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The Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue Ii Iii

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The Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue Ii Iii i The Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue ii iii The Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue z Translated by JEFFREY L. BROUGHTON WITH ELISE YOKO WATANABE 1 iv 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress ISBN 978– 0– 19– 066416– 9 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America v For Wm. Theodore de Bary vi 因舉佛氏之學與吾儒有甚相似處。如云。有物先天地。無形本寂寥。 能為萬象主。不逐四時凋。又曰。樸[撲]落非它物。縱橫不是塵。山河 及大地。全露法王身。又曰。若人識得心。大地無寸土。看他是甚麼 樣見識。今區區小儒。怎生出得他手。宜其為他揮下也。此是法眼禪 師下一派宗旨如此。今之禪家皆破其說。以為有理路。落窠臼。有礙 正當知見。今之禪家多是麻三斤。乾屎橛之說。謂之不落窠臼。不墮 理路。妙喜之說。便是如此。然又有翻轉不如此說時。 The learning of the Buddhists— what similarities does it have with our Confucian school? For example [some Buddhists and Confucians say things like]: “There is a thing that precedes heaven and earth, formless and from the outset quiescent, capable of being the host of the myriad images, not chasing after the fading of the four seasons.” Also: “Scattered about, but not something else; across and athwart, but not mundane sense objects: the mountains, rivers, and great earth completely reveal the body of the dharma king.” Also: “If one has come to know one’s own mind, the great earth has not an inch of land.” Let’s look at just what sort of level of understanding this is! Today trifling and trivial little Confucians [who espouse this sort of thing]— how could they achieve success? It is fitting that they be dismissed by others! This is the core axiom of the Fayan lineage of Chan [which emphasized that Chan and the scriptural Buddhist teachings are identical]— but all of those in today’s Chan school assail this doctrine, considering it to be [dropping into] rationality or falling into stereo- typed formulas, holding that it impedes a correct level of understanding. Most of those in today’s Chan school natter on about three pounds of linen thread or dried turd. They call this “not falling into stereotyped formulas” and “not dropping into rationality.” The doctrine of Chan Master Dahui is exactly like this— however, there are times when he turns around and doesn’t talk like this. — From Master Zhu’s Classified Sayings (朱子語類 126.43) of the Southern Song Confucian Zhu Xi (朱熹; 1130– 1200) — Chinese Text Project, http:// ctext.org/ zhuzi- yulei/ ens?searchu= %E4%BB%8A%E4%B9%8B%E7%A6%AA%E5%AE%B6 vii Contents Abbreviations xi Introduction 1 Epistolary Chan 1 A Brief Biography of Dahui 3 The Editor- in- Chief of Letters of Dahui: Huang Wenchang 6 Dating of the Letters 12 Confucianism and the Chan Gongfu of Dahui 12 Dahui’s Diagnosis of Scholar- Officials’ Stumbling Block in the Study of Chan 15 Perverse Chan According to Dahui 16 Dahui’s Huatou Practice: An Inheritance from His Teacher(s)? 21 Dahui’s Huatou- Practice Vocabulary 23 Dahui on Sitting Practice in the Context of Huatou Practice 26 What Not to Do in Huatou Practice 28 Recurring Motifs in Huatou Practice 29 Dahui’s Collection Correct Dharma- Eye Depository and Letters of Dahui 35 Mujaku Dōchū’s Commentary Pearl in the Wicker- Basket 37 Two Korean Commentaries: Hyesim and “Korean Anonymous” 39 Influence of Letters of Dahui in China 40 Influence of Letters of Dahui in Korea 41 Influence of Letters of Dahui in Japan 45 Three Hanging Scrolls 48 viii viii Contents Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue Volume One 51 1. In Reply to Vice Minister Ceng (Tianyou) (Question Letter Attached) 52 2. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Ceng] 61 3. Continued [Third Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Ceng] 70 4. Continued [Fourth Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Ceng] 77 5. Continued [Fifth Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Ceng] 80 6. Continued [Sixth Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Ceng] 83 7. In Reply to Participant in Determining Governmental Matters Li (Hanlao) (Question Letter Attached) 86 8. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Participant in Determining Governmental Matters Li] (Question Letter Attached) 95 9. In Reply to Supervising Secretary Jiang (Shaoming) 98 10. In Reply to Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs Fu (Jishen) 102 11. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs Fu] 110 12. Continued [Third Letter in Reply to Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs Fu] 113 13. [Confidential] uxiliaryA Note to Reply to Participant in Determining Governmental Matters Li (Hanlao) [Letters #7– 8] 117 14. In Reply to Vice Minister Chen (Jiren) 119 15. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Chen] 128 16. In Reply to Edict Attendant Zhao (Daofu) 130 17. In Reply to Administrator for Public Order Xu (Shouyuan) 134 18. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Administrator for Public Order Xu] 137 19. In Reply to Auxiliary Academician of the Hall for Treasuring Culture Liu (Yanxiu) 139 20. In Reply to Controller- General Liu (Yanchong) 150 21. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Controller-General Liu Yanchong] 155 22. In Reply to Grand Mistress of the State of Qin 157 ix Contents ix 23. In Reply to Grand Councilor Zhang (Deyuan) [Zhang Jun] 159 24. In Reply to Judicial Commissioner Zhang (Yangshu) 162 25. In Reply to Palace Writer Zhu (Yanzhang) 173 26. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Palace Writer Zhu] 179 27. Continued [Third Letter in Reply to Palace Writer Zhu] 182 Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue Volume One Ends 185 Letters of Chan Master Dahui Pujue Volume Two 186 28. In Reply to Chief Transport Commissioner Xia 186 29. In Reply to Secretariat Drafter Lü (Juren) 188 30. In Reply to Director Lü (Longli) 190 31. [Second Letter] in Reply to Secretariat Drafter Lü (Juren) 202 32. Continued [Third Letter in Reply to Secretariat Drafter Lü Juren] 204 33. In Reply to Principal Graduate Zhu (Shengxi) 207 34. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Principal Graduate Zhu] 212 35. In Reply to Auxiliary in the Hall [of the Dragon Diagram] Zong 218 36. In Reply to Participant in Determining Governmental Matters Li (Taifa) 225 37. In Reply to Assistant Director of the Court of the Imperial Clan Zeng (Tianyin) 230 38. In Reply to Instructor Wang (Dashou) 233 39. In Reply to Vice Minister Liu (Jigao) 237 40. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Liu] 239 41. In Reply to Director Li (Sibiao) 242 42. In Reply to [Academician of the Hall for] Treasuring Culture Li (Maojia) 245 43. In Reply to Vice Minister Xiang (Bogong) 248 44. In Reply to Instructor Chen (Fuxiang) 254 45. In Reply to Supervisor Lin (Shaozhan) 255 46. In Reply to District Magistrate Huang (Ziyu) 257 47. In Reply to Instructor Yan (Ziqing) 260 48. In Reply to Vice Minister Zhang (Zishao) [“Old Vimalakīrti”] 265 x x Contents 49. In Reply to [Scholar of the Hall of] Clear Stratagems Xu (Zhishan) 270 50. In Reply to Instructor Yang (Yanhou) 273 51. In Reply to Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs Lou 274 52. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs Lou] 278 53. In Reply to Defender- in- Chief Cao (Gongxian) 282 54. In Reply to Vice Minister Rong (Maoshi) 285 55. Continued [Second Letter in Reply to Vice Minister Rong] 291 56. In Reply to Huang (Jiefu) of the Transit Authorization Bureau 293 57. In Reply to District Magistrate Sun 295 58. In Reply to Secretariat Drafter Principal Graduate Zhang (Anguo) 305 59. In Reply to Grand Councilor Tang (Jinzhi) 310 60. In Reply to Judicial Commissioner Fan (Maoshi) 314 61. In Reply to Preceptor Shengquan Gui 316 62. In Reply to Elder Gushan Dai 317 63. [Postface] 323 Five- Mountains (Gozan) Edition Dahui Pujue chanshi shu 大慧 普覺禪師書 325 Bibliography 375 Index 381 xi Abbreviations Araki Araki Kengo 荒木見悟, trans. Daie sho 大慧書. Zen no goroku 禅の語録 17. Tokyo: Chikuma shobō, 1969. This modern Japanese translation of a Five-Mountains (Gozan 五山) reprint edition of Letters of Dahui has light annotation and in some cases summaries of sections. The section divisions do not coincide with those of Mujaku. It is stored in the Ochanomizu Library in Tokyo. Cases of Song and Yuan Confucians Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲 and Quan Zuwang 全祖望, eds. Song Yuan xue’an 宋元學案. 4 vols. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1989. Song Yuan xue’an 宋元學案 (Cases of Song and Yuan Confucians) is a Qing- period compilation consisting of brief biographies, philosophies, literary works, and school affiliations of eighty- seven Confucians (ru 儒) from the Song and Yuan dynasties. In the notes the first number refers to thejuan 卷 number; the numbers within parentheses are the volume (1– 4) number and page number.
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