MAI Ain "In The Good Samaritan I wanted to target people's consciences, mine included. Both the priest and the Levite have passed by a wounded fellow man. We all claim to be very busy or to have something better to do than stopping to help one in need. The pride and self-sufficiency of the priest should speak to all professing Christians who feel comfortable and secure to the point of being indifferent. I made the Levite an academic figure, with the hood of his regalia weighing heavily on his shoulders. True education should make us responsible, but in his case it had not fitted him for service. And it is the Samaritan, a member of an underprivileged and despised class—whom I fashioned with interracial features—who in the end stops, kneels, and provides generous help."

"The sculpture I did for Union College, Lincoln, Nebraska (above), depicts the three angels of Revelation 14, who have messages to proclaim to people living at the end of the world's history." "Regeneration has to do with the life force. In designing it I tried to counteract the rigidity of the science building with something curving and organic in feeling. The center form is like two cells joined and split in the growth process. The twist suggests the DNA formation. The two circles intersecting make the mandorla shape, which I use as a symbol of Christ. He is poised above the four primitive elements—air, earth, ftre, and water.

2 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Cover Photograph by Dave Sherwin Parables in Stone An Interview With Alan Collins

BY HUMBERTO RASI one day during the war years an surfaces, and emotional restraint aunt took me to the Guildford shown in his work. Alan Collins is a respected Christian Cathedral in southern England. sculptor and teacher whose pieces grace The interior of that large structure For centuries Christianity and several churches, public buildings, and had not yet been completed; there sculpture were closely campuses in Great Britain and the were pigeons flying in and out of associated in the Western world, United States. Born in England in the tracery of the windows. But I but they seem to have drifted 1928, Collins graduated in 1951 from saw some sculpture by Eric Gill, quite apart. How do you relate to the Royal College of Art in London. and I remember looking at those that trend? After teaching for nine years he nicely rounded figures and Western societies have obviously devoted his full attention to sculpture. enjoying those fine shapes carved become more secularized in recent In 1965 he won the prestigious Sir in stone. times, and most artists reflect that Otto Beit Medal—awarded annually to Later I took some drawing trend. Their works no longer deal the best work in sculpture in the classes, and when, at 16, I entered directly or indirectly with religious British Commonwealth—and in 1968 art school in London, I met an subjects. Much contemporary he moved with his family to the excellent teacher who transferred sculpture is more concerned with United States, where he resumed his to me her enthusiasm for the passage of time, the eroding teaching career. Mr. Collins currently sculpture. effect of elements upon materials, teaches art at Loma Linda University the precarious balance of things, in Loma Linda, California, where he Among the different periods and the ephemeral nature of our lives. lives with his wife and the younger of schools of sculpture, which do My religious convictions have their two children. you prefer? given a different character to my I like archaic Greek sculpture for work. its restraint and austerity. Among sculptors of religious subjects, I How have your Christian beliefs How did you become interested have been much interested in influenced your art? in sculpture? those of the medieval period, both My parents became evangelicals As a child I was quite attracted in England and France. Those when I was a child, and I at 10 to drawing and painting, although were the anonymous artists who also decided to give my life to not necessarily to sculpture. Then left their imprint, for example, on Christ. There is nothing like that the magnificent Cathedral of conversion experience! From then Chartres. Aristide Maillol (France, on my life took a new direction. Humberto Rasi is editorial director of Inter- national Publications, Pacific Press Publishing 1861-1944) is the contemporary Christian principles, as expressed Association, Mountain View, California. sculptor that I most admire, for in the Bible, have served as © 1983 by Humberto Rasi. the clear composition, rounded guidelines and have provided

THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 3 meaning. Art then becomes a holy think, however, that the seems appealing and worth calling, and although not all my temptation to worship three- developing. Both The First Advent pieces are obviously religious, they dimensional images is still very and Regeneration came that way. are at least life-enhancing and much with us, although in a I have also developed a great constructive. different way. We tend to affection for the parables of Christ. "worship" some of our material They are profound world pictures Some of your better-known possessions and some of our that have remained fresh and pieces, however, do have heroes, such as popular singers, accessible to people through the religious meaning. famous actors and actresses, centuries. As we let our minds Yes, they do. My largest piece, outstanding scientists, and so on. dwell on them, other aspects of Regeneration, is a symbolic We still face the danger of meaning come to light. In my case sculpture located at Andrews worshiping the creature or the I naturally tend to think in terms University in Berrien Springs, object instead of the Creator. of sculptural parables. Michigan. It suggests God's power as revealed in the elements and What is your purpose, then, in Are you working on any processes of nature. Previously I creating sculptures with sculptural parable now? had completed a metal sculpture, religious themes? Yes, I am working on a design The First Advent, which can be Basically, I suppose, it is to for the parable of the wheat and seen at Atlantic Union College in communicate an aspect of truth the tares of Matthew 13 as a South Lancaster, Massachusetts, that would need many words to possible sculpture. Both plants symbolizing the coming of Christ apparently were very much alike into this world, a coming fraught and grew together. The wheat ear with risks and possibilities. I have is heavy with good grain, so it also executed several pieces tends to bend over and to bow its representing the three angels of head, while the tares, being a Revelation 14, which are a favorite lighter grain, stand straight up. subject of the Seventh-day I have tried to combine the two Adventist Church, of which I am a growth patterns, with the tares member. upright in the center and the wheat bowing to the sides, How do you relate your activities providing a cruciform design. as a Christian sculptor to God's Christ died for both kinds of injunction in the second Christians—the empty and proud commandment of the as well as the fruitful and humble. Decalogue: "You shall not make The Christian will then be able to for yourself a graven image . . . ; relate to this design and ask you shall not bow to them or himself, "Am I fruitful or not?" serve them" (Exodus 20:4, 5, R.S.V.)?* Alan Collins at work in his studio in What advice would you give a I believe in the validity of the Loma Linda, California. young Christian who feels Ten Commandments as divine inclined toward sculpture? guidelines for living. But you sum up. Sculptors deal with If he feels that he has been notice that the injunction against shapes, and as I present them to given this talent by God, I would making images is tied in with the people to see, I hope that their encourage him to pursue a career worshiping them. In fact, God effect will be thought-provoking or in sculpture and to develop his commissioned sculptures from uplifting. Sometimes I use abstract ability to the maximum possible. Israelite artists and endowed them forms and at other times a more To help him toward that end he with special skills to fashion them, direct approach, as in The Good should find a teacher who will as recorded in Exodus 25 and 37. Samaritan, which is on the campus show him how to draw and how But He condemned as sin the of Loma Linda University. In any to use the tools. He may have to idolatrous worship of the golden case, I want my sculptures to have find some supplemental work calf (Exodus 32). God knows that a meaning beyond themselves. because art may not provide sculpture has a certain power, a sufficient income to live. certain relevance to our lives: it How do you get ideas for your God has designed us as creative has a physical substance with sculptures? individuals, and we should use which we can identify, because we In most cases it is difficult to each opportunity to explore a new are also substantial. pinpoint the origin of an idea. Our thought, see some new aspect of I have avoided making figures minds are great reservoirs of life, draw a new design. Someday, and representations that could be impressions, images, and in the new earth, we will have construed as objects of worship. I thoughts. As I sketch on my pad God Himself as our art and design " From The Revised Standard Version of the Bible, or especially as I manipulate Teacher. What a joy that copyrighted 1946, 1952 © 1971, 1973. plasticine, a shape appears that will be! Tr THESE TIMES (ISSN 0040-6058) is a monthly (except June and July, when semimonthly) publication of the Seventh-day Adventist denomination. Price US$18.95 per year. Second-class postage paid at Hagerstown, Maryland. © 1983, Review and Herald Publishing Association (6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A.). Volume 92, No. 3, March, 1983.

4 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 HOW DO YOU COMPARE WITH THE HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL FACULTY? The following survey of personal health practices was recently completed by 595 members of the Harvard Medical School faculty. Mark the answers that apply to vou; then turn to page 14 and compare your answers with those of the faculty of the Harvard Medical School.

1. Do you smoke cigarettes? If so, how many a day? Yes 0 No 0 If not, are you a former cigarette smoker? Yes ❑ No 0 2. Do you use tobacco in any other form on a daily basis? Yes 0 No 0 If yes, what form? Pipe Cigar Snuff Chewing tobacco 3. Do you use a sleeping pill more than three times a week? Yes 0 No 0 4. Have you had a routine health exam during the past two years? Yes 0 No 0 5. Do you use seat belts routinely? Yes 0 No CI 6. Do you take an antibiotic when you develop an upper respiratory infection? Yes 111 No CI 7. Do you jog or do equivalent aerobic exercise for 20 minutes (or more) at least three times a week? Yes 0 No 0 8. If practicing contraception, do you (or your partner) use contraceptive pills? Yes 0 No 0 9. If female, do you routinely perform self-examination of your breasts? Yes 0 No 0 If male, do you routinely perform self-examination of your testes? Yes 0 No 0 10. Do you eat breakfast? Yes 10 No ❑ 11. Do you weigh more than ten pounds above what you'd like to weigh? Yes ❑ No ❑ 12. Do you take more than two alcoholic drinks a day? Yes 0 No CI 13. Do you restrict your consumption of red meat to three times a week or less? Yes CI No 0 14. Do you try to maintain a high bran or fiber content in your diet? Yes 01 No 10 15. Do you drink coffee? If yes, how much? Yes 0 No 0 16. Do you restrict your egg intake to three per week or fewer? Yes 0 No 0 17. Does your household use margarine (as opposed to butter)? Yes 0 No 0 18. Do you visit your dentist for a checkup at regular intervals? Yes 0 No ❑ 19. Do you floss your teeth daily? Yes 0 No 01 20. Do you take vacations during which no work is done? Yes 0 No 0 21. Do you take a daily multivitamin? Yes 0 No 0 22. Do you ever make purchases in stores devoted exclusively to health foods? Yes [1] No 0 23. Do you use vitamin C to protect against colds? Yes ❑ No CI 24. Do you take a laxative or enema if you do not have a bowel movement for two days? Yes ❑ No CI

(Answers on pages 14, 15) THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 5 Why Some Scientists Believe in Creation

BY ARIEL A. ROTH

Questions such as "Which came first, the chicken or the egg?" still haunt evolutionists, who reject a Creator-God.

urrounded by the inspiring universe and life, including man, the seventeenth century, when atmosphere of the just come about without intelligent many believed that life forms arose SRockefeller Chapel at the design? fully developed, spontaneously, all University of Chicago, the scholars This question has come into by themselves. Even formulas bowed reverently and listened to a sharper focus recently because of were available for petition addressed to God. Only a the public concern and resulting "manufacturing" living forms. Van few minutes later the featured court cases about teaching Helmont, for instance, proposed speaker of the hour, Sir Julian Creation along with evolution in that all one had to do to make Huxley, declared that the public schools. This issue has mice was to place some old rags, evolutionary man could no longer brought to public awareness the wheat, and cheese in a dark take refuge in the arms of a fact that a number of scientists corner, and mice would be divinized father figure he himself believe in Creation. generated! had created. Space does not permit This formula still intrigues Huxley (1887-1975), an English elaboration of the various models people today, but the explanations biologist, educator, philosopher, of Creation or theistic types of differ. Since then, the more and author, also stated that the evolution that involve the activities rigorous work of the French earth was not created; it evolved, of a God. Suffice it to say that microbiologist Louis Pasteur and as did human beings with their some scientists believe in a God others has amply demonstrated mind, brain, soul, and body, and who is the Creator of the that life does not arise by itself. so did religion. functioning universe. We will Only life begets life. Our This paradoxical incident, which consider some of the basic reasons precautions of sterilization for took place in 1959 during a for this belief by some protection against infectious five-day Darwin Centennial scientists—reasons that reflect the diseases and food spoilage stem Celebration, well illustrates the analytical training of the scientist. from this fact. quandary many have regarding Modern biology has the question of origins. Is there a The origin of life. Perhaps the demonstrated that life is more God who is Creator, or did the most serious question a scientist complex than believed earlier and has to face as he considers that the possibility of its arising Ariel Roth is director, Geoscience Research whether there is a Creator is the spontaneously by itself on earth Institute, Loma Linda, California. © 1983 by question of the origin of life. This seems more remote than ever. Ariel A. Roth. question was not so important in Many scientists are not convinced,

6 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 as some others claim, that the junkyard. Some scientists conclude (inspiration) and out (expiration), highly sophisticated equipment that these improbabilities make the probably unaware that this simple and manipulations used to create spontaneous origin of life process illustrates why some some complex molecules and essentially impossible. Others say scientists believe in Creation. The modify others in impressive that it is at best highly improbable, respiratory cycle involves the genetic engineering experiments but still possible. integrated function of a number of have very much to do with the What bothers some is that in different parts, each of which way life originated on earth in the dealing with this question a would be useless without the first place. double standard for science is other. Sophisticated manipulation by often used. Scientists, and The cycle can begin by the intelligent beings reflects more biologists in particular, are trained initiation of inspiration when the what one would expect from not to accept improbable events as sensory stretch receptors in the Creation by intelligent design than true. Unless conclusions can be lungs send a low-frequency spontaneous generation, which demonstrated to occur 19 out of 20 impulse by way of a specific nerve requires that all this occurs or even 99 out of 100 times, cell to the solitary nucleus. The without either complex laboratory normal scientific rigor demands impulse then travels by way of equipment or a trained scientist that these be rejected. another nerve cell to the directing the procedures. inspiratory center also at the base A number of scientists have Some scientists find it difficult to of the brain, which then by way of studied the question of life arising use one set of rigorous restraints another nerve pathway sends by itself, and very impressive as part of their standard for impulses to the diaphragm or figures showing how very scientific truth while having to use muscles between the ribs, causing improbable this could be have a very undefined standard for air to be drawn into the lungs. been obtained, based on our trying to explain the origin of life At the end of inspiration the knowledge of physics, chemistry, by highly improbable evolutionary stretch receptors in the lungs send and mathematics. The noted processes. This is especially a high frequency impulse to the astronomer Sir Fred Hoyle recently significant when other alternatives, brain, which in turn inhibits the compared an example of this such as Creation, offer a solution inspiratory muscles so normal particular improbability to the to the dilemma. expiration takes place. Each part chance of a tornado assembling a As you read these lines, you involved in this cycle is useless Boeing 747 by sweeping through a unconsciously breathe in without the others, and all need to

Photograph by Dave Sherwin THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 7 A Revolution Against Evolution? Scientists Dare to Doubt Darwin "One morning I woke up and to replace the idea of Creation. . . . it struck me that I had been . . . He [the scientist] has to working on this stuff [evolution] produce a family tree . . . a for 20 years and there was not phylogeny. . . . Now after 120 one thing I knew about it." The years, I regret to say that they speaker? Dr. Colin Patterson, haven't produced a single, solid renowned paleontologist of the phylogeny." Fred Hoyle, the British Museum of Natural British astronomer, Francis History and author of a book Crick, discoverer of DNA, and titled Evolution. other scientists are also cited for Patterson is just one of a closing the door on Darwin. number of noted scientists Caution: These are not "abandoning evolution," says creationists. Some have pretty the Associates for Biblical crazy ideas about life's origins. Research in the May ABR Macbeth went on to say, "No, Newsletter. The paleontologist, I'm not against evolution . . . giving a speech last October at only against Darwinism as an the American Museum of explanation of evolution." ABR Natural History in New York admits Dr. Patterson is not a City, went on to say how he creationist, just a had asked various people, "Can "nonevolutionist." you tell me anything you know But Patterson's speech hit the about evolution, any one thing, nail on the head: "So I think that is true?" He also asked the many people in this room geology staff of the Chicago would acknowledge that during Field Museum. "The only the last few years . . . you've answer I got was silence." experienced a shift from The newsletter also quotes evolution as knowledge to Norman Macbeth, appearing on evolution as faith. I know it's the Nova TV program: "The true of me."—Associates for whole purpose of Darwin was Biblical Research Newsletter.

be present to have a functional complex functional integrated system. systems. Some scientists find it Many and much more complex more reasonable to believe in examples of this type of integrated intelligent design than in system could be given—such as improbability. and energy, but perform no good. the eye, ear, numerous complex There is another reason why a biochemical pathways that involve One may ask whether the often number of scientists believe in many sequential intermediate invoked evolutionary principle of Creation; and to many, including steps, and, perhaps most survival of the fittest would not some nonscientists, it is the most awe-inspiring of all, the complex provide the necessary impetus for important reason. Let's introduce organization of the human brain. the development of these the reason this way: Science is The serious challenge that these advanced systems. The answer is highly successful, and the examples pose to naturalistic (no No. The principle of survival of technology resulting therefrom involvement of a supernatural the fittest particularly challenges dominates many aspects of our being) evolutionary explanations the evolutionary development of lives for good or bad. One only lies in how these complex complex integrated biological has to mention words such as integrated systems could have systems, because survival of the computer, space module, genetic arisen without intelligent design. fittest should eliminate the useless engineering, nuclear warhead, or While some systems may be developingparts. An organism chemical warfare to evoke a useful at a partial level of with part of a system that is significant amount of respect. development, others are not; and nonfunctional is at a disadvantage This success has encouraged for these latter, it seems too much over one without such, and many, especially some scientists, to hope that evolutionary changes survival of the fittest would to believe that science has all the alone would suddenly and eliminate those organisms with answers. This conclusion is repeatedly bring forth complete, excess parts that demand space precisely what many others, 8 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Tiny life forms, such as this green darner dragonfly, proclaim the existence of the Designer-Creator, who cares about intricate details. including scientists who believe in imponderables is love. Science can explanations of science and Creation, object to. Scientific measure many things associated freedom of choice. methodology does not provide all with love, such as heartbeat, Other areas of experience such answers! There is a reality beyond hormone levels, blood pressure, as loyalty, good or evil, creativity, the simple naturalistic explanations and moonlight, but when it comes the beautiful and inspiring, the of science. The broader perspective to love itself, which is based on spiritual, and consciousness also suggested by Creation seems more free will, science does not provide seem to transcend the simple in accord with the breadth of us with either analysis or naturalistic explanation of science. reality about us. Many aspects of explanation. These point to a reality beyond life simply transcend naturalistic Or take the matter of freedom of science that cause many to look explanations. The astronomer- choice. Most individuals are beyond naturalism for truth. The philosopher Sir Arthur Stanley convinced that they have the scholar who can lift his sights Eddington (1882-1944) emphasized freedom to choose this or that beyond the purely naturalistic is this thought when he stated, "You option. If this choice is really free more likely to find truth, because can no more analyze these it transcends scientific analysis, his broad approach opens more imponderables by the scientific which is based on a system of possibilities for information and method than you can extract the cause and effect, where there is no for evaluation; and in scholarly square root of a sonnet." choice. A definite conflict exists pursuits more information is better An example of one of these between the naturalistic than less.

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Science has been highly One of the greatest mysteries of the insect world involves how creatures transfe successful, but that success should knowledge of complex activities (such as web making) from one generation not force a simple naturalistic to another, often without any contact between parents and their offspring. world view on all the rest of reality. Until naturalistic views such as naturalistic evolution can The butterfly (Lepidoptera) got its scientific name from two Greek words come up with some answers to the that describe the thousands of dustlike scales (lepidos) that cover its wings (pier( great imponderable questions of life, it is unlikely that all scientists will feel that naturalism is the key to all truth. It is probably only normal that some scientists should try to explain everything on a naturalistic basis such as evolution. Scientists are specialists, and the specialist has a particularly insidious problem in that his concentration on a given area tends to decrease his awareness of other realms. Thus the mind can be easily diverted into narrow interpretations, while ignoring a broader reality. The story is told about an inspector at the gate of a large nuclear processing plant. His duty was to check every worker who left the plant to make sure nothing—especially none of the precious and potentially dangerous purified radioactive products—was

10 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Photograph of spider's web by John Shaw; photograph of butterfly wing from Animals/Animals taken. Armed with a Geiger To some scientists the question from the God of the Bible, it may counter, this inspector was faithful of the existence of God is very well owe its foundations to that in thoroughly checking everyone important and one that is not God. There doesn't seem to be a who left. easily dismissed. The problem is sound basis for a conflict between One day a worker showed up intimately related to the question God and the principles of science. with a wheelbarrow loaded with of Creation and evolution, for Many of the pioneers of modern straw. The inspector checked all without God there can be no science believed in Creation, the straw thoroughly with his Creation, while with Him the including Newton, Ray, Linnaeus, Geiger counter, but finding random process of mutations as a Leibniz, and Agassiz. nothing radioactive, he allowed basis for producing advanced the worker and his straw to leave forms of life does not seem like Biblical authentication. Finally, a the plant. The worker appeared intelligent design. Many think that further reason why some scientists again the next day with another there is a serious conflict between believe in Creation is because of wheelbarrow loaded with straw, Creation and science and many the high degree of authentication and the same story repeated itself. opt for science because of its found in the Bible, which includes This went on for several days. perceived success. a definitive account of Creation. Each time the straw was However, the scientist who Authentication is important to thoroughly inspected, nothing believes in Creation does not see scientific thinking, which involves radioactive was found, and the science and Creation in conflict constant testing and evaluation. worker was allowed to leave. because to him the Creator Creation has not been Finally the curiosity of the designed a universe whose more authenticated by science any more inspector reached beyond the simple aspects are orderly and than naturalistic evolution. But the limits of ordinary reserve, and he follow well-defined laws. These Bible, which describes Creation, asked this worker what his laws make science possible and has a high degree of validity both purpose was. Realizing that his successful. Hence God and science from a standpoint of historical trick was being discovered, the are compatible, and the accuracy and from a standpoint of worker informed the inspector that combination of the two has a being a meaningful guide for life. The numerous portions of the Bible that have been authenticated by archeology, geography, and history lend support to its The scientist who believes in Creation does not see Creation account, which is science and Creation in conflict, because to him the endorsed by many of its authors. Creator designed a universe whose more simple Furthermore, the authors of the Bible appeared to be men of aspects are orderly and follow well-defined laws. integrity who were willing to make great sacrifices—even to die—for what they believed to be true. It does not appear that they invented he was smuggling wheelbarrows greater explanatory value than what they wrote, neither does it out of the plant! naturalism alone. appear that we are dealing with Sometimes, as was the case for The thesis proposed by Alfred ordinary mythology; the degree of this inspector, we also get into North Whitehead, who taught historical authentication is too narrow patterns of thought philosophy at Harvard from 1924 high. All this is taken into account without realizing the existence of a to 1936, and others that modern in the analytical thinking of the broader picture. This can be a science developed in the Western scientist who believes in Creation. serious source of world because of its specific One has to discard the general misunderstanding, with each one Judeo-Christian heritage validity of the Bible in order to feeling that his particular area of emphasizes the harmony between reject Creation, and some knowledge is most important. God and science. This thesis scientists are loath to do this. The problem of specialization proposes that the reason modern In summary, there are a number was well known to the American science developed in the Western of reasons why some scientists cowboy-humorist Will Rogers, world was because of the kind of believe in Creation. These include who quipped that there is nothing God described in the Bible, a God the inadequacy of naturalistic so stupid as an educated man of cause and effect and of order. concepts to explain: (1) the origin when you get him off the subject The reason that something similar of life, (2) the development of he is educated in. The scientist to modern science did not develop complex integrated life systems, who believes in Creation feels that in the stable Eastern civilizations (3) the reality beyond naturalism. he is not so bound by the of India or China, which had There is also a validating degree of limitations of specialization and ample time for such, was because authentication to the Bible that that he is in touch with more of their many capricious, cannot be easily ignored. These aspects of reality than the one who unpredictable gods. are all rational reasons for a belief considers only naturalistic While much of contemporary in Creation, and they appeal to the explanations. scientific thinking has moved away scientifically trained mind. Tr THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 11 ANOTHER CREATION LAW STRUCK DOWN

ss than a year after the "typical" pathological been exhausted. Women and Poverty Ldeath of the Arkansas gambler: "A person of The gambler has then "The poverty population creationism law in January, above-normal intelligence, "bottomed out," and, with of this country could be 1982, another Federal judge often from a middle- to means of survival depleted, composed solely of women has struck down a similar upper-middle-class often turns to illegal and their children before the law in Louisiana. background. Smart and methods of obtaining a year 2000"—that is the U.S. district court judge articulate (their IQs usually supply of money. disturbing report in a new Adrian Duplantier ruled last range from the 120s on up), "Bottoming out can lead a book, The Underclass, by Ken November 22 that most pathological gamblers pathological gambler to Auletta, published by Louisiana's constitution are first exposed to abandon his job or family, Random House. Auletta's clearly conferred the power gambling by family to suicide, or to treatment." book describes a growing to establish school policy on members, so for them the Greene reports that among segment of our contempor- the State Board of pastime never takes on the all addictions gambling ary society, America's Elementary and Secondary social stigma that it does for seems to be one of the most new social dropouts— Education, not on the others. curable. street criminals, hustlers, legislature, and therefore the "In their youth—generally Yielding to the temptation long-term welfare recipients, legislature was in error in their late teens or early is expensive: Hopkins and the homeless. when they passed a law 20s—pathological gamblers Center director Robert Auletta's research requiring the public schools usually experience a 'big Politzer "estimates that each indicates if the number of to teach creationism win'—a racetrack, casino, or compulsive gambler disrupts poor in female householder alongside the theory of lottery win, which, in their the lives of 10 to 17 others, families continues to evolution. eyes, is of such mammoth including his relatives, increase at the same rate as The State school board proportions that it makes a creditors, and co-workers. it did from 1968 to 1978, had opposed the creationism lasting impression on The economic price is also then that group would law and sided with the them." They are not high. According to the constitute all our poor in the American Civil Liberties impressed that the odds of center's findings, the next 20 years. Union, which led the court winning are badly stacked average compulsive gambler One in three families fight against the creationism against them. Each loss is a usually bets twice what he headed by women is poor, laws in both Louisiana and challenge to win it all back, makes, and costs society compared with only one in Arkansas. even when every legal approximately $40,000 a ten headed by men and only means of paying losses has year." one in 19 headed by two How Gambling parents. Unavoidably, many Affects Others of these single women Psychology Today become trapped at home, in (September, 1982) writer poverty. The number of Johnny Greene ("The women who headed families Gambling Trap") notes below the poverty line professional estimates that jumped 38.7 percent in the there are 6 million to 9 past seven years. The million gambling addicts in increase was largely among the United States today. young mothers who were The Johns Hopkins black and Hispanic. University Compulsive Says Children's Defense Gambling Counseling Fund head Marian Wright Center, opened in 1979, has Edelman, "I think about compiled a "portrait" of the how hard it would be to raise a child if I were 15 and News items appearing in UPDATE had an eighth-grade represent current events of general interest to the readers of THESE TIMES and should education and I didn't speak not be interpreted as representing the much English and I were in opinions and views of the editors. Since the items come from a variety of news a big city. I can't imagine it. sources, the editors do not assume I can't imagine the isolation, responsibility for inaccuracies beyond our control that might inadvertently be the feeling of hopelessness reproduced on these pages. and fear."

12 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Photograph by Lou Ramirez Religious Magazines "unyielding admiration for Are Hard Pressed this one by John Henry but Not Crushed by Newman" (and he's right Postal Rates about its quality): "The Lord Religious magazines are support you all the day feeling the pressure of long, until the shadows escalating postal rates, but lengthen, and the evening few are planning to cease comes, and the busy world publication. In July the is hushed, and the fever of venerable Church Herald, life is over, and your work publication of the Reformed is done. Then, of His mercy, Church in America, may He grant you a safe announced it might be lodging, a holy rest, and forced to write its own peace at the last, through obituary because of another Jesus Christ our Lord. increase in postage costs. Amen." But the demise of the •Pastor Duane A. Walker, magazine was postponed, First Presbyterian church in according to its editor, Dr. Oceanside, California, John Stapert, because an records these fine words by emergency funding bill John Baillie in And the Life passed by Congress saved Everlasting: "It is not really the day. the shortness of life that Postage rates for nonprofit saddens and offends us, it is its temporality—not that it second-class religious What an 8-year-old remembers about his grandma. publications will reach an ends so soon, but that it all-time plateau in the of the British-based Keston existence—the main work of ends at all; and still more coming months. In addition, College Center for the Study friendship consists of just deeply the fact that, even the U.S. Postal Service has of Religion and Commu- such homely tasks." while it lasts, it is made up nism. •"Forgiveness is the of nothing but endings, of Bordeaux believes that the fragrance the violet sheds on meetings and partings, of peoples of the Soviet bloc the heel that has crushed it" memories and longings, and have seen the empty (Mark Twain, Lutheran). of 'one thing after promise of Communism and Picked up from the another.' " its failure to satisfy inner Washington Post: "In the •The Christian Century needs. Bordeaux lists light of the new word for recently reported on a new Albania as the most taxes—'revenue gimmick that two nightclubs repressive of the Communist enhancement'—a United in California and Texas have states. In second place is Press International radio installed to help their Russia, and it is growing reporter has reworded an late-staying patrons give harsher, he says. Behind the old saying: 'Nothing in life realistic-sounding excuses U.S.S.R come is certain except Negative over the telephone. The announced it will seek a 30 Czechoslovakia, Romania, Patient Care Outcome and device is a soundproof percent increase in these Hungary, and Bulgaria. East Revenue Enhancement.— "What's Your Excuse?" top-level rates, thus Germany, at one time fairly •"A Salvation Army War phone booth that provides a requiring higher postage for severe, is now less Cry published an 8-year-old variety of background nonprofit than profit- repressive. boy's definition of a sounds to accompany a oriented publications. Thus grandmother: 'They are telephone call. The caller the future for religious Life in These Times usually fat, but not too fat to inserts a dollar, pushes a ., magazines is grim, but not • Reviewer Mitch Finley, tie up your shoelaces. They button, and gets two yet fatal. quoting from Eugene wear spectacles, and minutes of background Kennedy, On Being a Friend sometimes they take out sound to make his or her Eastern Bloc Expert (Continuum, $10.95): "The their teeth. They can answer excuse sound more Lists Degrees of main business of friendship every question—for authentic. "I'll be a little Religious Freedom is to sustain and make instance, why dogs hate late, I'm at the auto shop" Religious expression is bearable each other's cats, and why God is not (or police station, or airport stronger in Eastern Europe burdens. We may do more married. Everyone should . . .). Oddly, the most than in the West, and there of that as friends than we have a grandmother, popular button on the are more "genuine" do anything else. Getting especially those who have machine, says its inventor, believers in Russia than through the tough times, no television " (One World). activates the sound effects of there were in the days of offering encouragement •Ernest T. Campbell in his "church," complete with the czars. That's the when the other desperately newsletter reminds us of organ music and the assessment of the Reverend needs it, shoring each other just how beautiful a prayer murmur of a congre- Michael Bordeaux, director up to face the unfairness of can be by confessing his gation. TI'

Photograph by Lou Ramirez Illustration by Tom Dunbebin THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 13 THE ANSWERS OF THE MEDICAL SCHOOL FACULTY Now that you've gone on record, (see page 5) here's how the Harvard Medical School faculty responded, along with a bit of commentary on each answer. 1. Do you smoke cigarettes? Yes 8% No 92% If not, are you a former cigarette smoker? Yes 38% No 62% There's no question that doctors have not only read the warnings but have also seen the consequences "close up" among their patients with heart disease, cancer, and emphysema. Eight percent still smoke cigarettes as compared with 32 percent of the general U.S. population. And only 13 of 49 reported smokers exceeded one pack a day. Former cigarette smokers amounted to 34 percent of all responders. 2. Do you use tobacco in any other form on a daily basis? Yes 11% No 89% Pipes had it over cigars by three to one. No one chewed tobacco, and two used snuff. So long as inhaling is avoided, the danger of lung damage is considerably reduced. 3. Do you use a sleeping pill more than three times a week? Yes 2% No 98% While the low use of sleeping pills might suggest a high level of serenity, we've been at too many faculty meetings to believe that. More likely, it's a healthy desire to avoid drugs that can be habit-forming. The frequent use of some sleeping pills can even interfere with normal sleep patterns. 4. Have you had a routine health examination during the past two years? Yes 54% No 46% We were surprised to find that so many have, given the common notion that doctors are the last ones to seek a routine checkup. As might be guessed, older individuals did so more frequently. Regular health exams were obtained by 41 percent of our faculty in their 30s, 54 percent in their 40s, 65 percent in their 50s, and 80 percent of those over 60. 5. Do you use seat belts routinely? Yes 73% No 27% Hooray! While hardly perfect, the high rate of seat belt use is testimony that at least some common sense prevails in ivory towers. And our guess is that doctors who work in emergency rooms that receive auto accident victims approach 100 percent in their seat belt use. 6. Do you take an antibiotic when you develop an upper respiratory infection? Yes 3% No 97% So much for how we treat our common colds. We hope that our readers will feel secure without antibiotics for theirs. 7. Do you jog or do equivalent aerobic exercise for 20 minutes (or more) at least three times a week? Yes 49% No 51% Vigorous exercise is popular among faculty of all ages and both sexes. While "feeling good" and "looking good" are important reasons for exercise, the kind of exercise we asked about is also believed to promote cardiac fitness. 8. If practicing contraception, do you (or your partner) use contraceptive pills? Yes 5% No 95% Of the two thirds of our responders who practice contraception, the use of the pill by the female partner is strikingly low. One reason, given that 99 percent are beyond the age 30, is that they have probably completed their families, making tubal ligations and vasectomies more acceptable. Also, vascular complications from the pill are higher in older females. 9. If female, do you routinely perform self-examination of your breasts? Yes 72% No 28% If male, do you routinely perform self-examination of your testes? Yes 36% No 64% Early detection of these cancers leads to earlier treatment and a greater number of cures. Self-examination is easy. We'd like to see both men and women achieve 100 percent on this one. 10. Do you eat breakfast? Yes 78% No 22% A point of interest for some, perhaps. It may not be crucial to start the day off with a good meal, but it may indicate a greater awareness of the importance of nutrition. 14 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 11. Do you weigh more than ten pounds above what you'd like to weigh? Yes 29% No 71% While 29 percent of our faculty are not as trim as they'd like to be, in most cases it's apt to be more a concern for appearance than for health. A few extra pounds are usually not a health hazard. 12. Do you take more than two alcoholic drinks a day? Yes 7% No 93% While abstinence is obviously the most prudent course when it comes to alcohol, people who consume more than two alcoholic drinks a day have serious cause for concern. 13. Do you restrict your consumption of red meat to three times a week or less? Yes 44% No 56% A surprising number restrict red meat consumption, probably because of evidence linking red meat consumption to bowel cancer, and possibly to avoid the animal (saturated) fat present in red meat. 14. Do you try to maintain a high bran or fiber content in your diet? Yes 41% No 59% High fiber diets clearly help constipation. Some believe such diets also decrease the risk for bowel cancer by promoting more rapid evacuation of carcinogens from the colon. 15. Do you drink coffee? Yes 83% No 17% Of those who drink coffee, 47 percent have two cups or fewer a day, 45 percent average three to five cups, and only 8 percent exceed five cups. Many of the health problems associated with coffee consumption are still being studied and evaluated, but all would agree that too much coffee can cause jitteriness, palpitations, and insomnia. 16. Do you restrict your egg intake to three per week or fewer? Yes 79% No 21% A surprisingly high degree of egg restriction presumably owing to concerns about cholesterol. 17. Does your household use margarine (as opposed to butter)? Yes 69% No 31% Again, it's probably concern for cholesterol levels that prompts the use of margarine, which is high in polyunsaturated fat as compared with butter. Margarine is also less expensive. 18. Do you visit your dentist for a checkup at regular intervals? Yes 84% No 16% Good sense. Fewer root-canal jobs, we hope. 19. Do you floss your teeth daily? Yes 41% No 59% The greatest cause of tooth loss among adults is peridontal disease, not caries. And flossing should help remove the plaque that contributes to peridontal disease. 20. Do you take vacations during which no work is done? Yes 83% No 17% Probably a healthy practice, but hardly an essential one. Several responders described their golf games as more work than play. 21. Do you take a daily multivitamin? Yes 14% No 86% There's no real need for vitamin supplementation if one eats a balanced, healthful diet and does not face special circumstances (e.g., pregnancy, digestive disorders). 22. Do you ever make purchases in stores devoted exclusively to health foods? Yes 25% No 75% Many "health foods" are overpriced in respect to their true nutritional value. But they often do contain less preservatives and additives than do the supermarket brands. 23. Do you use vitamin C to protect against colds? Yes 14% No 86% Few seem to believe that vitamin C really works. Or else they find that daily pill-taking is more bothersome than a few days of sneezing and dripping. 24. Do you take a laxative or enema if you do not have a bowel movement for two days? Yes 3% No 97% There's a wide variation in bowel habits among normal people, and apparently few of our faculty believe the ads promoting medications to achieve "regularity."

Adapted from The Harvard Medical School Health Letter. Used by permission. © June, 1982. THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 15 The Day I Finally Cried

Amid the applause of the spectators, I crept away to cry by myself and to thank God for all the warm, understanding people who make it possible for my retarded daughter to be like her fellow human beings.

BY MARGARET HILL didn't cry when I learned I unexpected things happened to proceeded to be sick myself. Just was the parent of a mentally her classmates because of her. as I had forced my daughter to go Ihandicapped child. I remember From the beginning, Kristi was to school, now I forced myself to praying while the neurologist given stature, with emphasis on go to the program. examined Kristi: "Please, God, what she could do rather than on It seemed that it would never be help me to have the strength to what she could not do. Each time for the third-graders to accept whatever this doctor has to school year her classmates sensed perform. And when at last they tell me, and the wisdom to deal that here was someone who did, I knew why Kristi had been with it." needed a little extra help. Often worried. Her class was divided I just sat still and didn't say when boasting of their own into relay teams. She, with her anything when my husband and I accomplishments, as children will limp and slow reactions, would were informed that 2-year-old do, Kristi's classmates remembered surely hold up her team to the Kristi was—as we had to include her with praise such as point of conspicuousness. suspected—retarded. "Do you know what Kristi did However, things went well "Go ahead and cry," the doctor today? She got all her spelling enough until it was time for the advised kindly. words right. Every one." No one gunnysack race. Now each child "I never cry," I told him. bothered to add that her spelling had to climb into a sack from a "Well, you should," he said. list was much easier than that of standing position, hop to a goal "Everyone needs to cry. Helps other members of the class. line, return, and climb out of the prevent serious emotional An especially rough spot sack. difficulties." occurred in the springtime of I watched Kristi standing there But serious difficulties Kristi's fourth year in school. That near the end of her line of players, notwithstanding, I couldn't cry turned out to be the day I finally looking anxious. She knew, and I then or during the months that cried. knew, that she could not struggle followed. I thought I would never The principal had scheduled the into that sack without toppling cry again, even though my end-of-school program for that over. I sensed that this was the husband did on occasion. day. Each year the program is a loneliest moment of her life since Being the parent of a culmination of daily music and that day when she had first handicapped child is, after all, physical education activities—a entered school. much the same as being the parent spontaneous, fun program. And I glanced at Kristi's teacher and of any child, with good times and each year I found myself dreading saw that she and the student bad times. Sometimes I felt like the event, for Kristi lacks skill in teacher were looking tense also. crying when I observed Kristi both music and motor Perhaps they were wishing as being denied certain activities and coordination. This year Kristi fervently as I that Kristi had normal friendships, but in general didn't want to go to school the day remained at home. she was well accepted by of the program. She pretended to But as Kristi's turn to participate neighbors, friends, teachers, and be sick as schooltime approached. in the race approached, a change fellow classmates. Desperately I wanted to keep her took place in her team. The When Kristi was old enough to home. She was fearful, and I was children became alert. The tallest attend school, we might have sent fearful, that in this event she boy in the line stepped behind her away to a special one, but would be unable to compete. All Kristi and placed his hands on her decided that what a child needs the anxious moments and minor waist. Two other boys stood a most is family. I could have taught crises since that devastating day in little in front of her. The moment her at home, but protection from the neurologist's office seemed to the player in front of Kristi the real world is no solution to the have been building up to this stepped from the sack, the two problems of the handicapped. So day—when Kristi might fail in a boys grabbed the sack and held it we enrolled Kristi in kindergarten gymnasium filled with parents, open while the tall boy behind at age 7. students, and teachers. Kristi lifted her and dropped her It would have been comforting What a simple solution to the neatly into the sack. A girl in front to cry the day I left her in that problem it would be just to let the of Kristi took hold of her hand and room full of self-assured, eager, child stay home. Missing a supported her briefly until Kristi alert 5-year-olds. Kristi had spent program wouldn't matter. gained her balance. Then off she hour upon hour playing by herself But at the last minute my hopped, smiling amid the cheers for years, but this moment, when conscience wouldn't let me off that of teachers and classmates. With a she was the different child among easily. Kristi's usual reaction to little help from a few other people, 20, was probably the most lonely unpleasant or difficult situations is Kristi was able to be almost like she had known. to develop physical symptoms. For everyone else. But unexpected things happened years we had been trying to teach Amid the applause of the to Kristi in her school, and her that one cannot evade reality spectators, I crept away to cry by by getting sick. Now, at this myself and to thank God for all Margaret Hill is a counselor at Laramie critical moment, I must reinforce the warm, understanding people (Wyoming) High School, working with this teaching, I reasoned. So I in my life who make it possible for students, parents, and teachers in striving to do practically shoved a pale, reluctant my retarded daughter to be like a better job of living. © 1983 by Margaret Hill. Kristi onto the school bus and her fellow human beings. Tr Illustration by Lou Skidmore THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 17 - RUNAWA Y A GROWING NATIONAL EPIDEMIC

No one knows how many runaways like Danny live in America's cities. One estimate says 20,000 runaways under the age of 16 live in New York City alone. But the final solution to America's runaway problem lies in America's homes—in parents who care about their young people. BY WILLIAM NOEL

anny hits the streets and being an adult, he decided the days of shelter until he could get around Manhattan's Times only solution was to run. Local back on his feet. The friend DSquare during the noon police found his bicycle at the bus seemed to have a special interest hour to pick up some business in station. The ticket agent recalled in his well-being, making the lunch-hour crowd. He doesn't selling Danny a ticket to New York unexpected efforts to be sure his have to wait long for a customer. City. New York City police were every desire was met. They disappear together into a notified to be on the lookout for The friend even helped Danny hotel that specializes in short stays Danny, but among the thousands find a job. But that's when Danny and reappear an hour later, Danny of homeless and runaway youths learned the true nature of his with $50 in his pocket as payment on the city streets he had simply "friend"—the "interview" to for his services. Danny is a male disappeared. Unless he sought the which he was taken turned into prostitute. At 16 he has been in help of the police there was little the most frightening experience of the business for two years. chance of his being found. his life. The friend was a "runner" Danny got started when he ran For Danny, New York promised who made his living finding new away from a good home in which to be an escape, a place to hide bodies to replenish a pimp's stable he was loved and had everything until he could work through his of prostitutes. In an hour Danny a teen-ager could want. In a problems. Instead it became a was raped, beaten, sodomized, moment of crisis that seemed too dead end. Within hours of his and ordered onto the streets to sell great for anyone to help and arrival, his wallet was stolen by an his body. Further, he was to feeling trapped between childhood addict in search of money to buy return all earnings to the pimp, another fix. Someone else stole his who would give him just enough William Noel is a free-lance writer living in new jacket. After Danny spent two on which to survive. Any attempts New Hyde Park, New York. 1983 by William nights shivering in dark corners, a to hold back earnings or to run Noel. friendly soul offered him a few away would bring violent

Photograph by Luis Ramirez THESE TIMES MARCH 1983 19 punishment. A punch in the ribs depressed area of the city, but if every prostitute in his stable drove home the point. nowhere in such a concentration were arrested every night, he as around Times Square. could still make a profit. The usual Danny knows prostitution is Pornography and prostitution earnings from each of his workers wrong. He learned that in church. thrive, preying upon youthful is estimated by police to be Desperation got him started, and bodies. The pimp and the between $300 and $500 a night. now there seems to be no way prostitute have been made folk The industry survives because of out. Danny hates himself, his heroes in the rebellion against two main factors: (1) the pimp, his customers, and life in authority, rather than being willingness of customers to pay general for being so cruel to him, portrayed as the sick, depraved, whatever price necessary to get but prostitution is the only way he and unloving people they really sexual thrills and (2) a plentiful knows to survive. Sure, the pimp are. Warped minds desire cheap supply of inexpensive, gullible gives him attention that no one and easy sexual thrills. The pimp youths who are attracted by false else does. A broken nose was and other merchants of hopes of glamour and fame. If the reward for holding back $5 once. pornography are all too happy to market did not demand youthful His eyes have been blackened supply the demands of customers bodies, then the problem of uncounted times just because the for a price. homeless and runaway youths pimp was drunk and angry. Yet Both organized crime and would not be so severe. If the when he is arrested for independent operators capitalize supply of youths did not exist, prostitution, it is the pimp who on this nefarious business for huge customers would have to satisfy comes to pay his $100 fine and get profits. Prostitutes can be hired in their desires in other ways. Either him out of jail. any block around Times Square at would be a step in the right Danny has sold his body in the any hour of the day or night. direction, but, unfortunately, back seat of cars, in seedy hotel Pornographic bookstores and neither seems to be the slightest rooms where the rats sometimes theaters remain open 24 hours a possibility. are as big as cats, and in alleys day. For prices as low as 25 cents that reek from the urine of aperson can select from a variety Authorities and citizens alike derelicts. He has "serviced" of short pornographic films have become alarmed at the salesmen and executives, depicting explicit sexual acts. For a problem of homeless and runaway housewives and secretaries, men few dollars you can gain youths in New York City and have and women, but mostly men. He admission to a variety of theaters, mobilized to combat the problem. would give anything to be back some advertising a mix of live Two outstanding groups among home with his family, to sleep a sexual acts being performed on the many involved are the Youth whole night undisturbed in his stage. Police officials estimate that Services Unit of the Port Authority own bed, to taste his mother's more than half of those posing for police and the staff of Under-21, a cooking. Just once he would like pornographic pictures or program of Covenant House. Each to attend church again with his performing in peep shows are group has become involved in a family. Church bells on Sunday minors. Lacking sufficient proof or different phase of the problem and near Times Square make him cry. laws with stiff enough penalties to has become distinguished for He wants desperately to leave this make the business unprofitable, excellent service. living hell, but is too afraid that the police are powerless to make The Port Authority Police Youth the pimp who owns him might kill arrests. Services Unit (YSU) operates out him when he tries. Police efforts at halting the of an office in the large main bus spread of pornography and terminal in Manhattan's West Nobody knows how many prostitution have been only Side, a few blocks from Times Dannys there are in New York slightly successful at best. Even Square. Pornography and City. One commonly cited well-publicized efforts by civic prostitution are visible as in few estimate says there are about leaders in New York City have other places in the country. Within 20,000 runaways under the age of met with little in the way of sight of the terminal several 16 alone. Add those who are tangible results. Most lawmakers pornographic theaters thrive, one homeless but not runaways and view the problem as a private vice even advertising live homosexual runaways over 16, and all without victims, that if people acts on stage. estimates become inaccurate. Only want it there is little that Operating since 1975, the YSU a few have become prostitutes, but authorities can or should do about incorporates the teamwork of all are street-wise youth with it. plainclothes police officers and animal cunning for survival. The few businesses that are social workers. Their objective is to Some are runaways from other closed down usually move and intercept the incoming runaways cities, but most come from reopen under a different name. and send them home before they depressed areas within New York Add the widespread involvement can get into trouble. Staff members City, the ghettos of the Bronx, of organized crime, and control readily admit that they are not Brooklyn, and Harlem. They sleep becomes even more difficult. Most getting all the runaways coming in alleys, abandoned buildings, or laws on the books are either through, but they did get a large cheap hotels when they can afford ineffective or merely a nuisance. number—more than 1,200—in them. You can find them in any One pimp on 42d Street brags that 1982.

20 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Staff social worker Katherine Rood says that spotting runaways is simple. They all have a bewildered, lost look. And bags such as pillowcases or garbage bags are giveaways. "The easiest time to spot them is between 9:00 A.M. and 3:00 P.M. Monday through Friday, because they're not in school. But, in addition, sometimes they look disheveled, tired, lost, perhaps slightly dirty. They might have been leaning against walls, sleeping on floors, or something like that." Further, she says that kids run away for "almost every reason: problems with their parents, which could be of many different types, problems at school, peer pressure. Sometimes there are drug or alcohol problems within the home or alcohol problems they have themselves. Then you have cases of child abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse."

The runaways intercepted by At first glance she looked like any schoolgirl waiting for her parents. But as I team members come from all races approached her she said, "Hi, are you looking for a date?" and informed me and socioeconomic groups from that her apartment was just around the corner. As we talked, a childlike every State in the union, but innocence kept breaking through her streetwise veneer. I wondered who especially from within a few she would be in a few years. hours' driving time of New York City. Young people generally are attracted to the major city nearest their home, but New York has special fame and appeal. Ask any member of the team what will happen to a youth who gets to the street, and you will get a spine-chilling description of young people becoming involved with drugs, stealing to survive, or prostitution. Kathy says that quite often the exploitation of these youths involves "working in local peep shows, sex shows, and working for a pimp. That is for both male and female." Such exploitation "is very common if they don't get back in touch with their family or get intercepted by one of our teams or a New York City police officer." Kathy and the other social workers try hardest to get the youths headed back home, where they belong. For those coming from only a few hours away, a call is made to the parents and a meeting set up at the YSU office, where the child, parent, and social worker will discuss the problem

Photographs by Luis Ramirez THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 21 intercepting runaways take place during the school year—especially around exam times and the Christmas and Thanksgiving holidays, when emotions run high. "Quite often they run away on impulse, just to get away from something, with no idea where they are going," Kathy says. "When they do run, I feel it is because of a crisis. They may have tried in other ways to let their parents or other family members know that something is wrong, but when it hits the stage of running away, it is a crisis time. The child is calling out for attention, making a very loud statement that something is wrong. And our work is crisis intervention."

While the Youth Services Unit works on preventing runaways from getting to the streets, another group a few blocks away works with the kids who are already there. The work of Under-21 began with the attempt of Franciscan Priest Bruce Ritter to do something about suffering in the big city. He left his comfortable job as a college chaplain and rented a tenement apartment. Soon he began taking in homeless youths who needed food and shelter. Word spread, and many came for help. One night there was no more room, and he had to turn back to the streets two teary-eyed youths who had nowhere to stay. That night Ritter made a vow to God that as long as he was able, he would never again turn away another youth who needed shelter. That vow has never been Social Worker Katherine Rood and Sergeant South, of the Youth Service Unit, broken. interviewing a runaway. I was amazed at how fast they cut through the kids' The tenement apartment has false fronts. Their work goes beyond professionalism; they have a sincere been replaced by a modern, desire to save those kids from a nightmare on the streets. well-equipped building and a city license to care for 115 youths. that led to the child's running have been as young as 9, with Keeping to his vow, he admits away. Hopefully the problem is most falling in the 13 to 15 age youth on an as-needed and well en route to a solution by the group, the ages when teen-age no-questions-asked basis. Often time the parents and child return conflicts are often the greatest. the nightly census is more than home. This procedure also ensures They are no longer children, but 200. A recent phenomenon in that the safe return of the child. not quite adults. population is a growing number of Follow-up work is conducted by Besides family problems, the teen-age unwed mothers. the YSU social workers and, if biggest causes of crises leading to Besides a place to sleep, the needed, social service agencies running away revolve around shelter provides medical care, near the family home. school problems and an inability to three meals a day, counseling on Youth intercepted by the unit handle them. Peak times for spiritual and personal matters, 22 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Photograph by Luis Ramirez with news items or just to carrying toys given him as maintain the contact with payment from customers. people who really care. The problem of runaway and Success with street kids comes homeless youths has never been hard, however. Of the more than worse than it is now, and there is 9,000 youths who sought help at no end in sight. All these young the Under-21 shelter in 1981, more people came from a home than 65 percent returned to the somewhere. For some it was a streets, the only way of life they good home, fled from in a knew. moment of crisis. They never Talk to Sister Gretchen or read intended to get sucked up in one of Ritter's monthly prostitution or pornography, but newsletters, and you will be an empty stomach and a broken confronted with the devastating nose can be powerful persuasion reality of pornography and to do as they are told just to prostitution, how they ruin lives survive. and warp minds, and why both For others their home was a bad Franciscan Priest Bruce Bitter Ritter and Sister Gretchen remain scene they could not tolerate. actively involved in the fight to Having spent considerable time on vocational guidance and training, stamp out the problem. A major the streets, they simply stayed legal assistance, and, most of all, portion of their work consists of there, feeling it easier to survive sanctuary. Inside the shelter reside putting back together the shattered there than put up with problems only residents and carefully lives other people broke to obtain at home. selected staff. sexual thrills. Still others have no home to which they could return if they Sanctuary is the key word. With One point becomes very clear safety inside, residents leave the whether you talk to the police or wanted to. What home they had dangers of the streets at the door. anyone else dealing with the simply disintegrated. Whatever the Youth find a place to sleep, to take problem. If no market for background, they are young and a shower, to make new friends, or pornography existed then the trying to survive on their own in a just to be alone in peace. They problem of runaway and homeless hostile environment when they also experience encouragement to youths would not be as severe or should be in a home where they continue their education or learn a difficult to deal with. Kids get can be sheltered and trained to trade. Staff members help them involved with it and become the survive legitimately until they are reestablish contact with parents or property of pimps, to be bought ready to face the world. survive on their own by legitimate and sold, used and abused, and If there is a solution, it lies means. A staff of more than 250 when no longer marketable, within the home, a secure place paid personnel, plus volunteers, thrown away or even murdered. where problems can be solved operate the New York shelter 24 A shocking number of youths, with the support of the parents so hours a day with a budget that known only by their street names, there will be no perceived need to comes almost entirely from have been buried in potter's run away. Though crisis times will individual and business donations. graves after they were no longer arise in any home, children need Ritter calls them "my" kids. So salable or tried to run away. The to know that they can take the does nearly every other staff pimps or others simply murdered problem home, that their dad and member. It is a protective them. With too little evidence the mother will work with them, and relationship that springs from police cannot make arrests. that the problem will be solved seeing great need and being Don't tell Ritter that prostitution somehow. involved in doing something about is a "victimless" crime. He will tell This simple fact can prevent it. you about the teen-age boy who your son or daughter from joining Sister Gretchen, the executive was chased to the door of the Danny on the streets of a city near director of Under-21, speaks shelter by an enraged pimp you. intensely of the program and her waving a broken whiskey bottle involvement with it. She has seen and threatening to kill him for WHAT YOU CAN DO TO HELP it grow from a limited project to running away. Ritter tells of the Local runaway shelters need help. For the the present work. There have been girl who kept getting arrested by shelter in your area, call toll free the National emergencies at odd hours of the police for prostitution. Police never Runaway Switchboard at 800-621-4000 night, heartaches, and hard work. checked her age, and the pimp (800-972-6004 in Illinois) or the Runaway In spite of that, the rewards and Hotline at 800-231-6946 (800-392-3352 in kept paying her fines. A few days Texas). blessings make her love the work. after she turned 12, someone, The National Fund for Runaway Children From time to time young people either her pimp or an angry helps youths across the United States. For return to see old friends and speak customer, pushed her out a information, write: National Fund for of their success in life, thanks to tenth-story window, killing her. Runaway Children, 1511 K St., Suite 805, the lift they received when they Ritter tells of the 10-year-old boy Dept. P, Washington, D.C. 20005. needed it most. Letters come in who arrived at the shelter door

Photograph by Kenneth Siegel THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 23 qi3Writri53 oes Grace Make God's Law Unnecessary?

BY NORMAN E. LUNT

If the law is not needed in the Christian life, then why did Jesus teach the permanence of the law, Paul eclare it holy, d John tell readers to obey God's command- ments?

wonder where the Idevil is," pondered my little preschool girl, taking a break from coloring a hippopotamus. "I don't know," replied her smaller brother, shrugging his shoulders while creating a green giraffe. "I sure would like to know where the devil is!" Shelly was giving every indication now that she was insisting on an answer from her little brother. Shaun laid down his crayon in order to give the matter the full to benefit of his 4 years of wisdom. spread more Staring out the window with chin lies that deface the in hands, he deliberated for a character of God and misrepresent moment and then concluded, "I His plan for saving sinners. don't know. But I sure hope he's On one hand, he's managed to in Africa!" convince some people that the Satan is alive and well all over way to heaven is by works and Planet Earth. And ever since the penance. If you can just obey incident in the Garden of Eden, God's law and shed enough blood, it's been his avowed objective sweat, and tears, you might make

24 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 it. On the other hand, the archliar The courts of our land correctly of what value is it? "I would not has succeeded in getting others to recognize the value of motive. have known what sin was except view God's grace in such a way Isn't that the difference between through the law" (Romans 7:7). that it makes no room for law. murder and manslaughter? A rank Think of law as a sin detector. These people are so horrified at legalist is one who is obeying the "Through the law we become the thought of being labeled law in order to be saved rather than conscious of sin" (Romans 3:20). legalist that they almost have heart because he is saved. If prostitution Law has instructional value. Love failure at the mere mention of the is a bribed or illegitimate constrains, while law informs. Love word law. It's no surprise, then, expression of love, then legalism provides the motivation, while law that a Gallup poll recently prostitutes, or propositions, God's gives the direction. Love would be discovered that only half of all love. Obedience for the sake of quite ill-informed and in almost evangelical Christians could name acceptance is bondage. Obedience total darkness if it were not for any five of the Ten Command- for victory over sin following one's God's law. Jesus reasoned, "If you ments, found in Exodus 20. acceptance is freedom. love me, you will obey what I I think it can safely be stated Let's make no mistake: We are command" (John 14:15). Love is that most errors regarding saved by grace alone through faith the why. Law is the how. salvation may be traced ultimately alone in Jesus Christ alone. The A sign attached to a towering to defective views of the law and apostle Paul states without fence surrounding a convent read: justice of God. equivocation that "no one will be "Absolutely No Trespassing! declared righteous in his sight by Violators will be prosecuted to the Anyone who has ever received a observing the law" (Romans fullest extent of the law. Signed, ticket for speeding knows the 3:20).* But does this mean that Sisters of Mercy." We can't help feeling that arises when he salvation comes by anarchy? Do smiling at that because it seems so suddenly discovers his rearview we "nullify the law by this faith? incongruous that mercy would mirror filled with whirling blue Not at all! Rather, we uphold the employ law. We picture grace and strobe lights. Many think of law as law" (verse 31). God's grace does law as absolute opposites at the far having no heart. It's a cold, 100 percent of the saving. ends of the spectrum. impersonal sort of thing that's just God illustrated the way of As a method of salvation they waiting to nail you if you step out salvation for us when He asked certainly are extreme opposites. of line. Cain and Abel to make an animal But there is a sense in which they My wife and I have a few rules sacrifice (Genesis 4). Abel obeyed work together very closely. for our children. Don't hit. Don't by placing a slain animal upon his Because of my sins the law grab. Be kind. Be honest. It's not altar, while Cain presented the condemns me, and I stand in uncommon for our kids to finest fruit from his orchards. By desperate need of a Saviour. So, in disapprove of our rules accepting Abel's offering and a sense, law made grace occasionally. However, with a little rejecting Cain's, God was necessary. But grace would not be time and maturity they've come to declaring from the beginning that safe without upholding law. realize that Mom and Dad aren't the way of salvation came by the just standing by with a water hose shed blood of Calvary's Lamb of It's a common mistake to think waiting to douse any fun they God and not by the prize-winning of the Old Testament as a book of might be having, but that we're fruit produced in our lives. law and the New Testament a really interested in their health "Without the shedding of blood book of grace. Some are surprised and happiness. Just as civil laws there is no forgiveness" (Hebrews to discover that grace abounds in are designed to protect our 9:22). Jesus is my sin offering. the Old Testament (see Isaiah 53 freedoms, not to restrict them, so Obedience is my thank offering. and 54; 55:1-7; Jeremiah 31:33, 34; God's law is telling us how to live Ezekiel 36:25-28). A gospel current in such a way that we can We are saved by faith alone, but runs throughout the entire Old experience the greatest possible the same faith that saves is never Testament, reaching a climax in happiness and fulfillment. The law alone. Because I am accepted by the prophecies predicting the was made for man, not man for God's gracious act at Calvary, my coming of the Messiah. the law. astonished acceptance bursts forth And law is respected and in grateful obedience—the fruit of upheld in the New Testament. But is obedience legalism? Of love. Just as a tree cannot long Jesus taught the permanent course not. Good citizens obey the remain alive without bearing validity of the law (Matthew laws. Legalism is illegal. Legalism leaves, no Christian can long 5:17-19), while Paul upholds the is law that has jumped its rightful remain spiritually alive without law and declares it holy, boundaries. It's not obedience to bearing the fruitage of cooperation righteous, and good (Romans 3:31; law that makes one a legalist; with God. 7:12). James assures his readers rather, it's one's attitude or motive Well, if law contributes 0 that whoever transgresses a single for complying with God's law. percent toward my salvation, then commandment of the law is a transgressor of the whole law Norman Lunt is pastor of the Calhoun, Georgia, " Unless otherwise noted, all texts in this article are (James 2:8-11). from The Holy Bible: New International Version. Copyright C Seventh-day Adventist church. © 1983 by 1978 by the New York International Bible Society. Used by And John, the apostle of love, Norman E. Lunt. permission of Zondervan Bible Publishers. defines sin as "lawlessness" Photograph by Dave Sherwin THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 25 (1 John 3:4) and instructs his the source of life, but shouldn't it thoughtfully replied that he was readers to obey the be the manner of our lives? The just trying to figure out how to commandments of God (1 John power of gratitude born out of help his son to want to get out. 5:3). Regardless of time or love enables us to dethrone sin The only decision-making that testaments, salvation has always and let righteousness reign in our counts is the decision-making that been made effectual by God's lives. comes from within. With God's grace, the shed blood of Jesus; and In the book Pilgrim's Progress, law, or will, inscribed on our man's response has always been Christian makes little progress hearts, our obedience will spring lawful obedience. until he reaches the cross and feels from inward promptings rather I'm thankful that Jesus lived in the burden of his sins roll away. than from outward restraints. such a way that He was able to Though our creaturely obedience fulfill the law's demand for a will never come to the place where The greatest evidence that the perfect life. Jesus lived every it equals that of Jesus our Pattern, law has not been annulled centers moment in perfect harmony with God does promise that sin will on the cross. From the beginning His Father's will, even though He lose its dominion and power over us the law demanded that if you was punished as if He were a (Romans 6:6, 11-14). As a favorite sinned you died (Genesis 3:3). criminal. Jesus had sin on Him but hymn says, "Be of sin the double Having broken the law we owe it not in Him. We have sin in us but cure, cleanse me from its guilt and satisfaction by the kind of death not on us. Think of it! "Therefore, power." that meets its penalty. So how then are we saved? Does God declare amnesty for us? Does He rewrite the heavenly constitution? Many are surprised to learn that grace abounds in No, He upholds the law by allowing His Son, Jesus, to die in the Old Testament and God's law is respected and our place. Jesus was "obedient upheld in the New Testament. unto death" (Philippians 2:8, K.J.V.). If the law could have been done away with, then Christ would not have needed to die. But Christ died rather than set the law there is now no condemnation for Let's remember that sin is the aside. those who are in Christ Jesus" worst thing that's ever happened A long gaze at the cross tells us (Romans 8:1). in all the universe. It's why we're how seriously God regards His As long as we remain in Christ in such a mess. Whatever form it law. It was there that Christ bore Jesus, His perfect life stands in takes, sin is essentially man's the compounded wrath of a holy place of our imperfections, and declaration of independence from God for every sin that would ever we're shielded from the God his Creator. The people of be committed. It was there that condemnation of the law. In fact, Christ's day made the mistake of Christ experienced the rejection of it's illegal for the law to condemn thinking of the law in terms of the His Father intended for us. His us. Otherwise it would be like obvious and superficial do's and Father's condemnation came as a prosecuting someone a second don'ts. Jesus endeavored to push bolt of lightning from the heavens, time for the same offense. back the horizons of their causing Him involuntarily to heave For some time after World War understanding of the law and help to and fro in anguish. II, reports would tell of another them see how its principles touch Picture Him on Calvary's cross group of Japanese soldiers hiding and diffuse every aspect of our enduring the torrential flood of in the Philippine mountains. Cut lives. Sin is ultimately man's God's wrath poured forth without off from news reports, men lived ill-fated assertion of autonomy and any mixture of God's mercy. His for years unaware that hostilities is always self-defeating. spirit was impaled with our had ended. They feared their A Christian, however, is transgressions, and His soul was discovery would result in death. someone who is receiving a heart racked with the excruciating pain Occasionally a soldier would panic transplant—from the heart of God. of bearing the weight of the and needlessly take his life. The twice-born Christian pleads, world's iniquities. People today need to hear the "Create in me a pure heart, 0 On that Friday afternoon God good news that because of Jesus God" (Psalm 51:10). God's desire stood to His feet and shouted His the hostilities are over. "Therefore, is to place His law in our minds judgment of sin heard in the since we have been justified and engrave it on our hearts deafening roar of the thunder. through faith, we have peace with (Jeremiah 31:33). And as the heavenly gavel God through our Lord Jesus John Dewey was standing hammered its verdict, the earth Christ" (Romans 5:1). Justice and nearby while watching his son quaked and reeled in response and mercy embraced at the cross. play in a puddle of water. A friend the sun hid its face in horror as But because Jesus has fulfilled walked by and remarked that his their Creator—the Judge of all the law for us, does that release us son would catch a cold and asked being judged for all—was from the law as a rule of life? why he didn't tell his son to get declared "Guilty!" and Grateful obedience is certainly not out of the puddle. Mr. Dewey sentenced to a sinner's death.

26 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983

Salvation is free, but costly.

The cross now stands between BY BILL LOVELESS the millenniums of time as the greatest testimony to God's changeless law. God Himself is law-abiding. He saves sinners To help you get the most out of THESE TIMES, we offer Reflections, a guide to legally in accordance with His law deeper understanding of individual articles. Actually, we'd like to challenge you and not just on the basis of His to probe these issues that can enrich your life and make them more fulfilling. power and authority. Thus it can Please read each article first, then consider Bill Loveless' suggestions. Bill is a be said that "he is faithful and just master at inspiring people to think—and to enjoy doing it. to forgive us our sins" (1 John 1:9, Why Some Scientists Believe in Creation page 6 K.J.V.). 1. What seemingly simple bodily processes are examples of a Who can express the pride and complex, integrated system? joy parents experience when their 2. Survival of the fittest doesn't explain development of complex, child tries to imitate them? Recently my little son took a integrated biological systems because picture of me, propped it up against the bathroom mirror, and proceeded to part and comb his 3. a. Define each of the "imponderables" of life named below. hair the same way I do. Children identify with their parents by love modeling their speech and actions and by reflecting their values. freedom of choice The deepest longing of my soul is to be like my heavenly Father. loyalty But what is He like? The law creativity portrays His character in writing. God sat for His portrait, and the b. Which of the above can you explain without recourse to result was the law. While on earth Divinity? Jesus animated the law and put 4. Describe the creationist's explanation of the harmony between flesh and blood on it. And science and creation. whether it's in the area of telling 5. The author lists four basic reasons why some scientists believe the truth, putting God first, in Creation. What are these reasons, and which one is the most keeping the seventh-day Sabbath, impressive to you? or having respect for another's property, the redeemed children of Does Grace Make God's Law Unnecessary? page 24 God likewise will "delight in 1. Half of all evangelical Christians can name five of the ten God's law" (Romans 7:22). commandments found in Exodus 20. How many can you name? One method of catching mink in 2. Is a legalist a person who obeys because he's saved or one who England is to wait until the mink obeys to be saved? have left the den and then cover ❑ obeys because he is saved ❑ obeys to be saved the entrance with grease. A trap is then positioned in such a way that If you have found Reflections helpful, we offer one more suggestion: We have the returning mink have only the available an expanded version of Reflections called "Discussion Guides." These choice of either going through all guides are designed to act as aids for study groups. Perhaps your church or the grease and dirt or surrendering community club would find these guides a perfect catalyst for sprightly their lives. Knowing that the mink conversation and continuing study. Certainly they are worth trying. will almost always choose death rather than soil their beautiful soft fur, the trappers are able to FOR DISCUSSION GUIDES SEND IN THIS COUPON: Please send me the Discussion Guides along with THESE TIMES capture the valuable animals. for 3 months for group participants. Death rather than dishonor. Satan continues to tempt people (Minimum order 3 participants.) Payment enclosed ($2.75 everywhere to question the per quarter for each participant.) Please automatically renew my simple, clear statement of God. order in the future until I write "cancel" on my invoice. But the issue is simple and ❑ decisive: grateful obedience or Please send me a free sample Discussion Guide. presumptuous disobedience. It's a Ship to: Name Address matter of life and death. "Here is the patience of the saints: here are City State Zip they that keep the commandments Mail order to: THESE TIMES MINISTRIES, 6856 Eastern Avenue of God, and the faith of Jesus" NW., Washington, D.C. 20012. (Revelation 14:12, K.J.V.). Tr THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 27 A SERMON ON THE RUNWAY

e sat on the crowded whispered a message in the Wplane awaiting rain: takeoff—my husband, our Calm down. God is youngest daughter, and everywhere, even in this myself. Already my head fast-paced world. In the places was splitting. I am not an where rain falls in hidden air traveler. I am ever valleys and violets flower where conscious of my country no man comes to see. But if His roots when hustling around peace is in your heart, it will airports. All the confused go with you through the skies sophistication is not for me. and into urban centers where I am never more aware of all is madness. He is not my mortality than when limited to Edens. You must lifted into the sky on that bring His rest to the frantic thrust of power and steel. places. That's your mission as Only necessity or well as mine. convenience sends me up Could it be that I who so into that space beyond the withdraw from freeways clouds. and skyscrapers, from This day necessity had airports and subways, from rule, and I resigned myself crowded streets and neon to a long cross-country lights, could possibly carry flight. Beyond the tiny His peace with me into windows, rain began to fall, those places? That I could be splattering into dark-gray rain and wind and summer spots on the summer-dry grasses to a scurrying cement. I was grateful for world? the instruments in the contentedly at my side, rolling hills of eastern Not just you, but His cockpit that would enable comfortably immune to my Washington, green with followers everywhere. That's the the pilot to guide us safely discomfort and new wheat. We saw the assignment. Reflecting Him in through the murk. (It so apprehension), I noted a snowfields of Mount Rainier the most impossible places. happened that we tiny patch of grass that had pink in the light of early Being a new creature in the ricocheted about in an forced its way through a evening. Once, at sunset, most unlikely circumstances. electrical storm for fifteen or crack in the runway. It had we stopped along the Scattering love where love has twenty minutes after reached maturity, and its highway to photograph a died. Singing when there's no takeoff, but I was blissfully small seed heads blew softly flat golden field, dotted with music. Laughing because God is unaware of that future in the wind. I could almost black cattle and king, and nothing can touch development at the feel its thirsty pleasure in backdropped with hazy, that, or change it, or diminish moment.) the rain. A miniature prairie blue hills. We saw the it. As the rain beat more in a world of concrete. Golden Gate bridge As the plane turned and furiously upon the Something about that patch suspended in fog, and roared, at last, down the pavement and my headache of grass reaching up to the walked among wild lupine runway, I said softly in worsened (husband and summer rain soothed the in the mountains of farewell, "'Who shall daughter chatting tensions tightening within southern California. separate us from the love of me. I reveled in all the But that little patch of Christ?' Not crowds, or June Strong, of sensations of pleasure the grass at the Toronto airport buses, or confusion. Not Batavia, New York, is a lecturer earth has always afforded. said more to me than all the highways, or hotels, or and author of the The band of pain encircling splendors that followed. ghettos. Not loneliness, or books Journal of my head eased. A dozen or Under the most adverse poverty, or hate. 'In all a Happy so blades of grass had circumstances it had fulfilled these things we are more Woman, changed the tenor of my its mission, somehow than conquerors through Mindy, Where Are We thoughts. managing to look lovely in him that loved us."' Running? and Project Sunlight. the process. And to this (Apologies to the apostle She enjoys people, writing, Days later, when my work gardening, and sewing. was completed, we saw the weary traveler it had Paul.) 28 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Illustration by Samantha Carol Smith/Eucalyptus

a

Presenting Jesus Christ in all His fullness to all the world. We believe the Bible to be the authoritative word of God, Satan to be our great adversary, Jesus to be our all-sufficient Saviour, and the coming Christ to be our only hope as the world nears its cataclysmic end. Editor Kenneth J. Holland Associate Editor Ralph Blodgett Breathes there an American with soul so dead who never to himself has Art Director Byron Steele said, "Norman Rockwell is my kind of artist"? The purist might Design Director Mark O'Connor Circulation Manager Robert Smith immediately respond, "Wait a minute. Rockwell may be a symbol of Assoc. Circulation Mgr. Thomas E. Kapusta much that is right with America, but he was an illustrator, not an Special Ministries J. Roger McQuistan Subscriptions Larry R. Burtnett artist." What's the difference? The distinction is not always readily apparent, but for the most part Editorial Consultants: Biblical theology, William Johnsson; church history, Kenneth we can say that the artist tends to focus on the creative process, new Strand; eschatology, Robert Zamora; ways of giving form and composition to the experiences of life, while an philosophy, James Londis; psychology, John Berecz; religious liberty, Roland Hegstad; illustrator attempts to reproduce or copy that which has already received science, Anel Roth; theology and life, Edwin a familiar form. Zackrison; world missions, G. Oosterwal All of which comes by way of background to Humberto Rasi's Contributing Editors: California—Neils-Erik interview with Sculptor Alan Collins, on page 3. Collins, a recognized Andreasen, Paul Landa, V. Norskov Olsen, H. M. S. Richards, Jr., George E. Vandeman; artist, insightfully tells about one of his recent works, The Good Michigan—Raoul Dederen; New York—June Samaritan, which has four larger-than-life figures and represents the four Strong; Ohio—Oliver Jacques; Tennessee—Jerry A. Gladson, Norman characters in Christ's parable. Gulley; Washington, D.C.—Richard Coffen, "The four figures are not simply representations of the parable. The Thomas A. Davis, Frank B. Holbrook, Francis A. Soper, J. R. Spangler, Gerald Wheeler figures are symbolic," says Professor Collins. "The priest with his open robes is, as the Bible says, rich and increased with goods and in need of Member, Associated Church Press A publicationprinted and published by nothing. The anatomy of the priest is barely concealed with the thin Review and Herald Publishing Association of undergarment indicating that the priest depends on the covering of his Seventh-day Adventists, 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A. No office for his effectiveness." stockholders, a religious, nonprofit The Levite, whose entire form connotes motion, is pulling up the hem organization owned by the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, of his robe lest he touch the fallen one and become defiled. He wears Washington, D.C. 20012. academic garb—a reminder to scholars and graduates of universities not 1 r DISCOUNT COUPON to become so involved in academia as not to perceive those in need of All subscriptions are prepaid. If you did no t help. order THESE TIMES, it is being sent as a gift from a friend. You will not be billed. 1 The good Samaritan wears everyday work clothes with his feet shod To subscribe, till out the form below, and in sneakers. According to Professor Collins, the good Samaritan's mail with payment to THESE TIMES, features are "interracial." The good Samaritan is supporting the victim 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012 and has pulled a sheetlike garment over the stripped man. Perhaps Norman St. John-Stevas, in 1973 the minister for the arts in For change of address only, please notify us 4 weeks in advance, attach Great Britain, said it best: "The twentieth century—poor thing though it the old mailing label, and mail to may be—is the only century that we've got, and we've got to redeem THESE TIMES-, 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012 that. Though people may not respond to theology now, I think they do 0 Personal subscription 0 One year US$8.25 respond to the idea of beauty, and God is beauty as well as truth. What CI Gift subscription D Overseas—add I think the arts do is to bring the spiritual into people's lives and open CI Renewal US$1.95 per year for O Change of address postage spiritual vistas. I do not think that we can be saved by arts, but I do see 0 Single copy US$2.00 them as means by which people can come to the spiritual." Name

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Editorial Offices: 6856 Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012 L THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 29 The Greatest Wonder of the World The ancient world possessed seven wonders, and of the seven only one remains. Maybe it's time we remind today's world about the eighth wonder of the world —the most magnificent one from both ancient and modern times.

BY EDWIN RAYMOND ANDERSON

et me refresh your memory was destroyed by an earthquake. when it diagnoses that "the god of concerning the seven The seventh wonder was the this world hath blinded the minds I wonders of the ancient Pharos, a lighthouse built by of them which believe not, lest the world. Ptolemy II in the third century light of the glorious gospel of First, there were the Pyramids of B.C. on an island near the city of Christ, who is the image of God, Egypt, the greatest of which Alexandria. It stood nearly should shine unto them" covers 13 acres with an original 400 feet high and rested upon a (2 Corinthians 4:4). There can be height of 481 feet. More than 2 100-foot-square base. An earth- no greater blindness than turning million stone blocks went into it, quake in the 1300s destroyed it. away from the empty tomb, with each block being about 40 cubic Seven wonders, with what its marvelous, eternal message of feet and weighing 21/2 tons. magnitude of accomplishment—all life and hope. Then came the Hanging done without the aid of the Because of sin many are yet in Gardens of Babylon, erected by sophisticated equipment the "tomb" of condemnation, order of King Nebuchadnezzar to considered essential for modern "having no hope, and without honor his wife. These consisted of construction projects! Yet, there is God in the world" (Ephesians a series of terraces supported by really nothing of worthwhile 2:12), for the Bible says, "He that arches, and rose to a height of wonder about any of them believeth not the Son shall not see more than 300 feet. anymore. Of the seven, only the life; but the wrath of God abideth Third, there was the Statue of Pyramids remain—old and silent on him" (John 3:36). Zeus, by Phidias—a huge figure of curiosities, without answers to the Yet the empty tomb stands as a gold and ivory erected at Olympia. pressures and perplexities that silent testimony to the greatest The Temple of Diana at surround us on every hand. wonder of the world, ancient and Ephesus, the fourth wonder, was There is another wonder of that modern! It is the proof of that built of exquisite Parian marble. ancient world, however, far greater, salvation so fully and freely Queen Artemisia built the fifth far more important than all those offered by Christ who died on wonder of the world, the seven put together. A wonder that Calvary and rose again. "He died Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, as a belongs to all time and cries out for all, that they which live should magnificent burial place in with a clear voice of hope for all not henceforth live unto memory of her husband, men, whatever their situation in themselves, but unto him which Mausolus, who died in 353 B.C. life. This is the wonder of Christ's died for them, and rose again" The Colossus of Rhodes was empty tomb. (2 Corinthians 5:15). What more another ancient object of That empty tomb is the lone could be required on His part? wonder—an immense bronze hope of humanity. It is reason for Even now the risen Christ statue representing Helios, the sun eternal wonder that God raised extends His promise to all who god. It is said to have stood in the Jesus Christ from the dead. Yet believe in Him, "Because I live, ye Rhodes harbor entrance in such a tragically, men and women think shall live also" (John 14:19). manner that ships had to pass so lightly of it and, for the most The risen Lord Jesus Christ is between the legs while entering. It part, wave it away as a mere token the wonder! What a wonderful of meaningless religion. It may salvation He offers in grace, receive a respectable nod at Easter mercy, and limitless love! May this Edwin Raymond Anderson is a writer for the American Tract Society. © 1983 by Edwin time, but the empty tomb and the very moment be for you the Raymond Anderson. Reprints of this article are risen Christ seem to possess no blessed beginning of a personal available by writing to American Tract Society, meaning. celebration of new life in Jesus P.O. Box 402008, Garland, Texas 75040. Surely the Word of God is right Christ. Tr

30 THESE TIMES / MARCH 1983 Photograph from The New Media Bible

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