HOUSE BILL No. 2413

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

HOUSE BILL No. 2413 Session of 2019 HOUSE BILL No. 2413 By Committee on Federal and State Affairs 4-3 1 AN ACT concerning health and healthcare; enacting the human solution 2 for Kansas act; relating to medical cannabis; providing for the licensure 3 and regulation of the manufacture, transportation and sale of medical 4 cannabis; imposing a privilege tax on medical cannabis; amending 5 K.S.A. 2017 Supp. 65-1120, as amended by section 5 of chapter 42 of 6 the 2018 Session Laws of Kansas, K.S.A. 44-1009, 44-1015, 65-2836, 7 65-28a05, 65-28b08 and 79-5210 and K.S.A. 2018 Supp. 21-5703, 21- 8 5705, 21-5706, 21-5707, 21-5709, 21-5710, 23-3201, 38-2269, 44-501, 9 44-706, 79-3606 and 79-5201 and repealing the existing sections. 10 11 Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Kansas: 12 New Section 1. (a) The provisions of sections 1 through 31, and 13 amendments thereto, shall be known and may be cited as the human 14 solution for Kansas act. 15 (b) The legislature hereby declares that the human solution for 16 Kansas act is enacted pursuant to the police power of the state to protect 17 the health of its citizens, which is reserved to the state of Kansas and its 18 people under the 10th amendment to the constitution of the United States. 19 New Sec. 2. As used in the human solution for Kansas act: 20 (a) "Adequate supply" means an amount of cannabis possessed by a 21 medical cannabis license holder that is no more than reasonably necessary 22 to ensure the uninterrupted availability of cannabis to such license holder 23 for a period of three months, as specified in rules and regulations adopted 24 by the secretary. 25 (b) (1) "Cannabis" means all parts of all varieties of the plant 26 cannabis sativa L., whether growing or not, the seeds thereof, the resin 27 extracted from any part of the plant and every compound, manufacture, 28 salt, derivative, mixture or preparation of the plant, its seeds or resin. 29 (2) The term "cannabis" does not include: 30 (A) The mature stalks of the plant; 31 (B) fiber produced from the stalks; 32 (C) oil or cake made from the seeds of the plant; 33 (D) any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture or 34 preparation of the mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom; or 35 (E) fiber, oil, cake or the sterilized seed of the plant that is incapable 36 of germination and contains more than 0.03% tetrahydrocannabinol. HB 2413 2 1 (c) "Cannabis derivative" means any extract from the plant cannabis 2 sativa, including, but not limited to, any oil or tincture. 3 (d) "Concentrated cannabis" means any type of cannabis product that 4 is refined from flowering plants that produces a more purified, potent form 5 of cannabis product, including, but not limited to, hashish, kief, hash oil 6 and resin. 7 (e) "Director" means the director of the office of medical cannabis 8 regulation. 9 (f) "Edible cannabis" means any food product containing cannabis or 10 cannabis derivatives. 11 (g) "Homegrown medical cannabis license holder" means an 12 individual who holds a license issued under section 12, and amendments 13 thereto, and who may possess and grow cannabis in accordance with 14 section 4(d), and amendments thereto. 15 (h) "Medical cannabis caregiver" means an individual who holds a 16 license issued to such individual under section 12, and amendments 17 thereto, and who may purchase and possess cannabis in accordance with 18 section 5, and amendments thereto. 19 (i) "Medical cannabis dispensary" means a person who holds a 20 license issued to such person under section 12, and amendments thereto, 21 and who may purchase and sell cannabis and cannabis derivatives in 22 accordance with section 6, and amendments thereto. 23 (j) "Medical cannabis license holder" means an individual who holds 24 a license issued to such individual under section 12, and amendments 25 thereto, and who may purchase and possess cannabis in accordance with 26 section 4(a), and amendments thereto. 27 (k) "Medical cannabis grower" means a person who holds a license 28 issued to such person under section 12, and amendments thereto, and who 29 may grow and sell cannabis in accordance with section 7, and amendments 30 thereto. 31 (l) "Medical cannabis processor" means a person who holds a license 32 issued to such person under section 12, and amendments thereto, and who 33 may purchase, process and sell cannabis and cannabis derivatives in 34 accordance with section 8, and amendments thereto. 35 (m) "Medical cannabis researcher" means a person who holds a 36 license issued to such person under section 12, and amendments thereto, 37 and who may purchase and process cannabis in accordance with section 9, 38 and amendments thereto. 39 (n) "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, trust, 40 association or other business entity. 41 (o) "Physician" means a person licensed to practice medicine and 42 surgery in this state. 43 (p) "Secretary" means the secretary of the department of health and HB 2413 3 1 environment. 2 (q) "Temporary medical cannabis license holder" means an individual 3 who holds a license issued under section 12, and amendments thereto, and 4 who may purchase and possess cannabis in accordance with section 4(c), 5 and amendments thereto. 6 New Sec. 3. No person shall grow, harvest, process, sell, barter, 7 transport, deliver, furnish or otherwise possess any form of cannabis, 8 except as specifically provided in the human solution for Kansas act. 9 New Sec. 4. (a) A medical cannabis license holder may: 10 (1) Consume cannabis; 11 (2) possess up to three ounces of cannabis on such license holder's 12 person; and 13 (3) possess up to eight ounces of cannabis, one ounce of concentrated 14 cannabis, and 72 ounces of edible cannabis on the premises of such license 15 holder's residence. 16 The limitation set forth in paragraph (2) shall not apply to any medical 17 cannabis license holder who is transporting cannabis from a medical 18 cannabis dispensary to the license holder's residence. 19 (b) (1) An applicant for a medical cannabis license shall be at least 18 20 years of age. The secretary may waive the requirement of this paragraph 21 upon application by an individual who is less than 18 years of age, if such 22 application includes the signature of two physicians who recommend the 23 issuance of a medical cannabis license based on the accepted standards 24 that a reasonable and prudent physician would follow when recommending 25 or approving any medication and the signature of the applicant's parent or 26 legal guardian approving the issuance of a medical cannabis license to 27 such applicant. 28 (2) Each application for a medical cannabis license shall include: 29 (A) Proof of the applicant's age; 30 (B) proof that the applicant is a resident of Kansas; and 31 (C) the signature of a physician who recommends the issuance of a 32 medical cannabis license based on the accepted standards that a reasonable 33 and prudent physician would follow when recommending or approving 34 any medication. 35 (3) An application for a medical cannabis license shall only be denied 36 for failure to satisfy the qualifications for licensure or for failure to 37 properly complete the application. 38 (c) The director may issue a temporary medical cannabis license to an 39 applicant who demonstrates that such applicant is not a resident of this 40 state and holds a medical cannabis license issued by another jurisdiction 41 that provides a state-regulated medical cannabis licensure program. 42 Applications for a temporary medical cannabis license shall include a copy 43 of the applicant's license issued by another jurisdiction and such other HB 2413 4 1 information as required by the director. A temporary medical cannabis 2 license holder may purchase and possess cannabis to the same extent as a 3 medical cannabis license holder. 4 (d) The director may issue a homegrown medical cannabis license to 5 an applicant who qualifies for a medical cannabis license and who 6 demonstrates that such applicant is a resident of this state, but resides more 7 than 75 miles from the closest medical cannabis dispensary to such 8 applicant's residence. Applications for a homegrown medical cannabis 9 license shall include the information required under subsection (b)(2). A 10 homegrown medical cannabis license holder may possess and grow up to 11 six mature cannabis plants or six seedling plants, or possess an adequate 12 supply of cannabis on the premises of such license holder's residence. 13 New Sec. 5. (a) A medical cannabis caregiver may possess cannabis 14 to the same extent as a medical cannabis license holder under section 4(a), 15 and amendments thereto. 16 (b) An applicant for a medical cannabis caregiver license shall be at 17 least 18 years of age. Each application for a medical cannabis caregiver 18 license shall include proof: 19 (1) Of the applicant's age; 20 (2) that the applicant is a resident of Kansas; 21 (3) that the applicant is the designated caregiver for a medical 22 cannabis license holder; and 23 (4) that the medical cannabis license holder named in the application 24 is unable to access a medical cannabis dispensary. 25 (c) An application for a medical cannabis caregiver license shall only 26 be denied for failure to satisfy the qualifications for licensure or for failure 27 to properly complete the application.
Recommended publications
  • Cannabis – a Complex and Rapidly Evolving Landscape
    CANNABIS – A COMPLEX AND RAPIDLY EVOLVING LANDSCAPE Abstract ABOUT THE AUTHOR The humble Cannabis sativa plant, cultivated for millennia for its psychoactive properties and more, is today considered one of the most controversial and complex plants in the world. Starting in the early to mid-20th century, much of its use became recreational, but by the early 1970s discoveries began to emerge around its potential medical efficacies. This article will discuss current knowledge of how cannabis engages with the brain and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and provide an overview of the new market landscapes brought about by changes in governing laws Dr. Georgiana Willwerth-Pascutiu and regulations, which are affecting usage by our current and potential [email protected] customers. It will also explore the additional hazards, concerns, and Georgiana Willwerth-Pascutiu is Vice President, Global Medical Director considerations of cannabis use in countries where it remains illegal. at RGA. She is board certified in Insurance Medicine by the American Introduction Academy of Insurance Medicine (AAIM) and specialized in internal medicine, Naturally occurring psychoactive substances have been part of human life nephrology and ultrasonography. for millennia. One of the most frequently utilized plant sources of these Dr. Willwerth-Pascutiu is also a past substances, Cannabis sativa, is also the best-known worldwide. For the president of the Canadian Life Insurance Medical Officers Association (CLIMOA) past half-century, scientific and medical interest in its many compounds, and currently chairs its scientific known as cannabinoids, has been increasing. Today, the two best-known, committee. She is a frequent presenter and has contributed several articles to delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), its psychoactive chemical, and insurance industry publications.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review on Cannabis Sativa: Its Compounds and Their Effects
    Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 53(2), November - December 2018; Article No. 12, Pages: 59-63 ISSN 0976 – 044X Review Article A Review on Cannabis sativa: Its Compounds and Their Effects Ranju Rajput, *Dr. Krishan Kumar Department of Food and Biotechnology, Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women’s University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. *Corresponding author’s E-mail: [email protected] Received: 01-11-2018; Revised: 25-11-2018; Accepted: 10-12-2018. ABSTRACT Our society often considered the use of cannabis is an under-reported activity. Cannabis is used to relieve neuropathic and chronic pain. Cannabis, produced from the Cannabis sativa plant, have been used in three forms: herbal cannabis, the dried leaves and flowering tops The resin of the cannabis is the pressed secretions of the plant, known as ‘hashish’ or ‘charash. Cannabis sativa is an herbaceous species originated from Central Asia. It has been used in medicine and as a source of textile fiber since ancient times. The cannabis sativa is a fast growing plant attracted the people’s interest because of its multi-purpose applications. It is a rich source of photochemical, cellulose and woody fibers. The more interest is also due to its metabolites which show potent bioactivities on human health. In this review, the phytochemicals is discussed by putting a special emphasis on molecules including cannabinoids, terpenes and phenolic compounds. Cannabinoids are represented as the most studied group of compounds, because of their wide range of pharmaceutical effects in humans, including psychotropic activities. This article aims to update the current knowledge and evidence of using cannabis and its derivatives with a view to the sociolegal context and perspectives for future research.
    [Show full text]
  • HOUSE BILL No. 2303
    Session of 2019 HOUSE BILL No. 2303 By Representatives Finney, Alcala, Ballard, Benson, Carlin, Carmichael, Clayton, Henderson, Highberger, Holscher, Horn, Moore, Ohaebosim, Ousley, Parker, Probst, S. Ruiz, Sawyer, Stogsdill, Victors, Warfield, Winn, Woodard and Xu 2-13 1 AN ACT enacting the Kansas safe access act; providing for the safe, legal, 2 humanitarian and therapeutic use of cannabis for medical conditions; 3 providing for the registration and functions of compassion centers; 4 authorizing the issuance of identification cards; establishing the 5 compassion board; providing for administration of the act by the 6 department of health and environment. 7 8 WHEREAS, Cannabis has been used as a medicine for at least 5,000 9 years and can be effective for serious medical conditions for which 10 conventional medications fail to provide relief; and 11 WHEREAS, Modern medical research has shown that cannabis can 12 slow the progression of such serious diseases as Alzheimer's and 13 Parkinson's, stop HIV and cancer cells from spreading; has both anti- 14 inflammatory and pain-relieving properties; can alleviate the symptoms of 15 epilepsy, post traumatic stress disorder and multiple sclerosis; is useful in 16 the treatment of depression, anxiety and other mental disorders; and can 17 help reverse neurological damage from brain injuries and stroke; and 18 WHEREAS, The world health organization has acknowledged the 19 therapeutic effects of cannabinoids, the primary active compounds found 20 in cannabis, including as an anti-depressant, appetite
    [Show full text]
  • Cannabinoid Profile and Elemental Uptake of Cannabis Sativa L. As ¯ ¯ 1 Influenced by Soil Characterxst,Cs
    Cannabinoid Profile and Elemental Uptake of Cannabis sativa L. as ¯ ¯ 1 Influenced by Soil Characterxst,cs C.~ B. Coffman and W. A. Gentner ABSTRACT The consumption of Cannabis products (marihuana) derived from domestic and foreign sources persists in the United States despite its illegality and health hazards. The objectives of this investigation were: 1) to evaluate relationships between soil and plant elements, cannabi- noids, and growth of Cannabis sativa L., and 2) to evaluate the practicality of using chemical analysis of Cannabis products to determine their geographic origin. Knowledge of geographic origin is useful to governmental agencies investigating illicit narcotic traffic. Cannabis sativa L. was grown on 11 different soils for 45 days in the greenhouse. Soils differed significantly in 15 measured elements and pH. Plants were grown from seed of Afghan origin. The following cannabinoids were extracted and measured from leaf tissue: cannabicyclol (CCC), cannabidiol (CBD), Ae.Tetrahydrocannabinol (A~THC), and cannabinol (CBN). Fifteen elements measured in leaf tissue and correlated with soil and cannabinoid measurements. Soil pH was negatively cor- related with leaf concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn, and S. Extractable soil Mg was negatively correlated with N, A°THC and CBD concentrations in leaf tissue (p 0.05). Plant height was negatively correlated with A°THC concentration, suggesting enhancement of the narcotic principle of marihuana when grown under stress. Ex- tractable soil P205 was negatively correlated with CBD concentration while extractable soil Zn was positively cor- related with CCCconcentration. Several correlations be- tween soil and plant characteristics having potential value for determination of geographic origin of marihuana were elucidated.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition the History of Cannabis in the UN Drug Control System and Options for Reform
    TRANSNATIONAL I N S T I T U T E THE RISE AND DECLINE OF CANNABIS PROHIBITION THE HISTORY OF CANNABIS IN THE UN DruG CONTROL SYSTEM AND OPTIONS FOR REFORM 3 The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition Authors Dave Bewley-Taylor Tom Blickman Martin Jelsma Copy editor David Aronson Design Guido Jelsma www.guidojelsma.nl Photo credits Hash Marihuana & Hemp Museum, Amsterdam/ Barcelona Floris Leeuwenberg Pien Metaal UNOG Library/League of Nations Archives UN Photo Printing Jubels, Amsterdam Contact Transnational Institute (TNI) De Wittenstraat 25 1052 AK Amsterdam Netherlands Tel: +31-(0)20-6626608 Fax: +31-(0)20-6757176 [email protected] www.tni.org/drugs www.undrugcontrol.info www.druglawreform.info Global Drug Policy Observatory (GDPO) Research Institute for Arts and Humanities Rooms 201-202 James Callaghan Building Swansea University Financial contributions Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP Tel: +44-(0)1792-604293 This report has been produced with the financial www.swansea.ac.uk/gdpo assistance of the Hash Marihuana & Hemp Museum, twitter: @gdpo_swan Amsterdam/Barcelona, the Open Society Foundations and the Drug Prevention and Information Programme This is an Open Access publication distributed under (DPIP) of the European Union. the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which of TNI and GDPO and can under no circumstances be permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction regarded as reflecting the position of the donors. in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. TNI would appreciate receiving a copy of the text in which this document is used or cited.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Cannabis Sativa L. Extract on Oxidative Stress Markers in Vivo
    life Article The Effects of Cannabis sativa L. Extract on Oxidative Stress Markers In Vivo Asta Kubiliene 1,* , Karolina Mickute 1, Juste Baranauskaite 1, Mindaugas Marksa 1 , Arunas Liekis 2 and Ilona Sadauskiene 2 1 Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; [email protected] (K.M.); [email protected] (J.B.); [email protected] (M.M.) 2 Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; [email protected] (A.L.); [email protected] (I.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In recent decades, a lot of attention has been paid to Cannabis sativa L. due to its useful applications, including in fibers, oil, food for humans and animals, and therapeutics. The present study aimed to determine antioxidant activity of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. in vivo, evaluating the possible antioxidative effect of Cannabis sativa L. extract (CE) on malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations as well as on catalase (CAT) activity in BALB/c mice. In total, 40 mice were divided into five equal groups: the aluminum group (7.5 mg AlCl3/kg/d (0.15 LD50), the saline group, the 10% ethanol group (an appropriate amount of the solution for mouse weight), the CE group (1.6 mg CE/g/day), and the aluminum-CE group (7.5 mg AlCl3 plus 1.6 mg CE/g/day). The results of the study showed that CE significantly decreased (by 26.81%, p < 0.05) the concentration of GSH in blood of the mice and the concentration of MDA in the brain (by 82.12%) and liver (by Citation: Kubiliene, A.; Mickute, K.; 53.5%) of the mice compared to the respective concentrations in the AlCl3 group.
    [Show full text]
  • WHEREAS, the City of Maryville Desires to Protect the Public Health
    479 BILL NO. 2019' 47 ORDINANCE NO. 8198 AN ORDINANCE AMENDING CHAPTER 405. ZONING CODE OF ' 1I1E MUNICIPAL CODE OF MARYVILLE, MISSOURI REGARDING MEDICAL MARIJUANA. WHEREAS, the voters of the State of Missouri approved an Amendment to Article XVI of the Missouri Constitution, known as Constitutional Amendment 2, establishing a Right to Access Medical Marijuana and allowing for the limited legal production, distribution, sale and purchase of marijuana for medical use; and, WHEREAS, the City of Maryville desires to amend Chapter 405. Zoning Code ofthe Municipal Code of Maryville to clarify regulations regarding medical marijuana in accordance with the purposes of the Missouri Constitution; and, WHEREAS, the City of Maryville desires to protect the public health and safety by establishing reasonable regulations on medical marijuana related businesses regarding time, place and manner of operation for medical marijuana facilities; and, WHEREAS, on June 26, 2019, the Planning and Zoning Commission did evaluate proposed amendments to Chapter 405: Zoning Code ofthe Municipal Code ofMaryville related to medical marijuana and recommend approval to the City Council; and, WHEREAS, public notice was given by publication in the Maryville Forum on June 13, 2019, a newspaper having a general circulation in the City ofMaryville, Missouri, that a public hearing of the City Council would take place on July 8, 2019, where the City Council would consider the aforesaid amendments; and, 8th WHEREAS, the City Council at a regular meeting on the day of July, 2019, held a public hearing regarding aforesaid amendments for which public notice was given as required by law. BE IT ORDAINED BY TILE COUNCIL OF THI: CITY OF MARYVILLE, MISSOURI, as follows: SECTION 1: That Chapter 405.
    [Show full text]
  • Cannabis Indica Cannabis Sativa Weed MD Produces Physical, Sedative Effects.Recommended for Nighttime Produces a More "Cerebral" Effect Than Indica
    Cannabis indica Cannabis sativa Weed MD Produces physical, sedative effects.Recommended for nighttime Produces a more "cerebral" effect than indica. Recommended for day- MEDICINAL EFFECTS OF COMMON use. THC content can be as high as 28 percent. time medicinal use. THC content can be as high as 20 percent. MARIJUANA STRAINS AND PREPARATIONS. Tahoe OG Shatter A hybrid of 60 percent sa- Marijuana concentrate tiva and 40 percent indica. made by extraction. Originated in Lake Tahoe, Typically 80 percent California in the late '80s. THC or higher. Con- Around 20 percent THC sumed by heating content. Medicinal uses (vaporization), not include: glaucoma, combustion. arthritis, insomnia. Chocolope Sugar Cookie An almost entirely indica hybrid made from Michigan- A hybrid of 60 percent sativa, 40 per- and Hawaii-grown strains. THC content is between 19 cent indica. Originated in California and 20 percent. Medicinal uses include: chronic pain, (with further breeding in the Nether- insomnia, nausea. lands) in the early 2000s. Up to 25 percent THC content. Medicinal uses include: depression, anxiety, MS. Kief Dabbing Crystals (trichomes) Skywalker from marijuana leaves. (BHO) Can be made into tinc- OG Kush Butane hash oil, a solvent tures. THC content is A 100 percent Indica hybrid originally extract made using butane or around 40 to 50 percent. from Los Angeles (60 percent CO2. 50 to 75 percent THC. Skywalker strain, 40 percent Purple Urkle OG Kush). Around 19 percent Almost pure indica. Originated in THC. Medical uses include: stress , Mendocino and Humbolt counties in insomnia, pain relief. California in the late '80s. Between 16 and 18 percent THC.
    [Show full text]
  • Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa Subsp
    molecules Review Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) as an Emerging Source for Value-Added Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe 1,* , Amy Davis 1, Shanthanu K. Kumar 2, Beth Murray 1 and Valtcho D. Zheljazkov 3 1 Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; [email protected] (A.D.); [email protected] (B.M.) 2 Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Crop and Soil Science, 431A Crop Science Building, 3050 SW Campus Way, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Academic Editor: Severina Pacifico Received: 5 August 2020; Accepted: 2 September 2020; Published: 7 September 2020 Abstract: Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L., Cannabaceae) is an ancient cultivated plant originating from Central Asia and historically has been a multi-use crop valued for its fiber, food, and medicinal uses. Various oriental and Asian cultures kept records of its production and numerous uses. Due to the similarities between industrial hemp (fiber and grain) and the narcotic/medical type of Cannabis, the production of industrial hemp was prohibited in most countries, wiping out centuries of learning and genetic resources. In the past two decades, most countries have legalized industrial hemp production, prompting a significant amount of research on the health benefits of hemp and hemp products. Current research is yet to verify the various health claims of the numerous commercially available hemp products.
    [Show full text]
  • Cannabis in the Ancient World Chris Bennet
    Cannabis in the Ancient World Chris Bennet The role of cannabis in the ancient world was manifold, a food, fiber, medicine and as a magically empowered religious sacrament. In this paper the focus will be on archaic references to cannabis use as both a medicine and a sacrament, rather than as a source of food or fiber, and it’s role in a variety of Ancient cultures in this context will be examined. Unfortunately, due to the deterioration of plant matter archeological evidence is sparse and “Pollen records are frequently unreliable, due to the difficulty in distinguishing between hemp and hop pollen” (Scott, Alekseev, Zaitseva, 2004). Despite these difficulties in identification some remains of cannabis fiber, cannabis beverages utensils, seeds of cannabis and burnt cannabis have been located (burnt cannabis has been carbonized and this preserves identifiable fragments of the species). Fortunately other avenues of research regarding the ancient use of cannabis remain open, and etymological evidence regarding cannabis use in a number of cultures has been widely recognized and accepted. After nearly a lifetime of research into the role of psychoactive plants in human history the late Harvard University Professor of ethnobotany, Richard Evans Schultes commented: "Early man experimented with all plant materials that he could chew and could not have avoided discovering the properties of cannabis (marijuana), for in his quest for seeds and oil, he certainly ate the sticky tops of the plant. Upon eating hemp, the euphoric, ecstatic and hallucinatory aspects may have introduced man to the other-worldly plane from which emerged religious beliefs, perhaps even the concept of deity.
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Update on Cannabidiol and Hemp Products
    2019 Update on Cannabidiol and Hemp Products Presented by: Charles LoDico, M.S., F-ABFT Senior Chemist/Toxicologist Division of Workplace Programs Drug Testing Advisory Board June 11 , 2019 1 Presentation Objectives • Overview Marijuana • Potency • Scheduling and Research, • Policy • Commercialization of Marijuana 2 Marijuana Contains Over 400 Chemical Compounds: • 110 + Cannabinoids • Δ 9-THC (psychoactive) • CBD (non-psychoactive) • 200 + Terpenes (odor) • Flavonoids (color) 3 Trichome of Marijuana 4 Cultivated Throughout Recorded History Different Uses: • Industrial Fiber (rope, clothes) • Seed Oil (hemp oil) • Food (ground hemp seed for flour) • Recreation ( “high”) • Religious Customs (native cultures in rituals) • Medicine (Marinol®,and Epidiolex® (CBD)) 5 Cannabis Sativa L Cannabis – Hemp - Marijuana Commercial Hemp “Medical”/ Recreational Hemp CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD CBD 6 Structural Similarity of CBD and Δ9-THC Chemistry Δ 9-THC CBD Molar Mass 314.469 Molar Mass 314.464 C-21 H-30 O-2 C-21 H-30 O-2 7 Potency: The New Normal • 1980s Marijuana: 4% THC • Mexican Marijuana: 6 - 11% THC • Current 2019 THC: 13 - 20% THC • Hashish/Hashish Oil: 20 - 40% THC • New Concentrates: 40 - 80% THC 8 Average THC and CBD % Marijuana Seizures 1995 – 2014 9 University of Mississippi, Potency MonitoringProgram Marijuana’s Acute Effects Cognition – Impaired short-term memory – Difficulty with complex tasks – Difficulty Learning Executive Function – Impaired decision-making – Increased risky behavior Mood (especially after high doses or edibles) – Anxiety – panic attacks – Psychosis - paranoia 10 List of Known Marijuana Risk’s • Psychosis • Agitated Delirum • Suicides • Seizures • Drugged Driving • Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome • Cardiovascular Effects • Pulmonary Affects • Contaminant Infections • Allergic Reactions • Anti-Coagulant effects due to contaminants 11 Consuming Marijuana • Smoking – Marijuana is absorbed through the capillaries in the lungs.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug Fact Sheet: Marijuana/Cannabis
    Marijuana/Cannabis WHAT IS MARIJUANA? What is its effect on the mind? Marijuana is a mind-altering (psychoactive) When marijuana is smoked, the active ingredient drug, produced by the Cannabis sativa plant. THC passes from the lungs and into the Marijuana has over 480 constituents. THC (delta- bloodstream, which carries the chemical to the 9-tetrahydrocannabinol) is believed to be the main organs throughout the body, including the brain. ingredient that produces the psychoactive effect. In the brain, THC connects to specific sites called cannabinoid receptors on nerve cells and WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN? influences the activity of those cells. Marijuana is grown in the United States, Canada, Many of these receptors are found in the parts Mexico, South America, Caribbean, and Asia. of the brain that influence: It can be cultivated in both outdoor and indoor • Pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory and settings. time perception, and coordinated movement What are common street names? The short-term effects of marijuana include: Common street names include: • Problems with memory and learning, distorted • Aunt Mary, BC Bud, Blunts, Boom, Chronic, Dope, perception, difficulty in thinking and problem-solving, Gangster, Ganja, Grass, Hash, Herb, Hydro, Indo, Joint, and loss of coordination Kif, Mary Jane, Mota, Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Skunk, Smoke, Weed, and Yerba The effect of marijuana on perception and coordination are responsible for serious What does it look like? impairments in learning, associative processes, Marijuana is a dry, shredded green/brown mix and psychomotor behavior (driving abilities). of flowers, stems, seeds, and leaves from the Long term, regular use can lead to physical Cannabis sativa plant.
    [Show full text]