CMFRI bulletin 44 Part One JUNE 1989 NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN MARINE FISHERIES MANDAPAM CAMP 16-18 September 1987 Papers Presented Sessions I & II ^xs^e"" %^ "Oy. # CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE c a> O 40 (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) YEADS P. B. No. 2704, E. R. G. Road, Cochin-682 031, India CMFRI bulletin 44 Part One JUNE 1989 YEADS NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN MARINE FISHERIES MANDAPAM CAMP 16-18 September 1987 Papers Presented Sessions I & II CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) P. B. No. 2704, E. R. G. Road, Cochin-682 031, India Bulletins are issued periodically by Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute to interpret current knowledge in the various fields of research on marine fisheries and allied subjects in India. Copyright Reserved © Published by P. S. B. R. JAMES Director Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute ERG Road Cochin-682 031, India Editorial Committee Dr K ALAGARSWAMI Dr K ALAGARAJA Shri M S MUTHU Dr K J MATHEW Dr N GOPINATHA MENON Limited Circulation CONTENTS Technical Session I. NATIONAL FISHERY POLICY AND PLANNING IVIarine Fisheries Development — An outlook U. K. Srivastava for 21st century and key policy Issues Growth Profile of Marine Fisheries in India P. S. B. R. James 10 Planning for Fishery Development — A. G. Jhlngran and S. Paul 28 Search for appropriate policy instruments 33 Monitoring Industrial Effluents Discharge along Y. B. Raval and four others Gujarat Coast by Bio-Assay Test and Physico Chemical Parameters A Brief Appraisal of Marine Fisheries in India 36 K. Alagaraja Technical Session II: RESEARCH IN MARINE CAPTURE FISHERIES Fishery and Biology of Oil Sardine, Sardinella K. Kumar and K, Subrahmanyan 42 longiceps, from Coastal Waters of Parangipettai On the Fishery and Population Dynamics of H. Md Kasim and 46 Seer Fish Scomberomorus commarson K. M. S. Ameer Hamsa (Lacepede) of Tuticorin The Present Status of Polynemid Fishery P. V. Kagwade 54 in India An Assessment of the Bottom-Trawl Fishery S. Reuben and six others 69 Resources of the Northeast Coast of India The Catfish Resources of South West Coast of P.S.B.R. James and three others 78 India — Prospects and management problems Migratory Winter Bag-Net Fishery in Coastal B.N. Saigal, P.M. Mitra 94 Waters af the Hooghly Estuary and H. C. Karmarkar The Shrimp Resources of the Coastal Waters M. J. George 102 of Kerala and the Effect of Mechanisation Shrimp Fishery of Bombay Coast M. Aravlndakshan and 107 J. P. Karbhari National Strategy for Exploitation and P.S.B.R. Jamas and five others 111 Utilization of the Potential Marine Fishery Resources of India—A projection Exploitation of Juveniles of Green Tiger Prawn, P. E. Sampson Manickam, 137 Penaeus (Penaeus) semisulcatus, along M. R. Arputhraj and P. Vedavyasa Rao Palk Bay and Its Impact on the Prawn Fishery of the Region Prospects for Increasing Cephalopod K. Alagarswami and 146 Production of India M. M. Meiyappan New Trends in the Traditional Marine P. Sam Bennet and 166 Fisheries at Tuticorin G. Arumugam Conservation of Marine Fish Genetic P. Das, P. C. Mahanta and 159 Resources—Present status and action needed D. Kapoor The Role of Plankton Research in T. Balachandran and 163 Fisheries Development K. J. Peter Studies on Upwelling at the Turn of A. V. S. Murty 173 This Century Potential Applications of Satellite P. V. R. Nair, V. K. Pillai and 177 Remote Sensing Technique in Oceanography V. K. Balachandran and Fisheries Validation of Landsal Thematic Mapper- A. Narain and nine others 182 Derived Phytoplankton Pigments through Synchronous Surface Measurements: Area off Calicut to Azhikal in the Arabian Sea The Present Status and Future Prospects of P. Devadoss, M.D.K- 188 Elsmobranch Fishery in India Kuthalingam and R. Thiagarajan Schooling Behaviour of Tunas in Livingston 199 Lakshadweep Waters Present Status of Oil Sardine Fishery at Karwar G. G. Annigeri 214 Problems of Identification among Species K. P. Sivakumaran, M. Manicka- 223 of Sard/net/a sundaram and V. Ramiyan Present Status of Perch Fishery Resources 14. Md Kasim, K.M.S. Ameer 226 in India and Its Prospects Hamsa and P. Sam Bennet Population Dynamics of Otolithes cuvieri Sushant K. Chakraborty 238 (Trewavas) off Bombay Waters Observations on Pelagic Fish Eggs and Pon SIralmeetan and 24% Larvae in the Coastal Waters of Tuticorin R. Marichamy Prospects and Problems of Management and K. Alagarswaml and 260 Development of the Marine Molluscan M. M. Melyappan Resources (Other than Cephalopods) in India The Morphology of the Alimentary Tract in R. Sivakumar and 262 Relation to Food of Platycephalids of V. Ramalyan Porto Novo Coast An Assessment of Demersal Stocks in the D. Sudarsan, M. E. John 266 Southwest Coast of India with Particular and Antony Joseph Reference to the Exploitable Resources in Outer Continental Shelf and Slope Trend of the Major Exploited Marine Fishery M. Srinath 272 Resources of India during 1961-85 Catch Rates and Catch Composition of G. N. MItra 284 Fish in Wadge Bank in Commercial Fishing Research in Marine Fisheries Management and P. S. B. R. James, K. C. George 287 Development—Capture and culture fisheries and Gopalakrishna Pillai PREFACE The national Symposium on 'Research and Development < in Marine Fisheries', conducted at Mandapam Camp by CMFR Institute during 16-18 Sept. 1987, was part of the celebrations of the Fortieth anniversary of Independence of the country, which also marked forty years (1947-87) of dedicated and fruitful work in marine fisheries research and development in India. During these four decades a wealth of information has been collected and disseminated to the user sector. The attempts made with the specific purpose of understanding the dynamics of the marine fishery resources through biological and environmental studies coupled with the development of suitable mathematical models have been highlighted in the papers presented at the symposium. Further, the studies have led to an understanding of the distribution and abundance of commercially important marine fishery resources along with their spatial and temporal fluctuations and to monitor the impact of effort on the stocks exploited. This has provided the- basis for rational and judicious exploitation of these renewable resources. These resources, being dynamic, demand constant monitoring' which is systematically and scientifically done by various research institutes, state and central organizations and universities. In this context the key role played by CMFRI as the nodal organization in India for marine fisheries research needs no emphasis and it was fitting that the Symposium was held at Mandapam Camp, the headquarters of the Institute till 1970. This Symposium has provided an effective platform for interaction among various research workers, administrators and entrepreneurs, discussing the important aspects of R & D presented in the form of papers. Also, on this occasion, the Institute, for the first time, released State-wise appraisal reports based on analysis of data collected during the period 1975-84, which is a landmark in the history of marine fisheries research. This publication is the first part of papers presented at the Symposium, and the rest of the papers will be published in two other parts which are to follow. It may not be out of place to mention the commendable work done in editing thess papers by the Editorial Committee, first headed by Dr K. Alagarswami, the then Jt. Director, and then by Dr K. Alagaraja, Sr. Scientist. The Committee, in addition, had Sri M. S. Muthu, Dr. N. G. Menon and Dr. K. J. Mathew, Sr. Scientists. But for the efforts of ail of them and the unstinted help received from the experts for screening, refereeing and editing the papers, this publication would not have been possible. It is sincerely hoped that this publication would be made use of by scientists, administrators, entrepreneurs and industry to promote the marine fishery research and development in this country and would remain a valuable addition to the Institute's publications in this area. P S B R JAMES Director National Symposium on Research and Development in Marine Fisheries PAPERS PRESENTED Technical Session I NATIONAL FISHERY POLICY AND PLANNING Pa.i>ev 1 MARINE FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT - AN OUTLOOK FOR 21ST CENTURY AND KEY POLICY ISSUES U. K. Srivastava Professor and Chairman, Research, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad 380 015 ABSTRACT Marine fisheries will have to play a crucial role in augmenting supplies both In the domestic as wall as export markets. Thrust of the development will be on deepsea and brackishwater resources. Ths exploitation of these resources, particularly deepsea, will require a rapid transition from charter of vessels to joint ventures aid owned fleat with modern and sophisticated technology. Creation of sizeable owned fleet wou'd require massive credit and fiscal aupport. I his thrust for exploitation of deepsea resources can be sustained with concerted attempts to formulate and implement strategies for product development and marketing In both domestic as well as export markets. This will also require the attention to develop the necessary infrastructure to hendle such vessels, onshore processing facilities, batter management of fishing harbours, cold chiin grid in the domestic markets, development of trensit and terminal markets at wholesale and retail levels. Boatbuilding yards will have to take up new challenges. This also throws up challenges for net-marketing industry in this country. All these developments would also require massive efforts for training and development of manpower. This paper deals with all these areas in a systems framework and suggests appropriate policy suppoit measures for strengthening various elements of the system. The country has made remarkable progress tern Europe and elsewhere) have accounted for in the sea food exports particularly in the recent not more than 15% of the total value of the sea years when the export has crossed Rs.