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Basin Development and Tectonic History of the Llanos Basin, Eastern Cordillera and Middle Magdalena Valley, Colombia
BASIN DEVELOPMENT AND TECTONIC HISTORY OF THE LLANOS BASIN, EASTERN CORDILLERA AND MIDDLE MAGDALENA VALLEY, COLOMBIA by M.A.Cooper, F.T.Addison, R.Alvarez, M.Coral, R.H.Graham, A.B.Hayward, S.Howe, J.Martinez, J.Naar, R.Penas, A.J.Pulham and A.Taborda AAPG Bulletin, Volume 79, Number 10, October 1995, pages 1421-1443. BP Exploration (Colombia) Ltd., Carrera 9A no 99-02, Piso 9, A.A. 59824, Bogotá, Colombia Correspondence address, PanCanadian Petroleum, 150 9th Ave SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 2S5 Telephone (403) 290 2964 E-mail [email protected] REFERENCES USED TO CONSTRUCT THE CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION DIAGRAMS AND PALEOGEOGRAPHIC MAPS OF GROSS DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS. The locations of the numbered sections that follow each reference are shown on the map of Colombia at the end of this document. The wells referred to are shown on Figures 4 and 5 in the paper. Alfonso, C.A., 1989. Stratigraphy and Regional Structure of the Western Flank of the Cordillera Oriental, Cimitarra Area, Middle Magdalena Basin, Colombia. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of South Carolina, 117pp. Section #1: Cimitarra area. BP Exploration, 1994. Internal well files, Pico-1, Toy-1 & Yavi-1. Wells: Pico-1, Toy-1 & Yavi-1 Bürgl, H., & Dumit, T. 1954. El Cretáceo Inferior En Los Alrededores De Villa De Leiva, Boyacá, El Cretáceo Superior En La Region De Girardot. Boletín Geológico, Ingeominas, Bogotá, v.2, p.23-48. Section #3: Villa De Leyva / Loma La Yesera. Section #4: Girardot - Nariño. Bürgl, H., 1960. El Jurásico e Infracretáceo del rio Batá, Boyacá. Boletín Servicio Geológico Nacional, Bogotá, Informe No. -
Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia
Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 846 Prepared in coopeTation ·with the lnstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico-MineTas under the auspices of the Government of Colombia and the Agency for International Development) United States DepaTtment of State Structural Evolution of the Northernmost Andes, Colombia By EARL M. IRVING GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 846 Prepared in cooperation ·with the lnstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico-Min eras under the auspices of the Government of Colombia and the Agency for International Development) United States Department of State An interpretation of the geologic history of a complex mountain system UNITED STATES GOVERNlVIENT PRINTING OFFICE, vVASHINGTON 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Irving, Earl Montgomery, 1911- Structural evolution of the northernmost Andes, Columbia. (Geological Survey professional paper ; 846) Bibliography: p Includes index. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16:846 1. Geology-Colombia. 2. Geosynclines----Colombia. I. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Geologico Mineras.. II. Title. III. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper ; 846. QE239.175 558.61 74-600149 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $1.30 (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-02553 CONTENTS Page Pasre Abstract ---------------------------------------- -
Influence of Salt in the Tectonic Development of the Frontal Thrust
t Special section: Balancing, restoration, and palinspastic reconstruction Influence of salt in the tectonic development of the frontal thrust belt of the eastern Cordillera (Guatiquía area, Colombian Andes) Vanessa Parravano1, Antonio Teixell2, and Andrés Mora3 Abstract Geologic maps, seismic lines, and data from a dry exploration well were used to develop a new structural model for a segment of the eastern foothills of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, emphasizing the role of salt tectonics. Milestones in the deformation history of the Guatiquía foothills were studied by sequential section restoration to selected steps. Uncommon structural geometries and sparse salt occurrences were interpreted in terms of a kinematic evolution in which Cretaceous salt migration in extension produced a diapiric salt wall, which was subsequently welded during the main episodes of the Andean compression, when the salt wall was squeezed generating a large overturned flap. Salt-weld strain hardening resulted in breakthrough thrust- ing across the overturned flap in late deformation stages. We have evaluated a pattern of salt tectonics pre- viously unrecognized in the foothills thrust belt, which may be significant in other parts of the external Colombian Andes. Introduction We aim to provide an explanation for differences in The prolific thrust belt of the eastern foothills of the structural style in the EC external thrust belt. Based on Eastern Cordillera (EC) of Colombia has been inten- seismic lines, maps, the occurrences of salt in old sively investigated -
Detrital U–Pb Provenance, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Colombian Back–Arc Basin
Volume 2 Quaternary Chapter 8 Neogene https://doi.org/10.32685/pub.esp.36.2019.08 Detrital U–Pb Provenance, Mineralogy, and Published online 25 November 2020 Geochemistry of the Cretaceous Colombian Back–Arc Basin Paleogene Javier GUERRERO1* , Alejandra MEJÍA–MOLINA2 , and José OSORNO3 1 [email protected] Abstract The geology of the Cretaceous Colombian back–arc basin is reviewed con- Universidad Nacional de Colombia Cretaceous sidering detrital U–Pb provenance ages, mineralogy, and geochemistry of samples Sede Bogotá Departamento de Geociencias collected from outcrop sections and wells at several localities in the core of the Eastern Carrera 30 n.° 45–03 Bogotá, Colombia Cordillera, Middle Magdalena Valley, and Catatumbo areas. The data set supports previ- 2 [email protected] ous studies indicating a basin with main grabens in the present–day Eastern Cordillera Universidad Yachay Tech Hacienda Urcuquí s/n y Proyecto Yachay Jurassic between the Guaicáramo/Pajarito and Bituima/La Salina border faults, which operated Urcuquí, Ecuador as normal faults during the Cretaceous. Limestones are common on the western and 3 [email protected] Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos northern sides of the basin, whereas terrigenous strata predominate on the eastern Calle 26 n.° 59–65, segundo piso and southern sides. After the Berriasian, grabens were connected by marine flooding Bogotá, Colombia during the Valanginian, with two main source areas documented by distinct element * Corresponding author Triassic and mineral contents, one in the Central Cordillera magmatic arc and the other in the Guiana Shield. Some elements present in Lower Cretaceous shales, including scan- Supplementary Information: dium, vanadium, and beryllium, are not related to the sediment supply areas for the S: https://www2.sgc.gov.co/ LibroGeologiaColombia/tgc/ basin but instead are linked to Valanginian to Cenomanian hydrothermal activity and sgcpubesp36201908s.pdf Permian dikes of gabbro, diorite, and tonalite emplaced during the main phase of extension in the basin. -
Emeralds in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Emeralds in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: Two tectonic settings for one mineralization Yannick Branquet Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, BP 20,54501 Vandœuvre-Lès-NancyCedex, France Bernard Laumonier Ecole des Mines, 54042 Nancy, France Alain Cheilletz Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Géologie and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimique , BP 20,54501 Vandceuvre-LèGNancyCedex, France Gasto Giuliani Institut de Recherche pour le Développement nd Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, f 20,54501 Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, BP Vandœuvre-Lès-NancyCedex, France ABSTRACT Colombian emeralds are formed through a hydrothermal-sedimentaryprocess. On the western side of the Eastern Cordillera, the deposits are linked by tear faults and associated thrusts developed during a compressive tectonic phase that occurred at the time of the Eocene- Oligocene boundary, prior to the major uplift of the Cordillera during the Andean phase (middle Miocene). On the eastern side of the Cordillera, emerald mineralization occurred earlier, at the time of the Cretaceous-Tertiaryboundary, during a thin-skinned extensional tectonic event linked to evaporite dissolution. This event predates the Andean phase, during which this part of the chain was folded and thrust over the Llanos foreland. INTRODUCTION A very peculiar aspect of the emerald mineralization in the Eastern Like most of other emerald deposits in the -
8061 Santos C 2008 E
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 264 (2008) 140–146 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Late Eocene marine incursion in north-western South America C. Santos a, C. Jaramillo b,⁎, G. Bayona c, M. Rueda d, V. Torres e a GEMS Ltda. Grupo de Bioestratigrafía — Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo. Kilómetro 6 Vía Piedecuesta. Santander, Colombia b STRI. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. P.O. Box 0843 — 03092 Balboa — Ancon, Panama c Corporación Geológica ARES, Calle 57 #24-11 of 202, Bogotá, Colombia d Paleoflora Ltda. Grupo de Bioestratigrafía — Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo. Kilómetro 6 Vía Piedecuesta. Santander, Colombia e Grupo de Bioestratigrafía — Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo. Kilómetro 6 Vía Piedecuesta. Santander, Colombia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: During the late Eocene in the Colombian Subandean basins, one of the most important oil-bearing rocks of Received 20 September 2007 the country was deposited: the Mirador Formation. -
Dating the Mirador Formation in the Llanos Basin of Colombia 29
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY BREAKING PARADIGMS: DATING THE MIRADOR FORMATION IN THE LLANOS BASIN OF COLOMBIA 29 BIOSTRATIGRAPHY BREAKING PARADIGMS: DATING THE MIRADOR FORMATION IN THE LLANOS BASIN OF COLOMBIA C.A. JARAMILLO Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 0946, APO AA 34002, U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected] M. RUEDA ICP, Bucaramanga, Km 7 via Piedecuesta, Colombia G. BAYONA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 0946, APO AA 34002, U.S.A. and Corporación Geológica ARES, Calle 57 24-11 of, 202, Bogotá, Colombia C. SANTOS, P. FLOREZ, AND F. PARRA ICP, Bucaramanga, Km 7 via Piedecuesta, Colombia ABSTRACT: The two major oil fields in Colombia discovered in the last fifty years are the Caño Limón and Cusiana fields. Caño Limón is located in the eastern region of the unfolded Llanos of Colombia, and Cusiana is located in the leading thrust sheet of the Llanos Foothills. Paleogene strata in both areas were part of a large foreland basin active since the latest Cretaceous. In both cases the main reservoir is a quartz arenite unit, informally called the Mirador formation, that has always been assumed to extend as a continuous Eocene sandstone layer from the Llanos Foothills into the Llanos Basin. However, recent palynological data suggested that this unit is diachronous across the Llanos and Llanos Foothills. Here, we dated 44 sections in the Llanos Basin and Llanos Foothills using a new zonation that is proposed for the region. Biostratigraphic results constrain the age of the Mirador Formation in the Llanos Foothills as early to middle Eocene with no evidence of a biostratigraphic gap with underlying early Eocene strata. -
A Middle to Late Miocene Trans-Andean Portal: Geologic Record in the Tatacoa Desert
Research Collection Journal Article A Middle to Late Miocene Trans-Andean Portal: Geologic Record in the Tatacoa Desert Author(s): Montes, Camilo; Silva, C.A.; Bayona, Germán A.; Villamil, R.; Stiles, E.; Rodriguez-Corcho, A.F.; Beltrán- Triviño, Alejandro; Lamus, Felipe; Muñoz-Granados, M.D.; Perez-Angel, L.C.; Hoyos, N.; Gomez, S.; Galeano, J.J.; Romero, E.; Baquero, Mauricio; Cardenas-Rozo, Andrés L.; von Quadt, Albrecht Publication Date: 2021-01 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000467915 Originally published in: Frontiers in Earth Science 8, http://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.587022 Rights / License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 12 January 2021 doi: 10.3389/feart.2020.587022 A Middle to Late Miocene Trans-Andean Portal: Geologic Record in the Tatacoa Desert C. Montes 1*, C. A. Silva 2, G. A. Bayona 3, R. Villamil 4, E. Stiles 2,5, A. F. Rodriguez-Corcho 6, A. Beltran-Triviño 7, F. Lamus 1, M. D. Muñoz-Granados 4, L. C. Perez-Angel 8, N. Hoyos 1, S. Gomez 2,7, J. J. Galeano 1, E. Romero 7,2, M. Baquero 3, A. L. Cardenas-Rozo 7 and A. von Quadt 9 1Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, 2Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archaeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Ancón, Panamá, 3Corporación Geologica Ares, Bogotá, Colombia, 4Departamento de Geociencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, -
Stratigraphy of the Ordovician La Cristalina Formation, Puerto Berrío (Colombia)
____________________________ Director Doc. Rer. Nat., P.Doc. Pedro Calixto Patarroyo Gama ____________________________ Codirector Ph.D. José María Jaramillo Mejía II Stratigraphy of the Ordovician La Cristalina Formation, Puerto Berrío (Colombia) Stratigraphy of the Ordovician La Cristalina Formation, Puerto Berrío (Colombia) María Fernanda Almanza Meléndez Geologist, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geociencias Bogotá D. C., Colombia 2017 Stratigraphy of the Ordovician La Cristalina Formation, Puerto Berrío (Colombia) María Fernanda Almanza Meléndez Geologist, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá Thesis presented as partial requisite to get the title of: Mágister en Ciencias-Geología Director: Doc. Rer. Nat., P.Doc. Pedro Calixto Patarroyo Gama Co-Director: Ph.D. José María Jaramillo Mejía Research field: Stratigraphy Universidad Nacional de Colombia Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geociencias Bogotá D. C., Colombia 2017 To those who enjoy each piece of the cake, who love researching and never forget to be a good human being. To my beloved father, mother and brother Acknowledgments The main reason to do this master theses was the curiosity I had for some poorly-known old rocks. So, I feel deeply grateful with those Ordovician complicated rocks for allowing me discover something new. I am grateful with my advisor Pedro Patarroyo for accompanings me during field work, and with my co-advisor professor José María Jaramillo, firstly, for the enlightining discussions during the best researching-breakfasts, secondly for guiding me to unlock dreams and build this master theses and its related peer-reviewed publications, lastly for introducing me to such metamorphic rocks and to encourage me to study them. -
Colombian Sedimentary Basins: Nomenclature, Boundaries and Petroleum Geology, a New Proposal
ANH AGENCIA NACIONAL DE HIDROCARBUROS By: Darío Barrero1 Andrés Pardo2, 3 Carlos A. Vargas2, 4 Juan F. Martínez1 1B & M Exploration Ltda, Bogotá 2Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH) 3Universidad de Caldas, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Manizales 4Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Departamento de Geociencias, Bogotá Colombian Sedimentary Basins: Nomenclature, Boundaries and Petroleum Geology, a New Proposal 2 President of the Republic of Colombia ÁLVARO URIBE VÉLEZ Minister of Mines and Energy HERNÁN MARTÍNEZ TORRES General Director ANH JOSÉ ARMANDO ZAMORA REYES Technical Sub-director ROGELIO TORO LONDOÑO Chief of Geologists CARLOS A. VARGAS JIMÉNEZ For information, please contact: AGENCIA NACIONAL DE HIDROCARBUROS – A.N.H.- Calle 99 No. 9 A - 54 (piso 14) - Bogotá, Colombia Teléfono: (571) 593 17 17 - Fax: (571) 593 17 18 www.anh.gov.co [email protected] Línea Gratuita Nacional 018000 953 000 3 ISBN: 978-958-98237-0-5 Edited and compiled by: ANH and B&M Exploration Ltda. Copyright © 2007 Printed in Bogotá-Colombia • 2.007 The editor makes no representation, Express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this document and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Table of Contents Table of Contents THE NATIONAL HIDROCARBONS AGENCY - A.N.H. - MISSION 8 VISION 8 FUNCTIONS 9 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT COLOMBIA 11 Geographic Location 11 Climate 11 Population and Language 11 Type of Government 11 2006 Economic Indicators 11 Main Imports 11 Main Exports 11 1. SEDIMENTARY BASINS OF COLOMBIA: 5 GEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK 14 2. REVIEW OF NOMENCLATURE AND BOUNDARIES OF COLOMBIAN BASINS 22 2.1 Brief Historical Overview 25 2.2 Colombian Basin Nomenclature and Boundaries 27 2.3 Proposed Modifi cations to the Sedimentary Basin Map of Colombia 29 2.4 Proposed Boundaries 29 3. -
Grenvillian Remnants in the Northern Andes: Rodinian and Phanerozoic Paleogeographic Perspectives
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 29 (2010) 92–104 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Grenvillian remnants in the Northern Andes: Rodinian and Phanerozoic paleogeographic perspectives A. Cardona a,*, D. Chew b, V.A. Valencia c, G. Bayona d, A. Miškovic´ e, M. Ibañez-Mejía c a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Panama b Department of Geology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland c Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States d Corporación Geológica Ares, Bogotá, Colombia e Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA article info abstract Article history: Grenvillian crust is encountered in several basement inliers in the northern Andes of Colombia, Ecuador Received 13 March 2009 and Peru and is also represented as a major detrital or inherited component within Neoproterozoic to Accepted 21 July 2009 Paleozoic sedimentary and magmatic rocks. This review of the tectonic and geochronological record of the Grenvillian belt in the northern Andes suggests that these crustal segments probably formed on an active continental margin in which associated arc and back-arc magmatism evolved from ca. 1.25 to Keywords: 1.16 Ga, possibly extending to as young as 1.08 Ga. Grenville The lithostratigraphic and tectonic history of the Grenvillian belt in the northern Andes differs from Northern Andes that of the Sunsas belt on the southwest Amazonian Craton and from the Grenvillian belt of Eastern Laur- Terrane dispersion Paleogeography entia. It is considered that this belt, along with similar terranes of Grenvillian age in Middle America and Mexico define a separate composite orogen which formed on the northwestern margin of the Amazonian Craton. -
Basin Development and Tectonic History of the Middle Magdalena Valley
Basin development and tectonic history of the Middle Magdalena Valley Nomenclatura estándar del Standard Nomenclature for Middle ISC 2018 Valle Medio del Magdalena - Magdalena Valley - Colombia ICS - IUGS Colombia, Servicio Geológico L.G. Morales et al., 1958 Colombiano, 2019 66 Maastrichtiano Formación Umir 72 Umir Shale Campaniano Formación La Renta 84 Santoniano 86 Galembo Member Formación Galembo Coniaciano La Luna 90 Fm. Pujamana Member Formación Pujamana Turoniano Formación Salada Salada Member 94 Cenomaniano Formación El Salto Salto Limestone 100 Formación Simití Albiano Simití Shale Fm. Tablazo 113 Tablazo Limestone Basal Formación La Paja L i Aptiano m e Paja Formation s t 125 o n Barremiano e Rosa Blanca Fm. 129 Gr. Hauteriviano 133 Valanginiano Formación Rosa Blanca Tambor Formation 140 Berriasiano Formación Cumbre 145 Formación Los Santos “Howewer, as our studies continue, more and more concealed breaks become apparent” Dereck Victor Ager Portadilla: Standard nomenclature for the Middle Magdalena Valley adopted by the Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Citación Etayo-Serna, Fernando. 2019. “Basin development and tectonic history of the Middle Magdalena Valley”. En Estudios geológicos y paleontológicos sobre el Cretácico en la región del embalse del río Sogamoso, Valle Medio del Magdalena, dirección científica y edición de Fernando Etayo-Serna. Compilación de los Estudios Geológicos Oficiales en Colombia vol. XXIII. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Basin development and tectonic history of the Middle Magdalena Valley Fernando Etayo-Serna 8 Hans Stille's work initiated tectonic studies in the basin” (Barrero et al. 2007) of late Cenozoic age Middle Magdalena Valley and introduced the word (Cáceres, Cediel and Etayo-Serna 2003) (fig.