratio to be more likelyo This higher ratio may be related to the tendency of the Barkley Sound fish to be scattered in smallergroups However, it is the relative rather than absolute estimates of year-class strength which are of primary interest. Surveys of Barkley Sound indicated that the 1952 year-class was below average strength as juveniles and the 1953 year-class was above average. At recruitment the 1952 year-class was well below average strength and the 1953 year-classwell above average. According to local reports the 19 55 year-class in the Strait ofGeorgia is above average in strength but nno direct comparison can be made until thecompletion of another survey in 1956 .
III GROWTH
A. Methods Small samples (1-30 fish) of juvenile herring were taken by herring rake occasionally during the scouting survey. Samples of over 100 fish were taken from each school seined during the tagging program. Other investigators contributed samples taken by beach seine and by otter trawl in the San Juan Islands. All - 6 -
samples were preserved in 5 percent formalin. Each sample was dumped onto a tray, thoroughly mixed, and, working from one side across the tray, 100 fish were removed and their standard length measured to the nearest 0.5 mm. Average. length was computed from these measurementso The 100 fish were then weighed as a unit, and the average weight determined. The average weight of the remainder of the sample was similarly obtained as a check on the randomness of selection of fish for weighing. Nine samples were taken from the San Juan Islands, one from District No. I, eighteen from the lower east coast sub-district and two from the middle east coast sub-district (Table V).
B. Results (1) Introduction Growth was analysed in the form of Age-length, age-weight and length-weight relationships. Age was taken as the number of days af'ter the "average" hatching date {April 3) • This date was 14 days (the approximate incubation period) after the middle of the period of major spawnings (March 20).
(2) Age-length Relationship A plot of the logarithm. of the length against date of capture and calculated average age did not indicate any distinct trend (Figure 3). The wide scatter probably results from the wide age range (seven weeks) represented by the "average" age. A similar scatter was shown for samples from Barkley Sound in 1951, 1952, 1953, and 1954• - '7 -
(3) Age-weight RelationshiR A plot of the logarithm. of the weight against date of capture and calculated age also showed a wide scatter and the lack of any distinct trend {Figure 4), presumably for the same reasons as. the age-length relationship.
(4) Weight-length Relationship The logarithm. of_ the weight showed a linear relationship when plotted against the logarithm of the length (Figure 5). The line was drawn by inspection and its equation determined as: log W • 3.11 log L - .5.12 similar plots for samples taken from Departure Bay in 1950 and 1951 (Hourston, 1956) were: 1950 log W = 3.41 log L - 5.71 1951 log W = 3.48 log L - 5.80 These fish attained a greater weight for a given length than did the 1955 fish from the Gulf of Georgia. The Departure Bay fish may thus tend to be heavier for their length than the average fish in the Gulf of Georgia, or, the 1955 fish may be lighter for their length. Either or both of these possibilities may be responsible for the difference found. There are indications that the 1955 year-class is above average in this region and thus that competition for food may have been greater in 1955, resulting in slimmer fish on the average. On the other hand the 1955 relationshipresembles closely the relationships determined for the juvenile herring in Barkley Sound for each yearfrom 1951 to 19.54, and thus the Departure Bay trend may be aberrant. - 8 -
IV TO ADULT POPULATIONS A. Introduction
An investigation.of the juvenile herring stocks in Barkley Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island (Hourston, 1956) indicated that the juveniles remain inshore until early fall, when they migrate offshore in large schools and do not reappear in inshore waters in appreciable numbers until they join the spawning stocks. At this time only about half return to the area in which they were reared. Two samples of II-year fish taken from the stomachs of sei whales captured near the edge of the continental shelf (Table VI) bear out this contention of a II-year offshore stage. Since the young herring appear to mix with various adult populations during this offshore stage, an estimate of the extent of this mixing is prerequisite to relating juvenile stocks to adult populations. To this end, a tagging program in the Gulf of Georgia was begun in 1955. Returns from the Strait of Georgia of tags inserted in Barkley Sound are also pertinent tothis study.
B. Tagging during_ 1955 Nine taggings were carried out in 1955 covering all \ major regions surveyed. Individual taggings (Table VII) are summarized below by area. - 9 -
Region -Area Locality No . of tags San Juan Islands us Stuart Island 3953 District No. I 28 Gambier Island 3149 Lower east coast 17B Kuper Island 3130 17B DeCourcy Group 412 18 Mayne Island 2118 Middle east .coast 14 Baynes Sound 3035 16 Jervis Inlet 4256
A discussion, based on work carried out in Barkley Sound, of factors affecting the survival of tagged juvenile herring is given in Appendix 2.
c. Recoveries during the 1955-56 fishing season In 1953, 8,437 juvenile herring were tagged in Departure Bay {.Area l?A) in connection with a population study of juvenile herring in Barkley Sound (Area 23). Although this year-class would normally be recruited in 1955-56, none of these tags were recovered from the fishery. Since the Barkley Sound taggings resulted in a return of 2 out of 18,181 tags, the lack of any returns from 8,437 tags in Area l 7A is not surprising. A revised analysis of the returns from the Barkley Sound taggings in the light of 22 additional recoveries in 1955-56 Appendix3) indicate less homing tendency on the part of the tagged juveniles at large for two and three years (44 and 45 percent respectively) than that of tagged adults at large for a comparable period (82 and 72 percent). The major portion (about 70 percent} of the immigrationwas to the lower east coast sub-district. If this migration is reciprocated to a comparable - 10 - extent by the lower east coast juveniles, a population study of the juvenile herring in the Gulf of Georgia should include the Barkley Sound stocks.
V RELATIONSHIP TO ENVIRONMENT A. Introduction Observations of some environment conditions (topography, salinity and temperature) were taken in conjunction with the scouting program in an effort to obtain some indication of the effect of these factors on the distribution and abundance of juveniles. Similar studies in Barkley Sound ind.icated a relationship to topography, the juveniles tending· to concentrate in the shallow sheltered waters of bays and inlets and around islands (Hourston, 1956).
No correlation was found betweenthe presence or abundance of juveniles with temperature or salinity or the extent of the depth gradients in these factors, but juvenile habitats almost always had shallow thermoclines and seldom had high salinities.
B. Topography As in Barkley Sound, the juvenile herring in the Strait of Georgia were found mainly in shallow sheltered waters of bays, inlets, and channels. A striking example of their apparent pre- ference for sheltered waters was evident in a scouting of Burgoyne Bay on the west coast of Saltspring Island on July 24. There were several patches of ruffled surfaces within the bay at the time of the survey, and although there were large quantities of juveniles in the bay showing at the surface on the echo-sounder (the estimated population was fourmillion). the fish abruptly ceased to show, - 11 -
either at the surface or on the sounder, upon entering these rough patches. This phenomenon was observed on every one of ten such runs.
Observations in other localities showed similarphenomena but less strikingly.
C. Temperature and salinity Hydrographic casts were made in many of the localities scouted using Fjarlie bottles at depths of 10,20,40 and 60 feet. Bathythermograph casts were employed simultaneously to check temper-
ature and show gradients. Surface samples were taken with a bucket. Temperature was recorded and salinity samples taken for analysis. The results (Table VIII) showed no apparent relationship between the distribution and abundance of juveniles and salinity or temperature or the gradients in these factors. At most depths sampled, juvenileswere found throughout the entire range of salinity and temperature found. While most localities showing distinct thermoclines also contained juveniles, juveniles were also abundant in many +ocalities which had little or no thermocline. During a similar survey in Barkley Sound, virtually all juvenile rearing grounds had distinct, shallow thermoclines, but many localities devoid of juveniles also had thermoclines of this nature .
D. Plankton No stud.ies of food organisms were made in 1955· However, plankton samples taken from Barkley Sound in 1954 were sorted and roughly counted. These data are recorded in Appendix 4.
VI SUMMARY 1. A survey of the juvenile (first year) herring population in - 12 -
the Strait of Georgia was carried out from July to October 1955.
2. On the basis of the number and size of schools of juveniles showing at the surface at dawn and dusk and an echo-sounder tracing, abundance was estimated at 60, 22, 169 and 38 million fish in the San Juan Islands, District No. I, lower east coast sub-distr1c1 and middle east coast sub-district respectively. The latter survey was incomplete. Calculations based on recruitment and natural mortality from Age I to recruitment indicate that the survey located about one-fifth of the average amount of juveniles in these waters. However, the estimates should suffice for comparison of relative abundance from place to place and from year to year.
3. Growth studies showed the 1955 juveniles in the Gulf of Georgia did notattain as great a weight atagiven length as did Departure Bay fish in 1950 and 19 51. The 1955 juvenile popula-
tion appears to have been relatively large, and thus a slower growth rate might be expected. However, the Departure Bay fish may be relatively heavier than the average forthe Strait as the
1955 weight-length relationship for the Gulf of Georgia was similar to those found for Barkley Sound in 1951 through 1954. No distinct trend was evident in either the age-length and age- weight relationships, presumably due to the wide age range
represented by the "average" age employed.
4. At the end of the summer, 3,953 small body-cavity tags were inserted in the San Juan Islands, 3149 in District No. I, - 13 -
5,650 in the lower east coast and 7,291 in the middle east coast.
Most of these fish willmature for the 1957-58 fishery, when tags in the catch should be recovered by magnets in the reduction plants. Returns should roughly indicate extent of homing.
Returns of tags inserted in juvenile herring in Barkley Sound indicate that emigration may be extensive.
5. Juvenile distribution and abundance appeared to be related to topography; the young herring were consistently abundant only in the shallow, sheltered waters of inlets, bays and channels between islands. No.relationship to temperature or salinity, or to gradients in these factors was indicated.
VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The assistance provided by members of the Herring Inves- tigation staff is gratefully ackowledged. Owen Morgan and John Rees assisted in the scouting survey and John Rees carried out the tagging program with the assistance of Albert Rigby. Captain A.N. Yates and the crew of "Investigator No. I" not only cooperated fully in their official capacities but also provided active assis- tance in the scouting and tagging programs. Dr. W. s. Hoar and M. A. Newman of the University of British Columbia provided samples of juvenile herring taken during their own studies. Various fisheries officers, fishermen and local residents provided useful information concerning the whereabouts and local habits of juveniles. Special thanks go to R.J. LeBrasseur of the Biological Station, Nanaimo, B.C. for analysis of the plankton samples from Barkley - 14 -
Sound and to the Pacific Oceanographic Group for providing the Fjarliewater samplers and reversing thermometers and for analysis of the salinity samples. The Bathythermograph was loaned by the Institute of Oceanography, University of British Columbia. Finally thanks are extended to F.H.c. Taylor, scientist-in-charge of herring research and Dr. A.W.H. Needler, Director of the Biological Station, Nanaimo, B. C. for their interest and suggestions and for providing facilities to execute the program. - 15 -
VIII REFERENCES
Hourston, A. s. 1956. Population dynamics of juvenile herring in Barkley Sound, British Columbia as an integral part of the life history. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Los Angeles.
Tester, A. L. 1955. Estimation of recruitment and natural mortality rate from age-composition and catch data in British Columbia herring populations. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 12(5), 649-681.
\ - 16 -
.APPENDIX 1
AVERAGE JUVENILE HERRING POPULATIONS ON THE LOWER AND MIDDLE EAST COASTS OF VANCOUVER ISLAND FOR THE PERIOD 1940-1949 AND IN THE SAN JUAN ISLANDS- DISTRICT NO. l REGION FOR 1953 AS DETERMINED FROM ABUNDANCE OF ADULT HERRING. An estimate of the abundance of a year-class of herring as juveniles may be obtained from the abundance of that year-class at recruitment and mortality rates in the interim9 Recruitment in these sub-districts takes place mainly at
Age III, year-class strength at Age III (N111 ) isgiven by:
where CIII = catch at Age III
BIII m spawners at Age III
RIII = fraction of recruitment by Age III There was no fishery in United States waters and the fishery in District Noo I was negligible. Records of spawning in this general region in 1955 indicate a spawning population of 1.40 million fish. Age composition data are not available for this region but employing the age-composition data for the adjacent lower east coast (58 percent III-year fish) there would have been 0.81 million III-year fish in the spawning population. (Actually, since this region is not subject to a fishery, the number of III-year fish is probably considerably less than the above estimate as older fish should form a larger portion of the stocko) Data on CIII + BIII are available for both the lower east coast and middle east coast sub-districts over a period of years and are tabulated below, along with CII and CI determinations for 1942-43 to 1951-52, the first ten years of the present phase of the fishery (Tester, 1955, Period .5). - .
- 17 -
Year Lower east coast Middle east coast Class CIII + BIII CII CI CIII + BIII CII CI 1940 526.5 12.7 •• 398.4 25.6 • • 1941 304.5 36.6 •• 60.1 6.3 o.a 1942 376.2 41.5 •• 71.0 29.0 • • 1943 50,5.8 95.2 .2 121.2 4.1 3.1 1944 226.1 29.2 1.6 116.o 0.5 • • 1945 257.3 20.9 • .5 107.4 10.9 • • 1946 538.3 6.o 6.7 310.5 15.4 2.0 1947 393.7 11.2 1.6 331.9 3.3 0.2 1948 387.6 5.4 .3 144.2 3.9 0.1 1949 .414.1 16.o .1 234.4 4.6 0.1 Average 393.01 27 .471.10 189.51 10.360.6 A correction should be applied to the above determinations
ofCIII + BIII to include that portion of the fish taken by the fishery which would have survived to Age III had there been no fishing.
RIII
CI and c11 are given in the above tabulation for each sub-district. Applying Tester's (1955) estimates of natural mortality for the lower east coast, SII-III • .779 and SI-III = .691. Tester also gives R values for the lower east coast which indicate that by Age III, R = .828. Thus NIII = 393.01 + 27.47 x .779 + 110 x .691 = 501.42 for the lower east coast .828 and NIII = 189.51 + l0.36 x .779 + o.6 x .691 = 239.12 for the .828 middle east coast .. - 18 -
Also NIII • .81 == .98 for the San Juan Islands-District No. .828 I region. N Now N • III NI = for the lower east coast 8I-:t:tt == 346.05 for the middle east coast 91 = = 1.42 for the San Juan Islands- 691. District No. I region. Similarly, for the lower east coast; largest year-class (1943) NI == .. 8 + 2 + .. . .828 91 . = .. 16 smallest year-class (1944) NI = 226.1 + .. 2 .779 + 1.6 .691 . . . .691
and the middle east coast; largest year-class (1940) Nr • 398.4 + 25 .. 6 x . .828 .691 .. smallest year-class (1941) NI = + + o.8 .691 . . .828 .. 114.69.
.APPENDIX 2 AFFECTING THE SURVIVAL OF TAGGED JUVENILE HERRING The number of returns obtained from individual taggings of juvenile herring varies considerably (O to.2 percent). This variation could result from: 1) Selective effects of the fishery .- 2) Differential mortality in the tagged fish (a) Due to differences in the condition of the fish prior to tagging (b) Due to differences in the effect of the tagging operation - 19 -
(c) Due to differences in the effect of the environ- ment after tagging. The extent of mixing exhibited by the returns of tagged fish would indicate that the first factor is minor. The second factor, however, could appreciably attect results. Some control can, however, be exerted over it. (a) Differences in the condi tion of the fish prior to tagging. Overcrowding live-pounds, leaving fish confined for a prolonged period, moving the live-pounds or leaving live-pounds where they are subjected to appreciable wave action could all reduce the viability of the fish. Care has been taken to avoid these first two situations but occasionally a choice has to be made with respect to the last two. In these instances the relative survival appears to have been affected in some, but not all, cases. Practical expediency precludes elimination of all taggings under these cir- cumstances. (b} Differences in the effect of the tagging operation. Such differences could result from: (1) changes in the general tagging technique, (2) differences between lots of tags in the condition of the tags {rough edges etc.), ( (3) differences in the techniques of individual taggers.
(i) Changes in general tagging technique. Although preliminary tagging experiments were carried out, the first factor may have had some effect on the 1951 te.ggings. Techniques were not clearly established at the beginning of' the 1951 tagging program and may not have been as uniform as in other years. Since that time - 20 - efforts have been made to keep the technique as standard as possible. (ii) Differences between lots of tags in the condition of' tags. Some of the first lots of tags made did not have as smooth surfaces as later lots as the techniques of manufacture had not been finalized. These tags were inserted mainly in 1951, and may have been a factor in the low returns from that year. Since that time the condition of the tags has been relatively standard.
(iii) Differences in the techniques of individual taggers. Percentage returns of tags inserted by individual taggers varies from 0 to .428 percent (Table IX). While these differences are probably associated with at least some of theabove factors to some extent, returns from single taggings vary for the individual taggers, as indicated in the following tabulation of data from a tagging carried out in Dixon Bay (Area 24) on September 16, 1952.
Number Percentage Tagger tagged Recoveries Recovery 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56 All Years AP 1559 2 l 2 5 .321 BW 1570 1 1 2 .127 ES 1510 2 2 .132 The first tagger had considerably more experience at tagging adult herring and had tagged some juvenile herring prior to 1952. The other two taggers had not tagged juveniles prior to 1952. It would thus appear that the extent of experience of the tagger affeets the number of returns to be expected. On this premise the records of all taggers were examined on the basis of experience according to three categories,namely: - 21 -
Class 1 - considerable experience in tagging adult herring and/or some experience tagging juvenile herring (over 3000 fish tagged), Class 2 - some experience tagging adult or juvenile herring, Class 3 - no experience tagging herring. These categories are somewhat artificial in that some taggers pick up techniques faster than others and the time interval between taggings would affect technique development. Nevertheless they should provide a basis for comparison. The results (Table IX) are summarized below the number of returns on which each was based given in parentheses.
Class Percentage Recovery of Taggings 19.51 1952 1953 All l. .019 .197 .016 .080 (1) (27) (3) (31) 2 .042 .097 0 ... 071 (1) (4} (0) ( .5) 3 0 .261 0 .150 (O) (13) ( 0) ( 13)
3(a) 0 .083 0 (0) (2) (0) .033(2
The relatively large return for Class 3 taggers is the result of the returns for one tagger. Although completely inexperienced his percentage return was much higher than any other tagger. Ignoring this atypical case the percentage return for Class 3 is given as Class (3a) above. On this basis, percentage return increases with tagging experience. Another comparison may be drawn between taggers with scientificbackground and those without such background. The - 22 -
results are as follows:
Taggers Percentage Recovery of Taggings 1951 1952 1953 All Scientists .280 .026 .106 Non-scientist.015 .130 .007 .060
The scientists included two from Class l above, one from Class 2 and one from Class 3. The latter two had the highest percentage recovery in their categories. The better record of the scientists probably indicates an ability to acquire tecbniques with a minimum of experience and a familiarity with handling specimens. Although a scientific background tends to produce greater initial efficiency, experience and natural aptitude seem to be the prerequisites of a good tagger. Since all taggers involved in the 1955 program had considerable experience, it is hoped that the effect of differences in techniques of the individual taggers has been minimized.
(c) Differences in the effect of the environment after tagging. Immediately after tagging a fish is suffering from shock, if not appreciable injury. Consequently it is less able to resist environmental stresses. The most obvious of this is predation. In an effort to minimize this effect. a trial was made releasing tagged fish into a live-pound for protection until they had had an opportunity to adjust to their modified condition. However, the juveniles showed an almost universal tendency to dash wildly about for the first f'ew seconds and damaged themselves on the side of the pound. This method was therefore abandoned in favour of line - 23 -
fishing for predators during tagging, using damaged juveniles as bait. Generally several predators were caught during the early part of the tagging operation, with the catch falling off to virtually nothing after the first half hour. While this provided some protection to the newly tagged fish its effect was undoubtedly incomplete.
Other stresses such as borderline temperature, salinity
and feeding conditions offer no immediate cures •
APPENDIX 3 EXTENT OF MIXING INDICATED BY RECOVERIES OF ADULT HERRING TAGGED AS JUVENILES DURING A SURVEY IN BARKLEY SO'OTul) (1951-54). (a) Introduction Juvenile herring were tagged in 1951, 1952 and 1953 to determine the relationship of the juvenile herring stocks in Barkley Sound to the adult populations in British Columbia (Hourston, 1956).
Taggings are summarized below by area and year:
Area Number of tags inserted 19 .51 1952 1953 Total 17A •• • • 8,437 8,437 \ 23 11,373 20,338 18,181 49,892
24 00 5,655 .. 5,655 25 •• 1,980 .. 1,980 11,373 27,933 26,618 65,924 Six tags were recovered in the 1953-54 fishery and 22 in the 1954-55 fishery. The returns, corrected for the probable efficiency of the various plants at recovering tags, indicate 51 percent homing - 24 - of the Barkley Sound f'ish, while 43 percent joined the lower east coast spawning stocks. Since the report on this study (Hourston, 1956) 22 additional tags were recovered from the 1955-56 fishery. The data have been reassessed in the light of these returns.
(b) Efficiencyof reduction plant magnets in recovering juvenile herring tags during the 1955-56 fishing season . In order that the number of tags recovered from one region may be compared to that from another region there must be equal opportunity of recovering all tags in the catch from either region.
Different recoverymechanisms (magnets on meal lines in reduction plants) vary in efficiency. A factor accounting for this variance must be applied to the returns from different regions if they are to be quantitatively comparable. This factor is determined for each plant operating by a series of tests of the efficiency of the plant magnet in recovering tags. A given number of tags is inserted in fish as they enter the plant and the percentage of these recovered. by the plant magnet is taken as the percentage efficiency of that plant at recovering tags. Similar tests were run simultaneously with adult tags. A comparison between the plant efficiency at recovering each type of tag permits rough calculations of plant efficiency for juvenile tags from tests made with adult tags when no direct data are avail- able for juvenile tags. Twenty-four tests were carried out in twelve plants during the 1955-56 fishing season (Table X). The average efficiency was 66 percent for all plants and 60 percent for major plants (7 plants which handle over 90 percent of the catch). This compares with values of 68 and 70 percent in 1954-55 and 73 percent for both - 25 -
in 1953-54. The ratio of jlvenile to adult efficiency was .77 in 1955-56 as compared with .78 in 1954-55 and .83 in 1953-54. In general, agreement is relatively good between data for the three years, indicating that plant efficiency estimates is probably fairly stable. To correct the number of tag returns for variations in magnet efficiency, the returns from each plant for each day are divided by the plant efficiency as determined from the test made at the time closest to that day. Where no plant test was made near that day, the average efficiency for that plant is used.
(c} Recoveries of tags during the 1955-56 fishing season. (1) Introduction. Twenty-two tags were recovered during the 1955-56 fishing season, mainly from taggings carried out in 1952. Many of these returns could not be assigned with certainty to any locality or area because of the mixing of fish from different catches within the reduction plants. However, the most probable place of recovery was determined for most tags and other possible localities are given in parenthesis (Table XI). A tabulation by sub-districts separating certain and probable returns for the past three fisheries, (Table XII) shows a lesser homing tendency when only certain recoveries are considered than when "probable" recoveries are included. This difference presumably results from the greater mixing in the plants of fish from the lower west coast and adjacent (upper west coast and lower east coast) sub-districts than for fish from other sub-districts. For this reason, and since one-third of the returns could not be classified with certainty, considerations of the extent of homing were based on "probable" returns. Four of the 1955-56 returns - 26 - could not be classified as homing or emigrating fish and were excluded from the following considerationso
(ii) Homing by Area. The extent of homing by area of the Area 23 and Area 24 fish is given in the following tabulation. Probable recoveries have been corrected for plant magnet efficiency at recovering juvenile tags (Table X) and the proportion of the catch searched by plant magnets (Table XII). Figures in parenthesis are the actual number of returns.
Years at Tagging Probable Area of Recovery Percent large area 2B(E), 7 17B 18 18 23 24 All homing 3 23 • • • • 4.1 4 • .5 8 .. 4 •• 17.0 49 (.2) (3) ( 6) (11} (55) 24 1 .. 3 •• •• 2.8 3.4 7.5 4.5 {1) (2) (2) { 5) (40)
2 23 • • • • •• 2.8 • • 2.8 100 •• (2) ( 2) (100)
Thus 48 percent (11.8/24.5) of the fish at large for three years homed to their rearing grounds. Since only two tagged fish were recaptured after two years at large,the 100 percent homing for fish at large for two years is probably not representative.
(iii) Homing by sub-district.•. Since adult herring populations occupy a larger territory than the individual areas a more practical concept of extent of homing would be that involving sub-districts. Corrected probable recoveries were tabulated by sub-district, year and number of years at large (Table XIV). Comparable data for recoveries of fish tagged as adults was also 56 tabulated (Table XV). Fish tagged as juveniles showed 44 percent - 2'7 -
62 homing after two years and 45 percent after three years. This is
considerably less (about one-third) than that shown by fish tagged 90 as adults 82 and 72 percent respectively). Data were considered inadequate for comparison of tags at large for one year as only three such juvenile tags were recovered. Thus the juveniles show greater wandering tendencies than do adults. A larger unit of population than the "adult population" may therefore be necessary tor considera- tion relating population data on juveniles to that on adults. Most of the juveniles emigrating from the lower west coast sub-district moved to the lower east coast and these two sub-districts may form a suitable unit for such considerations. On the other hand, mixing between the lower and middle east coast sub-districts seems equally probable. However, it remains to be seen whether juveniles tagged on the lower east coast reciprocate this emigration.
APPENDIX 4 RELATIONSHIP OF JUVENILE ABUNDANCE TO THAT OF PLANKTON ORGANISMS IN BARKLEY SODND DURING 19 54
Nine weekly synoptic cruises covering 34 stations in Barkley Sound were made in the summer of 1954 in conjunction with a juvenile herring investigation there (Hourston, 1956). Data collected included plankton samples. These were taken by a Hardy small plankton sampler towed at a depth of about 15 feet for a distance or approx- imately two miles, resulting in the straihing of about one cubic meter of water. Volumetric analysis of the samples showed relatively low quantities of plankton where the juvenile herring were abundant, possibly the effect of predation by the juveniles. - 28 -
During the past year these samples were sorted by groups, the approximate abundance of each group in each sample was recorded
(Table XVI). No relationship is.evident betweenthe abundance of any group and that of juvenile herring. With the probable exception of phytoplankton, dinoflagellates and annelids these organisms are probably all eaten by juvenile herring and consequently herring abundance would not be related to that of any single group of zoo- plankton.
\ \ LIST OF FIGURES Text Reference Page Page lo Map of the Strait of Georgia region showing 30 major localities mentioned in the text. 4
2o Map of the Strait of Georgia showing juvenile herring rearing grounds in black. 4 31
3o The relationship of the logarithm of the length to date of capture and calculated average age for samples of juvenile herring taken from the Gulf of Georgia in 1955· 6
4o The relationship of the logarithm. of the weight to date of capture and calculated average age for samples of juvenile herring taken from the Gulf of Georgia in 1955·
5. The relationship of the logarithm. of the length to the logarithm of the weight for samples of juvenile herring taken from the Gulf of Georgia in 1955. 7 Figure l. Map of the Strait of Georgia region showing major localities mentioned in the text. 3)
Figure 2. Map of the Strait of Georgia region showing juvenile herring rearing grounds in black. AGE IN DAYS 90 100 llO 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
80 o UNDER 20 FISH IN SAMPLE FISH IN SAMPLE 70
::c l- 0 (!) z 08 w 40 ..J 0
20 30 SEPT OCT
FIG. 3. The relationship of the logarithm. of the length to date of capture and calculated average age for samples of' juvenile herring taken from the Gulf of Georgia in 1955.
AGE IN DAYS
90 100 110 120 130 140
70
UNDER 20 FISH IN
OVER 20 FISH IN SAMPLE 50
40
20
w
10 09
08
07
06 0
10 20 30 10 20 10 20 30 10 20 30 JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPT 1 0 CT
FIG. 4. The relationship of the logarithm of the weight to date of capture and calculated average age for samples of juvenile herring taken from the Gulf of Georgia in 1955. 7-0 o UNDER 20 FISH !N SAMPLE 60 o OVER 20FISH
50
4·0
3·0
z 2·0
w ;: 1-5
i
4 LENGTH IN MM.
FIG 5. The relationship of the logarithmof the length to the logarithm of the weight :for samples or juvenile herring taken f:ro.m the Gulf of Georgia in 1955. LIST OF TABLES Text Reference Page I. Estimated abundance (Thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in the San Juan Islands, 1955·
IIo Estimated abundance (Thousands of fish) of juvenile
herring in District No. 1 (Vancouver region) and adjacent United States waters, 1955·
III. Estimated abundance (Thousands of fish) of juvenile ) herring in the Lower East Coast Sub-district, 1955· 41
IV. Estimated abundance (Thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in regions of the Middle East Coast Sub- district scouted in 1955 (Area 15 and parts of Areas 13 and 16 not scouted). 4
V. Average lengths and weights of juvenile herring in samples taken from the Strait of Georgia, 1955· 6
VI. Average lengths of II.-year herring in the stomachs of sea whales captured off the west coast of Vancouver Island. 8
VII. Record of tags inserted in juvenile herring during 1956. 8 5 1
VIII. Salinities (‰) and temperature (oc) in localities scouted in the Gulf of Georgia, 1955· ll
IX. Efficiency in tagging juvenile herring of various taggers and groups of taggers, as indicated by the recoveries of tags inserted during 1951, 1952 and 1953· 20 X. Efficiency of plant recovery of juvenile test tags during the 1955-56 fishing seasono 24
XI. Tag recoveries by reduction plant magnets during the 1955-56 herring fishing season. 25
XII. Recoveries of tags inserted in juvenile herring in Barkley Sound, 1951-53· 2.5
XIII. Tag return correction factors for proportion of
catch searched by plant magnets. 26
XIV. Probable recoveries (corrected for plant magnet efficiency and tonnage searched) during the 1955-56, 1954-55 and 1953-54 fisheries of tags inserted in juvenile herring in Barkley Sound. 26
XV. Probable recoveries (corrected for plant magnet efficiency and tonnage searched) during the 1955-56, 1954-55 and 1953-54 fisheries of tags inserted in adult herring in Barkley Sound which were at large from one to three years. 26
\ XVI. Relative abund.ance of juvenile herring and approx- imate abundance of probable food organisms, dino- flagellates and phytoplankton in a series of six hauls at each of 34 stations in Barkley Sound, 1954. 28 ------_,_ .. .
Table I -Estimatedabundance (thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in the San Juan Islands, 1955.
Locality Abundance x 103
San Juan Island East side Friday Harbourto Turn Rock 1,280 North Bay 50 Friday Harbour to Reid Rock 320 S.W. side Cattle Pt. to Eagle Cove 600 Eagle Cove to Deadman Bay .. West side Deadman Bay to Mosquito Pass .. Mosquito Passage 40 Mitchell Bay 870 Garrison Bay 180 Westcott Bay 80 Roche Harbour 430 Open Bay 490 Henry Island - West side 190 San Juan Channel 2,810 Shaw Island South-w west side OffPoint George 190 Parks Bay 20 Parks Bay to Neck Point 40 Southeast side Indian Cove .. ' Shaw Island to Orcas Island ... Orcas Island South side Deer Harbour .. Deer Harbour to Pole Passage 140 Pole Passage •• West Sound 30 East Sound Buck Bay 2,340 Buck Bay to Cascade Bay .. Cascade Bay to Ship Bay 80 Ship Bay 820 \ Fishing Bay . 310 Fishing Bay to Dolphin 60 Dolphin to Obstruction Island .. Obstruction Island North side Observation Passage 7,700 Southeast side Peavine Passage 2,210 Decatur Island - East side 120 Lopez Island North side Upright Channel to Indian Cove .. Shoal Bay .. East ·side Lopez Sound .. Swifts Bay •• - 2 -
Table I (cont'd).
Locality Abundance x 103
Mud Bay Hunter Bay 480 Lopez Pass to Shoal Bight 520 Telegraph Bay 280 Watmough Bight .. South side Watmough Bight to McArdle Bay l,190 Aleck Bay 300 AleckBay to Iceberg Point 240 Outer Bay 100 Mackaye Harbour 120 Charles Island North side 50 South side 980 Long Island 220 Davis Bay 130 Blakeley Island West side Peavine Passage to Thatcher Bay 6,660 South side Thatcher Passage 60 Southeast side .. Blakely Island to Cypress Island •• Cypress Island West side Strawberry Bay •• East side Bellingham Channel 300 Guemes Island West and south sides l,870 East side 0. Guemes Island to Hat Island 60 Hat Island to Fildago Island 60 Fildago Island North side Fildago Bay 80 Guemes Channel •• Guemes Channel Fildago Island Ship Harbour to Cypress Island 50 Cypress Island to Vendovi Island •• Bellingham Bay 250 Lumrni Island North side Hale Pass .. Lummi Island to Vendovi Island 60 Clark and Barnes Islands 40 Clark and Barnes Island to Matia Island •• Matia Island South side 230 Matia Island to Sucia Island .. 3 -
Table I {cont'd)
Locality Abundance x 103
Sucia Island .. Northeast side Echo Bay 1,380 Southwest side 810 Sucia Island to Patos Island •• Patos Island 40 Waldron Island Northwest side .. North Bay 260 Southeast side 30 Southwest side 1,480 Waldron Island to Cactus Island .. Cactus and Johns Islands 5,980 Spieden Island ... Spieden Island to Stuart Island .. Stuart Island Southwest side East side 640 Reid Harbour 4,740 Johns Pass 400 Northeast side 200 North side 270 Prevost Harbour 6,980 Satellite Island 1,1.50
TOTAL FOR SAN JUAN ISLANDS - 66,090 Table II - Estimatted abundance (thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in District 1 (Vancouver Region) and adjacent United States waters, 1955.
Locality Abundance x 103
Area 2..9. Boundary Bay Point Roberts Inlet .. Point Roberts Bar 310 Point Roberts to Birch Bay •• Birch Bay •• Burrard Inlet South side Point Grey to English Bay . . English Bay 120 FergusonPoint to Prospect Point 70 Prospect Point to Burnaby Shoal 50 Burnaby Shoal to Coal Harbour 630 Coal Harbour to Dead.man Island 360 Deadman Island to Second Narrows .. North side Second Narrows to North Vancouver .. North Vancouver to First Narrows 390 First Narrows to Point Atkinson 1,000 Point Atkinson to North Vancouver 130
TOTAL FOR AREA 29 = 31 060 Area 28 Howe Sound East side Queen Charlotte Channel Point Atkinson to Irwin Point •• Eagle Harbour Eagle Harbour to Batchelor Cove 50 Batchelor Cove to Horseshoe Bay .. Horseshoe Bay •• Horseshoe Bay to Halkett Point (Gambier Island) Horseshoe Bay to Alberta Bay 1,020 Montagu Channel Alberta Bay to Porteau 220 Watts Point to head West side Head to Woodfibre Woodfibre to Defense Island 200... Thornbrough Channel Defense Island to Point Mellon 2,640 Point Mellon-to Wetherby Point 1,790 Wetherby Point to Williamson's Landing 4,600 Williamson's Landing to Hopkins Landing .. Hopkins Landing to Steep Bluff 40 - 2 -
Table II (cont'd)
Locality Abundance x 103
Keats Island South side 280
East side 0 . North side 210 West side 70 Bowen Island West side Grafton Bay 50 Grafton Bay to Hutt Island 110 Hutt Island to Turnstall Bay 520 Turnstall Bay . 80 Turnstall Bay to Cape Roger Curtis •• South side Gape Roger Curtis to Seymour Landing 80 East side Seymour Bay to Warr Cove 80 ' Warf Cove to Cates Bay 250 Cates Bay 170 North side Finisterre Island to Hood Point 90 Columbine Bay 150 Columbine Bay to Grafton Bay 590 Gambier Island Southside
Grace Island to West Bay 00 West Bay 220 West Bay to Center Bay 00 Center Bay 2,240 Port Graves •O East side Halkett Point to Brigade Bay 2,010 Brigade Bay.to Ekins Point 800 Northside Ekins Point to Latona Pass 20 West side Latona Passage 240 \ Latona Pass to Grace Island 50 TOTAL FOR AREA. 2S = 18,870
DISTRICT TOTAL = 21,930 4!
Table III - Estimated abundance (thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in the lower east coast sub-district, 1955.
Locality Abundance x 103
Area 17A Northwest Bay i,ooo Cottam Point to Dorcas Point 1,850 Dorcas Point to Nanoose Bay 2,000 Nanoose Bay 1,500 Nanoose Bay to Departure Bay 2,000 Departure Bay 72,0 Departure Bay to Nanaimo Harbour 150 Northumberland Channel 1,300 TOTAL FOR AREA l 7A 10,540 StuartChannel West side Boat Harbour 50 Boat Harbour to Kulleet Bay 500 Kulleet Bay 1,000 Kulleet Bay to Ruxton Island 50 East side. Ruxton Island West side 30 Ruxton Passage 780 Pylades Chann.el West side DeCourcy Is. and Link Iso East side 2,160 East side Gabriela Island South side 2,500 Valdes Island West side 4,500 Reid Island
West side .. Thetis Island East side 150 North side North Cove 510 West side 700 Clam Bay· 150 Kuper Island East side 800 West side 470 Stuart Channel West side Ladysmith Harbour 2,000 Evening Cove 650 Boulder Point to Chemainus Bay 90 Chemainus Bay 80 Chemainus Bay to Osborn Bay ... - 2 -
Locality Abundance x io3
Osborn Bay 100 Osborn Bay to Booth Bay ..
TOTAL FOR AREA 17B 17,270 Area 18 Booth Bay to Maple Bay 100 Maple Bay 5,270 Sansum Narrows 1,100 Cowichan Bay 1,670 Genoa Bay 380 Satellite Channel South side Separation Point to Cherry Point 230 Cherry Point to Hatch Point 280 Hatch Point to Moses Point 170 Moses Point to Arbutus Island 4,060 Saanich Inlet East side Moses Point to Deep Cove 970 Deep Cove 740 Deep Cove to Patricia Bay 340 Patricia Bay· 820 Coles Ba.y .. Thompson Cove 270 Brentwood Bay 30 Tod Inlet 140 Squally Reach Willis Point to Elbow Point 110 FinlaysonArm Elbow Point to Sawluctus Island 30 West side Mill Bay 80 Arbutus Island to SidneyHarbour (Canoe Pass, Calburne Pass) 19,610 Moresby Island \ \ West side 300 Portland Island Southeast side 170 Prevost Island
West side .. James Bay 400 East side 20 Southeast side •• Saltspring Island West side Ganges Harbour 90 Wilbury Bay 140 Long Harbour 70 Long Harbour to Ganges Shoal .. Walker Hook to Houston Pass 00 Houston Passage ... - 3 -
Locality Abundance x 103
East side 5,300 Houston Pass to Booth Bay 310 Booth Ba.y 4,300 Burgoyne Bay 400 South side Fulford Harbour 500 North Pender Island West side Port Washington 1,960 Otter Bay 4,920 Shingle Bay 1,290 Boot Nook 1,510 East side Bedwell Harbour 600 Port Browning 3,400 Port Browning to Hope Bay 3,830 Hope Bay 2,450 South Pender Island North side Port Browning to Blunden Pt. Plumper Sound
Blunden Point to Taylor Point .. Point Browning to Lizzard Island 3,020 Lizzard Island to Hope Bay 2,070 Saturna Island South side Taylor Point to Croker Point 2,310 West side Croker Point to Payne Point 3,010 Lyall Harbour 5,790 Winter Cove 470 King Island to Samual Island 330 Samual Island South side 1,180 North side .. Samual Island to St0 John Point 750 Navy Channel (middle) 110 Mayne Island South side Sto John Point to Diner Point 320 Northwest side Diner Point Bay 400 Village Bay 2,760 Northeast side Active Passage to Edith Point 20 Campbell Bay 3,520 Active Passage South side 15,360 East side 2,330 East Point 180 North side l! - 4 -
Locality .Abundance x 103
Galiano Island West side 200 Montague Harbour 350 East side Above Salmanca Pt. to Gossip Is. .. Gossip Island 60 Whaler Bay 1,010 Cain Point 1,230 Cain Point to Sturdies Bay .. TOTAL FOR AREA 18 119,540 Area 19 Saanichton Bay to James Island 3,090 James Island Southeast side 390. East side 150 James Island to Sidney Spit 950 Sidney Island West side l,060 South side 400 East side 770 Sidney Island to Forrest Island 440 Forrest Island Southeast side 440 Northwest side .. Gooch Island South side 60 North side 40 Brethour and Danville Islands 60 Brethour Island to Dack Island ... Sidney Harbour to Saanichton Bay 2,560 Saanichton Bay 2,100 Saanichton Bay to Cowichan Head Cowichan Head to Gordon Head Cordova Bay) Gordon Head to Cadboro Point Baynes Channel 3,320 Strongtide Island West side 90 Discovery Island West side 30 Discovery Island to Trial Island 450 Cadboro Bay 90 Oak Bay 20 Oak Bay to Gonzales Point
McNeil Bay .. Gonzales Bay .. Ross Bay 270 Clover Point to Ogden Point 1,780 Victoria Harbour 300 - 5 -
Locality Abundance x 103
Macauley Point to Brothers Island 300 Esquimalt Harbour 960 Figard Island to Albert Head 1,070 TOTAL FOR AREA 19 21,190
SUB-DISTRICT TOTAL
\ Table IV - Estimated abundance (thousands of fish) of juvenile herring in regions of the middle east coast of Vancouver Island scouted in 1955 (Area 15 and parts of Areas 13 and 16 not scouted}o
Locality Abundance x 103
Area 16 Shoal Channel to Trail Bay •• Sechelt Peninsula West side Trail Bay 110 Sargeant Bay 20 Sargeant Bay to Halfmoon Bay 40 Halfmoon Bay 60 Welcome Pass
Halfmoon Bay to Buccaneer Bay . . Thormanby Island Buccaneer Bay 280 Buccaneer Bay to Secret Cove •• Secret Cove 110 Secret Cove to Bargain Bay 20 Bargain Bay 180 Gerrans Bay 200 Garden Bay 60 Pender Harbour 520 Pender Harbour to Agememnon Channel 740 Nelson Island South side Fearney Point to Quarry Bay •• Quarry Bay •• Agamemnon Channel West side Fearney Point to Green Bay 540 Green Bay to Caldwell Island 80 Caldwell Island to Nile Point 100 Nile Point to east side 170 East side
Nile Point to Caldwell Island .. Caldwell Island to Green Bay 50 Green Bay to Norman Point 420 Captain Is land West side .. Captain Island to Foley Head .. Jervis Inlet North side 210 Prince of Wales Reach West side Foley Head to Dacres Point 20 Dacres Point to Brittain River 100 Brittain River 120 Texada Island East side North east Point to pt o Upwood .. West side Off Jedediah IsJand .. Table IV {cont'd)
Locality Abundance x 103
Lasqueti Island East side Bull Island to Paul Island oe OffJedediah Island •• North side Jervis Island to West Point •• West Point to Fegan Islets 0. West side Fegan Islets to False Bay 130 False Bay .. South side False Bay to Jenkins Island 20 Jenkins Island to Boat Cove 20 Boat Cove to Point Young 0. TOT.AL FOR AREA 16 = 4,320
Area 14 Northwest Bay to Parksville 100 Parksville to French Creek 80 French Creek to Qualicum Beach 610 Qualicum Beach to Little QualicumRiver 1,890 Little Qualicum River to Qualicum River 100 Q.ualicum River to south of Demnan Island 140 South of Denman Island to Hornby Island 220 Hornby Island Southeast side Norris Rocks to Nach Bank 370 Tribune Bay 140 St. John's Point to Flora Island .. North side Flora Island to Collishaw Point ... West side Collishaw Point to Phillips Point 240 Phillips Point to Shingle Spit 280 Shingle Spit to Ford Cove .. Ford Cove to Norris Rocks 150 Ford Gove to Maplegard Point 50 Denman Island East side Opposite Norman Point to Boyle Point West side .. Boyle Point to Metcalf Bay 130 Metcalf Bay to Denman Point 2,090 Denman Point to Henry Bay 14,040 Henry Bay Baynes sound .. West side Deep Bay •• Deep Bay to Ship Point 90 Table IV (cont'd)
Locality Abundance x 103
Ship Point to Buckley Bay 60 Buckley Bay 920 Union Bay 6,060 Union Bay to Comox Harbour 1,210 Comox Harbour 2,980 East side Comox Harbour to Sandy Island 390 Sandy Island to Henry Bay (Denman Island) 180
. TOTAL FOR AREA 14 = 32,520
Area 13 Quadra Island West side Deepwater Bay .. Granite Bay 1,480
TOTAL FOR AREA 13 = 1,480
SUB-DISTRICT TOTAL = 38,320
\ :
Table V - Average lengths and weights of juvenileherring in samples taken from the Strait of Georgia, 1955. (Methods of Capture: A - herring rake; B - Purse seine; C - Beach seine; D - otter trawl.)
Sample Date Locality Method No. Average Av weight (gms.) No. of of length SampleRemainder capture Fish (mm.) (S (R) S-R
SAN JUAN ISLANDS l 126 July 28 Friday Hbo, San Juan Iso A 2 50.0 1 .50 .. ... 2 141 June 25 White pt o, San Juan Is o c 7 60 .6 2.30 .. .. 3 J3 Aug . 11 Decatur Hd ., Decatur Is . D 153 63.02 3.013 2o51.3 +0.50 4 J4 Aug. 15 Between Satellite & Stuart Island D 156 48.81 1.203 1.069 +0.134 5 519 Sept. 10 Reid Hb., Stuart Island B 92 66.48 3.542 .. .. 6 520 Sept,. 10 Reid Hb., Stuart Island B 50 75.96 5.570 .. .. 7 521 Sept. 11 Reid Hb., Stuart Island B 118 68.86 4.957 3.817 +0.240 8 569 Oct . 3 Reid Hb., Stuart Island B 85 75.49 5.504 .. .. 9 570 Oct. 3 Reid Hb., Stuart Island B 181 67.11 3.542 3.372 +0.170 Total -844
DISTRICT NO. 1 1 551 Sept. 25 Centre Bay, Gambier Is. B 117 66.99 J.513 3.026 +0.487 Total 117 LOWER EAST COAST l 3 July 18 Northwest Bay A 3 52.50 1.60 •• •• 2 15 July 20 Opp. Yellow Pt.,Stuart Ch. A 1 38.50 0.55 .. .. 3 248 Aug .. 2 Hope Bay, North Pender Is. A 7 44.10 1.007 .. .. 4 270 Aug. 4 Victoria Harbour A 8 42 .80 o. 813 .. .. 5 295 Aug. 5 Cowichan Bay A 28 43.52 1.054 .. .. 6 296 Aug. 5 Cowichan Bay A l A 45.5. 0 .95 •• •• 7 353 Auge 9 Coal Hb., Vancouver Hb. 3 46.0 1.066 ... 00 8 515 Sept. 9 Burgoyne Bay, Saltspring Island B 146 59.65 2 .619 2 .576 +0.043 9 525 Sept. 12 Swartz Bay, Colburne Pass. B 141 61.13 2.884 2.789 +0.095 10 530 Sept. 14 Houston Passage B 124 74.89 5 .005 4ol.31 +0.874 11 535 Sept. _o Ruxton Pass., DeCourcy Gr. A 1 61.5 2.70 12 538 Sept. 20 Nanoose Bay B 169 54.67 1 .887 1 .910 -0.023 13 539 Sept. 20 Northwest Bay B 49 67 .48 4.458 .. .. 14 553 Sept. 27 Ruxton Pass., DeCourcey Gr. B 149 64.42 2 .. 850 2 .. 699 +0.151 15 559 Sept. 29 Active Passage B 188 64.90 2.967 2.830 +0.137 16 560 Sept. 30 Village Bay, Mayne Island B 48 84.57 6.986 ...... 17 562 Sept. 30 Village Bay, Mayne Island B 161 66.11 3.017 3.039 -0... 022 18 565 Oct. 1 Ganges Hb., Saltspring Is. A 5 47.8 1.37 •• •• Total 1232 MIDDLE EAST COAST l. 543 Sept. 22 Opp. Union Bay, Baynes Sd., B 134 73.48 4 .599 4.349 +0.25 2 549 Sept. 24 St .. Vincents Bay, Jervis In.B 145 73.49 4.410 4.149 +o.261 Total. 279 Table VI - Average lengths of II-year herring in stomachs of sei whales captured off the west coast of Vancouver Islando
Sample Date Locality Number Average no of length fish (mm. ) l J1 July 6 40 miles S .w. of Nuchat11tz In. 18 85.25 2 J2 July 8 35 miles s.w. by W of Cape Cook 18 88.36 Table VII - Record of tags inserted in juvenile herring during 1956.
L-ocality Date Series Tagger Number
-SAN JUAN ISLANDS Stuart Island, Southeast side Oct 3 HUUH JR,AR,WG,NY 498 Reid Harbour HXXH JR,AR, WG ,NY 536 1,034
Oct 3 IAAI NY 476 IBBI WG 496 rear JR,AR,WG,NY, GS 472 IDDI GS 503 IEEI AR 489 IFFI JR 486 2,919 TOTAL 3,953 DISTRICT NO 1 - Area 28 Howe Sound, Gambier Island Center Bay, Sept 25 GPPG AR 518 GRRG WG 519 GSSG NY 519 GTTG GS 519 GUUG JR 530 GWWG JR,AR,WG,NY GS 544 Area Total 3,149 TOTAL 3,149
LOWER EAST COAST OF VANCOUVER ISLAND - Area 17B Kuper Island, East side Off Grappler Rock Sept 14 DXXD WN 506 DYYD AR 520 EDDE JR 525 EXXE JR 524 EYYE AR 514 EZZE WN 541 3,130 DeCourcy Island Southeast tip Ruxton Passage Sept 26 GYYG JH,AR,WG,NY 412 412
Area Total 3,542 Area 18 Mayne Island Northwest side Village Bay Sept 30 GXXG JR,AR,WG 515 HIIH JR,AR,WG 517 1,033 Oct l HTTH JR,AR,WG,NY 532 HWWH JR,ARWG,NY 553 Area Total 1,085 . 2,118 Table VII (cont'd}
Locality Date Series Tagger Number
TOTAL
MIDDLE EAST COAST OF VANCOUVER ISLAND - Area 14 Baynes Sound, West side Off Union Bay Sept 22 GAAG AR 482 GBBG AR 480 GCCG JR 54'7 GDDG JR 510 GEEG WG 492 GGGG WG 524 Area Total 3,035
.Area 16 Jervis Inlet, North side St. Vincent Bay GHHG NY 519 GIIG WG 529 GJJG JR 526 GKKG AR 552 GLLG GS 547 GMMG JR,AR,WG,NY GS 521 GNNG JR,AR,WG,NY, GS 524 GOOG JR,AR,WG,NY, GS 538 Area Total 4,256
TOTAL
TOTAL FOR 1955 0 Table VIII-Salinities { /oo) and temperatures (°C) in localities scouted in the Gulf of Georgia, 1955. Temperatures in parenthesis were determined from B.T. casts. . Code Locality Date Juvenile Salinity Temperature noo abundance x 103 Surface 10 ft ft. 40 ft . 60 ft. Surface io ft. 20 ft.40 ft.60 ft. U. S. A. San Juan Islands San Juan Island 140 Friday Harbour July 29 260 30.09 30.11 30.11 •• •• 10.2 10.07 10.06 .. •• 216 . 40 . Mosquito Pass Aug. 1 30.77 30.77 30.77 30.85 •• 10.0 9.60 9.58 9.43 .. 217 Roche Harbour Aug. l 340 30.35 30.38 30.49 30.63 .. 10.30 10.04 9o63 9.38 •• Orcas Island 138 West Sound July 29 30 30.00 30.05 30.08 •• .. 0 llo9 11.30 10.58 10.46 10.32 139 Deer Harbour July 29 140 30.05 30.09 30.09 30.11 .. 10.7 10.23 10.18 10.04 .. 160 East Sound July 30 60 29.96 30.08 30.05 30.08 30.19 14.3 11.91 11.14 10.53 10.20 182 Obstruction Pass July 31 800 30.21 30.21 30.23 30.30 30.38 10.0 9 .76 9 .76 9.64 9.46 Lopez Island 143 Shoal Bay July 29 0 30.23 30.21 30.21 30.33 .. 12.2 10.41 10.48 10... 22 .. 144 Lopez Sound July 29 480 30.13 30.13 30.13 30.13 30.16 11.3 10.67 10.56 10.40 10.28 207 Mackaye Harbour Aug. J. 120 30.30 30.40 30.40 30.54 30.61 10.5 10.05 10.08 9o92 970 184 Between Clark and Barnes Islands July 31 29 .67 29.67 29.77 30.05 30.09 10.7 10.40 10.30 10.16 9.80 185 Matia Island July 31 230 29.72 29.72 29.73 29.78 29.89 10.5 10.17 10.12 10.04 9,82 Sucia Island 186 Echo Bay July 31 '710 29.25 29.51 29.58 29.77 30.01 10.3 10.38 10.24 9.92 9.58 Waldron Island 240 Cowlitz Bay Aug. 2 1,480 30.00 30.00 30.03 30.19 9.90 9.91 9.96 9.72 .. Stuart Island •• 218 Reid Harbour Aug. l 290 30.09 30.09 30.09 30.09 30.09 10.3 9.88 9.88 9,82 9 70 Mainland 169 Bellingham Bay July 30 250 13.46 28.03 28.92 29.56 29o'74 14o7 13.03 12,58 10.82 9o80 347 Birch Bay Aug. 6 0 18.77 20.56 21.40 23.69 .. 15.38 15.11 14.66 13.52 .. 345 Boundary Bay Aug. 7 310 18.42 22.19 23.90 27.07 2Bol4 16.2 14,92 13.48 12.52 10.86 DISTRICT NO l Area 28 Howe Sound 369 Off Porteau Aug. 10 220 16.16 16.21 22.57 26.96 27.03 16.0 16.62 14.04 10.89 10.32 368 Alberta Bay Aug. 10 1,020 13 .39 15.77 21.00 26.74 26.78 16.8 17.28 16.64 11.83 11.48 367 Horseshoe Bay Aug. 10 0 8.63 17.16 18.35 26.05 25.76 18.6 17.82 14.78 11.42 11.06 Table. VIII (cont'd)
Code Juvenile Salinity Temperature no. Locality Date abundance x 103 Surface 10 ft. 20 ft. 40 ft. 60 ft. Surface 10 ft. 20 ft. 40 ft. 60 ft ..
406 Watts Point Aug. 16 0 2.06 14 •.56 23086 27 .. 38 24.31 1206 13.92 12,,18 10.23 10.48 407 Thornborough Channel .Aug .. 16 2,640 8.32 16.,46 19.92 26.13 26.62 17o7 16.32 15038 11.?9 10.62 410 Gib sons Aug. 16 40 11.53 15.2.5 18 .. 23 26004 .. 19.0 17.63 16.42 11. 61 ( 11.12) Gambior Island 409 Pt. Graves Aug. 16 0 12.91 12 .. 91 18067 2,5.87 •o 19.2 19.14 l.5004 12.,01 (11.30) 408 Center Bay .Aug. 16 2,140 12 .. ,58 1,5.18 22.,49 26.62 26 .. 97 19.5 17.,80 14 .. 38 11.47 10.62 .552 Center Bay Sep. 2.5 2,240 19.99 24.1.5 27.52 29 .. 16 29.26 14 .. 2 12 .. 76 11.14 9.60 9.28 Bowen Island Between Wharf Cove 370 and Seymour Bay Aug. 10 80 ,5.41 12038 21.0'] 25.81 27.04 18.o 17078 14 .. 78 12.20 10.,64
LOWER EAS'r COAST OF V.Al\fCOUVER ISLAND Axea 19 32,3'1\U?goose Point Aug. 6 2,560 27 .. 85 2'7 .. 89 27.,91 28.08 28011 11.7 11036 11.44 11.34 11 .. 22 J a.mes Island 322 East side Augo 6 390 27.91 27.91 28.10 28013 28036 lio7 11.32 11.28 11.20 11.,.02 324 Sidney Harbour Augo 6 90 28004 28a08 28.24 28 038 28 .,55 12.0 11.13 11.12 llo07 10092 Brethour Island ·-•.!\ 320 South side Aug. 6 60 25.68 26.,27 26.43 27 .. 09 27068 12o3 12.01 11.04 11.37 10.78 -t: .Area 18 cfoai-1 siand 325 Southwest tip Aug. 6 540 28.05 28.08 .. 28el5 28 o4) 11.8 11.39 11.30 11.21 11.04 326 Colburne Pass Aug. 6 2,560 27.04 27 .. 25 27.28 27.73 28.41 1206 11.84 11.,88 11.,59 10 .. 90 52rj Swartz Bay Sep. 13 40 27.82 29.98 29.09 29.19 29.33 1208 11 •.51 11 • .30 11.06 10.74 Saanich Inlet 67 Patricia Bay July 24 0 28.,50 • 0 28o.50 28048 28067 14.9 (13o.51) 13.,08 12046 •• 66 Mill Bay July 24 Bo 27.96 28.08 28.,24 28.36 28 .. 48 13.3 13.07 12062 12.14 •o 54 Cowi chan Bay July 23 30 25.42 28051 28,,79 29.2} 29 .. 40 1406 12 .33 11.92 10 .. 75 • 0 _'",52 Maple Bay July 23 170 25.00 25.07 26020 28.41 • 0 1706 17.40 15.,04 11.82 00 Saltspring Island West sido 53 Burgoyne Bay July 23 4,000 24.97 25 .}5 25.30 26.95 0. 17o5 16.94 16.92 14.,80 • 0 South side .% Fulford Harbour July 23 500 27.38 28 .. 04 28.17 28032 28.85 1306 11.68 11.68 llo40 •• Table VIII (cont'd)
Code J.uvenile Salinity Temperature no. Locality Date abunda~ce x 10 Surface 10 ft. 20 ft. ·40 ft. 60 fto 5'urface 10 ft., 20 ft. 40 ft. 60 ft"
East side ·105 Ganges Harbour July 26. 40 27.09 27 .. 99 28.10 28050 28.,51 12 .. 6 11.20 11.16 10,.82 10 .. 60 North Pender Island West side 117 Bedwell Harbour July 27 440 28.48 29.07 29.28 29.49 29 • .54 12 .. 2 10.62 10.36 10.13 10.00 244 Port Browning Aug. 2 139 29.14 29.34 29 .. 75 30.05 •• 12.18 10.80 10.18 9.81 0. 247 Hope Bay Aug. 2 2,070 28091 28 .. 93 28 097 29.26 29.38 11.8 11..12 10.82 10.53 •• Saturna Island East side 328 Narvaez Bay Aug. 6 2,330 25.36 27.13 27.,40 28 .. 38 29.02 13.4 11.40 11.28 10.60 (10.00) North side 327 Turnbo Channel Aug. 6 0 15,,69 16080 18.82 19.14 23.45 19.1 17.52 16 .,62 13.62 lloOO Mayne Island East side 246 I~izzard Island Aug., 6 2,070 28.08 28.76 29.07 29 .,56 •• 11 • .5 l0.,76 10.72 10.26 North side 333 Campbell Bay Aug. 6 3,.520 16.66 16.84 18 .35 25 .38 25 .58 19.3 17 .77 16.38 12.74 12.18
West side ·~...!; 102 Village Bay July 26 1,700 26.60 27.87 28.15 28 .. 15 28 .. 60 1206 11.,29 11.16 10.85 10.42 v\ .563 Village Ba.y Oct., · 1 1,700 29 .06 29 .04 29.06 29 .. 06 29 .11 10.6 10.45 10~44 10.38 10.24 Active Passage 103 ·Miners Bay July 26 15,180 •• .. .. 10.8 10.37 10.36 10.35 10.22 Prevost Is Jand West side 100 James Bay July 26 120 26.25 26.62 27.26 28.13 28.51 12o7 {12.17) 11"80 11.00 00 East side 101 Ellen Bay July 26 20 28 .. 41 28 .50 28 o,50 28 053 28 .,69 11.l (10083) 10.78 10.74 10.32 Area 17B Saltspring Island East side 83 Off Walker Hook July 2.5 .. 2.5 .05 26.55 26.74 27.78 27.94 14o3 12023 llo94· 10.96 10 .• ,56 Galiano Island Northeast side 340 Above Salamanca Point Aug. 7 0 19.03 19.91 22.68 25043 26.02 17.1 16.16 14.86 13042 lo.68 Southwest side 104 Montague Harboux July ·26 370 26.29 26.43 27071 28.69 29.12 13.l 12.92 11.68 10067 10.18 Table VIII (cont'd)
Code Locality Date Juvenile Salinity Temperature no• abundance x ic3 -S-urf_a_c_e_,.,l_O_f_t_.-2-0· ft. 4cr··~-~u1::f'c;_ce~ ~.o_r~·.
82 Between Wallace and Secretary Islands July 25 •o l3o07 11.60 10086 ft<> Kuper Island Eas-b side 530 Grappler Rock Sept 14 5,000 West side 32 Telegraph Harbour July 21 l,020 24.80 24,68 25.49 27026 27.30 17o4 17000 14088 12.13 00 Thotis Island West side 36 July 21 400 60 P:raedy Harbour 24068 25.66 18,..8 18049 14 0 58 11 0 96 •• No:r.t;h side
31 North Cove July 21 700 24.24 00 14ol {13o40) 12035 11 0 59 11 0 13 D::;iOou:rcy Island JI~:i.st side 25 Off Pirate.'.s Cove July 20 1,000 •• 15(17 •O 13.21 12.34 10.47 8t;uart Channel Wost side 15 O!'f Yellow point July 20 500 24.,70 •• 26.97 28043 15 .. 2 {14o33) 12010 12.,10 l0e64 17 Kullaet Bay July 20 i.ooo 24.77 23065 00 27.63 28 .. 18 17o2 (13.91) 12087 llo52 10086 35 Ladysmith Harbour July 21 100 24.49 24068 26.0l 27.,26 28010 19.,0 (15o36) 13.,?2 120?6 13.,34 51 Chemainus Bay July 23 80 23033 23.37 24.70 27.07 28.,34 17.,2 16098 15052 12.,21 Area l?A ·yr~~~Nanoose Bay July 19 00 o• 18.18 13.,50 11.,59 •• 3 Northwest Bay July 18 00 0" 00 (16ol7){13o40)(12 0 12){1lo39)
MIDDLE F.AST CO.AST OF VANCOUVER ISL.l!ND llr0ri 16 Secli:ert Penninsula ...west side 422 Bargan Bay Augo 17 20 17.71 17 0 90 18 0 92 ~5 0 54 26 0 17 17043 17.32 12.74 lloOO 425 Pender Harbour Aug. 17 30 18.49 1906? 22ol2 26041 eo 17.,60 l7ol8 12043 (10.45) Agamemnon Chan.nel 450 North of Daniel Point Aug. 18 740 l8o41 19043 20.27 25.45 26.44 17.98 17040 12.91 10.82 451 Off Green Bay Aug. 18 50 19073 19.,34 20.os 26cl7 27031 18052 17.98 12.39 10.58 458 Off Nile Point Aug. 19 100 20.,16 20.16 21.27 23.23 26.,77 18.51 16.?2 15.56 11.,20 Jervis Inlet
550 St. Vincent Bay Sept 25 210 23.00 23.68 26.62 27.96 00 Table VIII (cont'd) _,
Cod.a Locality Date Juvenile Salinity Temperature no. ·abund!f!ce x 10 Surface 10 ft., 20 -:N~·., 40 ft 0 60 f.t. f?_urrace- io rt., 60 ft, ~-- ., -- 2o'i·t. 4:P. -1'1'. "~-...... ,~-=-~-"= .... -...... ---- Area 14 ~rksville Beach Augo 25 100 23037 23,.86 24001 28oll 28.,45 1?06 16085 16038 10.,80 10\}00 Hornby Island West side 473 Phipps Point Aug. 26 240 24022 24.56 2508'7 28018 oo 1605 16.,13 14.,32 10.94 (10.52 475 Off Shingle Point Aug., 26 280 23.80 23.,80 25.40 27082 28.,71 17,.0 16.13 l5ol4 11.,41 {9.20 D9nman Island West side 501 Henry Bay Sept l 180 25023 25.,38· 27.02 28.34 28051 1608 16017 12096 11.17 10.72 Metcalf Bay Baynes Sound West side 477 Deep Bay Aug. 26 90 24017 24.31 26.20 27098 28.,34 17o3 17070 13 .. 10 11.,22 10.4.-3 488 Buckley Bay Aug .. 26 '60 23.87 24 .. 21 27,.96 27.82 28010 18.,3 17.,30 14.30 11064 10.78 500 Union Bay Sept l 2_,980 25033 26.,08 27,.12 28036 28.,57 16.,7 l4:o46 l2o98 lleO? 10.60 Lasg_ue1ii Island West side 502 False Bay Sept l 130 24.,01 24 .. 28 24035 27.,84 24.,01 18.,0 17004 16094 11039 10.,00 East side 503 Off J'edediah Island Sept l 0 24.,97 25026 25o5'7 27.,78 28.,55 15.'7 14.96 14064 11 0 49 9.,91
1.-r;. ·--.( Table IX M Efficiency in tagging juvenile herring of various taggers and groups of taggers as indicated by the Recoveries of tags inser-'Ged during 1951, 1952 and 19p3o (Class l - Experienced taggers; Class 2 - taggers with some experience; Class 3 - taggers with no experience.)
.... --,..~~·~~-,.~~~~~ ____ ·-T951"'' ' -~ 1953 All Tagger Inserto 1:10covo % Insert .. Recovo % Inserto Flecovo % Insert .. Recovo % ---- ,,.~~~ AP 900 0 0 2,119 6 0285 00 00 •o 3,019 6 .,199
AH l,016 0 0 41243 11 .. 260 '7,313 2 .027 12,572 13 .103
ro 1~793 1 .056 •• 0 0 •o 521 0 0 2,314 1 .,043 0 KH 1,588 0 •• 60 •• 00 0 0 00 lp588 0 0
BW 00 oe 00 1,570 2 .128 5,687 0 0 '7,257 2 0028
ES eo eo eo 8 .103 1 c018 12~220 _.,£_z~1 ~ ~- ~ -1.... Class 1 5;'297 --r= -:oIT 14,466 2? 7ii7 19,207 -3 :or6"~ 387970 31 .oso
l7 EJ' 60 2,106 3 0142 oo 06 00 2,106 3 .142 •• •• ~
JR Oo •o 00 2,003 1 .050 519 0 0 2,522 l .040
500 l Rr .200 •o •• •o 00 06 •• 500 1 .200
JS 0 0 00 b.iQl • • • • •• •• eo .L2.Q7. _,.,,._.,,~0 0 Class 2 2,407 -r- -:042 4;169 4- :cf9r/ 519 ~er- o~ 7,035 5 -.on
IT •O eo •o 2,564 11 .428 00 •o •• 2,564 11 .428
RI •• eo .., •• 00 • (> 1,003 0 0 1,003 0 0 WE ... •O •• 2,421 2 0083 0. •o • • 2,421 2 .083 WN •• •• • • oe •• ." lg044 0 0 l,044 0 0 GH la632 -o 0 _•o .. 11-6~2- 0 0 --!.!.- ....!..!..- -~ _··- -!.c~- ~'d) ~"'.,,,.-~ ··195r-= 1952 1953 ------~····--""'>Tl All Tagger Inserto Recovo % Inserto Recovo % Inser-t o Recovo % Inserto Recov .. %
·=~~===- ""''··~-- Class 3 l,632 0 0 4,985 13 .261 2,047 0 0 8,664 13 c.150
Mixed 2,037 0 0 4,365 l 0023 4,839 0 0 11,241 1 .009
~~ All ll,373 2 .017 27,925 45 0161 26,612 3 .011 65,910 50 G076
Scientists 2,809 1 0036 8,913 25 0280 7,834 2 .026 19,556 28 .106
Non-ncientists 6,527 1 .015 14,647 19 .130 13,939 1 .007 35,113 21 .060
~~""'- =~~me·,'"'~"""'"'''·•
Efficiency Plant and date Series Hoo __N,!!E!ber _o:tJ;.aBIL,~ec~ e§.CU.?:d'... ,.~;~r tes:t --~-=~ . ~fLre~:i:Y_ __ used l 2 3 4 5 6 '7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 After 'l1otal f,ATJuv. (B )Adult Ratio ______, ---·~------· __JJ~ Bute dale * Jan 12 IGGI 10 5 l 2 8 80 92 .87 - Totals 10 5 l 2 8 80 92 087
Colonial Nov. 23 IJJI 30 l 13 2 1 17 57 83 .69 "" Dec .. 15 IIII 10 l 6 7 70 '12 .97 Totals 40 1 14 2 6 l 24 M_§.Q,__~
Fairview Jano 13 IIII 10 7 7 70 68 1.03 10 7 7 70 -···~-_lo~ Gulf of Georgia ~ Nov. 23 IKKI 20 l l 6 5 3 16 80 88 .91 Dec.., 3 IIII 10 2 3 2 7 70 98 • '71 Feb. 9 IGGI 10 7 2 9 90 96 .94 Totals 40 3 11 10 5 3 32 80 ---~-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _2L_~ '<• I.mporial \~~ * Nov.., 23 IKKl 20 4 3 l 8 40 93 .43 Deco 3 IIII 10 6 2 l 9 90 '76 1ol8 Jane 31 IGGI 10 4 4 40 86 .47
40 '10 5 4 2 21 .,.. 53 _..,,,,~.·-· 84 --=·"~---~ »------·-----·,~·---''''" ______, ------·---- ___ --· ··-~·~ Ne1nu * Jane 27 IHHI 10 5 5 50 92 .54 Feb. 13 IIII 10 8 8 80 90 ;,89 TotaJ.s 20 13 ~ ~~--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-----~~~...;...;..~13 65 91 .71 North Pacific 'Jana 13 ') IIIT . 10 8 l 9 90 80 l h l ~, Feb" 18 nnu - 10 4 l 5 50 82 .6.1. Tota.ls 20 12 1 l 14 70 81 .86 Table X (cont'd) Efficiency Plant and date Series _1!.urn.bez: of ,:t~overed eac.h~ d!::,;[ after E§.L..,...... ,. 1 : 2 3 4 5 6 ? 8 9 lO 11 12 f3°I4"':".Mtar To'0al r.rr :r~;=: t{~1r~~1t.-t_i_o= ____..!:i~
North Shoro Novo 29 IIII 7 '10 94 .75 Deco 16 IGG·I 8 80 84 .95 15 75 Totals ,_.....;___ ,....;.;..;;;.__=_....;;.;;,.______~------...~ .... ~"'"~""'"~"-·" ·-~ Phoenix Novo 23 IJJI 2 1 17 85 98 .87 Ja.no 12 lGGI 9 90 98 .92 Jan., 31 IBHI 8 80 96 .83 Totals 2 1 34 ~-'"''""·"'' §1~········--~.-~ Port Albion Dec., 9 IGGI 6 60 92 .65 . __!'.§,!?_. ~.~ls__ ··------·~------~ ·------=-·-$..;;..6--=-·- ..,9L__ 92 Port Edward * Jan., 13 IIII 2 6 60 78 077 Febo 7 llIBI 4 40 78** .51 Totals 2 10 50 78 .64 Seal Cove Jano 13 IIII l 3 30 86 035 * Febo 10 IHHI 1 4 40 72 056 _T_o_t_a_J._s ______.__ .... ·------"-,;;.;;,....___ l ..,.;l;;;,_, ______:.. 7 __. 35 644 ... ~~79 .AJ;L PLANTS 290 191 66 86 .?7
M~JOR PLJ\.NTSr! "'"""'·------... .,,,...,,.,,~-""""'.,;.;,.;;..;.._190 ______.,,______115 60 ...... _ 85___ .;;..;..;,;;;...... o?l ·* :M'..ajor Plants ** Adult test run Febo 10 Table Xl - Tag recoveries by reduction plant magnets during the 1955-56 herring fishing season.,
-· -.. -... ·- I n s e '.I'.' t 0 d R e c o v e r e d ...... ,..- ..... Code Date Place """----.Area Tagger Date Place ------'Area Plant
-'Ii ___._____ """""""' ____,,,,,,.._ .. ,-H ....,.,~- -- ·"""""~'"="_,.,,..__,,<-••C_ .... 1 BDDB Aug 13/52 San Mateo Bay 23 AH Nov 23 Satellite Channel 18 Imperial Porlier Passage 17B 2 BOOB Aug 18/52 San Mateo Bay 23 1lli Nov 26 Swanson Channel 18 ·Namu (Barkley Sound 23) 3 BMMB Aug 2'7/52 San Mateo Bay 23 IT,WE Nov 2? Swanson Channel 18 Gulf of Georgia Trincomali Channel l?B Porlier Passage l?B 4 BPPB .Aug 27/52 San Mateo Bay 23 lili Dec 1 Swe.nson Channel 18 Imperial Porlier Passage 17B Effingham Inlet 23 Barkley Sound 23 5 CAAC Sep 16/52 Di:x:on Bay 24 Al? Dec 2 Swanson Channel 18 Gulf of Georgie. Barkley Sound 23 (Porlier Passage 17B) 6 CMMC Sep 23/52 San Mateo Bay 23 KJ Dec 3 Barkley Sound 23 Coloni~l Swanson Channel 18 Porlier Passage 1'7B (Nanoose Bay _l '7A) '.'• '7 BCCB Aug 13/52 San Mateo Bay 23 IT Dec 3 Barkley Sound 23 Colonial ,, Swanson Channel 18 Porlier Passage l?B (Nanoose Bay l?A) 8 EEEE Aug 12/53 Banfield Inlet 23 1lli Dec ? Barkley Sound 23 Imperial .(Swanson Channel 18) (Deepwater Bay 13) 9 BPPB Aug 2'7/52 San Mateo Bay 23 .AH Dec 10 Barkley Sound 23 Imperial (Swanson Channel 18) 10 'j~HHA Aug 6/52 San :Mateo Bay 23 1lli Dec 10 Effingham Inlet 23 Imperial (Swanson Channel 18) 11. Clll:MC Sep 23/52 San Mateo Bay 23 K.J Dec 10 Effingham Inlet 23 Port .Alb:Lon (Barkley Sound 23) 12 CT'l'C Sep 27/52 Ucluelet Inlet 23 K.J Dec 10 Swanson Channel 18 Phoenix 1: (Deepwater Bay 13) )i 13 i! EGGE Aug 12/53 Banfield Inlet 23 AH Dec 11 Barkley Sound 23 Port Albion 1: 1: I' i - ..... '· Table x:I (cont'd)
I n s e rt e d Rec o. v er LL Code Date Place Area Tagger- Date Place Area Plant
-·~~ --- ....~~~-~~""---~=--· 14 BHHB Aug 15/52 Uchucklesit In. 23 WE Dec 11 Eff ingha.m Inlet 23 Port Albion Barkley Sound 23 15 .AXXA Aug 8/52 Banfield Inlet 23 IT Dec 12 Barkley Sound 23 Colonial (Swanson Channel 18) (Deepwater Bay 13) 16 BGCB Aug 13/52 San Mateo Bay 23 IT Dec 14 Barkley Sound 23 Colonial (Swanson Channel 18) (Nanoose Bay l?A) l '7 CBBC Sep 16/52 Dixon Bay 24 AP Dec 15 Barkley Sound 23 Colonial (Deep Bay 14) (Swanson Channel 18) 18 .ALL.4. .A.ug 6/52 Uchucklesit Ino 23 IT Dec 15 Swanson Channel 18 Gulf of Georgia Satellite Channel 18 (Raymond Charm.el 7) (Barkley Sound 23) 19 BZZB Sep 16/52 Dixon Bay 24 E.S Dec 16 Barkley Sound 23 Colonial 7) (Raymond Channel ·,_,-. (Deep Bay 14} \~.' (Swanson Channel 18) 20 BXXB Sep 15/52 Steam.er Cove 24 AP Jan 24 Clayo quot Sound 24 Port Albion (Ououkinish Inlet 26) 21 BZZB Sep 16/52 Dixon Bay 24 ES Jan 25 Tofino Inlet 24 Port Albion 22 CDDO Sep 16/52 Dixon Bay 24 BW Mar l Burnaby.Passage 2B(E) Bute dale Thompson Bay 7
~~~i,·,~c·~~ -· - ~- Table XH - Recoveries of tags inserted in juvenile herring in Barkley Sound, 1951-53.
Years at large P..ecovery sub-district and type DNO uwc "J;VJO Ll!.:C :MEO N Q,CI LEO Total % _of recovery or or Homing uwc LWC 1955-56
; 3 Certain fi4 •• ." .2 • 0 .. 0 - 3 8 40 Probable 6 •• 00 5 o• •• 1 3 15 50
2 Certain 1 • • • • 0. • • 0 • • • • • l 100 Probable 2 o• •• • • • • • • •o •• 2 J.00 1954-55
2 Certain 5 l 1 8 1 •• • 0 eo 16 33_ Probable 8 l l 8 l •• Oe •• 19 44 J.953 ... 54
2 Certain 1 Oe 00 • • 0 • l • 0 •o 2 50 Probable l ... 00 00 .. 0 1 •• 00 2 50 l Certain 2 .. 0 ." • 0 00 •• ". 0 .. 2 100 Probable 3 • 0 0" ., . •• 00 00 09 3 100 Totals All Years
Certain 11 l 1 10 l 1 1 3 29 44 !.tr Probable 20 l l 13 l f l 3 41 54
After 1 Year
Certain 2 00 00 0 ...... •• ... •• 2 100 Probable 3 •• •• •• •• •• •• • • 3 100 After 2 Years Certain 7 l l 8 .,.1 l ... •• 19 39 Probable ll l 1 8 1 1 •• •• 23 50 After 3 Years
Certain 2 ... • • 2 • • • • l 3 8 40 Probable 6 •• • • 5 • • .. l 3 15 50 Table XII~ q Tag return correction factors for the proportion of the catch searched by plant magnets
Year Area 2B(E) 6 13 l?B-18 18 23 24 2'7 1955-56 loOO ... ." l .. 08 1008 loOO i .. oo •• 1954-55 o• ... i.oo •• loll 1.03 •• 1.30
1953-54 •• l.oo 0 • •• •• l.03 1003 •• Table XIV - Probable recoveries (corrected for plant magnet efficiency and proportion of the catch searched by plant magnets) during the 1953-54, 1954-55 and 1955-56 fisheries of tags inserted in juvenile herring on the lower west coast of Vancouver Island. The actual numbers of recoveries are given in parenthesis.
Year Years Reg oven §1!.b-distr.'i.ct ,f at Lower Uppar Lovrer Middle North- Queen % large west west east east ern Charlotte P.~11 homing coast coast coast coast Islands
3ef/ j.·4 00 '}c7; q 195.3-54 1 oo 00 "O ... 100 (3) (3) (100) 2 1 .. 4 •o 00 103 o• 2o7 52 (l) ... (l) (2) (50) I 1954-55 1 • • Oe 00 o• O• •• 0 •o (o) 1 ~.Cf 2 1:3;;-6 l:o4 h J l5-o-B1L1.z 1.1 oo .. " .31o9 5:114 47 re tl-) ;) I} (1) (8) (1) (26) ('Z ! ) (55) (£11 ,,., 01> 0 .. 3 00 ... •• (0) oo 1955-56 2 208 0 .. 00 o• O• oe 208 100 (2) (2) (100) 3 11<.2 Jll l Jo-ij;- -&o6~-0 o• 00 L ..3 24<>5::.3.'<;/ L!3 c I (8) (n·) (,2) (5) (1) (16) (62) All Years 1 3-.:fl J. Lj 0 0 00 eo oo •• 'Jr,,7 ~~.t-f 100 (3) (.3) _(100) '.t_?;-S Lj_ 2 1604 "LI l-o-41 ·' I ?. 1.,1 1 .. 3 00 7-1-~-Ldt~ 44 sY (13) i~')) (1) (8) (1) (1) (2--4) ('1.$'} (54) s ~) 3 :tr~2 i~~ & r;-4 8-.,6 ~- 0 •o ·oo 1 .. .3 2-l;o5 '}..;_q 45 61 ($) \I b1 fZ) (5) (1) (16) (62) Table XV - Probable recoveries (corrected for plant magnet efficiency and pro- portion of' the catch searched by plant mag.nets) during the 195.3-54, 1954-55 and 1955-56 fisheries of tags inserted in adult herring on the lower west coast of Vancouver Island which were at large for one to three years" The actual numbers of recoveries are given in parenthesis.
Year Years Recovery sub-district % at L:::iwer Upper Lower Middle Upper Cent- '1)J.een homing large west west east east east ra.l Charlotte All coast coast coast coast coast Islands
1953-54 l 71207 77.,0 38oJ...c loil lol oc 00 830 .. .3 86 (61;2) (17) (31) (1) (1) (692) (93) 2 34706 5108 12ol ... loO 00 O• 41205 84 (311) {10) (10) (1) {332). (94) 3 27.,8 1.,2 1.,1 •• GG .., 30 .. 1 92 (25) ... (l) (1) (27) (93)
1954-55 l L:-o5 4.,4 00 •• 0<1 00 8.,9 51 ( :{4) (3) ... (7) (57) . 2 25o9 5 o.,,I:\ 10o9 2o2 ... 2 .. 5 . •• 47o0 55 (23) (4) (10) (2) (2) CU.) (55) 3 30/,,. 2o2 3o9 4 .. 3 ... 2cl •• 15o9 21 (3) (2) (3) (4) (1) (13) (23)
1955-56 2 lloO ... •o Oo 00 oc lloO 100 (10) ~· (10) (100) 3 17,:3 •O lc.2 oo lol lo3 20 .. 9 81 (14) (1) "" (1) (1) (l?) (82)
· All Years l 717o.2 8L4 3g .. 4 1.,1 1.,1 00 ... 839 .. 2 85 (646) (20) (31) (1) . (1) (699) (92) 2 3g4 .. 5 57.,3 23o0 2 .. 2 1.,0 24)5 04 47005 82 (344) (14) (20) (2) (l) (2) (38.3) (90) 3 48.,5 2o2 6"..3 5<)4 00 3o2 1,.J 669 72 (42) '(2) (5) (5) (2) (1) (57) (74) Table XVI - Relative abundance of juvenile herring and approximate abundance of probable food organisms Dinoflagelates and phytoplankton in a series of nine hauls at each of 34 stations in Barkley Sound, 19540 Entries underlined. indicate relatively high abtmdanceo ---·----=----- Juvenile->~ Rearing''*~ --~iollusca=~-~:..;,,,;.;.;-· *** *** abundance ground .... r' Ga.stro- Aru1el:i.da Polec:y- Eggs Phyto- Dinofla- x io3 rating _·t~ poda f,, ·, .. 'i r .. pod..i:(· plankton gellates Q;:i ., 1000 E 1 20-200 2Q::l.QQ 20~JJ!.Q 00 Q:.73.. §.::.4 1L~ 2 0-100 50 10-100 10-50 s (1000) ~ o- Q:J...QQ Q:a Pf 3 0 .. 200 0- 50 o- 20 fH) 9~'7iJ:OO 0- 25 0-N Q::! (250) F 4 0 ... 200 o- 50 1Q.:..2Q Q:2Sl 9_-]..QQ Q:1QQ 0-S O:Ji (l.300) E 5 o-.2_QQ o- 50 o- 50 0 ... 25 Q:1QQ o- 50 0-S Q.:!. (200) G 6 o- 50 o- 20 10·~100 0-25 o- 50 ~..::iQQ o.. s Q-A 2000 F 7 40 ...2,QQ o- 20 10-:JllQ 0-25 o- 20 o- 50 0-S Q.~f\. (1500) F 8 .Q::.100 o- 20 10-700 0~25 o- 20 o- 25 o-s • p 9::! (500) 9 .Q::2QQ o- 20 ~ Q::2Q o- 50 o.. 50 0-S ~~ (1000) F 10 .5~ o- 50 2,..o~ii;Q .9-lQQ 0- 50 o.... 25 s 0-N (10) p 11 Q.::20Q 0- 50 10_-:_..5.il Q:2Q Q::]S]Q .9=.._,10 0-S Q::!i 1000 G 12 0-100 0- 20 2- 25 0-20 o- 10 0- 20 §-A 0--N 70 F 1.3. 0-100 o~ 20 1- 20 0-10 o- 10 0- 20 0-F Q:l::. (1000) F 14 Q.-:.20Q o~ 50 ~o 1-50 o- 25 o- 50 Oa·N O=P,;; .. ,, p 15 .Q::1QQQ o- 50 Q::...20 0-20 o- 50 Q... 20 S-N Q::! 6oof 16 2-:..Q.::200 o- 20 10- 5,Q 0 o- 25 o- 50 S-N 0-N E~ 17 .Q:2QQ. o- 50 10- 50 0-25 o- 20 S-!, S-A 250 E 18 25..=59.Q o- 50 g9:1QQ 0-20 0-lQQ o- 20 0-N f;b4:. 0 p 19 0-100 .Q::lQ,Q Q.:_5.,Q 0-50 o- 50 0 Q:!. o-s 300 E 20 0-100 .Q=J..l]Q 1=?,J}Q 0 o- 20 o- 25 o-s o-s .300 G 21 o~ 50 0- 20 Q::..5Q 0-20 o- 20 o- 25 Q::.! o-s 100 G 22 o- 50 o- 50 10- 20 0 0 0 0-S 0-N 0 p 23 o~ 50 o- 25 1Q:-_50 0 o- 25 0 0-N 0-H 0 p 24 0-100 o- 50 10- 50 0-25 o- 50 o- 25 Q:! 0-N 0 p 25 o- 50 o- 20 10- 20 0-25 0 0 §::! o-s 0 p 26 o- 50 o~ 20 10- 20 0-20 o- 20 0 §::b. 0-S 0 p 27 o- 50 o~ io 1- 20 0=20 o- 20 0- l H o..s 600 E 2S 0-100 o- 20 10= 20 0-25 o- 20 o- 25 0-N 0-N -~-- ... ""' .... - ----~.... ,~ Juvenile-x- Rearing-x·-1;~ *~!* . *** abunda~ce grou..rid. CJ.ado- Ostra- Cirre- Cope- Deca- Gastro- Annelida Polecy- Eggs Phyto-*** Dinofla- x 10 rating cera coda pcdia poda pod a poda pod.a plankton gellates -~~~-o-,._.....,,-~~~~~~-,~,.,,,..-~~""""""""~"'-·~"'-·"····-·''"•==·,,.,=•'""'"''"~'- - =-~~ 2000 E 29 20··25 0 ... 20 o- 50 2.Q.:5.QQ 10-50 0-20 0 0 0-A s 0-N 1100 E 30 0-100 0-50 0-100 Q:.G..Q,Q -n:::ro 0-20 0-20 0 O~A Om·S o~s 500'? F 31 0··50 0=20 0- 50 25=100 io... 50 0-20 0-20 0 S-A 0-N o-s 1000 }~ 32 0-50 0-20 10- 50 lQ.:b.QQ 0-20 0 ... 20 Q.::1QQ OQ025 ~ 0-S 0-N 900 E 33 0-100 0-50 o- 50 0 .. 100 10=75 0-20 0-50 0 o-s S:ll;, O··N 0 p 34 0-20 0-20 o- 20 0-100 0-10 0-25 .Q:1QQ 0-10 0-N Q.:11 0-N
*·X·"*·Phytoplankton~ Dinoflagellate and Egg Abundance Sea.le: 0-None; S~Scarce; N-Nv.merous; .A-Abundantc -lH.'-Rearing ground rating: E-Excellent; G-Good; F~Fair; P-Poor. *Juvenile a.bund.ance figu.res in brackets indicate spasmodic appearance of fish.