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Revision of the loricariid genera Hemipsilichthys and Isbrueckerichthys (Teleostei: Siluriformes), with descriptions of five new species of Hemipsilichthys

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Ichthyol. Explor. Frcshwaters, Vol. 13, fo.2, pp. 97-146, 26 figs., 4 tabs., June 2002 @2oo2by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Miinchen, Germany - ISSN 0936-9902

Revision of the loricariid genera Hemipsilichthys and Isbrueckerichthys (Teleostei: Siluriformes), with descriptions of five new species of Hemipsilichthys

Edson H. L. Pereira' and Roberto E. Reis'

Genera HCl1IipsilicJlthys and Isbrueckerichtllys are revised. Eighteen species are recognized in the genus Hcmipsilich­ thys: H. bahia/IllS, H. calmolli, H. cerOSlIS, H. garbei, H. gO/Jio, H./JIl1tllca, H.lIlIdIlIIlS, H. papillatus, H. regalli, H. spiel/dellS, I-f. steiJldacJmcri, H. stepha/illS, and H. vestigipilll1is. Five new species of HelllipsilichtJlYs are described: H. stoll/ias and H. flzygoJechis from coastal rivers of Santa Catarina State; H. Ilystrix and H. cllrycephaills from the upper rio Uruguai drainage, and H. hypselliTl/s from coastal rivers of northestern Rio Grande do Sui State. T""o species are recognized in IsbrueckericJltJlYs: I. dllseni and /. alipiol/is. With the exception of H. regal/i, from the rio Negro, Amazon basin, all species of Hemipsilichtltys and lsbrueckericlttllys are from the Brasilian shield between Rio Grande do Sui and Southern Bahia. Upsilool/s is synonymized with Hemipsi/iclttltys, and U. victori is synonymyzed with H. gobio. Hemipsi/icltthys stei"dacJ",eri is resurrected from the synonymy of H. calmolli. Lectotypes are designated for H. calmoni, H. steilldacJl1leri, and H. eer05l/S.

Os generos Hemipsilichlllys e Isbrueckerichthys sao revisados. Dezoito espeeies sao assinaladas para 0 genero Hemipsilicltlllys: H. bahialllls, H. calmoni, H. ceraslls, H. garbei, H. gobio, H. mullica, H. IlIldulus, H. papillallls, H. regal/i, H. spiel/dellS, H. steilldacJmeri, H. stephmllls, and H. t't!Stigipil/llis. Cinco novas especies de Helllipsi!iclltltys sao descntas: H. stoll/ias e H. azygolechis dos nos costeiros do estado de Santa Catarina; H. Ifyslr;x e H. ellrycepltahlS do rio Uruguai superior e H. hypselurus dos rios cosleiros do nordeste do Rio Grande do SuI. Duas especies sao reconhecidas em Islmfeckericllthys: I. duselli c I. a/ipiollis. Com ex~o de H. regalli que e do rio Negro, bacia amaz6nica, todas as especies de Hemipsilichtltys e Isbrueekericltthys sao do escudo brasileiro entre 0 Rio Grande do SuI e 0 Sul da Bahia. Upsi/odus e soninimizado com Hcmipsi/ichtllys, e U. victori e sinonimizado com H. gobio. Hemipsi/icltthys steilldaclllleri e retirado da sinonimia de H. calmolli. Sao designados lect6tipos para H. ea/molli, H. steilldaclllleri e 1-1. cerasus.

Introduction lava flows of the Brazilian shield. Most species are found in the coastal drainages from southern Both Hemipsilichthys and Isbrueckerichthys are com­ Brazil north to the rio Almada in southern Bahia posed of small- to medium-sized species of cas­ State and headwaters of the rio Sao Francisco, codas (armored catfishes, Loricariidae), that in­ while one species was described from a tributary habit the rivers running on the mesozoic basaltic cf the rio Negro, in the heart of the Amazon.

• Museu de Ciencias c Tecnologia - PUCRS, P. O. Box 1429, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Email: [email protected]@pucrs.br lchthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 98

Species of these genera are commonly found in ess); plates on dorsal-fin base (number of dorsal small to medium headwater streams with clear, plates lateral to the dorsal-fin base); plates be­ fast funning, and well-oxygenated water, where tween dorsal and adipose fins (number of plates the bottom is composed of rocks, boulders, and in dorsal series between last dorsal-fin branched sometimes gravel. Standard length of HClllipsil­ ray and origin of adipose-fin spine); plates be­ ichtltys species varies in a four-fold basis, from a tween adipose and caudal fins (number of plates maximum of 34 mm in adult male H. IlIIdlllus to in dorsal series between the adipose membrane about 156 mm in adult male H. gobia. and the caudal fin); plates on anal-fin base Only two species have been allocated in 15­ (number of plates in ventral series lateral to the brueckericlithys, J. dllsclli and l. alipiolJis, while 13 anal-fin base); plates between anal and caudal species have been traditionally assigned to Hellli­ fins (number of plates in ventral series between psiliclithys: H. go/Jio, H. call1/olli, H. garbei, H. steill­ the last anal-fin branched ray and the caudal fin); dnc!lIlI:ri, H. regal/i, H. ceroslls, H. vestigipillllis, azygous plates (number of azygous plates pre­ H.splClldcJls, H. IIIlItllCI1, H. stephmlJls, H. Ill/dlllus, ceding the adipose-fin spine); premaxillary and and H. papiflatlls. An additional species, CorYIll­ dentary teeth (counted separately in both sides). bop/wiles bahimllls has recently been tranferred to In case of missing teeth, the space left was count~ Helllipsi/ieill/I!!s by Armbruster et al. (2000). ed as a tooth. The present paper aims to present a taxonom­ All type localities are listed as in the original ic revision of the genera HCII/ipsilichfhY5 and 15­ descriptions, with corrections and or clarifying bml?ckericllthys, redescribing the often confused, notes in square brackets when necessary. In the previously known species and describing five lists of material examined the museum ;'1Cronym new species. A detailed assessment of the phylo­ and catalogue number comes first, followed by genetic relationships of these species, as well as the number of specimens in that lot and the range other related genera, is currently being prepared, of standard length. The number of specimens and is deferred to another paper. measured in that lot for the morphometric com­ parisons in Table 1-4, if any, follows the total number ofspecimens in parenthesis. The detailed Material and methods collecting locality finishes each entry. in case of type material, date of collection and coUector are Specimens used in this shldy belong to the fol­ also included. All holotypes of new species are lowing institutions: DZSJRP, Universidade Fed­ males. In the diagnoses for each species below eral de Sao jose do Rio Preto; lRSNB, Institut we present distinguishing characters that help to Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brux­ distinguish one species from others, with no phy­ eUes; MCP, Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Por­ logenetic information implied. to Alegre; MNRj, Museu Nacional, Rio de janei­ in the State of Santa Catarina there are two ro; MZUSP, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade rivers named Cubah'io. These are referred herein de Sao Paulo; NMW, Naturhistorisches Museum, as rio Cubatao N, for the river in the northern Wien; UFRCS, Departamento de Zoologia da portion of Santa Catarina near joenville, and rio Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sut Por­ Cubatao S, for the river near A.guas Momas. Ab­ to Alegre; ZMUC, Zoologisk Museum, Copenha­ breviations used are SL (standard length) and HL gen; and ZSM, Zoologische Staatssammlung, (head length). Miinchen. Body plates counts and nomenclature follow Schaefer (1997). Measurements follow Boeseman Hemipsilic1lt1lys Eigenmann & Eigenmann (1968), and were taken from point to point with electronic calipers, under a dissecting microscope XCIIOIIIYS/IIS Liitken, 1874: 217 (type-species: XCIJ­ when necessary. Measurements were taken on OlllyStllS gobio Liitken, 1874 by original desig­ the left side of all specimens, except when the nation; pre-occupied in Pisces) character was damaged. Counts were also taken HC/l/ipsi/ichthys Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889: on the left side, except for those that are taken on 46 (type-species XCIIOIllYStllS gobio Liitken, both sides (noted below), and include: mid-ven­ 1874; name in substitution for XCIIOllIysfllS tral plate series (number of plates with the lateral Lii tken, 1874) line, counted from the c1eithral posterior proc-

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Hemipsilichtllys and Isbrul'ckt'richthys 99

Psilicillilys Steindachner, 1907: 82 (type-species: 4. Dorsal series of plates complete, with plates Hemipsilichtllys calmon; Steindachner, 1907 by between head and caudal peduncle; eye monotypy. Generic name was an error. Name large (12.0-14.7 % HL); c1eithrum narrow preoccupied in fossil fishes by PsiJic11thys Halt (26.7-29.7 % SL) (rio Paraiba do Sui). 1900) ...... H. gobio Pareiorllaphis Miranda Ribeiro, 1918: 106 (type­ Dorsal series of plates reduced, with no species: HC1Ilipsilichthys calmou; Steindachner, plates behveen dorsal-fin origin and end of 1907 by subsequent designation of Regan, adipose fin; eye small (8.6-11.8 % HL); c1ei­ 1920) thrum wide (29.7-32.9 % SL) (rio Preto of Upsilodlls Miranda Ribeiro, 1924: 365 (type-spe­ rio Paraiba do Sui drainage). cies Upsilodl/s victor; Miranda Ribeiro, 1924 ...... H. papilla/lis by monotypy) 5. - Rictal barbel free and distinct from lip. Diagnosis. A phylogenetic diagnosis for Hcmi­ ...... 6 psilichtllys is now unavailable, but species be­ Rictal barbel united to lip by a membrane. longing to this genus can be readily distinguished ...... 9 from other hypostomines by the combination of the following characters: small to medium size 6. - Head short (27.6-27.8 % SL); lower lip pa­ (up to 156 mm SL), mature males with hyper­ pillae homogeneous in size; teeth with lat­ throphied odontodcs on cheeks, a small naked eral cusp minute, never greater than half area behind the pterotic-supracleithrum, abdo­ length of inner cusp (locality unkown). men naked, dorsal fin with one spine and seven ...... H. cerasl/s branched rays, caudal peduncle ovoid in cross­ Head long (31.3-34.9 % SL); lower lip papil­ section (but flattened ventrally in H. baltinJllls), lae decreasing in size toward posterior bor­ and bicllspid teeth with a large and a small cusp der; teeth with lateral cusp larger than half (but unicuspid in H. garbei). length of inner cusp or lateral cusp absent...... 7

Key to species of HemipsilichtlJYs 7. - Teeth simple, without a lateral cusp (rio Macae). 1. Dors.:,l surface of body completely encased ...... H. garhei in dermal plates. Teeth bifid, with a short lateral cusp...... 2 ...... 8 Dorsal surface of body with extreme reduc­ tion of dermal plates (rio Ararangmi). 8. - Caudal peduncle ovoid in cross-section; ...... H. /llldlllllS head low (38.4 % SL); body wide at c1ei­ thrum (35.6 % SL); orbital diameter small 2. - Adipose fin present. (12.0 % HL) (rio Jequitinhonha)...... 3 .. H. steplInl/lls Adipose fin absent (upper rio Uruguai). Caudal peduncle flattened ventrally and ...... H. vestigipillllis approximately triangular in cross-section; head deep (48.{}-57.9 % SL); body narrow at 3. - Teeth with both cusps of approximately cleithrum (28.2-31.7 % SL); orbital diameter same size; dorsal series of plates on both large (15.8-18.8 % HL) (coastal stream near sides not meeting in middorsal line behind liheus, Bahia). dorsal-fin base. . H. baltialllis ...... 4 Teeth with a large and a small cusp or with 9. Anal fin with four branched rays. a single cusp; dorsal series of plates on both ...... 10 sides meeting each other in middorsal line Anal fin with five branched rays. behind dorsal-fin base. . 11 ...... 5

lchthyol. ExpJor. Freshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 100

10. - Dorsal surface with small dark dots, small­ 15. - Hypertrophjed odontodes on cheeks of ma­ er and more numerous on head; caudal hire males small and delicate (usually short­ peduncle low (depth equal to or smaller er than a mandibular ramus). than length of a mandibular ramus); den­ ...... 16 tary with 94-120 teeth (rio Tubarao and rio Hypertrophied odontodes on cheeks of ma­ Ararangua). ture males long and thick (usually longer . H. stow ins than a mandibular ramus). Dorsal surface uniformly dark brown; cau­ ...... 17 dal peduncle deep (depth greater than length of a mandibular ramus); dentary with 16. - Soft fleshy lobes on lateral margins of head 74-98 teeth (rio Ararangwl, rio Mampituba, of mahlre males reduced; c1eithrum com­ rio Tres Forquilhas, and rio Maquine). paratively wide (33.5-40.0 % SL) (upper rio ...... H. Itypselllrl/S Canoas)...... H. eurycephallls 11. - Pectoral-fin spine short and curved, reach­ Soft fleshy lobes on lateral margins of head ing half of pelvic fin at maximum; first and of mahlre males well-developed; cleithrum second branched pectoral-fin rays longer comparatively narrow (29.3-31.7 % SL) (up­ that pectoral-fin spine. per rio Uruguai and upper rio jacuf)...... 12 ...... H. hystrix Pectoral-fin spine long and straight, reach­ ing beyond half lenght of pelvic fin; first 17. - Head longer (30.2-36.4 % SL); larger hyper­ branched pectoral-fin ray equal to spine in trophied odontodes on cheeks of mature length, second shorter (rio Ararangua, rio males short (shorter than snout) (rio Cu­ Tubarao, and rio Cubatao 5). batao N, rio ltapocu, rio ltajaf A~u, and rio ...... H. call1iolli Cubatao 5)...... H. steilldachllcri 12. - Body narrow at c1eithrum (24.2-29.2 % SL); Head shorter (29.3 % SL); larger hypertro­ pectoral-fin spine narrower than pelvic-fin phied odontodeson cheeks of mahlre males spine in ventral view; 3-6 preadipose azy­ long (longer than snout) (rio Curicuriari gous plates. and rio jau)...... 13 . H. regani Bodv wide at c1eithrum (27.3-38.9 % SL); pectoral-fin spine equal to'br wider than pelvic-fin spine in ventral view; 1-2 pread­ HemipsilicJltllys gobio (Liitken) ipose azygous plates. (Fig. 1) ...... 14 Xellalllystlls gabia Liitken, 1874: 217-220, pl. 4 figs. 13. - Caudal peduncle short (32.5-35.4 % SL); 25­ 1-6 (type-locality unknown) 27 lateral line plates; predorsal region with Upsilorlus victori Miranda Ribeiro, 1924: 366 (type­ darker dots (rio das Vel has). locality: in Paquequer at Therezopolis, Rio de ...... H. Illlltllca Janeiro) Caudal peduncle long (36.0-39.4 % SL); 28­ 30 lateral line plates; predorsal region with­ Examined material. Brazil: rio Parafba do SuI drain­ out dots (rio Garuva). age: ZMUC 76, holotypeof X.gabia, 121.2 mm SL; South ...... H. azygolechis America. - MNRJ 639, lectotype of U. victori, 101.4 mm SL; MNRJ 646, 1 pamlectotype of U. victori, 108.3 mm SL; Rio de Janeiro: rio Paquequer, Teresopolis. - MNRJ 14. - Pelvic-fin spine longer than thoracic length. 13654,3+ 1 c&s (4), 60.3-88.7 mm SL; Rio de Janeiro: rio ...... 15 dos Frades, near mouth of corrego da Chacam, Ter­ Pelvic-fin spine shorter than thoracic length esopolis. - MZUSP unreg., 1, 156.4 mm SL; Rio de Ja­ (rio Nhwldiaquara, rio Sao joao, rio Cu­ neiro: rio Preto, Visconde de Maua. - MCr 19780, 13 (5), batao N, rio Itajai A~u, and rio Cubatao S). 36.7-123.9 mm SL; MHNG 2587-31. 4 (4), 45.0-108.4 mm ...... H. splcJldens SL;S50 Paulo: arroio Macaquinho, tributary of rio Parait~ inga ca. 5 km of Bairro dos Macacas, Silveiras. - UFJF

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Ht'lI1ifJsilichthys and Islmll'ckcrichtl1ys 101

Fig. 1. Hcmipsilichtl1ys go/Jio, UFJF 0362, 111.6 mm SL, male; Brazil: Minas Gerais: ribcir50 Santana.

0362, 2"1, 104.8-131.8 mm SL; Minas Gerais: ribeirao along the middorsal line between the end of dor­ Sant

Ichthyo1. Explor. Frcshw

Description. Standard length of examined spec­ plates reduced in size, with plates from both imens 43.5-123.9 mm. Counts and proportional sides not meeting along middorsal line between measurements presented in Table 1. Body mod­ dorsal and adipose fins. Abdomen and ventral erately depressed and progressively narrowing surface of head completely naked. from c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal Head broad and moderately depressed. Snout profile of body slightly convex, elevating from convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descend­ elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and lateral ridges slightly more prominent. Dorsal caudal peduncle mostly rounded in cross-sec­ region of head between orbits flat to slightly con­ tion, flattened ventrally and more compressed cave; upper margin of orbit slightly elevated. Eye caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ moderately small (12.()"14.7 % HL) dorsolateral­ gin. Dorsal surface of body mostly covered by ly placed. Iris with very small or no dorsal flap dermal plates. Dorsal series of plates present but covering pupil. Margin of head covered minute

Table 1. Descriptive morphometries and meristics of Hemipsilic1lt1lys species. Values given as ranges for all measured specimens.

H. gobio H. ca/mou; H. garhei H. steilldaclllleri H. r('galli H./mltialllls n=13 n=39 n=16 n=115 n-1 n""12 Standard length (mm) 45.3-123.9 39.7-92.5 56.3-112.0 47.4-124.2 113.0 53.0-73.9 Percents of standard length Head length 29.7-37.5 31.1-37.6 31.3-34.9 30.2-36.4 29.3 30.7-33.0 Predorsal length 41.6-47.2 41.8-47.9 32.5-45.6 40.6-47.4 45.1 42.1-44.5 Postdorsal length 41.6-45.3 39.0-44.2 39.3-43.8 38.1-44.6 42.0 38.1-42.9 Dorsal-fin spine length 16.9-20.4 17.4-23.6 20.2-23.2 18.6-25.4 21.7 22.0-25.0 Anal-fin spine length 14.0-17.6 11.7-17.2 13.7-17.0 10.9-16.3 12.8 9.8-11.5 Pectoral-fin spine length 19.6-23.6 18.4-30.2 12.9-18.1 17.9-23.1 18.0 20.9-24.0 Pelvic-fin spine length 17.1-22.1 16.3-23.5 20.8-24.9 18.3-24.7 21.0 18.4-22.0 Upper caudal-fin ray 17.0-23.6 17.0-23.9 20.8-25.8 19.0-26.9 20.6 20.6-23.6 Lower caudal-fin ray 19.5-27.5 16.6-32.5 22.3-25.9 21.4-29.9 26.5 23.0-29'-1 Trunk length 17.1-20.0 15."1-18.4 14.6-20.6 15.0-20.3 18.1-21.9 Abdominal length 20.8-25.9 21.9-26.8 25.2-29.8 22.0-26.5 23.0-24.9 Cleithral width 26.7-29.7 26.6-33.2 27.3-29.7 27.9-33.7 29.7 28.2-31.7 Body depth at dorsal origin 17.2-23.8 16.4-22.5 13.7-20.1 15.9-22.3 17.3 17.3-21.0 Body width at dorsal origin 18.9-22.8 19.3-26.4 16.6-23.6 21.6-28.5 22.4 23.2-26.0 Body width at anal origin 12.4-14.3 11.2-15.9 10.9-14.0 12.4-16.9 15.2 16.6-18.8 Caudal peduncle length 33.6-38.3 33.6-38.2 32.8-36.2 31.3-37.9 33.5 34.6-37.2 Caudal peduncle depth 7.5- 9.0 9.1-11.3 9.0-11.0 7.8-10.3 9.0 10.0-11.5 Caudal peduncle width 4.7- 5.5 4.1- 6.4 3.7- 5.4 4.2- 5.8 5.8 5.2- 6.7 Percents of head length Snout length 61.3-68.1 52.8-65.7 58.2-65.3 55.5-69.9 57.7 56.6-60.6 Horizontal eye diameter 12.0-14.7 12.0-18.7 10.0-15.3 11.7-17.3 13.0 15.8-18.8 Least interorbital width 'l2.9-27.7 27.4-33.6 25.0-31.3 27.6-37.2 34.7 32.1-39.0 Head depth 48.2-67.8 46.8-57.5 45.9-53.4 43.1-58.0 50.5 48.0-57.9 Meristics Mandibular ramus 17.6-25.6 20.1-26.9 20.2-25.4 15.9-24.8 18.9-22.9 Lateral plates 27-30 27-31 26-29 26-29 27 24-26 Premaxillary teeth 39-76 45-81 42-97 30-60 41 34-54 Dentary teeth 36-73 49-84 60-89 30-62 44 36-51 Plates lateral to dorsal fin 6-7 5- 7 5-6 5-8 8 5-7 Plates between dorsal/adipose 9-10 5-11 7- 9 5-8 7 7- 9 Plates between adipose/caudal 3-5 3-6 3-4 3-5 5 2- 4 Plates lateral to anal fin 4-5 3-3 3-4 3-5 4 2- 3 Plates between anal I caudal 11-13 11-t4 9-11 10-14 13 10-12

Pereira &- Reis: Revision of Hcmipsilicllthys and /sl1r1/£"Ckcrichthys 103

D Hemipsilichthys gobio o Hemipsilichthys papillatus • Hemipsilichthys garbei • lsbrueckerichthys duseni ... Isbrueckerichthys alipionis

Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of Hemipsilichtl1ys gabia, 1-/. papilla/lis, H. garbei, lsbmeckericllthys liuscni, and f. alipiollis in southeastem coastal Brazil. One symbol may represent more than one lot or locality. hypertrophied odontodes; nuptial males with few, one spine and 5 branched rays, not or just reach­ thick, and strong hypertrophied odontodes. ing to insertion ofanal fin when adpressed. Fleshy Cheek odontodes usually turned slightly posteri­ flap on dorsal surface of pelvic-fin spine absent. orly and sometimes concealed by thick fleshy Anal fin with one unbranched and 5 branched lobes. Lips well developed, occupying most of rays; much longer in adult females than in males. ventral surface of head. Upper lip with fOUf or Caudal fin slightly concave, lower lobe slightly five transverse, elongate skin folds. Lower wide, longer than upper, 14 branched rays. reaching scapular bridge. Lower lip mostly cov­ ered with minute papillae, smaller posteriorly. Color in alcohol. Ground color of dorsal surface Maxillary barbel short and free. Teeth slender of head and body light brown; pale yellow ven­ and bicuspid, both cusps approximately equal in trally. Dorsum and flanks covered with dark size. Distinct skin fold present anterior to pre­ brown, vermiculate blotches irregularly arranged maxillary teeth and posterior to dentary teeth. and sized. Blotches less conspicuous on head and Dorsal fin originating slightly anteriorly to snout. Spines of dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins vertical line passing through pelvic-fin origin; light brown with dark spots. Dorsal, pectoral, nuchal plate and dorsal-fin spinelet present but and pelvic fins with 3-5 indistinct dark spots locking mechanism absent. Dorsal-fin spinesome­ along rays, arranged in inconspicuous lines. Anal what flexible, followed by 7 branched rays. Adi­ fin with few diffuse spots. Caudal fin pale yel­ pose fin present, preceded by 5-6 median, azygous lowish with 3-5 transverse series of distinct dark pre-adipose plates, forming tall ridge between spots. Ventral surface of head and body mostly dorsal and adipose fins. Ppectoral fin moderate unpigmented, except for few light brown, scat­ in size; with curved and flattened spine, and 6 tered blotches on caudal peduncle and upper lip. branched rays; spine of mature males covered with hypertrophied odontodes on anterodorsal Distribution. HClllipsilicltfhys gabia is known from margin. Posterior margin of pectoral fin straigth various localities in the rio Parafba do Sui basin, to slightly roud, reaching mid-length of pelvic fin in the states of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and when adpressed. Pelvic fin moderate in size with Minas Gerais, Brazil (Fig. 2).

Ichthyol. Explor. Frcshw

Comments. This species was originally described distinguished from H. hystrix by absence of a based on the holotype only, whose collecting lo­ skin flap on dorsal margin of the pectoral-fin cality was unknown. All specimens collected since spine (vs. presence). Additionally, nuptial males and referrable to H. gabia are from the rio Parafba of H. call11DJli have the pectoral-fin spines thick, do Sui drainage basin, and thus we suppose that straight, and richly ornamented with short hyper­ the type-locality is located in that river basin. trophied odontodes. A comparison between H. gabia and the type material of Upsi/odlls victori, revealed no differ­ Description. Standard length of examined spec­ ences between these species, and we regard the imens 39.7-925 mm. Counts and proportional later as a junior synonym of H. gabia. measurements presented in Table 1. Body nar­ row and moderately depressed, progressively narrowing from cleithrum to end of caudal pe­ Hemipsilic1ltllys calmolli (Steindachner) duncle. Dorsal profile of body smoothly convex, (Fig. 3) elevating from snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descending to last plate of caudal pe­ Psilichthys camerolli Steindachner, 1907a: 82 (ge­ duncle. Trunk and caudal peduncle mostly ovoid neric name a lapstls for Hcmipsilichthys; type­ in cross-section, slightly flattened ventrally and locality: aus dem Flusse Cubatao im Staate S. more compressed caudally. Greatest body depth Catharina, Brasilien [rio Cubatao S, near at dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen and ventral sur­ AgUClS Mamas]) face of head completely naked. HClIlipsilichthys cnllJlolli: Steindachner, ] 908: 31 Head moderately broad and depressed. Snout (correction of H. caJllerolli; see comments) convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, Examined material. Brazil: Santa Catarina: Rio Cu­ median ridge more prominent. Eye moderately batao S system: ZSM 4837, lectotype (present designa­ small (12.0-18.7 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris tion), 104.5 mm SL; NMW 46414, 1 para lectotype, with small dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of 96.1 mm SL; NMW 46438, 3 paralectotype, 66.7-70.'1 mill head covered by minute hypertrophied odon­ SL; NMW 46442, 3 paralectotypes, 55.6-65.5 mm SL; NMW 46443, 1 paralectotye, 68.5 mm SL, dissected; todes; nuptial males with soft fleshy lobes and Theresopolis. - MCr "17276, 16 (16), 46.0-92.5 mm SL; large hypertrophied odontodes inserted at right rio Teresopolis, tributary of rio Cubatao at Aguas Mor­ angle with the longitudinal axis of body. Lips nas. - MCP 17277, 1, 56.4 mm SL; rio Cubatao near developed, occupying most of ventral surface of Aguas Mamas. - MCr 17522, 7, 28.0-62.1 mm SL; rio head; lower lip barely reaching pectoral girdle. dos Cedros at junction with rio Miguel. Lips covered by many, minute papillae. Maxil­ Rio Tubarao system: MCr 11542, 41 (3), 20.7­ lary barbel short, coalesced with lower lip. Teeth 62.3 mm SL; rio Povoamento, tributary of rio Brai;o do small and bicuspid, inner cusp slender, slightly Norte, on the road from Santa Rosa de Lima to Anitap­ olis. - MCP 19575, 4 (3), 29.1-61.5 mm SL; rio Povoa­ curved imvards; outer cusp minute, not reaching menta on the road from Anitapolis to Santa Rosa de half length of inner cusp. Lima, about 3 km south of Anitapolis. - MCr 19576, 4 Dorsal fin originating slightly posterior to (3),25.3-78.9 mill SL; upper rio Brai;o do Norte between vertical passing through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal Aguas Mamas and Anitapolis, about 22 km north of plate present, but dorsal-fin spinelet and locking Anih'ipolis.- MCP17618, 34(11), 37.7-88.2 mm SL; creek mechanism absent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately tributary of rio Pinheiros at Anitcipolis. ANSr 173796, 3 lIexible, followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose Bra~o (3),50.5-65.3 mm SL; upper rio do Norte between fin present, preceded by 2-4 (usually 2-3) medi­ Aguas Mamas and Anitcipolis, about 22 km north of Anit.'ipolis. ANsr 173797, 4, 27.5-44.7 mm SL; rio Pov­ an, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral fin mod­ oamento, on the road from Anih'ipoJis to Santa Rosa de erate in size; with long, straight spine, covered Lima, about 3 km south of Anitapolis. completely with hypertrophied odontodes; 6 Rio Ararangua system: MCr19212, 3, 42.6-44.2 mm branched rays. First branched ray slightly longer SL; rio Mae Luzia at Forquilha, Trcviso. than spine, second distinctly smaller than spine and subsequent rays reduced gradually in size, Diagnosis. HClJlipsilichthys calII/O/Ii is distinguished last ray half length of first one. Pectoral fin pass­ from all other Helllipsilichthys species, except ing mid-length of pelvic fin when adpressed. H. hystrix, by having the pectoral fin overlapping Pelvic fin moderate in size, with one spine and 5 half the length of pelvic fin when adpressed. It is branched rays, reaching anal fin when adpressed.

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Helllipsilichihys and lsbrul:ckaicl1tl1y.• 105

Fig. 3. Hcmipsilicht1lys calmolli, Mer 17276, 88.8 mm SL, male; Brazil: Santa Catarina: rio Terestipolis.

Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by odontodes Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and ventrally and laterally; fleshy flaps along dorsal head grayish or dark·brO\vn, pale yellow ven­ surface, exteding to tip of ray. Anal fin with one trally. Dorsum and flanks covered by dark brown unbranched ray and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin blotches irregularly arranged. Usually these slightly concave; lower lobe slightly longer than blotches forming 4 diffuse saddles at origin of upper, 14 branched rays. dorsal fin, on posterior portion of dorsal-fin base,

1chthyol. Explor. Freshwater!;, Vol. 13. No.2 106

species of Psiliehthys, Ps. enJncrolli from the rio Cubatao, Santa Catarina State. The generic name Psiliehtllys was preoccupied by the fossil fish Psil~ ichthys Hall, 1900, but represented a lapsus for HCl11ipsiliehtllys. The diagnosis for the new species, however, was valid. It was based on the propor­ tional size and shape of the pectoral-fin spine, which was long and straight. One month later, Steindachner (1907b) published a detailed descrip­ tion of Hcmipsi/ichthys er1merolli, including two plates with seven figures illustrating three speci­ mens, and stating that the name was in honour to Dr. Miguel CaIman du Pin e Almeida. In the next year, Steindachner (1908) proposed a correction for the name H. C«11Icrolli as H. ealmolli, since this species was meant to be in honour to Dr. Miguel Calmon. Under a very strict application of the Code the name H. cnJncrolli should be retained, because there is no evidence in the Steindadmer's 1907a paper that H. call1erolli was an error. How­ ever, the best course ofaction is to treat H. calilcrolli as an incorrect original spelling, since the 1907a publication is an abstract which refers to the full paper that appeared one month later (Steindach­ ncr, 1907b) where the indication that H. cr1Inerolli was an incorrect spelling can be found. In addi­ tion Steindachner corrected the name himself the • Hemipsilichthys calmoni following year (Steindachner, 1908), and the spell­ • Hemipsilichthys splendens ing H. calli/alii is herein adopted as correct. Fig. 4. Geographic distribution of HClIlipsilichthys ea/­ A few years later, Steindachner (1911) rede­ mOil; and H. spiel/delis in southern coastal Brazil. One scribed H. calli/alii based on additional specimens symbol may represent more than one lot or locality. collected in the rio Itapocu, Santa Catarina State. In this article a table and a high quality figure of a mature male were presented. These additional between end of dorsal and adipose fins, and be­ specimens from the rio Itapocu, however, repre­ tween adipose and caudal fins. Spines of dorsal, sent a species distinct from that described in 1907 pectoral, and pelvic fins with 4-6 wide dark and were named H. steilldaclmeri by Miranda stripes; branched rays with small, dark·brown Ribeiro (1918), blotches along entire length, forming 4-5 narrow Of the three specimens originally illustrated bands; caudal fin with 4 narrow bands. Fin mem­ by Steindachner (1907b), one male and one dis­ branes hyaline. Ventral surface unpigmented be­ sected female were recognized when examining tween anal-fin origin and head. Ventral margin the syntypes. The smaller male illustrated was of head, upper lip, and ventral portion of caudal not recognized among the existing syntypes. The peduncle pale brownish. dissected female is in the Naturhistorisches Mu­ seum, Wien (NMW 46443) and the larger illus­ Distribution. Helllipsilichthys call1lolli occurs in trated male was subsequently donated by the the drainages of the rio Cubatiio S, rio Tubarao, Wien Museum to the Zoologische Staatssamm­ and rio Ararangua, all coastal streams of Santa lung, Mlinchen. We herein designate the speci­ Catarina State (Fig. 4). men in 2SM 4837 as the lectotype of H. calmolli. Comments. On 28 February 1907 Steindachner (1907a) presented an abstract in the "Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissensdlaften zu Wien" on a new

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Ht'lI1ipsilichlhys and Is/lrut'ckaiclltilys 107

HemipsilichtllyS garbei Ihering head covered by minute hypertrophied odon­ (Fig. 5) todes; nuptial males with soft fleshy lobes and long hypertrophied odontodes inserted at right Helllipsilichthys garbei Ihering. 1911: 399-402 (in angle with the longitudinal axis of body. Lips Portuguese), 402-404 (in German) (type-lo­ developed, occupying most of ventral surface of cality: curso superior, montanha adma, do head; lower lip not reaching pectoral girdle. Lower Rio Macahe, no Est. do Rio de Janeiro lupper lip mostly covered by many, minute papillae; reaches of rio Macae, Rio de Janeiro, Brazill) posterior edge sligthly fringed. Maxillary barbel short and free, not coalesced with lower lip. Teeth Examined material. Brazil: RiodeJaneiro: MZUSPll63, small and simple, slender and curved inwards, lectotype, 105.4 mm SL; MZUSP 47060, 1 paralecto­ without minute cusp. type, 107.2 mm SL; rio Macae.-MZUSP2107, 1, 63.0 mm Dorsal fin originating posteriorly to vertical SL; rio ltaborai, Santana. - MZUSP 2108, 16 (6), 83.0­ passing through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate 110.1 mm SL; rio Bengala, Nova Friburgo. - MZUSP and dorsal-fin spinelet present but locking mech­ 46967, 4 (2), 56.3-91.2 mm SL; ribeirao s.... nto Antonio, tributary of rio Bonito, itself a tributary of rio Macae, anism absent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately flexi­ Nova Friburgo. - MNRj945, 6 (5), 80.2-110.1 mm SL; rio ble, followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin Bengala, Nova Friburgo. - MNRJ 12839, 4 (1), 30.1­ present, preceded by 3-6 median, azygous prc­ 83.3 mm SL; rio Soberbo, donwstream from highway adipose plates. Pectoral fin moderate in size; with BR1I6, Teres6polis. - MCP26524, 10, 54.4-101.0 mm SL; 1 curved spine covered by short odontodes in rio Aleixo, a tributary of rio Macacu, Itaborai. females. uptial males with very long, hypertro­ phied odontodes on pectoral spine, sometimes Diagnosis. Helllipsilichthys garbei is distinguished longer than those on head margin. Posterior mar­ from all other species of the genus by having gin of pectoral fin rounded, reaching to insertion simple, unicuspid teeth in both dentary and pre­ of pelvic-fin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin moder­ maxilla. It is also distinguished from most spe­ ate in size, with 1 spine and 5 branched rays, cies, except H. stephmllls and H. cerosus, by hav­ reaching to insertion of anal fin when adpressed. ing the maxilary barbel long and not coalescing Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by large odon­ with the lower lip. It is further distinguished todes ventrally and laterally; well developed skin from H. stepha/ills by having 3-6 azygous pre­ flaps along dorsal face, extending to tip of spine. adipose plates (vs. 0-1). Additionally, nuptial Anal fin with 1 unbranched and 5 branched rays. males of H. garbei have the pectoral-fin spines Caudal fin slightly concave; lower lobe slightly thickened and richly ornamente with long hyper­ longer than upper, 14 branched rays. trophied odontodes. Color in alcohol. Ground color of upper surface Description. Standard length of examined spec­ of head and body brown; pale yellow or whitish imens 56.3-112.0 mm. Counts and proportional ventrally. Dorsal surface of body and head cov­ measurements presented in Table 1. Body de­ ered by dark blotches; smaller on head, larger pressed and progressively narrowing from clei­ and more conspicuous on caudal peduncle. Dor­ thrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal profile sum and flanks of small specimens with 4 incon­ of body smoothly convex. Elevating from snout spiCUOUS transverse dark saddles: on origin of tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descending to dorsal fin, behind dorsal-fin base, on adipose fin, last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and caudal and between adipose and caudal fins. Saddles peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, slightly disappear in larger specimens. Interradial mem­ flattened ventrally and more compressed caudal­ branes of fins hyaline. Dorsal surface of pectoral ly. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Ab­ and pelvic fins with 3-4 inconspicuous, trans­ domen and ventral surface of head completely verse dark stripes. Dorsal fin with 2-3 transverse naked. dark stripes. Caudal fin with 4-5 transverse dark Head moderately broad and depressed. Snout stripes; first one darker. Ventral margin of head convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly and external surface of upper lip evenly light elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, brown. median ridge more prominent. Eye moderately small (10.0-15.3 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris Distribution. Hemipsilichthys garbei occurs in the with small dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of rivers of the southern versant of the SCrra dos

IchthyoL Explor. FrL'$hwnl("fS, Vol. 13, No.2 108

Fig. 5. HClllipsilichtl1ys gnrbci, Mer 26524, 100.1 mm SL, male; Brazil: Rio de Janeiro: rio Aleixo.

6rgaos in Rio de Janeiro State, rio Macae and rio slrated that two lots, MZUSP 2108 (16 specimens) Macacu, but see comments below (Fig. 2). and MNRJ 945 (6 specimens), catalogued as col­ lected in the rio Bengala, tributary of the rio Comments. The syntypes of Hemipsilichthys gar­ Parafba do SuI, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, /Jei were found in the collections of MZUSP by are probably mislabelled and all belong to the Oliveira (1997) and the specimen MZUSP 1163 original lot of the lectotype from the rio Macae. In was designated as the lectotype. Oliveira demon- addition, MZUSP 2107 (1 specimen) catalogued

Pereira & Reis: [{evision of HClllil':;i/icJrllrys and Is/Jrul'ckcriciltllys 109 as from "rio Itaborai, Santana, Rio de Janeiro", 15.0-117.4 mOl SL; rio Antinhas at Vila Rio Antinhas, on has an uncertain locality, as rio Itaborai is not road from PetroLindia to Ituporanga. - MCP 22325, 51, known in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The town of 14.8-107.2 mOl SL; rio Perimbo, ca.l km SW ofretrolfin­ dia on road SC427. - MCr 22326, 20, 53.3-89.2 mm SL; ltaboral, however, is in the lower rio Macacu rio Perimbo ca.5 km SSW of Petrolandia. - MCr 22327, drainage, and possibly represents the correct lo­ 5,47.8-69.7 mOl SL; rio dos Bugres ca. 20 km from Itu­ cality. poranga in the way to Alfredo Wagner.- MCP 16583, 48 (14),40.0-117.5 mm SL; creek on road from Tai6 to Passo Manso, Tai6. - MCP 16498, 97 (21), 28.5-94.2 mOl SL; Hemipsilichtlzys steiudaclmeri Miranda Ribeiro ribeirao do Emesto, tributary of rio Itajai-A~u, Bra~o do (Fig. 6) Trombudo. - MCP 16593, 8, 47.5-88.1 mOl SL; creek at Mude Baixa, tributary of rio Itajaf-A~u, lndaial. - MCP 16500,32,30.7-88.8 mOl SL; ribeirao 55.0 Luis, tributary He1llipsilichthys en/molli (not of Steindachner, of rio Itajaf-A~, Apiuna. - MCP 21555, 6, 82.7~ 103.9 mOl 1907a): Steindachner, 1911: 430-432 (type lo­ SL: MCr 21549, 1, 93.2 mm SL; MCr 21553, 17, 31.2­ cality: Flum.ltapucu (Santa Catharina); Stein­ 121.4 mOl SL; rio dos Cedros at Rio dos Cedros. dachner, 1911, mentioned "kommt in allen Rio Cubatao S drainage: MCr 16582, 60 (20), 30.8­ Gebirgswassern des Itapocu-Gebietes in Grob­ 123.9 mOl SL; rio Teres6polis, tributary of rio Cubatao, er Menge vor, so im Rio Novo, Rio Hum­ Aguas Momas. - MCP 11517, 4, 29.7·38.6 mOl SL; rio boldt, Rio Isabel, Rio Paulo und deren Neben­ Cubatao near Aguns Mamas. - MCr 11295, 20, 24.4­ bachen) 95.1 mm SL; rio do Cedro on road from Sao Bonifacio to Aguas Momas, Aguas Momas. HC1IIipsi/ichthys stcindachllcri Miranda Ribeiro, 1918: 107 (type locality: Flum. ItapocU (Santa Diagnosis. HClllipsi/icllthys steilldachJleri is distin­ Catharina)) guished by the combination of the following char­ Pseudnncistrus /lIcdcrwnldti Miranda Ribeiro, 1918: acters: preadipose azygous plates 1-2 (vs. 3~6 in 632 (type-locality: Hansa, Santa Catharina H. cerasus, H. gnrbei, H. mlltllca and H. nzygolc­ [Brazil]) chis); hyperthrophied odontodes in head mar­ Examined material. Brazil: Santa Catarina: Rio Cuba­ gins longer than mandibular ramus and shorter tao N drainage: Mcr 10615, 84 (27) 23.2-116.2 mOl SL; than snout length in fuUy mahlre males (vs. short­ rio Seeo, tributary of rio Cubatao, km 10 from lTh:,d SC28O, er than mandibular ramus in H. eurycephnllls, ]oinville. - MCP 10710, 4, 40.6-73.6 mOl SL; rio Tromm, H. splel/dms, and H. hystrix, longer than snout tributary of rio do Prata, ]oinville. - Mcr 11560, 8, 35.2­ length in the holotypeof H. regnlli); c1eithral width 46.9 mm SL; rio Cubatao, near road BR101, ]oinville. 27.9-33.7 % SL (vs. 34.6-40.9 % SL in H. hypselllrlls, Rio Itapocu drainage: NMW 92790, lectotype of H. stOll/ins, and H. stepha/illS); adipose fin present H.steilldacJllleri (present designation), 133.5 mOl SL; (vs. absent in H. pectoral~fin spine NMW 46468, 6 probable syntypes of H. steil1dacJllleri, vestigipi/'lnis); 96.5-124.1 mOl SL; rio Paulo. - MZUsr 2109, holotype curved and short, not passing half pelvic fin when of P. Illedenvaldti, 65.3 mOl SL; Hansa. - MCP 11619, 12 adpressed (vs. pectoral-fin spinestraightand long, (2), 31.3-91.7 mOl SL; creek tributary of rio Itapocu, passing half length of pelvic fin when adpressed Corupa. - MCr 11093, 9 (2), 31.4-51.6 mOl SL; creek in H. ca/II/olli); and head length 30.2-36.4 % SL (vs. tributary of rio Itapocu, between Corupa and ]aragua 29.3 % SL in the holotype of H. regnlli). do Sui, Corupa. - MCr 11296, 12 (3), 45.2-96.4 mOl SL; MCP 11562, 16, 33.9-39.8 mOl SL; rio Itapocu near Description. Standard length of examined spec­ Corupa. - ZMUC uncat., 1, 142.9 mOl SL; rio Isabel. ­ ZMUCuncat., 1, 137.1 mmSL;ZMUCuncat., 1, 130.2 mOl imens 47.4-124.2 mm. Counts and proportional SL; rio Humboldt. measurements presented in Table 1. Body mod­ Rio ltajal-A~ drainage: MCr 10606, 25 (4), 31.7­ erately depressed and progressively narrowing 84.3 mm SL; creek tributary of rio Itajai-A~ near Ibira­ from c1eithrum to end ofcaudal peduncle. Dorsal ma on road bewtween Blumenau and Rio do SuI. ­ profile of body slightly convex, elevating from MCP 11518, 4 (2), 43.1-67.8 mm SL; creek between Itu~ snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descend­ poranga and Alfredo Wagner, ltuporanga. - MCP 11555, ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and 53 (10), 35.9-79.3 mOl SL; creek tributary of rio Itajai do caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, Sui, on road from Aurora to ltuporanga, Aurora. - MCP 16535, 30 (10), 39.9-104.7 mm SL; ribeirao Sao Luis, slightly flattened ventrally and more compressed tributary of rio Itajaf-A~u, Apiuna. ~ MCP 16558, 3, caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ 71.4-87.4 mOl SL; rio dos Bugreson road from Ituporan­ gin. Abdomen and ventral surface of head com­ ga to Alfredo Wagner, Ituporanga. - MCP 22324, 24, pletely naked.

1chthyol. Explor. Frcshwatcrs, Vol. 13, No.2 110

Fig_ 6. Hemipsi/ic1rtll.J{s ste;IIdaclllleri, Mer 16582.123.9 mm SL, male; Brazil: Santa Catarina: rio Teres6polis.

Head moderately depressed. Snout convex and flap covering pupil. Margin of head covered by rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated ridges minute hypertrophied odontodes; nuptial males between orbits and snout tip, median ridge more with large soft fleshy lobes and long hypertro­ prominent. Eye moderately small (11.7-17.3 % phied odontodes inserted at right angle with lon­ HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris with small dorsal gitudinal axis of body. Lips developed, occupy-

Pereira &: Reis: Revision of HI'lI/ipsi/ichth.lfS and /sllflll'ckl'richthys 111 ing most of ventral surface of head; lower lip not reaching pectoral girdle. Lower lip mostly cov­ ered by minute papillae, but leaving smooth band before the edge. Maxillary barbel short, coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small and bicuspid, inner cusp larger, slightly curved inwards and rOlll1d­ cd or straight; lateral cusp smaller and pointed, maximally reaching half length of inner cusp. Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spine­ let present, but the locking mechanism absent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 brand1ed rays. Adipose fin present preceded by 1-2 median, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral fin moderate in size; with spine curved and cov­ ered by short hypertrophied odontodes, and 6 branched rays. Posterior margin of pectoral fin rounded, reaching to insertion of pelvic-fin when ad pressed. Pelvic-fin moderate in size, with 1 spine and 5 branched rays, not reaching to inser­ tion of anal fin when ad pressed. Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by large odontodes ventrally and laterally; well developed skin flap on dorsal surface, extending to tip ofspine.ln nuptial males pectoral fin overlap approximately half length of pelvic-fin, itself reaching insertion ofanal fin when ad pressed. Anal fin with 1 unbranched and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin slightly concave; lower lobe slightly longer than upper, 14 brand1ed rays. • Hemipsilichthys steindachneri Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and • Hemipsilichthys $lamias head grayish or dark-brown, pale yellow ven­ ... Hemipsilichthys azygolechis trally. Dorsum and flanks covered by irregularly Fig. 7. Geographic distribution of Hemipsi/iclltilys steill­ scattered dark brown blotches. Blotches usually daclllleri, H. stomias and H. azygolechis in southern coast­ arranged in 4 diffuse saddles at origin of dorsal al Brazil. Open symbols represent type-localities. One fin, on posterior portion of dorsal-fin base, be­ symbol may represent more than one lot or locality. tween end of dorsal and adipose fins, and be­ tween adipose and caudal fins. Spines of dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins with 3-6 wide dark stripe; Comments. Four years after describing Hemi­ branched rays with small, dark-brown blotches psilichthys call1/olli in 1907, Steindachner (1911) along entire length, forming 3-5 narrow bands; redescribed his species based on additional spec­ caudal fin with 3-4 narrow bands. Fin membranes imens collected in the rio Itapocll, Santa Catarina hyaline. Ventral surface unpigmented between State. These additional specimens from the rio anal-fin origin and head. Ventral margin of head, Itapocu, however, represent a species distinct from upper lip, and ventral portion of caudal pedun­ that described in 1907 and were named H. steill­ cle pale brownish. dachlleri by Miranda Ribeiro (1918). Steindachner (1911) gave a table and an excellent figure of a Distribution. Hemipsilichthys steilidaclilieri occurs mature male, but no other particular specimens in the rio Cubatao N, rio Itapocu, rio Itajaf-Ac;u, were cited, although Steindachner mentioned that and rio Cubatao S, in Santa Catarina State, Brazil he had specimens from several tributaries of the (Fig. 7). rio Itapocu, including the rio Novo, rio Paulo, rio Humboldt, and rio Isabel. That figure, whid1 allowed Miranda Ribeiro to realize that those

Ichthyo1. Explor. Frcshw

Fig. 8. Hcmipsilicl1tllys regal/i, holotype, IRSNB 47,113.0 mm SL, male; Brazil: Amazonas: rio Curicurinri (photo by Georges Lenglet). additional specimens were distinct from the ones Hemipsilichthys regaiEi Giltay described in 1907, also allowed us to find that very (Fig. 8) specimen as beingMW 92790, and we herein designate it as the lectotype. The synonymiza­ Helllips;/ichthys regall; Giltay, 1936: 6, figs.1-2 (type­ tion of Hemipsilichthys steilldac1l11eri with H. cal­ locality: rio Curi Curiay fcurrently Curicuri­ lI1o"i by Pereira & Reis (1992) was erroneous. ariJ au S. du Rio egro, Amazone, Bresil)

Pereira & Rcis: Revision of Hl'/IIipsiliclltllYs and lslwlIl'ckl'ricllt11YS 113

• Hemipsilichthys Slephanus • Hemi~ilich{hys mutuca ... Hemipsilichthys regani T Hemipsilichthys bahianus

rio . inbooha

Fig. 9. Ceogmphic distribution of Hemipsilicht/l.ljS sfepllmllls, H. 1IlIIllIen, H. rcgfllli, and H. Imitimllls in northern South America.

Examined material. IRSNB 3282, 3, 116.8-121. J mm SL; HemipsiliclJtlJys balJianlls (Gosline) Brazil: Amazonas: rio }au, south of rio Negro. (Fig. 10)

Diagnosis (based on holotype only). The size of Corymbophallcs lmhiall11S Gosline, 1947: 107-108, the hypertrophied odontodes on the lateral mar­ pI. 3 figs. 5-6 (type-locality: Fazenda Almada, gin of head in nuptial males distinguishes H. rep llheus, Bahia IBrazil]) galIi from all other species in the genus (odon­ todes longer than snout vs. odontodes shorter Examined material. Brazil: Bahia: MNRJ 4243, ho10­ than snout in remaining species). type, 76.3 mOl SL; MNRJ 4244,1 pariltypc, 73.6 mOl SL; Fazcnda Almada, lIheus. - MCP 18036, 9 (S), 56.6­ Distribution. HClIlipsilicltthys regalli occurs in rio 73.9 mOl SL; rio Branco (tributary of rio Una) on road Curicuriari and possibly in rio Jati, tributaries of from highway BR101 to Una, approx. 3 km from BR101, rio Negro, in the Amazon basin (Fig. 9). Arataca. - MCP 18046, 16 (3), 53.0-67.6 mm SL; rio Branco (tributary of rio Una) on highway BRlOl, near sao Jooo da Capelinha. CamaQi. - MCr 18050, 15 (4), Comments. We do not present a description of 53.7·71.7 mm SL; creek tributary to rio Almada at Duas this species because the holotype is the only spec­ Barras, on road from Coaraci to Almadina, Coaraci. imen known, and we were unable to examine it. Data we have on the holotype were obtained Diagnosis. Hcmipsilicllfhys bahialllfs is distin­ from photographs and measurements sent by Dr. guished from all other HClllipsi/iclIthys species Georges Lenglet (IRSNB), and are presented in (except H. IIl/du/us, H. steil/dac/meri, H. regalli, Table 1. In that collection there is a second lot of H.ltypselul'a, and H. stolliias) by the larger body specimens from the Amazon basin (I RSNB 3282), width at anal-fin origin (16.6-18.8 % SL vs. 10.9­ identified by Giltay (1936) as H. cameroll;, from 16.2). From H. regOlIi, H. l/Udlf/llS, and H. stolllias it the rio Jati, south of rio egro. These specimens is distinguished by the smaller head length (30.7­ show some minor differences with the holotype 33.0 % SL vs. 33.2-38.5); from H. ilypselllrn by of H. regm,i and do not possess the large hyper­ having 5 branched anal-fin rays (V5. 4); and from throphied odontodes on the margin of head, H. steilldac/mcri by the maxillary barbel free, not which distinguish H. regall; from all other spe­ coalesced with lo\'ver lip (vs. maxillary barbel cies. For this rcason, we identify the specimens in coalesced with lower lip). IRSBN 3282 only tentatively as H. regal/i. Description. Standard length of examined spec­ imens 53.0-73.9 mm. Counts and proportional

Ichthyol. Explor. Frcshwalcrs, Vol. 13, No.2 114

Fig. 10. l-/clllipsilicllfllYS baltialllls, Mer 18050, 71.7 mm SL, male; Brazil: Bahia: rio Almada. measurements presented in Table 1. Body mod­ and ventral surface of head completely naked. erately depressed and progressively narrowing Head moderately broad and depressed. An­ from cleithrulll to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal terior profile of head slightly triangular to round­ profile of body slightly convex, elevating from ish in dorsal view; broadly rounded in mature snout tip to origin ofdorsal fin and then descend­ males. No or very slightly elevated ridges be­ ing to last plate ofcaudal peduncle. Trunk mostly tween orbits and snout tip. Dorsal region of head ovoid in cross-section; caudal peduncle flattened between orbits concave; upper margin of orbit ventrally and more compressed caudally. Great­ slightly elevated. Eye moderately small (15.8­ est body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen 8.8 % HL) dorsolatcrally placed. Iris with small

Pereira & Reis: l~c\'ision of Ht'mipsiliclltlIY~ and lslml.xkericlllhys 115

dorsal flap covering pupil. Margins of head cov­ Comments. HClIIipsi/icllthys bnhi01ll/S was origi­ ered with minute odontodes; slightly hypcrthro­ nally described in the genus Conjlllbop/mllcs by phied in mature males. Lips moderately devel­ Gosline (1947). Armbruster et al. (2000) trans­ oped, occupying most of ventral surface of head; ferred it to Hell1ipsi/icllthys. lower lip not reaching scapular bridge; covered with minute papillae. Maxillary barbel short, free and not coalesced \Nith lower lip. Teeth small and l-Iemipsiliclltltys cerasus Miranda Ribeiro bicuspid, inner cusp slightly curved inwards. (Fig 11) Lateral cusp small, usually not reaching half length of inner cusp. Hemipsiliclltltys ceroSIlS A. Miranda Ribeiro, in P. Dors.;,l fin originating slightly anteriorly to Miranda Ribeiro, 1951: 39 (type-locality un­ vertical line passing through pelvic-fin origin; known; no indication of type specimens) nuchal plate and very reduced dorsal-fin spinelet present, but locking mechanism absent. Dorsal-fin Examined material. MNRJ &t8. lectotype (present des­ spine somewhat flexible, follo,...'ed by 7 branched ignation), 110.1 mOl SL; MNRJ 22213, I parnlcctotypc, rays. Adipose fin present, preceded by 2-4 medi­ 81.7 mOl SL; locality unknown. an, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral fin mod­ erate in size; with straight spine, covered with Diagnosis. HClIIipsilicllthys ceroSl/S is distinguished short and delicate hypertrophied odontodes, and from fill other species of the genus by having 6 branched rays, the first as long as spine. Subse­ smaller head length (27.6-27.8 % SL vs. 29.3-40.9). quent branched rays reduced gradually in size. Additionally, tccth of H. cerosus are small and Posterior margin of pectoral fin straight; overlap­ bicuspid, but the lateral cusp is minute and diffi­ ping pelvic-fin origin when adpressed. Pelvic fin cult to see, not reaching half length of inner cusp moderate in size with one spine and 5 branched (vs. both cusps well visible). rays, reaching to anal-fin origin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered with large Description. This description is based on the odontodes ventrally and laterally. Males with well lectotype and the paralectotype. These specimens developed skin flap on dorsal surface, extending arc in a poor state of preservation which prevents to tip of spine. Anal fin with one unbranched and an accurate description. Portions of this descrip­ 5 branched rays. Caudal fin slightly concave, tion between square brackets are translated from lower lobeslightly longer than upper, 14 branched the original description in Portuguese. rays. Standard length of examined specimens 81.7­ 110.1 mm. Countsand proportional measurements Color in alcohol. Ground color of upper surface presented in Table 2. Body moderately depressed. of head and body brownish; pale yellow ventral­ Progressively narrowing from c1eithrum to end ly. Dorsum and flanks covered with small, dark ofcaudal peduncle. Dorsal profile ofbody smooth­ brown spots, smaller and marc concentrated on ly convex, elevating from snout tip to origin of head. Dorsal spots sometimes arranged to form dorsal fin and then descending to last plate of four inconspicuous saddles: on origin of dorsal caudal peduncle. Cleithrum with short hypertro­ fin, behind dorsal-fin base, on adipose fin, and phied odontodes. Trunk and caudal peduncle between adipose and caudal fins. Interrndial mostly ovoid in cross-section, slightly flattened membrane of fins hyaline, fin-rays with three or ventrally and more compressed caudally. Great­ four blotches, forming sil1llOus transverse stripes. est body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Abdomen Ventral surface mostly unpigmented. Ventral and ventral surface of head completely naked. margin of head and external surface of upper lip Head moderately depressed. Snout convex homogencously light brownish. Posteroventral and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated portion of caudal peduncle dusky. ridges between orbits and snout tip, median ridge slightly more prominent. Eye moderately small Distribution. HC11Iipsi/icllthys /mhimllfs occurs in (12.2 and 12.8 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Mar­ small coastal drainages near IIheus, betwccn the gin of head covered by minute hypertrophied basins of rio Pardo and rio Contas, in southern odontodes. Slender soft fleshy lobes with short Bahia (Fig. 9). and delicate hypertrophied odontodes. Lips de­ veloped, occupying most of ventral surface of

Ichthyol. E>.plt)r. Fn'Shwatcrs, Vol. 13. No.2 116 head; lower lip not reaching pectoral girdle. Lower azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral fin moder­ lip mostly covered by minute papillae; posterior ate in size; with 1 curved spine and covered by edge sligthly fringed. Maxillary barbel short, not short odontodes, and 6 branched rays. Posterior coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small and biclIs­ margin of pectoral fin rounded, reaching inser­ pid, inner cusp long, slightly curved inwards tion of pelvic-fin when adpressed. [pectoral fin and rounded; lateral cusp minute and pointed, reaching pelvic-fin axilla; its length equal to snout never reaching half length of inner cusp. plus orbital diameter; pectoral spine shorter than Dorsal fin originating on vertical line through rays and posterior margin rounded]. Pelvic-fin pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spinelet present, moderate in size, with 1 spine and 5 branched but locking mechanism absent. Dorsal-fin spine rays, not reaching insertion of anal fin when ad­ moderately flexible, followed by 7 branched rays. pressed. Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by Adipose fin present, preceded by 3-5 median, large odontodcs ventrally and laterally; well de-

Table 2. Descriptive morphometries and meristics of Ht'l1Iil'silicllfllys species. Values given as ranges for all measured specimens. L, lectotype; P, paralectotype.

H. fi'TOSIIS H. 1{'Sfigipilmis H. spJ('1/{U'llS H //Iulllen H. sflplwllJ/s H III/dll/IIS H. JX1Pillallls p L 0=<24 n=81 n=14 n=l n-30 n=15 St-6 8 Plates between dorsal/adipose 9 9 '>-8 6-9 7-9 8 Plat€S between adipose!caudal 5 5 '>-6 3-5 3-4 2 7-10 Plates lateral to anal fin 4 4 4-5 3-4 3-3 3 2-3 3-5 Plates between anal/caudal 11 12 10-13 9 -13 9-11 12 9-12 10-12

PereirJ & Reis: Revision of l/cmipsilichtil.'ls and l:-;brlll'ckl'richthys 117

Fig. 11. I-Iemil'si/icllthys cerasus, lectotype, MNRJ 648, 110.1 mm SL, Ill"le; locality unknown. veloped skin flap on dorsal surface, extending to Comments, HClllipsilichthys cerasus appeared first tip of spine. IPelvic-fin spine curved, wide, and as a name only in Miranda Ribeiro (1924) in a list flattened, almost reaching anal fin, which is con­ of species of the genus Hcmipsilichfhys. It was a tacted by pelvic-fin rays; posterior margin trun­ nomen nudum until 1951, when P. Miranda Ribei­ cated}. Anal fin with 1 unbranched and 5 branched ro (1951) published, with his father's authorship, rays. Caudal fin with 14 branched rays. the descrition of H. ceraslls. Again, however, nei­ ther locality nor type-specimens were indicated. Color in alcohol. Lectotype and paralectotype That description was presumably based on two completely faint. Original color description as syntypes, as P. Miranda Ribeiro (1953) designat­ follows 1.. grayish-brown, dorsal-fin base dark­ ed as lectotype one of the two specimens in lot ened, 4 dark saddles between head and tail; 2 MNRJ 648, that was only cited as '·Lect6tipo-A". longitudinal stripes on caudal pecunc1e, close to The lectotype and the paralectotype were never ventral side. Fin membranes hyaline and rays separated in two jars and no labels indicating spotted with dark. Ventral side pale]. which of the two specimen is the actual lectotype exist in the jar, making the lectotype designation Distribution. Type-locality and area of distribu­ invalid. Because the larger specimens in that lot tion of H. ceraSllS arc not known. (110.1 mm SL) is mature and more developed, lchthyol. Explor. Frcshwatcrs, Vol. 13, NO.2 118 showing characters not found in the smallerspec­ caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, imen (81.7 mm SL), we suppose that P. Miranda slightly flattened ventrally and more compressed Ribeiro would have chosen the larger as lecto­ caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ type, and we herein designate it as the lectotype. gin. Abdomen and ventral surface of head com­ As no additional specimens of H. ccroSl/S were pletely naked. found, the type-locality and area of distribution Head broad and moderately depressed. Snout remain unknown. convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, median ridge slightly more prominent. Eye mod­ HemipsiUclltllys vestigipillllis Pereira & Reis erately small (10.4-13.5 % HL), dorsolaterally (Fig. 12) placed. Iris with small dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of head covered by few delicate and HC1l1ipsi/ichthys vestigipillJlis Pereira & Reis, 1992: minute hypertrophied odontodes, usually entirely 111-116 (type-locality: creek tributary of rio hidden by big fleshy lobes. Entire margin of head Caveiras at Painel, on the road from Sao below eyes and anterior to nares broadly salient, Joaquim to Lages, approximately 27°55'5 fleshy, and rugose in adults. Lips developed, 500 05'W, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil) occupying most of ventral surface of head; lower lip not reaching pectoral girdle and mostly cov­ Examined material. Brazil: Santa Catarina: rio Uru­ ered by minute papillae; posterior edge sligthly gllt1i drainagc: MCr 14344, holotypc, 97.5 mm SL; Mcr fringed. Maxillary barbel short, coalesced with 14345,23 paratypes (23), 59.6~91.1 mm SL; MCP 14346, lower lip. Teeth small and bicuspid, inner cusp 53 + 2 c&s paratypes, 22.7-60.0 mm SL; MZUSP 41704, long, slightly curved inwards and rounded; lat­ 20 paratypes, 31.5-76.5 mm SL, USNM 314657, 20 part1­ eral cusp pointed, not reaching half length of types, 45.8-85.9 mm SL; creek tributary of rio Caveiras inner cusp. at PaineL on road from Sao ]ot1quim to Lt1ges. - Mcr Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing 22329,5,31.3-60.8 mm SL, MNR] 18317, 5, 30.5-47.1 mm SL; creek tributary to rio Cmoas W of the serra do through first pelvic-fin ray origin; nuchal plate Corvo Branco, Urllbici. - Mer 22328, 1, 82.9 mm SL; present but spinelet and locking mechanism ab­ MNRJ 18318, 2, 37.8-68.4 mm SL; rio Cannas ncar Cam­ sent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately flexible, fol­ po dos Padres, at thc entrance of t1 trout farm, Urubici. lowed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin absent, 2-3 small platelets present at position of adipose Diagnosis. The absence of an adipose fin distin­ fin. Pectoral fin moderate in size; with spine guishes H. vcstigipilIllis from all other HClllipsil­ curved and covered by short and delicate hyper­ ichthys species, except H. cl/ryccplmlils and H./Il1dll­ trophied odontodes. Posterior margin of pectoral 1115. From H. cllrycephnlus, which mayor may not fin overlapping half length of pelvic fin when have an adipose fin, it can be distinguished by adpressed. Pelvic fin moderate in size, with 1 the deithral width (27.3-31.7 % SL vs. 33.5-40.0). spine and 5 branched rays, reaching to insertion From H. IIl1dlllllS it can be distinguished by the of anal fin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin spine de­ presence of normally developed dermal plates pressed, covered by large odontodes ventrally on the dorsal surface of body (vs. dermal plates and laterally; well developed skin flap on dorsal extremely reduced). Additionally, nuptial males surface, extending to tip of spine. Anal fin with of H. vestigipiJlllis have few and delicate hyper­ one unbranched and five branched rays. Caudal throphied odontodes on the lateral margin of fin slightly concave; lower lobe slightly longer head, usually hidden by extensive soft fleshy than upper, 14 branched rays. lobes. Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface brown or gray­ Description. Standard length of examined spec­ ish brown, light brown or yellowish ventrally. imens 59.6-91.1 mm. Counts and proportional Dorsum covered by dark brown, roundish blotch­ measurements presented in Table 2. Body mod­ es irregularly arranged and variable in size, in­ erately depressed. Progressively narrowing from conspicuous on head. These blotches usually form c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal pro­ 4 inconspicuous saddle-like marks located at base file of body smoothly convex, elevating from of anterior dorsal-fin rays, behind dorsal-fin base, snout tip to origin ofdorsal fin and then descend­ and 2 betvveen end of depressed dorsal-fin rays ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and and caudal fin. Flank with irregular dark blotch-

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Ht'llIipsilicil/hys and Isbrucckaicllt11YS 119

Fig. 12. HClllipsificllfl1ys vcstigiIJilll1is, MCP 22328, 82.5 mm SL; male, Brazil: 5"nt<1 Catarina: rio Canoas. es. Fin membranes hyaline; pigment on fin rays caudal peduncle with scattered, irregularly shaped arranged in narrow bands of blotches. Pectoral­ areas of dark pigmentation. and pelvic-fin rays unpigmented ventrally. Ven­ tral surface of body unpigmented between anal Distribution. HClIlipsiliclithys vestigipilillis occurs papillae and head. Ventral margins of head, out­ in the headwaters of the rio Canoas and its tribu­ er surface of upper lip, and ventral portion of taries in the State of Santa Catarina (Fig. 13).

lchthyol. Explor. FreshwalefS, Vol. 13, No.2 120

• Hemipsilichthys hypselurus • Hemipsilichthys hystrix ..... Hemipsilichthys vestigipinnis

Fig. 13. Geographic distribution of Hcmipsilichthys hypselurIls, H. hystri:r, and H. vestigipillJlis in sOllthern Brazil. Open symbo~s represent type-localities.One symbol may represent more than one lot or locality.

HC111;psi/ic1ltJrys splclldclJS Bizerril rio Seco, tributary of rio Cubatao N on km 10 of road (Fig. 14) SC280, Joinville. Santa Catarina: rio Itajai-Ac;u drainage: MCP 26504, Hcmipsi/ichthys spIel/delis Bizerril, 1995: 115-122 4, 27.6-58.8 mm SL; creek tributary of rio ltajai do Sui, on road from Aurora to Ituporanga. - MCr 22330, 4, (type-locality: Brazil, State of Santa Catarina, 33.5-42.3 mm SL; rio Perimb6 ca.1 km SW of Petroli1n­ River CubaUio, near to the city of Joenville dia on road SC427. rrio Cubatao N]) Santa Catarina: rio Cubatao Sdrainage: MCr17523, 15 (9), 24.3-50.9 mm SL, 1 c&s; rio dos Cedros at mouth Examined material. Brazil: Parana: rio Nhundiaquara of rio Miguel, on road SC431 , Quec;aba.-MCP 18325, 19 drainage: Mer 12599, 8 (1), 23.3-63.7 mm SL; rio Nhutl­ (6), 20.9-49.3 mm SL, 1 c&s; rio Cubatao S on road dit1quara at Porto de Cima on road PR4n, Morretes.­ SC431 near Sao Bonifacio, Quec;aba. - MCP 10438, 60 Mer 14591, 1, 39.4 mm SL; rio Nhundiaquara, Morrctes. (24),23.5-54.6 mm SL, 2 c&s; rio do Cedro, on road from Parana: rio Sao Joao drainage: MCP 12187, 5 (1), Sao Bonifacio to Aguas Mamas, Aguas Moroas. - MCr 23.8-65.2 mm SL; rio Sao Joao on serra da Graciosa 19622,1 (1), 52.7 mm SL; rio Cubatao near Agllas Mor­ road, near Morretes.-MCr 13858, 1 (1),60.9 mm SL; rio nas. - MCP 16568, 1, 49.6 mm SL; rio Teres6polis at Sao Joao at Pedra Branca on road BR376 between Curit­ Aguas Moroas. - Mcr 21723, 1, 54.9 mm SL; creek iba and Joinville. - MCr 13710, I, 5004 mm SL; rio Sao tributary of rio Cubatao S on road BR282, Aguas Mor­

Joao on serra da Graciosa road near Morretes. nas. - MCr 21548,12,25.74 55.1 mm SL; rio dos Ccdros Rio Garuva drainage: MCP 19621, 18 (14), 38.3­ at Rio dos Cedros. 50.8 mm SL; creek tributary of rio GarU\'a, ca. 2,5 km SE of limit behveen Santa Catarina and Parana, Garuva, Diagnosis. The reduced size of the pelvic-fin Santa Catarina. -Mcr 14183, 2 (2), 59.0-61.1 mm SLi rio spine distinguishes Helllipsilichthys spfe1JdeJls from Garuva at bridge on highway BRI0l, ca. 2 km SE from all other species (pelvic-fin spine 33.7-52.4 % c1ei­ limit between Santa Catarina and Parana, Garuva, San­ thral width vs. 52.7-101.4). ta Catarina. - Mcr 20334, 183, 21.5-63.1 mm SL; Mcr 21662,10,33.2-55.2 mm SL; rio Araraquara, ca 8 km N of Garuva, Guarahlba, Parana. Description. Standard length of examined spec­ Santa Catarina, rio Cllbatao N drainage: MNRJ imens 37.6-65.2 mm. Counts and proportional 13326, 21 paratypes, 45.7-51."1 mm SL; rio Cllbatao N, measurements presented in Table 2. Body short near Joinville. - MCr 19604, 48 (22), 23.7-52.6 mm SL; and moderately depressed, progressively narrow-

Pereir

Fig. 14. /-/cmipsilic1lthys SplClldclIS, Mer 21662, 54.8 mm SL, male; Brazil: Parana: rio Araraquaw. ing from c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. median ridge more prominent. Eye small (10.0­ Dorsal profile of body smoothly convex, elevat­ 14.5 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris-with small, ing from snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then narrow dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of descending to last plateofciludal peduncle. Trunk head covered by minute hypertrophied odon­ and caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-sec­ todes; nuptial males with large soft fleshy lobes tion, slightly flattened ventrally and more com­ and delicate hypertrophied odontodes inserted pressed caudally. Greatest body depth at end of at right angle with the longitudinal axis of body. supraoccipital bone. Abdomen and ventral sur­ Lips developed, occupying most of ventral sur­ face of head completely naked. face of head; lower lip reaching pectoral girdle. Head broad and moderately depressed. Snout Lower lip mostly covered by minute papillae, convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly but leaving smooth band before the edge; poste­ elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, rior edge slightly fringed. Maxillary barbel short,

lchthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 122 coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small and bicus­ HemipsiUchthys l111dulus Reis & Pereira pid, inner cusp long, slightly curved inwards (Fig. 15) and rounded; lateral cusp minute, never reach­ ing half length of inner cusp. He1llipsi/ichtftys II/Idll/IIS Reis & Pereira, 1999: 46­ Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing 49 (type-locality: rio jordao at jordao Alto, through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spine­ approx. 28°35'5 49°2TW, Nova Veneza, Santa let present, but locking mechanism absent. Dor­ Catarina, Brazil). sal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin present, preceded by Examined material. Brazil: Santa Catarina; rio Arar­ 1-3 median, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral angua drainage; MCr 20278, holotype, 33.6 mOl SL; rio fin moderate in size; with spine curved and cov­ Jordao at Jordao Alto. ~ MCl' 10436, 103 + 8 c&s para­ ered by short odontodes, and 6 branched rays. types (30),12.9-32.4 mOl SL; rio Jordao at Jordao Alto.­ MCP 19199, 6 paratypes, 23.8-30.3 mOl SL; rio Mae LllZ­ Posterior margin of pectoral fin rounded. In nup­ ia at Forquilha, Treviso. - MCP 19938, 5 paratypcs, 25.9­ tial males pectoral fin overlaps half length of 29.6 mOl SL; rio Mae Luzia, upstream from Treviso. pelvic fin when adprcssed. Pelvic-fin small, with Rio Mampihlba drainage: MCP 23561, 5, 24.0­ 1 spine and 5 branched rays, not reaching inser­ 32:1 mOl SL; creek tributary to rio Scrtao ca. 6 km NE of tion of anal fin when adpressed. All branched Praia Grande. - MCr 23553, 4, 24.0-30.9 mOl SL; creek rays longer than spine. Posterior margin of pelvic tributary to rio Sertao at Cachoeira, ca. 9 km NE of Praia fin rounded. Pelvic-fin spine very thick and de­ Grande. - Mcr 23622, 49, 19.4-34.3 mOl SL; arroio M

Pereira & Rcis: Revision of Hl'IlIiFSilicllt11YS and islJf11"ckericllt11)1S 123

Fig. 15. Helllipsiliclltilys III/dull/s, MCP 25388,42.3 mOl SL, male; Brazil: Rio Grande do SuI: arroio Pavao.

Mcr 25691, 2, 34.4-36.0 mOl 5L; arroio Encantado, ductive characters: small size (maximum 33.6 mm Maquine. - MCP25444, 45, 27.2-36.5 mOl SL; MCP 25388, SL), 4 branched anal-fin rays (vs. 5 in most spe­ 10, 19.8-42.8 mOl SL; arroio Pavao, Maquine. - MCr cies), absence of dorsal-fin spinelet and nuchal 25400,5,28.8-35.7 mill SL; MCP 25397, 1, 32.5 mOl SL; plate (vs. present in most other species), absence arroio Barra do Ouro, Maquinc. of the connecting bone (vs. presence), reduction Diagnosis. HCII/ipsilichthys Ill/dllillS is easily dis­ of lateral line (vs. complete), loss of the infraor­ tinguished from all other species by the extreme bital sensory canal (vs. presence), and absence of reduction of dermal plates on the dorsal surface adipose fin (vs. present in all other species but of body, with just the ventral and mid-ventral H. vestigipilJllis and H. clIrycephnllls). rows normally developed. It has additional re- lchthyol. Explor. Freshw

• Hemipsilichthys nudulus • Hemipsilichthys euryccphalus

Fig. 16. Geogmphic distribution of Hcmipsi/iclltltys l/luflilliS and H. euryceplmllls in southern Brazil. Open symbol represent type-locality. One symbol may represent morc than one lot or locality.

Description. This species has recently been de­ Diagnosis. HClIlipsilichthys Ill/Itl/Cn is distinguished scribed by Reis & Pereira (1999) and we refer to from all remaining Helllipsilichthys by the exposed that paper for a complete description. Counts lateral process of clcithrum above pectoral-fin and proportional measurements are included in insertion very reduced in size, never passing the Table 2 for comparison. origin of the pectoral-fin spine (vs. cleithral proc­ ess large and passing origin of pectoral-fin spine); Distribution. Type specimens of Hcmipsilichtllys and by the arrangement of the hypertrophied 1I11dlllus are from the rio Araranh1ua drainage in odontodes on the lateral margin of head, which sOllthern Santa Catarina State. Additional speci­ are longer posteriorly and slightly turned back­ mens collected recently are from the rio Mapitu­ wards (vs. different configurations). ba, rio Tres Forquilhas, and rio Maquine in south­ ern Santa Catarina and northeastern Rio Grande Description. Standard length of examined spec­ do Sui (Fig. 16). imens 56.1-91.1 mm. Counts and proportional measurements presented in Table 2. Body mod­ erately depressed. Progressively narrowing from HemipsilicJltllys 11JlItllca Oliveira & Oyakawa cleithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Posterior (Fig. 17) process of cleithrum small, not extending above insertion of pectoral fin. Dorsal profile of body HClJlipsilichthys IIIIIII/cn Oliveira & Oyakawa, 1999: smoothly convex. Elevating from snout tip to 75-77 (type-locality: Brazil: Minas Gerais: rio origin of dorsal fin and then descending to last das Vel has drainage, County of Nova Lima, plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and caudal pe­ corrego Mutuca, at right side of the road from duncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, slightly flat­ Bela Horizonte to Nova Lima, km 20, approx. tened ventrally and more compressed caudally. 20°60'5 43°55'W) Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Abdo­ Examined material. Mer18805, 14 paratypes (14), 56.1­ men and ventral surface of head completely na­ 91.1 mm SL; Brazil: Minas Gerais: corrego Mutuca on ked. km 20 of road from Belo Horizonle to Nova Lima, Nova Head broad and moderately depressed. Snout Lima, rio Sao Francisco drainage. convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly

Pereira & Reis: Revision of /-kl/lipsilichtllYs (lnd Isllrllcckcriclllilys 125

Fig. 17. l-lelllil'silichlllys /IIl/tl/ca, Mer 18805,91.1 mm SL, male; Brazil: Minas Gerais: c6rrego Mutuca. elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip. lip not reaching pectoral girdle. Lower lip mostly median ridge more prominent. Eye smalJ (13.5­ covered by minute papillae. Maxillary barbel 16.2 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris with very short, coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small and small or no dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of bicuspid, inner cusp long, slightly curved in­ head covered by minute odontodes. Nuptial \\lards and rounded; lateral cusp minute and males with large soft fleshy lobes and few, long pointed, never reaching half length of inner cusp. hypertrophied odontodes. Both fleshy lobes and Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing odontodes progressively larger posteriorly; larg­ through pelvic·fin origin; nuchal plate present er odontodcs bent caudally. Lips developed, oc­ but spinelet and locking mechanism absent. Dor­ cupying most of ventral surface of head; lower s.:,I-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7

Ichthyol. Explor. FreshW

branched rays. Adipose fin present, preceded by Diagnosis. The larger c1eithral width (35.6 % SL 2-4 median, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral vs. 24.2-33.7) distinguishes H. sleplzmms from most fin moderate in size; with spine curved, covered other species, except H. stomias, H. IIypselllrus, by minute odontodes on lateral margin, and 6 H. e/lryceplzall/s, H. Illldulus, and H. SplClldclls. branched rays. Posterior margin of pectoral fin Hcmipsilicllillys slepllmllls can be distinguished rounded; usually overlapping pelvic-fin origin from the later five species by the smaller head when adpressed. Pelvic-fin moderate in size with depth (38.4 % vs. 39.8-63.7). Additionally, nuptial 1 spine and 5 branched rays; reaching insertion males of H. slcpl1mms are distinguished by the of anal fin when adpressed only in nuptial males. crownof regularly long hypertrophied odontodes Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by large odon­ on the anterior and lateral margin of head (vs. todes ventrally and laterally; well developed skin hyperthrophied odontodes on lateral of head flap on dorsal surface, extending to tip of spine. only). Anal fin with 1 unbranched and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin slightly concave; lower lobe slightly Description. Based solely on theholotype, 98.5 mm longer than upper, 14 branched rays. 5L. Counts and proportional measurements pre­ sented in Table 2. Body strongly depressed and Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and very broad at pectoral girdle, progressively nar­ head light brown, light yellowish ventrally. Dor­ rowing from c1eithrum to end of caudal pedun­ sum and flanks covered by dark brown blotches, cle. C1eithrum prominent laterally, largely ex~ arranged in4 irregular longitudinal series at mid­ tending above insertion of pectoral fin. Dorsal body, reducing to about 2 series in caudal pedun­ profile of body smoothly convex, slightly elevat­ cle. Fin membranes hyaline. Dorsal- pectornl and ing from snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then pelvic fins with 3-4 transverse dark stripes. CilU­ descending to last plate ofcaudal peduncle. Trunk dal fin with 5 trnnsverse dark stripe. Anal fin and caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-sec­ with 2-3 transverse dark stripes. Ventral surface tion, slightly Aattened ventrally and morc com­ of body, between anal-fin origin and head mostly pressed caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal­ unpigmented. Outer surface of upper lip and fin origin. Abdomen and ventral surface of head ventral margins of head with darker pigmenta­ completely naked. tion. Head broad and very depressed. Snollt con­ vex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly ele­ Distribution. Hemipsilichtllys mutuca is known vated ridges between orbits and snout tip, medi­ from the type-locality only, in the corrego Mutu­ an ridge more prominent. Eye small (12.0 % HL), ca in upper rio das Vel has drainage (Fig. 9). dors.1l1y placed. Iris with small, broad dors.11llap covering pupil. Margin ofhead covered by minute odontodcs. Nuptial males with crown of elon­ HemipsUiclrtltys stepltmms Oliveira & Oyakawa gateand slenderodontodcs borderingsnout com­ (Fig. 18) pletely. Lips developed, occupying most of ven­ tral surface of head; lower lip not reaching pecto­ Hemipsilic11tllys stepltmllls Oliveira & Oyakawa, ral girdle. Lower lip mostly covered by minute 1999: 77-79 (type-locality: Brazil: Minas Ge­ papillae; posterior edge fringed. Maxillary bar­ rais: rio Jcquitinhonha drainage, County of bel short, not coalesced with lower lip. Tccth Diamantina, ribeiraodas Pedras, ca. 1300 masl, small and bicuspid, inner cusp long, slightly 3 km north of Diamantina, approx. 18°10'5 curved inwards; straight or slightly rounded; lat­ ~3°37'W) eral cusp small and pointed. reaching half length of inner cusp. Examined material. Brazil: Minas Gerais: MZUSP Dorsal fin originating sligthly anteriorly to 36971, holotyp<', 97.1 mm SL; riocirao das Pedras, trib­ vertical passing through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal utary of rio Jequitinhonha, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 3 km north plate and spinelet present but locking mecha­ of Diamantina (approx. 18°10'5 43°37'W). - DZSJRP nism absent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately flexible, 27-12,6,30.148.8 SL; ribeirao Itac.lrambi, tributary of the rio 5.:;0 Francisco ncar Itacarambi. followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin present, preceded by 1 median, azygous pre-adipose plate. Pectoral-fin moderate in size; with spine covered

I'l'rt'iril & ReI!>: Revision of /ll'miJ'.,i1ic!ltIl.'ls and 1~/Jnrt'l'kl'l'i('hthy:; 127

Fig. 18. HemiJJsilichtJlys sfephulIlIs, holotype, MZUSP 36971, 97.1 111m SL, male; Brazil; Minas Gerais: ribeiriio das Pedras. by long, slcnder hypertrophicd odontodes, and 6 gradually in length. Pelvic-fin moderate in size branched rays. Posterior margin of pectoral fin with 1 spine and 5 branched rays; not reaching rounded; overlapping pelvic-fin origin when ad­ origin of anal fin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin spine pressed. First and second branched rays longer depressed, covered by large odontodes ventrally than spine; subscquent branched rays decrease and laterally; well developed skin flap on dorsal

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Fig. 19. Helllipsilichthys papilla/lis, holotype, MZUSr 53085, 91.8 mm SL, male; Brazil: Minas Gerais: ribeirao Santana. surface, extending to tip of spine. Anal fin with 1 HemipsilicJltl1YS papillatus Pereira, unbranched and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin Oliveira & Oyakawa slightly concave; lower lobe slightly longer than (Fig. 19) upper, 14 branched rays. HClllipsilichthys papillatl/s Pereira, Oliveira & Oya­ Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and kawa, 2000: 378-381, fig. 1 (type-locality: ribei­ head light brown, light yellowish ventrally. Dor­ rao Santana, tributary of rio Preto, at Rio Pre­ sum covered by dark blotches, irregularly shaped to (approximately 22°02'5 43°4TW), rio Para­ and sized. Dark pigmentation forming four sad­ ilia do Sui drainage, Minas Gerais, Brazil) dle-like marks, on first dorsal-fin rays, behind dorsal-fin base, between dorsal and adipose fin, Examined material. Brazil: Minas Gerais: MZUSr and behind adipose fin. Fin membranes hyaline. 53085, holotype, 91.8 mm SL; MCr 21423, 2 + 1 c&s Dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins with four irregu­ paratypes (3), 70.6-77.2 mm SL; MZUSP 53086, 1 para­ lar dark stripes. Ventral surface of body mostly type (1),60.0 mm SL; UFJF 0378, 5 + 1 c&s pmatypes (6), 26.1-85.9111m SL; UFJF 0379, 3 paratypes (3), 65.2­ unpigmented between origin ofanal fin and head. 75.3 mm SL; USNM 352350, 1 paratype (1),60.4 mm SL; Ventral margin of head, outer surface of upper ribeirao Santan

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Description. This species was recently described ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and and illustrated by Pereira et al. (2000) and the caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, description is not repeated here. Morphometric slightly flattened ventrally and more compressed data, however, are presented in Table 2 for com­ caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ parison purposes. gin. Abdomen and ventral surface of head na­ ked. Distribution. Hemipsilichthys papillatlls is so far Head moderately depressed. Snout convex known only from two localities in a tributary of and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated the rio Preto, rio Paralba do SuI basin, Minas ridges between orbits and snout tip. Eye moder­ Gerais, Brazil (Fig. 2). ately small (12.3-17.8 % HL), dorsolaterally placed. Iris with small dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin of head covered by minute odontodes in females Hemipsiliclltllys azygolecllis, new species and immature males. Nuptial males with large (Fig. 20) soft fleshy lobes and few and short hypertro­ phied odontodes. Lips developed, occupying HoJotype. MCr 19670, male, 116.6 mm 5L; Brazil: most of ventral surface of head; lower lip not Parana: Guarntuba; rio Araraquara ca. 8 km N of Garu­ reaching pectoral girdle. Lower lip mostly cov­ va (25°57'58"5 48°49'43"W); 1 Nov 1998, R. E. Rcis & M. ered by minute papillae; posterior edge fringed. F. Goulart. Maxillary barbel short and coalesced with lower lip forming complex and ornamented fringe. Teeth Paratypes. MCP 21663,7 (7), 66.8-111.3 mm 5L; collect­ small and bicuspid, inner cusp long, slightly ed with holotypc. - Mep 19781, 3 (3), 62.3-77.1 mm SL; curved inwards and rounded, lateral cusp small, same locality as holotypc; 8 Jan 1997, R.E. Reis, J.E never reaching half length of inner cusp. Pezzi, E.H.L. Pereira & J. Montoya-Burgos. - MCP 18409, 3 (3), 58.3-84.3 mm SL; ANSP 173795, 3 (2), 27.7-57.4 mm Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing SL; Brazil: Santa Catarina; creek tributary of rio Garn­ through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spine­ va, cerca de 2.5 km 5E of limit between Parana and let present, but locking mechanism absent. Dor­ Santa Catarina on road BR116; 30 Jan 1995, R.E. Reis, E. sal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 H. L. Pereira & J. E Pezzi. branched rays. Adipose fin present, preceded by 3-6 median, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pecto­ Diagnosis. Hel1lipsilichtltys azygolechis can be dis­ ral-fin moderate in size; with spine curved and tinguished from other Helllipsilichthys by having covered by shortodontodes, and 6 branched rays. the rictal barbel coalesced with the lower lip in a Posterior fin margin of pectoral fin rounded; over­ complex and ornamented fringe (vs. rictal barbel lapping pelvic-fin origin when adpressed. Pelvic free or, if coalesced, without an ornamented fin moderate in size with 1 spine and 5 branched fringe), and (except H. lII11tuCil and H. ceraslls) by rays; not reaching origin of anal fin when ad­ having a slender pectoral-fin spine, thinner than pressed. Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered by pelvic-fin spine (vs. pectoral-fin spine thicker or large odontodes ventrally and laterally; skin flap equal to pelvic-fin spine). From H. mullica it is on dorsal surface present but not very large, ex­ further distinguished by having the lateral proc­ tending to tip ofspine. Anal fin with 1 unbranched ess of cJeithrum developed above the origin of and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin slightly concave; pectoral fin (vs. lateral process of cIeithrum small lower lobe slightly longer than upper, 14 branched and not developed above pectoral-fin origin). rays. Additionally, mature males of H. azygoiecltis have short hypertrophied odontodes on margins of Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and head hidden by big fleshy lobes. head greyish brown, light yellow or whitish ven­ trally. Dorsum and flanks covered by dark blotch­ Description. Standard length of examined spec­ es, variable in size but mostly large, and irregu­ imens 41.4-111.3 mm. Counts and proportional larly arranged. Four dark saddles on dorsum: on measurements presented in Table 3. Body mod­ origin of dorsal fin, behind dorsal-fin base, on erately depressed, progressively narrowing from adipose fin, and between adipose and caudal cJeithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal pro­ fins. Interradial membranes of fins hyaline, fin file of body smoothly convex, elevating from rays of dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins with 3-5 snout tip to origin ofdorsal fin and then descend- dark transverse stripes. Anal fin with 2-3 and

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Fig. 20. I-fclI/ipsilichfllYs n::ygolccJ,is, holotype, MCP 19670, 116.6 mm SL, male; Brazil: Panma: rio Araraquara. caudal fin with five transverse dark stripes. Ven­ Distribution. HellJipsilichtltys azygolechis is known tral surface unpigmented between head and ori­ from the rio Sao }oao drainage only, in the states gin of anal fin. Ventral margin of head, outer of Santa Catarina and Parana (Fig. 7). surface of upper lip, and caudal peduncle homo­ geneously light brown.

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Comments. Hemipsilicllthys azygolechis is sympat­ Hemipsilichthys etlnJceplralJts, new species ric and syntopic with H. splellde1l5 in the rio Sao (Fig. 21) Joaa basin. While the latter species is common, H. a:ygolechis is comparatively rare. Holotype. MCr 19778, male, 62.3 mm SL; Brazil: Santa Catarina: Urubici: creek tributary of rio Etymology. The name a:ygoleclIis from the Greek Canoas East of vila sao Jose, on road to serra do azygos, unwedded, solitary, and lekis, plate, in Corvo Branco (28'03'33"S 49'2S'42"W); 20 Dec allusion to the numerous preadipose azygous 1998, R. E. Reis, A. R. C,rdoso, r. A. Buckup & F. plates. Treated as a noun in apposition. Melo.

Paratypes. MCP 22342, 22 (7), 46.3-62.8 mm SL; MNRJ 18340,22 (10), 43.7-59.0 mm SL; collected with holotype. - MCr 22360, 8 (2), 15.8-50.5 mm

Table 3. Descriptive morphometries and meristics of HcmiJlsiliclltllys species. Values given for holotypt..--s and ranges for all measured paratypes.

H. a::.ygolt'Chis H. cIlrycl1Jhn/flS H.lI.vstrix H. lIypse/llrlls H. stomins n=15 n-29 n...19 n=25 n'*20 Standard length (mm) 116.641.4-111.3 62.3 38.3-62.8 110.252.7-114.5 64.7 47.9-69.1 48.4 40.9-51.4 Percents of standard length Head length 30.4 30.7-33.1 35.0 33.8-38.2 34.3 31.8-34.4 34.3 32.2-38.8 36.8 35.1-38.3 Predorsal length 41.1 40.8-45.0 48.5 45.9-54.0 44.3 41.4-44.9 47.6 45.0-53.4 47.9 48.1-52.5 Postdorsallength 42.1 39.5-44.1 36.6 34.2-39.3 40.8 39.6-46.6 36.5 34.&-38.8 32.6 33.1-38.8 Dorsal-fin spine length 21.9 21.4-24.7 20.7 18.&-24.3 24.2 17.7-24.0 23.5 18.5-24.0 22.7 20.5-25.2 Anal-fin spine length 15.0 11.5-18.2 7.5 7.8-11.0 19.5 11.8-18.2 11.4 7.7-11.4 8.5 6.8- 9.8 Pectoral-fin spine length 15.2 15.1-21.2 22.0 20.0-24.7 22.7 17.8-22.4 21.5 17.7-22.5 21.1 19.3-24.2 Pelvic-fin spine length 23.2 19.8-23.7 21.8 19.&-24.3 27.8 18.6-24.7 21.6 19.1-24.4 25.4 21.7-26.2 Upper caudal-fin ray 23.1 22.3-26.5 19.9 17.0-22.7 24.7 17.4-24.0 22.4 16.8-23.7 23.1 20.8-24.8 Lower caudal-fin ray 25.5 23.2-28.9 20.9 19.7-27.2 25.1 19.9-28.4 26.0 22.0-29.1 28.9 25.0-30.9 Trunk length 14.8 14.&-17.8 21.0 18.3-21.7 17.4 15.8-18.4 18.1 18.3-21.5 16.7 17.1-20.6 Abdominal length 25.3 23.8-26.2 26.5 23.5-29.1 24.6 22.4-28.7 25.7 22.9-27.4 26.9 24.4-28.6 C1eithral width 27.1 26.2-29.2 38.4 33.5-40.0 31.2 29.3-31.7 34.2 32.1-38.7 36.2 35.6-40.0 B

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Fig. 21. Helllipsilichthys clIryccplmllls, holotypc, Mer 19778, 62.3 mm 5L, male; Brnzil: Santa Catarina: creek tributary of rio Canoas East of vila Sao Jose.

SL; Brazil: Santa Catarina: Urubici: rio Canoas ca. tributary to rio Canoas right before serra do Cor­ 300 m NE from road to serra do Corvo Branco vo Branco (28'03'14"5 49'22'39"W); 20 Dec 1998, and Campo dos Padres (28'02'45"5 49'23'21 "W); R. E. Reis, A. R. Cardoso, r. A. Buckup & F. Melo. 20 Dec 1998, R. E. Reis, A. R. Cardoso, P. A. - MCr 22352, 19 (6), 16.3-55.8 mm 5L; Brazil: Buckup & F. Melo. - MCr 22361, 21 (4), 23.4­ Santa Catarina: Urubici: rio Capoeiras, ca. 3 km 52.9 mm SL; Brazil: Santa Catarina: Urubici; creek W5W of Urubici (28'01'18"5 49'36'44"W); 19 Dec

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1998, R. E. Reis, A. R. Cardoso, P. A. Buckup & F. head; lower lip almost reaching pectoral girdle. Melo. Lower lip covered by large papillae, irregularly arranged but close and touching each other. Max­ Additional material (non.types). Brazil: Santa Cata­ illary barbel short and coalesced with lower lip. rina: rio Uruguai drainage: MNRJ 18339,9,14.2-46.7 mm Teeth small and bicuspid, inner cusp long, slight· SL; rio Canoas ca. 300 m NE of junction of road to serra Iy curved inwards and rounded; lateral cusp do Corvo Branco and Campo dos Padres, Urubici. ­ small, not reaching half length of inner cusp. MNRJ 18338, 20, 23.6-51.9 mm SL; creek tributary to rio Cannas right before serra do Corvo Branco, Urubici. ­ Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing M RJ 18337, 19, 14.1·53.0 mm SL; rio Capoeiras ca. 3 through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spine­ km WSW of Urubici. - MCP22341, 29, 14.2-58.3 mm SL; let present, but locking mechanism absent. Dor­ MNRJ 18335,29,14.9-57.2 mm SL; rio Urubid on bridge sal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 at south of Urubici. - Mer 22383, 8, 27.5-58.3 mm SL; branched ,?ys. Adipose fin reduced or absent; M RJ 18334, 8, 28.1-49.2 mm SL; rio CanDas ncar Cam­ witl)out°'fnedian, azygous pre-adipose plates. po dos Padres, on road to Mr. Helio's trout farm, Uru­ Pectoral-fin small; with spine slightly curved and bid. - Mer 22385, 54.2 mm SL; pool by rio CanDas, ca. covered by short hypertrophied odontodes, and 4 km N of serra da Corvo Branco, Urubici. 6 branched rays. Posterior fin margin of pectoral fin rounded; overlapping pelvic-fin origin when Diagnosis. HClIIipsiliclltllys clIryccpltallls can be ad pressed. Pelvic-fin small with 1 spine and 5 distinguished from other species of Helllipsilich­ branched rays; reaching origin of anal fin when thys (except H. vestigipillllisJ by having the adi­ ad pressed. Pelvic·fin spine depressed, covered pose fin reduced or absent. The large cleithral by large odontodes ventrally and laterally; well width also distinguishes H. euryceplmills from developed skin flap on dorsal surface, extending several other HemipsilicJzthys species (33.5-40.0 % to second third of spine. Anal fin with 1 un­ SL vs 24.2-33.2), with the exception of H. slolllins, branched ray; 4-5 branched rays (usually 5). Cau­ H. hypselllrtls, H. splclldells, H. steilldacJl1Ieri, H. ste­ dal fin obliquely truncate, lower lobe longer than pha/ms and H. lludulllS. Hemipsilichthys eurycepha­ upper, 14 branched rays. IllS is further distinguished from H. stomias, H. hyp­ sell/rus, and H. Jllldllil/s by having 5 anal fin rays Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and (vs.4). head dark brown, light brown or yellowish ven­ trally. Dorsum and flanks with 4 dark saddles, on Description. Standard length of examined spec­ origin of dorsal fin, behind dorsal-fin base, on imens 38.3-62.8 mm. Counts and proportional adipose fin, and between adipose and caudal measurements presented in Table 3. Body short fins. Interradial membranes of fins hyaline, fin and depressed, wide at cleithrum and narrowing rays of dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins with 4 from that point to end ofcaudal peduncle. Dorsal dark transverse stripes. Anal fin with inconspic­ profile of body convex, elevating from snout tip uous dark blotch; caudal fin with 3 irregular trans­ to origin of dorsal fin and then descending to last verse dark stripes. Ventral surface mostly unpig­ plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and caudal pe­ mented between head and origin of anal fin. duncle rounded dorsally in cross-section, flat· Ventral margin of head, outer surface of upper tened ventrally and more compressed caudally. lip, and caudal peduncle evenly light brown. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Abdo­ men and ventral surface of head completely na­ Distribution. HClIlipsilichthys ellrycephnlus occurs ked. in the upper reaches of the rio Canoas in the Head very broad and moderately depressed. highlands of southern Santa Catarina State (Fig. Snout convex and rounded anteriorly. Three ridg­ 16). es between orbits and snout tip reduced or ab­ sent. Eye moderately small (12.(}-l4.8 % HL), dor­ Etymology. The name eurycephaills from the solaterally placed. Iris with small dorsal flap cov­ Greek eurys, broad, wide, and kephale, head, in ering pupil. Margin of head covered by minute allusion to the broad head. Treated as a noun in odontodes. Nuptial males with short hypertro­ apposition. phied odontodes at lateral margin of head. Lips developed, occupying most of ventral surface of

Ichthyol. Explor. Frcshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 134

Hemipsilichthys 11ystrix, new species pas Novas. -MCP22353, 11, 14.1-94.7 mm SL; rio Lava­ (Fig. 22) Tudo at Vila Vacas Gordas, ca.18 km SSW of Urubici on road to Sao Joaquim. - Mcr22340, 23, 14.5-78.6 mm SL; Holotype. MCr 19779, male, 110.2 mm SL; Bra­ creek tributary to rio Lava-Tudo on road from Urubici ~ zil: Rio Grande do SuI: Born Jesus; creek tributary to trout farm of Mr. Helio Souza. Mcr 22343, 2, 83.9­ 94.3 mOl SL; riodo Bispoca.l km upstream from mouth of rio dos Touros, on road from Silveira to Rand­ on rio relotas, Urubici. - MCr 22344, 20, 25.5-74.4 mOl inha, 28"39'18"5 50"18'25"W; 14 Jan 1989, C. A. S. SL; rio Silveira at Silveira, at exit to Bom Jardim da Lucena, E. H. L. Pereira, & P.Y. Azevedo. Serra, Sao Jose dos Ausentes. - Mcr 22345, 6, 15.1­ 74.1 mm SL; rio Capivaras on ro

Pereira & Rcis: Revision of Helllipsilicll/llys and Isbml'ckcriclltllys 135

Fig. 22. Hemipsilic1lthys hystrix, holotype, Mel' 19779, 110.2 mm SL, male; Brazil: Rio Grande do Sui: creek tributary of rio dos Touros. phallUS); flap of skin on the dorsal surface of the of mature males delicate, usually more devel­ pectoral-fin spine of mature males present (vs. oped on anterior portion of snout and head mar­ absent in H. curycephaills and H. calmolli); adipose gins (vs. odontodes thick, strong, and mOfe de­ fin present (vs. absent in H. vestigiphl1lis and veloped in the lateral, posterior portion of head H. IlI/dlllllS); hypertrophied odontodes on snout margins in H. steiudaclllleri and H. rega/Ii).

Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwatcnl, Vol. 13, NO.2 136

Description. Standard length of examined spec­ origin ofanal fin in nuptial males when adprcssed. imens 52.7-114.5 mm. Counts and proportional Anal fin with 1 unbranched and 5 branched rays. measurements presented in Table 3. Body mod­ Caudal fin slightly concave; lower lobe slightly erately depressed, progressively narrowing from longer than upper, 14 branched rays. c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal pro­ file of body smoothly convex, elevating from Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descend­ head dark gray, sometimes brownish, pale yel­ ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and low ventrally. Dorsum and flanks covered by caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, dark brown to black blotdles irregularly scat­ slightly flattened ventrally and more compressed tered, smaller and more inconspicuous on head. caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ Blotches more visible in younger specimens and gin. Abdomen and ventral surface of head com­ usually arranged in 4 diffuse saddles located at pletely naked. origin of dorsal fin, on posterior portion of dor­ Head moderately depressed. Snoutconvex and sal~fin base, at origin of adipose fin, and between rounded anteriorly. Three slightly elevated ridges adipose and caudal fins. Fin membranes hyaline. between orbits and snout tip, median ridge more Dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins with 4-5 wide prominent. In nuptial males this ridges ornament­ dark stripes; anal fin with 3-4, and caudal fin ed with many short hypertrophied odontodes. with 4-5 narrower bands. Ventral surface unpig­ Eye moderately small (12.1-14.4 % HL), dorsola­ mented between anal-fin origin and head. Ven­ terally placed. Iris with small dorsal flap covering tral margin of head, outer portion of upper lip, pupil. Margin of head covered by minute odonto­ and ventral portion of caudal peduncle dusky. des in females and immature males. Nuptial males with largesoft fleshy lobes and few, delicate hyper­ Distribution. Helllipsilichthys hystrix occurs in the trophied odontodes at anterior and lateral por­ headwater of the rio Pelotas, upper portions of tions of snout margin. Large mature males some­ the rio Uruguai, and in the rio das Antas (rio times with many hyperthrophied odontodes on Jacui drainage). Another, apparently disjunct anterior portion of head. Lips moderately devel­ population occurs in the rio Ijui and rio Piratin­ oped occupying part of ventral surface of head; im, tributaries of the rio Uruguai in western Rio lower lip not reaching pectoral girdle; covered by Grande do Sui (Fig. 13). minute papillae. Maxillary barbel short and coa­ lesced with lower lip. Teeth small and bicuspid, Etymology. The name hystrix is Latin, meaning inner cusp long, slightly curved inwards; straight porcupine, in allusion to the spiny aspect of the or slightly rounded; lateral cusp small, usually snout of large males. A noun in apposition. not readling half length of inner cusp. Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate and spine­ HemipsilicJlt1lys 1lypselurIls, new species let present, but locking mechanism absent. Dor­ (Fig. 23) sal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin present; wit' out me­ Holotype, MCr 19665, male, 64.7 mm SL; Brazil: dian, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pectoral~fin Rio Grande do Sui: Maquine; rio Forqueta tribu­ moderate in size; with spine slightly curved and tary to rio Maquine, 29°32'42"5 500 14'21"W; 1 Feb covered by delicate hypertrophied odontodes; 2000, F. G. Becker, V. A. Bertaco & E. H. L. Pereira. and 6 branched rays. First and second branched rays distinctly longer than spine; subseguent rays Paratypes, Brazil: Rio Grande doSui: MCP 26109, decrease gradually in size, last ray half length of 11 (4), 37.8-68.6 mm SL: collected with holotype. first one. Posterior margin of pectoral fin may UFRGS 4498,6 (6), 47.9-53.2 mm SL; rio Maquine overlap half length of pelvic-fin when adpressed. and arroio do Guro, between Maquine and Barra Pelvic-fin moderate in size with 1 spine and 5 do Oura; 19 Nov 1990, A. Kindel. - MCP 21337, branched rays; not reaching origin of anal fin 49 (10), 23.8-68.8 mm SL; arroio Escangalhado, when adpres~ed. Pelvic-fin spine depressed, cov­ 29°34'05"5 500 17'15"W, Maquine; 25 Sep 1998, V. ered by large udontodes ventrally and laterally; A. Bertaco, M. Azevedo & E. H. L. Pereira. - Mep well developed skin flap on dorsal surface, ex­ 23676,15 (5), 27.5-63.1 mm SL; arroio do Padre on tending to tip of spine. Pelvic-fin may overlap road from Terra de Areia to Tainhas, 29°29'11 "S

Pcrcir

500 07'12"W, Tres Forguilhas; 20 jul 1999, E. H. fin rays. It is distinguished from H. lI11dufllS and L.Pereira, R. E. Reis & J. F. Pezzi. H. stoll/ias in having the dorsal surface of body and head dark brown, without blacks dots (vs. Additional material (non-types). Brazil: Santa Cata­ distinct black dots present in H. sfo11lias), a deep rina: Mer 19183, 9, 22.7-33.5 mm 5L; rio Amola Faca, caudal peduncle (11.1-14.0 % SL in aduJts vs. 9.9­ Timbe rio Amrangua drainage,S km from do SuI. - 11.7 in H. I/lldlllliS and 9.7-11.3 in H. stomias) and • Mep 19203,20,18.0-49.2 mm 5L; rio S50 Bento, at 8<11­ neario Gheller, Sao Pedro, 8 km W of Nova Veneza, 74-98 teeth in each dentary (vs. 29-46 in H. Iwdll­ Sider6polis.':' Mer 15406, 15, 17.7-55.8 mm SL; rio Fax­ 1115 and 94-120 in H. stomias). inalzinho at Mac dos Homcns, Praia Grande. - Mer 14706, 2, 32.3-39.9 mm 5L; rio Canoas, ca. 13 km up­ Description. Standard length of examined spec­ stream from Praia Gwnclc. - MCP 23545, 30, 25.7+ imens 47.9-69.1 mm. Counts and proportional 61.3 mm 5L; arroio Faciio at Mae dos Homens, Praia measurements presented in Table 3. Body short Grande. - Mer 23628, 44, 24.2-56.1 mm 5L; arroio Maia and moderately depressed, progressively narrow­ Coco at Vila Rosa, ca.5 km NW of Praia Grande. ! Mer ing from c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. 23531, 171, 20.7-55.2 mm 5L; rio Faxinalzinho at Sao Roque, Praia Grande. - MCr 26522,1,41.5 mm SL; rio Dorsal profile of body convex, elevating from Mae Luzia, upstream from Treviso. " snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descend­ Rio Grande do SuI: MCr 23716, 2, 46.6~52.8 mm ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and SL; rio Negro on road from Morrinhos do Sui to Praia caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, Grande. - UFRGS 3256, 9, 21.5~39.7 mm SL; rio Tres flattened ventralJy and more compressed caudal­ Forquilhas on bridgenenr Tres Forquilhas. - MCP25325, ly. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Ab­ 17, 16.8~54.9 mm SL; rio Tres Forquilhas

lchthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 138

Fig. 23. Hemipsifichthys lIypsell/YIIs, holotype, Mep 19665, 64.7 mm SL, male; Brazil: Rio Grande do Sui: rio Forqucta.

todes on lateral and dorsal margins in nuptial very large in nuptial males, sometimes reaching males. All branched rays slightly longer than posterior margin of ana] fin. All branched rays spine. Posterior margin of pectoral fin, may reach slightly longer than spine. Anal fin small, with 1 half length of pelvic fin when adpressed. Pelvic unbranched and 4 branched rays. Caudal fin ob­ fin moderate in size with 1 spine and 5 branched liquely truncate or slightly concave; lower lobe rays; reaching origin of anal fin when ad pressed; slightly longer than upper, 14 branched rays.

Pereira & Rei!>: Revision of Ht'lIIipsilicl1t11YS

Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and (vs. body and head dark brown without black head even dark grayish brown, without any dark dots), a low caudal peduncle 9.7-11.3 % SL (vs. dots or blotches; pale yellowish ventrally. Flanks 11.1-14.0 in adults of H. h!lpselurIIs) and more usually darker than dorsum. Fin membranes hy­ teeth in each dentary (94-120 vs. 29-46 in H. Illldll­ aline and fin rays even dark brown. Sometimes /115 and 74-98 in H. hypselllrlls). 2-3 inconspicuous dark transverse stripes on cau­ dal fin. Ventral surface unpigmented between Description. Standard length of examined spec­ anal-fin origin and head. Ventral margin of head, imens 40.9-51.4 mm. Counts and proportional outer portion of upper lip, and ventral portion of measurements presented in Table 3. Body short caudal peduncle dusky. and moderately depressed, progressively narrow­ ing from c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Distribution. Type specimens of H. hypsellfrtls are Dorsal profile of body convex, elevating from from the rio Maquine and rio Tres Forquilhas, in snout tip to origin ofdorsal fin and then descend­ the coastal plains of northeastern Rio Grande do ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and SuI. The species is also present in the rio Mampi­ caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, tuba and rio Ararangwl, in northeastern Rio Gran­ flattened ventrally and more compressed caudal­ de do Sui and southern Santa Catarina (Fig. 13). ly. Greatest body depth at posterior end of su~ praoccipital bone. Abdomen and ventral surface Etymology. The name hypSelllrllS from the Greek of head completely naked. hypselos, high, tall, and oura, tail, in allusion to Head broad and moderately depressed. Snout the tall caudal peduncle. Treated as a noun in broad, convex, and rounded anteriorly. Three apposition. slightly elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip; median ridge more prominent. Eye moder~ ately small (13.2-16.2 % HL), dorsolateralJyplaced. Hemipsilichtlzys stomias, new species Iris with large dorsal flap covering pupil. Margin (Fig. 24) of head covered by minute odontodes, except for small naked area on snout tip. Nuptial males Holotype. MCP 19666, male, 48.4 mm SL; Brazil: with reduced fleshy lobes and short, delicate Santa Catarina: Treviso; rio Mae Luzia at Forquil­ hypertrophied odontodes on margins of head ha, 28°27'66"5 49°30'06"W, rio Ararangua basin; inserted at right angle. Lips well developed, oc­ 15 Jun 1996, E. H. L. Pereira, J. F. Pezzi, & A. R. cupying ventral surface of head almost totally; Cardoso. lower lip almost reaching pectoral girdle. Lips covered by minute papillae but leaving smooth Paratypes. MCr 19200,83 (20), 16.7-51.8 mm SL; band before edge; posterior edge sligthly fringed. collected with holotype. Maxillary barbel short and coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small, slender and bicuspid, inner cusp Additional specimens, non·types. Brazil: Santa Cata­ slightly curved inwards. Lateral cusp small, usu­ rina: rio Tubarao drainage: MCP 19669, 5, 27.4-43.8 mm ally not reaching half length of inner cusp. SL; upper rio BraJ;o do Norte, on road from Aguas Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing Mamas to Anihipolis, ca. 22 km north of Anitapolis, through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate present Anitapolis. but spinelet and locking mechanism absent. Dor­ Rio Ararangua drainage: MCr 10437, 28, 15.5­ sal-fin spine moderately flexible, followed by 7 45.2 mm SL; rio Jordao at Jordao Alto, Nova Yeneza.­ MCr 19203, 20, 16.8-51.2 mm SL; rio Sao Bento at Bal­ branched rays. Adipose fin pre~nt, preceded by neario Gheller, Sao Pedro, 8 km west of Nova Veneza, I-p~l1edian, azygous pre-adipose plates. Pecto­ Sider6polis. - Mer 19897, 101, 18.7~46.3 mm SL; rio ral-fin moderate in size; with spine straight and Mae Luzia, upstream from Treviso. covered by delicate hypertrophied odontodes in nuptial males, and 6 branched rays. Pectoral-fin Diagnosis. He/1/ipsilichthys stol1lias is distinguished spine covered by delicate hypertrophied odon­ from other congeners (except H. lI11dlllllS and todes on lateral and dorsal margins in nuptial H. IlypSelUrIIS) by having 4 (vs. 5) branched anal­ males. All branched rays slightly longer than fin rays. It is distinguished from H. IllldlllllS and spine. Posterior margin of pectoral fin may reach H. hypse/1I1"1ls by having the dorsal surface of half length of pelvic-fin when adpressed. Pelvic body and head covered by distinct blacks dots fin moderate in size with 1 spine and 5 branched

lchthyo1. Explor. Freshwotcrs, Vol. 13, No.2 140

Fig. 24. Hcmipsilichtllys stomias, holotype, Mer 19666, 48.4 mm SL, male; Brazil: Santa Catarina: rio Mae Luzia. rays; reaching origin of anal fin when ad pressed; Color in alcohol. Dorsal surface of body and very large in nuptial males, sometimes reaching head even dark grayish brown, with many black posterior margin of ana) fin. All branched rays dots smaller and more concentrated on head; slightly longer than spine. Anal fin very small; pale yellowish ventrally. Fin membranes hyaline with 1 unbranched ray and 4 branched rays. Cau­ and fin rays with black dots forming three or four dal fin obliquely truncate or slightly concave; irregular transverse dark stripes on all fins ex­ lower lobe slightly longer than upper, 14 branched cept anal, which is unpigmented. Ventral surface rays. unpigmented between anal-fin origin and head.

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Hemil'silichth.'ls and Islmll'ckericlrfh.'ls 141

Ventral margin of head, outer portion of upper the discovery of an earlier type-species designa­ lip, and ventral portion of caudal peduncledusky. tion (Regan, 1920), which had fixed H. call1/olli as the type-species of Pareiorhaphis. As H. ealmolli is Distribution. HCl1Iipsilichthys stollJias occurs in a valid species in the genus Hcmipsiliehthys, Pa­ the southern portion of Santa Catarina coastal reiorhaphis became a junior synonym of HClllipsil­ region, in the drainages of rio Ararangua and rio icllthys, and both P. dllscJli and P. alipiollis needed Tubarao (Fig. 7). a new genus name. For this study, 85 exemplares of lsbrueekerieh­ Etymology. The name stoll/ias is Greek, meaning thys from the rio Ribeira do Iguape basin were large-mouthed animal. A noun in apposition. examined. Of these, 37 specimens were from the rio Betari, a tributary of rio Iporanga in the State ofSao Paulo, and 48 were from the head\'\'aters of Genus lsbmeckerichthys Derijst the rio Ribeira in the State of Parana. The com­ parison among these specimens showed that two /sbrueckcrichthys Derijst, 1996: 64 (type species by species were involved. Specimens from the up­ original designation He11lipsilichthys rlusclJi Mi­ per rio Ribeira have the lateral cusp in all teeth randa Ribeiro, 1907: 187) and are 1. rlllSClli. The fishes from the rio Betari, however, have a derived, unicuspidate teeth, and Diagnosis. A phylogenetic diagnosis for lsbrtlcck­ represent 1. alipiollis. erichthys is now unavailable, but species belong­ ing to this genus can be readily distinguished from other hypostomines by the combination of Key to species of lsbmeckerichthys the following characters: small to medium size (up to 98.0 mm SL), a small naked area behind ]. Teeth of dentary and premaxilla with small the pterotic-supracleithrum, abdomen with small lateral cusp; pectoral-fin spine short (17.3­ platelets inbedded in skin between pectoral gir­ 21.4 % SL) (rio ribeira do Ignape). dle and pelvic-fin insertions, dorsal fin with one ..... 1. rlllSClli spine and 7 branched rays, and caudal peduncle Teeth of dentary and premaxilla simple, ovoid in cross-section. without lateral cusp; pectoral fin spine long (27.4-32.0 % SL) (rio ribeira do Iguape). Comments. Miranda Ribeiro (1907) described ...... 1. alipioJlis H. rlllseJli based on three specimens, one from Parana State and two from the ribeirao do Mon­ jolinho (rio lporanga basin, State of Sao Paulo), Isbrueckerichthys dllSelli (Miranda Ribeiro) without designating a holotype. Eleven years lat­ (Fig. 25) er, Miranda Ribeiro (1918) proposed the new ge­ nus Pareiorhaphis for H. rluseni, H. steilJdaclJlleri, Hemipsilichtl/ys dllselli Miranda Ribeiro, 1907: 187 and H. ealmolli, without designating a type-spe­ (type-Iocaljty: Parana and Ribeirao do Mon­ cies. In that paper, only H. gobia and H. garbci, jolinho a 300 metros sobre 0 mar [ribeirao do which Miranda Ribeiro regarded as a junior syn­ Monjolinho, 300 meters above sea level, is a onym of H. gabio, remained in He11lipsiliehthys. tributary of the rio Betari, near Iporanga, Sao Gosline (1947) reexamined the three syntypes Paulo]) of H. rlusclIi and recognized two species among them. According to him, the smaller specimen Examined material. Brazil: Parana: rio Ribeira do Ig­ (MNRJ 772) is believed to be the one sent by Mr. uape system: MNRJ 772, lectotype, 69.7 mm SL; proba­ Dusen from Parana and it was designated as bly from Parana. - MCP 12557, 20 (7), 28.6-98.8 mm SL; lectotype of H. dusclli. The two remaining speci­ ribeirao ru[ador, 3 km S of Campinhos on highway mens, collected in the rio Betari, were made hol­ BR476, Cerro Azul. - MCr 12608, 20 (2), 25.3-49.0 mm otype and paratype of a new species, Pareiarha­ SL; rio Santana at Santana dos Benatos on highway BR476, Rio Branco. - MCr 12564, 28 (7), 23.8-91.1 mm phis alipiolJis. Gosline designated P. rlllsclli as the SL; ribeirao Pocinha, 4 km S of Tunas on highway type-species of Pareiarhaphis. BR476, Bocaiuva do SuI. - Mer 20128, 14, 23.5-95.2 mm Derijst (1996) transferred P dllseni and P. nlipi­ SL; rio Piedade on road from Rio Branco do Sui to Ollis to his new genus Isbrtlcckerichthys, based on A~ungui, ca. 26 km WNW of Rio Branco do SuI.

Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwatcrs, Vol. 13, No.2 142

Fig. 25. /slJrueckaichthys dllseJli, Mer 12557, 98.8 mm SL, male; Brazil: Parana: ribeirao Pulador.

Diagnosis. Isbmcckerichthys dusclJi is distinguished snout tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descend­ from I. alipiollis by having bifid teeth, with a ing to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and small lateral cusp (V5. teeth simple, without later­ caudal peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, al cusp) and smaller pectoral-fin spine (17.3-21.4 % slightly flattened ventrally and more compressed SL vs. 27.4-32.0). caudally. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin ori­ gin. Ventral surface of head naked. Abdomen Description. Standard length of examined spec­ covered by minute platelets, irregularly arranged imens 47.0-98.8 mill. Counts and proportional between lower lip and insertion of pelvic fins, measurements presented in Table 4. Body mod­ and naked from this point to origin of anal fin. erately depressed and progressively narrowing Head moderately broad and depressed. An­ from c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal terior profile of head slightly triangular to round­ profile of body sl.ightly convex, elevating from ish in dorsal view, more rounded in mature males.

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Hrmipsilichthys and /sbr1lcckerichthys 143

Three slightly elevated ridges between orbits and Distribution. This species is only known from snout tip, lateral ridges more prominent. Dorsal the upper reaches of the rio Ribeira do iguape, in region of head between orbits concave; upper Parana Statc, Brazil (Fig. 2). margin of orbit slightly elevated. Eye moderately small (11.3-13.9 % HL) dorsolaterally placed. Iris with small to large dors.:"11 flap covering pupil. lsbmeckerichthys alipionis (Gosline) Margins of head covered by minute odontodes in (Fig. 26) females; mature males with thin fleshy lobes and short hypertrophied odonlodes. Lips well devel­ PareiDr/wphi, "lipiDlli, Gosline, 1947: 104 (type­ oped, occupying most of ventral surface of head; locality: almost certainly the Ribeirao do Mon­ lower lip reaching pectoral girdle. Lips covered jolinho in the lporanga basin of Sao Paulo by many minute papillae. Maxillary barbel short, IBrazil]) coalesced with lower lip. Teeth small and bicus­ Examined material. Brazil: sao Paulo: rio Ribeira do pid, inner cusp larger, slightly curved inwards Iguape system: MNRJ 4241, holotype, 78.9 mm SL; and rounded; outer cusp minute, pointed, not M RJ 4242, 1 paratype, 76.6 mm SL; rio Betari, lporan­ reaching half length of inner cusp. gao - Mep 19607, 21 (5),70.0-79.3 mOl SL; rio Betari at Dorsal fin originating on vertical passing Parque Estadual TUristico do Alto Ribeira, lporanga. ­ through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate present, MCP 2842616 (5), 52.4-81.5 mOl SL; rio Betari at bridge but dorsal-fin spinelet and locking mechanism of bairro da Serra, ca 13 km WW from lporanga. ­ absent. Dorsal-fin spine moderately flexible, fol­ MZUSP 58550,33 (4), rio Betari near the Parque Estad­ llal Tllristico do Alto Ribeira, lporanga. - MCr 20122, 6, lowed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin present, 38.7-80.7 mm SL; corrego Areias, ca 1 km SE from bair· preceded by 1-2 median, azygous pre-adipose ro da Serra, on road from Apia! to lporanga, lporanga. plates. Pectoral fin moderate in size; with curved - MCP 26952,24,28.9-87.2 mOl SL; rio Betari, lpornnga. spine, covered by few odontodes, and 6 branched rays, first as long as spine. Subsequent brandled Diagnosis. Isbrucckcrichthys alipiollis is distin­ rays reduced gradually in size, last ray half length guished from I. dllselli by having teeth simple, of first one. Posterior margin of pectoral fin without lateral cusp (vs. teeth with small lateral straight, passing mid-length of pelvic-fin when cusp) and larger pectoral-fin spine (27.4-32.0 I Yo adpressed. Pelvic fin moderate in size with 1 SL vs. 17.3-21.4). spine and 5 branched rays, not reaching to inser­ tion of anal fin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin spine Description. Standard length of examined spec­ depressed, covered by large odontodes ventrally imcns 52.4-81.5 mm. Counts and proportional and laterally; well developed skin flap on dorsal measurements presented in Table 4. Body mod­ surface, extending to tip of spine. Anal fin with 1 erately depressed, progressively narrowing from unbranched and 5 branched rays. Caudal fin c1eithrum to end of caudal peduncle. Dorsal pro­ slightly concave, upper and lower lobes approx­ file of body slightly convex, elevating from snout imately equal in size, 14 branched rays. tip to origin of dorsal fin and then descending to last plate of caudal peduncle. Trunk and caudal Color in alcohol. Ground color of upper surface peduncle mostly ovoid in cross-section, slightly of head and body greyish; pale yellow ventrally. flattened ventrally. Greatest body depth at dor­ Dorsum and flanks covered by small. dark brown, sal-fin origin. Ventral surface of head naked. Ab­ roundish spots, associated with irregularly ar­ domen covered with minute platelets, scattered ranged lighter blotches. Dorsal blotches some­ between lower lip and insertion of pelvic fins. times arranged to form 4 inconspicuous saddles: Head moderately broad and depressed. Snout on origin of dorsal fin, behind dorsal-fin base, on convex and rounded anteriorly. Three slightly adipose fin, and between adipose and caudal elevated ridges between orbits and snout tip, fins. Interradial membrane of fins hyaline, fin­ median ridge slightly more prominent. Eye mod­ rays with 3-4 wide blotches, forming sinuous erately small (11.0-13.9 % HL) dorsolalerally transverse stripes. Ventral surface unpigmented placed. Iris with small dorsal flap covering pupil. between head and origin of anal fin. Ventral mar­ Margins of head covered with minute odontodes; gin of head and external surface of upper lip mature males without hyperthrophied odontodes homogeneously light brownish. Ventral portion on cheeks. Lips well developed, occupying most of caudal peduncle dusky. of ventral surface of head; lower lip reaching

Ichthyol. Explor. Frcshwaters, Vol. 13, No.2 144

Fig. 26. IsbrueckerichtJzys a{jpiollis, Mer 28426, 81.5 mm SL, male; Brazil: Sao Paulo: rio Betari. scapular bridge. Lips covered with minute papil­ First and second branched rays as long as spine. lae. Maxillary barbel short, coalesced with lower Subsequent branched rays reduced gradually in lip. Teeth small and simple, slender and curved size, last ray half length of first one. Posterior inwards, without lateral cusp. margin of pectoral fin straight, passing mid-length Dorsal fin originating on vertical line passing of pelvic fin when adpressed. Pelvic fin moderate through pelvic-fin origin; nuchal plate covered in size with one spine and 5 branched rays, not by skin, dorsal-fin spinelet and locking mecha­ reaching to insertion of anal fin when adpressed. nism absent. Dorsal-fin spine somewhat flexible, Pelvic-fin spine depressed, covered with large followed by 7 branched rays. Adipose fin present, odontodes ventrally and laterally; well devel­ preceded by 1-2 median, azygous pre-adipose oped skin flap on dorsal surface, extending to tip plates. Pectoral fin moderate in size; with slightly of spine. Anal fin with one unbranched and 5 curved and slender spine, covered with few and branched rays. Caudal fin concave, lower lobe short hypertrophied odontodes; 6 branched rays. slightly longer than upper, 14 branched rays.

Pereira & Reis: Revision of Hl.'mipsilichtllys and Isbrut'ckaic1If1I.ys 145

Color in alcohol. Ground color of upper surface surface unpigmented between head and origin of head and body brown or greyish brown; pale of anal fin. Ventral margin of head and external yellow ventrally. Dorsum and flanks mostly plain surface of upper lip homogeneously light brown­ but sometimes with darker blotches of various ish. Ventral portion of caudal peduncle dusky. sizes and shapes, associated with lighter blotchcs irregularly arranged. Dorsal blotches sometimes Distribution. This species is only known from arrangcd to form four inconspicuous saddles: on the rio Betari, in the rio Ribeira do Iguape basin, origin of dorsal fin, behind dorsal-fin basc, on in Sao Paulo Statc, Brazil (Fig. 2). adipose fin, and between adipose and caudal fins. Interradial membrane of fins hyaline, fin-rays with 4-6 spots, forming transverse stripes. Vcntral Acknowledgments We are grilteful to the following collcilgues ilnd institu­ tions for providing specimens and other assistilncc: Table 4. Descriptive morphometries and mcristies of Barbara Herzig, Ernst Mikschi, Helmut Wellendorf Isbrueckl'richth.ll5 species. Values given as ranges for all ( MW), Carlos F. Bizcrril, Francisco L.lngeilni (DZSJRP), measured specimens. Dirk Neumann (25M), Eddy Derijst, Georges Lcnglet, Georges Coulon (IRSNB), Ernst Fittkilu, Jf'lrgen Nielsen I. dlfsf.'lIi I. alipiollis (ZMUC), Jose Carlos Oliveira (UFJF), JUiln-lgniicio Mon­ n=16 n-29 toya-Burgos (MHNG), Luiz R. Malnbarba (UFRGS), OsvilldoT. Oyakilwil (MZUSP), PauloA. Buckup(MNRJ), Standard length (0101) 47.0-98.8 52.4-81.5 and Pedro Peres Neto. We arc grateful to our colleagues Percents of standard length ilt MCr, Luiz R. Millabarbil, Carlos A. S. Lucenil, Zilda Margarete S. Lurenil, Jose Pezzi da Silva, and Paulo H. Head length 31.3-35.3 28.8-34.2 Lucinda for the extensive discussions on a variety of PredorScatfish genus Hemipsilic!JI1l.lls Miranda-Ribeiro, 1918 Dentary teeth 28-16 35-47 (Pisces: Siluriformes; Loricariidile), with the intro­ Plates lilteral 10 dorsal fin 5-8 7-11 duction of ls/lTl/l'ckerirhtl/.lIs nom. nov. Aquarium Plates lx!twccn dorsal/ildiposc 6-9 9-12 Wereld. 49: 62~64. Plates between adiposc/ciludal 4-6 4-6 Eigenmann, C. H. & R. Eigenmann, 1889. Preliminary Pliltes lateral to ilnal fin 4-6 3-4 notes on South American nemathognathi II. Proc. Pliltcs between anal/caudal 12-15 12-14 Cnlif. Acad. Sci., 2: 28-56.

Ichthyol. Explor. Fn.-'shwaten>, Vol. 13, No.2 146

Giltay, L 1936. Notes Ichthyologiqucs. XI. Revision du Pereira, E. H. L., J. C. Oliveira & O. T. Oyakawa, 2000. genre Hcmi"Sifichthys (Loricariidae). Bull. Mus. R. Hel1lipsiliclltllys Pllpif{tllllS, a new spt..'Cies of loricari­ Hist. Nat. Bclg., 12: 1-7. id catfish (Teleostei; Siluriformes) from Minas Ge­ Gosline, W. A. 1947. Contributions to the classification rais, Brazil. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, 1'1: 377­ of the loricariid catfishes. Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de 385. Janeiro, 4"]: 79-134. Pereira, E. H. L. & R. E. Reis, 1992. '-ft'mipsiliclttllys Ihcring, R. 1911. Algumas especics novas de peixes de vcstigipitlllis sp. n. (Teleostei, Siluriformes) a new d'agua dace (Nematognatha) (Corynoms, Placos­ loricariid catfish from the rio Uruguay basin, south­ 1011I liS, HcmiJJsific1Jtflys), Revta. Mus. Paul.. 8: 380­ ern Brazil. Rev. Fr. Aquariol., 18: 111-116. 404. Regan, C. T. 1920. XV - Pisces. Zoological Record 119181.. Liitken, C. 1874. Ichthyographiske Bidrag. I: Nogle nyc 55; 1-19. eller mindre fuldsteendigt kjendte Pandsermaller, Reis, R. E. & E. H. L. Pereira, 1999. Hcmipsilic111hys isaer fra del nordlige Sydamerika. Vid. Medd. Nat. IIl/dllIIiS, a new uniquely plated species of loricariid Fore. Kjobenhavn. 13: 202-220. from the rio Ararangua basin in southern 5.:,nta Miranda Ribeiro, A. 1907. Peixes do lporanga - S. Pau­ Catarina State, Brazil rreleoslei, Silurifonnes). Ich~ lo. Resultados de excursOes do Sr. Ricardo Krone, thyol. Explor. Freshwaters, 10: 45-51. membra correspondente do Museu adonal do Schaefer, S. A. 1997. The neotropical cascudinhos: sys­ Rio de Janeiro. A lavoura. 11; 185-190. tematics and biogeography of the Otoeinellis cat­ ]9]8. Hl'ltIipsilic1lfys, Eigenm. & Eigenm., e generos fishes (Siiuriformes: Loricariidae). Proc. Acad. Nat. aHiados. Rev. Soc. Bras. Sci., 2: 101-107. Sci. Phila., 148: 1-120. ]924. Ainda "Hemipsilic1lfhys" e generos alliados. Steindachner, F. 1907a. Uber eine neue Psi/ichthys-Art, Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 1; 365-366. Ps. cnmerolli aus dem Flusse Cubatao im Staate S. Miranda Ribeiro, P. 1951. Reedi,ao de algumas publi­ Catharina, Brasilien. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 44: 82· ca,6es de Alipio de Miranda Ribeiro. Arq. Mus. 85. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, 42: 37-53. 1907b. Ueber einigc Fischarten aus dem Flussc Cu­ 1953. Tipos de eSpCcies e subespecies do Prof. Ali­ batfio im Staate Santa Catharina bci Theresopolis pio de Miranda Ribeiro depositados no Museu Na­ (Brasilien). SHz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Natur­ cional (com uma rela,ao dos generos, cspCcies e wiss. Cl., 116: 475-492. subespecies descritos). Arg. Mus. Nac. Rio deJanei­ 1908. Ubcr eine im Rio Juraguci bci ]oinville im TO, 42: 389-417. Staate S. Catharina (Brasilien) vorkommcnde noch Oliveira, J. C. 1997. Redescri,ao de HemipsilichtlIys gar­ unbeschriebcne Pseudocltalcells-Arl, 0,. nffillis, sowie bei lhering, 1911, com designa,ao do lect6tipo e tiber eine neue Characinengattung und ~art, Joillvil­ comenhirios sobre a sua distribui,ao c da de Hl'mi­ fea rosne, von gleichem Fundortc. Anz. Akad. Wiss. psilichf1lys gobio (Ltitken, 1874) (Teleostci: Silurifor­ Wien, 45: 28-31. mes: Loricariidae). Pap. Avulsos Zoo!., 40: 113-126. 1911. Die Fische des Itapocti und seiner Zufltisse im Oliveira, J. C. & 0. T. Oyakawa, 1999. Two new species StaateS~Catharina (Brasilien). Ann. K. K. aturhisl. ofHemipsilichfhys (Teleostei: Loricariidae) from Scrra Hofmus. Wicn, 24: 419433. do Espinha~, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Ichthyol. Ex­ plor. Freshwatcrs, 10: 73-80. RI..'CCived 19 March 2001 ReviSt.'d 3 Dt.-ecmbcr 2001 Accepted 7 February 2002

Erratum

Pereira, E. H. L., J. C. Oliveira & O. T. Oyakawa, Page 255, the caption of Figure 5 has disappeared 2000. Hemipsiliclltllys papillatlls, a new species from the printed file. It should read; of loricariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Ichthyological Ex­ Fig. 5. Hemipsiliclltlzys gobio, UFJF 0362, male, ploration of Freshwaters, 11; 377-385. 111.6 mm SL; Brazil: Minas Gerais: ribeirao San­ tana.

Pereira & Reis; Revision of Hemipsi/iclJlhys nnd Isbrucch'richtllys

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