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Explorer Research Article [Ghosh, 5(7): July, 2014:3671-3677] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int

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Explorer Research Article [Ghosh, 5(7): July, 2014:3671-3677] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int Explorer Research Article [Ghosh, 5(7): July, 2014:3671-3677] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int. J. of Pharm. Life Sci.) Survey of Ethno-medicinal Climbing plants in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India Asutosh Ghosh Taxonomy and Biosystematics Lab, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, (WB) - India Abstract A floristic survey of ethno-medicinal climbing plants in Andaman and Nicobar Islands was conducted to assess the potentiality of plants resources for modern treatments. In the present study enumerates 116 ethno-medicinal climbing plant species belonging to 37 families used by the tribal communities of Andaman and Nicobar Islands in treatment of several indigenous diseases. Menispermaceae (9 species) is the most dominance climber family regarding health care of Andamanese. This work is an effort to present the traditional phytotherapeutical and ethnobotanical observations recorded with respect to snake bite. Key-Words: Climbing plants, tribal, ethno-medical, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Introduction The medicinal plants commonly used by the locals and Ethnobotany is the scientific study of the relationships tribes, those found in the forests and surroundings. An that exists between people and plants. In India, there appropriate dosage to prepare drug from different parts are about 54 million indigenous people of different of plant body like root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruits, ethnic groups inhibiting various terrains. Over 16,000 barks, seed, rhizomes, bulbs, tubers are prescribed as a species of higher plants occur in India, of which remedy to treat different kind of diseases and disorders. approximately 9,000 are known to be economically A considerable number of studies have been published useful. Of these, 7500 are used for healthcare by on the ethnobotany and ethnomedicine of many tribal various ethnic communities in India (Arora, 1997). groups in different regions of Andaman Islands Ghosh and Mukherjee (2006) recorded 149 herbaceous (Bhargava, 1983; Chakraborty and Vasudeva, 1988; climbers and 79 lianas from North Andaman covering Dagar, 1989; Dagar and Dager, 1991; Sheeja, et al., 55 families while Mahajan (2006) reported 31 taxa 2001; Ghosh, 2014a, Ghosh, 2014b). No used by tribal people of Nimar region (M.P.) to cure comprehensive work is available for climbers in the various human ailments. According to M. Ajaib et al., study area. Therefore, the objective of the present study (2012), the local people of District Kotli, Azad Jammu was to document the angiospermic climbers of & Kashmir use 36 climbers/twinners of vascular plants Andaman and Nicobar Islands and their uses by tribe for medicines, vegetables and fodder; 42 climbing and local people of the area. species use by local people of Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh Material and Methods (Agarwal, 2013). The Andaman and Nicobar islands, a landmass of 572 Andaman and Nicobar Islands are considered to be a islands, isles, rocks and reefs, about 1200 km from the hot spot of biodiversity of medicinal plants. Diversity mainland India, is located between the latitude of 6° to of climbing flora of North Andaman Islands was 14° N and longitude of 92° to 94° E, covering an area surveyed by Ghosh (2012). Out of 2500 angiospermic of 8249 km2 and it covers South, Middle, North, Little species distributed across the island territory, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. aboriginalas, viz, Nicobarese, Shompen, Jarawas, The present work is the outcome of extensive field Sentinels, Ongese and Great Andamanese use 52 survey during 2002-2005, at different corners of the species as mediciaments (Das, et al., 2006). Islands; as many climbing species could be identified which are used to treatment of sexual disorders (Ghosh, * Corresponding Author 2014a), snake bite (Ghosh, 2014b), and several other E-mail: [email protected] diseases of the tribal people (Nicobarese, Shompen, Mob.: +91-9432241496 Jarawas, and Great Andamanese). Interview based field study and guided field work was done; also information gathered by literature (Bhargava, 1983; © Sakun Publishing House (SPH): IJPLS 3671 Explorer Research Article [Ghosh, 5(7): July, 2014:3671-3677] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 Chakraborty and Vasudeva, 1988; Dagar, 1989; Dagar Journal of Pharmacy and Life Sciences 4(9): and Dager, 1991). Information about the medicinal 2957-2962. uses of those climbing plants was also collected from 2. Arora, R. K. (1997). Ethnobotany and its role the tribal people inhibiting these islands. in the conservation and use of Plant Genetic The method, which are used to collect the data: Resources in India. Ethnobotany 9: 6-15. (a). Plants were collected and preserved in the form of 3. Bhargava, N. (1983). Ethnobotanical studies of herbarium (Jain and Rao, 1976) and were deposited at the tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the CU Herbarium. India. Econ Bot. 37 (1) 110-119. (b). The information was collected from the old 4. Chakraborty, T. and Vasudeva Rao, M.K. persons of the area. (1988). Ethnobotanical studies of the shompen (c). Interviews were conducted during structured of Great Nicobar Islands. J. Econ Taxon Bot, questionnaire prepared for traditional medicinal 12 43-45. Practitioners. 5. Dagar, H.S. (1989). Plant flok medicines (d). Plants were identified and nomenclature with the among Nicobarese tribal of Car Nicobar help of published flora (Perkinson, 1923; Hooker, Islands, India. Econ Bot. 43 215-224. 1872-1885; Gamble & Fisher, 1921-1935; Mathew, 6. Dagar, H.S. and Dagar, J.C. (1991). Plant flok 1991). medicines among the Nicobarese of Katchal Results and Discussion Islands, India. Econ Bot. 45 114-119. The data on medicinal climbing plants was collected 7. Das, S., Sheeja, T.E. and Mandal, A. (2006). from tribal, local people were analyzed. The Ethnomedicinal uses of certain plants from Bay enumeration and utilization of these are described in Islands. Indian Journal of Traditional Table 1. The present study revealed the information of Knowledge. 5: 207-211. plants used for the treatment of several disorders. 8. Gamble and Fisher (1921-1935). Flora of These plants are arranged in alphabetical order; with Presidency of Madras. Vol. 1-3, Adlard and their family, part/ parts used and folk use. Son Ltd., London. 1-2017. 13. Nair NC, Henry In the present investigation 116 species of medicinal AN. climbing plants belongs to 37 families, total 78 genera 9. Ghosh, A. and Mukherjee, P.K. 2006. were used for the treatment of different diseases. Out Diversity of Climbers and Lianas of North of the 37 families 6 were belongs to monocotyledons Andaman. National Conference on Forest and 30 families were dicotyledons. The major plant BiodiversityResourse: Exploration, families used by the tribals and local peoples for their Coservation and management. Madurai Kamraj health care are Menispermaceae (9 species), followed Univ., Madurai. by Convolvaceae, Papilionaceae, and Vitaceae (8 10. Ghosh, A. (2012). Diversity of Climber and species). Liana of North Andaman with special The high degree of consensus among the information reference to ecology. PhD Thesis, University suggests that the knowledge about the plants used in of Calcutta. several day-to-day life to cure various diseases are still 11. Ghosh, A. (2014a). Climbing plants used to strong. Thus studies exploring pharmacopoeia of cure some gynaecological disorders by tribal unrelated cultures for plants treating specific medical people of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. conditions present one way of validating anecdotal International Journal of Pharmacy and Life field reports, corroborating and selecting promising Sciences 5(5): 3531-3533. lead plants and conservation of potentially threatened 12. Ghosh, A. (2014b). Traditional Phytotherapy species. treatment for snakebite by tribal people of Acknowledgement Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Indian J. The financial assistance from DBT-DOS is dually of Fundamental and Applied Life Sci. (press). acknowledged. Special thanks are due to Prof. P.K. 13. Hooker, J.D. (1872-1897). The Flora of Mukherjee, Chandana Ghosh, Dept. Botany, Calcutta British India, vol. I- VII. L.Reeve & University for their valuable comments, Co.London. encouragement and the tribal people, those who shared 14. Jain, S.K. and Rao, R.R. (1976). A Handbook the valuable traditional knowledge to us. of field and Herbarium methods. Today and References tomorrows Printers and Publishers. New Delhi, 1. Agrawal, P. (2013). Study of useful climbers of India. Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. International © Sakun Publishing House (SPH): IJPLS 3672 Explorer Research Article [Ghosh, 5(7): July, 2014:3671-3677] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 15. Mahajan, S.K. (2006). An Ethnobotanical 17. M. Matthew, K.M. (1991). An excursion flora Survey of climbers reported from Nimar of central Tamil Nadu. India. New Delhi. Region of Madhy Pradesh. National Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. Conference on Forest Biodiversity Resourse: 18. Parkinson, C.E. (1923). A forest flora of the Exploration, Coservation and management. Andaman Islands, Govt. of India Press, Shimla. Madurai Kamraj Univ., Madurai. India 16. Mohammad, Ajaib, Zaheer-ul-Din Khan and 19. Sheeja, T.E., Chattopadhayay, D. and Mandal, Mohammad Faheem Siddiqui.(2012). A.B. (2001). A glimpse on medicinal plants of Ethnobotanical study of useful Andaman and Nicobar Islands with special climbers/twiners of District Kotli, Azad Jammu reference to endemic and extra Indian taxa, & Kashmir. Int.J.Biol.Biotech 9(4):421-427.
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