Student Name 2016-2017 _______________________ UIL Music Memory School _______________________ Student Listening Destinations Bach Haydn Bartók Mozart Beethoven Puccini Brahms Reed Clarke J. Strauss, Sr. UNIVERSITY INTERSCHOLASTIC LEAGUE Delibes Tchaikovsky des Prez Walton Making a World of Difference Ginastera Williams THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN Orchestral Suite No. 2 Bach Fast Five Badinerie \'bäk\ 1. German Baroque composer; 1685‐1750 one of the “Three B’s” (Bach, Musical Minute Beethoven, and Brahms). Instrument/Voice 2. Played violin, viola, organ, Suite: a musical form and harpsichord, and organ; Flute, strings (violins, made up of a collection technical expert on organ viola, cello), harpsichord of short pieces. (often invited to inspect mechanics of church organs). Notes 3. Had 20 children: 9 survived him, 4 were composers. Orchestral suite: in Bach's time, a collection 4. Had diabetes; went blind; of dances written for a small group of instruments and a died of a stroke. solo instrument. 5. Better known as a virtuoso Badinerie: "jesting" in French (= scherzo or "joke" in Italian); organist than a composer in badinerie in music: a name given in the 18th century to a his day. Today he is considered type of quick, light movement in a suite. to be the greatest composer of all time. Harpsichord: main keyboard instrument in Renaissance and Baroque music (from about 1400 to 1750). The invention of the piano in the late 1700s caused the harpsichord's popularity to decline. Bach wrote four orchestral suites in Leipzig between 1725 and 1739, and Badinerie is part of his Orchestral Suite No. 2, composed between 1738 and 1739. Orchestral Suite No. 2 contains seven short sections or movements. Badinerie is movement 7. It has two sections, and each is repeated: AABB. Badinerie is a showpiece for flute players because of its quick tempo and difficulty. Hungarian Sketches Bartók Fast Five Bear Dance \'bär‐ˌtȯk\ 1. 20th Century Hungarian 1881‐1945 composer. Musical Minute 2. Played piano (musical prodigy). Instrument/Voice Ritardando: gradual slowing 3. With his friend Zoltan Kodály, down. A tempo: return to recorded and transcribed Orchestra the original tempo. thousands of Eastern European folk songs and dances. Developed a scientific system Notes for collecting and analyzing folk music and is one of the founders Musical prodigy: a child (under age 12) who of ethnomusicology. displays a talent in music on the same level 4. Left Hungary in 1940 to escape as a skilled adult musician. the Nazis; settled in New York; taught at Columbia University Ethnomusicology: the study of the music of different and continued to compose; cultures. died of leukemia. Orchestration: writing music for an orchestra, or adapting 5. With Franz Liszt, Bartók is music written for one instrument so that it can be played Hungary's greatest composer. by an orchestra. Transcription: notating a piece that was previously not notated, or arranging a piece of music for a different instrument or instruments. Hungarian Sketches are orchestrations (1931) of five short piano pieces that Bartók wrote between 1908 and 1911 when he was collecting folk songs in western Hungary. The original piano version of Bear Dance comes from a collection called 10 Easy Pieces and is the second piece of the Hungarian Sketches. Bartók described the piece as his impression of "a bear dancing to the song of his leader and growling to the accompaniment of a drum." Piano Sonata No. 8, “Pathétique” Beethoven Fast Five \'bā‐ˌtō‐vən\ 1. German Classical/Romantic Movement 3 composer, one of the “Three 1770‐1827 B’s” (Bach, Beethoven, Brahms). Musical Minute 2. Played violin, viola, organ, and Instrument/Voice Piano sonata: a work for was a virtuoso pianist. Known solo piano in 3‐4 sections Piano as the finest pianist of his time. or movements. 3. Gradually became deaf (began to lose his hearing in 1796; Notes completely deaf in 1818). Pathétique: tragic, referring to the emotions of 4. Moody, disorganized, and sorrow, grief, or pity. arrogant. 5. Composer of 9 famous Fortepiano: a type of early piano built in Vienna from 1770 symphonies, 16 string quartets, to about 1825. It was the keyboard instrument played by and a large amount of piano Haydn, Mozart, Schubert, and Beethoven. Hammers on the music, including 32 piano fortepiano are covered with layers of leather, rather than sonatas. One of the most with felt pads like on modern pianos. Viennese fortepianos famous and influential had light and speedy keyboard action that made fast notes composers in music history. easy to play, and produced clear, sharp tones. Rondo form: form in which the main theme returns after each contrasting section: A B A C A B A. Rondo can also refer to music that is fast and vivacious. Coda (“tail”): ending of a piece of music. Beethoven composed Sonata No. 8 in 1797‐1798 before he was fully aware that he was becoming deaf. It was published in 1799. Its nickname, “Pathétique,” was added by his publisher. Beethoven approved of the name. Beethoven dedicated this piano sonata to his friend and patron, Prince Karl von Lichnowsky. It became instantly popular and is still one of his most popular sonatas. Waltz in A‐Flat Major Brahms Fast Five \'brämz\ 1. German Romantic composer, Musical Minute one of the “Three B’s” (Bach, 1833‐1897 Beethoven, Brahms). Instrument/Voice Waltz: a type of ballroom Piano dance music in 3/4 meter. 2. Played cello, French horn, and was a virtuoso pianist. 3. Perfectionist; destroyed many Notes of his compositions before they were published. Accelerando: gradually faster, ritardando: 4. Close friend of composers gradually slower. Johann Strauss II and Robert Crescendo: gradually louder, decrescendo or diminuendo: and Clara Schumann. gradually softer. 5. Never married, died of liver cancer, buried in Vienna next Melody: a line of single pitches that move up, down, or to Beethoven, Johann Strauss II, repeat (the tune of the music). and Schubert. Accompaniment: a musical part that supports the melody. Form: the overall plan or structure of a piece of music. Phrase: a musical thought found in a melody. Phrases combine to form larger sections. Brahms wrote a set of 16 Waltzes, Op. 39 in 1865. The Waltz in A‐Flat Major is No. 15. Brahms originally composed the Waltzes for piano duet (one piano, four hands). He later arranged the set for piano solo in two different versions (difficult and simplified). The waltzes were written as a tribute to the waltz dance form, which was very popular in Vienna where he lived. The selection is the most famous waltz of the set. The Prince of Denmark’s March Clarke Fast Five \'klärk\ 1. English Baroque composer. Musical Minute 1674‐1707 2. Played organ. Instrument/Voice Voluntary: a piece of music, usually for organ, played 3. Lived his whole life in London, Trumpet and organ as part of a church service. England. Sang in choir of the Chapel Royal as a boy; organist at Winchester College, at St. Notes Paul's Cathedral, and at Chapel Royal. Trumpet Voluntary: the name given to some English keyboard pieces from the Baroque era 4. Known for harpsichord and (1600‐1759). A trumpet voluntary is usually played on the organ music. organ using the trumpet stop. 5. Clarke's best‐known composition is The Prince of Rondo form: main theme returns after each contrasting Denmark's March. section: A B A C A; rondo can also refer to music that is fast and vivacious. The natural trumpet was developed around 1300. It has no valves, and it is used to play mostly high notes. The Baroque Period (1600‐1750) is considered to be the “Golden Age of the Natural Trumpet.” Composers wrote for the natural trumpet well into the 1800s. Composed in 1699 for Prince George of Denmark, husband to Queen Anne. From around 1878 to the 1940's the piece was known as "Trumpet Voluntary" by famous English composer Henry Purcell, because of a mistake that was made when an organ arrangement was published in the 1870s. Popular as wedding music and has been used in royal weddings. Used by the BBC during WWII, especially when broadcasting to occupied Denmark. Masterpiece Theater theme. Lakmé Delibes Fast Five Flower Duet \də‐'lēb \ 1. French Romantic composer. 1836‐1891 2. Played piano and organ. Musical Minute 3. Known as composer of music Instrument/Voice Duet: composition for two for the theater (opera and Soprano, mezzo‐soprano, voices or two instruments. ballet), and taught composition. and orchestra 4. Delibes' 1870 ballet, Coppélia, with its life‐size mechanical Notes dancing doll, was greatly admired by Tchaikovsky, and Opera: a story told completely through music. influenced The Nutcracker The characters sing with an orchestra ballet. accompanying them and act out the story on a stage with costumes, scenery, props, and choreography. 5. Never in good health; died at age 54 of natural causes; buried Recitative: style used in operas in which the text is sung in in Paris. the rhythm of natural speech with slight melodic variation and little orchestral accompaniment. Libretto: contains all the words and stage directions for an opera. Soprano: high female singing voice; mezzo‐soprano: female singing voice that is lower than that of soprano, higher than that of alto. Lakmé: opera in 3 acts, composed 1881‐82. Flower Duet, sung by Lakmé (soprano) and her slave, Mallika (mezzo‐soprano), is in Act 1. The libretto for Lakmé is written in French. The Flower Duet has been used in many movies, tv shows, and commercials (British Airways). El Grillo des Prez Fast Five \de‐'prā\ 1. French Renaissance composer, Musical Minute ca. 1450‐1521 aka Josquin (his last name).