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Faecal Sludge) SFD Manual – Volume 1 and 2 Version 2.0 I Last updated: April 2018 ©Copyright All SFD Promotion Initiative materials are freely available following the open-source concept for capacity development and non-profit use, so long as proper acknowledgement of the source is made when used. Users should always give credit in citations to the original author, source and copyright holder. The complete Manual for SFD Production and SFD Reports are available from: www.sfd.susana.org Contents Volume 1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Purpose of this manual ..................................................................................................... 3 2. Key definitions of the SFD-PI ................................................................................................... 3 3. Levels of SFD Report ............................................................................................................... 5 3.1. ‘Level 1’ - Initial SFD ......................................................................................................... 6 3.2. ‘Level 2’ - Intermediate SFD ............................................................................................. 6 3.3. ‘Level 3’ - Comprehensive SFD ........................................................................................ 6 3.4. SFD Lite ............................................................................................................................ 7 3.5. The SFD production process ............................................................................................ 7 4. Assessing the enabling environment ...................................................................................... 10 4.1. Urban context .................................................................................................................. 10 4.1.1. Policy, legislation and regulation ............................................................................. 11 4.1.2. Planning ................................................................................................................... 12 4.1.3. Equity ....................................................................................................................... 12 4.1.4. Service outputs ........................................................................................................ 12 4.1.5. Expansion of services.............................................................................................. 13 5. Producing the SFD: Sanitation service chain analysis ........................................................... 13 5.1. Terminology ..................................................................................................................... 13 5.2. Service outcomes ............................................................................................................ 13 5.2.1. Containment (on-site and off-site sanitation) .......................................................... 15 5.2.2. Emptying and Transport .......................................................................................... 17 5.2.3. Treatment (of wastewater and/or faecal sludge) ..................................................... 17 5.2.4. Disposal and end-use .............................................................................................. 18 5.3. Performance data ............................................................................................................ 18 5.3.1. Dealing with uncertainty in the data ........................................................................ 20 5.4. SFD Graphic Generator .................................................................................................. 21 5.4.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 21 5.4.2. Step One: Enter general city information and select sanitation systems ............... 22 5.4.3. Estimating risk of groundwater pollution ................................................................. 23 5.4.4. Step two: Create SFD Matrix ................................................................................... 25 5.4.5. Step Three: Draw SFD graphic ............................................................................... 26 6. Ethical Considerations ............................................................................................................ 27 6.1. Data Management ........................................................................................................... 27 7. Stakeholder Engagement ....................................................................................................... 28 7.1. Principles of stakeholder engagement ............................................................................ 28 7.1.1. Principle 1: Stakeholder identification ..................................................................... 28 7.1.2. Principle 2: Early engagement ................................................................................ 30 7.1.3. Principle 3: Respecting opinions ............................................................................. 30 7.1.4. Principle 4: Communication ..................................................................................... 30 7.1.5. Principle 5: Ethical considerations .......................................................................... 31 7.2. Stakeholder engagement for each method of data collection ........................................ 31 7.2.1. Literature review of existing secondary data ........................................................... 32 7.2.2. Key Informant Interviews ......................................................................................... 32 7.2.3. Observations ........................................................................................................... 34 8. Evaluating credibility of data sources ..................................................................................... 36 8.1. Self-assessment .............................................................................................................. 36 8.2. Reviewing Process .......................................................................................................... 36 9. Reporting ................................................................................................................................ 37 9.1. Guidelines ....................................................................................................................... 37 10. Key resources ..................................................................................................................... 38 Volume 2 Glossary.......................................................................................................................................... 40 Part 1 – Master SFD Graphic .................................................................................................... 41 Part 2 - Definition of SFD variables ............................................................................................ 44 Part 3 - Definitions of Terms ....................................................................................................... 78 Part 4 – sanitation containment systems: SFD schematics ....................................................... 94 Annexes Annex 1: Literature review of existing secondary data ................................................................ 108 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 108 Literature from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other ‘external’ agencies ........ 109 Annex 2: Key Informant Interviews .............................................................................................. 110 Quality control ........................................................................................................................... 110 Data Management .................................................................................................................... 111 Data Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 111 Annex 3: Observations ................................................................................................................. 112 Sampling for observations ........................................................................................................ 113 Annex 4: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) ................................................................................ 114 Sampling ................................................................................................................................... 115 Methods .................................................................................................................................... 115 Quality control ........................................................................................................................... 116 List of tables Table 1: Components of an SFD Report ................................................................................................. 5 Table 2: Data requirements and recommendations for different types of SFD Report ........................... 8 Table 3:
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