DOCSLIB.ORG

Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth UNCTAD UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT Tourism – in terms of its contribution to gross domestic product, employment and trade – is an important sector in many African economies, and its growth is ECONOMIC increasingly driven by tourists originating from the continent itself. However, most DEVELOPMENT IN African countries still face significant challenges and constraints in exploiting the potential of tourism services in trade and economic development. The Economic Development in Africa Report 2017: Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth examines the role that tourism can play in Africa’s development process. 2017 AFRICA REPORT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN It identifies the main barriers to unlocking the potential of tourism in Africa to help structurally transform the continent’s economy and provides policy recommendations on how to overcome them. In sum, tourism can be an engine for inclusive growth and a complement to development strategies aimed at REPORT 2017 fostering economic diversification and structural transformation within an appropriate policy context. unctad.org/Africa/series Tourism “On the occasion of the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development, this insightful and timely report highlights the importance for Transformative of the tourism sector in Africa, and proposes clear policies on how and Inclusive Growth to better harness such potential and build a better and more inclusive future for Africa and its people.” Taleb Rifai, Secretary-General, World Tourism Organization “This important report on tourism, inclusive growth and regional integration is essential reading for policymakers, academics and tourism practitioners concerned with job creation and the future of economic and social development in Africa.” Christian M. Rogerson, Professor, School of Tourism and Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Printed at United Nations, Geneva ISBN 978-92-1-112910-6 1700000 (E)–April 2017–3,921 UNITED NATIONS UNCTAD/ALDC/AFRICA/2017 United Nations publication Sales No. E.17.II.D.2 ISSN 1990-5114 “For millions of Africans, tourism is a lifeline – its potential for driving transformative and inclusive growth must be harnessed.” Mukhisa Kituyi Secretary-General, UNCTAD UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT Economic Development in Africa Report 2017 Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth New York and Geneva, 2017 Economic Development in Africa Report 2017 Note The designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designation employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Any references to dollars ($) are to United States dollars. Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint to be sent to the UNCTAD secretariat. Regional classifications used in this report Eastern Africa Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe Middle Africa Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe Northern Africa Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia Southern Africa Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland Western Africa Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo UNCTAD/ALDC/AFRICA/2017 United Nations Publication Sales No E.17.II.D.2 ISBN 978-92-1-112910-6 eISBN 978-92-1-060368-3 ISSN 1990-5114 ii Copyright © United Nations, 2017 All rights reserved Tourism for transformative and inclusive growth Acknowledgements The Economic Development in Africa Report 2017: Tourism for Transformative and Inclusive Growth was prepared by Junior Roy Davis (team leader), Jane Muthumbi, Claudia Roethlisberger and Olivia Shillabeer. The work was completed under the overall supervision of Paul Akiwumi, Director, Division for Africa, Least Developed Countries and Special Programmes. An ad hoc expert group meeting on tourism as a means of achieving transformative and inclusive growth was held in Geneva, Switzerland, on 19 and 20 January 2017 to conduct a peer review of the report. The meeting brought together specialists in African tourism and economic development. The following people participated in the meeting and contributed to the report: Dirk Bezemer, Professor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Global Economics and Management, University of Groningen; Dale Honeck, Counsellor, Trade in Services and Investment Division, World Trade Organization; Andrew Mold, Officer-in-Charge and Geoffrey Manyara, Economic Affairs Officer, Subregional Office, Eastern Africa, Economic Commission for Africa; Carmen Nibigira, Regional Coordinator, East Africa Tourism Platform; Christian Rogerson, Professor, School of Tourism and Hospitality, Faculty of Management, University of Johannesburg; Ester Rubio, Integrated Trade Intelligence Portal Coordinator, World Trade Organization; Zoritsa Urosevic, Representative of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) to the United Nations at Geneva; William Davis, Economic Affairs Officer, Economic Commission for Africa; and Faiçal Belaid, PhD student in international economics, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva. Members of the Economic Development in Africa Report team also attended the meeting. The following staff members took part in and/or made comments on the draft: Diana Barrowclough, Hassiba Benamara, Lisa Borgatti, Elissa Braunstein, Milasoa Cherel- Robson, Mussie Delelegn, Samuel Gayi, Martine Julsaint-Kidane, Nicole Moussa, Patrick Nwokedi Osakwe, Amelia Santos-Paulino, Carolina Quintana, Astrit Sulstarova, Antipas Touatam, Rolf Traeger, Giovanni Valensisi, Guillermo Valles, David Woodward, Frida Youssef, Anida Yupari and Simonetta Zarrilli. Agnès Collardeau-Angleys provided statistical assistance; Stefanie West provided secretarial support; Sophie Combette designed the cover; Deniz Barki and Lucy Délèze-Black edited the report; and Madasamyraja Rajalingam, in collaboration with Nadège Hadjémian, was responsible for the layout, graphics and desktop publishing. iii Tourism for transformative and inclusive growth Table of Contents Abbreviations ix Glossary x INTRODUCTION Tourism for transformative and inclusive growth 1 CHAPTER 1 The tourism sector in Africa: Stylized facts 9 1.1 Definitions 11 1.2 Key characteristics of the tourism sector in Africa 12 1.3 Tourism in national development plans 34 1.3.1 Mapping African tourism policy at the national level 34 CHAPTER 2 Fostering structural transformation through tourism 39 2.1 Structural transformation and the growth of tourism 41 2.2 The role of intersectoral linkages in structural transformation 43 2.2.1 Linkages and their importance 44 2.2.2 Value addition in the tourism value chain 45 2.2.3 Strengthening intersectoral linkages 56 2.2.4 Developing key tourism market segments 63 2.3 Conclusions 75 CHAPTER 3 Tourism and inclusive growth 79 3.1 Vulnerability and inclusive growth 81 3.2 Tourism and poverty alleviation 82 3.3 Youth and tourism 85 3.3.1 Youth and employment 85 3.3.2 Enabling youth to participate in the tourism sector 88 3.4 Women, gender and tourism 89 3.4.1 Role of women and gender in African tourism policies 89 3.4.2 Female labour participation in tourism 89 3.4.3 Gender considerations in tourism employment 90 3.4.4 Enriching tourism through higher female participation 95 3.5 Conclusions 97 v Economic Development in Africa Report 2017 CHAPTER 4 Increasing intraregional tourism by deepening regional integration 99 4.1 Continental tourism 101 4.2 The case for intraregional tourism 105 4.3 Intraregional tourism: Scope and potential 106 4.4 The role of regional integration in promoting intraregional tourism 114 4.4.1 Free movement of persons 115 4.4.2 Tourism policy at the regional and pan-African levels 124 4.4.3 Currency convertibility 129 4.4.4 Air transport 136 4.5 Conclusions 141 CHAPTER 5 Tourism, peace and development in Africa 145 5.1 Tourism can be a driver for peace 147 5.2 Measuring peacefulness in Africa 148 5.3 Political unrest and conflict significantly harm the tourism sector 149 5.4 Effects of tourism on peace in Africa 151 5.5 Tourism can help sustain peace after conflict 155 5.6 Negative perceptions of the continent should be managed if tourism is to flourish 158 5.7 Policies can play a role in creating a virtuous circle of peace and the development of tourism 160 CHAPTER 6 Main messages and recommendations 163 6.1 Main findings 165 6.2 Main policy recommendations 169 REFERENCES 175 BOXES 1. The impact of Ebola on tourism in Africa 31 2. Structural transformation in Mauritius 44 3. The development of infrastructure in Rwanda 64 4. Medical tourism in Tunisia 73 5. Intraregional tourism in the ECOWAS 113 6. Data and methodology 156 vi Tourism for transformative
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Policy Brief Policy Brief October 2018, PB-18/33
    OCP Policy Center Policy Brief Policy Brief October 2018, PB-18/33 Employment Creation in Non-Agricultural Sectors As agriculture becomes more productive, it must shed labor, which unless absorbed in non-farm jobs that pay at least as well as agriculture, would simply constitute exporting farm poverty to other sectors. By Isabelle Tsakok Summary Adequate employment creation is a concern of every government. However, for agriculture-dependent countries whose agricultures are being transformed, the need to generate non-farm employment is particularly urgent as higher productivity agriculture will shed labor that must find productive employment in the non-farm economy. How have governments in developing countries, burdened with extensive underemployment, particularly of youth, effectively addressed this stiff challenge? This policy brief is about how the governments of Rwanda, Vietnam, and Mauritius have effectively addressed this problem. Though the specific measures taken were different, their experiences were similar in three key respects: • They focused on raising agricultural productivity growth and on diversifying agriculture; • They went beyond agriculture to create a supportive macro and trade framework; and • The employment challenge, even if successfully addressed for a period, never really diminishes. They have to continue to address new threats and opportunities as these emerge. The central message is to solve the problem of adequately creating non-farm employment, in economies where agriculture is still important (AG/GDP is 10 percent or more), sustained agricultural productivity growth is necessary but not sufficient. Too many developing countries striving to reduce extensive poverty and underemployment have found out that, first, they cannot bypass sustained growth in agricultural productivity;1 and second, that sustained agricultural productivity growth is, however, not sufficient.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Ecotourism in the Village of Khiriwong And
    1 SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM IN THE VILLAGE OF KHIRIWONG AND THE KHAO LUANG NATIONAL PARK, THAILAND by Kitsada Tungchawal A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree With a Major in Hospitality and Tourism Approved: 6 Semester Credits Leland L. Nicholls, Ph.D. Thesis Advisor Thesis Committee Members: Bob Davies, Ed.S. Kenneth Parejko, Ph.D. The Graduate College University of Wisconsin-Stout January, 2001 2 The Graduate College University of Wisconsin-Stout Menomonie, WI 54751 ABSTRACT Tungchawal Kitsada (Writer) (Last Name) (First) Sustainable Ecotourism in the Village of Khiriwong and the Khao Luang National Park, Thailand (Title) Hospitality and Tourism Leland L. Nicholls, Ph.D. January, 2001 216 (Graduate Major) (Research Advisor) (Month/Year) (No. of Pages) American Psychological Association (APA) Publication Manual (Name of Style Manual Used in this study) Sustainable ecotourism is often considered to be effective for supporting the local communities’ economy and promoting the conservation of protected areas in developing countries. By establishing economic benefits for impoverished villagers or their communities, sustainable ecotourism is utilized to encourage local guardianship of natural resources. To assess sustainable ecotourism’s impact on the revenue of local residents in the Village of Khiriwong and the Khao Luang National Park, and its effects on the environmental preservation of the Khao Luang National Park in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, the researcher randomly conducted surveys of the visitors’ attitudes about rewarding experiences during their village and park visits. Biologists and Ecologists were interviewed about sustainable ecotourism’s role in supporting environmental preservation in the village and national park.
    [Show full text]
  • Carlow College
    - . - · 1 ~. .. { ~l natp C u l,•< J 1 Journal of the Old Carlow Society 1992/1993 lrisleabhar Chumann Seanda Chatharlocha £1 ' ! SERVING THE CHURCH FOR 200 YEARS ! £'~,~~~~::~ai:~:,~ ---~~'-~:~~~ic~~~"'- -· =-~ : -_- _ ~--~~~- _-=:-- ·.. ~. SPONSORS ROYAL HOTEL- 9-13 DUBLIN STREET ~ P,•«•11.il H,,rd ,,,- Qua/in- O'NEILL & CO. ACCOUNTANTS _;, R-.. -~ ~ 'I?!~ I.-: _,;,r.',". ~ h,i14 t. t'r" rhr,•c Con(crcncc Roonts. TRAYNOR HOUSE, COLLEGE STREET, CARLOW U • • i.h,r,;:, F:..n~ r;,,n_,. f)lfmt·r DL1nccs. PT'i,·atc Parties. Phone:0503/41260 F."-.l S,:r.cJ .-\II Da,. Phone 0503/31621. t:D. HAUGHNEY & SON, LTD. Jewellers, ·n~I, Fashion Boutique, Fuel Merchant. Authorised Ergas Stockist ·~ff 62-63 DUBLIN ST., CARLOW POLLERTON ROAD, CARLOW. Phone 0503/31367 OF CARLOW Phone:0503/31346 CIGAR DIVAN TULL Y'S TRAVEL AGENCY Newsagent, Confectioner, Tobacconist, etc. TULLOW STREET, CARLOW DUBLIN STREET, CARLOW Phone:0503/31257 Bring your friends to a musical evening in Carlow's unique GACH RATH AR CARLOVIANA Music Lounge each Saturday and Sunday. Phone: 0503/27159. ST. MARY'S ACADEMY, SMYTHS of NEWTOWN CARLOW SINCE 1815 DEERPARK SERVICE STATION MICHAEL DOYLE Builders Providers, General Hardware Tyre Service and Accessories 'THE SHAMROCK", 71 TULLOW STREET, CARLOW DUBLIN ROAD, CARLOW. Phone 0503/31414 Phone:0503/31847 THOMAS F. KEHOE SEVEN OAKS HOTEL Specialist Livestock Auctioneer and Valuer, Far, Sales and Lettings,. Property and Est e Agent. Dinner Dances * Wedding Receptions * Private Parties Agent for the Irish Civil Ser- ce Building Society. Conferences * Luxury Lounge 57 DUBLIN STREET, CARLOW. Telephone 0503/31678, 31963.
    [Show full text]
  • A Periodisation of Globalisation According to the Mauritian Integration Into the International Sugar Commodity Chain (1825-2005)1
    AA ppeerriiooddiissaattiioonn ooff gglloobbaalliissaattiioonn aaccccoorrddiinngg ttoo tthhee MMaauurriittiiaann iinntteeggrraattiioonn iinnttoo tthhee iinntteerrnnaattiioonnaall ssuuggaarr ccoommmmooddiittyy cchhaaiinn ((11882255--22000055)) PPaattrriicckk NNeevveelliinngg University of Berne May 2012 Copyright © Patrick Neveling, 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing of the publisher nor be issued to the public or circulated in any form other than that in which it is published. Requests for permission to reproduce any part of this Working Paper should be sent to: The Editor, Commodities of Empire Project, The Ferguson Centre for African and Asian Studies, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA Commodities of Empire Working Paper No.18 ISSN: 1756-0098 A periodisation of globalisation according to the Mauritian integration into the international sugar commodity chain (1825-2005)1 Patrick Neveling (University of Berne) This paper shows that the analysis of commodity chains (CC) can be fruitfully employed to respond to recent calls in the field of global/world history for a periodisation of globalisation. 2 The CC approach is ideally suited for advancing global historians’ understanding of the way that particular places are positioned within a changing capitalist world system. This is important because it is this capitalist world system that ultimately defines globalisation in a particular place and therefore also the periodisation of globalisation. The place to be studied in this paper is Mauritius, a small island in the Western Indian Ocean that has a very particular history of colonial and postcolonial integration into the capitalist world system.
    [Show full text]
  • Rwanda Case Study on Economic Transformation
    Institute of Policy Analysis and Research – Rwanda (IPAR) Report for the African Centre for Economic Transformation (ACET) Dickson Malunda and Serge Musana RWANDA CASE STUDY ON ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION Copyright: Institute of Policy Analysis and Research – Rwanda (IPAR) Year: 2012 Place of Publication: Kigali, Rwanda 1 Acknowledgement We would like to thank government institutions and agencies from which we have obtained data and information we have used in writing this report. We would also thank the IPAR team members, especially Professor Pamela Abbott, for valuable comments and inputs given in shaping this report. Lastly we would like to thank Francesca for proof-reading the report. This study was financed by the Africa Center for Economic Transformation (ACET). We remain responsible for the content of the report. No omissions or areas should be attributed to anyone who provided information for the project. The opinions expressed in the report are ours and should not be attributed to the funding agencies who may not necessarily share them. 2 Acronyms ADB African Development Bank EAC East African Community EDPRS Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy EPZ Export Commodity Processing Zone European Union European Union FEZ Free Economic Zone FTZ Free Trade Zone GOR Government of Rwanda GTZ German Technical Cooperation IMF International Monetary Fund NBR National Bank of Rwanda RDB Rwanda Development Board RRA Rwanda Revenue Authority UNCTD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development VAT Value Added Tax 3 Table of Contents
    [Show full text]
  • 1: Manumission and Freedom in Early British Mauritius, 1811–1839
    4 ‘Fit for Freedom’1: Manumission and Freedom in Early British Mauritius, 1811–1839 Satyendra Peerthum …it was often possible for the slave [and apprentice], by great perseverance and labour to purchase his own freedom and, this being accomplished the freedom of those dear to him.2 The slaves, however, were not prepared to wait for freedom to come to them as a dispensation from above….They were fully impressed with the belief that they were entitled to their freedom and that the cause they had embraced was just and in vindication of their own rights.3 Introduction The objective of this chapter is to explore the experience of slaves during the Slave Amelioration Period and of apprentices during the Apprenticeship era in Mauritius. It focuses on slaves’ and apprentices’ attempts to free themselves through manumission, their motives and the methods used to achieve this between 1829 and 1839. The aim is to show that slaves did not wait for the official abolition of slavery by the British government to attempt to change their servile status and instead used innovative attempts to improve their lives. As stated by Saunders for South Africa: Historians of slavery…may lay too great a stress on the great day of freedom…or the more important day four years later. Freedom had come to many individuals long before either of those dates … Individually and collectively they moved from effective slavery to ‘freedom’ before emancipation day dawned for the slaves.4 The slaves’ and apprentices’ attempts at manumission were interpreted in a number of ways by colonial officials and local colonists, and thus this chapter will 70 Transition from Slavery in Zanzibar and Mauritius also seek to extract all available information from sources to try to understand the world view of the slaves as this is rarely seen or stated explicitly in the sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Africa Tourism Monitor
    Africa Tourism Monitor VOLUME 1 · ISSUE 1 SEPTEMBER 2013 Designations employed in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the African Development Bank Group (AfDB), the Africa House at NYU and the Africa Travel Association concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or the delimitation of its frontiers. While effort has been made to present reliable information, the three organiza- tions accept no responsibility whatsoever for any consequences of its use. Statistics Department New York University-Africa House Africa Travel Association Chief Economist Complex New York University 152 Madison Avenue, Suite 1702 African Development Bank Group 44 Washington Mews New York, NY, 10016, USA Temporary Relocation Agency (TRA) New York, NY, 10003, USA Tel: +1- 212-447-1357 13 Avenue du Ghana BP 323, 1002 Tel: +1- 212-992-6584 Fax: +1-212-213-4890 Tunis Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Belvédère Tunis, Tunisia www.nyuafricahouse.org www.africatravelassociation.org Tel : +216-71-103-325 Fax : +216-71-832-409 Email : [email protected] www.afdb.org Africa Tourism Monitor VOLUME 1 · ISSUE 1 SEPTEMBER 2013 CONTENTS Acknowledgements 4 Foreword 5 Preface and Key Tourism Facts 6 Africa Tourism: the Numbers 7-8 Africa Tourism Data Portal 8 Tourism’s Contribution to Employment 9 The Role of Tourism in Expanding Economic Opportunities for Youth 9 Niche Tourism: Building a Sustainable Future Adventure Tourism on the Rise 10 Developing a Food Tourism Strategy 11 AFROEATS: A New
    [Show full text]
  • Africa: Progress and Pitfalls Factsheet
    Africa: Progress and pitfalls Factsheet In many ways, this is Africa 1's moment. With GDP growth averaging 5%, the continent is the focus of global business as entrepreneurs – domestic and foreign - seize opportunities to meet the demands of a rapidly emerging middle class. Given its “resilience to regional and global headwinds,” Africa will receive its highest flow of foreign investment this year, according to the “African Economic Outlook” produced annually by the African Development Bank, the United Nations and the OECD. “Sub-Saharan Africa is clearly taking off,” adds the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Certainly, the figures are impressive. More than two-thirds of African countries have enjoyed ten or more years of uninterrupted growth. Education rates are rising and there have been significant declines in infant mortality. Africa is now a growing investment destination for both advanced and emerging economies—with a record $80 billion inflow expected this year. And yet, as IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde pointed out recently, the tide of growth has not lifted all boats. Poverty remains stuck at unacceptably high levels—still afflicting about 45% of the region’s households. Inequality remains high. And some countries, still facing recurring internal conflict, are struggling to exit from fragility. African countries also face the challenge of becoming more effective participants in regional and global value chains - the range of activities in different countries that bring a product from conception to delivery to the consumer – to ensure more economic diversification, domestic resource mobilisation and investments in critical infrastructure. Regional integration efforts need to be stepped up to increase the size of economies and of markets, attract more investments, generate jobs and ensure inclusive development.
    [Show full text]
  • Developmental State Economic Model Versus Neo-Classical Principles: the Ac Se of Rwanda and Burundi Maxime Sarah Mianzokouna University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations December 2018 Developmental State Economic Model Versus Neo-classical Principles: The aC se of Rwanda and Burundi Maxime Sarah Mianzokouna University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the African Studies Commons, Economics Commons, and the Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Mianzokouna, Maxime Sarah, "Developmental State Economic Model Versus Neo-classical Principles: The asC e of Rwanda and Burundi" (2018). Theses and Dissertations. 1999. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1999 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEVELOPMENTAL STATE ECONOMIC MODEL VERSUS NEO-CLASSICAL PRINCIPLES: THE CASE OF RWANDA AND BURUNDI by Maxime Sarah Mianzokouna A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Africology at The University of Wisconsin –Milwaukee December 2018 ABSTRACT DEVELOPMENTAL STATE ECONOMIC MODEL VERSUS NEO-CLASSICAL PRINCIPLES: THE CASE OF RWANDA AND BURUNDI by Maxime Sarah Mianzokouna The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2018 Under the Supervision of Professors Abera Gelan and Nolan Kopkin The purpose of this thesis is to examine the significance of the developmental state model using the economic performances of two African countries, Burundi and Rwanda. The two neighboring African countries share similar economic characteristics and face virtually same social and political challenges. In the last two decades, Burundi and Rwanda have taken two different approaches to develop their economies.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism and Hotel Market Outlook Executive Summary Edition 1, 2021 Tourism and Hotel Market Outlook | Edition 1, 2021
    Tourism and hotel market outlook Executive summary Edition 1, 2021 Tourism and hotel market outlook | Edition 1, 2021 About the tourism and hotel market outlook The Deloitte Access Economics Tourism and Hotel Market Outlook provides insights into the issues facing the Australian tourism and hotel sectors, including in-depth analysis of recent trends and their underlying drivers across the domestic and international tourism markets. Against the backdrop of Deloitte Access Economics’ While our forecasts are based on a forecasting latest economic forecasts, projections are provided methodology and a hotel market model developed for domestic and international tourism over the next over 15 years, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we three years. Building on projected travel demand have overlayed bespoke behavioural and operational and an assessment of the hotel pipeline in Australia, adjustments such as short and long term sentiment detailed three-year forecasts are provided for indicators, and quarantine requirement implications occupancy, room rates and RevPAR for 11 of the on demand for hotel nights. Tourism and Hotel country’s major hotel markets (including Market Outlook is designed for a general audience. all capital cities). Please contact us to discuss how this capability can be tailored to a bespoke market or market segment. The 2021 edition of the Tourism and Hotel Market Outlook has introduced an interactive dashboard for each of the hotel market forecasts. We look forward to client feedback to refine in future editions. 2 Tourism and hotel market outlook | Edition 1, 2021 Forward Australia has endured Australia enters 2021 in a much-envied The recovery of the sector will also be unprecedented hardships position, with low manageable virus cases, affected by capacity challenges, including and a stronger than expected economic aviation capacity, tourism business viability over the summer of 2019-20 rebound which looks to continue.
    [Show full text]
  • COVID-19 Impacts and Recovery Strategies: the Case of the Hospitality Industry in Spain
    sustainability Article COVID-19 Impacts and Recovery Strategies: The Case of the Hospitality Industry in Spain José Miguel Rodríguez-Antón * and María del Mar Alonso-Almeida Business Organization Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 September 2020; Accepted: 13 October 2020; Published: 16 October 2020 Abstract: The health crisis caused by the pandemic COVID-19 has been of such magnitude that the drop-off in economic and tourist activity in most countries is generating an economic crisis with consequences that are still difficult to measure. The present work analyses the origins and evolution of the coronavirus pandemic and reviews the literature related to the impacts and recovery strategies that were implemented in previous crisis situations affecting the hotel industry. In order to focus the study on one country, Spain was selected based on tourism indicators, the importance of tourism for this country and the importance of Spain as a leader in international tourist destinations. The influence of the pandemic on the Spanish tourism sector and, more specifically, on its hospitality industry is explored in depth. In addition, the main initiatives to support the tourism and hospitality sector that have been undertaken at the global, European and national levels are highlighted and, finally, the response and recovery strategies of the five largest Spanish hotel chains to guarantee a COVID-19-free stay in their facilities and to recover the accommodation activity are discussed. Keywords: hotels; COVID-19; economic crisis; pandemics; response strategy; tourism; strategy management; health economics 1. Introduction COVID-19—the acronym for coronavirus disease 2019—is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
    [Show full text]
  • Circular Economy in Africa-EU Cooperation
    Circular Economy in Africa-EU Cooperation Country report for Rwanda Written by Trinomics December – 2020 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Environment Directorate F – Global Sustainable Development Unit F2 - Bilateral & Regional Environmental Cooperation Contact: Gaëtan Ducroux E-mail: [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels Circular Economy in Africa-EU Cooperation Country report for Rwanda Authors: Whyte, C. R.; Irakoze, G.; Katanisa, P.; Desmond, P.; Hemkhaus, M.; Ahlers, J.; Van Hummelen, S. & McGovern, M.; Artola, I. Acknowledgements We acknowledge the valuable contribution of several co-workers from within the four participating institutions, as well as the feedback received from DG Environment and other DGs of the European Commission as well as the Members of the EU delegation in Rwanda. Preferred citation Whyte, C. R.; Irakoze, G.; Katanisa, P.; Desmond, P. et al. (2020) Circular economy in the Africa- EU cooperation - Country Report for Rwanda. Country report under EC Contract ENV.F.2./ETU/2018/004 Project: “Circular Economy in Africa-EU cooperation”, Trinomics B.V., ACEN, adelphi Consult GmbH and Cambridge Econometrics Ltd. In association with: LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 PDF ISBN 978-92-76-26831-4 doi:10.2779/22762 KH-06-20-057-EN-N © European Union, 2020 The Commission’s reuse policy is implemented by Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p.
    [Show full text]