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297 Consideration of Islamic Values in the Educational Policies of Pakistan

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297 Consideration of Islamic Values in the Educational Policies of Pakistan ISSN 2240‐0524 Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol. 2 (1) January 2012 Consideration of Islamic Values in the Educational Policies of Pakistan Dr. Waqar-un-Nisa Faizi Associate Professor, Department of Education, Jinnah University for Women Karachi, Pakistan Email: [email protected] Dr. Anila Fatima Shakil Associate Professor, Department of Education, Jinnah University for Women Karachi, Pakistan Email: [email protected] Dr. Sajjad Hayat Akhtar Head Master, Govt Middle School Tambulak Mardan Email: [email protected] Doi: 10.5901/jesr.2012.02.01.297 Abstract Educational policies are made in any country to enable the system of education more effective according to the needs of time. In these all policies and planes some basic points are considered to maintain the required standard of education. Being an Islamic country Pakistan always considered the religious aspect as the basic element while preparing any policy. This study aimed to give an overview of all educational policies from the very start 1947 to the current educational policy of 2009. By observing these policies the fact comes before us that these all have some attractive recommendations for providing knowledge about Islamic values to the students, but unfortunately they are always remained in paper shape and practical steps are not taken for implementation. As a result we observed the students who are almost fruitless from Islamic knowledge. So through this study in the light of the conclusions it was recommended that there should not only made effective educational policies for upgrading our educational system but special focus should be given to provide perfect and effective Islamic awareness to the students especially at secondary level when many changes occurred among individual, and this awareness is essential for best moral training of students. Key words: Education, Policies, Islamic values, secondary level, moral training 1. Introduction An educational policy and planning is essential for providing a strong base to any educational set up. Being an Islamic state Pakistan had to prepare that type of educational policy since independence which hold complete Islamic colour, because the people of Ind-o-pak subcontinent demanded Pakistan or a separate state only for the sake of Islam that they could laid their lives according to the principles and values of Islam. The people who did struggle and gave sacrifices by their wealth as well as by their lives, they got unity only by the strength of religion. So it was expected that social and educational system of Pakistan should be according to Islamic way of life, but this dream did not come true even after the 62 years of its creation. To Islamizing the educational system is discussed so frequently but there were no practical steps taken for this purpose. From the establishment of Pakistan till now there were so many educational policies made by educational experts and different Governments. In all policies these points are given importance which can be showed by the mean of following figure. 297 ISSN 2240‐0524 Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol. 2 (1) January 2012 Primary Education Religious Education Higher Education EDUCATIONAL Secondary Education POLICY Technical Education Professional Education In all educational policies there were so many recommendations given to make educational system according to Islamic values. If we observe the educational history of Pakistan, then we come to know that almost in all educational policies in spite of the difference of facts and figures the suggestions were in full support for Islamizing the educational system. But due to different reasons these policies could not get practical approach. Professor Muti Ur Rehman (1984) observed this miserable condition in special perspective and said: “ From first educational conference till now , at government level for changing the educational system there were so many educational commissions, committees, conferences, boards, plans and policies been established but infect they became result less. The distribution of religious and non-religious subjects still exists. Although at degree level the teaching of Islamiyat and theory of Pakistan is considered compulsory but the total outcome of our all literary curriculum is still non-religious. In spite of this inner opposition the distribution of Madrasahs, Maktabs and common educational institutions are also seen in our society.” 2. The Theoretical Basis of National Educational Policies Before discussing the struggle of Islamizing the education in Pakistan, we have to observe first that how much steps are taken by the means of educational policies individually to isolate the education with theory of Pakistan and which suggestions and recommendations are given for this purpose. In these policies the points related to Islamic education and theory of Pakistan are discussed as follows: 2.1 The First Educational Conference 1947 First educational conference was held from 27th November to 1st December 1947, soon after establishment of Pakistan. This became a base for educational system of Pakistan. On this base the building of future policies has been built up. The basic aim of this conference was to suggest that educational system which would not only isolate with Islamic theory of life but it can fulfill the needs and requirements of new born country. This conference was the actual framework of Quaid-e-Azam’s message given on 11th October 1947, in which he said, “Pakistan is a solid reality for which we did struggle for the last 10 years. One thing must be clear in our minds that the establishment of this state is not only our goal but it is only a source of achieving goal. It was thought that we should have a state in which we could achieve progress according to our traditional and civilized qualities and in which achievement of free practical opportunities for Islamic justice and equality could be possible. 298 ISSN 2240‐0524 Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol. 2 (1) January 2012 The minister of education Fazal Ur Rehman read the message of Quaid-e-Azam at the begging of conference, which was: “We were almost one hundred years under control of westerns. During that time the right attention was not given to the education of Muslims. Now if we want solid, real and fast progress, we will have to give frequent attention to the problem of education and while preparing our policy program, we have to consider international modern changes and requirements besides the public needs, Islamic history and civilization. Undoubtedly our future depends upon the nature of education which we will give to our children. So that they can became good citizens of future Pakistan. Side by side we have to organize the character of our future generation. We have to provide that education by which they can get the qualities of self respect, sense of responsibility and doing selfless national duty. They can also get perfection in different fields and can increase the honour of their country.” (Government of Pakistan, Proceedings of Pakistan educational conference 1947, pg 5) Professor Hameed Ahmed Khan (1972) writes the important recommendations of the first educational conference: “The base of our educational system should be laid on Islamic values. For this purpose the unity of human beings, hurriedly and social justice should be specially considered.” Mr. Fazal Ur Rehman gave a complete speech at this occasion. In the beginning of his speech he gave a lot of stress to Islamize the educational system and said: “Our educational policy should be according to modern requirements and also reflects those ideas which are the real bias of the creation of Pakistan. We will have to change the Pakistan into that democratic state, which citizens have the physical, intellectual and moral qualities to lay a good life and for this purpose we will have to get benefits from Islamic values and civilization. Our educational system will have to get guideline from Islamic principles. It is only Islam in throughout school of thoughts which presents a complete code of human sympathy and unity. Without moral and spiritual training scientific progress can be harmful for humanity.” (Government of Pakistan, Proceedings of Pakistan educational conference 1947, pg 6-8) In this conference ten sub committees presented its suggestions which were compiled in the shape of twenty four resolutions. Two of them are related to isolate Pakistani educational system with Islamic theory of life. They are, (1) It is decided that Pakistan educational system will be isolated with Islamic theory of life which reflects the qualities of unity, hurriedly and justice. (2) It is decided that in schools for Muslim students religious education will be compulsory. In the same way for Muslim students in colleges, attendance in religious education period will be necessary. The students of other religions will get the same benefits. (Government of Pakistan, Proceedings of Pakistan educational conference 1947, pg 44) The recommendations of conference reflect that its first work is to decide that which philosophical bias is necessary for the educational system of new born country. And definitely the decisions of the participants of conference and Pakistani public were in favor of Islamic school of thought. In the result of these decisions, all coming educational commissions could not deny the importance of Islamic system of philosophy and Islamic theory of life in future educational planes. 2.2 National Educational Commission 1959 During the government of Muhammad Ayyub Khan on 3rd December 1958 a commission was set under the supervision of Syed Muhammad Sharif. The aim of that commission was to present some suggestions for 299 ISSN 2240‐0524 Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol. 2 (1) January 2012 reformation of Pakistani educational system. Commission presented its report in August 1959. The important characteristic of that report was presenting a complete and formal educational procedure by our educational experts.
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