Washington State Healthy Youth Survey 2002 Analytic Report Prepared for Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Old Capitol Building, PO Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504–7200 Department of Health 1112 SE Quince Street, PO Box 47890 Olympia, WA 98504–7890 Department of Social and Health Services 1115 Washington Street SE, PO Box 45000 Olympia, WA 98504–5000 Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development 906 Columbia Street SW, PO Box 48300 Olympia, WA 98504–8300 Prepared by RMC Research Corporation 522 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 1407 Portland, OR 97204 January 2004 Prepared for Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Old Capitol Building PO Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504–7200 Department of Health 1112 Southeast Quince PO Box 47890 Olympia, WA 98504–7890 Department of Social and Health Services 1115 Washington Street Southeast PO Box 45000 Olympia, WA 98504–5000 Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development 906 Columbia Street Southwest PO Box 48350 Olympia, WA 98504–8350 Prepared by Eric L. Einspruch, Ph.D. Gwen Hyatt, M.S. RMC Research Corporation 522 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 1407 Portland, OR 97204 Prepared in collaboration with the Joint Survey Planning Committee January 2004 Analytic Report Washington State Healthy Youth Survey 2002 Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Dr. Terry Bergeson State Superintendent of Public Instruction Marty S. Daybell Deputy Superintendent, Administration and Operations Chief Information Officer Marcia L. Riggers Assistant Superintendent, Student Support and Operations Martin T. Mueller Director, Learning and Teaching Support Mona M. Johnson Program Supervisor, Learning and Teaching Support This material is available in alternative format upon request. Contact Safe and Drug-Free Schools, (360) 725–6044 or TTY (360) 664–3631. The Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction complies with all federal and state rules and regulations and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, age, or marital status. Department of Health Mary Selecky Secretary Maxine Hayes State Health Officer Department of Social and Health Services Dennis Braddock Secretary, Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Kenneth D. Stark Director Fred Garcia Chief of Service Operations Antoinette Krupski Research and Evaluation Supervisor Michael Langer Prevention Services Supervisor Stephen Smothers Prevention Services Lead Worker Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development Martha Choe Director, Local Government Division Nancy Ousley Assistant Director, Local Government Division Paul Perz Managing Director, Safe and Drug-Free Communities Unit Susan Roberts Program Supervisor, Community Mobilization Program Contents Figures ................................................................................................................................vii Tables ..................................................................................................................................ix Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................xi Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ xiii Introduction........................................................................................................................ 1 Methods.............................................................................................................................. 9 Physical Activity and Dietary Behavior........................................................................ 21 Health Status and Health Care..................................................................................... 36 School Climate ................................................................................................................ 42 Unintentional Injury Behaviors ....................................................................................... 49 Intentional Injury Behaviors ............................................................................................ 57 Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use...................................................................... 63 Risk and Protective Factors ........................................................................................... 91 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................105 References .....................................................................................................................107 Appendix A Item-Level Results by Grade ................................................................. 117 Appendix B Healthy Youth Survey (02) Forms A, B, and C..................................... 163 Appendix C Item Crosswalk Across Forms................................................................. 209 Appendix D List of Participating Schools................................................................... 214 Appendix E Analyses of Possible Bias Prepared by Washington State Department of Health............................................................................ 244 v Figures Figure 1 Completion Rates for Form A, Grades 8, 10, and 12.............................. 16 Figure 2 Completion Rates for Form B, Grades 8, 10, and 12 .............................. 17 Figure 3 Completion Rates for Form C, Grade 6.................................................... 17 Figure 4 Prevalence of Overweight or At Risk for Becoming Overweight ......... 23 Figure 5 Students Who Ate Five or More Servings of Fruit and Vegetables Each Day Over the Past 7 Days ................................................................ 25 Figure 6 Involvement in Vigorous Cardiovascular Exercise Three or More Days per Week............................................................................................. 26 Figure 7 Students Who Met the Recommendation for Moderate or Vigorous Physical Activity ........................................................................................... 27 Figure 8 Participation in Physical Education........................................................... 28 Figure 9 Amount of Exercise During Physical Education Classes......................... 29 Figure 10 Television for Two Hours or Less on an Average School Day................. 30 Figure 11 Eating Family Dinners Most of the Time or Always .................................. 31 Figure 12 Consumption of Two or More Sodas Yesterday...................................... 32 Figure 13 Students Reporting That Crossing the Street Walking or With Their Bicycle is Easy............................................................................................... 34 Figure 14 Students Scared by Dogs or People When Crossing the Street ........... 35 Figure 15 Prevalence of Asthma ................................................................................ 37 Figure 16 Student Access to Health Care ................................................................. 39 Figure 17 Perceived Adequacy of Schools’ HIV/AIDS Education......................... 40 Figure 18 Experience of Depressive Feelings ............................................................ 41 Figure 19 Perceived Safety at School........................................................................ 43 Figure 20 Students Who Were Bullied in the Past 30 Days ...................................... 44 Figure 21 Weapon Carrying to School ...................................................................... 46 Figure 22 Attending School Drunk or High ................................................................ 47 Figure 23 Physical Fighting on School Property ........................................................ 48 Figure 24 Helmet Wearing When Riding a Motorcycle........................................... 50 Figure 25 Helmet Wearing When Riding a Bicycle .................................................. 51 Figure 26 Seat Belt Wearing When Riding in a Vehicle........................................... 52 vii Figure 27 Riding in a Vehicle Whose Driver Had Been Drinking Alcohol.............. 53 Figure 28 Driving a Vehicle After Drinking Alcohol .................................................. 54 Figure 29 Life Vest Wearing When Boating ............................................................... 55 Figure 30 Trend in Weapon Carrying ......................................................................... 59 Figure 31 Gang Membership ...................................................................................... 60 Figure 32 Suicide-Related Behaviors.......................................................................... 61 Figure 33 Students Who Attempted Suicide............................................................. 62 Figure 34 Alcohol Use by Grade................................................................................. 77 Figure 35 Trend in Alcohol Use by Grade.................................................................. 78 Figure 36 Trend in Binge Drinking by Grade.............................................................. 79 Figure 37 Cigarette Use by Grade ............................................................................. 80 Figure 38 Perception of Risk of Secondhand Smoke............................................... 81 Figure 39 Students Who Practiced Tobacco Refusal Skills in Class ....................... 82 Figure 40 Discussion of Dangers of Tobacco Use With Parents