Nousletter 2015
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How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton
How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy lectureP 10, 2015 http://www.amherstlecture.org/ the amherst lecture in philosophyP Lecture 10, 2015 How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act Rae Langton Preferred citation Langton, Rae. “How to Get a Norm from a Speech Act.” The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy 10 (2015): 1–33. <http://www.amherstlecture.org/langton2015/>. Abstract Doing things with words can create an ought that was not there before: Jones makes a promise, a master orders a slave. With the former example, Searle ‘derived’ an ought from an is. With the latter, Lewis showed that permissibility follows a ‘rule of accommodation’. The parallel between promise and order suggests that norms, good and bad, can be got from speech acts by accommodation: what is said ‘requires and thereby creates’ what is required, given certain conditions. Authority is such a condition: of a slave master, a desert island leader, a doctor, a quack doctor, a father, or a presidential candidate who ‘normalizes’ a behaviour. Authority can be pre-established, or gained by accommodation. It can be practical, or epistemic. It can belong to the speaker, or be outsourced. These cross-cutting distinctions allow for weakened authority, but a power to enact directives remains. Hearers can assist: in a two-part process, hearers accommodate presupposed authority, which in turn accommodates a speech act, cre- ating a norm. As hearers we may need, sometimes, to stop helping. The Amherst Lecture in Philosophy (ISSN: 1559-7199) is a free on-line journal, published by the Department of Philosophy, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002. -
Christian Social Ethics
How should the protection of privacy, threatened by new technologies like radio frequency identification (RFID), be seen from a Judeo-Christian perspective? A dissertation by Erwin Walter Schmidt submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Master of Theology in the subject Theological Ethics at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Supervisor: Prof Dr Puleng LenkaBula Co-supervisor: Dr Dr Volker Kessler November 2011 1 © 2012-11-10 UNISA, Erwin Walter Schmidt, student no. 4306-490-6 Summary Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a new technology which allows people to identify objects automatically but there is a suspicion that, if people are tracked, their privacy may be infringed. This raises questions about how far this technology is acceptable and how privacy should be protected. It is also initiated a discussion involving a wide range of technical, philosophical, political, social, cultural, and economical aspects. There is also a need to consider the ethical and theological perspectives. This dissertation takes all its relevant directions from a Judeo-Christian theological perspective. On one side the use of technology is considered, and on the other side the value of privacy, its infringements and protection are investigated. According to Jewish and Christian understanding human dignity has to be respected including the right to privacy. As a consequence of this RFID may only used for applications that do not infringe this right. This conclusion, however, is not limited to RFID; it will be relevant for other, future surveillance technologies as well. 2 © 2012-11-10 UNISA, Erwin Walter Schmidt, student no. 4306-490-6 Key terms: Radio frequency identification, privacy, human rights, right to privacy, technology, information and communication technology, privacy enhancing technology, Internet of Things, data protection, privacy impact assessment. -
Announcements/Chronique
Announcements/Chronique OXFORD STUDY AIDS IN PHILOSOPHY The Department of Philosophy of the University of Calgary, Canada, is pleased to announce that the Oxford Study Aids in Philosophy Series is now printed in Calgary for distribution to Australia, New Zealand and North America. This series of selective bibliographies and short monographs is produced under the auspices of the Sub-Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Oxford, England, and was previously available only from England. The following bibliographies are presently available: I Philosophical Logic by C.A.B. Peacocke and Dana Scott, revised by Martin Davies and Graeme Forbes (3rd ed. 1979), 125 + v pp., $4.00; II Philosophy of Science by R. Harre and W. Newton-Smith (2nd ed. 1977), 69 + iv pp., $3.25; V Kant by R.C.S. Walker (2nd ed. 1978), 68 + v pp., $3.25; VI Philosophy of Mind, part 1 The Self by R.C. Lindley and J.M. Shorter (1977), 76 + iii pp., $3.25; VI Philosophy of Mind, part 2 Philosophy of Action by R.C. Lindley and J.M. Shorter (1977), 62 + iii pp., $3.25; VII Aristotle by Jonathan Barnes, Malcolm Schofield and Richard Sorabji (2nd ed. 1978), 88 + vi pp., $3.75; VIII Philosophy of Physics by W. Newton-Smith (1977), 35 4- iii pp., $2.75; IX Moral Philosophy by John Baker (1977), 144 + xviiipp.,$4.75. The following monograph is also available: Monograph I Notes on Aristotle's Metaphysics Z, recorded by Myles Burneat et al. (1979), 158 + iii pp., $4.50. The above listed prices include postage, but we ask that when orders are to be sent to the U.S.A. -
Mark Schroeder [email protected] 3709 Trousdale Parkway Markschroeder.Net
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ USC School of Philosophy 323.632.8757 (mobile) Mudd Hall of Philosophy Mark Schroeder [email protected] 3709 Trousdale Parkway markschroeder.net Los Angeles, CA 90089-0451 Curriculum Vitae philosophy.academy ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ EDUCATION Ph.D., Philosophy, Princeton University, November 2004, supervised by Gideon Rosen M.A., Philosophy, Princeton University, November 2002 B.A., magna cum laude, Philosophy, Mathematics, and Economics, Carleton College, June 2000 EMPLOYMENT University of Southern California, Professor since December 2011 previously Assistant Professor 8/06 – 4/08, Associate Professor with tenure 4/08 – 12/11 University of Maryland at College Park, Instructor 8/04 – 1/05, Assistant Professor 1/05 – 6/06 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESEARCH INTERESTS My research has focused primarily on metaethics, practical reason, and related areas, particularly including normative ethics, philosophy of language, epistemology, philosophy of mind, metaphysics, the philosophy of action, agency, and responsibility, and the history of ethics. HONORS AND AWARDS Elected to USC chapter of Phi Kappa Phi, 2020; 2017 Phi Kappa Phi Faculty -
Pragmatism, Ethics, and Technology / 10 Pragmatism, Ethics, and Technology Hans Radder Free University of Amsterdam
Techné 7:3 Spring 2004 Radder, Pragmatism, Ethics, and Technology / 10 Pragmatism, Ethics, and Technology Hans Radder Free University of Amsterdam Pragmatist Ethics for a Technological Culture presents a variety of essays on a significant and timely issue. The plan of the book is thoughtful. It comprises nine major chapters, each followed by a brief commentary. The volume is divided into four parts: technology and ethics, the status of pragmatism, pragmatism and practices, and discourse ethics and deliberative democracy. In addition, the introductory and concluding chapters by the editors help to connect the various contributions. Moreover, these chapters sketch an interesting programmatic approach for dealing with the ethical problems of our technological culture. The only complaint one might have about the book's composition is the lack of a subject and name index. In this essay, I will not present the usual summary review but instead offer some reflections on the three main concepts of the book (pragmatism, ethics and technology) and on the way these concepts have been explained, employed and related in the various contributions. My overall conclusion is that, although much can be learned from the book, it also falls short in some respects. The most important problem is that, appearances notwithstanding, the full significance of technology for our ethical problems is not being appropriately acknowledged. Pragmatism Let me start with a preliminary issue. As do most of the authors, I think that it is appropriate to speak of a pragmatist, instead of a merely pragmatic, approach to ethics. As I see it, a pragmatist approach requires the commitment to engage in discursive explanation and argumentation, while a pragmatic approach suggests that these more theoretical activities may be omitted. -
The John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought 1
The John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought 1 The John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought Department Website: http://socialthought.uchicago.edu Chair • Robert Pippin Professors • Lorraine Daston • Wendy Doniger • Joel Isaac • Hans Joas • Gabriel Lear • Jonathan Lear • Jonathan Levy • Jean Luc Marion • Heinrich Meier • Glenn W. Most • David Nirenberg • Thomas Pavel • Mark Payne • Robert B. Pippin • Jennifer Pitts • Andrei Pop • Haun Saussy • Laura Slatkin • Nathan Tarcov • Rosanna Warren • David Wellbery Emeriti • Wendy Doniger • Leon Kass • Joel Kraemer • Ralph Lerner • James M. Redfield • David Tracy About the Committee The John U. Nef Committee on Social Thought was established as a degree granting body in 1941 by the historian John U. Nef (1899-1988), with the assistance of the economist Frank Knight, the anthropologist Robert Redfield, and Robert M. Hutchins, then President of the University. The Committee is a group of diverse scholars sharing a common concern for the unity of the human sciences. Their premises were that the serious study of any academic topic, or of any philosophical or literary work, is best prepared for by a wide and deep acquaintance with the fundamental issues presupposed in all such studies, that students should learn about these issues by acquainting themselves with a select number of classic ancient and modern texts in an inter- disciplinary atmosphere, and should only then concentrate on a specific dissertation topic. It accepts qualified graduate students seeking to pursue their particular studies within this broader context, and aims both to teach precision of scholarship and to foster awareness of the permanent questions at the origin of all learned inquiry. -
Expressivism About Making and Truth -Making
EXPRESSIVISM ABOUT MAKING AND TRUTH-MAKING EL EXPRESIVISMO ACERCA DE LAS DECISIONES Y LA VERDAD EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES STEPHEN BARKER University of Nottingham, UK. [email protected] RECIBIDO EL 25 DE MARZO DE 2014 Y APROBADO EL 25 DE JUNIO DE 2014 RESUMEN ABSTRACT El objetivo es iluminar la verdad acerca My goal is to illuminate truth-making de la toma de decisiones a modo de dar by way of illuminating the relation of luces sobre la relación de las decisiones. making. My strategy is not to ask what La estrategia no es preguntar lo qué es una making is; in the hope of a metaphysi- decisión; con la esperanza de una teoría cal theory about is nature. It’s rather to metafísica sobre lo que la naturaleza es. look first to the language of making. The Es, más bien, observar primero el lenguaje metaphor behind making refers to agency. de las decisiones. La metáfora detrás de la It would be absurd to suggest that claims toma de decisiones se remite a la agencia. about making are claims about agency. It No es absurdo, sin embargo, proponer is not absurd, however, to propose that que el concepto de toma de decisiones the concept of making somehow emerges de alguna manera se desprende de una from some feature to do with agency. característica que tiene que ver con la That’s the contention to be explored in agencia. Esta es la afirmación que explora this paper. The way to do this is through este trabajo. La manera de hacerlo es a expressivism. -
Comment Fundamentalism and Science
SISSA – International School for Advanced Studies Journal of Science Communication ISSN 1824 – 2049 http://jcom.sissa.it/ Comment Fundamentalism and science Massimo Pigliucci The many facets of fundamentalism. There has been much talk about fundamentalism of late. While most people's thought on the topic go to the 9/11 attacks against the United States, or to the ongoing war in Iraq, fundamentalism is affecting science and its relationship to society in a way that may have dire long-term consequences. Of course, religious fundamentalism has always had a history of antagonism with science, and – before the birth of modern science – with philosophy, the age-old vehicle of the human attempt to exercise critical thinking and rationality to solve problems and pursue knowledge. “Fundamentalism” is defined by the Oxford Dictionary of the Social Sciences 1 as “A movement that asserts the primacy of religious values in social and political life and calls for a return to a 'fundamental' or pure form of religion.” In its broadest sense, however, fundamentalism is a form of ideological intransigence which is not limited to religion, but includes political positions as well (for example, in the case of some extreme forms of “environmentalism”). In the United States, the main version of the modern conflict between science and religious fundamentalism is epitomized by the infamous Scopes trial that occurred in 1925 in Tennessee, when the teaching of evolution was challenged for the first time 2,3. That battle is still being fought, for example in Dover, Pennsylvania, where at the time of this writing a court of law is considering the legitimacy of teaching “intelligent design” (a form of creationism) in public schools. -
A Traditionalist's Response to the Falāsifa
The Virtuous Son of the Rational: A Traditionalist’s Response to the Falsifa (Conference Paper for Ancient and Medieval Philosophy, Fordham University, Oct. 14–16, 2005) Nahyan Fancy University of Notre Dame Dimitri Gutas has recently made a strong case for considering the three centuries after Ibn Sn (d. 1037, lat. Avicenna) as the “Golden Age of Arabic Philosophy.”1 He argues that the “originality and depth of philosophical thought” and the “diffusion of philosophical work and influence on society in general” during this period far surpassed that of earlier and later periods.2 He traces the deep penetration of falsafa3 into Islamic intellectual life to the towering figure of Ibn Sn himself, who, by engaging with the religious and theological concerns and discussions of his day, made falsafa relevant for all subsequent discussions on philosophical and theological topics.4 Recent work by Robert Wisnovsky and Ayman Shihadeh has substantiated Gutas’s claim by further illuminating how much Ibn Sn was influenced by and, in turn, influenced subsequent theological discussions in kalm5 and other religious circles.6 What is abundantly clear from these studies is that thirteenth century philosophical and theological discussions had to contend with Ibn Sn’s sophisticated philosophical system, for it rationally defended and interpreted religious doctrines and 1 Dimitri Gutas, “The Heritage of Avicenna: The Golden Age of Arabic Philosophy, 1000–ca. 1350,” in Avicenna and His Heritage: Acts of the International Colloquium, Leuven-Louvain-La-Neuve, September 8–September 11, 1999, ed. Jules Janssens and Daniel De Smet (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2002), pp. 81–97. -
A Natural Case for Realism: Processes, Structures, and Laws Andrew Michael Winters University of South Florida, [email protected]
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 3-20-2015 A Natural Case for Realism: Processes, Structures, and Laws Andrew Michael Winters University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Philosophy of Science Commons Scholar Commons Citation Winters, Andrew Michael, "A Natural Case for Realism: Processes, Structures, and Laws" (2015). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5603 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Natural Case for Realism: Processes, Structures, and Laws by Andrew Michael Winters A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Co-Major Professor: Douglas Jesseph, Ph.D. Co-Major Professor: Alexander Levine, Ph.D. Roger Ariew, Ph.D. Otávio Bueno, Ph.D. John Carroll, Ph.D. Eric Winsberg, Ph.D. Date of Approval: March 20th, 2015 Keywords: Metaphysics, Epistemology, Naturalism, Ontology Copyright © 2015, Andrew Michael Winters DEDICATION For Amie ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thank you to my co-chairs, Doug Jesseph and Alex Levine, for providing amazing support in all aspects of my tenure at USF. I greatly appreciate the numerous conversations with my committee members, Roger Ariew, Otávio Bueno, John Carroll, and Eric Winsberg, which resulted in a (hopefully) more refined and clearer dissertation. -
Ordinary Technoethics
Ordinary Technoethics MICHEL PUECH Philosophy, Paris-Sorbonne University, Paris, France Email: [email protected] Web site: http://michel.puech.free.fr ABSTRACT From recent philosophy of technology emerges the need for an ethical assessment of the ordinary use of technological devices, in particular telephones, computers, and all kind of digital artifacts. The usual method of academic ethics, which is a top-down deduction starting with metaethics and ending in applied ethics, appears to be largely unproductive for this task. It provides “ideal” advice, that is to say formal and often sterile. As in the opposition between “ordinary language” philosophy and “ideal language” philosophy, the ordinary requires attention and an ethical investigation of the complex and pervasive use of everyday technological devices. Some examples indicate how a bottom-up reinvention of the ethics of technology can help in numerous techno-philosophical predicaments, including ethical sustainability. downloaded on http://michel.puech.free.fr 1/21 This paper resists “Ideal Technoethics”, which is implicit in mainstream academic applied ethics approaches and is currently favored by the bureaucratic implementation of ethics in public and private affairs. Instead, some trends in philosophy of technology emphasize the importance of ordinary technologically- laden behaviors. If we take this approach one step further, it leads to ordinary technoethics. In my take on ordinary technology, values are construed differently, starting from the importance of the ordinary use of technology (humble devices and focal1 familiar practices). The primacy of use in the history of the Internet provides a paradigm for the ordinary empowerment of users. What are the ethical consequences of this empowerment, and how is the average human being today equipped to address them in the innumerable micro-actions of ordinary life? Technoethics Technoethics as a research and practice field is situated in between philosophy of technology and applied ethics. -
A Metaphysical Approach to Environmental Sustainability- Alfred
A METAPHYSICAL APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: ALFRED NORTH WHITEHEAD’S PROCESS PHILOSOPHY By DYNESIUS NYANGAU C50/79646/2015 A Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Arts in Philosophy, University of Nairobi 2016 DECLARATION I declare that this research project is my original work and has not been presented for examination in any other university. __________________________ _______________________________ Sign Date Dynesius Nyangau C50/79646/2015 This research project has been submitted for examination with my approval as the university supervisor. ____________________________ _______________________________ Sign Date Dr. Patrick O. Nyabul Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies University of Nairobi ii DEDICATION To the late Professor Joseph Nyasani, in whose sense of duty I will ever remain, for his acerbic academic discernment, resolute inspiration and unflagging demonstration of the most philosophical audacity, charity and bounteousness in the face of great hardship. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I hold with esteem the input of Prof. Stephen Ifedha Akaranga, the Head of Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies for his specific contribution on methodology while working on this document. I remain indebted to my supervisor Dr. Patrick O. Nyabul for his dedication, continuous review and guidance throughout the study. I acknowledge with gratitude the input of Prof. Karori Mbugua and Prof. Solomon Monyenye who listened, critiqued, and helped me organize my thoughts before beginning to put down the proposal for this project. I thank my educators Dr. Francis Owakah and Dr. Oriare Nyarwath, whose constructive criticism and input helped shape up this work. I express gratitude to Dr.