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1 ETHEKWINI METROPOLE (Durban and Surrounds) 1 ETHEKWINI METROPOLE (Durban and surrounds) Introduction In December 2000, seven previous local authorities were merged into what became known as the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality. The Provincial Government’s vision “ Masisukume Sakhe “ (let us rise up and build) Geographical area 2 297 m² Percentage area of the 1.4% province Population One third of KZN people live here Economical activities 60% of the province Bussiest port in the country. Taxes Properties valued at R 36 000 or less are exempt from paying any rates. Water The first 6kl of water is free to all residents and households with property values at R40 000 or less do not pay the fixed charge for water. Electricity The first 50kwh of electricity is free to residents using less than 150kwh per month (Qualifying households will have to make application for this concession) Major Projects • International Convention Centre (ICC) Arena is now complete and has resulted in the ICC doubling in size. • The construction of the of the King Senzangakhona Stadium for the 2010 Fifa World Cup is running a few months ahead of schedule and that of the new King Shaka Airport will begin shortly. KwaZulu-Natal v8.5 ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty)ltd 2 Orientation in the Metropolis The N3 is the major route for the transportation of goods from Gauteng to the Durban habour to be exported. The exodus of thousands of holidaymakers from the interior, flocking to the sunny, golden beaches of the Indian ocean, also contribute to it being the busiest highway in the country, especially over the Easter Weekend and December holidays. The descent from Pietermaritzburg to Durban through the valley of a thousand hills is awe inspiring. The alternative route, the R103, offers even more spectacular views of the rolling hills dotted with Zulu villages. Valley of a thousand hills “The Valley of a Thousand Hills is the steeply dissected regions of hills and watercourses lying west of the city of Durban, formerly part of the KwaZulu homeland, and now designated as partly within the Durban (Ethekwini) Metropolitan Area” (http://www.sarpn.org.za). Allegedly, it was named by the writer, Mark Twain, during a visit towards the end of the 1800s. Traveling along the R103, one also passes some villages including (from north to south): Camperdown, Cato Ridge, Inchanga Park; Drummond; Hillcrest and Mariannhill. The area is steeped in Zulu culture and there are cultural villages on route i.e. PheZulu Safari Park, as well as shopping opportunities at the various craft markets. The 1000 Hills Choo-Choo is a vintage 1012 steam train. It operates between Kloof Station and Inchanga, along the railway line dating from the late 1879s. (Phone 031-3048666 or 082-3536003 to confirm schedule). Natural highlights in the area include the Inanda Dam and the Krantzkloof Nature Reserve. Kloof Situated approximately 27 km from Durban with a altitude of 550m /feet William Field, the first customs official and magistrate of Durban, was rewarded with the farm Richmond in 1851. The family developed the area and 50 years later, residential plots were surveyed. The area was named Krantzkloof , but ‘Krantz’ was later omitted. The Krantzkloof Nature Reserve Mariannhill In 1882, Father Franz Phanner founded the monastery. It bears the distinction of being the largest Roman Catholic Station in the country and was named for the Saint Ann and the Virgin Mary. His mottos "Social problems can only be solved through living Christianity." and "Our mission is a part of Christ's Kingdom and therefore has no boundaries" has led the way KwaZulu-Natal v8.5 ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty)ltd 3 for the women - the Missionary Sisters of the Precious Blood and the men who have followed him (www.catholicshop.co.za). The Western Suburbs of Durban (Located along or in close proximity of the N3 (from west to east) Pinetown • Situated 20km west of Durban. Origin • It was used as a staging post for coaches between Pietermaritzburg and Durban. • In 1849, the Wayside Inn was built and a village, named Pinetown-Estate, established. • A year later, Fort Funk was built next to the Inn for defense (today it is a small museum). Named in honour of Sir Benjamin Pine, the lieutenant governour of Natal. Claims to fame The largest caravan manufacturing plant in the country is among the multiple industries in the area. New Germany Situated to the north of Pinetown. In the 1800s, Germans were stationed here to farm with cotton. However, this proved not to be successful, as in the case of Westville (see below), and they had to revert to vegetable, flower and dairy farming. The name was anglicized from the original German name ‘Neu Deutschland’ Claims to fame It’s concentration of textile industries ranks among the highest in and the country. Westville Located approximately 10km from Durban CBD on the western ridge. Originated as a German settlement that was initiated by Jonas Bergtheil in 1848. The original idea of coffee and cotton farming had to be abandoned to try their hands at vegetable and flower gardens. Others preferred to move to other areas i.e. New Germany. Named for Martin West, the first lieutenant-governour of Natal. Currently the area is home to a large Indian community, living in KwaZulu-Natal v8.5 ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty)ltd 4 the traditional way of extended families in one house. Education During apartheid, the University of Durban-Westville was built. This was mainly to accommodate Indian students. After 1994, it became known as the University of KwaZulu-Natal after amalgamation with the University of Natal. Historical Sites Berghteil House Museum • Located in Queen street • Housed in a 19th century farmhouse with exhibits on the 1848- German Settlers. Cato Manor/ Located behind and below Natal University. Mkhumbane The name refers to George Christopher Cato, Durban’s first mayor, who received this land by royal degree in 1847. By the 1940s, it was under the ownership of Indian settlers who leased small plots of land to Africans. ‘Battle of Cato Manor’ (1949) It eventually led to shantytowns and within due course it was called Mkhumbane by the Zulu. The name refers to the stream running through it. The Zulu became more and more aggravated by the Indian landowners and in January 1949, they resorted to violence and arson, leaving 50 Indians dead and another 500 injured. On the Zulu side, there were about 550 injuries and 87 casualties. The government then dispossessed Indians of their land and established an emergency camp in the area. ‘Cato Manor Riots’ of June 1959 However, nearly ten years later, the camp was over populated and the municipality implemented to forced removals. Umlazi and KwaMashu were the designated areas for the resettlement. Again, the Zulu was up in arms and the riots eventually culminated in the massacre of nine policemen. Mkhumbane Development Project The area became desolate by the late 1960s. It was only after the dismantling of apartheid in 1994 that people moved back and a large informal settlement Soon it became the site of a large informal settlement again. The project is aimed at assisting and creating a more conducive environment for the inhabitants. The N3 final reaches the CBD of Durban. KwaZulu-Natal v8.5 ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty)ltd 5 The N2 Another important approach to Durban CBD is via the N2 from the south. It crosses the uMkomaas (Mkomazi) River into the Ethekwini Metro. The southern suburbs along this route include the following towns, villages and beaches: Umgababa Named for the river Following the Second World War titanium was mind here, however it was terminated due to polluting the sea. The following Doonside beaches are passed Karridene on route to Illovo Amanzimtoti Winkelspruit Kingsburg Warner Beach Doonside Amanzimtoti Altitude 24m /79 feet Origin • For decades this beautiful region was incorporated within a colonial-decreed “Native Reserve”. • In 1928, it was surveyed as a white residential when it was separated from the reserve. • In December 1897, the railway was opened. • In 1898, the first hotel was constructed but the following year it was destroyed by a fire.. • The town received municipal status in September 1952 • Name - When King Shaka tasted the waters of this river, he allegedly said, “Kanti Amanzi Mtoti”, which means “indeed the waters are sweet”. Isipingo Located south of Durban’s Airport Named for the Isipingo River that refers either to cat-thorns growing on its bank or to its serpentine nature. It has a large Indian population. Homestead of Dick King is located here and currently used by the local traffic department. (read more about this British hero under Durban’s history, “Britain respond”) The Durban International Airport KwaZulu-Natal v8.5 ©Makiti Guides & Tours (Pty)ltd 6 The N2 interchanges with the N3 at the Westville Four-Level Interchange (also known as the EB Cloete or “Spaghetti junction”, due to its complexity. The N2, is also known as the “Outer Ring Road”, as it runs through the entire city, on its way to the north coast. (Durban Historical sites and attractions are discussed in Component 2 of the Ethekwini Metro). Towns and villages north of Durban (starting from Durban) KwaMashu • Located 15km north of Durban. • Between 1958 and 1969, this large black township was created to accommodate the Zulu that was forcefully removed from Cato Manor. • The name can be traced to Sir Marshall Campbell, the sugar magnate. ‘Kwa’ meaning ‘place of’ and ‘Mashu’ the corruption of Marshall. Phoenix • Located 20km north of Durban. • In 1858, Daniel Lindley started a mission station on this site. Claims to fame − Gandhi initiated the community farm for Indians with equal remuneration for all.
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