Anatomic Study in Certain Genera of Family Cucurbitaceae
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Protective Effects of Luffa Aegyptica Aqueous Extract Against Biochemical Alterations in Diabetic Rats
Anigboro, A. A. NISEB Journal Vol. 17, No. 3. September, 2017 1595-6938/2017 Printed in Nigeria (2017) Society for Experimental Biology of Nigeria http://www.nisebjournal.org Protective Effects of Luffa aegyptica Aqueous Extract Against Biochemical Alterations in Diabetic Rats Anigboro, A. A. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, P.M.B.001, Abraka, Nigeria Abstract Diabetes, a disease linked to intermediary metabolism is caused by reduced production of insulin or increasing resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the protective effect of Luffa aegyptiaca aqueous leaf extract (LAAE) against alterations in haematological indices, lipid profile, atherogenic index and hypoamylasemia in diabetic male rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were grouped into six of five animals each as follow: Normal control (NC), Diabetic Control (DC), E1 (diabetic rats + 100 mg/kg of LAAE), E2 (diabetic rats + 200 mg/kg of LAAE), E3 (diabetic rats + 300 mg/kg of LAAE) and STD (diabetic rats + metformin drug (100mg/kg)). The induction of diabetes using alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg), caused hyperlipidaemia, increased atherogenic and cardiovascular risk indices and hypoamylasemia in the rats. The extract administration increased the amount of high density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol. The extract reduced low density-lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CRI). The levels of haematological indices [packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin concentration (Hb)] increased upon the administration of the extract. Total white blood cells (TWBC), mean value of corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean value of corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean value of corpuscular volume (MCV) reduced slightly in the treated animals when compared with the diabetic control (P<0.05). -
Morphological and Histo-Anatomical Study of Bryonia Alba L
Available online: www.notulaebotanicae.ro Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic 1842-4309 Not Bot Horti Agrobo , 2015, 43(1):47-52. DOI:10.15835/nbha4319713 Morphological and Histo-Anatomical Study of Bryonia alba L. (Cucurbitaceae) Lavinia M. RUS 1, Irina IELCIU 1*, Ramona PĂLTINEAN 1, Laurian VLASE 2, Cristina ŞTEFĂNESCU 1, Gianina CRIŞAN 1 1“Iuliu Ha ţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] ; [email protected] (*corresponding author); [email protected] ; [email protected] ; [email protected] 2“Iuliu Ha ţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, 12 Ion Creangă, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] Abstract The purpose of this study consisted in the identification of the macroscopic and microscopic characters of the vegetative and reproductive organs of Bryonia alba L., by the analysis of vegetal material, both integral and as powder. Optical microscopy was used to reveal the anatomical structure of the vegetative (root, stem, tendrils, leaves) and reproductive (ovary, male flower petals) organs. Histo-anatomical details were highlighted by coloration with an original combination of reagents for the double coloration of cellulose and lignin. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and stereomicroscopy led to the elucidation of the structure of tector and secretory trichomes on the inferior epidermis of the leaf. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Pollinator Effectiveness Of
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Pollinator Effectiveness of Peponapis pruinosa and Apis mellifera on Cucurbita foetidissima A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Biology by Jeremy Raymond Warner Committee in charge: Professor David Holway, Chair Professor Joshua Kohn Professor James Nieh 2017 © Jeremy Raymond Warner, 2017 All rights reserved. The Thesis of Jeremy Raymond Warner is approved and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2017 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page…………………………………………………………………………… iii Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………... iv List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………... v List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………. vi List of Appendices………………………………………………………………………. vii Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………………... viii Abstract of the Thesis…………………………………………………………………… ix Introduction………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Methods…………………………………………………………………………………... 5 Study System……………………………………………..………………………. 5 Pollinator Effectiveness……………………………………….………………….. 5 Data Analysis……..…………………………………………………………..….. 8 Results…………………………………………………………………………………... 10 Plant trait regressions……………………………………………………..……... 10 Fruit set……………………………………………………...…………………... 10 Fruit volume, seed number, -
Evolutionary Consequences of Dioecy in Angiosperms: the Effects of Breeding System on Speciation and Extinction Rates
EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF DIOECY IN ANGIOSPERMS: THE EFFECTS OF BREEDING SYSTEM ON SPECIATION AND EXTINCTION RATES by JANA C. HEILBUTH B.Sc, Simon Fraser University, 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Zoology) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2001 © Jana Heilbuth, 2001 Wednesday, April 25, 2001 UBC Special Collections - Thesis Authorisation Form Page: 1 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada http://www.library.ubc.ca/spcoll/thesauth.html ABSTRACT Dioecy, the breeding system with male and female function on separate individuals, may affect the ability of a lineage to avoid extinction or speciate. Dioecy is a rare breeding system among the angiosperms (approximately 6% of all flowering plants) while hermaphroditism (having male and female function present within each flower) is predominant. Dioecious angiosperms may be rare because the transitions to dioecy have been recent or because dioecious angiosperms experience decreased diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) compared to plants with other breeding systems. -
Luffa Cylindrica) Seeds Powder and Their Utilization to Improve Stabilized Emulsions
Middle East Journal of Applied Volume : 07 | Issue :03 |July-Sept.| 2017 Sciences Pages: 613-625 ISSN 2077-4613 Functional characterization of luffa (Luffa cylindrica) seeds powder and their utilization to improve stabilized emulsions Rabab H. Salem Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al- Azhar University, Tanta, Egypt. Received: 10 July 2017 / Accepted: 20 August 2017 / Publication date: 28 Sept. 2017 ABSTRACT There is an increased necessity to discover new sources of proteins used as functional ingredients in different food systems. The aim of this research is using luffa (Luffa cylindrica) seeds for producing functional powder can be used as emulsifier agent with studying its nutritional properties. The results showed that, the content of crude protein obtained was 28.45%. The high total carbohydrate (60.95%) for Luffa seeds powder. The most concentrated amino acid in the seeds powder was glutamic acid (11.56 g/100g); while aspartic (10.98g/100g) was the most concentrated non-essential amino acids. On the other hand, the highest scoring essential amino acid was tyrosine (2.60); while threonine was the lowest scoring amino acid (0.97) making it the first limiting amino acid. The results also showed that, the bulk density was 0.40 g/cm3 for seeds powder. The water absorption capacity of luffa seeds powder was 235% while oil absorption capacity was 85% and the least gelation concentration was 12% which reveal its functional properties, thus it can be used for binding water and oil in food systems. The cytotoxic results showed that CC50 value of Luffa seeds powder on BHK cell line was >200 µg/ml. -
Cucurbitaceae”
1 UF/IFAS EXTENSION SARASOTA COUNTY • A partnership between Sarasota County, the University of Florida, and the USDA. • Our Mission is to translate research into community initiatives, classes, and volunteer opportunities related to five core areas: • Agriculture; • Lawn and Garden; • Natural Resources and Sustainability; • Nutrition and Healthy Living; and • Youth Development -- 4-H What is Sarasota Extension? Meet The Plant “Cucurbitaceae” (Natural & Cultural History of Cucurbits or Gourd Family) Robert Kluson, Ph.D. Ag/NR Ext. Agent, UF/IFAS Extension Sarasota Co. 4 OUTLINE Overview of “Meet The Plant” Series Introduction to Cucubitaceae Family • What’s In A Name? Natural History • Center of origin • Botany • Phytochemistry Cultural History • Food and other uses 5 Approach of Talks on “Meet The Plant” Today my talk at this workshop is part of a series of presentations intended to expand the awareness and familiarity of the general public with different worldwide and Florida crops. It’s not focused on crop production. Provide background information from the sciences of the natural and cultural history of crops from different plant families. • 6 “Meet The Plant” Series Titles (2018) Brassicaceae Jan 16th Cannabaceae Jan 23rd Leguminaceae Feb 26th Solanaceae Mar 26th Cucurbitaceae May 3rd 7 What’s In A Name? Cucurbitaceae the Cucurbitaceae family is also known as the cucurbit or gourd family. a moderately size plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera - the most important for crops of which are: • Cucurbita – squash, pumpkin, zucchini, some gourds • Lagenaria – calabash, and others that are inedible • Citrullus – watermelon (C. lanatus, C. colocynthis) and others • Cucumis – cucumber (C. -
Luffa Acutangula and Luffa Aegyptiaca in Sri Lanka Using Morphometric, Organoleptic and Phylogenetic Approaches
RESEARCH ARTICLE The establishment of the species-delimits and varietal-identities of the cultivated germplasm of Luffa acutangula and Luffa aegyptiaca in Sri Lanka using morphometric, organoleptic and phylogenetic approaches S. A. S. M. Kumari1,2, N. D. U. S. Nakandala3☯, P. W. I. Nawanjana3☯, R. M. S. a1111111111 K. Rathnayake3☯, H. M. T. N. Senavirathna3☯, R. W. K. M. Senevirathna3☯, W. M. D. a1111111111 A. Wijesundara3☯, L. T. Ranaweera3☯, M. A. D. K. Mannanayake1, C. K. Weebadde4, S. D. S. a1111111111 2,3 S. SooriyapathiranaID * a1111111111 a1111111111 1 Regional Agriculture Research and Development Centre, Makandura, Gonawila, North Western Province, Sri Lanka, 2 Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 3 Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 4 Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America OPEN ACCESS ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] Citation: Kumari SASM, Nakandala NDUS, Nawanjana PWI, Rathnayake RMSK, Senavirathna HMTN, Senevirathna RWKM, et al. (2019) The establishment of the species-delimits and varietal- Abstract identities of the cultivated germplasm of Luffa acutangula and Luffa aegyptiaca in Sri Lanka using Luffa acutangula and L. aegyptiaca are two vegetable species commonly found in South morphometric, organoleptic and phylogenetic and South East Asia. L. acutangula is widely grown; however, L. aegyptiaca is considered approaches. PLoS ONE 14(4): e0215176. https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215176 as an underutilized crop. The species delimits, phylogenetic positions, and the varietal iden- tities of L. -
Phylogenetic Relationships in the Order Cucurbitales and a New Classification of the Gourd Family (Cucurbitaceae)
Schaefer & Renner • Phylogenetic relationships in Cucurbitales TAXON 60 (1) • February 2011: 122–138 TAXONOMY Phylogenetic relationships in the order Cucurbitales and a new classification of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) Hanno Schaefer1 & Susanne S. Renner2 1 Harvard University, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A. 2 University of Munich (LMU), Systematic Botany and Mycology, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638 Munich, Germany Author for correspondence: Hanno Schaefer, [email protected] Abstract We analysed phylogenetic relationships in the order Cucurbitales using 14 DNA regions from the three plant genomes: the mitochondrial nad1 b/c intron and matR gene, the nuclear ribosomal 18S, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, and 28S genes, and the plastid rbcL, matK, ndhF, atpB, trnL, trnL-trnF, rpl20-rps12, trnS-trnG and trnH-psbA genes, spacers, and introns. The dataset includes 664 ingroup species, representating all but two genera and over 25% of the ca. 2600 species in the order. Maximum likelihood analyses yielded mostly congruent topologies for the datasets from the three genomes. Relationships among the eight families of Cucurbitales were: (Apodanthaceae, Anisophylleaceae, (Cucurbitaceae, ((Coriariaceae, Corynocarpaceae), (Tetramelaceae, (Datiscaceae, Begoniaceae))))). Based on these molecular data and morphological data from the literature, we recircumscribe tribes and genera within Cucurbitaceae and present a more natural classification for this family. Our new system comprises 95 genera in 15 tribes, five of them new: Actinostemmateae, Indofevilleeae, Thladiantheae, Momordiceae, and Siraitieae. Formal naming requires 44 new combinations and two new names in Cucurbitaceae. Keywords Cucurbitoideae; Fevilleoideae; nomenclature; nuclear ribosomal ITS; systematics; tribal classification Supplementary Material Figures S1–S5 are available in the free Electronic Supplement to the online version of this article (http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax). -
Cucumis Sativus and Cucumis Melo and Their Dissemination Into Europe and Beyond
Untangling the origin of Cucumis sativus and Cucumis melo and their dissemination into Europe and beyond AIMEE LEVINSON WRITER’S COMMENT: In Professor Gepts’ course on the evolution of crop plants I learned about the origins and patterns of domestication of many crops we consume and use today. As this was the only plant biology course I took during my time at UC Davis, I wasn’t sure what to expect. We were assigned to write a term paper on the origin of do- mestication of a crop of our choosing. Upon reading the list of possible topics I noticed a strange pairing, cucumber/melon. I thought that it was just a typing error, but to my surprise cucumbers and melons are closely related and from the same genus. I wanted to untangle the domestication history of the two crops, and I quickly learned that uncovering the origins requires evidence across many different disci- plines. Finding the origin of a crop is challenging; as new evidence from different fields comes forward, the origins of domestication often shift. INSTRUCTOR’S COMMENT: In a predominantly urbanized and devel- oped society like California, agriculture—let alone the origins of agri- culture—is an afterthought. Yet, the introduction of agriculture some 10,000 years ago represents one of the most significant milestones in the evolution of humanity. Since then, humans and crops have de- veloped a symbiotic relationship of mutual dependency for continued survival. In her term paper, Aimee Levinson describes in a lucid and succinct way the domestication and subsequent dissemination of two related crops, cucumber and melon. -
5 3948 Renner.Indd
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 20: 53–118 (2013) Th e Cucurbitaceae of India 53 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.20.3948 CHECKLIST www.phytokeys.com Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The Cucurbitaceae of India: Accepted names, synonyms, geographic distribution, and information on images and DNA sequences Susanne S. Renner1, Arun K. Pandey2 1 Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich, Menzingerstr. 67, 80638 Munich, Germany 2 Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India Corresponding author: S. S. Renner ([email protected]), A. K. Pandey ([email protected]) Academic editor: H. Schaefer | Received 3 September 2012 | Accepted 28 December 2012 | Published 11 March 2013 Citation: Renner SS, Pandey AK (2013) Th e Cucurbitaceae of India: Accepted names, synonyms, geographic distribution, and information on images and DNA sequences. PhytoKeys 20: 53–118. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.20.3948 Abstract Th e most recent critical checklists of the Cucurbitaceae of India are 30 years old. Since then, botanical exploration, online availability of specimen images and taxonomic literature, and molecular-phylogenetic studies have led to modifi ed taxon boundaries and geographic ranges. We present a checklist of the Cu- curbitaceae of India that treats 400 relevant names and provides information on the collecting locations and herbaria for all types. We accept 94 species (10 of them endemic) in 31 genera. For accepted species, we provide their geographic distribution inside and outside India, links to online images of herbarium or living specimens, and information on publicly available DNA sequences to highlight gaps in the current understanding of Indian cucurbit diversity. Of the 94 species, 79% have DNA sequences in GenBank, albeit rarely from Indian material. -
Review on Momordica Charantia Linn
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Megala et al. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences SJIF Impact Factor 7.421 Volume 8, Issue 4, 247-260 Review Article ISSN 2278 – 4357 REVIEW ON MOMORDICA CHARANTIA LINN. Megala S.1*, Radha R.2 and Nivedha M.3 1*Department of Pharmacognosy, Madras Medical College, Chennai. 2Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacognosy, Madras Medical College, Chennai. 3Department of Pharmacognosy, Madras Medical College, Chennai. ABSTRACT Article Received on 26 Jan. 2019, Momordica charantia Linn., is also known as bitter gourd and bitter Revised on 15 Feb. 2019, melon belonging to Cucurbitaceae family. This plant cultivated Accepted on 08 March 2019, throughout the India as vegetable crop and used in folk medicine. Plant DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20194-13355 has a important role as source of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins and the leaves are nutritious source of calcium, *Corresponding Author magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron. The fruits and leaves of Megala S. Department of this plant contain a variety of biologically active compounds such as Pharmacognosy, Madras alkaloids, glycosides, saponin, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and Medical College, Chennai. tannins. In traditional medicine, it used as antidiabetic, anticancer, anthelmintic, antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, antifertility and antimicrobial. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review on pharmacological aspects of Momordica charantia. KEYWORDS: Momordica charantia, bitter gourd, vitamins, flavonoids, antidiabetic, antimalarial. INTRODUCTION[4,6,19,24] The plant Momordica charantia L., family Cucurbitaceae, is also known as bitter gourd, bitter melon, balsam pear, bitter cucumber and African cucumber. The word Momordica is derived form the Latin word Mordeo which means to bite and the species name is derived from Greek word and it means beautiful flower. -
Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) Hugo J De Boer1*, Hanno Schaefer2, Mats Thulin3 and Susanne S Renner4
de Boer et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12:108 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/108 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Evolution and loss of long-fringed petals: a case study using a dated phylogeny of the snake gourds, Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) Hugo J de Boer1*, Hanno Schaefer2, Mats Thulin3 and Susanne S Renner4 Abstract Background: The Cucurbitaceae genus Trichosanthes comprises 90–100 species that occur from India to Japan and southeast to Australia and Fiji. Most species have large white or pale yellow petals with conspicuously fringed margins, the fringes sometimes several cm long. Pollination is usually by hawkmoths. Previous molecular data for a small number of species suggested that a monophyletic Trichosanthes might include the Asian genera Gymnopetalum (four species, lacking long petal fringes) and Hodgsonia (two species with petals fringed). Here we test these groups’ relationships using a species sampling of c. 60% and 4759 nucleotides of nuclear and plastid DNA. To infer the time and direction of the geographic expansion of the Trichosanthes clade we employ molecular clock dating and statistical biogeographic reconstruction, and we also address the gain or loss of petal fringes. Results: Trichosanthes is monophyletic as long as it includes Gymnopetalum, which itself is polyphyletic. The closest relative of Trichosanthes appears to be the sponge gourds, Luffa, while Hodgsonia is more distantly related. Of six morphology-based sections in Trichosanthes with more than one species, three are supported by the molecular results; two new sections appear warranted. Molecular dating and biogeographic analyses suggest an Oligocene origin of Trichosanthes in Eurasia or East Asia, followed by diversification and spread throughout the Malesian biogeographic region and into the Australian continent.