Market Command and Control Functional Segmentations

Prepared by D. Janeway December 3-9, 2015

Command & Control (C2) Market

Command & Control (C2) is a core market that includes electronic hardware and software systems designed to assist, facilitate, and/or process decision making requirements regarding the allocation of or assignment of military, homeland security and selected civil and joint-use situation assets and resources.

The C2 Market includes:  C2 applied research and advanced technology development efforts;  Offensive and defensive battle management systems, including mission planning systems;  C2 elements of naval combat systems, land weapon systems, unmanned & manned vehicles, airborne systems, space systems and satellite orbit control systems;  Strategic, Command, and Theater C2 systems;  System integration of complex systems of systems where C2/Battle Management and interoperability are key (i.e. Deepwater, BMD, etc.);  Man-machine interface devices such as displays and terminals;  Information Technology (IT) for war-fighting missions, including computing environments for C2 (computers, laptops, personal digital assistants, etc. and software) and C2 enterprise services:  Embedded computing capability for Command & Control systems;  C2 Service and Support contracts and the C2 portions of C4ISR Service and Support contracts.

The C2 Market does not include:  Weapon or fire control systems, flight control or navigation systems;  Platform central mission computers;  Standalone GPS systems;  Communications systems required for C2;  Information Technology (IT) for administrative purposes, including computing environments and enterprise services;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;  State and local C2 systems.

Command and Control Functional Segmentations

 Air and Missile Defense C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with air and/or missile defense operations.  ATC-Mil C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of air traffic operations and control.

 Battle Management C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with tactical battle operations, engagements and systems.  Combat Support C2 – Systems primarily used for combat support – resource asset management.  Command/Theater C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management at the Command or Theater level of operations to optimize force management.  HLS C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of Home Land Security resources and assets.  HLS Networks – Wireless and hardwired connection of COTS terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations for Homeland Security missions.  ISR C2 – Systems which by design are primarily focused on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations and management and, to a lesser extent, management of Air and Missile Defense, Battle Management, strategic, tactical or space operational resources and assets.  Logistic Support C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of logistic support operations and control, not including infrastructure support.  Space C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with space operations and systems.  Strategic C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with strategic operations and forces.  Research & Technology – Broad-based & general C2 technology efforts, not associated with a specific product or system. For the US DoD, these programs and efforts fall into the RDT&E 6.2 (basic research) and 6.3 (applied research) categories.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category, for example omnibus service contracts covering broad areas.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Command & Control Attributes

 Environment is an attribute describing the environment in which the platform mounted or standalone C2 system operates. o Airborne – Aircraft, Helicopter o Fixed – C3 Center, Hardware Infrastructure o Handheld - Handheld, Bodyworn o Land Portable – Manpack o Land Transportable – Vehicle, Trailer, Shelter o Shipborne – Ship, Submarine, Patrol Craft

o Software Infrastructure – Examples: Cyber Security, Cyber Operations, Enterprise Software Services, Service Oriented Architecture o Multiple – Multiplatform o Other

Command and Control Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Mission Processors – The Item’s main or central computer or processor.  Operators Consoles and Displays – The Item’s man-machine interfaces, including hardware, software and embedded processors, if applicable.  Mission System I/O Devices – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item’s System/Service Supplier.  Mission Software Lead – The Item’s operational “software” installed on the main or central computer and/or processor.  Mission Software 1-3 – Advanced C2 systems are relying more and more on complex software packages (vs. fixed analog design) to encode, decode, adjust wavelengths and frequencies, build information packages and conduct content modulation in order to maximize device utilization across many applications. It is not unusual for some systems to have one or more mission software applications designed for special use by several different contractors. The database allows for up to three contractors who might design, build and install Mission System Software packages.  Non-Mission Software – C2 systems may contain software designed to manage the C2 system itself. Non-mission Software monitoring and administering fault tolerances levels and administering self-healing applications would be examples of Non-mission software.  Information Assurance Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the C2 system “Item” for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with credentialing.  Other Electronics – Identifies significant suppliers and their program content for C2 systems with special subsystem features.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.

 Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Commercial Aircraft Market

Commercial Aircraft is a core market that includes all of Commercial transport and general aviation aircraft and helicopters.

The Commercial Aircraft Market includes:  New Commercial Air Transport, Regional Jet Transport, Regional Turbo-Prop Transport;  New Business Turbofan, Business Turbo-Prop, Piston Aircraft;  New Business/Pleasure Helicopters.

The Commercial Aircraft Market does not include:  Commercial Aircraft Modifications (interiors, engines, maintenance, etc.);  Military or Civil aircraft;  Company-funded research and development. The Commercial Aircraft Market is categorized as follows:

Commercial Aircraft (disc) – Almost all commercial big iron passenger jets are sold at a discount from catalog. Markets Forecast uses the industry standard of 15-33% off list price by aircraft platform. This market is derived to represent the discounted percentage. An exception to this is all business jets and personal aircraft do not have a discount applied to them. This is shown as a “SWITCH” within the Charting Interface when viewing Commercial Aircraft.

Commercial Aircraft Functional Segmentations

 Business Jets (Pax) – A jet business class aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Business jets can have various ranges and seating capacities, but are typically smaller than regional class aircraft.  Business TP (Pax) – A Turbo prop business class aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Business turbo props can have various ranges and seating capacities, but are typically smaller than regional class aircraft.  NarrowBody (Cargo) – Narrow body Aircraft configured for cargo service such as pallets, bins, racks and such. Internal configuration is unsuitable for passenger service.  NarrowBody (Pax) – Narrow body Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. NarrowBody passenger aircraft are usually long range type aircraft.  Private – Private aircraft refers to the thousands of aircraft and hundreds of models owned by private parties for personal use, be it enjoyment or business. Seating capacity ranges from one to eight and flight ranges are typically less than 1000 miles.  Regional (Cargo) – Mid-range jet and/or turbo prop aircraft configured for cargo service such as pallets, bins, racks and such. Internal configuration is unsuitable for passenger service.  Regional Jets (PAX) – Regional aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Regional Jets are usually short to mid-range, under 100 seat type aircraft.  Regional TP (Pax) – Turbo-prop Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Usually mid-range type aircraft.  Utility – This category is typically used for helicopters. It includes flights for inspections, observation, emergency and industrial purposes.  WideBody (Cargo) – Wide body Aircraft configured for cargo service; pallets, bins, racks and such, unsuitable for passenger service. WideBody (Cargo) aircraft are usually long-range type aircraft.  WideBody (Pax) – Wide body Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. WideBody passenger aircraft are usually long-range type aircraft.

Commercial Aircraft Attributes

 Aircraft Type is an attribute field with eight unique selections describing types of commercial aircraft. o Business Piston – More commonly addressed as General Aviation aircraft, these reciprocating engine aircraft are powered by piston engine technology. Size can range from 2 seats to 19 seats. Most commonly used for personal travel, 1 pilot. o Business Turbofan – Jet powered business aircraft, generally requires 2 pilots. Size can range from 4 seats to 19 seats. o Business Turbo-Prop – Turbine powered Propeller aircraft, size can range from 6 seats to 19 seats. One to 2 pilots. o Comm Air Transport – Jet powered large commercial air transport aircraft, both narrow body planes (single aisle) and wide body aircraft (twin aisle). Fly long haul segments from 450 to 8,000 miles. Size can range from 120 seats to over 500 seats. Operated by 2 – 3 pilots. o Business Helicopter – Commercial usage helicopters only, personal and business applications. Size can range from 2 seats to 27 seats. One pilot. o Regional Jet – Jet powered smaller commercial air transport aircraft. Generally fly shorter segment flights, 200 to 500 miles. All single aisle aircraft with size ranging from 35 seats to 119 seats. Operated by 2 pilots. o Regional Turbo-Prop – Turbine powered Propeller commercial air transport aircraft. Generally fly shorter segments, 100 to 500 miles. Size can range from 19 seats to 72 seats. Operated by 2 pilots. o Personal Turbofan – Jet powered personal aircraft, operated by 1 pilot. Size ranges from 2 to 6 seats.

Commercial Aircraft Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Airframe Mfg 1-2 – Aircraft may be assembled from major sub-assemblies manufactured by different suppliers. Airframe Mfg represents that portion of the aircraft including all structure but excluding controls, landing gear, propulsion, etc.  Main Engines/Propulsion – The portion of the system that provides the aircraft with powered movement and maneuvering capability.  Auxiliary Power Unit – On board power generation devices used to power-up the aircraft’s main engines and/or to perform tests with low power demands.  Main Landing System – The heavy components of the aircraft landing and takeoff carrying system.  Nose Landing System – The lighter and typically steering-related components of the aircrafts landing and takeoff carrying system.  Electrical System – The components and subsystems of the aircraft related to electrical power generation and buss distribution.

 Environmental Control System – Components and subsystems used to maintain aircraft including temperature, pressure, volumes, lighting, sound and life support, within specified parameters.  Flight Control System – The portion of the system related to man-machine interfacing to ensure controlled flight operations, including hardware, software and embedded processors if applicable.  Flight Management System – The onboard computerized systems, gauges and measurement sensors designed to provide aircraft diagnostic information to pilots during flight. These devices warn of low pressure, fuel, power and even variations in speed and altitude. Flight management systems will in some cases act to correct issues or suggest solutions to be performed by pilots and/or crew.  Operator Consoles and Display – Cockpit instrumentation, keyboards, displays and advisories used by the pilot and crew to operate the aircraft.  Inertial Ref/Nav System – On board aircraft systems primarily used for navigation and safety of flight.  Communication/Navigation System – Aircraft systems that rely on external communications, such as radio direction signals, beacons and radar land marks, to obtain aircraft positional information.  Safety Weather Radar System – On board weather radar systems assist in pilots in avoiding areas of bad weather not otherwise identified by ground controllers.  Gnd Prox Warning System – Radar, air data computers or other devices used to detect and warn of low altitude flying.  Traffic Collision Avoidance System – An onboard aircraft electronic system using distance, flight path and altitude measurements of surrounding air traffic to detect and warn of potential collisions.  Health Monitoring System – Aircraft Health Monitoring System (HMS) determines any fault that effects performance measurements. Basic function is to monitor systems both for fault detection, isolation/identification and for performance. The main parts of the HMS entail monitoring, sensor data validation, fault identification and isolation, fault accommodation and maintenance.  In-Flight-Entertainment System – Audio/video entertainment systems provided in the passenger cabin.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.

Cyber Operations (Cyber) Market

Cyber Operations (Cyber) is a core market that that includes computer network hardware, software, and services that are designed to protect, attack, and/or exploit civil and military computer networks and the data they contain.

The Cyber Market includes:  IT infrastructure and related design services whose primary purpose is related to protection, attack, and/or exploitation of civil and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Hardware components (computers, servers, switches, etc.) whose purpose is primarily related to protection, attack, and/or exploitation of civil and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Software whose purpose is primarily related to protection, attack, and/or exploitation of civil and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Computer and network forensics services  Services whose purpose is to primarily related to prevention, detection, and response to cyberattacks  Electronic attack (waveforms and algorithms) whose purpose is related to disruption or exploitation of computer networks or the data they contain

The Cyber Market does not include:  Physical security of computer networks  Desktop IT components, software, and services  Electronic warfare systems except those designed for computer network attack  Company funded research and development  Government budget for overhead and program management  Cryptological (Crypto) products and Communications Security (COMSEC) products and services

Cyber Operations (Cyber) Functional Segmentations

 Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Cyber Operations (Cyber) Attributes

 Application is an attribute field with eleven unique selections: o Access control/identity – software and services whose primary purpose is to provide the means to control personnel access to information or applications on computer networks. o Application security – software or services whose primary purpose is to enhance the resistance of software applications to attack or exploitation. o Education/training – education and training services whose primary purpose is related to some aspect of Cyber Operations. o Forensics – hardware, software, or services whose primary purpose is to examine digital media with the aim of identifying, preserving, analyzing and presenting facts regarding the information it contains. o Info Sharing – services whose primary purpose is to share security related information between different entities. Examples might include development of a cyber security WIKI or tools to enable private citizens to participate in the defense of cyberspace . o Infrastructure – hardware, software or services whose primary purpose is to provide (real or virtual) infrastructure that supports Cyber Operations activities. Examples include SCADA security efforts, security network engineering, cyber security test beds, PKI, and networks designed to be inherently more secure. o Managed Services – services whose primary purpose is to provide comprehensive turnkey, contractor-managed, cyber security support. o Multiple – the nature of cyber security is that, in many cases, it is impossible to parse contracts into one single application. The “multiple” application is used for hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose includes two or more of these applications. o Other – Cyber Operations hardware, software, or services whose primary function in not related to other applications. Typically cyber attack related records will use the “other” application. o Oversight – software or services whose primary purpose is related to program management, compliance and accreditation (C&A), and/or vulnerability and security assessments. o Situational Awareness & Incident (SA&Incident) Response – hardware, software or services whose primary purpose is to monitor/analyze computer network traffic and/or respond to attack/exploitation attempts. Also includes intrusion protection systems.

Cyber Operations Subsystems

 Equipment Supplier - The portion of the program related to Cyber Operations related equipment, described as being either production or non-unit production, and provided by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Lead Missions Software Supplier – The Item’s operational software installed on the main or central computer(s) and/or processor(s).  Mission Processor Supplier – The Item’s main or central computer or processor.  Licensor - The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Systems Engineering & Technical Assistance (SETA) - Services primarily providing systems engineering or technical assistance support of Cyber Operations systems or Cyber Operations systems operators.  Ops-Mgt Services - Services primarily providing operations management support of Cyber Operations systems or Cyber Operations systems operators.  Maintenance Services - Services primarily providing maintenance support of Cyber Operations systems.  Training Services - Services primarily providing training for Cyber Operations systems operators.  Sustainment Services – Services primarily providing sustainment support of Cyber Operations systems or Cyber Operations systems operators.  Scientific & Engineering Support - Services primarily providing scientific and engineering support of Cyber Operations systems or Cyber Operations systems operators.

Electro-Optical Infrared (EO/IR) Market

Electro-Optical Infrared (EO/IR) is a core market that includes military and civil electronic systems, products and devices that operate in the visible light, infrared, or ultra-violet light wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate, transmit, receive and/or process signals for the purpose of gathering intelligence, performing reconnaissance and surveillance, countering threats, or providing target information. This market contains EO/IR sensors and EO/IR-related EW systems.

The EO/IR market includes:  Military EO/IR Sensor Systems for ground, sea, air, and space applications;  Non-military defense security EO/IR Sensors used in homeland defense to protect against border intrusions and conventions or unconventional warfare;  For the immediate future, this application will be limited to US homeland defense;  Development (government funded), production, and support programs;  Upgrade programs for EO/IR Sensor System and EO/IR EW;  Service and Support contracts for EO/IR systems;  Systems built with EO/IR (also called optronic/photonic) components such as:  Ultraviolet, optical and infrared windows,

 Fixed and articulated lenses containing UV, optical, and IR elements,  Imaging and non-imaging UV, optical and infrared receivers,  Laser transmitters and receivers,  Line-of-sight pointing and stabilization systems,  EO/IR signal processing systems, such as laser range measurement, video auto-tracking, missile approach detection, infrared search and track,  Dedicated system control and display units (if included as part of the delivered EO/IR system),  Head Mounted Video Displays (if they are integral to the EO/IR system’s operation);  Systems that perform some of the following functions from land, sea, airborne, and space based platforms;  EO/IR Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR),  EO/IR Target Search, Detection and Tracking,  EO/IR Target Cueing and Identification,  EO/IR Fire Control,  Passive and Active Laser Range Finding (LRF),  Laser Target Marking and Designation,  EO/IR Missile Launch and/or Approach Warning (MLD/MAWS/MWS),  Laser Warning System (LWS),  EO/IR Countermeasure (IRCM),  Laser Dazzling,  Land Mine Detection,  Night Vision Goggles (NVG),  Navigation,  Driver vision Enhancement.

The EO/IR Market does not include:  Platform central computers that support multiple avionics/electronic systems;  Support structures, buildings, vehicles, and platforms that host EO/IR Systems;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;  EO/IR guidance and navigation systems imbedded in weapons.(refer to the Missile and PGW databases);  Purely optical devices and/or systems such as binoculars, telescopes, optical range finders, optical trackers;  Surveying, boresighting and alignment tools;  Wet film photographic systems;

 Commercial broadcast television equipment;  “Unassociated” video monitors and displays.

EO/IR Functional Segmentations

 Air Traffic Control – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities.  Decoys – Decoys are systems, devices and technology primarily used to create an alternate target(s) environment (decoy) to deflect attacking system away from their intended target.  Early Warning – Primarily used for long-range detection.  EW Suite (EO/IR) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  Fire Control – Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.  Gun/Launcher Sight – Primarily used to sight for targeting.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  Jammer – Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems operating in the EO/IR electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Meteorological – Used for the monitoring of weather and atmospheric conditions.  Navigation – Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.  Night Vision – Used to enable sight in low-light conditions.  Perimeter Security – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used to prevent prohibited access to areas of interest to HLS-related organizations.  Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Situational Awareness – sensor system that allows the user to observe the meaningful surroundings to a level that enables him to assess threats and nature of activities “near” him. Generally the zone ranges from very near to the maximum range where meaningful threats are likely to exist. Nature of the observed zone depends on the platform and threats.  Surveillance/ Reconnaissance – Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.  Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems operating in the EO/IR electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Utility – A system designed to serve a variety of intermixed differing roles and which would not normally be justified by performing any one of those roles alone.

 Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general EO/IR technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified. EO/IR Attributes

 System Description is an attribute field with twelve unique selections: Custom, Handheld, Helmet-Mounted, Pan-Tilt Mounted, Pedestal Mounted, Periscope, Platform Fixed, Pod, Spacecraft, Tripod Mounted, Turret Mounted, and Weapon Mounted. This field identifies the mounting platform/installation used for the EO/IR device/sensor/system.  Sensor Type is an attribute field with fourteen unique selections: Ultra-violet (UV), Image Intensifier, TV, Low Light TV, Illuminated TV, Shortwave IR (SWIR), Medium Wave IR (MWIR), Long Wave IR-cooled (LWIR-cooled), Long Wave IR-uncooled (LWIR-uncooled), Multi-sensor, Multi-spectral, Hyperspectral, Laser Receiver, Optical, and EO/IR Sensor Unknown. This field identifies the type EO or IR sensor used by the device or system.  Transmitter Type is an attribute field with eleven unique selections: Beamrider, Dazzler, Rangefinder, Rangefinder/Designator, Illuminator, Marker, Jammer, Weapon Class, Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), Differential Absorption Laser (DIAL), and EO/IR Laser Unknown. This field identifies, if used, the purpose of the electro- optical transmitter device in the system.

Electro-Optical Infrared (EO/IR) Subsystems

 Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Aircraft Market

Military Aircraft includes manned aerodynamic platforms (including onboard mission systems). It contains main engines as a component of the value added fields where those engines are included in the bill of material of the aircraft sale. It also includes the engines and engine suppliers providing engines under a separate contract from their host aircraft, commonly referred to as GFE Engines. GFE engines are generally provided on high performance military aircraft and helicopters.

The Military Aircraft Market includes:  All fixed-wing, rotary wing (helicopters), lighter-than-air and hybrid types such as tilt rotor, autogyro or other so called compound aircraft in military or paramilitary service. This includes various national, regional, state police and special government services such as firefighting. It also includes optionally manned aircraft;  R&D, production and significant modification of such aircraft;  Service and Support contracts;  Green variant of Military Aircraft Database (removes value of onboard mission systems not related to pure flight of the aircraft);  Integration Only variant of Military Aircraft Database (represents integration value only).

The Military Aircraft Market does not include:  Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs);  Minor aircraft modification programs;  The value of weapon payloads;  Commercial aircraft;  Spacecraft or Weather balloons;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Military Aircraft Functional Segmentations

 Air Superiority – Aircraft whose primary design and use is to deny an adversary any access to or operational capability in, the airspace.  Bomber – A high value strike and attack aircraft typically having strategic range capabilities, crew, engine, endurance, and multiple weapon payload options.  GFE – Government Furnished Equipment, occurring when equipment, usually propulsion, is contracted separately from the platform and prime contractor. This Functional Segment serves to help segregate GFE sales from Parent platform sales. Examples of GFE include: military aircraft main propulsion, ship engines and nuclear reactors and steam systems.  Ground Support – Aircraft with the primary design, loiter and range to support attacking and/or defending military ground operations.  Mine Warfare – Those platforms with the capability to detect and/or clear mines.  Multi-Role Combat – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several aircraft types especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Tanker – Aircraft equipped to carry and execute in-flight re-fueling for other aircraft in order to extend their operational range and endurance.  Trainer – Equipment used in military exercises and as flight trainers/simulators.  Transport – Aircraft primarily used to transport personnel and cargo.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – Miscellaneous aircraft that do not fit into any of the other functional segment groups.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general military aircraft related technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Aircraft Attributes

 Modification (Mod) - Any modification to an aircraft to include SLEP, replacement of major structural assemblies, aircraft equipment. It also includes re-engining, complete avionics retrofits, weapon system upgrades. It does not include depot level maintenance, except where that depot visit includes a modification whose ID contains only the value of the mod, excluding depot labor.

 Rotorcraft Class is an attribute providing a breakdown of rotorcraft by weight and propulsion type and number of engines. It includes tilt rotors and other hybrids. o LSP – Light single piston-engined rotorcraft generally under 2,000 lbs MTOW o LST – Light single turbine-engined rotorcraft (generally under 7,500 lbs MTOW) o LMET – Light multi-turbine engine rotorcraft (generally between 8,000 and 12,000 lbs MTOW) o IMET – Intermediate multi-turbine engine rotorcraft (generally between 12,000 and 14,000 lbs MTOW) o MSET – Medium single-turbine engine rotorcraft (out of production UH-1/AH- 1/Model 205/205s from Bell Helicopter) in the 9,500-15,000 lbs MTOW class o MMET – Medium multi-turbine engine rotorcraft (generally between 14,000 and 45,000 lbs MTOW). Includes all variants of the triple-engined AW101. o HMET – Heavy multi-turbine engine rotorocraft (generally over 22.5 tons MTOW). This includes all variants of the V-22.

Military Aircraft Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Airframe Mfg 1-3 – Aircraft may be assembled from major sub-assemblies manufactured by different suppliers. Airframe Mfg represents that portion of the aircraft including all structure but excluding controls, landing gear, propulsion, etc.  Main Engines/Propulsion – The portion of the system that provides the aircraft with powered flight capability.  Flight Control System – The portion of the system related to man-machine interfacing to ensure controlled flight operations, including hardware, software and embedded processors if applicable. This subsystem includes most of the aircraft’s hydraulic system, actuators (conventional or integrated electro-hydraulic), and all flight control surfaces but NOT engine thrust reversers or aircraft electronics such as radar, nav, and comm. Systems.  Armaments – The portion of the system related to launchers, rails, hard points and arms control and management.  Mission Systems –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2, Sonar and onboard computing. It also includes non-payload systems devoted to pure flight including navigation system, communications system, transponder, flight displays, autopilot,

engine indication systems. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).  Mission System Integrator (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors.  Main Landing System – Components of the aircraft’s landing and takeoff system including wheels and brakes, that part of the hydraulic system including actuators devoted to moving deployment and stowage of the gear and steering which are located under the main body of the aircraft or on a combination of the main body centerline and in board wing area.  Nose Landing System – Components of the aircraft’s landing and takeoff system including wheels and brakes, that part of the hydraulic system including actuators devoted to moving deployment and stowage of the gear and steering which is located under front or nose or forward fuselage of the aircraft.  Electrical System – The portion of the program related to electrical power generation and buss distribution devices. and lighting including all exterior strobes and spots. This system DOES NOT include engine and APU driven generators which are part of Main Engine/Propulsion and Auxiliary Power Unit subsystems respectively.  Auxiliary Power Unit – Onboard non-propulsion engine (usually gas turbine) driven generator and/or air compressor used for engine starting or ground operation of systems without main engine use.  Environmental Control System – Components and subsystems used to maintain aircraft interior temperature, pressure, volume and cleanliness. It will therefore include electrically driven air conditioning and pressurization compressors, pneumatic valves, heaters, air filters, and associated controls and gauges.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.

 Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Communications Market

Military Communications is a core market that includes electronic systems, products, and devices used in transmitting and receiving video, voice, and data signals for military operations, as well as homeland security, and selected civil and joint-use situations.

The Military Communications Market includes:  Communications applied research and advanced technology development efforts;  Tactical radios, data links, terminals and networks for air, land and sea operations;  Enterprise network communications systems;  SATCOM terminals, communications satellite payloads and SATCOM bandwidth ;  Theater and strategic/national communications systems;  Communications signal intercept (COMINT) and jamming systems and IFF interrogators and responders;  Communications signal intercept (COMINT) and jamming systems and IFF transceivers;  Information Systems Security;  Communications Service and Support contracts and the communications portions of C4ISR Service and Support contracts.

The Military Communications Market does not include:  Weapon data links and expendable communications systems;  Base and administrative telecommunication or internet systems;  Command and Control Systems man-machine interface devices;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management; Military Communication Functional Segmentations

 Cyber Attack – Hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – Hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.

 Cyber Support – Hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.  HLS Networks – Wireless and hardwired connection of COTS terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations for Homeland Security missions.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  ISR Data Link – Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP- CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).  Jammer – Active communications countermeasure systems that can defeat enemy signal transmissions and receiving capabilities that operate primarily in the LF to SHF communications frequencies.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  SatComm/Bandwidth – This segment identifies commercial satellite communications bandwidth that governments lease to augment their military SATCOM systems or as an alternative to them. The commercial SATCOM payloads are not part of the MILCOM forecast, but COTS terminal procurement is in SatComm Terminals and ID/IQ contract vehicles in Network Infrastructure.  SatComm/Payload – This segment identifies Communications systems that are on board Military Communications satellites. Telecommunications as such is not a part of the Military Communications Market Database, and military satellites are covered in the Spacecraft Market. Examples of military Satellite Communications Payloads would be the satellite communications portions of MILSTAR/(AEHF) Advanced EHF, (WGS) Wideband Global System and (MUOS) Mobile User Objective System. If military communications payloads do come to be hosted on commercial satellites, they would appear here. Collocation issues now make that unlikely.  SatComm/Terminals – Satellite Communications Terminals are somewhat like Tactical Terminals in terms of supporting host platforms. SATCOM Terminals are generally hosted on platforms and ground facilities although there are manportable MILSTAR/AEHF terminals. They have modems and function as transceivers for the host’s satellite communications networks. They are the counterpart to Satellite

Communications Payloads. Satellite Payloads and the Terminals are frequently referred to as SATCOM networks.  Situational Awareness Data Link – Used primarily to distribute battlefield information updates among various platforms and users. Situational awareness data links typically operate at lower frequencies and longer wavelengths with lower throughput rates and transmit short message sets. Examples include Link 11, Link 16, JTIDS and MIDS.  Strategic Comm – Special military communications programs, systems & products primarily intended for and used in Strategic Command and Control missions and operations. Equipment could be point to point or broadcast, use a variety of frequencies and may use satellite or other means of message distribution. Strategic Communication usually has high security and credential features. Strategic Communication here refers to the nature of the communications as opposed to the distance or range of communications. It typically, however, must have a long distance communications capability which may then require relay nodes, links or other special features.  Tactical Networks – Tactical Networks represent an extension of tactical terminals that would include larger and different platforms types or ground facility nodes. Tactical Networks provide for the connection of a number of terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations. Networks can be wireless, hard-wired or a combination of both. Networks can also be Internet in nature and provide a number of subscriber services. Protocols, signals, security, assurance and software compliances across the various nodes are integral parts of Tactical Networks as well as the actual Transmission and Receiver hardware. Their operational ranges are tactical in nature.  Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support of military communication systems, military communication systems operators or military communication procurement offices.  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad-based & general communications technology efforts, not associated with a specific product or system. For the US DoD, these programs and efforts fall into the RDT&E 6.2 (basic research) and 6.3 (applied research) categories.

 Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified. Military Communications Attributes

 Environment is an attribute describing the environment in which the platform mounted or standalone MilComm system operates. o Airborne – Aircraft, Helicopter, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), Unmanned Combat Air Vehicle (UCAV), Aerostat o Fixed – C3 Center, Hardware Infrastructure o Handheld - Handheld, Bodyworn o Land Portable – Manpack o Land Transportable – Vehicle, Trailer, Shelter, Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV), Unmanned Ground Sensor (UGS) o Shipborne – Ship, Submarine, Patrol Craft, Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV), Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) o Software Infrastructure – Examples: Radio Software Architecture, Waveform Software Applications, Information Assurance Applications, Network Management Applications, Software-Based Training o Spaceborne – Satellite o Multiple – Multiplatform o Other

Military Communication Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  T/R System – The portion of a communications system related to signal(s) transmission and reception. T/R components control and/or manage the signal strength, frequencies, sensitivities, bandwidth and range.  Processor – The portion of a communications system related to processing signal informational content as provided by the T/R elements.  Antenna – The portion of the communications system related to signal propagation and directional aspects.  Ancillaries – Items such as cable assemblies, speakers, headsets, power amplification, batteries, adapters and filters.  Other Electronics – Generally refers to any communications hardware not directly used for transmission, reception, propagation or processing. Input and output buffers and interface buss would be examples of Other Communication System Electronics.  Mission Software 1-3 – The database allows for up to three contractors who might design, build and install Mission System Software packages. Advanced communications and systems are relying more and more on complex software packages (vs. fixed analog design) to encode, decode, adjust wavelengths and frequencies, build information packages and conduct content modulation in order to

maximize device utilization across many applications. It is not unusual for some systems to have one or more mission software applications designed for special use by several different contractors.  Non-Mission Software – Communication systems may contain software designed to manage the communication device or system itself. Non-mission Software monitoring and administering fault tolerances levels and administering self-healing applications would be examples of Non-mission software.  Information Security Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the communications system for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with received signals and/or signal content.  Network Operations 1-2 – Interoperability and network-centric warfare demands are increasing, particularly for and on communications systems and devices. As a result, more and more communications systems are requiring hardware, software and circuitry, outside mission system, T/R modules, antennas and processing content, to allow for network centric functionality. The database allows for up to two contractors who might design, build and install network operational capabilities for a communication system (separate contracts for services/support for network operations are part of the Operations Management Services subsystem).  Subscriber Services – Some communications systems need special built-in gateways and access channels for subscriber services. Communication satellites with hundreds of relay or link communication channels for lease, sale or assignment would need on board Subscriber Service capabilities to manage channel operations and assignments. Otherwise they might become unregulated broadband transmission radios. The database allows for a contractor who might develop and deploy subscriber services for communications systems (separate contracts for services/support for subscriber services are part of the Operations Management Services subsystem).  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training

simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Ground Vehicle Market

Military Ground Vehicle is a core market that includes manned, self-propelled, wheeled and tracked terrestrial platforms including on board mission systems designed and used for defense-related land operations.

The Military Ground Vehicle market includes:  Defensive and offensive combat vehicles, combat support vehicles and logistics vehicles;  Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) vehicles used by a military organization;  Manned or optionally manned vehicles;  Production and significant modification of such vehicles;  Significant vehicle upgrade, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Government funded vehicle-related research and development;  Service and Support contracts (in build);  Green variant of Military Ground Vehicle Database (removes value of onboard mission systems);  Integration Only variant of Military Ground Vehicle Database.

The Military Ground Vehicle market does not include:  Unmanned ground or land systems;  Towed vehicles such as artillery, trailers or transportable buildings, unless they are uniquely associated with a self-propelled vehicle;  Motorcycles;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Military Ground Vehicle Functional Segmentations

 Air and Missile Defense – This category is for all self-propelled vehicles that carry sensors and weapons (guns or missiles) intended to engage and destroy enemy airborne targets of all types.

 Ambulance - Are typically one variant of wheeled or tracked vehicles, of military family of vehicles converted to ambulances. They are usually armored to the same degree as other variants with a different medical mission systems package.  Amphibious – Amphibious vehicles are explicitly limited to those platforms whose major purpose is amphibious assault from the sea. Vehicles that may have a significant water/river crossing capability, but not intended to launch from sea-based platforms, are not included in this category. This classification means that amphibious platforms in the current database are primarily the US AAV and LVTP platforms and the Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle (EFV).  Anti-Tank Vehicle – These are tracked or wheeled vehicles solely dedicated to tank destruction via ambush. They are typically used in coordination with tanks. The weapon can be an ATGM (anti-tank guided missile) or large caliber cannon.  Armored Personnel Carrier (APC) – These vehicles, generally tracked, are primarily intended to transport small numbers of troops (less than 20) under some level of armored protection. APC vehicles may have some water or river crossing capability and therefore be referred to as having an amphibious capability, but they are not intended as “ocean-going” amphibians for use in amphibious assault from ships. They are usually armed and operate in coordination with tanks providing their primary defense. Vehicles originally designed as APCs are often extensively modified for other missions, including light assault, reconnaissance, command and control. Unless we have explicit detailed information on these modified platforms we include them within the APC functional category.  Bridging Vehicle – These are tracked or wheeled vehicles that carry a variety of metal bridge sections. They are used by mechanized forces, both armored and unarmored. Tracked variants typically are converted from tank chassis and carry a folding metal bridge instead of a turret. Wheeled bridging vehicles are similar in bridge technology however; the bridge load capability is typically lower.  Combat Engineering (Vehicle) – These vehicles cover a wide variety of vehicles used for combat vehicle repair and retrieval, mine clearing, construction, medical support or any other vehicles operating in close proximity to fighting vehicles but generally unarmed, or only lightly armed for self-defense. It includes vehicles originally intended for another functional category that have been significantly modified for combat support missions.  Command Post Vehicle – These are vehicles used for command and control. They typically have no offensive weapon systems but instead have advanced radio and communication equipment for commanders and staff to exercise command and coordinate air and artillery support.  Infantry Fighting Vehicles and Light Attack Vehicles – This category covers a broad span of combat vehicles, often wheeled rather than tracked. They are usually lightly armed and carry a small number of troops under arms. This category includes a broad range of vehicle sizes and weights from small “desert rat” type vehicles to 19-ton Stryker-sized vehicles and larger.  Logistics Support (Vehicle) – This category includes a wide variety of vehicles not primarily intended for direct contact with the enemy. Large trucks of all types are in this category, including fire trucks for use at military airfields. The vehicles in this category are often Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) or COTS-derived. This category includes most of the HMMWV (High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle) and its variants.

 Mine Warfare – Those platforms with the capability to detect and/or clear mines.  NBC Nuclear-Biological-Chemical – This category includes vehicles intended for Nuclear, Biological, Chemical and High-Yield Explosives related missions. These may include monitoring, cleanup or similar non-Reconnaissance missions that have a payload of NBC-specific equipment that represents a significant portion of the entire platform. The vehicles are typically significantly modified variants within a family of vehicles, but can also be stand-alone vehicles.  Recovery Vehicle – These can be tracked or wheeled, and are usually built on the chassis of the vehicle in the same class as they are supposed to recover. They have a variety of recovery equipment but normally have an A-Frame crane, a main towing winch and towing package. They are normally armored and built on the chassis of a main battle tank or other armored fighting vehicles.  Surveillance/Reconnaissance – This category includes vehicles specially equipped for Reconnaissance. They are generally lightly armed and have a payload of electronic equipment that represents a significant portion of the entire platform. Vehicles in this category often include vehicles that are significantly modified APCs or IFVs and for which explicit data exists on their modifications.  Self-Propelled Artillery (SPA) – These vehicles carry major weapon systems capable of engaging the enemy with indirect fires. The category includes both conventional tubed artillery and multiple-tubed rocket launchers. Towed artillery is explicitly excluded from this category.  Tank – This category includes heavy, medium and light tanks, and tracked “tank- killers”. These vehicles mount a high caliber turreted gun capable of engaging other tanks.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category includes any vehicle function not explicitly described by another function category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general Military Ground Vehicle related technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Ground Vehicle Attributes

 Locomotion Means is an attribute field with four unique selections: Wheeled, Tracked, Multi-traction, and Unspecified. Multi-traction is used on those very few vehicles that employ both wheeled and tracked locomotion. Unspecified is used when the locomotion means is unknown or the record is generic and not limited to a single locomotion means.  Fuel Type is an attribute field with 3 unique selections: Gasoline, Diesel, Multi- Fuel. Multi-Fuel is used for vehicles that can use gasoline and diesel fuel.  Horsepower is represented by ranges, increasing by approximately 100 to 200 Horse Power segments.

Military Ground Vehicle Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Platform – The portion of the system related to the vehicle’s overall frame or body including armament.  Primary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the Item’s largest caliber firing mechanism(s) for ammunition, ordnance and munitions. Frequently a complete turret that is mounted on the vehicle.  Secondary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the Item’s second largest firing mechanism(s) for ammunition, ordnance and munitions.  Main Engines/Propulsion – The portion of the system that provides the vehicle with powered mobility.  Turret – The portion of the system used to mount and aim the primary gun (if not part of the gun).  Transmission – The portion of the system used to increase torque provided from the Main engine.  Mission Systems –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2 and onboard computing. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).  Mission System Integrator (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors and electronics. This type of integrator is most common on very complex platform programs.  Armor – the portion of a vehicle that contains materials that provide a defense against weapons by enhancing or covering the vehicle’s primary structure.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and

other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personal, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Ship Market

Military Ship is a core market that includes manned, sea-based vessels used in dedicated support of military naval operations and national homeland defense. National homeland defense is defined as protection of a nation against border intrusion and conventional or unconventional attacks. Sea-based is defined to mean the oceans, seas, gulfs, and harbors that border the external boundaries of a nation. The market includes onboard mission and weapon systems.

The Military Ship market includes:  All major surface combatants and submarines;  Amphibious support, mine warfare, auxiliary, coastal patrol, sealift, C2 and Intel-ops vessels;  R&D, production and significant modification of such ships;  Nuclear refueling programs;  Major refit/upgrade programs;  Large military research and search & rescue vessels;  Service and Support contracts;  Green variant of Mil Ship Database (removes value of onboard mission systems);  Integration Only variant of Military Ship Database (represents integration value only).

The Military Ship market does not include:  Unmanned marine vessels and systems;  Commercial ships or merchant ships;  Nuclear power materials provided GFE  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;

 Missiles, torpedoes, close-in-weapon-systems and other expendable munitions and guided weapons;  Non-military national and local government vessels used for such internal civil duties as law enforcement, fisheries, natural disasters, and rescue operations.

Military Ship Functional Segmentations

Classifying ships is not an exact science. Sizes, outfitting and designations are generally decided upon by the builder or user. Very similar vessels that one user may call frigates may be called destroyers by another user.  Amphibious – Vessels and craft designed for transport, delivery and sustainment of troops, vehicles and equipment over the shore into the battlefield. Larger amphibious vessels typically use smaller landing craft and helicopters for ship-to-shore transport but some retain a beach landing capability. Includes large flat top amphibious assault ships capable of operating Short-Take-Off-Vertical-Landing fixed-wing aircraft if designated as amphibious assets by builder and/or operator.  Attack Sub – Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter- killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.  Ballistic Sub – Typically designated SSBN, ballistic submarines are uniquely designed for the mission of land target strategic strike.  Carrier – Ocean and sea-going vessels capable of functioning as full service airfields for aircraft designed for such operations.  Coastal/Patrol – Non-ocean, non-sea going vessels occasionally lightly armed and used for search, rescue and border enforcement.  Command Ship –A ship equipped to act as a mobile, floating command center for control and co-ordination of local, regional, and/or worldwide operations.  Corvette – Small, lightly armed vessel, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft; some recent designs resemble frigates in size and role.  Cruiser – Dreadnoughts upward of 15K tons displacement or designated as a cruiser by the builder and/or user.  Destroyer – Combat ships in the 5K to 15K ton displacement range and designated as a destroyer by the builder and/or user.  Frigate – Combat and special mission vessels typically smaller than a destroyer but designated as a Frigate by the builder and user.  Icebreaker – Ships with high-strength hulls and excess power capable of breaking sea ice to allow other ships to navigate regions with seasonal or permanent ice cover. May also provide logistic and scientific research support and fulfill patrol tasks in Polar Regions.  Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  Logistics/Support – Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.

 Mine Warfare – Small ocean and sea capable ships that typically operate in littoral or harbor water depths environments to lay and sweep mines.  Salvage/Rescue – Ships equipped to provide assistance to disabled vessels and/or submarines. May feature firefighting and towing capability; provide heavy lift capability from ocean depths; and support manned and submersible diving operations.  Sealift – Non-combatant vessels used for the transportation of military cargo to areas of operation. Typically commercial cargo and Roll-On/-Roll-Off ships taken up from trade and requiring secure port facilities for loading and off-loading. Also vessels that act as floating warehouses and can transfer cargo to amphibious warfare ships while at sea for onward delivery into the battlefield.  Survey/Oceanography – Vessels that are used to map the ocean floor and perform acoustical, biological, physical and geophysical surveys to provide data that aids our understanding of oceans and the undersea domain.  Training – Vessels used for training ships’ crew that are equipped with systems essential to provide instruction in modern seamanship, navigation and the proper and safe operation of ships’ equipment.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – Miscellaneous ships that do not fit in any of the other functional segment groups.  Research & Technology – Includes basic/detailed design, system development, studies and general ship related technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Military Ship Attributes

 Propulsion is an attribute providing the singular and combined energy sources used to propel ships. o Diesel (Diesel). A vessel or craft propelled by one or more diesel engines. Each engine is connected by reduction gears and clutch to a propeller shaft. o Combined Diesel and Diesel (CODAD). A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of multiple diesel engines. One diesel is connected by reduction gears and clutches to each propeller shaft for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more additional diesels can be connected to each propeller shaft by cross connect gear units and clutches for high speed operations. o Diesel Electric (Diesel-elect). A vessel or craft propelled by one or more diesel engines and electric propulsion. Each engine is connected to a generator which provides electrical energy to one or more electrical motors connected to each propeller shaft. o Diesel-electric and AIP (Diesel-elect/AIP) A vessel or craft propelled by one or more diesel engines connected to generators, as well as an Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) system using electrochemical reaction in fuel cells, heat engines, closed cycle engines, or radioisotope thermoelectric

generators to provide electrical energy to one or more electrical motors connected to each propeller shaft. o Gas turbine (Gas turb) A vessel or craft propelled by one or more gas turbines. One turbine is connected by reduction gears and clutches to each propeller shaft. o Gas turbine electric (Gas turb elect) A vessel or craft propelled by one or more gas turbines and electric propulsion. Each engine is connected to a generator which provides electrical energy to one or more electrical motors connected to each propeller shaft. o Combined Gas and Gas turbine (COGAG) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of multiple gas turbines. One turbine is connected by reduction gears and clutches to each propeller shaft for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more additional turbines can be connected to each propeller shaft by cross connect gear units and clutches for high speed operations. o Combined Gas or Gas Turbine (COGOG) A vessel or craft propelled by multiple gas turbines of different output. A low output turbine is connected by reduction gears and clutches to each propeller shaft for cruising and loitering. A high output turbine is connected by reduction gears and clutches for high speed operations. o Combined Diesel and Gas Turbine (CODAG) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of diesel engines and gas turbines. One or more diesel engines are connected by reduction gears, cross connection gears and clutches to the propeller shafts for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more gas turbines can additionally be connected to the propeller shafts for high speed operations. o Combined Diesel or Gas Turbine (CODOG) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of diesel engines or gas turbines. One or more diesel engines are connected by reduction gears, cross connection gears and clutches to the propeller shafts for cruising and loitering. One or more gas turbines can instead be connected to the propeller shafts for high speed operations. o Combined Diesel-electric and Gas Turbine (CODLAG) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of electric motors and gas turbines. Electric motors powered by diesel generators are connected to the propeller shafts for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more gas turbines can additionally be connected for high speed operations. o Combined Diesel-electric or Gas Turbine (CODLOG) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of electric motors or gas turbines. Electric motors powered by diesel generators are connected to the propeller shafts for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more gas turbines can instead be connected for high speed operations. o Combined Diesel and Diesel-electric (CODLAD) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of diesel engines and electric motors. Electric motors powered by diesel generators are connected to each propeller shaft for operation at cruising and loitering speeds. One or more diesel engines can additionally be connected to the shaft via reduction gears, cross connecting gear units and clutches for high speed operations.

o Combined Diesel and Gas Turbine Electric (Diesel/Gas-elect) A vessel or craft propelled by a combination of diesel and gas turbine generators and electric propulsion. A combination of diesel engines and gas turbines are connected to generators which provide electrical energy to one or more electric motors connected to each propeller shaft. o Diesel and Hybrid (Diesel-Hybrid) A vessel or craft propelled by diesel engines or electric motors. Electric motors powered by ship service generators are connected to the propeller shafts for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. For high speed operations, one or more diesel engines can instead be connected by reduction gears, cross connection gears and clutches. o Gas Turbine and Hybrid (Gas turb-Hybrid) A vessel or craft propelled by gas turbines or electric motors. Electric motors powered by ship service generators are connected to the propeller shafts for operations at cruising and loitering speeds. For high speed operations, one or more gas turbines can instead be connected by reduction gears, cross connection gears and clutches. o Nuclear (nuclear) A vessel or craft propelled by one or several nuclear reactors providing heat energy to steam turbines. Steam turbines are connected to the propeller shafts by reduction gears and clutches, or via generators which provide electrical energy to one or more electrical motors. o Combustion boiler (Steam) A vessel or craft propelled by one or several combustion boilers providing heat energy to steam turbines. Steam turbines are connected to the propellers shafts by reduction gears and clutches, or via generators which provide electrical energy to one or more electrical motors. o Nuclear and Combustion Boiler (CONAS) A vessel or craft propelled by both nuclear reactor(s) and combustion boiler(s) providing heat energy to steam turbines. Steam turbines are connected to the propellers shafts by reduction gears and clutches, or via generators which provide electrical energy to one or more electrical motors. o Unknown (unknown) A vessel or craft propelled by an unknown power source and/or unknown method of power transmission. o Other (other) A vessel or craft propelled by other means, such as outboard motor.

 Displacement (US Tons). Displacement is the weight of water displaced by a ship’s hull when floating. The Military Ships database uses the following displacements: o Surface ships. Full displacement, which is defined as the displacement of a ship when fully loaded with all stores, ammunition, fuel, and water. o Submarines. Submerged displacement, which is defined as the displacement of a submarine when submerged at neutral buoyancy and fully loaded with all stores, ammunition, fuel and water.

0-99

100-500

501-1,000

1,001-2,000

2,001-4,000

4,001-6,000

6,001-8,000

8,001-12,000

12,001-20,000

20,001-40,000

40,001-Up

o Unknown - The displacement is not known. o Various - The vessel has multiple configurations that impact its displacement.

 Length (Feet). Length is the distance between a ship’s forward and aft extremities, expressed in feet. In cases in which waterline length is available, the Military Ships database uses that value. 0-99

100-199

200-259

260-325

326-399

400-459

460-525

526-659

660-825

826-Up

Prepared by D. Janeway December 3, 2015

o Unknown - The length is not known.

Military Ship Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Yard/Builder (HM&E) 1-2 – The portion of the program related to building a vessel’s hull, mechanical and engineering systems.  Main Engines/Propulsion 1-2 –The portion of the system that provides the ship with powered movement and maneuver capability.  Armaments – The portion of the system related to launchers and arms control and management.  Mission Systems –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2, Sonar and onboard computing. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).  Mission System Integrator (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors and electronics. This type of integrator is most common on very complex platform programs.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.

Missile Market

Missile is a core market that includes flight-capable weapons with self-contained power, warheads and onboard initial, mid-course and/or terminal guidance and their reusable launchers. It includes expendable aerial targets. Missiles operate in the atmosphere, exosphere, or space.

The Missile Market includes:  Guided tactical, cruise and ballistic missiles as well as expendable aerial targets, launched from air, land, or sea and their reusable launchers.

The Missile Market does not include:  Precision guided non-powered weapons;  Unguided rockets or artillery;  Unmanned vehicles or spacecraft;  Underwater weapons such as torpedoes or mines;  Expendable launchers that are part of All Up Rounds  Aircraft bomb or missile launcher rails and racks  Launcher related R&D and Services  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Missile Functional Segmentations

 Mine Warfare – Primarily used to neutralize land and sea-based mines by direct attack.  Multi-Target – Can be used against multiple target types.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Nuclear – missile system whose primary payload is a nuclear device.  Target - an expendable, unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general missile and PGW technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Missile Attributes

 Missile Type is an attribute field with six unique selections: o Tactical Missile – Unlike a cruise missile, a tactical missile follows a trajectory defined by its size, weight, and power. A tactical missile generally has aerodynamic features that allow it to adjust its flight path to the target. A tactical missile is usually designed for specific missions (e.g. anti-air, anti- armor, anti-ship, anti-radiation) and may attack ground, sea, and airborne platforms and personnel. o Cruise Missile – A cruise missile is a flying weapon that uses altitude, attitude, and direction controls to allow it to sustain a controlled flight path throughout its attack profile. They typically have self-contained navigation systems, and some may be reprogrammed to change targets. Cruise missiles may engage land or sea-based targets. o Ballistic Missile – A ballistic missile is typically powered during the ascent portion of its flight which often reaches sub-orbital altitudes. It then follows a ballistic trajectory for the last portion of its mission. Some ballistic missiles may contain power in the terminal portion of their flight to allow for evasive maneuvers and increased accuracy. o SAM – A Surface to Air Missile (SAM) is a weapon used to attack airborne targets from land, sea, or man-portable platforms. Its targets may include manned and unmanned aircraft and cruise missiles. o ABM – An Anti-Ballistic Missile is designed to combat ballistic missiles. It typically is designed to engage the attacking missile during the descent to the target. However, new programs are addressing attacks during the ascent and mid-course portions, as well. Because of the advance of guidance technologies, the operational line between SAMs and ABMs can be difficult to draw.

o Launcher - Method of launching missiles. This includes Command Launcher Units and re-loadable launch tubes. Disposable, one-time use launchers and aircraft missile racks are excluded. o Technology –This covers research and development efforts that have not focused on a specific application.

 Seeker Type is an attribute describing the type of terminal guidance technology used for detection and homing such as radar, infra-red or laser. This attribute has eleven unique selections. o IR - Infra-red homing seeker. IR homing seekers track and follow electromagnetic radiation emissions in the infra-red part of the spectrum. Often referred to as heat seekers. o RF (Active) - Active Radar homing Seeker. Uses a Radio Frequency transceiver in order to acquire and track a particular target. Seeker is autonomous. o RF (Semi-Active) - Semi-Active Radar homing seeker. Acquires and tracks Radio Frequency waves transmitted from an off-board source (normally the firing platform). The RF waves are reflected by the target and received by the semi-active seeker. o RF (Passive) - Passive Radar homing Seeker. Acquires and homes in on Radio Frequency waves transmitted by a third-party (target). Examples include radar waves transmitted by air-defense radar or electronic warfare jammers. o TV - Electro-Optic or TV seeker. Uses the visual spectrum to acquire and guide missile to the target. o SAL - Semi-Active Laser homing seeker. Acquires and homes in on laser radiation reflected from the target. Target is designated, or painted, by a laser designator. o RF (Active/Passive) - Dual Mode Seeker with both Active and Passive Radar. Missiles with this type of seeker have the ability to switch between two modes depending on the target and environment. o RF (Active)/IR - Dual Mode Seeker with Active Radar and Infra-Red. Missiles with this type of seeker have the ability to switch between two modes depending on the target and environment. o RF (Passive)/IR - Dual Mode Seeker with Passive Radar and Infra-Red. Missiles with this type of seeker have the ability to switch between two modes depending on the target and environment. o Tri-Mode - Missile with three different seeker types such as RF, IR and SAL. Missiles with this type of seeker have the ability to switch between three modes depending on the target and environment. o No Seeker - Guidance is provided without a seeker. Examples include, but are not limited to, INS/GPS guidance, Command Line of Site (CLOS), Beam riding and wire guidance.

Missile Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Airframe – The portion of the system needed for air worthiness.  Seeker – Terminal guidance system that uses RF, EO/IR, Laser, Sonar and other such technologies to identify and home in on the target.  Guidance and Control 1-3 – The guidance and control (G&C) section(s) of a missile may contain any number of components, largely electronic, that are used for navigation, orientation, and control. Some of the typical components found in these sections include GPS receivers, Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), Inertial Measurement/Reference Units (IMU or IRU), mechanical and electronic gyroscopes, accelerometers, computers, data systems, altimeters, datalinks, flight controls/autopilots, actuators, thrusters and wire/fiber optic guidance elements. As the suppliers of G&C components are identified, they will be listed in approximately their contribution dollar value order in the three G&C fields. The missile system suppliers/system integrators will often be listed as the most significant supplier of guidance and control due to their frequent role of integrating and building up a missile’s G&C section.  Arming & Fuzing – The portion of the missile that includes target detection devices, arm-safe systems, and fuzes that identify the conditions for triggering the warhead.  Warhead – The portion of the system related to the Missiles destructive charge(s).  Core Propulsion – The primary sustaining engine on the missile that takes it from launch (or if a booster is used, post-launch) to the target.  Propulsion/Booster 1-2 – If applicable, any secondary propulsion used by the missile for launch or sustained flight. Instances may be first and second stage rocket motors for long-range missiles and boosters used to accelerate a missile to cruise speed.  Primary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the primary firing/launching device supplier.  Secondary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the secondary firing/launching device supplier.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting

and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.  Core Propulsion – The portion of the system that may power the item’s launch and does power the item’s sustained flight requirements. The exception is for torpedoes which are powered to the target.  Propulsion/Booster – If applicable, any secondary propulsion used by the Item for launch or sustained flight. Instances may be first and second stage rocket motors for long-range weapons.  Energy Systems 1-3 – That part of the Directed Energy System that develops the energy system, transmits it to an emitter, and emits a beam to include emission control systems.  Primary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the primary firing/launching device supplier.  Secondary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the secondary firing/launching device supplier.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and

other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Precision Guided Weapons (PGW) Market

PGW is a core market that includes systems and weapons without self-contained and sustaining power but having range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing. It also includes underwater systems that may have sustaining power to the target and energy weapons that do not have warheads or fuzing. Finally, it includes the guns, mortars and launch tubes used to employ these weapons and systems.

The PGW Market includes:  Precision guided systems using imbedded guidance systems or strap-on kits; o Payloads that may be weapon or non-weapon related.  Precision guided systems with initial boosters for the purposes of increasing range;  Fully automatic guns and lethal energy weapons with an autonomous ability to track and fire precision or non-precision munitions or rays as a point defense: this includes some Active Protection Systems and Close in Weapon Systems;  Directed energy weapons (lethal and non-lethal);  Torpedoes and mines with sensors able to discriminate targets.  Guns over 57 mm caliber  Towed and self-propelled mortars over 57 mm caliber  Torpedo tubes

The PGW Market does not include:  Missiles (defined as precision weapons that operate in the atmosphere or space using sustained, self-contained power to the target);  Guns of caliber less than or equal to 57 mm  Underwater evasion device launch tubes  Bulk explosives, ammunition, unguided bombs and ordnance;  Mines with non-discriminating sensors, such as acoustic, pressure, and magnetic;

 Small arms, towed howitzers or artillery guns;  Gun related R&D and Services  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Precision-Guided Weapon Functional Segmentations

 Anti-Aircraft – Primarily used against aircraft targets.  Anti-Armor – Primarily used against armored and bunker targets.  Anti-Missile – Primarily used against missiles or precision-guided weapons.  Anti-Munition – Primarily used for self-defense against artillery and rocket propelled grenades.  Anti-Personnel – Primarily used against personnel.  Anti-RF – Primarily used against systems emitting RF signals.  Anti-Ship – Primarily used against sea-based targets.  Anti-Torpedo – weapon system designed to provide a defense against incoming torpedoes. The incoming torpedo is intercepted and destroyed.  Gun – a breech-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber and capable of firing PGWs. Includes both direct fire and indirect fire weapons  Mortar – a muzzle-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber capable of firing PGWs at low velocities, over short ranges, and at high trajectories  Mine Warfare – Primarily used to neutralize land and sea-based mines by direct attack.  Multi-Target – Can be used against multiple target types.  Torpedo Tube – a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Nuclear – precision guided weapon system with a nuclear warhead.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general missile and PGW technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Precision Guided Weapon Attributes

 PGW Type is an attribute field with five unique selections: o PGM. Precision Guided Munition – This is a munition that contains some form of self-contained guidance that operates throughout the flight path to increase accuracy. The PGM is distinguished from missiles by its lack of

powered flight throughout its flight. It may use initial boosters to provide separation from the launcher or increase range. Typically, this guidance comes in the form of enroute navigation (such as GPS/INS) and/or terminal guidance (such as laser/radar/optical). o DEW. Directed Energy Weapon – This is a beamed-energy weapon that does not contain a projectile. The force of the energy may run the gamut from non-lethal to lethal. Typically, these weapons use laser, microwave, or plasma technology to control, confuse, disable, or destroy targets. o CIWS. Close-In Weapon System – This is a weapon system that operates autonomously based on a set of criteria programmed into the system. It is mostly used for ship self-defense against missile attacks but has further application against swarming surface vehicles. This category would also include autonomous self-protection systems for land and air vehicles that attack the incoming threat, which may come in the form of a missile, rocket, or artillery round. o Launcher – Method of launching a precision guided munition or torpedo. This can be a gun, mortar or torpedo tube. o Mine – To qualify for inclusion in this category, a munition must occupy a passive state until it autonomously senses its target and provides some form of precision attack on that target. This excludes mines that are activated only by contact either by pressure or trip wire. Mines are usually land or sea-based systems, however, some countries claim to have aerial mines, as well. o Torpedo – This is a self-propelled undersea munition with onboard guidance systems (either command or autonomous). Its attack path may be programmed and autonomous or fully controlled by means of a tether to the host platform. Some torpedoes are capable of both tethered and non-tethered operations.

Precision Guided Weapon (PGW) Subsystems

guidance and control due to their frequent role of integrating and building up a weapon’s G&C section.  Arming & Fuzing – The portion of the weapon that includes target detection devices, arm-safe systems, and fuzes that identify the conditions for triggering the warhead.  Warhead – The portion of the system related to the Item’s destructive charge(s). Radar Market

Radar is a core market that contains military and defense-related equipment that operates in the RF wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate, transmit, receive and/or process signals for the purpose of gathering intelligence, performing surveillance and reconnaissance, countering threats, or providing target information , or generating RF signatures for use in testing and/or training environments. This market contains radar signature generators, radar sensors, and radar-related EW systems.

The Radar market includes:  Military ground, sea, air, and space based radars;  Non-military ground, sea, air, and space based radars dedicated to national homeland defense;  Ground, sea, and air based Radar Electronic Warfare systems;  Development (government funded), production, and support programs;  Significant radar and Radar EW upgrade programs;  Radar signature generators for use in testing and/or training environments;  Service and Support contracts.

The Radar market does not include:  Commercial radars (e.g. commercial air carriers);  State and local government radars;  Radar IFF systems (Covered in the Mil Communication market);  Platform central computers that support multiple avionics/electronic systems;  Radars imbedded in weapons to provide guidance and navigation (refer to the Missile and PGW databases);  Support structures, buildings, vehicles, platforms that support radars and EW systems;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Radar Functional Segmentations

 Air Search – Air Search radars can be either ship- or land-based, and search large areas for airborne objects such as aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and

cruise missiles. Air Search Radars usually provide target information to Search/Track/Target and/or Fire Control Radars (FCR).  ATC Mil-Radar – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities. Transponder dependent “Secondary Radars” that track targets based on their Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) response are contained in the MilComm database.  Counter-Battery – Systems designed to detect, track and fix the origin of ballistic ordnance (e.g., rockets, mortars and artillery shells.  Decoys – Systems providing one or more false targets to lure an attacking system away from its intended target.  Early Warning – Systems used for long range detection and tracking of potentially hostile airborne or space borne objects. Includes the primary radar on Airborne Early Warning (AEW) aircraft.  ESM Receiver – A passive listening system that detects analyzes and/or records and/or automatically recognizes intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated.  EW Suite (Radar) – Passive ESM receiver or RWR integrated with one or more countermeasure sub-system, e.g. Jammer, Decoy.  Fire Control – Single-function or multi-function airborne tactical radar or, single- function land and ship-based radars that track threats and enable the ability of a weapon or gun system to achieve target intercept.  Ground Surveillance – Land-based radar primarily intended to detect and track ground targets (including humans). Typical uses include force protection, homeland security, border surveillance, or industrial security applications. Capabilities could also include perimeter protection around sensitive areas and/or intrusion alerting.  Jammer – Active countermeasure systems that operate disrupt/deny information to hostile systems operating in the radar electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Navigation – On aircraft, specialized radars used for nap-of-the-earth flight control (i.e., Terrain Following Radar (TFR)). On ships, typically a Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) radar, nominally meeting the requirements of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), requiring a 9 GHz radar for safe navigation.  Radar Altimeter — Single-function, active fixed-aperture aircraft system operating in the radar portion of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum, providing information on the aircraft height above ground level (AGL).  Search/Track/Target – Multi-function ship and ground-based radars providing detection, tracking and identification for targets of interest. The track and targeting functions are supported within the same aperture as the search function, or are not separately identified. This designation is also used for systems, such as ship and ground-based AESAs, which may also provide EW and other functionality within the common aperture.  Sim/Training/Test – multi-role radio frequency (RF) and Electronic Warfare (EW) simulation devices used to generate a range of RF signatures for use in training and testing environments.  Surface Search – Ship-based radars that scan the surface out to the radar horizon for ships, periscopes, and coastal features.

 Surveillance / Reconnaissance – These radars are usually located on airborne platforms and provide detailed information/images of land or sea based objects or areas of interest. Also includes space-based radars and ground-based radars searching/tracking objects in space.  Warning Receiver – Passive systems that provide warning signals related to immediate hostile/attacking systems such as when a target is being illuminated by a fire control radar. Commonly referred to as “RWR” for Radar Warning Receiver.  VTS/Coastal Surv Radar – Land-based radar used for Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and/or for coastal/off-shore surveillance.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segment, for example, omnibus service contracts covering broad areas.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general radar technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Radar Attributes

 Radio Frequency is an attribute field that specifies the frequency band based on the NATO standard. A (30-250 MHz)

B (250-500 MHz)

C (500-1,000 MHz)

D (1-2 GHz)

E (2-3 GHz)

E/F (2-4 GHz)

F (3-4 GHz)

G (4-6 GHz)

G/H (4-8 GHz)

H (6-8 GHz)

I (8-10 GHz)

I/J (8-20 GHz)

J (10-20 GHz)

K (20-40 GHz)

L (40-60 GHz)

M (60-100 GHz)

ELF (30-300 Hz)

ULF (300 - 3000 Hz)

VLF (3 - 30 kHz)

LF (30 - 300 kHz)

MF (300 - 3000 kHz)

HF (3-30 MHz)

o Broadband - Two or more contiguous bands not otherwise described below o Multi-Band - Two or more none-contiguous bands o Variable - Manufacturer sells same basic radar with different frequency options, undetermined by DS Forecast. o Unknown - Frequency band has not been determined by DS Forecast. o Other - Frequency range is not well described by any of the choices. o NA - Used when designation of an RF frequency band is inappropriate. o TBD - Frequency band has not been selected.

 LPI - Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radars reflect characteristics that render a transmitted signal more difficult to detect by others, although LPI is difficult to define quantitatively. The transmit signal of a radar cannot be made undetectable, but many things can be done to minimize that range at which a “stealthy” signal can be detected and/or place very high demands on the ESM/RWR receiver doing the detecting. LPI techniques include minimizing the peak and average power of the transmitted signal, while spreading and encoding the signal across a broad frequency band, using highly sophisticated techniques. In the JDSF database, we do not attempt to apply quantitative thresholds supporting the classification of a radar as LPI. Rather, we classify a radar as LPI: (1) if the supplier asserts that the system is an LPI radar, or; (2) if knowledgeable sources make that assertion. The following are valid entries in this field. o LPI - The supplier has asserted that the system is an LPI radar, or a knowledgeable source has made that assertion, or the requirement suggests that LPI offers a competitive advantage. o NA - The radar is passive or consideration of LPI characteristics is inappropriate, e.g. active or passive EW system. o Non-LPI - There is no basis on which to assert that the radar is LPI and/or the requirement does not suggest that LPI offers a competitive advantage. o TBD - The system has not been identified and/or an LPI requirement is not determinable.

 Radar Types. Many JDSF customers are interested in how the radar market is separated based on the “type” of radar, where type is determined by the dominant architectural feature, rather than the operating frequency or functional segment. We have not found a taxonomy that proposes to classify radar equipment using mutually exclusive “types” and we believe there is an inevitable overlap of different “types” in any modern radar system. Nonetheless, we allow the following list of primary “types”, recognizing that this list is NOT mutually exclusive. o Phased Array - Phased Arrays use individual phase shifters for each element in a 2-dimensional array of antenna elements, creating a more precise and rapidly controlled transmitted signal. Typically stationary or “staring”, phased array radar forms a single beam that can be rapidly repositioned through the phase-shifter architecture. PESA and AESA radars are advanced versions of a phased array that are able to form multiple simultaneous beams.

o AESA - Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) uses an array populated by many hundreds of individual Transmit/Receive (T/R) modules located at the face of the antenna. AESA architectures provide for multiple simultaneous multi-function beams with additional benefits of durability and graceful degradation as individual T/R modules fail. It is the “state of the art” as of 2014. o PESA - Passive Electronically Scanned Array (PESA) is a technological precursor of the AESA, employing a high power transmitter to feed the T/R modules rather than having all power generated within the T/R module. PESA is less efficient than AESA, but is capable of producing far more transmitted power. o Bi-Static - Bi-static radar has the receiver geographically distant from the transmitter. Examples are missile seekers that employ semi-active homing, e.g. with the target illuminator on the ship and a receiver in the missile seeker. o Multi-Static - Multi-Static radars have multiple transmitters and/or receivers that are spatially dispersed. Information is typically fused at a central facility. o SAR - Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) creates an artificially large antenna derived from the velocity of the radar platform. o ISAR - Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) creates a 2-dimensional image of the target derived from the motions of the target, supporting non- cooperative target classification, e.g., distinguishing a naval combatant from a commercial tanker. o Passive - Passive radars collect echoes off targets from ambient, non- coordinated active sources such as TV and radio transmitters. o Other (Solid State) - This category includes radars that transmit at relatively low power, with the radar transmitter consisting entirely of silicon and gallium arsenide transistor technology, in parallel and series, to generate modest power with high reliability. o Other - This category covers the majority of radar systems, and all system architectures not encompassed by the definitions describing the more specialized architectures in the paragraphs above. These radars use tube- based technology to generate the transmitted signal and are typically rotating/mechanically scanning, single beam architectures.

Radar Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Transmitter – The portion of the system related to signal(s) generation and transmission (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Receiver – The portion of the system related to signal(s) reception (Hardware and Software, if applicable).

 T/R System – The T/R System is a module in an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA). The T/R module in an AESA is a self-contained package containing a receiver, power amplified transmitter, and digitally controlled phase/delay and gain elements.  Processor – The portion of the system related to processing signal informational content (if applicable).  Antenna – The portion of the program related to signal propagation and directional aspects (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Mission Software – The portion of the Radar system related to mission software. Advanced Radar systems are relying increasingly more on complex software packages to encode, decode, adjust wavelengths, build information packages and conduct content modulation in order to maximize device utilization across many applications.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Spacecraft Market

Spacecraft is a core market that includes military, federal, civil and commercial space-based platforms (including payload/onboard mission systems) designed for earth-orbital, solar or stellar missions.

The Spacecraft market includes:  Earth satellites, manned spacecraft (shuttles) and unmanned solar & stellar spacecraft;  Spacecraft launch vehicles for Military, Civil and Commercial Spacecraft;  Government funded spacecraft related research and development;  R&D, production and significant modification of spacecraft;  Service and Support contracts;  Green variant of Spacecraft Database (removes value of onboard mission systems);  Integration Only variant of Spacecraft Database (represents integration value only).

The Spacecraft market does not include:  Ground C2 or Communication networks or facilities that control spacecraft or fleets;  Ground Information Distribution Systems for Spacecraft generated signals and data;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Spacecraft Functional Segmentations

 Early Warning – Space Systems designed to be used a sensor, tripwire or early indicator and provide an initial and/or early alert of an event.  Launch – This category contains launch booster vehicles used to place space systems into orbit or beyond. Launch boosters are generally expendable and do not conduct any continuing part of the space system’s function after launch.  Meteorological – Space System with a primary mission or purpose that is weather- or environmental-related.  Communications – Space System with a primary mission of military data transmission including Voice, Video and/or Data, but not including Telecommunications.  Navigation – Space Systems with a primary mission to aid travel/ relative positioning.  Space Frontiers – Space Systems with a primary purpose of expanding mankind’s knowledge of the extended universe.  Space Transport – Space Systems with a primary purpose of moving passengers, cargo, robots, equipment, supplies or anything else up to or within space environments.

 Surveillance/Reconnaissance – Space Systems with a primary mission to watch and observe known events, places or conditions (surveillance) or reconnoiter for suspected events.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Programs focused at improving Space System capabilities and technology (e.g. increase speed, range, efficiency, reliability, etc.). Research & Technology programs may be pilot studies or concepts in development as well as physical systems.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Spacecraft Attributes

 Orbit Path is an attribute field with eight unique selections: o LEO – Low Earth Orbit. Platforms that orbit between 80 km and 2000 km. o MEO – Medium Earth Orbit. Platform orbits lie between 2000 km to 35,786 km, but most commonly at 20,200 km or 20,650, with an orbital period of 12 hours). Note that the Van Allen Belts of high energy protons lie within the MEO orbital range bands. o GEO – Geosynchronous Orbits. Platform orbits with a revolution of exactly one day at an altitude of 35,786 km. Any orbit, which has a period equal to the Earth’s rotational period. The orbit’s eccentricity and inclination may not necessarily be zero. When the orbit is circular and the rotational period has zero inclination, the platform is considered to also be “geostationary”. o HEO - High Earth Orbits/Highly Elliptical Orbits. A High Earth Orbit is any orbit above geosynchronous (above 35,786 km). A Highly Elliptical Orbit is an orbit of low perigee (about 1000 km) and a high apogee over 35,786 km). These orbits have an inclination between 50 and 70 degrees. Highly elliptical orbits are mainly perturbed by the Earth’s oblateness and by gravitational attraction of the Sun and Moon. HEOs are popular orbits for Earth magentospheric measurements and astronomical observatories. o LPO - Lagrangian Point Orbits. A location in space around a rotating two- body system (such as the Earth-Moon or Earth-Sun) where the pulls of the gravitating bodies combine to form a point at which a third body of negligible mass would be stationary relative to the two bodies. There are five Lagrangian points in all. L1, L2 and L3 are unstable, however growing numbers of spacecraft are being placed in halo orbits around the L1 and L2 points; station-keeping, in the form of regular thruster firings, are needed to maintain these orbits. o Polar – A special case of a Low Earth Orbit. Platform (satellite) that passes all latitudes at the same local solar time (sun synchronous) each day [through a combination of proper altitude and inclination]. Orbits lie within 20 degrees of a 90 degree inclination from the equator. To maintain this synchronicity, the orbital plane must rotate about 1 degree per day. This also includes Polar

Non Synchronous orbits whereby a platform maintains a polar orbit that does synchronize latitude passes with solar time. o Planetary – Platforms launched for the purpose of exploring the solar system, asteroids, planets, or beyond the solar system. o No Space Position. Used for launch vehicles and/or spacecraft that do not orbit. Also used for records that are for services or R&D not related to a specific spacecraft.

Spacecraft Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Platform – The portion of the system related to the vehicle’s overall frame or body, including armament.  Core Propulsion – In addition to launcher vehicles, SpaceSystem may have three distinct propulsion means: Core, Strap-on or Upper-Stage. Core propulsion is defined as the space systems integral and primary means of propulsion or maneuvering. Retro rockets, course correction jets and pitch, roll and attitude thrusters would be typical core propulsion devices. Core propulsion is usually a retained spacecraft capability until expended.  Upper Stage Propulsion – In addition to launcher vehicles, SpaceSystem may have three distinct propulsion means: Core, Strap-on or Upper-Stage. Upper Stage Propulsion can (1) act as a hosting device for payloads after initial launch into LEO, providing the energy for one or several other space travel trajectories following launch into LEO; or (2) Upper Stages can be little more than second or third stage engines of the launch system. Upper stages are most often and generally always used to propel space system out of a parked LEO and onto their intended space travel trajectories or into GEO parking.  Strap-on Propulsion – In addition to launcher vehicles, SpaceSystem may have three distinct propulsion means: Core, Strap-on or Upper-Stage. Strap-on propulsion is defined as temporary propulsion devices used to maneuver or transport space systems into different orbits or other points in space. Strap-on propulsion devices are used to maneuver huge space system into maintenance, recovery or assembly positions. Strap-on propulsion devices are usually removed from a space system once their purpose has been accomplished.  Flight Control System – The portion of the system related to man-machine interfacing to ensure controlled flight operations, including hardware, software and embedded processors if applicable.  Command Telemetry System – Elements of a SpaceSystem primarily intended to sense, determine, transmit and/or receive positional and/or flight path commands.  Mission Systems –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2, Sonar and onboard computing. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).

 Mission System Integrator (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors and electronics. This type of integrator is most common on very complex platform programs.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Sonar Market

Sonar is a core market that contains military equipment that operates in the underwater acoustic wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate, transmit, receive and/or process signals for the purpose of obtaining information. This market contains both sonar sensor and sonar-related systems.

The Sonar market includes:  Sonars installed or deployed from military platforms, or operated by military organizations, for the purposes of surveillance, detection, tracking, weapon targeting and other military-unique underwater operations (e.g. under-ice navigation);

 Non-military national sonars used in support of homeland defense;  Development (government funded), production, and support programs;  Service and Support contracts.

The Sonar market does not include:  Torpedo sonars (see PGW market);  Sonars integrated into underwater mines (see PGW market);  Sonars installed on self-destructing anti-mine systems (see PGW market);  Fathometers for general navigation;  Ocean bottom mapping (Bathymetric) sonars;  Commercial sonars (e.g. fishing sonars, oil exploration sonars);  Water temperature sensing devices.

Sonar Functional Segmentation

 Anti-Mine – Sonars used to detect and identify sea mines and mine-like underwater threats for the purpose of ensuring access and safe transit of naval forces. Typically high frequency active.  Anti-Mine & Navigation – Sonars used for detection of potential underwater threats, including mines and hazards, for the purpose of own vessel safe navigation. Anti-mine and Navigation systems are often in the same frequency regime and can be dual-purpose.  Auxiliary – Sonar systems and associated components providing a supplementary function to enhance platform mission capabilities, including torpedo defense, data recording, and measurements.  Communications - Sonar systems that are designed specifically to provide communication through various media such as voice, data, and CW (Continuous Wave coded transmissions).  Decoys – Expendable or reusable devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, target, or attack friendly forces.  Logistics/Support – Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.  Multi-function – Sonars that perform more than one of the functions in this list (of similar priority).  Navigation – Sonars designed to satisfy military-unique navigation requirements.  Port Security – Sonar systems for swimmer detection, underwater inspection and monitoring of harbors, waterways and infrastructure.  Surveillance/Reconnaissance – Sonar systems employed for large-area long- range (e.g. 100+ km) ocean surveillance. Typically passive and low frequency.

 Tactical/Attack – Sonar systems used to detect, track and engage submarines and surface ships. This category includes the majority of sonars installed on ships or submarines and includes Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) technology.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general sonar technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Sonar Attributes

 Mode is an attribute field with four unique selections: Active, Passive, Dual-Mode, and Measurement. This field describes the operating mode of the sonar, where appropriate. Dual-Mode means that the sonar can operate both passively and actively.  Frequency is an attribute field with six unique selections that reflect a system’s general operating range within the underwater acoustic frequency band. DS Forecast uses the following frequency band ranges: Band Frequency Range

Very Low <1KHZ

Low 1-3KHZ

Medium 3-14KHZ

High 14-100KHZ

Very High >100KHZ

Multi-band Operates in more than one band

 Mounting is an attribute field with nine unique selections. This attribute specifies where the sonar is mounted. o Bow arrays are typically the largest and most capable hull mounted sonars found on surface ships. Also found on submarines but here their role as most capable organic sensor is increasingly being taken over by flank arrays. o Dipping arrays are transmit/receive arrays lowered to depth on a cable from a host platform while stopped. Typically employed by helicopters for ASW missions, although they can be deployed from other platform types. o Distributed arrays are remotely monitored, and are either fixed or tethered to the ocean bottom, or are suspended/float over a large ocean area. o Flank arrays are typically installed in panels on the sides of modern submarines as their main hull-mounted acoustic sensor since it usually offers enhanced performance over bow arrays (although still short of a towed array

system). Now common on modern submarines and available for retrofit on older boats. o Hull arrays are ship or submarine arrays other than bow or flank arrays, including fixed and retractable keel-mounted units. o Multi-array means that the system encompasses 2 or more mountings, typically involving a mix of hull and towed sensors, e.g. a towed array integrated with a flank array. o Sail arrays are mounted on the sail/fin of a submarine. o Sonobuoys are dropped from aircraft or ships and communicate to the monitoring platform via a wireless link. o Towed arrays are trailed behind the ship or submarine towing platform and are typically composed of many hundreds of meters of tow followed by an array of hydrophones. Typically passive and low frequencies, however some systems with an integrated active transmit capability are noted. o Variable Depth Sonars (VDS) are sonar arrays deployed from enclosures/towed bodies tethered to the towing platform that are capable of descending to an operator determined depth to operate “below the layer”. VDS can be deployed by a variety of platforms while under way, typical uses include low frequency active and passive systems for ASW and high frequency active systems for mine detection and from helicopters for both missions. o Towed/VDS feature an integrated combination of Towed and Variable Depth Arrays where each array has a specific function, i.e.: one active transmit array and one passive receive array. Typically the VDS towed body is used for the active portion.

Sonar Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Transducer/hydrophone – The sub-system assembly that generates and/or receives acoustic signals in the water and converts them to/from an electrical signal.  Housing – The sub-system that encloses and protects the transducer/hydrophone array from the general ocean environment. For example, for bow or hull mounted sonar arrays, the housing is generally known as the sonar dome.  Array- An arrangement of a number of transducers or hydrophones - appropriately spaced and operated in an integrated fashion - to improve source/signal strength and to provide proper directional characteristics.  Processor – The sub-system equipment and software that executes signal processing, detection and other algorithms to convert the raw signal data into useful information.  Operators Consoles and Displays – The Item’s man-machine interfaces, including hardware, software and embedded processors, if applicable.

 Handling Equipment – The sub-system (e.g. cable winches) used to deploy and recover towed devices such as VDS or wire arrays.  Mission Systems (External and Retained) –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2 and onboard computing. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).  Mission System Integration (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors and electronics. This type of integrator is most common on very complex platform programs.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personal, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections

Blended Markets – These are comprised of various portions of markets, and will also include “stand-alone” feeder markets to complete the market. In as much as the Subsytems will be included from all the core markets, there is only one set of Subsystems that will be found at the end of the Blended Market Boundary section.

Air & Missile Defense Market

Air and Missile Defense Market is a blended market that includes Missile, Radar, EO/IR, Military Communication, C2, and PGW, as well as Green Platforms (Ship, Aircraft, Vehicle, Spacecraft and UAV systems), that singularly, in combination or as part of integrated systems, are designed to defeat aircraft and missile attacks.

The Air & Missile Defense Market includes:  Sensors systems and products (radar & EO/IR) with intended primary mission of A&MD;  C3 systems and products (C2 and Comm) with intended primary mission of A&MD;  Weapon systems and products (Missile & PGW) with intended primary mission of A&MD;  Platforms (aircraft, ships, vehicles, spacecraft and unmanned systems) with intended primary mission of A&MD;  R&D, production and significant modification of A&MD Systems and products;  Significant A&MD system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Service and Support contracts for A&MD applications.

The Air & Missile Defense Market does not include:  Air-to-air missiles, rockets, and guns. These are considered to be part of the counter air mission and not strictly defensive.  Company-funded research and development for A&MD systems and products;  Government budget for overhead and program management for A&MD programs;  Sensor, weapon, platform or C3 systems occasionally used for A&MD, but without primary mission of A&MD.

Air & Missile Defense Functional Segmentations

 Air and Missile Defense C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with air and/or missile defense operations.  Air and Missile Defense (vehicle) – This category is for all self-propelled vehicles that carry sensors and weapons (guns or missiles) intended to engage and destroy enemy airborne targets of all types.  Air Search – Air Search radars can be either ship or land based. These radars are used to search large areas in the sky for airborne objects such as aircraft, cruise missiles, rockets, artillery, and precision guided weapons. Air Search Radars provide tracking information on airborne targets to Search/Track/Target or fire control radars.  Air Superiority – Aircraft whose primary design and use is to deny an adversary any access to or operational capability in, the airspace.  Air Traffic Control – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities.

 Ambulance - Are typically one variant of wheeled or tracked vehicles, of military family of vehicles converted to ambulances. They are usually armored to the same degree as other variants with a different medical mission systems package.  Amphibious – Vessels, craft, and vehicles designed for transport, delivery and sustainment of troops, vehicles and equipment over the shore into the battlefield.  Anti-Aircraft – Primarily used against aircraft targets.  Anti-Armor – Primarily used against armored and bunker targets.  Anti-Missile – Primarily used against missiles or precision-guided weapons.  Anti-Munition – Primarily used for self-defense against artillery and rocket propelled grenades.  Anti-Personnel – Primarily used against personnel.  Anti-RF – Primarily used against systems emitting RF signals.  Anti-Ship – Primarily used against sea-based targets.  Anti-Tank Vehicle – These are tracked or wheeled vehicles solely dedicated to tank destruction via ambush. They are typically used in coordination with tanks. The weapon can be an ATGM (anti-tank guided missile) or large caliber cannon.  Armored Personnel Carrier (APC) – These vehicles, generally tracked, are primarily intended to transport small numbers of troops (less than 20) under some level of armored protection. APC vehicles may have some water or river crossing capability and therefore be referred to as having an amphibious capability, but they are not intended as “ocean-going” amphibians for use in amphibious assault from ships. They are usually armed and operate in coordination with tanks providing their primary defense. Vehicles originally designed as APCs are often extensively modified for other missions, including light assault, reconnaissance, command and control. Unless we have explicit detailed information on these modified platforms we include them within the APC functional category.  ATC Mil-Radar – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities with highly developed integrator and transponder features as well as cold radar hits.  ATC-Mil C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of air traffic operations and control.  Attack Sub – Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter- killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.  Ballistic Sub – Typically designated SSBN, ballistic submarines are uniquely designed for the mission of land target strategic strike.  Battle Management C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with tactical battle operations, engagements and systems.  Bomber – A high value strike and attack aircraft typically having strategic range capabilities, crew, engine, endurance, and multiple weapon payload options.  Bridging Vehicle – These are tracked or wheeled vehicles that carry a variety of metal bridge sections. They are used by mechanized forces, both armored and unarmored. Tracked variants typically are converted from tank chassis and carry a

folding metal bridge instead of a turret. Wheeled bridging vehicles are similar in bridge technology however; the bridge load capability is typically lower.  Carrier – Ocean and sea-going vessels capable of functioning as full service airfields for aircraft designed for such operations.  Coastal/Patrol – Non-ocean, non-sea going vessels occasionally lightly armed and used for search, rescue and border enforcement.  Combat – A platform or system which is dedicated to combat operations.  Combat Support C2 – Systems primarily used for combat support – resource asset management.  Combat Support/Engineering (Vehicle) – These vehicles cover a wide variety of vehicles used for combat vehicle repair and retrieval, mine clearing, construction, medical support or any other vehicles operating in close proximity to fighting vehicles but generally unarmed, or only lightly armed for self-defense. It includes vehicles originally intended for another functional category that have been significantly modified for combat support missions.  Command Post Vehicle – These are vehicles used for command and control. They typically have no offensive weapon systems but instead have advanced radio and communication equipment for commanders and staff to exercise command and coordinate air and artillery support.  Command Ship –A ship equipped to act as a mobile, floating command center for control and co-ordination of local, regional, and/or worldwide operations.  Command/Theater C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management at the Command or Theater level of operations to optimize force management.  Communication – Space System with a primary mission of military data transmission including Voice, Video and/or Data, but not including Telecommunications.  Corvette – Small, lightly armed vessel, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft; some recent designs resemble frigates in size and role.  Counter-Battery – Systems designed to detect, track and fix the origin of ballistic ordnance (e.g., rockets, mortars and artillery shells.  Cruiser – Dreadnoughts upward of 15K tons displacement or designated as a cruiser by the builder and/or user.  Cyber Attack – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.  Cyber Support – hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.

 Decoy Launcher – a reusable tubed system used for launching expendable decoys, and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.  Decoys – Decoys are systems, devices and technology primarily used to create an alternate target(s) environment (decoy) to deflect attacking system away from their intended target.  Destroyer – Combat ships in the 5K to 15K ton displacement range and designated as a destroyer by the builder and/or user.  Early Warning – Primarily used for very long range detection and tracking of airborne or space borne objects.  ESM Receiver – A passive listening system that detects and provides the ability to analyze, record and/or automatically recognize intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated.  EW Suite (EO/IR) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  EW Suite (Radar) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the radar electro-magnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  Fire Control – Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.  Frigate – Combat and special mission vessels typically smaller than a destroyer but designated as a Frigate by the builder and user.  Ground Support – Aircraft with the primary design, loiter and range to support attacking and/or defending military ground operations.  Gun – a breech-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber and capable of firing PGWs. Includes both direct fire and indirect fire weapons  Gun/Launcher Sight – Primarily used to sight for targeting.  HLS C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of Home Land Security resources and assets.  Icebreaker – Ships with high-strength hulls and excess power capable of breaking sea ice to allow other ships to navigate regions with seasonal or permanent ice cover. May also provide logistic and scientific research support and fulfill patrol tasks in polar regions.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  Infantry Fighting Vehicles and Light Attack Vehicles – This category covers a broad span of combat vehicles, often wheeled rather than tracked. They are usually lightly armed and carry a small number of troops under arms. This category includes a broad range of vehicle sizes and weights from small “desert rat” type vehicles to 19-ton Stryker-sized vehicles and larger.

 Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  ISR C2 – Systems which by design are primarily focused on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations and management and, to a lesser extent, management of Air and Missile Defense, Battle Management, strategic, tactical or space operational resources and assets.  ISR Data Link – Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP- CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).  Jammer – Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems.  Launch – This category contains launch booster vehicles used to place space systems into orbit or beyond. Launch boosters are generally expendable and do not conduct any continuing part of the space system’s function after launch.  Launcher-Grenade – A system for launching a grenade above 57mm diameter.  Launcher-UAV – Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV MultiRole Combat (aircraft) – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Logistic Support C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of logistic support operations and control, not including infrastructure support.  Logistics/Support – Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.  Logistics Support (Vehicle) – This category includes a wide variety of vehicles not primarily intended for direct contact with the enemy. Large trucks of all types are in this category, including fire trucks for use at military airfields. The vehicles in this category are often Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) or COTS-derived. This category includes most of the HMMWV (High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle) and its variants.  Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Meteorological – Used for the monitoring of weather and atmospheric conditions.  Mine Warfare – Primarily used to lay land and sea-based mines or to neutralize them by sweeping or direct attack.  Missile Launcher – Reusable device used to launch guided missiles and guided rockets  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on

specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Mortar – a muzzle-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber capable of firing PGWs at low velocities, over short ranges, and at high trajectories.  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Combat – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several aircraft types especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.  Multi-Target – Can be used against multiple target types.  Navigation – Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.  Night Vision – Used to enable sight in low-light conditions.  Nuclear – missile system whose primary payload is a nuclear device.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.  Radar Altimeter — Single-function, active fixed-aperture aircraft system operating in the radar portion of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum, providing information on the aircraft height above ground level (AGL).  Recovery Vehicle – These can be tracked or wheeled, and are usually built on the chassis of the vehicle in the same class as they are supposed to recover. They have a variety of recovery equipment but normally have an A-Frame crane, a main towing winch and towing package. They are normally armored and built on the chassis of a main battle tank or other armored fighting vehicles.

 Salvage/Rescue – Ships equipped to provide assistance to disabled vessels and/or submarines. May feature firefighting and towing capability; provide heavy lift capability from ocean depths; and support manned and submersible diving operations.  SatComm/Bandwidth – This segment identifies commercial satellite communications bandwidth that governments lease to augment their military SATCOM systems or as an alternative to them. The commercial SATCOM payloads are not part of the MILCOM forecast, but COTS terminal procurement is in SatComm Terminals and ID/IQ contract vehicles in Network Infrastructure.  SatComm/Payload – This segment identifies Communications systems that are on board Military Communications satellites. Telecommunications as such is not a part of the Military Communications Market Database, and military satellites are covered in the Spacecraft Market. Examples of military Satellite Communications Payloads would be the satellite communications portions of MILSTAR/(AEHF) Advanced EHF, (WGS) Wideband Global System and (MUOS) Mobile User Objective System. If military communications payloads do come to be hosted on commercial satellites, they would appear here. Collocation issues now make that unlikely.  SatComm/Terminals – Satellite Communications Terminals are somewhat like Tactical Terminals in terms of supporting host platforms. SATCOM Terminals are generally hosted on platforms and ground facilities although there are manportable MILSTAR/AEHF terminals. They have modems and function as transceivers for the host’s satellite communications networks. They are the counterpart to Satellite Communications Payloads. Satellite Payloads and the Terminals are frequently referred to as SATCOM networks.  Sealift – Non-combatant vessels used for the transportation of military cargo to areas of operation. Typically commercial cargo and Roll-On/-Roll-Off ships taken up from trade and requiring secure port facilities for loading and off-loading. Also vessels that act as floating warehouses and can transfer cargo to amphibious warfare ships while at sea for onward delivery into the battlefield.  Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Self-Propelled Artillery (SPA) – These vehicles carry major weapon systems capable of engaging the enemy with indirect fires. The category includes both conventional tubed artillery and multiple-tubed rocket launchers. Towed artillery is explicitly excluded from this category.  Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.  Simulator Support – Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.  Situational Awareness Data Link – Used primarily to distribute battlefield information updates among various platforms and users. Situational awareness data links typically operate at lower frequencies and longer wavelengths with lower

throughput rates and transmit short message sets. Examples include Link 11, Link 16, JTIDS and MIDS.  Space C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with space operations and systems.  Space Frontiers – Space Systems with a primary purpose of expanding mankind’s knowledge of the extended universe.  Space Transport – Space Systems with a primary purpose of moving passengers, cargo, robots, equipment, supplies or anything else up to or within space environments.  Strategic C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with strategic operations and forces.  Strategic Comm – Special military communications programs, systems & products primarily intended for and used in Strategic Command and Control missions and operations. Equipment could be point to point or broadcast, use a variety of frequencies and may use satellite or other means of message distribution. Strategic Communication usually has high security and credential features. Strategic Communication here refers to the nature of the communications as opposed to the distance or range of communications. It typically, however, must have a long distance communications capability which may then require relay nodes, links or other special features.  Surface Search – These are ship or land based radars that scan the surface of the land or sea. In the sea application the radar searches for multiple objects such as ships, small boats, periscopes, coastal and land based objects. In the land based application the radar is searching for vehicles, personnel, and fixed land based objects. The land based radars are also frequently used for coastal maritime surveillance.  Surveillance/Reconnaissance – Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.  Survey/Oceanography – Vessels that are used to map the ocean floor and perform acoustical, biological, physical and geophysical surveys to provide data that aids our understanding of oceans and the undersea domain.  Tactical Networks – Tactical Networks represent an extension of tactical terminals that would include larger and different platforms types or ground facility nodes. Tactical Networks provide for the connection of a number of terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations. Networks can be wireless, hard-wired or a combination of both. Networks can also be Internet in nature and provide a number of subscriber services. Protocols, signals, security, assurance and software compliances across the various nodes are integral parts of Tactical Networks as well as the actual Transmission and Receiver hardware. Their operational ranges are tactical in nature.  Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network

management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Tank – This category includes heavy, medium and light tanks, and tracked “tank- killers”. These vehicles mount a high caliber turreted gun capable of engaging other tanks.  Tanker – Aircraft equipped to carry and execute in-flight re-fueling for other aircraft in order to extend their operational range and endurance.  Target – Unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Torpedo Tube – a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.  Trainer – Equipment used in military exercises and as flight trainers/simulators.  Training – Vessels used for training ships’ crew that are equipped with systems essential to provide instruction in modern seamanship, navigation and the proper and safe operation of ships’ equipment.  Transport – Aircraft primarily used to transport personnel and cargo.  Utility – A system designed to serve a variety of intermixed differing roles and which would not normally be justified by performing any one of those roles alone.  Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems.  Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Anti-Submarine Warfare Market

Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) is a blended market that includes most weapons and mission systems, and Green Platforms with an intended primary mission of anti-submarine warfare.

The Anti-Submarine Warfare Market includes:  Airborne platforms whose primary role is ASW missions;  Shipborne platforms whose primary role is ASW missions;  Development (government funded), production, and support programs;  Passive, active and/or integrated systems and sensors;  Weapons with a primary function of ASW;  Service and Support contracts for ASW applications. The Anti-Submarine Warfare Market does not include:  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Anti-Submarine Warfare Functional Segmentations

 Acoustics – Electro-mechanical devices generating acoustic frequency decoy signals.  Anti-Mine – Sonars used to detect and identify sea mines and mine-like underwater threats for the purpose of ensuring access and safe transit of naval forces. Typically high frequency active.  Anti-Mine & Navigation – Sonars used for detection of potential underwater threats, including mines and hazards, for the purpose of own vessel safe navigation. Anti-mine and Navigation systems are often in the same frequency regime and can be dual-purpose.  Anti-Ship – Primarily used against sea-based targets.  Anti-Torpedo – weapon system designed to provide a defense against incoming torpedoes. The incoming torpedo is intercepted and destroyed.  Attack Sub – Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter- killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.  Battle Management C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with tactical battle operations, engagements and systems.  Carrier – Ocean and sea-going vessels capable of functioning as full service airfields for aircraft designed for such operations.  Coastal/Patrol – Non-ocean, non-sea going vessels occasionally lightly armed and used for search, rescue and border enforcement.  Corvette – Small, lightly armed vessel, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft; some recent designs resemble frigates in size and role.

 Courseware – A program created for classroom training purposes. Most often courseware will be software-based or include software which is accessible via CD, DVD or the internet.  Decoy Launcher – a reusable tubed system used for launching expendable decoys, and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.  Decoys – Expendable or reusable devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, target, or attack friendly forces.  Destroyer – Combat ships in the 5K to 15K ton displacement range and designated as a destroyer by the builder and/or user.  Fire Control – Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.  Frigate – Combat and special mission vessels typically smaller than a destroyer but designated as a Frigate by the builder and user.  Gun/Launcher Sight – Primarily used to sight for targeting.  Jammer – Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  Instruction – Training and education services related to the use of simulators and /or training services that are conducted with the use of a simulator.  Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  Launcher-Grenade – A system for launching a grenade above 57mm diameter.  Launcher-UAV – Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV MultiRole Combat (aircraft) – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Live Training Support – Assistance with live field training exercises. Examples include: preparing the physical training environment; integrating tactical support systems; maintaining necessary conditions in the training environment, tracking and measuring training performance; and providing role players, set design and battlefield effects.  ISR Data Link – Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP- CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).  Logistics/Support – Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.

 Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Mine Warfare – Small ocean and sea capable ships that typically operate in littoral or harbor water depths environments to lay and sweep mines.  Missile Launcher – Reusable device used to launch guided missiles and guided rockets  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Multi-function – Sonars that perform more than one of the functions in this list (of similar priority).  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Combat – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several aircraft types especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.  Navigation – Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.  Nuclear – precision guided weapon system with a nuclear warhead.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.

 Port Security – Sonar systems for swimmer detection, underwater inspection and monitoring of harbors, waterways and infrastructure.  SatComm/Terminals – Satellite Communications Terminals are somewhat like Tactical Terminals in terms of supporting host platforms. SATCOM Terminals are generally hosted on platforms and ground facilities although there are manportable MILSTAR/AEHF terminals. They have modems and function as transceivers for the host’s satellite communications networks. They are the counterpart to Satellite Communications Payloads. Satellite Payloads and the Terminals are frequently referred to as SATCOM networks.  Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.  Situational Awareness – sensor system that allows the user to observe the meaningful surroundings to a level that enables him to assess threats and nature of activities “near” him. Generally the zone ranges from very near to the maximum range where meaningful threats are likely to exist. Nature of the observed zone depends on the platform and threats.  Surface Search – These are ship or land based radars that scan the surface of the land or sea. In the sea application the radar searches for multiple objects such as ships, small boats, periscopes, coastal and land based objects. In the land based application the radar is searching for vehicles, personnel, and fixed land based objects. The land based radars are also frequently used for coastal maritime surveillance.  Surveillance/Reconnaissance – Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.  Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Tactical/Attack – Sonar systems used to detect, track and engage submarines and surface ships. This category includes the majority of sonars installed on ships or submarines and includes Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) technology.  Torpedo Tube – a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.  Utility – A system designed to serve a variety of intermixed differing roles and which would not normally be justified by performing any one of those roles alone.

 Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems operating in the EO/IR electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology. Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Market

C4ISR is a blended market that includes the Command & Control and Military Communications databases and specific Radar, EO/IR, Sonar and related Green Platforms whose primary missions include intelligence gathering, surveillance and reconnaissance. It also includes non-platform, non-sensor programs, electronic systems, and other activities supporting the collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence.

The C4ISR Market includes in addition to the Command & Control and Military Communications databases:  System integration of complex ISR systems;  Embedded computing capability for sensors;  Airborne, Ship, Satellite and Ground-based platforms whose primary missions include ISR;  Electronic systems assisting collection management, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence information;  System integration of complex intelligence support systems;  Human support activities involved in the collection, exploitation, and analysis of intelligence information;  Commercial collection of information of potential intelligence value, such as commercial satellite imagery and open source material;  Intelligence related training.

The C4ISR Market does not include:  Radar or EO/IR systems that are primarily used for non-passive EW and Fire Control missions;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

C4ISR Functional Segmentation

 Acoustics – Electro-mechanical devices generating acoustic frequency decoy signals.  Air and Missile Defense (Vehicle) – This category is for all self-propelled vehicles that carry sensors and weapons (guns or missiles) intended to engage and destroy enemy airborne targets of all types.  Air and Missile Defense C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with air and/or missile defense operations.  Air Search – Air Search radars can be either ship or land based. These radars are used to search large areas in the sky for airborne objects such as aircraft, cruise missiles, rockets, artillery, and precision guided weapons. Air Search Radars provide tracking information on airborne targets to Search/Track/Target or fire control radars.  Air Superiority – Aircraft whose primary design and use is to deny an adversary any access to or operational capability in, the airspace.  Air Traffic Control – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities.  Amphibious – Vessels, craft, and vehicles designed for transport, delivery and sustainment of troops, vehicles and equipment over the shore into the battlefield.  Anti-Aircraft – Primarily used against aircraft targets.  Anti-Armor – Primarily used against armored and bunker targets.  Anti-Mine – Sonars used to detect and identify sea mines and mine-like underwater threats for the purpose of ensuring access and safe transit of naval forces. Typically high frequency active.  Anti-Mine & Navigation – Sonars used for detection of potential underwater threats, including mines and hazards, for the purpose of own vessel safe navigation. Anti-mine and Navigation systems are often in the same frequency regime and can be dual-purpose.

 Anti-Missile – Primarily used against missiles or precision-guided weapons.  Anti-Munition – Primarily used for self-defense against artillery and rocket propelled grenades.  Anti-Personnel – Primarily used against personnel.  Anti-RF – Primarily used against systems emitting RF signals.  Anti-Ship – Primarily used against sea-based targets.  Armored Personnel Carrier (APC) – These vehicles, generally tracked, are primarily intended to transport small numbers of troops (less than 20) under some level of armored protection. APC vehicles may have some water or river crossing capability and therefore be referred to as having an amphibious capability, but they are not intended as “ocean-going” amphibians for use in amphibious assault from ships. They are usually armed and operate in coordination with tanks providing their

primary defense. Vehicles originally designed as APCs are often extensively modified for other missions, including light assault, reconnaissance, command and control. Unless we have explicit detailed information on these modified platforms we include them within the APC functional category.  ATC Mil-Radar – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities with highly developed integrator and transponder features as well as cold radar hits.  ATC-Mil C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of air traffic operations and control.  Attack Sub – Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter- killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.  Ballistic Sub – Typically designated SSBN, ballistic submarines are uniquely designed for the mission of land target strategic strike.  Battle Management C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with tactical battle operations, engagements and systems.  Bomber – A high value strike and attack aircraft typically having strategic range capabilities, crew, engine, endurance, and multiple weapon payload options.  Business Jets (Pax) – A jet business class aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Business jets can have various ranges and seating capacities, but are typically smaller than regional class aircraft.  Business TP (Pax) – A Turbo prop business class aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Business turbo props can have various ranges and seating capacities, but are typically smaller than regional class aircraft.  Cargo/Vehicle Screening (Cargo/Veh Screen) – Systems or services primarily used for the non- intrusive inspection of bulk cargo shipments and/or vehicles for presence of dangerous or contraband material. May include specific subsystems providing biological, chemical, explosive, radiological, or nuclear detection.  Carrier – Ocean and sea-going vessels capable of functioning as full service airfields for aircraft designed for such operations.  Coastal/Patrol – Non-ocean, non-sea going vessels occasionally lightly armed and used for search, rescue and border enforcement.  Collection – Activities which support the intelligence collection process, for example collection management. This also includes programs which actually collect information of potential intelligence value, such as commercial satellite imagery and open source material.  Combat Support C2 – Systems primarily used for combat support – resource asset management.  Combat Support/Engineering (Vehicle) – These vehicles cover a wide variety of vehicles used for combat vehicle repair and retrieval, mine clearing, construction,

medical support or any other vehicles operating in close proximity to fighting vehicles but generally unarmed, or only lightly armed for self-defense. It includes vehicles originally intended for another functional category that have been significantly modified for combat support missions.  Command Post Vehicle – These are vehicles used for command and control. They typically have no offensive weapon systems but instead have advanced radio and communication equipment for commanders and staff to exercise command and coordinate air and artillery support.  Command Ship –A ship equipped to act as a mobile, floating command center for control and co-ordination of local, regional, and/or worldwide operations.

 Command/Theater C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management at the Command or Theater level of operations to optimize force management.  Communication - Systems that are designed specifically to provide communication through various media such as voice, data, and CW (Continuous Wave coded transmissions).  Corvette – Small, lightly armed vessel, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft; some recent designs resemble frigates in size and role.  Counter-Battery – Systems designed to detect, track and fix the origin of ballistic ordnance (e.g., rockets, mortars and artillery shells.  Counterterrorism/Law Enforcement (CT/Law Enforcem’t) – Systems, equipment, or services used to prevent, deter, preempt or respond to terrorism, or which have related law enforcement functions.  Cruiser – Dreadnoughts upward of 15K tons displacement or designated as a cruiser by the builder and/or user.  Cyber Attack – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.  Cyber Support – hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.  DB Dev. (Intel) – Development of databases intended to assist directly or indirectly intelligence exploitation and analysis as well as collection management.  Decoys – Decoys are systems, devices and technology primarily used to create an alternate target(s) environment (decoy) to deflect attacking system away from their intended target.  Destroyer – Combat ships in the 5K to 15K ton displacement range and designated as a destroyer by the builder and/or user.  Dissemination – Equipment and activities predominantly involved in the dissemination of intelligence.

 Early Warning – Primarily used for very long range detection and tracking of airborne or space borne objects.  ESM Receiver – A passive listening system that detects and provides the ability to analyze, record and/or automatically recognize intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated.  EW Suite (EO/IR) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  EW Suite (Radar) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the radar electro-magnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  Exploitation/Analysis – Both equipment and human activities that provide for the processing, exploitation and analysis of collected intelligence. This includes data extraction, trend analysis, information fusion and forecasting.  Fire Control – Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.  Frigate – Combat and special mission vessels typically smaller than a destroyer but designated as a Frigate by the builder and user.  Ground Support – Aircraft with the primary design, loiter and range to support attacking and/or defending military ground operations.  Ground Surveillance – Land-based radar primarily intended to detect and track ground targets (including humans). Typical uses include force protection, homeland security, border surveillance, or industrial security applications. Capabilities could also include perimeter protection around sensitive areas and/or intrusion alerting.

 Gun/Launcher Sight – Primarily used to sight for targeting.  HLS C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of Home Land Security resources and assets.  HLS Communications (HLS Comms) – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used for information exchange between HLS system operators and others operating in the environment being controlled by an HLS system.  HLS Intelligence & Information Sharing (HSL Int & Inf Share) – Equipment, systems, or services used to gather HLS-related intelligence and to share that intelligence within the HLS community.  HLS Networks – Wireless and hardwired connection of COTS terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations for Homeland Security missions.  HLS Services/Support (HLS Service/Sup) – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support of HLS systems or HLS systems operators.

 HLS Surveillance & Reconnaissance (HLS Surv & Recon) – Systems or services whose primary mission is to watch and observe known events, places, or conditions of primary interest to HLS organizations (surveillance); or to reconnoiter for suspected events of primary interest to HLS organizations.  ID Verification – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used to establish, document, and verify the identity of humans. Included biometrics collection and credentialing.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  Infantry Fighting Vehicles and Light Attack Vehicles – This category covers a broad span of combat vehicles, often wheeled rather than tracked. They are usually lightly armed and carry a small number of troops under arms. This category includes a broad range of vehicle sizes and weights from small “desert rat” type vehicles to 19-ton Stryker-sized vehicles and larger.  Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  ISR C2 – Systems which by design are primarily focused on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations and management and, to a lesser extent, management of Air and Missile Defense, Battle Management, strategic, tactical or space operational resources and assets.  ISR Data Link – Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP- CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).  Jammer – Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems.  Launch – This category contains launch booster vehicles used to place space systems into orbit or beyond. Launch boosters are generally expendable and do not conduct any continuing part of the space system’s function after launch.  Launcher-Grenade – A system for launching a grenade above 57mm diameter.  Launcher-UAV – Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV MultiRole Combat (aircraft) – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Logistic Support C2 – Systems primarily used for the management of logistic support operations and control, not including infrastructure support.  Logistics Support (Vehicle) – This category includes a wide variety of vehicles not primarily intended for direct contact with the enemy. Large trucks of all types are in this category, including fire trucks for use at military airfields. The vehicles in this category are often Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) or COTS-derived. This category includes most of the HMMWV (High Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle) and its variants.

 Logistics/Support – Naval auxiliary ships which have the capability to support the fleet with liquids, solid stores, and spares while underway and/or alongside.

 Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Meteorological – Used for the monitoring of weather and atmospheric conditions.  Mine Warfare – Primarily used to lay land and sea-based mines or to neutralize them by sweeping or direct attack.  Missile Launcher – Reusable device used to launch guided missiles and guided rockets  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Multi-function – Systems that perform more than one of the functions in this list (of similar priority).  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Combat – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several aircraft types especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.  Multi-Target – Can be used against multiple target types.  NarrowBody (Cargo) – Narrow body Aircraft configured for cargo service such as pallets, bins, racks and such. Internal configuration is unsuitable for passenger service.  NarrowBody (Pax) – Narrow body Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. NarrowBody passenger aircraft are usually long range type aircraft.  Navigation – Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.

 NBC Nuclear-Biological-Chemical – This category includes vehicles intended for Nuclear, Biological, Chemical and High-Yield Explosives related missions. These may include monitoring, cleanup or similar non-Reconnaissance missions that have a payload of NBC-specific equipment that represents a significant portion of the entire platform. The vehicles are typically significantly modified variants within a family of vehicles, but can also be stand-alone vehicles.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.  Night Vision – Used to enable sight in low-light conditions.  Nuclear/Biological/Chemical Detection (NBC Detection) - Equipment, systems, or services primarily used for detection of nuclear/radiological or biological or chemical threat mechanisms.  Nuclear/Biological/Chemical Response (NBC Response) - Equipment, systems, or services primarily used to respond to nuclear/radiological or biological or chemical threat mechanisms.  Passenger/Baggage Screening (Pass/Bag Screen) – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used for the non-intrusive inspection of people or baggage for the presence of dangerous or contraband material and/or to determine if people are prohibited from passage. May include specific subsystems providing biological, chemical, explosive, radiological, or nuclear detection.  Perimeter Security – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used to prevent prohibited access to areas of interest to HLS-related organizations.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.  Port Security - Swimmer detection and other military-unique underwater security devices.  Private – Private aircraft refers to the thousands of aircraft and hundreds of models owned by private parties for personal use, be it enjoyment or business. Seating capacity ranges from one to eight and flight ranges are typically less than 1000 miles.  Radar Altimeter — Single-function, active fixed-aperture aircraft system operating in the radar portion of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum, providing information on the aircraft height above ground level (AGL).  Regional (Cargo) – Mid-range jet and/or turbo prop aircraft configured for cargo service such as pallets, bins, racks and such. Internal configuration is unsuitable for passenger service.

 Regional Jets (PAX) – Regional aircraft configured for passenger service to include seating, lavatories, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Regional Jets are usually short to mid-range, under 100 seat type aircraft.  Regional TP (Pax) – Turbo-prop Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. Usually mid-range type aircraft.  SatComm/Bandwidth – This segment identifies commercial satellite communications bandwidth that governments lease to augment their military SATCOM systems or as an alternative to them. The commercial SATCOM payloads are not part of the MILCOM forecast, but COTS terminal procurement is in SatComm Terminals and ID/IQ contract vehicles in Network Infrastructure.  SatComm/Payload – This segment identifies Communications systems that are on board Military Communications satellites. Telecommunications as such is not a part of the Military Communications Market Database, and military satellites are covered in the Spacecraft Market. Examples of military Satellite Communications Payloads would be the satellite communications portions of MILSTAR/(AEHF) Advanced EHF, (WGS) Wideband Global System and (MUOS) Mobile User Objective System. If military communications payloads do come to be hosted on commercial satellites, they would appear here. Collocation issues now make that unlikely.  SatComm/Terminals – Satellite Communications Terminals are somewhat like Tactical Terminals in terms of supporting host platforms. SATCOM Terminals are generally hosted on platforms and ground facilities although there are manportable MILSTAR/AEHF terminals. They have modems and function as transceivers for the host’s satellite communications networks. They are the counterpart to Satellite Communications Payloads. Satellite Payloads and the Terminals are frequently referred to as SATCOM networks.  Sealift – Non-combatant vessels used for the transportation of military cargo to areas of operation. Typically commercial cargo and Roll-On/-Roll-Off ships taken up from trade and requiring secure port facilities for loading and off-loading. Also vessels that act as floating warehouses and can transfer cargo to amphibious warfare ships while at sea for onward delivery into the battlefield.

 Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Self-Propelled Artillery (SPA) – These vehicles carry major weapon systems capable of engaging the enemy with indirect fires. The category includes both conventional tubed artillery and multiple-tubed rocket launchers. Towed artillery is explicitly excluded from this category.  Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.  Situational Awareness – sensor system that allows the user to observe the meaningful surroundings to a level that enables him to assess threats and nature of activities “near” him. Generally the zone ranges from very near to the maximum

range where meaningful threats are likely to exist. Nature of the observed zone depends on the platform and threats.  Situational Awareness Data Link – Used primarily to distribute battlefield information updates among various platforms and users. Situational awareness data links typically operate at lower frequencies and longer wavelengths with lower throughput rates and transmit short message sets. Examples include Link 11, Link 16, JTIDS and MIDS.  Software (Intel) – Software designed or utilized to assist the intelligence process, whether for tasking, collection management, exploitation, analysis, or dissemination.  Space C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with space operations and systems.  Space Frontiers – Space Systems with a primary purpose of expanding mankind’s knowledge of the extended universe.  Space Transport – Space Systems with a primary purpose of moving passengers, cargo, robots, equipment, supplies or anything else up to or within space environments.  Strategic C2 – Systems primarily used for resource asset management associated with strategic operations and forces.  Strategic Comm – Special military communications programs, systems & products primarily intended for and used in Strategic Command and Control missions and operations. Equipment could be point to point or broadcast, use a variety of frequencies and may use satellite or other means of message distribution. Strategic Communication usually has high security and credential features. Strategic Communication here refers to the nature of the communications as opposed to the distance or range of communications. It typically, however, must have a long distance communications capability which may then require relay nodes, links or other special features.  Supply Chain Security (S’ply Chain Security) – Equipment, systems or services whose primary purpose to enhance the security of cargo as it flows from its point of origination to its destination. Note that the cargo inspection and worker identification components of supply chain security are included in the “Cargo & Vehicle Screening” and the “ID Verification” functional segments respectively.  Surface Search – These are ship or land based radars that scan the surface of the land or sea. In the sea application the radar searches for multiple objects such as ships, small boats, periscopes, coastal and land based objects. In the land based application the radar is searching for vehicles, personnel, and fixed land based objects. The land based radars are also frequently used for coastal maritime surveillance.  Surveillance/Reconnaissance – Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.  Survey/Oceanography – Vessels that are used to map the ocean floor and perform acoustical, biological, physical and geophysical surveys to provide data that aids our understanding of oceans and the undersea domain.  Systems Management (Sys Management) – Programs primarily providing major HLS systems integration and program management.

 Tactical Networks – Tactical Networks represent an extension of tactical terminals that would include larger and different platforms types or ground facility nodes. Tactical Networks provide for the connection of a number of terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations. Networks can be wireless, hard-wired or a combination of both. Networks can also be Internet in nature and provide a number of subscriber services. Protocols, signals, security, assurance and software compliances across the various nodes are integral parts of Tactical Networks as well as the actual Transmission and Receiver hardware. Their operational ranges are tactical in nature.  Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Tactical/Attack – Sonar systems used to detect, track and engage submarines and surface ships. This category includes the majority of sonars installed on ships or submarines and includes Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) technology.

 Tank – This category includes heavy, medium and light tanks, and tracked “tank- killers”. These vehicles mount a high caliber turreted gun capable of engaging other tanks.  Tanker – Aircraft equipped to carry and execute in-flight re-fueling for other aircraft in order to extend their operational range and endurance.  Target - Unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Torpedo Tube – a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.  Trainer – Equipment used in military exercises and as flight trainers/simulators.  Translation Svc – Translation and interpreter services which can assist in the intelligence collection or exploitation & analysis effort.  Transport – Aircraft primarily used to transport personnel and cargo.  Utility – This category is typically used for helicopters. It includes flights for inspections, observation, emergency and industrial purposes.  VTS/Coastal Surv Radar – Land-based radar used for Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and/or for coastal/off-shore surveillance.

 Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems.

 Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.

 WideBody (Cargo) – Wide body Aircraft configured for cargo service; pallets, bins, racks and such, unsuitable for passenger service. WideBody (Cargo) aircraft are usually long-range type aircraft.  WideBody (Pax) – Wide body Aircraft configured for passenger service to include, seating, lavatories, entertainment systems, pressurized cabins, oxygen, health monitoring systems and other such systems for passenger safety and comfort. WideBody passenger aircraft are usually long-range type aircraft.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Electronic Warfare Market

Electronic Warfare (EW) is a blended market that includes Radar, EO/IR, Electro-Mechanical, Communications and Green Platforms with an intended primary mission of electronic attack or countermeasure.

The Electronic Warfare Market includes:  Military ground, sea, and air based EW systems;  Military related EW systems used or modified for commercial air carriers;  Expendable rockets and vehicles used for concealment and self-protection;  Airborne platforms whose primary role is EW missions;  Development (government funded), production, and support programs;  Passive, active and/or integrated systems;  Service and Support contracts for EW applications.

The Electronic Warfare Market does not include:  Classified programs;  Central computers that support multiple avionics systems (like on the F-22);  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;

 Sensors, platforms or Comm systems occasionally used for EW, but without primary mission of EW.

Electro-Mechanical

Electro-Mechanical (EM) market is a feeder market that includes military devices that carry and eject expendable cartridges, rockets or vehicles that either provide concealment and/or act as decoys in order to protect the launching aircraft, ship or armored vehicle.

The EM market includes: • Military chaff, flare, and decoy launchers for air, sea, and land combat applications. These systems are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces. • Development (government funded), production, and support programs; • Upgrade programs for EM systems. • Service and support contracts for EM systems. The EM Market does not include:  Expendable military chaff and flare cartridges that either conceal the launch platform or decoy the threat.  Chaff or flare cartridge ground handling equipment or ground storage facilities.  Threat detection sensors  Decoy devices  Platform threat management computers that make EM launch decisions.  Components related to bomb, rocket, torpedo, or missile launchers such as rails, racks, tubes, or canisters.  Aircraft bomb or missile launcher rails and racks.  Launch systems used for offensive operations.  Company-funded research and development; Government budget for overhead and program management

Electronic Warfare and Electro-Mechanical Functional Segmentations

 Acoustics – Electro-mechanical devices generating acoustic frequency decoy signals.  Courseware – A program created for classroom training purposes. Most often courseware will be software-based or include software which is accessible via CD, DVD or the internet.  Cyber Attack – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber

Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.  Cyber Support – hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.  Decoy Launcher – a reusable tubed system used for launching expendable decoys, and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.  Decoys – Electronic warfare systems and devices with the primary purpose of acting as a decoy to deflect attacking systems operating in various regions of the electromagnetic frequency spectrum.  ESM Receiver – A passive listening system that detects and provides the ability to analyze, record and/or automatically recognize intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated.  EW Suite (EO/IR) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  EW Suite (Radar) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the radar electro-magnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  Fire Control – Primarily used to direct selected weapon(s) to their designated target.  Gun/Launcher Sight – Primarily used to sight for targeting.  IFF/Identification – Active or passive non-radar systems and devices employing communications methods for interrogation, responding and identification.  Instruction – Training and education services related to the use of simulators and /or training services that are conducted with the use of a simulator.  Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  Jammer – Primarily active countermeasure systems that operate to defeat attacking systems operating in any one of several regions of the electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Launcher-UAV – Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV MultiRole Combat (aircraft) – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Launcher-Grenade – A system for launching a grenade above 57mm diameter.  Live Training Support – Assistance with live field training exercises. Examples include: preparing the physical training environment; integrating tactical support systems; maintaining necessary conditions in the training environment, tracking and

measuring training performance; and providing role players, set design and battlefield effects.  Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Combat – Aircraft designed for multi-role military combat missions and for use when the mission or aircraft function is largely decided upon by the sortie weapon payload(s).  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several vehicles (Land, Sea, Air, Space) especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.  Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.

 Sim/Training/Test – multi-role radio frequency (RF) and Electronic Warfare (EW) simulation devices used to generate a range of RF signatures for use in training and testing environments.  Simulator Support – Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.  Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Target – Unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems operating in any one of several regions of the electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology. Electro-Mechanical Attributes

 Utility is an attribute describing dispensers, launchers, and cartridges. o Reusable - A dispenser or launcher that may be reloaded and used again. o Expendable - A dispenser, launcher, or cartridge is consumed or rendered unusable following it initial operation.

Electro-Mechanical Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Primary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the primary firing/launching device supplier.

 Secondary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the secondary firing/launching device supplier.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.

Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) Market

ISR is a blended market that includes the specific Radar, EO/IR, Sonar and related Green Platforms that are primarily used for the missions of intelligence gathering, surveillance and reconnaissance. It also includes non-platform, non-sensor programs, electronic systems, and other activities supporting the collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence.

The ISR Market includes:  System integration of complex ISR systems (e.g. MP-RTIP radars and STSS payloads);  Embedded computing capability for sensors;  Airborne, Ship, Satellite and Ground-based platforms whose primary missions include ISR;  Electronic systems assisting collection management, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence information;  Human support activities involved in the collection, exploitation, and analysis of intelligence information;  Commercial collection of information of potential intelligence value, such as commercial satellite imagery and open source material;

 Embedded computing capability supporting intelligence activities, such as data extraction and trend analysis;  Intelligence related training;  System integration of complex intelligence support systems.

The ISR Market does not include:  Radar or EO/IR systems that are primarily used for EW and Fire Control missions;  Information not available in open literature;  Acoustic systems (at this time);  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Intelligence Market

Intelligence is a feeder market that includes non-platform, non-sensor programs, electronic systems, and other activities supporting the collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence. Intelligence feeds to the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) and the C4ISR blended markets.

The Intelligence Market includes:  Electronic systems assisting collection management, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination of intelligence information;  Embedded computing capability supporting intelligence activities, such as data extraction and trend analysis;  Human support activities involved in the collection, exploitation, and analysis of intelligence information;  Commercial collection of information of potential intelligence value, such as commercial satellite imagery and open source material;  Intelligence related training;  System integration of complex intelligence support systems.

The Intelligence Market does not include:  Surveillance and Reconnaissance collection sensors or platforms;  Classified intelligence programs and activities;  Company funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

ISR Functional Segmentation

 Air Search – Air Search radars can be either ship or land based. These radars are used to search large areas in the sky for airborne objects such as aircraft, cruise missiles, rockets, artillery, and precision guided weapons. Air Search Radars provide tracking information on airborne targets to Search/Track/Target or fire control radars.  Air Traffic Control – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities.  Attack Sub – Typically designated SSN, attack submarines are primarily hunter- killer oriented. Modern attack submarines can attack land targets as well as sea targets.  ATC Mil-Radar – Designed for en route and/or terminal air traffic management and control activities with highly developed integrator and transponder features as well as cold radar hits.  Collection – Activities which support the intelligence collection process, for example collection management. This also includes programs which actually collect information of potential intelligence value, such as commercial satellite imagery and open source material.  Communications - Systems that are designed specifically to provide communication through various media such as voice, data, and CW (Continuous Wave coded transmissions).  Counter-Battery – Systems designed to detect, track and fix the origin of ballistic ordnance (e.g., rockets, mortars and artillery shells.  Courseware – A program created for classroom training purposes. Most often courseware will be software-based or include software which is accessible via CD, DVD or the internet.  Cyber Attack – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.  Cyber Support – hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.  DB Dev. (Intel) – Development of databases intended to assist directly or indirectly intelligence exploitation and analysis as well as collection management.  Dissemination – Equipment and activities predominantly involved in the dissemination of intelligence.  Early Warning – Primarily used for very long range detection and tracking of airborne or space borne objects.

 ESM Receiver – A passive listening system that detects and provides the ability to analyze, record and/or automatically recognize intercepted signals. Electronic Support Measure (ESM) receivers can range from the relatively simple to the highly sophisticated..  EW Suite (EO/IR) – Used to identify electronic warfare countermeasures systems operating in the EO/IR electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  EW Suite (Radar) – Used to identify electronic warfare systems operating in the radar electromagnetic frequency spectrum and employing more than one protective or attacking feature.  Exploitation/Analysis – Both equipment and human activities that provide for the processing, exploitation and analysis of collected intelligence. This includes data extraction, trend analysis, information fusion and forecasting.  Ground Support – Aircraft with the primary design, loiter and range to support attacking and/or defending military ground operations.  Ground Surveillance – Land-based radar primarily intended to detect and track ground targets (including humans). Typical uses include force protection, homeland security, border surveillance, or industrial security applications. Capabilities could also include perimeter protection around sensitive areas and/or intrusion alerting.  HLS Intelligence & Information Sharing (HSL Int & Inf Share) – Equipment, systems, or services used to gather HLS-related intelligence and to share that intelligence within the HLS community.  HLS Networks – Wireless and hardwired connection of COTS terminals, radios, sensors, and/or command & control systems so that voice, video or data can be quickly and easily transmitted and/or received by a number of users at different locations for Homeland Security missions.  HLS Surveillance & Reconnaissance (HLS Surv & Recon) – Systems or services whose primary mission is to watch and observe known events, places, or conditions of primary interest to HLS organizations (surveillance); or to reconnoiter for suspected events of primary interest to HLS organizations.  Instruction – Training and education services related to the use of simulators and /or training services that are conducted with the use of a simulator.  Intel/Surveillance – Ships equipped to collect information on adversary operations and technology by means of passive interception and analysis of communications and other electronic signals, and/or collection of acoustic intelligence in the undersea domain. May include electronic countermeasures/jamming capability.  ISR C2 – Systems which by design are primarily focused on intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations and management and, to a lesser extent, management of Air and Missile Defense, Battle Management, strategic, tactical or space operational resources and assets.  ISR Data Link – Used to rapidly transmit a large amount of data and/or video from ISR collection platforms and use higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths to achieve the high data rates required. Examples include the Common Data Link (CDL), Tactical Common Data Link (TCDL), Multi-Platform Common Data Link (MP- CDL) and the Common Data Link-Navy (CDL-N).

 Launcher-UAV – Air, land, sea device to hold and launch a UAV.  Live Training Support – Assistance with live field training exercises. Examples include: preparing the physical training environment; integrating tactical support systems; maintaining necessary conditions in the training environment, tracking and measuring training performance; and providing role players, set design and battlefield effects.  Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Meteorological – Used for the monitoring of weather and atmospheric conditions.  Mine Warfare – Those platforms with the capability to detect and/or clear mines.  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Multi-function – Systems that perform more than one of the functions in this list (of similar priority).  Multiple RF Functions – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one RF electronics functional segmentation category, for example, F-35 ICNI where several communications and avionics functions reside in one set of host processors.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Electronic – Any one of several vehicles (Land, Sea, Air, Space) especially designed and operating with various C2 and/or ISR payloads, characterized by low quantity, high value, and combat adverse features.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.  Navigation – Primarily used for map-of-the-earth flight control, obstacle avoidance and other point-to-point navigation requirements using selected grid coordinate system.  NBC Nuclear-Biological-Chemical – This category includes vehicles intended for Nuclear, Biological, Chemical and High-Yield Explosives related missions. These may include monitoring, cleanup or similar non-Reconnaissance missions that have a payload of NBC-specific equipment that represents a significant portion of the entire platform. The vehicles are typically significantly modified variants within a family of vehicles, but can also be stand-alone vehicles.  Network Infrastructure – Computers, data storage, displays, wired and wireless links, cell-phones and other handheld devices, software applications, encryption and information assurance that provide fixed infrastructure to C2ISR facilities and databases in the home country and within forward operating bases linked by commercial SATCOM and fiber optic cables. This infrastructure is non-tactical in nature. COTS IT serves this segment and encrypted civilian networks provide the links; the encryption at the device level is often the exception to COTS.

 Perimeter Security – Equipment, systems, or services primarily used to prevent prohibited access to areas of interest to HLS-related organizations.  Platform Intercom Systems – Networks internal to the platform that connect devices and their operators inside the platform with each other and with an external network through a network node which is an external communications device.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.  Port Security - Swimmer detection and other military-unique underwater security devices.  Search/Track/Target – Primarily used to specifically sort out object(s) of interest and to determine their geospatial parameters.  Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support of military communication systems, military communication systems operators or military communication procurement offices.  Simulator Support – Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.  Situational Awareness – sensor system that allows the user to observe the meaningful surroundings to a level that enables him to assess threats and nature of activities “near” him. Generally the zone ranges from very near to the maximum range where meaningful threats are likely to exist. Nature of the observed zone depends on the platform and threats.  Software (Intel) – Software designed or utilized to assist the intelligence process, whether for tasking, collection management, exploitation, analysis, or dissemination.  Space Frontiers – Space Systems with a primary purpose of expanding mankind’s knowledge of the extended universe.  Surface Search – These are ship or land based radars that scan the surface of the land or sea. In the sea application the radar searches for multiple objects such as ships, small boats, periscopes, coastal and land based objects. In the land based application the radar is searching for vehicles, personnel, and fixed land based objects. The land based radars are also frequently used for coastal maritime surveillance.  Surveillance/ Reconnaissance – Primarily used to observe, reconnoiter and possibly identify specific objects within areas of interest.  Survey/Oceanography – Vessels that are used to map the ocean floor and perform acoustical, biological, physical and geophysical surveys to provide data that aids our understanding of oceans and the undersea domain.  Tactical/Attack – Sonar systems used to detect, track and engage submarines and surface ships. This category includes the majority of sonars installed on ships or submarines and includes Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) technology.

 Tactical Radios and Terminals– Tactical Radios used to cover the majority of two way tactical communications systems, products and devices intended solely for voice communications. The current generations of these radios now have internal modems and are fully compatible with digital data communications. Even the older versions function as terminals in conjunction with external modems and network management. Tactical Terminals are communication systems, products and devices that can be handheld, hosted by specific platforms or in ground facilities, which then, in turn, have some internal communications distribution system for voice, video and/or data streamed in on tactical terminals.  Target – Unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Translation Svc – Translation and interpreter services which can assist in the intelligence collection or exploitation & analysis effort.  Utility – A system designed to serve a variety of intermixed differing roles and which would not normally be justified by performing any one of those roles alone.  VTS/Coastal Surv Radar – Land-based radar used for Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and/or for coastal/off-shore surveillance.  Warning Receiver – Primarily passive countermeasures systems that provide warning signals related to attacking systems operating in the EO/IR electro-magnetic frequency spectrum.  Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.  Multiple – This category includes any instance when the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Intelligence Attributes

 Intelligence Type is an attribute field with nine unique selections. o COMINT or Communications Intelligence - intelligence derived from information gathered by communications intercept. o ELINT or Electronic Intelligence - technical and intelligence information derived from foreign non-communications electromagnetic radiation's emanating from other than nuclear detonations or radioactive sources. o HUMINT or Human Intelligence - intelligence derived from information collected and provided by human sources, interpersonal contact.

o IMINT or Imagery Intelligence - intelligence derived from imagery collected via satellite and aerial photography. IMINT includes representations of objects reproduced electronically or by optical means on film, electronic display devices, or other media. Imagery can be derived from visual photography, radar sensors, infrared sensors, lasers, and electro-optics. IMINT currently includes GEOINT or Geospatial Intelligence, the merging of imagery, maps, charts, and environmental data. o Info Ops or Information Operations – not strictly an intelligence discipline, but currently within the Intelligence database, it includes integrated employment of the core capabilities of electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological operations, military deception, and operations security, in concert with supporting and related capabilities, to influence, disrupt, corrupt or usurp adversarial human and automated decision making while protecting own force. o MASINT or Measurement And Signatures Intelligence - intelligence derived from a range of disciplines that exploit fundamental physical properties of objects of interest. MASINT includes: Radar Intelligence (RADINT); Acoustic Intelligence (ACINT); Nuclear Intelligence (NUCINT); Radio Frequency/Electromagnetic Pulse Intelligence (RF/EMPINT); Electro- optical Intelligence (ELECTRO-OPTINT); Laser Intelligence (LASINT); Materials Intelligence; Unintentional Radiation Intelligence (RINT); Chemical and Biological Intelligence (CBINT); Directed Energy Weapons Intelligence (DEWINT); Effluent/Debris Collection; Spectroscopic Intelligence; and Infrared Intelligence (IRINT). o Multi-INT - a combination of two or more intelligence disciplines, either relating to a system, capability or support. In this context, includes various broad ranging intelligence support and collection as well as fusion or the merging of intelligence data from myriad sources. o OSINT or Open Source Intelligence - intelligence derived from information collected from overt, publicly available sources such as media, public data, amateur photography and reporting, professional and academic conferences and papers. o SIGINT or Signals Intelligence - the broad discipline of intelligence derived by intercept of signals, whether by radio intercept or other means. Three major sub-disciplines of SIGINT are: Communications Intelligence (COMINT), Electronic Intelligence (ELINT), and Foreign Instrumentation Signals Intelligence (FISINT).

 Intelligence Activity is an attribute field with thirteen unique selections. o Advisory Services – advising organizations on intelligence activities, processes, resources, and infrastructure o Analysis Support – support to intelligence analysis, with machine or human resources o Collection – collection of any type of intelligence o Counter Intel – activities to protect against adversarial intelligence operations

o Data Management – management of intelligence data, typically but not limited to machine resources o Imagery – provision of imagery in any format, from any source o Imagery Mgmnt – management of imagery and imagery sources o Intel Mgmnt – management of intelligence resources, infrastructure o Intel Systems – technology systems supporting intelligence requirements, collection, fusion, analysis/exploitation, and dissemination o IT Support – Information Technology support to intelligence systems, activities o Linguist – linguist and translation activities o Software – intelligence related software o Training – intelligence related training

Intel Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Imagery Supplier - The portion of the program related to commercial imagery used for intelligence analysis, including satellite and aerial.  Operator Consoles and Displays – The man-machine interfaces, including hardware, software and embedded processors, if applicable.  Mission System I/O Devices – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item’s System/Service Supplier.  Lead Mission Software – The Item’s operational “software” installed on the main or central computer and/or processor.  Mission Software 1-3 – Advanced Intel systems are relying more and more on complex software packages (vs. fixed analog design) to encode, decode, adjust wavelengths and frequencies, build information packages and conduct content modulation in order to maximize device utilization across many applications. It is not unusual for some systems to have one or more mission software applications designed for special use by several different contractors. The database allows for up to three contractors who might design, build and install Mission System Software packages.  Information Assurance Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the intelligence system “Item” for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with credentialing.  Information Security Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the intelligence system for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with received signals and/or signal content.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).

Launchers Market

Launchers is a blended market that includes reusable systems used to launch missiles, precision guided weapons, and decoys/evasion devices. Records are drawn from the Missiles, PGW, and Electro Magnetic markets.

The Launchers Market includes:  Naval and airborne guns over 57 mm caliber  Land based guns over 57 mm caliber. For towed guns this entails the complete gun platform, not including towing vehicle. For vehicle mounted guns (SPH and Tanks) this entails only the armament, consisting of gun cradle, barrel, muzzle brake and breach. The platform and associated systems are not included in the market.  Towed and self propelled mortars over 57 mm caliber. For self propelled mortars this entails only the armament, comprising tube, base and fire control system.  Reusable land based static, towed, and self-propelled missile launchers  Reusable ship based missile launchers and missile tubes  Torpedo tubes

 Reusable launchers used for expendable decoys and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.

The Launchers Market does not include:  Guns 57 mm caliber and below  Expendable launchers that are part of All Up Rounds  Aircraft bomb or missile launcher rails and racks  Launcher related R&D  Related services Government budget for overhead and program management

Launchers Functional Segmentations  Anti-Torpedo – weapon system designed to provide a defense against incoming torpedoes. The incoming torpedo is intercepted and destroyed.  Decoy Launcher – a reusable tubed system used for launching expendable decoys, and evasion devices that are used for self-defense by concealing, diverting, or defeating systems that are attempting to discover, track, or target friendly forces.  Gun – a breech-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber and capable of firing PGWs. Includes both direct fire and indirect fire weapons  Missile Launcher – Reusable device used to launch guided missiles and guided rockets  Mortar – a muzzle-loaded, tubed weapon greater than 57mm caliber capable of firing PGWs at low velocities, over short ranges, and at high trajectories.  Multi-Role ISR – A platform or system which can accomplish more than one ISR mission, for example collecting imagery as well as signals intelligence.  Target – An unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Torpedo Tube – a tube used to launch self-contained, self-sustaining, underwater weapons that have range, azimuth and elevation vectoring, maneuvering and target seeking/discrimination means, along with a warhead and fuzing.

Services Market

Markets Forecast Services’ Market is a blended market which includes all the Programs and Opportunities in the General Service Market plus all the Service and Support Programs and Opportunities embedded in each of the Markets Forecast Equipment Market Forecasts. The General Services element of this market includes services and support not primarily associated with a specific platform, sensor or other piece of equipment.

The Services Market includes:  Equipment-specific service contracts (from platform, weapon and electronic databases);  Ranges, depots, facilities, and infrastructure operations;  Scientific and engineering support services;  Process consulting and program management;  General research activities;  General training activities;  Sustainment services, including security, fuel and provisions distribution.

The Services Market does not include:  Construction and most manufacturing;  Desktop type IT services;  Medical services;  Training devices/simulators and related hardware;  Information not available in open literature;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

General Services Market

General Services is a feeder market that includes services and support not primarily associated with a platform or sensor, but instead a facility, port, post, base, or infrastructure operations. It also includes research, consulting and other services supporting broad warfare disciplines and defense support activities. General Services feeds to the Services blended market.

The General Services Market includes:  Ranges, depots, facilities, and infrastructure operations;  Scientific and engineering support services;  Process consulting and program management;  General research activities;  General training activities.

The General Services Market does not include:  Overhaul, modification, modernization, upgrade and repair of core market platforms and systems;  Most construction and manufacturing;  Medical services;

 Training devices/simulators and related hardware;  Classified support activities;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

General Services Functional Segmentations

 Cyber Attack – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to attack and/or exploit civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain.  Cyber Security – hardware, software, and services whose primary purpose is to protect civilian and military computer networks and the data they contain. Cyber Security also includes response to attack/exploitation efforts that are defensive in nature.  Cyber Support – hardware, software and services whose primary purpose is related supporting roles such as maintenance, sustainment, education/training and compliance/governance.  Range Support – Assistance in the operation and maintenance of training ranges including scheduling, maintaining and controlling the ranges. Example: repairing and maintaining live and automated firing ranges, target holders, firing points and targets.  Research & Technology – Broad based and general technology.  Services/Support – Services primarily providing systems engineering, technical assistance, operations management, maintenance, training, sustainment, or scientific and engineering support.  Other – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.

General Services Attributes

 Service Type is an attribute field with ten unique selections. o Admin Support Svcs – administrative and clerical activities support. o Civil Engineering – architect-engineer services, environmental remediation, and other non-construction type services provided to public works projects. o Eng & Tech Svcs – engineering and technical support services, including SETA (Sys Eng & Tech Assistance); engineering support services; engineering related studies; writing technical manuals; and chemical, biological and other testing services. o Info Technology – the wide range of activities supporting Information Technology, including software development, integration and maintenance; IT modernization/modification; IT investment management; and IT security. o Logistics – logistics services related to forces, equipment and supplies. These include supply chain management, fuel distribution, food services,

supply airlift and sealift, ammunition storage and handling, and property management. o Mgmnt Support Svcs – this includes program and project management; process improvement; acquisition and contracting consulting and other advisory services; as well as media and recruiting. o Ops & Maint – combined or separate activities in operating and maintaining facilities, such as base operations, range support, infrastructure tasks and oversight, and other non-technical professional services. o Research & Analysis – services related to the methodical investigation and assessment of a theory or discipline, involving research, development, studies, and analysis. o Security – activities providing security services to either facilities or personnel. o Training – the range of training support activities, including preparation of syllabi, manuals, and documents; training personnel; managing locations and facilities; providing and maintaining classroom devices, equipment, and training simulations; and consulting on training.

Sim & Training Market

The Sim & Training Market is a blended market which includes training platforms (aircraft, ships, vehicles and spacecraft whose primary purpose is training) and related equipment; training devices; training ranges, instrumentation and targets; related hardware; network architecture for simulation environments; and software, documentation and courseware designed to train military personnel in effective execution of their assigned military duties.

The Sim and Training (S&T) Market includes:  Simulators, simulations, training devices, training aids and related hardware;  Training ranges, instrumentation and targets;  Operation, management and support of training facilities and ranges;  Military war gaming and game-based training technologies;  Courseware and computer-based classroom and web-based training;  Training and education services;  Training / post-exercise analysis;  Syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, and classroom devices and equipment;  Training logistics support;  Operation, management, and support of simulators, simulations, training devices and training aids.  Platforms used specifically for training operators and crew members;

The Sim and Training (S&T) market does not include:  Simulation and Training systems embedded in existing platform / mission / weapons systems;  Non mission related training range / facility services (security, grounds maintenance, janitorial services, food service, billeting, personal services, etc.);  Construction of training facilities and ranges;  Blank ammunition and pyrotechnics;  Precision guided weapons and missile training rounds;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;  Simulations used for purposes other than training.

Simulation Market

Simulation is a feeder market for the Sim and Training database that includes training devices; training ranges and instrumentation; related training hardware; network architecture for simulation environments; and software, documentation and courseware designed to train military personnel in effective execution of their assigned military duties. Simulation feeds to the Sim and Training blended market.

The Simulation Market includes:  Simulators, simulations, training devices, training aids and related hardware;  Training ranges and instrumentation;  Operation, management and support of simulation networks;  Military war gaming and game-based training technologies;  Courseware and computer-based classroom and web-based training;  Syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, and classroom devices and equipment;  Training logistics support;  Operation, management, and support of simulators, training devices and training aids.

The Simulation Market does not include:  Simulation and Training systems embedded in existing platform / mission / weapons systems;  Platforms used for training operators and crew members;  Training targets;  Non-mission related training range / facility services (security, grounds maintenance, janitorial services, food service, billeting, personal services, etc.);  Construction of training facilities and ranges;

 Blank ammunition and pyrotechnics;  Precision guided weapons and missile training rounds;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management;  Simulations used for purposes other than training.

Simulation Functional Segmentations

 Courseware – A program created for classroom training purposes. Most often courseware will be software-based or include software which is accessible via CD, DVD or the internet.  Documentation – Creation of technical manuals to provide a basic overview of how to operate and maintain simulation equipment.  Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Instruction – Training and education services related to the use of simulators and /or training services that are conducted with the use of a simulator.  Live Training Support – Assistance with live field training exercises. Examples include: preparing the physical training environment; integrating tactical support systems; maintaining necessary conditions in the training environment, tracking and measuring training performance; and providing role players, set design and battlefield effects.  Maintenance Simulator – Used to train military personnel on the repair and maintenance tasks for a specific platform or system. Example: Stryker maintenance trainer.  Mission Simulator – Simulates the platform (e.g. aircraft) in the environment in which it typically operates, enabling training in all aspects of a realistic mission scenario. This category also includes part-task trainers used to train warfighters on specific procedures related to an individual task on a platform. Examples: loadmaster trainer, weapons loading trainer.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Other Sim &Trng – This category is used when the record cannot be explicitly described by another functional segmentation category.  Platform Simulator – Provides training on the overall operation of aircraft, ships, spacecraft or ground vehicles.  Range Support – Assistance in the operation and maintenance of training ranges including scheduling, maintaining and controlling the ranges. Example: repairing and maintaining live and automated firing ranges, target holders, firing points and targets.

 Sensor Simulator – Generates simulated sensor data for display and analysis.  Simulation Environment – The IT architecture that supports constructive simulations and enables integration of common virtual components. This could also include imagery and terrain databases used in constructive simulations.  Simulator Support – Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.  Weapon Simulator – Used to simulate a weapons system or train operators on the weapons systems of a specific platform. Example: MILES SLM (Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation Shoulder Launched Munitions), Stryker mobile gun system trainer.  Research & Technology – Broad-based and general S&T technology.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified

Simulation Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Lead Mission Software – The software used to model the platform’s operational characteristics, simulating the way the platform operates.  Mission Processor – The Item’s main or central computer or processor.  Network Operations – S&T systems in many cases operate via networks or in a distributed mode for virtual training among groups of physically separated individuals, thus requiring network operations and/or LAN/WAN services.  Non-Mission Software – S&T systems may contain software designed to manage the S&T application itself. Examples of Non-Mission Software are S&T monitoring software and fault tolerance software.  Operator Consoles and Displays – The Item’s man-machine interfaces, including hardware, operating software and embedded processors, if applicable.  Other Electronics – Identifies significant suppliers and their program content for Simulation and Training systems with special subsystem features.  Simulator Cab – A replica of the portion of the vehicle for which the operator is being trained. Examples: Stryker cockpit, B-2 weapons bay, M1A1 turret.  Simulator Display – The projectors and display screens (flat screen, dome etc.) which provide the visual imagery for the simulator. This could also include helmet mounted displays.  Simulator Image Generator – The components of the simulator system that process data into synthetic images which provide the Out-the-Window (OTW) scenery or other imagery upon which the simulated environment is built.  Simulator Image Projector – The hardware that projects the simulated images onto the display surfaces or screens.

 Simulator Motion Platform – The base or chassis of the simulator which provides the simulated motion on a varying number of axes (up to six). This could include motion seats on a stationary base as well.  Virtual Environment – Software to build live, virtual or constructive simulations and scenarios and run the simulations and/or scenarios, creating the environment in which the platform operates.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Maintenance Services – Activities undertaken to retain equipment in a serviceable condition or restore it to serviceability. Examples: simulator repair, rebuilding, inspection, testing, and servicing.  Mission Systems from External Suppliers – The portion of the mission systems provided by a contractor other than the system supplier.  Mission Systems Work Retained by System Supplier – The portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier.  Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices and equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services – Providing the logistics, personnel and supplies (i.e. parts and spares) needed to maintain and prolong equipment operations.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.

Simulation Attributes

 Simulation Type is an attribute field with four unique selections which describe how the simulation and training is conducted: o Live – Training exercises in a real physical environment using real tactical equipment that is enhanced by training aids, devices, and

simulators/simulations. Example: Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation (MILES). o Virtual – Real people operating simulated equipment and/or systems. Example: a pilot flying a simulated aircraft. o Constructive – Simulated people operating simulated systems. Real people provide inputs to the simulations, but the actions of the vehicles or weapon systems, along with the result of the engagement, are simulated. Example: First person shooter video game. o Multiple – Cases where a range of types of simulation and training are employed or where there may not be a clear division between the categories.

 Motion Cueing is an attribute field with five unique selections that describes whether or not the simulator moves to replicate the platform operational experience. o Fixed Base – A training device or simulator that is stationary. This could be a simulator that does not incorporate movement or smaller device such as a desk top trainer. o Motion Platform – A simulator that is mounted on a moving platform with any number of degrees of freedom (typically 6). o NA – This category is used when the simulator does not have a base or the training device is wearable. Example: Dismounted Soldier Training System (no base) or Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement Simulation or MILES (no base, wearable). o Unknown – method of motion cueing is unknown or cannot be forecast.

 Display System is an attribute field with eleven unique selections that describe the manner in which the virtual scenery and environment is displayed in the simulator or training device. o Collimated – A display which uses a curved mirror so that the Out-the Window (OTW) scenery appears at a realistic distant focus to the pilot, rather than the actual distance from the cockpit to the screen. o Cross-collimated – Similar to a collimated display, but designed so that two pilots seated side-by-side see the image correctly at a distant focus with no obstruction to the field of view from either side. o Dome – A spherical display surface which enables an Out-the-Window (OTW) field of view of 360 degrees. o Partial Dome – A simulator display surface that is a portion of a spherical shape. o Faceted – A display surface in a simulator which consists of a series of flat planes put together to form a polygonal shape. o Flat Panel – Systems where the image is projected onto a typical flat panel screen. The screens could be mounted on the simulator itself, but this also refers to systems where the display is simply a flat panel screen on a desktop.

o Helmet Mounted – A system where the visual display method is mounted directly to the trainee’s helmet. This can be used as a stand-alone method or in conjunction with another type of visual display system. o Multiple – This refers to simulators where more than one type of display medium is used. Most commonly this would involve the use of a helmet- mounted display along with the main display system for the simulator. o None – Used for systems where there is no graphic display medium. An example would be a maintenance trainer where the simulator is a mock-up of the actual platform. o Unknown – the manner of display is unknown or cannot be forecast.

 Other Sensory Inputs are additional features that create the sensory effects of the environment that is being simulated. This field has 6 unique selections: sound, atmospheric, olfactory, additional motion, multiple, and none. o Sound – The inclusion of realistic sounds from the environment that is being simulated. Examples: battlefield sounds, noise of airflow, aircraft engines etc. o Atmospheric – These effects would include things such as actual fog or mist that are included to add to the realism of the simulation. o Olfactory – Inclusion of smells that would be found in the environment being simulated. o Additional Motion – Sometimes a simulator will have motion inputs beyond (or instead of) a motion platform. This would include things such as motion seats, vibrations, strap tightening and helmet loading devices. o Multiple – Used in cases where more than one type of additional sensory inputs are present in the system. o None – This category is used in cases where no additional sensory inputs are included with the system or for services records. o Unknown – the existence of other sensory inputs is unknown or cannot be forecast.

Unmanned Systems Market

Unmanned Systems is a blended market which integrates four elements: Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV), Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV), Unmanned Sea Vehicles (USV) and their corresponding C2 systems. Unmanned Systems include defense-related unmanned, self- propelled, aerial, terrestrial, sea-borne or submersible platforms. These systems operate without a human being positioned on or within the vehicle, and their operation is achieved through autonomous or remote control.

The Unmanned Systems Market includes:  UAVs to include: fixed-wing, rotary wing and hybrid (e.g. tilt-rotor) aerial vehicles;  USVs to include: surface and underwater vessels used for counter-mine detonation, mine warfare, intel-ops, inspection, surveillance and protection, route mapping, target training, ocean survey, hull inspection, rescue, coastal patrol;

 UGVs to include: defensive and offensive combat vehicles, combat support vehicles, logistics vehicles and Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) vehicles used by a military organization;  Tethered and un-tethered variants of above UAVs, USVs and UGVs;  Significant system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Service and support focused within the unmanned systems market.

The Unmanned Systems Market does not include:  Manned air, land, sea or space systems;  Space or exo-atmospheric vehicles (contained in the Spacecraft market);  One-way attack platforms such as missiles and torpedoes (contained in Missile & PGW markets);  Formerly manned platforms fitted for remote control (drones)  Target systems not intended for re-use;  Manned or “mannable” demining vehicles, albeit capable of unmanned tele- operation;  Non-powered items such as towed artillery, trailers, towed sonars or transportable containers;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Unmanned Systems Functional Segmentations  Combat – A platform or system which is dedicated to combat operations.  Courseware – A program created for classroom training purposes. Most often courseware will be software-based or include software which is accessible via CD, DVD or the internet.  Instruction – Training and education services related to the use of simulators and /or training services that are conducted with the use of a simulator.  Live Training Support – Assistance with live field training exercises. Examples include: preparing the physical training environment; integrating tactical support systems; maintaining necessary conditions in the training environment, tracking and measuring training performance; and providing role players, set design and battlefield effects.  Mine Warfare – Those platforms with the capability to detect and/or clear mines.  Multirole – This category includes any instance where the record involves more than one functional segmentation category.  Multi-Role Electronic – A platform or system which can accomplish more than one ISR mission, for example collecting imagery as well as signals intelligence.  Multi-Role Strike – A platform or system which is used for multiple roles in addition to its Strike and Combat duties, for example it may also be used for ISR purposes.

 Simulator Support – Activities related to maintaining, repairing, and upgrading a simulator to ensure concurrency between the simulator and its related operational platform. This could include modification or hardware and / or software.  Target – Reusable, unmanned aerial device which emulates aircraft and/or missile threats. Targets are used to assess the performance of land, sea, or air based air defense weapon/sensor systems, or in the training of land, sea, or air based air defense forces.  Trainer – Equipment used in military exercises and as flight trainers/simulators.  Training – A platform or system which is used for a dedicated training role, for example a recoverable target that is used on a training range.  Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – Functional segmentations for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are the same as those for Military Aircraft.  Unmanned Sea Vehicles – Functional segmentations for Unmanned Sea Vehicles are the same as those for Military Ships.  Unmanned Ground Vehicles – Functional segmentations for Unmanned Ground Vehicles are the same as those for Military Ground Vehicles.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Market

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a feeder market that includes defense-related unmanned, self-propelled, aerial platforms. These systems operate without a human being positioned on or within the vehicle, and their operation is achieved through autonomous or remote control. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle feeds to the Unmanned Systems blended market.

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Market includes:  Fixed-wing, rotary wing and hybrid (e.g. tilt-rotor) aerial vehicles;  Tethered and un-tethered variants;  Target systems not intended for re-use including formerly manned platforms fitted for remote control;  Significant system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Service and support focused within the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle market.

The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Market does not include:  Manned air or space systems;  Space or exo-atmospheric vehicles (contained in the Spacecraft market);  One-way attack platforms such as missiles (contained in Missile market);  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Unmanned Sea Vehicle Market

Unmanned Sea Vehicle (USV) is a feeder market that includes defense-related unmanned, self-propelled, sea-borne or submersible platforms. These systems operate without a human being positioned on or within the vehicle, and their operation is achieved through autonomous or remote control. Unmanned Sea Vehicle feeds to the Unmanned Systems blended market.

The Unmanned Sea Vehicle Market includes:  Surface and underwater vessels used for counter-mine detonation, mine warfare, intel-ops, inspection, surveillance and protection, route mapping, target training, ocean survey, hull inspection, rescue, coastal patrol;  Tethered and un-tethered variants;  Significant system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Service and support focused within the Unmanned Sea Vehicle market. The Unmanned Sea Vehicle Market does not include:  Manned sea systems;  One-way attack platforms such as torpedoes (contained in PGW market);  Formerly manned platforms fitted for remote control (drones )

 Target systems not intended for re-use;  Non-powered items such as towed sonars;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Unmanned Ground Vehicle Market

Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) is a feeder market that includes defense-related unmanned, self-propelled, terrestrial platforms. These systems operate without a human being positioned on or within the vehicle, and their operation is achieved through autonomous or remote control. Unmanned Ground Vehicle feeds to the Unmanned Systems blended market.

The Unmanned Ground Vehicle Market includes:  Defensive and offensive combat vehicles, combat support vehicles, logistics vehicles and Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) vehicles used by a military organization;  Tethered and un-tethered variants;  Significant system upgrades, modernization or refurbishment programs;  Service and support focused within the Unmanned Ground Vehicle market.

The Unmanned Ground Vehicle Market does not include:  Manned land systems;  Formerly manned platforms fitted for remote control (drones )  Target systems not intended for re-use;  Manned or “mannable” demining vehicles, albeit capable of unmanned tele- operation;  Non-powered items such as towed artillery, trailers, or transportable containers;  Company-funded research and development;  Government budget for overhead and program management.

Unmanned Air Vehicle Attributes

 Operating Environment is an attribute which defines the general conditions of flight for the UAV. o EHALE - Extreme High Altitude and Endurance. An aerial vehicle which operates at extremely high altitudes (upper Stratosphere to Thermosphere) and may endure for periods exceeding a month. o VHALE - Very High Altitude and Endurance. Operates in stratosphere and can endure for days.

o HALE - High-altitude, long endurance aerial unmanned vehicle that is designed to operate in the stratosphere (above 50,000 feet) and for duration longer than 12 hours. o MALE - Medium-altitude, long endurance airborne unmanned vehicle that operates in the troposphere (below 50,000 feet) and for duration longer than 12 hours. o MALE/HALE - Medium/high-altitude, long endurance aerial unmanned vehicle that is designed to perform at both medium and high altitudes for duration longer than 12 hours. o Tactical - Operates in lower to middle troposphere at less than 12 hours endurance. Performs wide variety of missions in that realm. o Close In - Typically operates under 5,000 feet for periods under one hour. o Hand Held - Launched by hand and typically operates under 1,000 feet for periods of less than 30 minutes. o Research & Tech - An aerial vehicle that is in the very early stages of definition and has yet to be formed into a specific requirement. o In Review - Programs which have issues which impact the platform classification.

 Maximum Weight (pounds) is an attribute reflecting maximum allowable gross weight at takeoff. 0-0.22

0.23-2.2

2.3-66.0

67-440

441-2,200

2,201-4,400

4,401-11,000

11,001-22,000

22,001-33,000

33,001+

o Research & Technology - Broad based and general UAV related technology. o In Review - The performance characteristics are not known at this time.

Unmanned Sea Vehicle Attributes

 Endurance (days) is an attribute which defines the time that the unmanned sea vehicle can operate under its own power. 0-0.1

0.11-0.50

0.51-1.0

1.01-5.0

5.01-15

15.01-30

30.01-60

60+

Unmanned Ground Vehicle Attributes

Blended Market Subsystems

 System Integrator – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item System/Service Supplier.  Airframe Mfg 1-3 – Aircraft may be assembled from major sub-assemblies manufactured by different suppliers. Airframe Mfg represents that portion of the aircraft including all structure but excluding controls, landing gear, propulsion, etc.  Ancillaries – Items such as cable assemblies, speakers, headsets, power amplification, batteries, adapters and filters.  Antenna – The portion of the communications system related to signal propagation and directional aspects.  Armaments – The portion of the system related to launchers, rails, hard points and arms control and management.  Arming & Fuzing – The portion of the missile that includes target detection devices, arm-safe systems, and fuzes that identify the conditions for triggering the warhead.  Armor – the portion of a vehicle that contains materials that provide a defense against weapons by enhancing or covering the vehicle’s primary structure.  Array- An arrangement of a number of transducers or hydrophones - appropriately spaced and operated in an integrated fashion - to improve source/signal strength and to provide proper directional characteristics.  Auxiliary Power Unit – Onboard power generation devices used to power-up the aircraft’s main engines and/or to perform tests with low power demands.  Command Telemetry System – Elements of a SpaceSystem primarily intended to sense, determine, transmit and/or receive positional and/or flight path commands.  Communication/Navigation System – Aircraft systems that rely on external communications, such as radio direction signals, beacons and radar land marks, to obtain aircraft positional information.  Core Propulsion – The primary sustaining engine on the missile that takes it from launch (or if a booster is used, post-launch) to the target.  Electrical System – The components and subsystems of the aircraft related to electrical power generation and buss distribution.  Energy Systems 1-3 – That part of the Directed Energy System that develops the energy system, transmits it to an emitter, and emits a beam to include emission control systems.  Environmental Control System – Components and subsystems used to maintain aircraft, including temperature, pressure, volumes, lighting, sound and life support within specified parameters.  Equipment Supplier - The portion of the program related to Cyber Operations related equipment, described as being either production or non-unit production, and provided by the Item System/Service Supplier.

 Flight Control System – The portion of the system related to man-machine interfacing to ensure controlled flight operations, including hardware, software and embedded processors if applicable.  Flight Management System – The onboard computerized systems, gauges and measurement sensors designed to provide aircraft diagnostic information to pilots during flight. These devices warn of low pressure, fuel, power and even variations in speed and altitude. Flight management systems will in some cases act to correct issues or suggest solutions to be performed by pilots and/or crew.  Gnd Prox Warning System – Radar, air data computers or other devices used to detect and warn of low altitude flying.  Guidance and Control 1-3 – The guidance and control (G&C) section(s) of a precision weapon may contain any number of components, largely electronic, that are used for navigation, orientation, and control. Some of the typical components found in these sections include GPS receivers, Inertial Navigation Systems (INS), Inertial Measurement/Reference Units (IMU or IRU), mechanical and electronic gyroscopes, accelerometers, computers, data systems, altimeters, datalinks, flight controls/autopilots, actuators, thrusters and wire/fiber optic guidance elements. As the suppliers of G&C components are identified, they will be listed in approximately their contribution dollar value order in the three G&C fields. The PGW system suppliers/system integrators will often be listed as the most significant supplier of guidance and control due to their frequent role of integrating and building up a weapon’s G&C section.  Handling Equipment – The sub-system (e.g. cable winches) used to deploy and recover towed devices such as VDS or wire arrays.  Health Monitoring System – Aircraft Health Monitoring System (HMS) determines any fault that effects performance measurements. Basic function is to monitor systems both for fault detection, isolation/identification and for performance. The main parts of the HMS entail monitoring, sensor data validation, fault identification and isolation, fault accommodation and maintenance.  Housing – The sub-system that encloses and protects the transducer/hydrophone array from the general ocean environment. For example, for bow or hull mounted sonar arrays, the housing is generally known as the sonar dome.  Imagery Supplier - The portion of the program related to commercial imagery used for intelligence analysis, including satellite and aerial.  Inertial Ref/Nav System – On board aircraft systems primarily used for navigation and safety of flight.  In-Flight-Entertainment System – Audio/video entertainment systems provided in the passenger cabin.  Information Assurance Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the intelligence system “Item” for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with credentialing.  Information Security Technology – Hardware and/or software installed in the communications “Item” for the purpose of enhanced security generally associated with “received” signals and/or signal content.

 IR Element – The portion of the system related to the Infrared Sensor (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Laser Element – The portion of the system related to the Laser element (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Lead Mission Software – The software used to model the platform’s operational characteristics, simulating the way the platform operates.  Main Engines/Propulsion – The portion of the system that provides the platform with powered movement and maneuver capability.  Main Landing System – The heavy components of the aircrafts landing and takeoff carrying system.  Mission Processor Supplier – The Item’s main or central computer or processor.  Mission Software 1-3 – The database allows for up to three contractors who might design, build and install Mission System Software packages. Advanced communications and sensor systems are relying more and more on complex software packages (vs. fixed analog design) to encode, decode, adjust wavelengths and frequencies, build information packages and conduct content modulation in order to maximize device utilization across many applications. It is not unusual for some systems to have one or more mission software applications designed for special use by several different contractors.  Mission System I/O Devices – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the subsystems into the forecasted Item and performing the program management. This role is typically filled by the Item’s System/Service Supplier.  Mission System Integrator (MSI) – The portion of the program related to integrating all of the mission electronics into a single functioning suite of sensors and electronics. This type of integrator is most common on very complex platform programs.  Mission Systems –The portion of the system related to operational mission system payload(s) such as Radar, EO/IR, Communications, C2, Sonar and onboard computing. We break this out into the portion of the mission systems provided by the system supplier (retained) and the portion provided by a contractor other than the system supplier (released).  Network Operations 1-2 – Interoperability and network-centric warfare demands are increasing, particularly for and on communications systems and devices. As a result, more and more communications systems are requiring hardware, software and circuitry, outside mission system, T/R modules, antennas and processing content to allow for network centric functionality. The database allows for up to two contractors who might design, build and install network operational capabilities for a communication system.  Non-Mission Software – Communication systems may contain software designed to manage the communication device or system itself. Non-mission Software monitoring and administering fault tolerances levels and administering self-healing applications would be examples of Non-mission software.  Nose Landing System – The lighter and typically steering-related components of the aircrafts landing and takeoff carrying system.

 Operator Consoles and Display – Cockpit instrumentation, keyboards, displays and advisories used by the pilot and crew to operate the aircraft.  Optical Element – The portion of the system related to the Optical element (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Other Electronics – Refers to any communications hardware not directly used for transmission, reception, propagation or processing. Input and output buffers and interface buss would be examples of Other Communication System Electronics.  Platform – The portion of the system related to the vehicle’s overall frame or body including armament.  Primary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the Item’s largest caliber firing mechanism(s) for ammunition, ordnance and munitions. Frequently a complete turret that is mounted on the vehicle.  Processor – The portion of a communications system related to processing signal informational content as provided by the T/R elements.  Propulsion/Booster 1-2 – If applicable, any secondary propulsion used by the missile for launch or sustained flight. Instances may be first and second stage rocket motors for long-range missiles and boosters used to accelerate a missile to cruise speed.  Receiver – The portion of the system related to signal(s) reception (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Safety Weather Radar System – On board weather radar systems assist in pilots in avoiding areas of bad weather not otherwise identified by ground controllers.  Secondary Gun/Launcher – The portion of the system related to the Item’s second largest firing mechanism(s) for ammunition, ordnance and munitions.  Seeker – Terminal guidance system that uses RF, EO/IR, Laser, Sonar and other such technologies to identify and home in on the target.  Simulator Cab – A replica of the portion of the vehicle for which the operator is being trained. Examples: Stryker cockpit, B-2 weapons bay, M1A1 turret.  Simulator Display – The projectors and display screens (flat screen, dome etc.) which provide the visual imagery for the simulator. This could also include helmet mounted displays.  Simulator Image Generator – The components of the simulator system that process data into synthetic images which provide the Out-the-Window (OTW) scenery or other imagery upon which the simulated environment is built.  Simulator Image Projector – The hardware that projects the simulated images onto the display surfaces or screens.  Simulator Motion Platform – The base or chassis of the simulator which provides the simulated motion on a varying number of axes (up to six). This could include motion seats on a stationary base as well.  Strap-on Propulsion – In addition to launcher vehicles, SpaceSystem may have three distinct propulsion means: Core, Strap-on or Upper-Stage. Strap-on propulsion is defined as temporary propulsion devices used to maneuver or transport space systems into different orbits or other points in space. Strap-on propulsion

devices are used to maneuver huge space system into maintenance, recovery or assembly positions. Strap on propulsion devices are usually removed from a space system once their purpose has been accomplished.  Subscriber Services – Some communications systems need special built in gateways and access channels for subscriber services. Communication satellites with hundreds of relay or link communication channels for lease, sale or assignment would need on board Subscriber Service capabilities to manage channel operations and assignments. Otherwise they might become unregulated broadband transmission radios.  T/R System – The T/R System is a module in an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA). The T/R module in an AESA is a self-contained package containing a receiver, power amplified transmitter, and digitally controlled phase/delay and gain elements.  Traffic Collision Avoidance System – An onboard aircraft electronic system using distance, flight path and altitude measurements of surrounding air traffic to detect and warn of potential collisions.  Transducer/hydrophone – The sub-system assembly that generates and/or receives acoustic signals in the water and converts them to/from an electrical signal.  Transmission – The portion of the system used to increase torque provided from the Main engine.  Transmitter – The portion of the system related to signal(s) generation and transmission (Hardware and Software, if applicable).  Turret – The portion of the system used to mount and aim the primary gun (if not part of the gun).  Upper Stage Propulsion – In addition to launcher vehicles, SpaceSystem may have three distinct propulsion means: Core, Strap-on or Upper-Stage. Upper Stage Propulsion can (1) act as a hosting device for payloads after initial launch into LEO, providing the energy for one or several other space travel trajectories following launch into LEO; or (2) Upper Stages can be little more than second or third stage engines of the launch system. Upper stages are most often and generally always used to propel space system out of a parked LEO and onto their intended space travel trajectories or into GEO parking.  Virtual Environment – Software to build live, virtual or constructive simulations and scenarios and run the simulations and/or scenarios, creating the environment in which the platform operates.  Warhead – The portion of the system related to the Item’s destructive charge(s).  Yard/Builder (HM&E) 1-2 – The portion of the program related to building a vessel’s hull, mechanical and engineering systems.  Sys Eng & Tech Assistance (SETA) – System Engineering and Technical Assistance (SETA).  Scientific & Engineering Support – Where not specifically stated as SETA, other scientific and engineering support services. Examples: engineering related studies, scientific research and support, writing technical manuals, chemical, biological and other testing services; architect-engineer services; environmental planning and engineering services; and other technical services.

 Ops-Mgt Services – Operations and management, or generally non-engineering and non-technical services. Examples: operating and managing facilities; infrastructure tasks and oversight; supervision and management services; consulting and advisory services; program management; and providing other non-technical professional services.  Maintenance Services – Maintenance, or technician specific servicing and general repairs. Examples: base maintenance and repair; non-specific platform repair and other technician maintenance services; staffing O&R depots; environmental remediation; and decontamination.  Training Services – Training activities to include syllabus preparation, manuals, documents, personnel, location & facilities, classroom devices & equipment, training simulations, and the successful completion of the training contract statement of work.  Sustainment Services– Sustainment, or the distribution of life support type activities. Examples: food service; fuel storage and shipment; security; supply airlift and sealift; and other storage services.  Licensor – The portion of the system’s value related to providing raw technology. A Licensor’s role can be compared to a low-value-added integrator.  Other Work-share Provider – A significant subcontractor whose contribution cannot be categorized in any of the other sections.  Unidentified R&D – A modeled estimate of R&D Sales not yet identified.