DOCSLIB.ORG

Introgression Across Evolutionary Scales Suggests Reticulation Contributes to Amazonian Tree Diversity

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Introgression Across Evolutionary Scales Suggests Reticulation Contributes to Amazonian Tree Diversity Supplemental Information for: Introgression across evolutionary scales suggests reticulation contributes to Amazonian tree diversity Rowan J. Schley, R. Toby Pennington, Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar, Andrew J. Helmstetter, Manuel de la Estrella, Isabel Larridon, Izai Alberto Bruno Sabino Kikuchi, Timothy Barraclough, Félix Forest, and Bente Klitgård Table of Contents: Fig. S1 Page 2 Fig. S2 Page 3 Fig. S3 Page 4 Fig. S4 Page 5 Fig. S5 Page 8 Table S1 Page 10 Table S2 Page 13 Table S3 Page 18 Methods S1 Page 19 Methods S2 Page 23 1 Fig. S1 PhyParts analysis based on the ASTRAL species tree, inferred from RAxML gene trees using the multi-species coalescent model. Pie charts at nodes show the number of gene trees with a congruent topology at a node (blue segments), the number which support a single alternate topology (green segments), the number which support all other conflicting bipartitions (red segments) and how many gene trees were uninformative at the node (grey segments). Numbers above branches show how many gene trees were congruent at a node, whereas numbers below branches show the number of conflicting gene trees at a node. 2 Fig. S2 Negative log pseudolikelihood profile for each number of hybridization events inferred using SNaQ!. The best-fitting number of hybridization events (h) is displayed as the value at which the rate of change in -log pseudolikelihood plateaus, which in this case was h=2. 3 Fig. S3 SPLITSTREE built using uncorrelated P distances based on the full dataset for all genotyped individuals. The three coloured zones represent groupings of the two species (B. jaramilloi and B. grandiceps) as well as hybrid individuals. Groupings in the coloured zones were defined based on the clustering apparent in this plot, not on the species delimitations present in Table S4. 4 Fig. S4 A) Difference in marginal likelihoods between sequential numbers of population clusters (K), as estimated by FastSTRUCTURE. The best value of K results in the largest increase in marginal likelihood (in this case, K=2). B) fastSTRUCTURE plots generated using different values of estimated clusters (K=3 to K=5). This plot indicates ancestry proportions from K inferred population clusters. Each individual accession is represented by a column, and the proportion of ancestry from each inferred population is proportional to the length of different coloured bars in each column. C) fastSTRUCTURE plot incorporating 40 individuals from each of the two species under study in order to reduce error associated with different sample sizes. This plot indicates ancestry proportions from K = 2 population clusters (which are, in this case, different species: B. grandiceps and B. jaramilloi). Each individual accession is represented by a column, and the proportion of ancestry from either species is proportional to the length of different coloured bars in each column. A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 Fig. S5 Assessment of MCMC chain mixing for runs used to make posterior estimates for the α and β parameters in bgc. A) Log-likelihood plot, showing log-likelihood plotted against number of MCMC iterations. B) Histogram of Geweke’s diagnostics for the MCMC chains used to estimate the α parameter, with the significance cut-offs for the Geweke’s diagnostic (Z = +/- 1.96) shown by blue dashed lines. C) Histogram of Geweke’s diagnostics for the MCMC chains used to estimate the β parameter, with the significance cut-offs for the Geweke’s diagnostic (Z = +/- 1.96) shown by blue dashed lines. 8 9 Table S1 DNA numbers, species identifications, sampled vouchers, collector information and collection localities for Brownea species (and Brownea clade outgroup species) used in this study. Herbaria from which accessions were collected are cited after the collector name and number. Outgroup taxa are marked with an asterisk (*). DNA Identification Voucher Collection locality Number Iganci 886 S1 Macrolobium discolor Benth.* Brazil (MO) Edwards 328 S2 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Aragua, Venezuela (K) Macrolobium montanum var. Andel 5548 S3 Suriname potaroanum R.S. Cowan* (K) Macrolobium colombianum (Britton & Klitgaard 682 S4 Napo, Ecuador Killip) Killip ex L. Uribe* (K) Klitgaard 99504 S5 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Napo, Ecuador (AAU) Iganci 875 S6 Heterostemon mimosoides Desf.* Brazil (MO) Klitgaard 662 S7 Brownea jaramilloi A.J. Pérez & Klitg. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (K) Daly 6167 S8 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Rio Marañon, Loreto, Peru (NY) Edwards 372 S18 Brownea coccinea Jacq. Aragua, Venezuela (K) Brownea coccinea subsp. coccinea Steyermark 126503 S19 Morrocoy, Venezuela Jacq. (K) Brownea coccinea subsp. capitella Clark 6062 S20 Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Guyana (Jacq.) D. Velazquez (K) Pennington 15642 S21 Brownea multijuga Britton & Killip Pichincha, Ecuador (K) Trujillo 19314 S22 Brownea coccinea Jacq. Falcon, Venezuela (K) Brownea coccinea subsp. capitella Gutierrez S23 Venezuela (Jacq.) D. Velazquez (K) Marshall 392 S24 Macrolobium herrerae Zarucchi* Izabal, Guatemala (K) Macrolobium parvifolium (Huber) R.S. de Lima 6814 S25 Acre, Brazil Cowan* (K) Macrolobium longipedicellatum de Lima 2790 S26 Amazonas, Brazil Ducke* (K) Martins 54 S27 Paloue speciosa (Ducke) Redden* Amazonas, Brazil (K) Paloue princeps (Schomb. Ex Benth.) Sabatier S28 French Guiana Redden* (K) Klitgaard 684 S29 Browneopsis ucayalina Huber* Morona-Santiago, Ecuador (K) Klitgaard Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, S30 Brownea longipedicellata Huber (Silica) Brazil 10 Villa 1645 S31 Brownea jaramilloi A.J. Pérez & Klitg. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (MO) Valencia 68473 S32 Brownea ariza Benth. Sucumbios, Ecuador (AAU) Browneopsis peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Castro MHT-01_2 S33 Peru Klitg.* (Silica) Baker HD1402 S34 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Ecuador (Silica) Brownea coccinea subsp. capitella Hollowell 485 Hossororo, Barima-Waini, S35 (Jacq.) D. Velazquez (US) Guyana Klitgaard 67032 S36 Browneopsis disepala (Little) Klitg.* Rio Palenque, Los Rios, Ecuador (AAU) Villa 1855 S37 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (Silica) Villa 747 S38 Brownea "rosada" Jacq. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (MO) Villa 1866 S39 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (Silica) Villa 1859 S40 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (Silica) Villa 1868 S41 Brownea "rosada" Jacq. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (Silica) Villa 1609 S42 Brownea jaramilloi A.J. Pérez & Klitg. Yasuní, Napo, Ecuador (MO) Killip 34351 S43 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Meta, Colombia (MO) Brownea coccinea subsp. capitella Maguire 46987 S44 El Foco, Bolivar, Venezuela (Jacq.) D. Velazquez (NY) Brownea coccinea subsp. capitella Gentry 14773 S45 Los Caracas, Venezuela (Jacq.) D. Velazquez (NY) Brownea coccinea subsp. coccinea Gonzalez 29 S46 Churuguara-coro, Venezuela Jacq. (US) Villa 2004 Joya de los Sachas, Succumbios, S47 Brownea macrophylla hort. Ex Mast. (K) Ecuador Brownea coccinea subsp. angustiflora Klitgaard 99488 S48 Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Little) Klitg. (AAU) Polak 44 S50 Brownea latifolia Jacq. Guyana (K) Hoffman 2656 S51 Brownea latifolia Jacq. Pomeroon-Supenaam, Guyana (US) Brownea coccinea subsp. angustiflora Klitgaard 67044 S52 Esmeraldas, Ecuador (Little) Klitg. (AAU) Philcox 8078 S53 Brownea latifolia Jacq. Trinidad (K) Dorr 7792 S57 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Barinas, Venezuela (NY) Brownea tillettiana D. Velásquez & G. Davidse 18640 S60 Perija, Venezuela Agostini (NY) Garcia-Barriga 17222 S64 Brownea enricii L.M. Quiñones Boyaca, Colombia (US) Gentry 15470 S65 Brownea coccinea Jacq. Cimitarra, Santander, Colombia (NY) 11 Callejas 3209 S66 Brownea rosa-de-monte P.J. Bergius Antioquia, Colombia (NY) Duke 11126 (3) S67 Brownea rosa-de-monte P.J. Bergius Rio Truando, Choco, Colombia (NY) Callejas 4503 S68 Brownea santanderensis L.M. Quiñones Antioquia, Colombia (NY) Stern 180 S71 Brownea stenantha Britton & Killip Paya, Darien, Panama (US) Berry 5413 S72 Brownea multijuga Britton & Killip Darien, Panama (NY) Klitgaard 1802 S74 Brownea macrophylla hort. ex. Mast. Boyaca, Colombia (K) Birschel s.n. S76 Brownea birschelli Hook. F. Rio de La Guaira, Venezuela (K) Schunke 0011 S77 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. (USM 14269) Maynas, Peru (K) Pennell 4698 S79 Brownea stenantha Britton & Killip Rio Sinu, Bolivar, Colombia (K) Little 6281 S80 Brownea puberula Little Esmeraldas, Ecuador (K) Killip 37047 S81 Brownea leucantha Jacq. Miranda, Venezuela (K) Brownea cf. santanderensis L.M. Klitgaard 1800 S87 Boyaca, Colombia Quiñones (K) Browneopsis cauliflora (Poepp.) Klug 4163 S88 San Martin, Peru Huber* (K) Haught 4788 S89 Brownea stenantha Britton & Killip Antioquia, Colombia (K) Hanbury-Tracy 509 Sierra de Santa Marta, S90 Brownea ariza Benth. (K) Magdalena, Colombia Allen 931 S91 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Panama province, Panama (K) Dawe 883 S92 Brownea multijuga Britton & Killip Darien, Colombia (K) Fendler 340 Colonia Tovar, Aragua, S93 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. (K) Venezuela Grandez 1625 S94 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Loreto, Peru (K) Fonnegra 8088 S96 Brownea santanderensis L.M. Quiñones Santander, Colombia (K) Castellanos 448 S97 Brownea santanderensis L.M. Quiñones Santander, Colombia (K) Whitmore 885 S100 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Napo/Pastaza, Ecuador (K) Edwards 327 S101 Brownea grandiceps Jacq. Aragua, Venezuela (K) Diaz 4228 S103 Browneopsis ucayalina Huber* Amazonas, Peru (K) Fuchs 22384 S104 Brownea chocoana (L.M. Quiñones) Choco, Colombia (K) 12 Table S2 DNA numbers, species, coordinates for subplots, tree tag and habitat type for individuals of B. grandiceps, B. jaramilloi and B. “rosada” collected from the 50-hectare forest plot in Yasuní National Park, Ecuador. The ‘Subplot X’ and ‘Subplot
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
    A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.
    [Show full text]
  • Combined Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Interfamilial Relationships and Patterns of floral Evolution in the Eudicot Order Fabales
    Cladistics Cladistics 1 (2012) 1–29 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00392.x Combined phylogenetic analyses reveal interfamilial relationships and patterns of floral evolution in the eudicot order Fabales M. Ange´ lica Belloa,b,c,*, Paula J. Rudallb and Julie A. Hawkinsa aSchool of Biological Sciences, Lyle Tower, the University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6BX, UK; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, UK; cReal Jardı´n Bota´nico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, CP 28014 Madrid, Spain Accepted 5 January 2012 Abstract Relationships between the four families placed in the angiosperm order Fabales (Leguminosae, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, Surianaceae) were hitherto poorly resolved. We combine published molecular data for the chloroplast regions matK and rbcL with 66 morphological characters surveyed for 73 ingroup and two outgroup species, and use Parsimony and Bayesian approaches to explore matrices with different missing data. All combined analyses using Parsimony recovered the topology Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). Bayesian analyses with matched morphological and molecular sampling recover the same topology, but analyses based on other data recover a different Bayesian topology: ((Polygalaceae + Leguminosae) (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). We explore the evolution of floral characters in the context of the more consistent topology: Polygalaceae (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae)). This reveals synapomorphies for (Leguminosae (Quillajaceae + Suri- anaceae)) as the presence of free filaments and marginal ⁄ ventral placentation, for (Quillajaceae + Surianaceae) as pentamery and apocarpy, and for Leguminosae the presence of an abaxial median sepal and unicarpellate gynoecium. An octamerous androecium is synapomorphic for Polygalaceae. The development of papilionate flowers, and the evolutionary context in which these phenotypes appeared in Leguminosae and Polygalaceae, shows that the morphologies are convergent rather than synapomorphic within Fabales.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants As Potential Hemostatic Agents
    J Pharm Pharm Sci (www.cspsCanada.org) 23, 11 - 23, 2020 Medicinal Plants as Potential Hemostatic Agents Fatemeh Ebrahimia, Mohammadali Torbatib,a, Javad Mahmoudic, Hadi Valizadehd a School of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. b Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. c Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. d Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Received, October 31, 2019; Revised, November 15, 2019; Accepted, January 31, 2020; Published, February 2, 2020. ABSTRACT - Purpose: Medicinal plants with a variety of phytochemical ingredients remain a potential source for new drug discovery. The use of medicinal herbs in a wide range of diseases and symptoms, such as bleeding, is prevalent in traditional and ethno medicine worldwide. Thus, this work provides a comprehensive review of medicinal plants or their isolated compounds, with respect to their ethno-medicinal use, which have demonstrated the stimulating effect on the hemostasis process. Methods: The relevant studies were withdrawn from electronic databases including Pubmed, EMBASE and Web of Science with a structured search methodology. Results: The total of 17 medicinal plants with hemostatic activity were extracted. The most frequently studied plant families were Compositae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae. Bioactive compounds exerting hemostatic activity included tannins, iridoid glycosides, glycoconjugate, lignan, saponins and phenolic compounds. The most attributed mechanisms include coagulation stimulation via increasing the factor XII activity and plasma fibrinogen levels, the fibrinolysis inhibition, vascular or smooth muscle constriction and platelet aggregation. The most important adverse effects of high dose extract or isolated compounds administration were hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
    [Show full text]
  • TAXON:Platymiscium Pinnatum SCORE:0.0 RATING:Low Risk
    TAXON: Platymiscium pinnatum SCORE: 0.0 RATING: Low Risk Taxon: Platymiscium pinnatum Family: Fabaceae Common Name(s): granadillo Synonym(s): Amerimnon latifolium Willd. hormigo Amerimnon pinnatum Jacq. Panama redwood Platymiscium polystachyum Benth. ex Seem. quira roble Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 19 Oct 2015 WRA Score: 0.0 Designation: L Rating: Low Risk Keywords: Tropical Tree, Timber Source, Unarmed, Shade-Tolerant, Wind-Dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed 401 Produces spines,
    [Show full text]
  • Florilegium-Species-List.Pdf
    ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN EDINBURGH FLORILEGIUM: List of Plants Notes Plants chosen for their association with RBGE, by name or its staff; their particular value in a glasshouse; their scientific value; or horticultural value. Some subjects are in commercial cultivation and can be obtained from nurseries. Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) is a National Collection at RBGE. Members of the Zingiberaceae are subjects of ongoing scientific research at RBGE. It is possible many subjects can be found in other botanic gardens in other parts of the world. If painting in areas where the subject is distributed in the wild, it is strongly encouraged that you consult with your local botany authorities first. Artists wishing to take on any on the list are asked to let the Artist Coordinator know Sarah Howard [email protected] She will direct you to a member of RBGE staff, who will be happy to help you with specimens, descriptions etc. Facilities are being made available at RBGE for artists painting their subject in UK. Species Family Distribution Comment Aeschynanthus burtii Mendum Gesneriaceae Sulawesi Collection and naming reflects 3 generations RBGE staff Aeschynanthus mendumiae D.J. Gesneriaceae South Asia Named after former RBGE Botanist and Botanical Middleton artist Dr.Mary Mendum Aeschylanthus citrinus Gesneriaceae Sulawesi Unusual yellow flower. Only cultivated at RBGE Mendum&S.Scott Agathis australis Araucariaceae New Zealand In Temperate Lands glasshouse RBGE Archontophoenix cunninghamae Aracaceae Australia In Temperate Palm House, RBGE Argyranthemum ‘Logan Pompom’ Compositae Logan Botanic Garden?? Beaucarnea recurvate Asparagaceae Eastern Mexico In RBGE Arid House. ‘Ponytail Palm’ Begonia mendumae M.Hughes Begoniaceae Sulawesi Named after former RBGE Botanist and Botanical artist Dr.Mary Mendum Begonia stevei M.Hughes Begoniaceae Sulawesi Named After Steve Scott former RBGE Horticulturist?? Betula utilis D.Don var.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes
    Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes John McLaughlin, Carlos Balerdi and Marguerite Beckford1 The current trend toward smaller yards (e.g., zero lot lines) signifies the need for adjustments in the way we use and landscape our yards. For nonpermanent items such as flowering annuals and vegetables this could mean greater use of raised beds (e.g., French intensive or square foot for vegetables), containers and decorative stone planters. The latter are especially useful for many perennial plants. W hen it comes to choosing shrubs and especially trees, greater care needs to be exercised in the items selected and where they are placed. W hat seemed to be an ideal choice in the nursery may quickly grow and become out of scale for a small yard, if not an expensive liability. One solution is to choose those shrubs and small trees (including fruit trees) that can be grown in large tubs, and this is an option especially suited to houses with large patios. Indeed given the alkaline nature of much of Miami-Dade’s soil, this is a useful alternative for plants such as camellias and dwarf magnolias (e.g., ‘Little Gem’) irrespective of yard size. It is possible however, to include trees as part of your permanent in-ground landscaping even where there is limited space for planting. There are many different types of trees that can be safely planted in a small yard and provide shade and/or ornamental appeal. In addition a number of shrubs, such as hibiscus and oleander, are available as standards (usually grafted and grown with a single approximately 5’ bare trunk), and these can substitute for a small tree.
    [Show full text]
  • Introgression Across Evolutionary Scales Suggests Reticulation
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.12.873927; this version posted March 18, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Introgression across evolutionary scales suggests reticulation 2 contributes to Amazonian tree diversity 3 Running title: Reticulate evolution in Amazonian trees 4 Rowan J. Schley1,2*, R. Toby Pennington3,4, Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar1, Andrew J. Helmstetter5, 5 Manuel de la Estrella6, Isabel Larridon1,7, Izai Alberto Bruno Sabino Kikuchi1,8, 6 Timothy Barraclough2, Félix Forest1, and Bente Klitgård1 7 8 1Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK 9 2Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, UK, SL5 7PY 10 3 Geography, University of Exeter, Laver Building, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QE 11 4Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR 12 5Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France. 13 6Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, 14 14071, Córdoba, Spain 15 7 Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Lab, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Gent, Belgium 16 8Universiteit Leiden, Hortus botanicus Leiden, PO Box 9500, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands 17 18 *Corresponding author at: Room E.2.6, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK 19 E-mail address: [email protected] (R.
    [Show full text]
  • A Census of the Tree Species in The
    IndianJ.Sci.Res.7(1):67-75,2016 ISSN:0976-2876(Print) ISSN:2250-0138(Online) A CENSUSOF THE TREESPECIESIN THEGOLAPBAGCAMPUSOF BURDWAN UNIVERSITY, WEST BENGAL (INDIA) WITH THEIRIUCNREDLIST STATUS AND CARBONSEQUESTRATIONPOTENTIAL OF SOMESELECTEDSPECIES SHARMISTHA GANGULYa1 AND AMBARISHMUKHERJEEb aUGCCASDepartmentofBotany,UniversityofBurdwan,Burdwan, WestBengal,India ABSTRACT The present census brings out an inventory of tree species in the Golapbag campus of The University of Burdwan, Burdwan in the West Bengal State of India.As many as 91 species belonging to 82 genera of 39 families, of which of which 85 species of 76 genera representing 38 families are dicotyledonous and 6 species of one family( Arecaceae) are monocotyledonous, could be included in the checklist thus prepared. Many of these species are botanically interesting, attractive and potentially sources of various phytoresources and aesthetic pleasure. The IUCN Red List status of each of these species was determined. Six of the dominating species were worked to reveal their carbon sequestration potential with an objective to find their utilitarian value in landscape designing for aesthetic rejuvenation and environmental optimization. It was found that Ficus benghalensis is the best of the lot in Carbon sequestration being successively followed byMimusops elengi , Roystonia regia , Senna siamea , Dalbergia lanceolariaand Cassia fistula . Thus, it can be concluded that the trees composing the campus flora needs to be protected and some of them can well be chosen for further evaluation
    [Show full text]
  • History and Geography of Neotropical Tree Diversity
    ES50CH13_Dick ARjats.cls October 21, 2019 12:57 Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics History and Geography of Neotropical Tree Diversity Christopher W. Dick1,2 and R. Toby Pennington3,4 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; email: [email protected] 2Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama 3Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QE, United Kingdom; email: [email protected] 4Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2019. 50:279–301 Keywords First published as a Review in Advance on tropical forest, savanna, Great American Biotic Interchange, GABI, August 12, 2019 Pleistocene refuge theory, PRT, long-distance dispersal, LDD, community The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and assembly Systematics is online at ecolsys.annualreviews.org https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110617- Abstract 062314 Early botanical explorers invoked biogeographic history to explain the re- Access provided by CASA Institution Identity on 11/06/19. For personal use only. Copyright © 2019 by Annual Reviews. markable tree diversity of Neotropical forests. In this context, we review the Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2019.50:279-301. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org All rights reserved history of Neotropical tree diversity over the past 100 million years, focusing on biomes with significant tree diversity. We evaluate hypotheses for rain forest origins, intercontinental disjunctions, and models of Neotropical tree diversification. To assess the impact of biotic interchange on the Amazon tree flora, we examined biogeographic histories of trees in Ecuador’s Yasuní Forest, which suggest that nearly 50% of its species descend from immigrant lineages that colonized South America during the Cenozoic.
    [Show full text]
  • Introgression Across Evolutionary Scales Suggests Reticulation Contributes to Amazonian Tree Diversity
    Received: 11 March 2020 | Revised: 14 August 2020 | Accepted: 17 August 2020 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15616 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Introgression across evolutionary scales suggests reticulation contributes to Amazonian tree diversity Rowan J. Schley1,2 | R. Toby Pennington3,4 | Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar1 | Andrew J. Helmstetter5 | Manuel de la Estrella6 | Isabel Larridon1,7 | Izai Alberto Bruno Sabino Kikuchi1,8 | Timothy G. Barraclough2,9 | Félix Forest1 | Bente Klitgård1 1Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK Abstract 2Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire, London, Hybridization has the potential to generate or homogenize biodiversity and is a par- UK ticularly common phenomenon in plants, with an estimated 25% of plant species un- 3Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK dergoing interspecific gene flow. However, hybridization in Amazonia's megadiverse 4Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK tree flora was assumed to be extremely rare despite extensive sympatry between 5Institut de Recherche pour le closely related species, and its role in diversification remains enigmatic because it Développement (IRD), UMR-DIADE, has not yet been examined empirically. Using members of a dominant Amazonian Montpellier, France 6Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y tree family (Brownea, Fabaceae) as a model to address this knowledge gap, our study Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, recovered extensive evidence of hybridization among multiple lineages across phylo- Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain genetic scales. More specifically, using targeted sequence capture our results uncov- 7Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Lab, Department of Biology, Ghent University, ered several historical introgression events between Brownea lineages and indicated K.L, Gent, Belgium that gene tree incongruence in Brownea is best explained by reticulation, rather than 8Universiteit Leiden, Hortus botanicus Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands solely by incomplete lineage sorting.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversification and the Patterns of Introgression in a Clade Of
    Diversification and the patterns of introgression in a clade of Neotropical trees Rowan John Schley A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences 1 Thesis abstract The evolutionary processes that led to the assembly of the diverse Neotropical tree flora are complex and poorly understood. It remains unclear at what pace this superlative diversity was accumulated, as do the causes of poor phylogenetic resolution and gene tree incongruence, which are commonly found when reconstructing the phylogeny of rainforest tree species. In addition, the role that introgression has played in the diversification of Neotropical trees and its effect on phylogeny remains enigmatic. The Brownea clade (Leguminosae) are a group of tree species characteristic of Neotropical rainforests, and so serve as an excellent study group with which to approach questions about the diversification of Neotropical trees. This investigation aimed to infer the rates of diversification and biogeographical history of the Brownea clade following the estimation of a phylogenetic tree for the group. The relationships between species within Brownea were then examined using phylogenomic methods to quantify gene tree incongruence, and phylogenetic model testing was used to ascertain whether this incongruence was better explained by incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) or introgression. Finally, two Brownea species found in sympatry were used to examine the impact of introgression on divergence, and whether species boundaries are maintained despite gene flow. More specifically, this study assessed whether genomic loci differed in the degree to which they introgress when compared to the genome-wide average, which would be expected if species boundaries were being maintained by selection.
    [Show full text]
  • Bean Bag Newsletter Issue 65.Pdf
    The Bean Bag A newsletter to promote communication among research scientists concerned with the systematics of the Leguminosae/Fabaceae Issue 65, Year 2018 CONTENT Page Letter from the Editor 2 Good to Know 3 Reports from the Legume World 4 A Look into 2019 7 Legume Shots of the Year 9 Legume Bibliography under the Spotlight 14 Publication News from the World of Legume Systematics 18 1 Letter from the Editor Dear Bean Bag Fellow I hope your 2019 has been wonderful so far! Apologies for the delay in getting this issue to you. A lot has been going on, including submission of papers to the forthcoming Advances in Legume Systematics 13. As you will see, this is another long issue. And finally, now we have a new BB webpage, although it is currently undergoing a change into a new layout expected to go live very soon. A lot has been going on in 2018 in the legume world, as it is usual for such a large and fascinating family! This issue starts by having a look at the BB Website and issues online. Afterwards, we will look at “Reports from the legume world” with beautiful images of Flemingia species from India, and go back into 2018, with the International Legume Conference in Sendai, Japan, and some looks into 2019. Several beautiful photographs of legumes from all over the world will delight you. And also those of the Australian Pilbara region with its Vigna species. In conclusion, as always, you’ll find the traditional list of legume bibliography. Despite the new webpage, the Bean Bag Newsletter is still sent out through the BB Google Group, which is the only purpose of this google group.
    [Show full text]