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A Peculiar New Species of Ceracis Mellié (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Neotropical Region

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A Peculiar New Species of Ceracis Mellié (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Neotropical Region J o u r. T r o p. C o l e o p. 1 ( 2 ), 1 - 11 C o p y r i g h t @ 2 0 2 0 U n i v e r s i t y P r e s s J O U R N A L O F T R O P I C A L C O L E O P T E R O L O G Y A peculiar new species of Ceracis Mellié (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Neotropical region 1*,2Igor Souza-Gonçalves, 2Cristiano Lopes-Andrade 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil 2Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil Corresponding author: Igor Souza-Gonçalves, [email protected] Abstract Ceracis ascetonotum sp. nov. is described on the basis of 54 specimens collected in Forth Sherman, the type locality, Barro Colorado and Campana (Panama); Parque Nacional Natural Sierra de La Macarena (Meta, Colombia) and Popayán (Cauca, Colombia); Monteverde (Costa Rica); and Canarana (Central-West Brazil). Ceracis ascetonotum sp. nov. differs from other species in the genus in the 10-segmented antenna (except for species in the Ceracis singularis species-group); the very peculiar morphology of the male pronotum, which is characterized by two deep and wide impressions anteriorly, the outer borders of impressions extended forward as two lateral, elongate horns, each with an apical knob, and posterior contours of impressions joined at middle forming a thin elevation resembling a tiny horn; and the penis bearing a bilobed apex, the dorsal one with apical portion acute, and the ventral one forming two elongate and sharp struts. Keywords: Central America, Ciinae, minute tree-fungus beetles, South America, taxonomy Introduction Ciidae is a cosmopolitan family of small to minute beetles, which includes more than 750 species in 51 genera (Lawrence, 2016, 2019; Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018). These beetles feed, in both larval and adult stages, on the mycelia and basidiomes of Ganodermataceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Polyporaceae and other bracket fungi (Lawrence, 1971; Lawrence & Lopes-Andrade, 2010), being particularly diverse in tropical and subtropical regions. Ceracis Mellié, 1849 is the second most diverse genus of the family with 53 described species of which 35 are reported from the Neotropical region (Lawrence, 1967, 1971; Antunes-Carvalho & Lopes-Andrade, 2011, 2013; Pecci-Maddalena & Lopes-Andrade, 2017; Souza-Gonçalves & Lopes- Andrade, 2020). The genus Ceracis can be characterized by the combination of the following features (based on Lawrence, 2016): (i) body oval to elongate; (ii) antennae 8- or 9-segmented, occasionally 10-segmented; (iii) prosternum concave with prosternal process laminate (except for species in the Ceracis furcifer species-group); (iv) protibiae with outer apical angle expanded subapically to form a rounded lobe with a row of socketed spines; (v) metaventrite convex; (vi) discrimen short or absent; and (vii) vestiture of minute setae, usually inconspicuous. Here we describe the Neotropical Ceracis ascetonotum sp. nov., a species with broad distribution and peculiar secondary sexual features of males, based on specimens from Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Central-West Brazil. 1 Published: 14 Nov. 2020 J o u r. T r o p. C o l e o p. 1 ( 2 ), 1 - 11 C o p y r i g h t @ 2 0 2 0 U n i v e r s i t y P r e s s J O U R N A L O F T R O P I C A L C O L E O P T E R O L O G Y Material and Methods Museum acronyms are as follows (name of curator between parentheses): ANIC – Australian National Insect Collections, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (A. Ślipiński) CELC – Coleção Entomológica do Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil (C. Lopes-Andrade) FMNH – Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA (A. F. Newton and M. K. Thayer). Terms for external morphology and male terminalia of ciids follow Lawrence et al. (2011), Lawrence (2016) and Lopes-Andrade & Lawrence (2005, 2011), but see also Oliveira et al. (2013) for an explanation on the use of “tegmen”. The term “anterocephalic edge” is used in place of “frontoclypeal ridge” to refer to the anterior part of head dorsum, which constitution is not clearly known. The term “single punctation” describes a punctation made of punctures that fall into one size class, while “dual punctation” describes a punctation made of punctures that fall into two conspicuously different size classes. Both terms are traditionally used in the taxonomy of Ciidae. The following abbreviations are used for measurements (in mm) and ratios: BW (width of anterior edge of scutellar shield), CL (length of antennal club measured from base of the eighth to apex of the tenth segment), EL (elytral length along the midline), EW (greatest width of elytra), FL (length of antennal funicle measured from base of the third to apex of the seventh segment), GD (dorso-ventral height of body measured in lateral view, from the surface of elytra to that of the metaventrite), GW (greatest diameter of eye), PL (pronotal length along midline), PW (greatest pronotal width), SL (length of scutellar shield), TL (total length counted as EL+PL, i.e. excluding head). The GD/EW and TL/EW ratios indicate the degree of body convexity and elongation, respectively. Sum and ratios of measurements of antennae are based on gross values, while measurements of each segment are based on approximate values. Transcription of labels, dissection, photography and measurement of specimens followed the methods provided by Araujo & Lopes-Andrade (2016). We measured specimens of the new species from all localities. Differences are given in “Variation”, together with standard measurements (mean and standard deviation) and ratios. Data on host fungus extracted from labels are summarized in the corresponding section and fungus name was updated consulting the database Index Fungorum (2020). The corresponding number of records were placed on the same section, indicating breeding records. The recognition of breeding records follows the criteria provided in Orledge & Reynolds (2005). The distribution map (Fig. 5) was created in the freeware QGIS 3.14.1-Pi. The abdominal terminalia of the following specimens were extracted: one male and one female paratypes of Cer. ascetonotum sp. nov. from Barro Colorado (Canal Zone, Panama) (completely dissected and stored in glycerin); one male paratype from Canarana (Central-West Brazil) (dissected and stored in a vial containing alcohol 70%). Information on the gula in the description provided here is restricted to the ratio of gula width to head width. 2 Published: 14 Nov. 2020 J o u r. T r o p. C o l e o p. 1 ( 2 ), 1 - 11 C o p y r i g h t @ 2 0 2 0 U n i v e r s i t y P r e s s J O U R N A L O F T R O P I C A L C O L E O P T E R O L O G Y Taxonomy Ceracis ascetonotum Souza-Gonçalves & Lopes-Andrade sp. nov. (Figs 1–5) Type locality. “Fort Sherman”, coordinates 9º21’N 79º57’W (Canal Zone, Panama). Type material. Holotype: ♂ (FMNH) “Fort Sherman, Canal Zone, Panama, IV-2-67 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2084 \ Polyporus caperatus \ Ceracis ascetonotum Souza-Gonçalves & Lopes-Andrade HOLOTYPUS [red paper]”. PARATYPES: 24 ♂♂ and 29 ♀♀ as follows: 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (CELC), same data as the holotype; 2 ♂♂ (1 CELC; 1 ANIC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 6, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2337 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 3 ♂♂ (1 CELC; 2 FMNH) and 1 ♀ (FMNH) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 19, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2445 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ (ANIC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 15, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2433 \ J.F. Lawrence, Collector”; 1 ♀ (ANIC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 15, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2433”; 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (CELC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 15, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2422 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 2 ♂♂ (CELC) and 1 ♀ (ANIC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 10, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2373 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ (CELC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, Feb. 12, 1968 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2384 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 2 ♂♂ (1 CELC; 1 ANIC) and 7 ♀♀ (2 CELC; 3 ANIC; 2 FMNH) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, V-19-73 G. Ekis \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 3415 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ (CELC) “Barro Colorado Is., Canal Zone, IV-7-67 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2126 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ (FMNH) and 2 ♀♀ (1 CELC, completely dissected and stored in glycerin; 1 FMNH) “Barro Colorado Is., Canal Zone, IV-3-67 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2102 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ (CELC, completely dissected and stored in glycerin) and 1 ♀ (CELC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, July 16 1969 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2895 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♀ (CELC) “Barro Colorado Is., CANAL ZONE, July 6 1969 \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2786 \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ (CELC) “MONTEVERDE, PUNTARENAS, C.R. VII-28-68 [handwritten] \ J.F. Lawrence, Lot. 2688 \ R. Andrews, Collector \ Polyporus caperatus”; 1 ♂ and 4 ♀♀ (CELC) “Cerro Campana, 3000’, Panama., July 31, 1970, H. & A. Howden”; 4 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ (CELC) “COLÔMBIA: Meta, Vista Hermosa, Vda. la [sic; Vda. La] Reforma, 2-3.iv.2010, leg. J.L. Contreras \ 2º37’52.1”N [sic; 2º58’N], 75º44’10.3”W [sic; 73º54’W], 296m”; 2 ♀♀ (CELC) “COLÔMBIA: Meta, Vista Hermosa, Vereda la [sic; Vereda La] Reforma, PNN la [sic; PNN La] Macarena, 2-3.iv.2010, leg.
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