THE LIFE and TIMES of DR. WILLIAM HARVEY by SIR WILMOT HERRINGHAM, K.C.M.G., C.B., M.D., F.R.C.P

THE LIFE AND TIMES OF DR. WILLIAM HARVEY By SIR WILMOT HERRINGHAM, K.C.M.G., C.B., M.D., F.R.C.P.

HAMSTEAD, ENGLAND

Part v (Concl us ion )*

The other brothers were all in trade. negotiation by the merchants on either Two of them were members of the side, in the course of which Daniel Grocer’s Company. Daniel was admit- and Matthew Harvey were accused by ted in 1611, having been apprentice their fellow Adventurers of acting in to Thomas W eston, and was given a fraudulent collusion with the French Ioan of £50 out of a benevolent fund merchants. The charge was brought formed to help young members to before the Privy Council on January start in business. He was then twenty- 28th, 1628, but no more is recorded four. Eliab was admitted, having in the Council Register, so the matter been apprentice to Richard Piggott, was probably settled.39 in 1616. Both served on the Livery, The other great companies were Daniel in 1620, Eliab in 1631. Daniel the Muscovy Company, to which was on the Court in 1625, was elected apparently the Harveys did not be- Sheriff in 1639, and Warden in 1640, long, and the Levant and East India but escaped both those burdensome Companies to which they did. It is offices by payment of the regular line.* an amusing trait, showing the brothers Of the chartered companies which to have been a close fisted set, that then monopolized foreign trade the they always made difficulties about oldest was that of the Merchant paying their “fines” or entrance fees. Adventurers. Their books are lost, Thomas and Daniel were admitted and therefore we cannot tell whether to the Levant Company as partners the Harveys belonged to that Com- on November 18, 1616, and are pany or not, but there was a smaller described as “farmers of the preemp- company of Adventurers trading into tion of Tynne.” This is explained by a France, with which Daniel and Mat- grant dated May 22, 1615 to Clement thew were connected, for when in John and Thomas Harvey and Robert 1626 and 1627 Charles’ subservience Charleton, citizens and merchants of to Buckingham, and Buckingham’s London, of the preemption of all private quarrel with France, led to tin in the counties of Devon and Corn- the seizure of French ships, and this wall and elsewhere excepting that to confiscation of English goods by granted to the Pewterers for five the French, the result was a long years (Cal. S.P. Dom. Jas 1.). Daniel was abroad, and Thomas paid the * Mr. Hickman Barnes, Clerk to the Com- fine, then £25, for the firm, on the pany, to whom I am indebted for this infor- understanding that, if one of the part- mation, tells me that no Thomas Harvey is recorded within the required dates, nor is ners died, the survivor would be liable there any record of a Michael or Matthew for a second fine. Thomas died in Harvey. February, 1623, and the Company * Parts I, II, III and IV of this article appeared in the Anna ls of Medic al Histo ry , vol. IV, No. 2, p. 109, March, 1932; No. 3, p. 249, May, 1932; No. 4, p. 347, July, 1932; and No. 5, p. 491, Sept., 1932. demanded Daniel’s fine. He resisted fine was paid. On November 27, 1637, and, though they at last excluded him Eliab and Michael were admitted. from all trade outward and inward, The fine was then £50. They asked for remittance of part of it. No relief was granted to Eliab, but as Michael had been apprentice to Thomas, his fine was reduced to £25. In January, 1638, Eliab moved again, that since he and Michael came in as partners, part of the £50 and £25 might be remitted. In February, Dan- iel was elected Assistant, and on March 14, Eliab having now a friend on the Board, moved the same motion again. This time he obtained a remittance of £20.

he published a Mapp of Commerce (printed for Mapp, London) a large quarto with a fine frontispiece, dedicated to (1) Sir Morris Abbot, Aid., Governor of the East India Co. (brother of the Archbishop), and Henry Garraway, Aid., Governor of the Levant Co., and (2) to the six remaining brothers, William, Doctor of Physic, John Harvey, Esquire, Daniel, Eliab, Michael and Matthew, merchants, and to John Harvey onely son of Thomas Harvey, merchant, deceased. In the preface Roberts states that he was a factor in Constantinople, and that the book would not pay up until December, was begun twenty years ago, “and traced out 1625. By this refusal he kept out of at the charges and expense of your loving the Company Lewis Roberts,* an brother and my deceased master, Thomas apprentice of Thomas, whom the Harvey,” since whose death the other Company would not admit until the brothers have helped him. “I have been so much assisted by your help, and helped by * Note on Lewis Roberts: When Daniel your assistance . . . that I had just cause Harvey refused to pay his fine to the Levant to honour your love, and still persevere to Company on the death of his brother and love your honour.” As was then the custom, partner, Thomas, his servant’s petition (Lewis there are several poems to the author at the Roberts apprentice to Mr. Thomas Harvey beginning of the book, including one from a deceased) for freedom of the Company “is relation in Anglesey, whence Roberts came. not to be considered till the money is paid” The book contains descriptions of all ports (Minutes 0/ Levant Co., May 20, 1625). and trading centers in four continents with On December 1, 1625, Daniel Harvey has the commodities obtained from, and required paid £25, and Lewis Roberts is made a free- by, each, and a list of the coinage with the man. On July 8, 1630, Roberts is Assistant exchanges. It is a remarkable work. (i.e., on the Court of Directors), and on In 1641 was published posthumously his February 14, 1633 he is appointed Husband “Treasure of TrafFike.” In it he shows the (Secretary and Manager). On July 2, 1638, he damage inflicted on commerce by high duties. is styled Captain (no doubt of the City He was buried March 12, 1640, at S. Martin’s Trained Bands). He died in 1640. In 1638 Outwich.42 A similar scene occurred in the East presenting to the Court but £6, which, India Company. In June, 1624, Daniel howbeit, they refused not, yet they Harvey joined in a petition to the wished that Daniel Harvey would ac-

King against the oppressive actions quaint his brothers that the Court of the Dutch in the East Indies (Cal. expected they would have enlarged them- S.P., East Indies and Persia, vol. 70). selves in a more bountiful manner, for He was therefore a Member of the the favour conferred upon them is not usually permitted to any under £20 a Company at that time. In 1628 he man. served on committees. On December 22, of that year, Daniel Harvey was again elected . . . the freedom of the Company assistant of the Levant Company in bestowed on Eliab, Michael and Mat- 1640, but there is no other mention thew, brothers of Daniel Harvey, desirous of this generation of the Harveys in to be adventurers in the new subscription the Minutes of this Company, which for Persia, and the fine referred to their are preserved in the Record Office. own voluntary dispositions, though it They were more active in the East was conceived they could not give less India Company. In 1625 and 1626 than £10 to the poor box. Daniel bought £5300 of the Com- They not only could, but did. pany’s Stock. In 1627 and 1628 he On December 26, Eliab, Michael served on committees. On December and Matthew Harvey were made 6, 1633, there is an amusing piece freemen of the Company and took of sharp practice recorded of him. the accustomed oath, the Court When ships came home the members . . . expecting from them some reas- bid for the cargo at so many months’ onable fine in that respect, but they purchase. Daniel proposed that the Company should order the Treasurer In 1635 Charles 1 was damaging to receive such moneys as he, Daniel, the Company by granting licenses should bring in upon discount for for trading to Endymion Porter and

pepper at 8 per cent, averring that other courtiers, and the Company it was better for the Company to was in a bad way. The Governors receive its own money at 8 per cent were attacked by “the Generality” discount than to borrow at 7 per and Daniel Harvey was put on the cent, which was the usual rate at that Committee in 1636, probably to keep time. Not unnaturally the Treasurer him quiet. In 1639 he is again on the objected, and a committee reported committee. In 1640 an issue of new against it. On December 9, “the stock was not taken up, but in July Treasurer was desired to forbear tak- of that year several ships came home, ing in any more moneys of Mr. Har- and the Company made enough to vey’s on rebate of 8 per cent.” pay all its debts and had a surplus On March 19, 1634, Daniel claimed of £168,000. In August the King compensation on a deal of 150,000 forced them to sell him 607,522 lb. lb. of pepper, on the ground that of pepper at 2/id per lb. deferred pay- part of it was spoiled by wetting. ment, and resold it at once for 1 /8d. The Company replied that he might cash, leaving the company with noth- take the pepper or leave it, but they ing but promissory notes from Roy- would not pay any compensation. alists, who soon became penniless. For This represents a transaction of about one of them, the Earl of Darleton, who £15,000, as pepper was worth about had been put down, unknown to two shillings a pound. The year fol- himself, for £4000, Eliab became lowing he bought largely again and security. it is noted that his brothers and Lewis This same year Daniel claimed on a Roberts guaranteed him. parcel of silk for underweight, and was allowed £60. In May, 1641, he trade, in which among other things was named on a Committee of Griev- Daniel told him of Portland’s corrup- ances. In April, 1643, De Company tion, no doubt to Laud’s great delight,

was assessed at £35 weekly, as a for the two had been bitter enemies.40 contribution to the £10,000 which In 1641, Daniel and Eliab formed was exacted weekly from the City by part of a deputation from the City Parliament. At the beginning of 1644 to the House of Commons which the Company had two stocks running, presented a petition that the com- the first General Voyage Stock, 1641, mand of the City Militia might be which had already paid 125 per cent, put into the hands of the Lord Mayor and the fourth Joint Stock of 1642 as formerly, and not into those of which had not yet paid a dividend. the New Commissioners. But this Clarendon gives an interesting ac- petition found very ill acceptance in count of Daniel’s friendship with the House, and most of the petitioners Archbishop Laud, who had been made were fain to retract what they had Archbishop in 1633, and was placed done.41 on the Commission of the Treasury The City, which had clamored for which followed on Portland’s death war, was much disgusted at having in 1635. Laud was a good man of to pay, for voluntary contributions business, and never took up a piece having soon failed, Parliament began of work without getting to the bottom to levy money by the methods that of it. He had a country house at were familiar, fifteenths or twentieths Croydon, and Daniel “who had the on movables, subsidies and assess- reputation of knowing more of trade ments on land. The City was ordered than any other man in England,” to provide £10,000 a week. Many lived at Combe nearby. Laud made resisted payment, and among them his acquaintance, and used to have were Daniel and Eliab. They were long conversations with him about assessed as merchants in Dowgatc Ward at £i500 and £500 respectively, July 24, the Haberdashers Com- and on April 12, 1643, their goods mittee allows William Reynolds a had been distrained, and William month to pay what he has agreed for

Langhorn had paid the £2000 on their Dan. Harvey’s goods at Croydon. behalf. Ordered that the goods dis- August 19, Daniel is to be sent by trained be returned to Langhorn. On sea to Plymouth, and keep there Nov. 10, 1643, Daniel’s assessment till he has paid his assessment. Sep- was raised to £5000 and Eliab’s to tember 20, his goods in Snelling’s £2500. November 23, Daniel is to be House, Broad Street, being those taken into custody. December 18, for which Langhorn had paid a year his debtors depose to their debts, and and a half before, to be discharged. are ordered to pay them to the A man called Biddulph, who owes Committee instead of to Daniel. April Daniel £2,271 5s. is to pay it to the 5, 1644; all Daniel Harvey’s rents, Committee. November 4, Trussell and goods and estate to be seized and sold. Reynolds engaging for £1000 by next May 31, he is committed to Lambeth Friday, and that their master will House. On June 1, the House of abide by the Committee’s order for Commons, at a loss for cash, resolved the residue (evidently they have had that the assessment of set upon hard work to get Daniel to yield), he Mr. Dan. Harvey, by the Haber- is released from Lambeth. November dashers Hall Committee, be paid to 8, he has brought in £1000 which Plymouth. On July 20 a petition by makes up a half (i.e., £1500 in Dow- Daniel came before the House of gate and £1000 to the Committee Commons but was by them referred to = half of £5000), the sequestration is the Haberdashers Committee, which taken off, and he is to have fourteen was equivalent to rejection (Journal account of this matter which seems as if it of House of Commons).* were a copy or abstract of Daniel’s petition * There is in the British Museum among for redress. D’Ewes was m.p. for Sudbury at Simons D’Ewes’ ms s . (Harleian ms s . 370) an the time. days to treat about it. November 20, concerning her master, or to an- ordered to pay £500 in a month and swer the questions of the Commit- be further heard (making £3000). tee. February 14, Smith is to be December 20, ordered to pay £1000 released, Colonel West promising he more in six weeks for which he shall shall appear when required. Colonel have the Public Faith (apparently West, paying £85.17.8, the appraised equivalent to Government Stock to value of Eliab Harvey’s goods, is that amount) and be discharged, and to have the same without interrup- that ends Dan’s troubles for the time. tion. Mr. Jarvis is to have £10.9.6 for Meanwhile, on December 20, 1643, seizing and appraising the goods, and Eliab’s goods were distrained at Roe- searching for his person. February 21, hampton. July 1, 1644, Colonel West* Susan Greenway (sic) released. De- having undertaken to pay for Eliab cember 1, Eliab Harvey is to make Harvey’s goods at Roehampton ap- up his half in fourteen days, and to be praised at £50, is to have fourteen further heard; till he do this he is to days to pay in half. January 10, 1645, be committed to Petre House. De- a reward is offered for the discovery cember 17, he is to be discharged on of Eliab (who evidently had ab- paying in £500 more than the £500 sconded). February 5, Eliab is to be paid in the ward. December 26, if brought in custody to pay his assess- he will give security to make up ment. (But apparently he had not what has been paid and levied to yet been caught for) February 7, £1000, his assessment of £2500 for Isaac Smith, Eliab’s servant, is to be his twentieth to be discharged. Feb- kept in custody and Susan Greenwell, ruary 9, 1646, he having paid in his maid, to be committed to Bride- £100 more, and this Committee hav- well, she refusing to be examined ing further considered his estate, * This Colonel West must, I think, be a son order that his assessment be dis- of Francis West, Eliab’s father-in-law. A charged if he pay £200 more in eight Francis West was Captain of the Blue Regi- days. February 27, certificate that ment of trained bands of All Hallows, Bread he has paid £500 and £85.17.8. Street Ward. Fie commanded them at New- Finally, April 23, 1652, ordered Public bury and Gloucester in 1643 and was highly Faith to Eliab for £885.17.8 paid by praised, and promoted to Colonel, by Essex. The Blue Regiment petitioned that he might him as assessment for his twentieth. be appointed to them, but they had already a September 24, 1652, on proof that Colonel Adam. Essex therefore recommended Dan Harvey had paid £1500 in his West for employment in “some post worthy ward, and £2500 (to the Committee) of his merit.” May 2, 1645 he was appointed for his twentieth, and on petition of by the Mayor and Common Council to the Eliab his executor, and affidavit that Lieutenancy of the Tower, resigned by Pennington in compliance with the Self- £1360 was Daniel’s full proportion, Denying Ordinance. That year he was nomi- order that the Public Faith be allowed nated as a Tryer for the appointment of for £3000 of the £4000, paid without Elders of the Church. When Fairfax marched interest.* into the City in December, 1647, he displaced West and put in a Colonel Tichborn, but * All of this is from Cal. S.P. Committee West recovered his position on May 15, 1648 for Advance of Money. Parliament was and died in possession of it in August, 1652. almost as much in want of money as the King, The officers of the Blue Regiment were and the power of the Army arose from the granted leave to attend his funeral. (D.N.B.) absence of money to pay the arrears without But the Harveys did not confine By the end of the first generation their operations to pepper and silk. the Harveys had become owners of At this time there was a large landed property in many counties. amount of land on the market. The Daniel owned the Digby manors of Episcopal lands, the Cathedral lands, Tilton and Stoke Drie in Leicester- and lastly the Royal lands, were all shire and Rutlandshire, Leiston near up for sale, and an immense number Saxmundham in Suffolk, lands in of Delinquents’ lands were sold also. Thanct and Kent, Combe near Croy- In addition Delinquents who com- don in Surrey, and a house in Lambeth. pounded were fined at one-tenth, and Eliab owned a house in Roehampton, later at one-sixth of their capital Cokaync House in Broad Street, then value reckoned at twenty years’ pur- a street of great private mansions, chase, which usually came to double purchased in 1654, the Chigwell estate the total rental of the estate, very including Rolls Park, the Hempstead severe treatment since no land could estate, and *Langford, all in Essex, be sold much, if at all, above ten and Sutton Poyntz in Dorset. William years’ purchase. Hardly any could had bought the Oxcndons in Leicester- find the money as they had subscribed shire, and Baron Parke in Northamp- this money and melted their plate for tonshire, which he left to Eliab. the King, and therefore they had to Michael and William, the sons of sell to provide the fine. For sharp Michael, owned Clifton Mabank, and business men there were great bar- Wyke Manor near Sherborne, which gains to be had. had been bought, ostensibly by Eliab, The first transaction of the kind, for £21,000.37 though this was not due to the con- A few details may be added on the ditions of the war, was a mortgage five commercial brothers. by Sir Kenelm Digby, of Tilton in Thomas Harvey, born at Folkestone, Leicestershire and Stoke Drie in Rut- January 17, 1585, married (1) Eliz- landshire to Daniel and Eliab in abeth, daughter of Nicholas Exton of 1639 f°r £10,000. Daniel is described London, merchant, by whom he had as “of Tilton” during the rebellion two sons who died in infancy and and was proposed as Sheriff for Rut- John (called “of Antwerp”) who landshire, but objection was taken survived him. The wife died in child- and he was not appointed (Journal bed, January, 1619. (2) Elizabeth, House of Commons December 1, 1646). daughter of Sir Robert Parkhurst, The Digby lands were sequestered, Kent, of the Clothworkers’ Company, but the mortgagee was allowed to Aiderman and Lord Mayor, by whom receive the rents, until 1649, when the he had a posthumous son, Thomas, sale of the land was permitted, who probably died in infancy. She, left and Daniel’s executors entered into a widow, married in 1624, Sir Edmund possession. Sawyer, m.p., and died the same year. Thomas Harvey died February 2, which the Army refused to disband. But 1623, and was buried at St. Peter Ie Parliament adopted measures every bit as tyrannical as the King’s had been. On August * Wright’s Essex says that the brother 11, 1645, an ordinance was passed and sent Matthew bought Langford. This is wrong. to the Lords to give the Public Faith to such Eliab bought it, and left it to his son Matthew. as have paid in their and See Eliab’s will. Poor. He left £4000 to his widow, and Eliab Harvey built the Harvey £5000 to be distributed at the discre- Mortuary Chapel at Hempstead in tion of Dr. Harvey and “Mr.” Park- 1655, and died May 27, 1661. He left hurst, and the remainder (if the £1500 a year to his widow with unborn son die under age) to his son residence in his great messuage, and John. lands in Essex, Leicestershire, North- Daniel Harvey, born at Folkestone, amptonshire, Dorset, the City of May 31, 1587, of Laurence Pountney London and his great messuage, among (where their place of business was), his sons. Mary had received £10,000 Combe in Croydon, and Lambeth. on her marriage with Sir William Married Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Whitmore of Apley Shropshire, and Kynnersley, merchant of London, by is not mentioned in the will. He left whom he had six children who died Langford and the Leicestershire prop- in infancy and the following who erty to Matthew, the Northampton- survived him: shire and Dorsetshire properties to Elizabeth, baptized April 19, 1627. William, and the remainder to Eliab. Mary, baptized September 3, 1629. His widow died in 1670. Daniel, baptized November 10, Michael Harvey, born at Folkestone, 1631. September 25, 1593, of Laurence Sarah, baptized September 8, 1636. Pountney and S. Helen’s, Bishopsgate. Daniel Harvey died September 10, Married (1) in 1630 Mary daughter of 1649. He left £1200 a year to his William Baker, Draper of London, widow, gave his daughters a portion who died s.p. 1631. (2) Mary, daughter of £7000 apiece, left legacies amount- of John Mellish, Merchant Taylor, ing to more than £5760 (among the by whom he had: legatees were Thomas Cullen and poor Michael, b. 1636. kindred on his father’s side), and lands William, b. 1638. in Kent, Suffolk, Rutlandshire, Lei- Mary, b. 1641. cestershire and Surrey to his son Michael was buried at S. Helen’s, Daniel. He mentions that he bought January 27, 1643. the land in Kent and Suffolk in his His widow married William Steele, own name and in that of his brethren. Recorder, of London, m.p., and Lord Elizabeth, his widow was buried at Chancellor of Ireland. Lambeth, May 7, 1655. Matthew Harvey was a twin brother Eliab Harvey, born at Folkestone, of Michael. He married Mary, daugh- February 26, 1590, of Laurence Pount- ter of Robert Hatley of London, and ney, Broad Street in S. Peter Ie of Barford, Beds, by Dorothy, daugh- Poor, Roehampton and Chigwell. ter of Griffith Hampden of Great Married in 1625, Mary, daughter of Hampden, Bucks. Francis West of London, gent., by He died at Croydon without sur- whom he had four children who died viving issue, December 21, 1642. He young and the following who survived left £300 a year to his widow, £700 him: in legacies, and £20 a year to William Eliab, baptized June 3, 1635. Foulke. Among the legatees are Wil- Mary, baptized November 15, 1637. liam, Thomas and Elizabeth Cullen, Matthew, baptized April, 1639. Mary Pratt (a Cullen by birth), William, baptized June 30, 1640. William Halke, “son of my uncle Richard Halke, now apprentice to patron of Pcpys, later created Earl my brother Daniel,” and the poor of of Sandwich, whose fleet brought the Folkestone and Croydon. He left lands King to England, while Elizabeth’s “in Surrey and elsewhere” to “my brother, Ned Montague, afterwards cousin,”* Daniel Harvey the younger, killed at Bergen, had for some time son of my brother Daniel.f been intriguing in the royal interest. Young Daniel was therefore in the vm. The Later Gener atio ns center of the royalist plots. He was elected m.p. for Surrey in the Con- The second generation of the Har- vention Parliament of 1660, and was veys was very different from the first. appointed High Sheriff of Surrey I have been unable to trace John, and Commissioner of the Surrey Mili- the son of Thomas, called John Har- tia. It is not, therefore, surprising vey of Antwerp. The name was that he and his cousin, young Eliab, common then; John Harvey of Ick- who also had married into a royalist worth was m.p. for Hythe in 1661, as family, the Whitmores of Shropshire, the former John Harvey had been were knighted by Charles on the first in 1640, and Receiver for Charles n’s day that he landed. Queen, and another John Harvey Young Daniel had come into pos- was Receiver General for Lincoln- session of Combe Nevill, an estate shire, the very office held by William’s lying just opposite Richmond Park brother John, but the former of these on Kingston Hill (to be distinguished men was certainly of a quite different from his father’s house Combe near family, and there is good reason to Croydon), which is stated in the suppose that the same is true of the Victoria County History of Surrey latter. John Harvey of Antwerp may to have been bought from Lord be the Mr. Harvey who lent Charles Cullen, Sir William Cokayne’s son, £500 and entertained him at Antwerp who ruined himself for Charles 1, by while in exile.40 He was living in Lord Montague of Boughton and 1670 for Eliab’s widow left him a others in 1650. Daniel perhaps ob- legacy. No will of his is to be found. tained it with his wife. It is curious Daniel’s son, young Daniel, mar- that old Eliab bought another Cok- ried before 1656 Elizabeth Montague, ayne property, Cokayne House in the daughter of Edward second Lord City. Montague of Boughton, and thus Daniel was a courtier, was made became connected with that family, Keeper of Richmond Park, and fought which having been Parliament men under Albemarle in the sea-fight of originally, played a leading part in 1666 against the Dutch. He appears the Restoration. One cousin was Ed- that year as a friend of the notorious ward Montague Earl of Manchester Castlemaines. Lady Castlemaine, the who had been a Parliamentary gen- most beautiful and the most shameless eral, another was Sir Edward Monta- of Charles’ mistresses, quarrelled with gue, the Parliamentary Admiral and him over a baby, Charles swearing it was not his, and she swearing that, * Note the use of cousin for nephew at that time. whether it was his or not, he should f My chief authority is W. J. Harvey, own it. She left Whitehall in a rage, “Genealogy of the family of Harvey.” and took up her residence with the Harveys, where the King made it up stantinople. During the Common- with her. But two years later the wealth Sir John had lived in Italy ladies quarrelled over an actress who and had been Professor of Anatomy at took off Lady Harvey on the stage Pisa. The anatomical preparations and was protected by Lady Castle- which we possess at the College of maine. It did not interrupt the friend- Physicians, though said by the donor, ship of the husbands, for when Daniel the tenth Earl of Winchilsea, to have sailed in 1668 to Constantinople as belonged to Harvey, were probably Ambassador, Lord Castlemaine went brought by Sir John from Italy. He with him for the trip. Daniel died and his lifelong friend Baynes were there in 1672, but when his widow admitted Extraordinary Fellows of claimed a grant to pay for transport- the College on February 26, 1660, “ob ing his remains to England the Levant praeclara Doct,s Harvoci, nobis nun- Company refused on the ground that quam sine honore nominandi, ejusque the deceased had not completed his fratris germani Eliabi, in Collegium contract to remain there for seven merita.” years. William and Eliab were parties to Ralph Montague, Lady Harvey’s the deed conveying Burmarsh to brother, was twice Ambassador at the College in 1652. Paris, married a rich widow, and Daniel’s next sister, Mary, evi- eventually succeeded in obtaining a dently by her portrait a beautiful dukedom. Lady Harvey herself re- woman, married Sir Edward Dering mained at Court, with a doubtful the second baronet of Surrcnden Der- reputation, acting in concert with ing. She was a musician and in 1655 Ralph in his intrigues, and joining Henry Lawes published a collection in the unsuccessful attempt to dis- of Ayres which he dedicated to her place the favorite Louise de Kerou- in the following terms: alle, Duchess of Portsmouth. Lady Madam, Harvey had some hand in the Royal I have considered, but could not find Tapestry works at Mortlake as Sack- it lay in my power to offer this book to ville Crowe writes to the Countess any but your Ladyship. Not only in of Rutland about some hangings the regard of that honour and esteem you manufacture of which “is now in your have for music but because those songs neece’s, the Lady Harvie’s hands.” which fill this book have received much The works were conveyed eventually lustre by your excellent performance of to Ralph Montague. Sir Daniel’s them, and (which I confess I rejoice to three sisters married well. Elizabeth speak of) some which I esteem the best married Heneage Finch, a good lawyer of these Ayres were of your own composi- and an honorable man who afterwards tion, after your noble husband was became Lord Chancellor and Earl of pleased to give the words. For, (although your ladyship resolved to keep it private) Nottingham. They seem by their I beg leave to declare for my own honour letters to have been an affectionate that you are not only excellent for the couple.43 time you spent in the practice of what I Heneage’s cousin, Lord Winchilsca, set, but are yourself so good a composer preceded, and Winchilsea’s younger that few of any sex have arrived to such brother, Sir John Finch, succeeded perfection. So as this book (at least a Sir Daniel in the Embassy at Con- part of it) is not dedicated but only brought home to your ladyship. And here at the tyme so as it could not be disposed I would say (could I doe it without sad- she did assent unto it, and her the very ness) how precious to my thoughts is day returning him his ring and dysclaim- the memory of your excellent mother ing it and never suffering him to come (that great example of Prudence and neare her, and her youth capable of being Charity), whose pious meditations were deceived, with the good friends her often advanced by hearing your voice. father made ... so far that after a I wish all prosperity to your Ladyship legal hearing in the Ecclesiastical Courts and to him who (like yourself) is made up (for they were not then quite put downe) of harmony to say nothing of the rest she was by sentence cleared, and—after of his high accomplishments of wisdom to be marryed to Sir Edward Dering and learning. May you both live long 1646 or 1647. Her friends and she told happy in each other when I become him all the fact and showed him her ashes, who while I am in this world sentence for being free under the seal of shall ever be found Madam the Court and they have lived very lov- Your ladyships humble admirer and ingly ever since. (She a good wife and a faithful Servant, means of advancing the *)family. Henry Lawes. The third sister, Sarah, married She was on affectionate terms with Lord Bulkeley, an Irish peer. her sister Elizabeth. There is a scanda- Sir Daniel’s eldest son Edward lous story about her in Hastcd’s succeeded to Combe Nevill, and sat “Kent,” which contains so many in several Parliaments up to 1715 flagrant errors that it is entirely when he was implicated in the Jaco- unworthy of credit. The true story is bite rising, and had to be bailed out of probably given by Sir Roger Twysden prison by his cousins.f There is a in his notebook.44 He knew Daniel story of him at the gaming table (in Harvey for he was imprisoned with De Foe’s tour through England and him in Lambeth House. Wales), and by the terms of his will he seems to have been on unpleasant Let no woman who hath any mis- terms with his children. He married fortune in any kind unfit for a wife, and three times, the first wife and mother after comes to bee marryed conceale it his from her husband, I myself have . . . of his children being cousin Eliza- the experience of it in a very good friend beth, daughter of young Eliab. He of mine Sir Edward Dering, who marryed died at Dunkirk in 1736. He had three Mss Mary Harvey, daughter of Danyell sons of whom the third, Michael, Harvey a merchant of London, and was alone survived him, and all died indeede contracted if not marryed to one without issue. The property was sold William Hauke her cousin and her on Michael’s death in 1748. father’s servant, one who had been his apprentice, but was now free, he in a * (Last sentence probably added later.) morning going through CoImans Streete I can find no marriage records of this date at Somerset House. with her got her very young into the f The Editor of the sixth Edition of church and did with a ring marry her Guillim, 1724, after giving the coat says about 1645, ancl caused it to be registered “is now born (Sic) by—Harvey of Combe in the book of marryages of the parish: Nevill in Surrey Esq.; son and heir of Sir she was in this to bee excused because Daniel Harvey etc.” As his Christian name hee assured her he had her father’s was not known it seems probable that he was consent . . . but her speaking very softly then living abroad. Sir Daniel’s second son, Daniel, she seems by a previous betrothal to owned Leiston, was a soldier under have been only twelve and one-half Marlborough and also a Member of years old, to the eldest son Eliab, who Parliament. He became General in died in June, 1681. The marriage had 1709 and Lieut. Governor of Guernsey not been consummated, and on that in 1714. He married a connection, fact being proved, a license was Ann, the only daughter of Ralph, obtained and she was married to the Duke of Montague, and died without next son William in September, 1681. issue in 1732, though his wife seems She was an heiress. William sat in to have had a daughter, Frances, by a several Parliaments and died in 1731. previous husband. Another son of Sir Eliab, Matthew, The sons of Michael were William was page to William 111 and a soldier, of Wyke Manor and Michael of dying in 1693. Sir Eliab’s daughter Clifton Mabank. The former, a god- Elizabeth married her cousin Edward son of Harvey’s, died in 1685 of of Combe Nevill. wounds received fighting for James 11 Sir Eliab’s two brothers Matthew at Bridport. The latter sat in eight and William both died childless. Parliaments, and died in 1712, without The line continued, living at Rolls issue, like his brother, leaving the Park, and holding the other Essex Dorset property to Michael, then properties, Hempstead being always a vounger son of Edward of Combe the family burial place. A soldier, NeviH. Edward, (1718-1778) who was Lieut. The Eliab branch lasted longer. Sir General and Governor of Portsmouth, Eliab remained in business and in appears two or three times as Ned 1672 was nominated, though not Harvey in Walpole’s Letters. In 1779 elected, for Governor of the Levant the Estate fell, by the death of an Company. His two brothers were also elder brother, into the hands of the Members of the Company. He was last Sir Eliab, then a midshipman. frequently a Member of Parliament, Walpole tells the story of his losing was a Member of many Committees, £90,000 to an Irish gamester, called and in 1680 was in Opposition de- O’Birne, who took £10,000, and gave manding safeguards in return for him the chance of a double or quits supplies.45 He enlarged Rolls Park, for the rest, which Eliab won. At and was made Keeper of the King’s Trafalgar he commanded the Temer- game in that part of Epping Forest. aire, which was Nelson’s supporting He founded a grammar school at ship, and behaved with great bravery. Folkestone and died in 1699. He But in 1809 he was in the Brest married Dorothy Whitmore, his sister squadron under Lord Gambier, a Mary married Dorothy’s brother, Sir pious man but a cowardly admiral, William, and his brother Matthew who distributed tracts with more zeal married the widow of another Whit- than he showed against the enemy. more, a very beautiful woman whose They had a French squadron cooped portrait is at Hampton Court. up in the Basque Roads, off Rochelle, An unusual event occurred in his and his captains implored him, as it family. Two of his sons married the was impossible to attack directly, to same girl, Dorothy Dycer. She was send fireships into them. He refused. married November 23, 1680, when The Admiralty made the same request. He still did nothing. On this son. The eldest daughter married a the Admiralty finding Cochran in Lloyd of Shropshire, and Rolls Park London consulted him, and he, then a descended to Lt. Gen. Sir Francis Captain, was sent out with definite Lloyd, g .c .v .o ., k .c .b ., who died orders that he was to be entrusted without issue in 1923, and whose with the operation. This naturally widow still lives there. The other was gall and wormwood to the officers estates were divided among the re- on the spot, and justly ascribing it to maining daughters. No one of this Gambier’s failure in duty that they family, bearing the name of Harvey, were supplanted by Cochran and now *survives. deprived of the chance of glory, they murmured greatly. Harvey did a Note : I have to thank Mrs. Dorothy great deal more than murmur, and Wilson for the help she has given me Cochran in vain urged him to be more throughout. I believe her interest was prudent. His language resulted in a first engaged by finding that her father court martial by which he was dis- lived on the old Combe Nevill estate. missed from the service for insulting She has copied all the Harvey Wills, and his superior officer. But that the rights has constantly helped me in searching for of the case were appreciated is shown original sources. It is to her sharp eyes by his reinstatement a year later to that we owe the recovery of a portrait of his former rank. He died in 1830, Harvey hitherto unknown to the public, Admiral of the Blue and g .c .b . He and most of the photographs of the Har- married Lady Louisa Nugent, and vey homes were made by her during a left a family of five daughters but no drive we took in the summer of 1929.

Refe renc es

1. Harin gto n , Sir J. Nugae antiquae. Ed. 11. Mullin ger , J. Bass . University of Cam- by H. Harrington. London, Wright, bridge. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1911, 1804, 1: 105. 3:397. 2. Venn , J. Gonville and Caius College. 12. Moo re , N. History of St. Bartholomew’s Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, Hospital. London, Pearson, 1918. 1901, 3: 271. 13. British Musuem. Add. Mss. 36767. f. 49. hes ter , J. L. London Marriage 3. Mullin ger , J. Bas s . University of Cam- 14. C Li- censes. Ed. by J. Foster. London, bridge. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1884, Quaritch, 1887. 1:583. 15. Moo re , N. Loc . cit., p. 461. 4. Leve r , T. Sermons. Ed. by E. Arber. 16. Powe r , Sir D’A. William Harvey. Lon- Westminster, Constable, 1895, p. 122. don, Unwin, 1898, p. 35. 5. Barlo w , T. Harveian Oration. Brit. M. 17. Moore , N. Loc . Cit., note. J., 2: 577, 1916. 18. British Museum Harleian Mss. 6987. 6. Coop er , C. H. Annals of Cambridge. Given by Dr. Mead. Cambridge, Warwick, 1842. 19. Hist. Mss. Comm. 13th Report. Appen- 7. Wood , A. Athenae Oxonienses. Ed. by dix. Part vii, Mss. of Earl of Lonsdale. Bliss. London, Rivington, 1813. London, H. M. Stationery Office, 1893, 8. Venn , J. Annals of Gonville and Caius p. 5. College. London, Bell, 1904. 20. Moore , N. Loc . cit., vol. 2, p. 464 et seq. 9. Mall et , C. E. A History of the Uni- * My authorities for this chapter are W. versity of Oxford. London, Methuen, J. Harvey’s, “Genealogy,” the wills of the 1924, 1: 193, note. various members of the family, and Cochran’s 10. Mallet , C. E. Ibid., vol. 2, p. 85. autobiography. 21. Register of Council. Vol. 36, f. 74. Record Dedicatory Epistle to Earl of Devon, Office, and Annals of the College of p. 8. Physicians. 34. Harve y , W. De Generatione. London, 22. Col umbu s , R. De Re Anatomica. Bevi- Pulleyn, 1651, chap. xli x . Iacqua, Venice, 1559. 35. Democritus Junior (Burton R.) Anatomy 23. British Museum. Add. Mss. 18980. f. 125. of Melancholy. Ed. 4, undated. Oxford, 24. Lloy d , D. Memoires of the Lives etc. Cripps, Part I, Sec. 2, Membr. 3, of those excellent personages who suf- Subs. 15. fered etc. London, Speed, 1668. 36. Graunt , J. Bills of Mortality. London, 25. Huxl ey , T. H. Article on Evolution in Millar, 1759. Encyclopedia Britannica, Ed. 9, Edin- 37. Harv ey , W. J. Genealogy of the Family burgh, Black, 1879. of Harvey. London, Mitchell and 26. Aveli ng , J. H. Memorials of Harvey. Hughes, 1889. London, Churchill, 1875. 38. Harleian Society’s Publications. London, 27. Moo re , N. Illness and Death of Henry 1880, vol. 15. Prince of Wales. London, Adlard, 1882. 39. Register of Council. Record Office. Charles 28. Osbo rne , D. Letters. Ed. by Moore 1. Vol. 2, Part 2. Smith. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1928. 40. Clar end on , E. Life. Oxford, Clarendon 29. Herv ey , M. F. S. Life of Thomas Howard Press, 1827, 1: 24. Earl of Arundel. Cambridge, Cam- 41. Hist. Mss. Comm. 12th Report. Appen- bridge Univ. Press, 1921. dix, Part 11, p. 307. Coke Mss. H. M. 30. Jones , I. The most notable antiquity of Stationery Office, London, 1888. Great Britain. London, Browne, 1725. 42. Harleian Society’s Publications. Famil. The passage is in the “Vindication,” Minor. Gentium, London, 1895, vol. 37. pp. 118, 121. 43. Hist. Mss. Comm. Finch Mss. H. M. 31. Brit. Mus. Add. Mss. 15390 Letter of Stationery Office, London, 1922. Jan. 5, 1637. 44. British Museum. Add. Mss. 34, 164, f. 32. Harve y , W. De Generatione. English 95 b. Translation. London, Pulleyn, Ex. 45. Hist. Mss. Comm. 12th Report. Part 9. lxv iii , 1653. Beaufort Mss. A Diary of Parliament. 33. Hobb es . English Works. Ed. by Moles- H. M. Stationery Office, London, 1891. worth, London, Bohn, 1839, vol. 1. [The End]