THE Camp David Accords Bring CARTER Egypt, Israel 25 Years of Peace

.S., Israeli, CENTER and Egyptian Unegotiators who forged the Camp William Fitz-Patrick NEWS David accords 25 years ago joined former U.S. President FALL 2003 Jimmy Carter in Washington, D.C., in September to discuss IN THIS ISSUE lessons learned for peacemaking and how UP FRONT they can be applied to Camp David Accords Bring the Israeli-Palestinian Egypt, Israel 25 Years of Peace ...... 1 conflict today. Surrounded by world leaders from Egypt, Israel, and the United Center Releases Action Plan “Menachem States, President Carter leads a discussion on negotiations between Israel and Egypt in 1978. for Guinea Worm Eradication ...... 1 Begin and Anwar From the Executive Director ...... 2 Sadat were heroes who showed that the Camp David agreement. Begin and PEACE when leaders are willing to take enormous Sadat received the prize in 1978. Center Strengthens Role in China . . . .3 risks, peace is possible,” said President Many of the participants said the Observation Guidelines Assessed . . . . .3 Carter, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Camp David negotiations were successful Mozambique Formalizes Strategy ...... 3 Prize in 2002 in part for his work brokering due to White House leadership. continued on page 2 Program Assists Victims in Ethiopia . . .4 Journalists Fight Mental Illness Stigma .5 Coalition Reaches Milestone ...... 5 PHILANTHROPY Center Releases Action Plan Endowment Campaign Nears Goal . . . .6 Donors Foster Democracy ...... 6 Canadian Agency Backs Eradication . .7 for Guinea Worm Eradication Gifts Benefit Center and Donor ...... 7 Annenberg Awards Grant ...... 7 he Carter NEWS BRIEFS Center and

Sean Randall its partners President Carter Publishes Novel . . . . .8 T Carter-King Peace Walk Dedicated . . . .8 renewed their action plan for making Guinea worm the THE next disease to be CARTER CENTER eradicated at a global meeting held at the Center in September. The plan targets the most endemic countries—Ghana, Nigeria, and Sudan One Copenhill With 96 percent of the world’s remaining Guinea worm cases —for intensive occurring in Sudan, Ghana, and Nigeria, former Nigeria head 453 Freedom Parkway interventions and Atlanta, GA 30307 of state General Yakubu Gowon helped lead a special session on finding ways to accelerate eradication of the disease. continued on page 4 (404) 420-5100 www.cartercenter.org UP FRONT

Paving the Path to Peace Connie Nelson eacemaking is a long and difficult seeking a referendum on the president’s road to follow. Inevitably, there term. We’ve been instrumental in getting Pwill be bumps in the road, but often the two sides to sign an accord, pledging to patience is set aside in favor of a seemingly find a peaceful and democratic solution to quick fix. President Carter said it best: the political crisis. Since the May accord, the “Peacemaking cannot be a timid, risk-free Supreme Court appointed a new electoral process.” The Carter Center has followed council, and both sides have accepted the that principle in its work for more than court’s selection of members and welcome 20 years. We are committed to helping the participation of international election parties in need and accept that in such observers for a prospective referendum. work failure is a possibility. But the Elsewhere in the developing world, greatest defeat is not to try at all. we see that conflict must be resolved to President Carter demonstrated that eradicate disease. Sudan represents the same courage when he took the road to last great challenge to eradicating Guinea Camp David with Egypt President Anwar worm disease, which has existed for 3,000 Sadat and Israel Prime Minister Menachem years. The civil war has forced people to John Hardman, M.D. Begin 25 years ago. The great risk for peace flee their homeland and spread Guinea was worth taking then and still is today. worm by infecting sources of drinking forge a better future through a peaceful The Carter Center, which President water. We’ve led the international fight solution to their differences. Carter envisioned as a Camp David where against this terrible scourge in addition We hope you will continue with us parties in conflict could come to resolve to supporting revitalized efforts by the in this journey to a more peaceful world. their differences, continues to reach out to international community for peace. Together we can help realize the day when those who need a neutral, respected third We’ve also trained senior government everyone has the opportunity to enjoy the party to facilitate dialogue. We are reaching and rebel leaders in negotiating skills basic human rights of living in peace and out to Venezuela, where the opposition is and mediation techniques to help them in good health.

continued from cover page Other participants included former U.N. “The Camp David accords Camp David, cont. Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali of Egypt, Egypt Presidential Foreign Policy represent a major diplomatic success “Presidential leadership—direct, dedicated, Adviser Osama el-Baz, Israel Attorney in the history of the overall Arab- and personal—is necessary in the Middle General Elyakim Rubinstein, former East today, ” said former National Security U.S. Vice President Walter Mondale, Israeli conflict,” said Matthew Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski. “The former National Security Council Staff for Hodes, Carter Center Conflict United States has to have a fair and Mideast Affairs William Quandt, former Resolution Program director. “The balanced approach and must be seen Assistant Secretary of State for Near as fair and balanced.” Eastern and South Asian Affairs Harold accords have been an anchor for Aharon Barak, Israel Supreme Court Saunders, former U.S. Ambassador to U.S. policy in the Middle East. The president, noted a rare combination of Egypt Hermann Eilts, former U.S. challenge now is to address the other factors led to the successful outcome, Ambassador to Israel Samuel Lewis, part of the Camp David promise— including the meticulous preparation, former White House Chief of Staff imagination, and technical expertise of Hamilton Jordan, and former White the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.” the delegations. He also addressed the issue House Press Secretary Jody Powell. of risk-taking, referring to the need for The 13 days of intense negotiations at sides to seek “reasonable protection, not Camp David produced “A Framework for For the full text of President maximum protection” for their interests. Peace in the Middle East,” known as the Carter’s conference address, visit The all-day Carter Center symposium Camp David accords. This laid the ground- www.cartercenter.org. was held at the Woodrow Wilson work for the peace treaty between Egypt International Center for Scholars. and Israel, signed in March 1979.

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Center Strengthens Role in China Mozambique he Carter Center took another “It is beneficial for all citizens to feel Formalizes unprecedented step to support free that they are involved personally in the Telections in China, signing an shaping of their own destiny and for leaders agreement with the National People’s to know that their political futures depend Development Congress to provide assistance and advice upon honoring promises and meeting the on standardizing electoral procedures of legitimate needs of those who have put Strategy township and county people’s congress them in office,” President Carter said in deputies and to train deputies in their an address to Peking University students t a June 25th ceremony on governance roles once elected. The Center in Beijing in September. Mozambique’s Independence also renewed its agreement with the President Carter also opened a confer- ADay, a group of civic leaders Ministry of Civil Affairs to continue work ence on village elections and governance presented to President Joaquim Chissano on village elections another three years. and met with government leaders about recommendations for a long-term vision The Chinese government introduced the Carter Center’s project to improve and development strategy, marking a step direct village elections in 1988 under a local elections and governance in China. for reconciliation in a country ravaged by provisional law. Today, elections occur in war only a decade ago. The Center’s Global some 700,000 China villages, reaching Development Initiative played a key role 70 percent of the nation’s 1.3 billion “He does not say America in that achievement, supporting dialogue people. The elections give rural citizens a among the civic leaders over the last say in their community life, such as land is good and you must learn two years. contracting, village finance, road building, from us…but gives his Carter Center representatives joined and economic activities. Since 1998, the government officials, parliamentarians, Carter Center’s China Village Elections advice as a friend.” civil society leaders, and members of the Project, in cooperation with the Chinese —Ms. Deng Xuan, graduate student diplomatic community at a ceremony Ministry of Civil Affairs, has advised on in public administration, on former marking the launch of the vision and better procedures and voter education U.S. President Jimmy Carter strategy, known as Agenda 2025. The final and trained election officials. Agenda 2025 document will be presented to the legislature for approval in November following a round of countrywide public consultations beginning in July. Observation Guidelines Assessed “Agenda 2025 represents an unprece- dented effort to build consensus among Mozambicans of diverse political, social, he move of many countries to “These meetings will develop common and economic backgrounds,” said Edmund hold multiparty elections in the last standards for election observation which Cain, director of the Center’s initiative. Ttwo decades has led to the growth will increase the effectiveness and credi- “Democracy and human rights in the of international election observation as bility of future observation missions,” said country have been strengthened by a long- important to fostering democracy and to Dr. David Carroll, interim director of the term strategy process involving all sectors an array of practices for assessing them. Center’s Democracy Program. of society. This effort can help unlock Aiming to identify standards for More than 15 major election observa- Mozambique’s development potential for election observation that would bring tion organizations independently evaluate the almost 70 percent of Mozambicans greater consistency to the field, The elections; analyze election laws; assess living on less than a dollar per day.” Carter Center, United Nations Electoral voter registration processes, voter educa- The Center’s initiative is helping four Assistance Division, and the National tion efforts, the fairness of campaigns, and countries —Mozambique, Mali, Guyana, Democratic Institute for International campaign finance systems; and encourage and Albania—shape comprehensive, Affairs organized a meeting of leaders in competitiveness, unhindered participation long-term political, economic, and social Atlanta Oct. 15-16 to begin drafting a in the electoral process, and access to development strategies reflecting country set of principles and codes of conduct the media. ownership of policies and programs, to be promoted as guidelines for election The recommendations will be finalized broad-based participation in governance observation worldwide. during meetings in 2004. and planning, and more effective global development cooperation. 3 HEALTH

larvicide to stagnant water sources, Program Assists Drought social mobilization and health education, surveillance, making nylon drinking water filters available to target populations, and Victims in Ethiopia case containment. NIGERIA. Noting the leadership of former Nigeria head of state General ore than 800 senior health , diarrhea, parasites, meningitis, Yakubu Gowon and other partners in science students and faculty and . Drought-stricken com- the country’s great progress to eradicate with the Carter Center’s Ethiopia munities are learning coping strategies, M Guinea worm disease, the program should Public Health Training Initiative are environmental rehabilitation, irrigation, continue to support advocacy and com- traversing five regions of the country to and food production skills. Approximately munity mobilization efforts, monthly help some 3.4 million people combat 2.5 million people already have benefited monitoring of cases, and the promotion disease and illness related to the nation’s from students’ work. of safe drinking water, including fixing current drought. Assistance will continue through the broken water sources for the most endemic “The initiative is a classic example rainy season when most students typically villages. The Nigerian federal government of learning by doing, especially given the are not deployed. The universities plan to also was urged to ensure prompt clearance quick response to the drought,” said Joyce continue their drought activities as long of materials from national ports of entry. Murray, Ethiopia Public Health Training as necessary. SUDAN. Participants appealed for Initiative director. “The students’ passion a successful conclusion in 2003 to the and dedication is remarkable. The current negotiations to settle the conflict Ethiopians have been ready to help continued from cover page in Sudan. In 2002, Sudan reported 76 their own people for a long time. Now, percent of all Guinea worm cases in the through additional training and available Guinea Worm, cont. world and exported cases to at least three equipment, they are making an incredible neighboring countries. Ending the 20-year- difference in the lives of many otherwise new strategies to contain current cases old war would remove the single greatest hopeless people.” and reach at-risk populations with pre- barrier to completing the global campaign vention techniques. to eradicate Guinea worm disease. “Guinea worm eradication is on Participants commended Sudanese the horizon, and it is achievable,” said health workers, political authorities, and President Carter. “With an even stronger their partners on both sides of the civil war Assefa Bulcha public health focus on Guinea worm for significant reductions in Guinea worm disease in West Africa and Sudan, which cases in many areas currently accessible to have already made much progress, we can the program and urged continued coopera- end this needless suffering.” tion in the postwar period. More than 70 international dignitaries, Please visit www.cartercenter.org for experts, donors, and professionals attended full recommendations. sessions to review the status of national programs in each of the An Ethiopian mother listens carefully

three targeted countries. Sean Randall as a health worker explains ways she Recommendations can keep her family healthy during drought conditions. included: GHANA. Ghanaian authorities Current rain failures are affecting were urged to make 11.3 million people, mostly farmers already Guinea worm disease living and working in barren conditions. a top national priority The students, who are training to be and to provide a public health practitioners, are working detailed action plan for side by side with community health 2004, emphasizing a Representatives from Sudan, UNICEF, and The Carter workers to prevent and treat diseases safe water supply, the Center were among experts discussing the achievable goal exacerbated by drought: , application of ABATE® of eradicating Guinea worm disease.

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Journalists Help Fight Mental Illness Stigma

or the first time, more than 100 efforts to build a stronger, community- Noel O’Hare, free-lance journalist, journalists applied for Rosalynn based system of care for children with , , will consider FCarter Fellowships for Mental mental illnesses. Gail Fisher, senior photo issues affecting the mental health of Health Journalism. editor, Los Angeles Times, will work with migrants in his country. Alex Spence, free- The eight fellows chosen for Thomas Curwen, a 2002–2003 fellow, lance journalist, , New Zealand, 2003–2004, including two from New to document a family’s journey as it will investigate the relationships between Zealand, gathered in Atlanta in September copes with a loved one’s diagnosis with illnesses and in New Zealand. to meet with former First Lady Rosalynn mental illness. Kevin Heldman, free-lance The Rosalynn Carter Fellowships for Carter, the Center’s Mental Health Task journalist, Brooklyn, N.Y., will explore Mental Health Journalism, now in their Force, and the fellowship advisory board mental health concerns of the critically seventh year, are part of an international to discuss their chosen topics. “Informed ill and their caretakers. effort by The Carter Center to reduce journalists can have a positive impact on Wray Herbert, assistant managing stigma against people with mental illnesses public understanding of mental health editor, U.S. News & World Report, will by decreasing incorrect and stereotypical issues,” Mrs. Carter said. “They influence explore how mental illnesses are being media reporting. Past recipients have their peers and stimulate discussion among treated under the Americans With garnered awards for their fellowship the general public, and an informed public Disabilities Act. Virginia Holman, free- projects in film, newspaper, and television can reduce stigma and discrimination.” lance journalist, Durham, N.C., will focus from the National Mental Health on children of parents diagnosed with Association and Amnesty International, THIS YEAR’S CLASS OF FELLOWS schizophrenia. Peter Klein, producer, as well as Emmy award nominations and CBS News “60 Minutes,” will explore the two nominations for the Pulitzer Prize. Sewell Chan, reporter, The Washington Post, effects of trauma, including interviewing Most recently, a fellow’s documentary will examine the District of Columbia’s holocaust survivors. has been recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

International Coalition Martin Frank Reaches Milestone

he Carter Center’s River Blindness River blindness, or , Program recently celebrated the is caused by a parasite transmitted by Tdelivery of more than 50 million the bite of small black flies that breed in Mectizan® treatments in 11 countries in rapidly flowing streams. In human beings, Africa and the Americas since 1996. With the parasites, which are small thread-like its partners Lions Clubs International worms, cause intense itching, skin disease, Foundation, Centers for Disease Control discoloration, rashes, and eye disease.The and Prevention, Merck Mectizan Donation infection ultimately can result in blindness. Program, African Programme for The Center fights river blindness in Africa Onchocerciasis Control, and the World in Ethiopia, Cameroon, Nigeria, Sudan, Health Organization, the program is pre- and Uganda and in Latin America in venting blindness one person at a time. Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, and Venezuela. This river blindness statue, located on the Carter Center grounds, depicts a child leading a man with a stick. It is common for children to lead blind adults around their communities. 5 PHILANTHROPY

Endowment Campaign Reaches $140 Million

“ osalynn and I view The Carter Center The Center has helped to improve activism that characterizes the Center’s as the zenith of our life’s work, and it the quality of life for people in more than important mission. Ris very important to us that its mission 65 nations by successfully combining vision To learn more, contact Arthur of peace and health around the world continue with effective programs, dedicated staff, Wasserman, chief development officer, well after the time we are no longer active.” broad donor support, and partnerships Major Gifts and Endowment, The Carter —President Jimmy Carter with others. The Campaign to Endow Center, One Copenhill, Atlanta, Ga. The Carter Center will preserve that 30307. Telephone (404) 420-3864 or Launched by the board of trustees as legacy and help ensure the spirit and e-mail [email protected]. a special fund-raising effort to strengthen the Center’s financial foundation, the goal of the Campaign to Endow The Carter Center is to attract $150 million in new monies. These new resources, combined Donors Foster Democracy with existing endowment funds, will build a $250 million permanent endowment, a Through Election Observation financial base that will help secure the quality and integrity of the Center’s health ormer U.S. President Jimmy Carter Commission. In both cases, the Carter and peace programs for decades to come often says, “One of the principles of Center’s presence helped avert violence and provide a meaningful legacy in honor FThe Carter Center is that people can that was widely anticipated before of President and Mrs. Carter. improve their own lives when they are the elections. empowered to exercise control over how Among the Center’s ongoing election they are governed.” projects is one in China to build democ- The Campaign to Endow The The generous support of foundations racy at the grass-roots level with hope that Carter Center is comprehensive, and governments has helped The Carter it will spread to the township and county Center realize this vision by becoming a levels. Secret-ballot elections are now including outright gifts, multi- pioneer and leader in election observation being held in villages around the country. year pledges, gifts of stock, worldwide, having observed 45 elections ACE Insurance; JP Morgan Chase; the charitable gift annuities, chari- in 23 countries to date. In 2002, for Starr, Ford, and LWH foundations; Archer- example, the Center observed elections Daniels Midland; the U.S.-China Business table trusts, wills and bequests, in East Timor, Mali, Sierra Leone, Jamaica, Council; and the U.S. Department of gifts of real estate, and gifts in China, and Kenya. State fund the Center’s work in China. honor or memory of others. Since 1989, when the Center began As one donor said, “The Carter Center’s its international election observation, it work puts it at the center of historic has gained a reputation for integrity and change in China.” Dr. John Hardman, executive director credibility. As the eyes and ears of the international community, observers help of the Center, recently announced that Generous support of foundations gifts and pledges to the campaign stand at deter fraud and reassure voters they can more than $140 million toward the $150 safely and secretly cast their ballots. and governments has helped million campaign goal. “We are grateful to In Kenya, where a December 2002 The Carter Center realize its vision. the many generous individuals, corpora- election saw the transition to a new tions, foundations, and other friends who leader—the first in decades—the Center’s have helped The Carter Center reach this observation mission was supported by the Given its leadership in election important milestone in the endowment United States Agency for International monitoring, the Center held a conference campaign,” said Dr. Hardman. “We seek to Development and the Mott Foundation. Oct. 15-16 with major international conclude the campaign by Dec. 31, 2003, In October 2002, the Center’s election observer organizations to help establish and are working diligently to secure the observation in Jamaica drew support from principles and codes of conduct for all final $10 million necessary to achieve full USAID, the Canadian International election observers. The Starr Foundation success for the benefit of those we serve Development Agency, the Ford and the governments of Germany and around the world.” Foundation, and the British High Norway supported the conference.

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made, the remainder of the annuity is used Canadian Agency Backs to support the Carter Center’s efforts. To learn more about charitable gift annuities, including rates for annuities Eradication Goals with two beneficiaries and opportunities available for those under age 50, please partners have reduced the use the enclosed reply envelope or contact incidence of Guinea worm Rhonda Schultz in the Office of Gift disease by more than 98 per- Planning, (800) 550-3560, ext. 868; Nicole Kruse cent, using such effective e-mail [email protected]. strategies as educating people about how to prevent the disease, promoting safe Annenberg water sources, and providing medical treatment to Guinea worm patients. Foundation “With the generous support of partner organiza- Supports Mental tions such as the Canadian government, we will soon The Honorable Susan Whelan, Canada’s minister Health rid the world of this terrible for international cooperation, announced the grant to illness and put an end to the Dr. John Hardman, executive director of the Center, he Annenberg Foundation has unnecessary suffering caused in Ottawa. awarded a $500,000 grant to by Guinea worm disease,” said The Carter Center for its Mental he Canadian International T former U.S. President Jimmy Carter. “This Health Program, enabling the Center to Development Agency has awarded gift illustrates further the commitment of strengthen and expand existing initiatives a $2 million grant to The Carter the Canadian people to reach out to their T to reduce stigma and increase awareness Center for the Guinea Worm Eradication neighbors abroad, helping them to improve of the ability to diagnose and treat Program, making it possible for the Center their own lives and build a brighter future.” mental illnesses. to focus its efforts further on eradicating The foundation has been a committed Guinea worm disease in the remaining partner since 1997, supporting the Center’s endemic countries, where both the needs efforts to raise awareness of mental health and challenges of the global campaign are issues among the media and mental health greatest. CIDA has been a committed community. Through support of the partner of the Center since 1996, support- Gifts Benefit Rosalynn Carter Fellowships for Mental ing efforts to resolve conflict and improve Health Journalism, the annual Rosalynn health in Africa and strengthen democracy Center and Carter Symposium on Mental Health in the Americas. Policy, and Mrs. Carter’s work with the “Canada has long believed in Donor International Committee of Women President and Mrs. Carter and the work Leaders, the foundation helps move for- of The Carter Center,” said Astrid Pregel, hrough the simple method of giving ward a sound mental health agenda in consul general of Canada in Atlanta, at called charitable gift annuities, the United States and abroad. a recent event at the Center. “I can just friends of The Carter Center can imagine the look on the faces of the T provide important resources for the learned international development Center’s future and receive a guaranteed specialists who had been working in You can now donate to stream of income for their lifetime. The Africa for decades when President Carter The Carter Center online— annuity’s fixed payout rate is determined proposed what at the time must have been by the age of the donor at the time it is quickly, easily, and securely. a preposterous idea—to eradicate Guinea established. Rates for annuities with one Click on www.cartercenter.org. worm disease. But such is the power of the beneficiary start at 5.3 percent for age 50 Your support will go to work of The Carter Center.” and go as high as 11.3 percent for those Thanks in part to a previous grant work immediately. age 90 and older. After the last payment is from CIDA, The Carter Center and its

7 NEWS BRIEFS

President Carter-King Carter Joins Peace Walk Ranks of Dedicated Fiction Writers n outdoor exhibition honoring two of the world’s greatest peace- makers—former U.S. President he Hornet’s Nest, the first novel A Jimmy Carter and Dr. Martin Luther King published by a president of the Jr.—was unveiled in Atlanta June 27. The United States, will be in bookstores T six-exhibit tribute physically links The November 2003. Depicting the drama of Carter Presidential Center with the the Revolutionary War in Florida, Georgia, National Park Service’s Martin Luther and the Carolinas, the novel draws on King Jr. National Historic Site along detailed historical accounts, personal endured during the Revolutionary War, and 1.5 miles of the Freedom Park Trail. diaries, and stories from President Carter’s because it is a novel, President Carter is Symbolically, the Carter-King Peace family about an ancestor who fought free to recreate their feelings and imagine Walk celebrates the lives of Georgia’s two in the war. their pain and joy. It is an extraordinary Nobel Peace Prize recipients, men who “This book teaches us much about achievement,” said Alice Mayhew, editorial passionately pursued human and civil what people in the colonies of that region director, Simon & Schuster. rights for all people. “I am very grateful for such an educational and historically significant addition joining our Center with the King site,” said former President Jimmy Carter. “It is truly an honor to be recognized in Emily Howard this way and included in such an exhibit with Dr. King.” The public ceremony included a keynote address by congressman and civil rights activist John Lewis, with remarks by President Carter; Mrs. King; Mrs. Christine King Farris, Dr. King’s only surviving sibling; and Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin.

For up-to-the-minute news from The Carter Center, visit our Web site: President Carter holds a Guinea worm T-shirt, worn by Norwegian medical students www. cartercenter.org. who went door to door and planned events to support the Carter Center’s Guinea Worm Eradication Program. The Humanitarian Action Campaign, an initiative of the Norwegian Medical Students Association, chose to support the program this year. Students raised U.S. $288,000 to purchase medical kits and pipe filters.

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