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Preface VII

Introduction 1

Part One: The Twofold Distortion of Modem Pneumatology

Chapter 1: The Holy and the Problem of Pneumatic-monism 11

I. The Idealistic Tendency of Modalism and the Diversion in Pneumatology and the Doctrine of the 11 II. The Anhypostatic Spirit-like Presence of 17 1. The as an Attribute or a Name Ascribed to God 18 2. The Holy Spirit as God's Experienced Relationship with Humanity 24 III. Pneumatic-monism and the Person of the Holy Spirit 29

Chapter 2: The Holy Spirit and the Problem of Pneumatic-jesuology 32

I. The Philosophical and Anthropological Basis of Pneumatic-jesuology 32 1. Kantian Subjectivism and Schleiermachan Romanticism 32 2. Pneumatic-jesuology and Spirit-: A Distinction 39 II. How the Overemphasis on the Person of Jesus Excludes the Personhood of the Holy Spirit 41 1. The Spirit as an Agent who makes the Religious Experience of Jesus Factual for Us 41 2. The Spirit as the Scriptural-Linguistic Model of Christ's Continual Presence and Lordship 48 III. Three Weaknesses of Pneumatic-jesuology 51 1. Theistic Apologetic Weakness 51 2. Biblical-Theological Weakness 53 3. Phenomenological Weakness 55

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Part Two: The Holy Spirit in the of the Fathers

Chapter 3: The Holy Spirit and the Doctrine of the Trinity 61

I. Western Pneumatology: The Monist Attestation 61 1. The Spirit as the Relation of the Father to the Son: The Augustinian Legacy 61 2. The Spirit as a Relation Between Two other Divine Relations 69 i. Anselm's Ontology of the Relations of Origin 69 ii. Aquinas's Ontology of the Personified Unicity 73 II. Eastern Pneumatology: The Perichoretic Attestation to the Holy Spirit 80 1. The Pre-hypostatic Attestation to the Spirit within the Trinity 82 2. The Perichoretic Attestation to the Holy Spirit 89

Chapter 4: The Subordination of the Holy Spirit in Trinitarian Theology 99

I. The Problem of the Causal Relations of Origin 99 II. The Problem with the Emphasis on the Godhead as the Father Alone 105 III. The Promise of Gregory Nazianzen's Perichoretic Godhead Ontology 111 IV. The Personhood of the Holy Spirit: Extending Modern Trinitarian Theology 130 1. Two Misunderstandings of the Cappadocian Logic 130 2. 'Alongsidedness' as the Missing Key Notion for a Balanced Trinitarian Theology 134

Part Three: 'Person' Theology, and the Person of the Spirit

Chapter 5: Theological Trends in the Concept of Person in the Doctrine of God 143

I. Historic-dogmatic Sketch of the Language of Personhood 143 1. The Terminological Roots 143 2. The Ontological Outcomes 149 II. The Rejection of the Concept of Person in the Doctrine of the Trinity 153 1. St. Augustine: The 'Name' Alternative 153 2. Karl Barth: The 'Mode of Being' Alternative 155 Table of Contents XI

Chapter 6: The Defence of Person and the Relationship Concept 164

I. The Proposal of R. W. Jenson: 'Being is Becoming' 164 II. The Proposal of J. Zizioulas: 'Being as Communion' 172

Chapter 7: The Hypostasis of the Holy Spirit: Toward a Pneumatological Extension of the Case 184

I. The Patristic View of Personhood as 'In' and 'Beyond' 184 II. The Spirit as the Image of Particular Personhood in Communion 191

Part Four: The Scriptural Attestation to the Hypostasis of the Spirit

A Methodological Note 207

Chapter 8: The Reciprocal Koinonia of the Spirit and the Father 212

I. Introduction 212 II. The Spirit's Role in the Father's Saving Work 212 III. The Spirit in the Father's Relation to Creation 217

Chapter 9: The Reciprocal Koinonia Between the Spirit and the Son 223

I. Introduction 223 II. The Spirit and the Virginal Birth of the Son 223 HI. The Spirit and the of Jesus 226 IV. The Personal Distinction Between the Spirit and the Son 231 1. The Spirit and the Son in Some Pauline Texts 232 2. The Spirit and the Son in Some Johannine Texts 239 V. Between Pneumatology and Christology 250

Chapter 10: The Eschatological Spirit and the Community of the Son....253

I. The Eschatological Spirit and the Beginning of the Church 253 1. The Spirit on the Day of Pentecost 255 2. The Eschatological Spirit and the Future of God's Community 259 II. The Spirit and Proclamation 264 III. The Spirit and the Sainthood of All Believers 268 XII Table of Contents

Conclusion: The Perichoretic Godhead and the Holy Spirit 274

Bibliography 283

Name Index 299 Subject Index 303