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Volume 31 / No. 5-8 / 2009 The Journal of The Journal of Gemmology2009 / Volume 31 / Nos. 5–8 Gemmology2009 / Volume 31 / Nos. 5–8 The Journal of Gemmology Contents - 2009 / Volume 31 / Nos. 5–8 pp 153–328 31 - 2009 / Volume 153 A signature for nephrite jade using its 211 Dickite: a gem material for carving strontium isotopic composition: from Thailand some Pacific Rim examples S. Saminpanya, C. Dharmgrongartama and C.J. Adams and R.J. Beck N. Susawee 163 Jaspilite — the gemstone of Ukraine 226 Application of mineralogical methods P. Baranov, S. Shevchenko, W. Heflik, to the investigation of some L. Natkaniec-Nowak and M. Dumańska- gem-quality corals Słowik L. Natkaniec-Nowak, M. Dumańska-Słowik, J. Fijał and A. Krawczyk 171 Ruby and sapphire from Marosely, Madagascar 235 Colour-change garnets from Madagascar: L.E. Cartier variation of chemical, spectroscopic and colorimetric properties 181 Identification of dyed jadeite K. Schmetzer, H.-J. Bernhardt, G. Bosshart using visible reflection spectra and T. Hainschwang Yan Liu, Taijin Lu, Manjun Wang, Hua Chen, Meidong Shen, Jie Ke and Beili Zhang 283 The characteristics of red andesine from the Himalaya Highland, Tibet 185 Jadeite jade from Myanmar: its texture and A. Abduriyim gemmological implications Guanghai Shi, Xia Wang, Bingbing Chu 300 Abstracts and Wenyuan Cui 310 Book Reviews 196 A description and history of one of the largest nacreous pearls in the world 312 Proceedings of The Gemmological J.C. Zwaan and H.A. Dommisse Association of Great Britain and Notices 203 Geographic typing of gem corundum: 328 Gem-A Events 2010 a test case from Australia F.L. Sutherland and A. Abduriyim Cover Picture: A large nacreous pearl (estimated weight 2385 grains) surrounded by golden ‘stamens’ decorated with ruby, sapphire and emerald beads, and mounted on a pedestal of lapis lazuli. Photo © Amsterdam Pearl Society. (See A description and history of one of the largest nacreous pearls in the world, page 196.) The Gemmological Association of Great Britain 27 Greville Street, London EC1N 8TN T: +44 (0)20 7404 3334 F: +44 (0)20 7404 8843 E: [email protected] W: www.gem-a.com Cert no. TT-COC-002454 ©2004 Gemmological Association and Gem Testing Laboratory of Great Britain Copyright © 2009 Designed and printed by DG3 (Europe) Ltd ISSN: 1355-4565 The Gemmological Association of Great Britain The Journal of Gemmology / 2009 / Volume 31 / No. 5–8 The Gemmological Association THE GEMMOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF GREAT BRITAIN of Great Britain 27 Greville Street, London EC1N 8TN Supercharge your career T: +44 (0)20 7404 3334 F: +44 (0)20 7404 8843 E: [email protected] W: www.gem-a.com Registered Charity No. 1109555 Registered office: Palladium House, 1-4 Argyll Street, London W1F 7LD New Open Distance Learning President: Prof. A.H. Rankin Courses in Gemmology Vice-Presidents: N.W. Deeks, R.A. Howie, E.A. Jobbins, M.J. O'Donoghue enrolling now Honorary Fellows: R.A. Howie, K. Nassau Honorary Life Members: H. Bank, D.J. Callaghan, T.M.J. Davidson, J.S. Harris, E.A. Jobbins, J.I. Koivula, M.J. O'Donoghue, C.M. Ou Yang, I. Thomson, V.P. Watson, C.H. Winter Chief Executive Officer: J.M. Ogden Council: J. Riley – Chairman, A.T. Collins, S. Collins, B. Jackson, C.J.E. Oldershaw, E. Stern, J.F. Williams Members’ Audit Committee: A.J. Allnutt, P. Dwyer-Hickey, J. Greatwood, G.M. Green, B. Jackson, J. Kalischer, Branch Chairmen: Midlands – P. Phillips, North East – M. Houghton, North West – J. Riley, Scottish – B. Jackson, South East – V. Wetten, South West – R.M. Slater A strong knowledge of gemstones and diamonds will increase customer confidence and boost your sales. Gain that knowledge by studying with the world’s longest established educator in gemmology. Graduates may The Journal of Gemmology apply for Fellowship of the Association enabling them to use the initials FGA after their name. Study gemmology from your own home or workplace with comprehensive course notes, and online coursework Editor: Dr R.R. Harding and study groups*. You will also receive a selection of instruments and stones to help you with your studies. Assistant Editor: M.J. O’Donoghue Additional instruments and books can be purchased from Gem-A’s extensive range. Associate Editors: Dr A.J. Allnutt (Chislehurst), Dr C.E.S. Arps (Leiden), G. Bosshart (Horgen), * Access to a computer with an internet connection essential. Prof. A.T. Collins (London), J. Finlayson (Stoke on Trent), Dr J.W. Harris (Glasgow), Prof. R.A. Howie (Derbyshire), E.A. Jobbins (Caterham), Dr J.M. Ogden (London), Foundation Certificate in Gemmology Prof. A.H. Rankin (Kingston upon Thames), Dr K. Schmetzer (Petershausen), Dr J.E. Shigley Start date: 15 March 2010 (nine-month programme) (Carlsbad), Prof. D.C. Smith (Paris), E. Stern (London), Prof. I. Sunagawa (Tokyo), Course fees: £1500 (or £1800 to include the London practical workshop) payable in instalments Dr M. Superchi (Milan) (open only to Foundation Certificate holders) Production Editor: M.A. Burland Diploma in Gemmology Start date: 15 March 2010 (nine-month programme) The Editor is glad to consider original articles shedding new light on subjects of gemmological interest for publication Course fees: £1695 (or £2295 to include the London practical workshop) payable in instalments in The Journal of Gemmology. A Guide to the preparation of typescripts for publication in The Journal is given on our website, or contact the Production Editor at the Gemmological Association of Great Britain. Full details at www.gem-a.com/education.aspx or call 020 7404 3334 Any opinions expressed in The Journal of Gemmology are understood to be the views of the contributors and not necessarily of the publishers. The Gemmological Association of Great Britain 27 Greville Street (Saffron Hill entrance), London EC1N 8TN tel: 020 7404 3334 fax: 020 7404 8843 email: [email protected] UK Registered Charity No. 1109555 ©2009 Gemmological Association of Great Britain The Journal of Gemmology / 2009 / Volume 31 / No. 5–8 A signature for nephrite jade using its strontium isotopic composition: some Pacific Rim examples Dr Christopher J. Adams and Russell J. Beck FGA Abstract: Geochronological and radiogenic isotope studies of nephrite jade are reviewed, with particular reference to its paragenesis and as an aid to identifying and characterizing various sources around the Pacific Rim. Detailed studies of nephrites within several ‘fields’ in New Zealand, which fall within distinct geological terranes and within metamorphic belts of differing ages, clearly demonstrate the inheritance of nephrite strontium isotope compositions from their host rocks during metamorphism and metasomatism. The applications and interpretations developed from this approach are also shown to hold for preliminary analyses of nephrite in other localities around the Pacific Rim, in New Caledonia, Australia, Taiwan, Russia and Canada. Keywords: jade, nephrite, Rb-Sr age, strontium isotopes Introduction not occur naturally. Not surprisingly, toughness arises from the development considerable interest exists among of an interwoven ‘felted’ fabric of the Jade is a gemstone associated with archaeologists and anthropologists in tremolite crystals. This toughness can vary ultramafic rocks in ophiolite complexes tracking jade artefacts from place to place slightly with direction of the felted fabric. and occasionally in metamorphosed and establishing their original source, using The lustrous shades of green provide the dolomites (Harlow and Sorensen, 2005). It mineralogical or chemical characteristics. great beauties of jade and, together with is an almost monomineralic rock, occurring Unfortunately, such jade ‘signatures’ some mesoscopic markings (mm-scale), as a tremolite-amphibole type, nephrite (or may not be completely distinctive, and are the most memorable characteristic. nephrite jade) or a pyroxene-type, jadeitite here we discuss an alternative technique The specialist can easily recognize (or jadeite jade). Although rare, deposits using radiogenic isotopic ratio patterns, distinctive features in jades from different of nephrite jade are present around the as applied to nephrite jades from several sources around the world, for example in world and especially in countries of the Pacific Rim sources. terms of texture, colour and inclusions, Pacific Rim (New Zealand, Australia, New but doubts may remain that such features Caledonia, China, Korea, Japan, Russia are not entirely diagnostic (see a range (Siberia), USA (Alaska and California) and Characteristics of nephrite of nephrites in Figure 2). Attempts to Canada (British Columbia)) (Figure 1). jade quantify these features more have included Almost every culture in these countries Nephrite jade usually comprises Mossbauer spectroscopy (Wilkins et al., prized jade for its beauty and durability, >99% microcrystalline amphibole of the 2003), major element composition and and so it was frequently traded or carried tremolite-actinolite series, with the highest quality types close to tremolite [Ca (Mg,Fe) trace element analysis (Nichol, 2000). All between them, and into Pacific Ocean 2 5 Si O (OH) ]. It is only moderately hard these approaches encounter the same islands where jade most probably does 8 22 2 (6–6.5), but exceedingly tough, and this problem that the principal jade component ©2009 Gemmological Association of Great Britain Page 153 The Journal of Gemmology / 2009 / Volume 31 / No. 5–8 A signature for nephrite jade using its strontium isotopic composition: some Pacific Rim examples USA Kobuk RUSSIA (Alaska) (Siberia) Cassiar CANADA
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