BMU: Mit Cooling Centers Gegen Den Klimawandel

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BMU: Mit Cooling Centers Gegen Den Klimawandel ISSN 1861-2741 H 2607 8,80 € • Österreich: 9,30 € • Schweiz: 13,50 SFR Das Branchen-Magazin für alle erneuerbaren Energien 07+08/2017 SMART HOME BMU: Mit Cooling Centers gegen den Klimawandel Smart Homes steuern I Stromspeicher I Carsharing mit Elektromobilen Einfach nachrüsten Zuverlässig regeln für die bessere Energieeffizienz ... Q-Tech Automatischer Hydraulischer Abgleich 30% BAFA-Förderung für die Heizungsoptimierung nutzen! www.oventrop.de EDITORIAL 3 »Brutal klare Klima-Mathematik« ch möchte dieses Editorial mit einem Zitat begin- Für diese Transformation identifizieren die Autoren sechs nen: »Wir sind in den vergangenen hundert Jahren » Meilensteine« für 2020, unter anderem die Erhöhung gesegnet gewesen mit einem bewundernswert des Anteils der Erneuerbaren an der globalen Energie- widerstandsfähigen Planeten, der einen Großteil versorgung auf 30 % verbunden mit dem Ausstieg aus Iunserer Klimasünden noch verkraften konnte. Jetzt errei- allen Kohlekraftwerken, die Erhöhung des Marktanteils chen wir das Ende dieser Ära und müssen die globale der Elektrofahrzeuge an Neuwagenverkäufen von Emissionskurve unverzüglich nach 1 % auf 15 % weltweit und die unten biegen, um die größten Auswir- Mobilisierung von jährlich einer kungen auf unsere moderne Welt noch Billion US-Dollar für Klimaschutz- zu verhindern.« Der das schreibt, ist ausgaben. Johan Rockström vom Stockholm Resi- »Die Klimamathematik ist bru- lience Centre. Er gehört zu einer Gruppe tal klar«, sagen die Autoren des von 60 Wissenschaftlern, Entscheidern Appells. »Die Welt kann zwar nicht aus Politik und Wirtschaft, Ökonomen innerhalb von wenigen Jahren und Analysten, die Ende Juni in dem geheilt werden, aber wenn wir renommierten Wissenschaftsmaga- nichts tun, dann können wir sie zin »Nature« den dringenden Appell durch Fahrlässigkeit bereits bis »Three years to safeguard our climate« 2020 tödlich verwunden.« veröffentlicht haben. Darin fordern Entschlossenes Handeln bis sie ein »Hochgeschwindigkeitshan- 2020 ist notwendig, so das Fazit – deln«, um den globalen Ausstoß von aber natürlich nicht hinreichend. Treibhausgasen zu senken und unser Aber es muss die richtige Rich- Klima zu stabilisieren. Sie warnen ein- tung vorgeben, um anschließend dringlich davor, ein Verringern der CO2- - jedes Jahrzehnt die CO2-Emissio- Emissionen bis in die Zeit nach 2020 zu verzögern, da nen zu halbieren. andernfalls Kippelemente im Erdsystem wie der antark- Dem ist eigentlich nichts hinzuzufügen. Oder viel- tische Eisschild destabilisiert werden könnten. leicht doch: Das Jahr 2020 fällt in die kommende Legislaturperiode. Der Regierung, die im September gewählt wird, wird die Aufgabe zufallen, die beschrie- bene » historisch einmalige Chance« zu ergreifen. In den Wir können die Welt durch Fahrlässigkeit letzten Wochen haben die großen Parteien Deutsch- » lands ihre Wahlprogramme vorgestellt. Darin wird dem bereits bis 2020 tödlich verwunden. Themenkomplex Klimaschutz und Energiepolitik ein niedrigerer Stellenwert eingeräumt als noch bei der Gleichzeitig sprechen die Autoren aber auch von letzten Bundestagswahl. einer »historisch einmaligen Chance«, Kohlendioxid- Noch gibt es ein kleines Zeitfenster, mit den örtlichen Emissionen ab 2020 zum Sinken zu bringen: »Diese Kandidaten für den nächsten Bundestag zu sprechen monumentale Herausforderung fällt zusammen mit und ihnen einen deutlichen Wählerauftrag mit auf den einer noch nie dagewesenen Bereitschaft, sich selbst Weg zu geben. Ziele zu setzen; auf der Ebene der sub-nationalen Regierungen in den USA, der Regierungen auf allen Ebenen außerhalb der USA, und dem privaten Sektor.« Die Autoren sind zuversichtlich, dass sowohl der techno- logische Fortschritt als auch das politische Momentum jetzt einen Punkt erreicht haben, der den Beginn einer Dr. Volker Buddensiek » großen Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit« ermöglicht. Chefredakteur 4 Inhalt 42 26 FOTO: REHAU 52 76 FOTO: SONNENHAUS-INSTITUT/PETRA HÖGLMEIER FOTO: SMA FOTO: DAIMLER AG 38 Heizungsregelung: 72 Cloud-Speicher: PANORAMA Sicherheit geht vor Das Ende der Stromrechnung 03 Editorial 40 Regelungstechnik: 74 Off-Grid Experts Workshop: Event Digitalisierung im Heizungskeller zur netzfernen Stromversorgung 05 Gastkommentar: Postfaktische Energiepolitik 42 Erdwärmequellen: Damit die Quelle nie versiegt 08 Politik: Was tun beim Klimawandel? MOBILITÄT 48 Pelletskessel: 10 Europäische Energiepolitik: »Wir Klein, sauber und effizient 76 Fahrausbildung: müssen ehrgeizigere Ziele setzen« Fahrschulen unter Strom 12 Nachrichten 80 Carsharing: Elektrische Stadtflitzer STROM als Zukunft des Individualverkehrs? 18 Börse 52 PV-Wechselrichter: 82 Laden mit Solarstrom: 20 House of Energy Kassel: Think Tank Innovation geht in alle Richtungen Aller guten Dinge sind drei und Clustermanager in einem 56 PV-Montagetechnik: Bessere 22 SEO Marketing / Storytelling: Ästhetik, Statik und Logistik Und was ist Ihre Geschichte? SERVICE 58 PV-Speichersysteme: 24 Grammer Solar: Vom Hersteller zum Dienstleister Recht: Frist zur Modernisierung Warme Luft selbst im ewigen Eis 84 umlagebefreiter Bestandsanlagen 64 Solarmodule: Nischenprodukt 26 Sonnenhaus: mit neuer Perspektive Firmenverzeichnis Verschwenderisch sparen 85 66 Energiemanagement: Heizen und 94 Termine Tanken mit Sonnenstrom 97 Vorschau/Impressum WÄRME 68 Speicherkonzepte: Schwärme erobern die Märkte 98 Hüters Finale 30 Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten: Sicher durch den Winter 70 Smart Home: Zwischen Sensoren, Aktoren und dem Sinn des Lebens 36 Software: Wärme simulieren TITELFOTO: ISTOCK 07+08/2017 SMART HOME SONNE WIND&WÄRME POLITIK GASTKOMMENTAR 5 Postfaktische Energiepolitik eginnen wir diesen Beitrag mit einem auf 2 °C wird nur mit der oberen Zielmarke Kettenraucher. Sein Hausarzt empfahl von 95 % bis 2050 annähernd möglich sein. ihm, bis Jahresende vollständig mit Dabei wäre momentan selbst das Einhalten dem Rauchen aufzuhören, weil er sonst der wenig ambitionierten Ziele ein regelrech­ Bdas nächste Jahr nicht überleben werde. Der tes Wunder. Die bisherigen Reduktionserfolge Raucher nahm sich das zu Herzen und ent­ gehen zu großen Teilen auf den Zusammen­ schied, seinen Zigarettenkonsum bis Weih­ bruch der Wirtschaft in den neuen Bundes­ nachten auf ein Päckchen und bis Ostern ländern nach der Wiedervereinigung zurück. nächsten Jahres auf ein halbes Päckchen pro Der aktuelle Trend zeigt ein deutlich langsame­ Tag zu reduzieren. Wirklich sicher, ob er dieses Volker Quaschning FOTO: SILKE REENTS res Reduktionstempo (Bild 2). Ziel erreichen würde, war er sich aber nicht. Wollen wir die versprochenen Klimaschutz­ Sie fragen sich nun, was diese Geschichte Um die schlimmsten Folgen noch zu ver­ ziele wirklich einhalten, wären sehr konse­ mit der Energiewende zu tun hat. Schauen hindern, hat sich die internationale Staaten­ quente Maßnahmen erforderlich. Spätestens wir dazu auf das Jahr 2016, das wieder mal ein gemeinschaft nach jahrelangem Gezerre im ab 2025 dürften keine neuen Benzin­ und Rekordjahr war. Die weltweite Durchschnitts­ Jahr 2015 in Paris zu einem Klimaabkommen Dieselfahrzeuge mehr verkauft werden. Neue temperatur erreichte den höchsten Wert seit durchgerungen. Danach soll die globale Öl­ und Gasheizungen sind dann in spätes­ Beginn der Wetteraufzeichnungen. Um rund Erwärmung möglichst auf 1,5 °C begrenzt tens fünf Jahren tabu, und der Zubau der 1,1 °C ist sie inzwischen seit dem Beginn der werden. Wollen wir dieses Ziel erreichen, müs­ Onshore­Windkraft müsste auf über 6 GW und Industrialisierung gestiegen. Gerade einmal sen wir aber zwischen 2030 und 2040 unsere der der Photovoltaik auf 15 GW pro Jahr gestei­ 3,5 °C betrug davor der Temperaturanstieg seit Kohlendioxid emissionen auf null zurückfah­ gert werden. Momentan ist allerdings keine der letzten Eiszeit (Bild 1). ren. Spätestens in 25 Jahren dürfen wir dann politische Kraft erkennbar, die die nötigen Alle seriösen Klimaprognosen gehen davon gar kein Erdöl, keine Kohle und kein Erdgas Maßnahmen auch nur ansatzweise durchset­ aus, dass ohne einen radikalen Umbau unserer mehr verbrennen – nicht in den Häusern, zen könnte. Energieversorgung die Temperaturen weiter nicht im Verkehr, nicht in Unternehmen und Die wirklichen Konsequenzen unseres extrem nach oben schnellen werden. Ein wei­ nicht durch Energiekonzerne. Schaffen wir das Nichthandelns werden am Ende erst unsere terer Temperatursprung um bis zu 5 °C ist bis nicht, dürften in absehbarer Zeit unkontrollier­ Kinder und Enkelkinder in vollem Umfang zu Ende des Jahrhunderts möglich. Auch ohne bare Klima veränderungen das Weltgeschehen spüren bekommen. Was wäre, wenn der Arzt Klimafachwissen kann man an den Kurven aus dominieren. Steigen die Meeresspiegel nur um am Anfang gesagt hätte: »Hören sie noch die­ Bild 1 erkennen, dass die blaue Kurve früher einen Meter, verlieren bereits rund 100 Millio­ ses Jahr mit dem Rauchen auf, sonst werden oder später der roten Kurve folgen wird. Die nen Menschen ihre Heimat. Ihre Kinder und Enkelkinder bald sterben.« Folgen eines Meeresspiegelanstiegs um meh­ Um das zu verhindern, hat die deutsche Genau wie der Kettenraucher haben wir es rere Meter werden für unseren dicht besie­ Politik kürzlich einen Klimaschutzplan verab­ selbst in der Hand, unsere Probleme in den delten Planeten katastrophal sein. Wie unser schiedet. Danach will die Regierung die Treib­ Griff zu bekommen. Eine halbe Schachtel bis Kettenraucher steuern wir mit unserer Sucht hausgasemissionen um 80 bis 95 % bis 2050 Ostern wird dazu allerdings nicht reichen. nach vermeintlich billigen fossilen Energie­ verringern. Das erinnert an
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