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Conserving Wildlife in African Landscapes Kenya’S Ewaso Ecosystem
Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press smithsonian contributions to zoology • number 632 Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press AConserving Chronology Wildlife of Middlein African Missouri Landscapes Plains Kenya’sVillage Ewaso SitesEcosystem Edited by NicholasBy Craig J. M. Georgiadis Johnson with contributions by Stanley A. Ahler, Herbert Haas, and Georges Bonani SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of “diffusing knowledge” was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: “It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge.” This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to History and Technology Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institu- tions throughout the world. Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affilia- tion with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. -
Phytolith Analysed to Compare Changes in Vegetation Structure of Koobi Fora and Olorgesailie Basins Through the Mid- Pleistocene-Holocene Periods
Phytolith analysed to Compare Changes in Vegetation Structure of Koobi Fora and Olorgesailie Basins through the Mid- Pleistocene-Holocene Periods. By KINYANJUI, Rahab N. Student number: 712138 Submitted on 28th February, 2017 Submitted the revised version on 22nd February, 2018 Declaration A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science in fulfilment of the requirements for PhD degree. At School of Geosciences, Evolutionary Studies Institute (ESI) University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg South Africa. I declare that this is my own unaided work and has not been submitted elsewhere for degree purposes KINYANJUI, Rahab N. Student No. 712138 ii Abstract Phytolith analyses to compare changes in vegetation structure of Koobi Fora and Olorgesailie Basins through Mid-Pleistocene-Holocene Periods. By Rahab N Kinyanjui (Student No: 712138) Doctor of Philosophy in Palaeontology University of Witwatersrand, South Africa School of Geological Sciences, Evolutionary Science Institute (GEOS/ESI) Supervisor: Prof Marion Bamford. The Koobi Fora and Olorgesailie Basins are renowned Hominin sites in the Rift Valley of northern and central Kenya, respectively with fluvial, lacustrine and tuffaceous sediments spanning the Pleistocene and Holocene. Much research has been done on the fossil fauna, hominins and flora with the aim of trying to understand when and how the hominins evolved, and how the environment impacted on their behaviour, land-use and distribution over time. One of the most important factors in trying to understand the hominin-environment relationship is firstly to reconstruct the environment. Important environmental factors are the climate, rate or degree of climate change, vegetation structure and resources, floral and faunal resources. Vegetation structure/composition is a key component of the environments and, it has been hypothesized the openness and/or closeness of vegetation structure played a key role in shaping the evolutionary history not only of man but also other mammals. -
Lake Turkana National Parks - 2017 Conservation Outlook Assessment (Archived)
IUCN World Heritage Outlook: https://worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org/ Lake Turkana National Parks - 2017 Conservation Outlook Assessment (archived) IUCN Conservation Outlook Assessment 2017 (archived) Finalised on 26 October 2017 Please note: this is an archived Conservation Outlook Assessment for Lake Turkana National Parks. To access the most up-to-date Conservation Outlook Assessment for this site, please visit https://www.worldheritageoutlook.iucn.org. Lake Turkana National Parks عقوملا تامولعم Country: Kenya Inscribed in: 1997 Criteria: (viii) (x) The most saline of Africa's large lakes, Turkana is an outstanding laboratory for the study of plant and animal communities. The three National Parks serve as a stopover for migrant waterfowl and are major breeding grounds for the Nile crocodile, hippopotamus and a variety of venomous snakes. The Koobi Fora deposits, rich in mammalian, molluscan and other fossil remains, have contributed more to the understanding of paleo-environments than any other site on the continent. © UNESCO صخلملا 2017 Conservation Outlook Critical Lake Turkana’s unique qualities as a large lake in a desert environment are under threat as the demands for water for development escalate and the financial capital to build major dams becomes available. Historically, the lake’s level has been subject to natural fluctuations in response to the vicissitudes of climate, with the inflow of water broadly matching the amount lost through evaporation (as the lake basin has no outflow). The lake’s major source of water, Ethiopia’s Omo River is being developed with a series of major hydropower dams and irrigated agricultural schemes, in particular sugar and other crop plantations. -
Later Stone Age Toolstone Acquisition in the Central Rift Valley of Kenya
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 18 (2018) 475–486 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jasrep Later Stone Age toolstone acquisition in the Central Rift Valley of Kenya: T Portable XRF of Eburran obsidian artifacts from Leakey's excavations at Gamble's Cave II ⁎ ⁎⁎ Ellery Frahma,b, , Christian A. Tryonb, a Yale Initiative for the Study of Ancient Pyrotechnology, Council on Archaeological Studies, Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States b Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge, MA, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The complexities of Later Stone Age environmental and behavioral variability in East Africa remain poorly Obsidian sourcing defined, and toolstone sourcing is essential to understand the scale of the social and natural landscapes en- Raw material transfer countered by earlier human populations. The Naivasha-Nakuru Basin in Kenya's Rift Valley is a region that is not Naivasha-Nakuru Basin only highly sensitive to climatic changes but also one of the world's most obsidian-rich landscapes. We used African Humid Period portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analyses of obsidian artifacts and geological specimens to understand pat- Hunter-gatherer mobility terns of toolstone acquisition and consumption reflected in the early/middle Holocene strata (Phases 3–4 of the Human-environment interactions Eburran industry) at Gamble's Cave II. Our analyses represent the first geochemical source identifications of obsidian artifacts from the Eburran industry and indicate the persistent selection over time for high-quality obsidian from Mt. Eburru, ~20 km distant, despite changes in site occupation intensity that apparently correlate with changes in the local environment. -
On the Conservation of the Cultural Heritage in the Kenyan Coast
THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON THE CONSERVATION OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE KENYAN COAST BY PHILEMON OCHIENG’ NYAMANGA - * • > University ol NAIROBI Library "X0546368 2 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE INSTITUTE OF ANTHROPOLOGY, GENDER AND AFRICAN STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI NOVEMBER 2008 DECLARATION This thesis is my original work. It has not been presented for a Degree in any other University. ;o§ Philemon Ochieng’ Nyamanga This thesis has been submitted with my approval as a university supervisor D ate..... J . l U ■ — • C*- imiyu Wandibba DEDICATION This work is dedicated to all heritage lovers and caregivers in memory of my late parents, whose inspiration, care and love motivated my earnest quest for knowledge and committed service to society. It is also dedicated to my beloved daughter. Leticia Anvango TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v List of Figures----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------v List of P la tes---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vi Abbreviations/Acronvms----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vii Acknowledgements-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------viii -
Spiritual Dimensions Wilderness Stewardship Movement of Wildlife in Wilderness Botswana, South Africa INTERNATIONAL Journal of Wilderness
Spiritual Dimensions Wilderness Stewardship Movement of Wildlife in Wilderness Botswana, South Africa INTERNATIONAL Journal of Wilderness DECEMBER 2006 VOLUME 12, NUMBER 3 FEATURES 30 Developing Wilderness Character Monitoring EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVES A Personal Reflection 3 Wilderness Is a Bipartisan Cause BY PETER B. LANDRES BY VANCE MARTIN 32 Chief’s Excellence in Wilderness Stewardship SOUL OF THE WILDERNESS Research Science Award 4 The Spiritual Dimensions of Wilderness A Secular Approach for Resource Agencies EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION BY ROGER KAYE 33 Components of and Barriers to Building Successful Interagency Wilderness Citizen Stewardship STEWARDSHIP Programs 9 One Week in the Life of Wilderness RangerJim Leep BY CONNIE G. MYERS and DON HUNGER BY LES JOSLIN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES 11 A Backcountry Ranger in the White Mountain 37 Walking with Magqubu National Forest Adult Reflections on Boyhood Memories BY NATHAN PETERS BY DOUG WILLIAMSON 13 Out of the Office and on the Ground WILDERNESS DIGEST Eastern Sierra Wilderness Stewardship Corps 42 Announcements BY JAMIE ANDERSON Book Reviews SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 45 Last Great Wilderness: The Campaign to Establish the Arctic NEWS FROM THE ALDO LEOPOLD National Wildlife Refuge WILDERNESS RESEARCH INSTITUTE BY ROGER KAYE 16 Wilderness Stewardship in an Era of Global Changes Reviewed by Chad Dawson BY DAVID J. PARSONS 45 Wilderness Forever: Howard Zahniser and the Path to the 17 The Effects of Veterinary Fences on Wildlife Wilderness Act BY MARK HARVEY Populations in Okavango Delta, Botswana Reviewed by John Shultis BY JOSEPH E. MBAIWA and ONALETSHEPHO I. MBAIWA 46 Beyond Conservation: A Wildland Strategy 24 Modeling Encounters between Backcountry BY PETER TAYLOR Recreationists and Grizzly Bears in Glacier Reviewed by John Shultis National Park 47 NOLS Wilderness Ethics: Valuing and Managing Wild Places BY NICK SANYAL, EDWIN E. -
The Characteristics and Chronology of the Earliest Acheulean at Konso, Ethiopia
The characteristics and chronology of the earliest Acheulean at Konso, Ethiopia Yonas Beyenea,b, Shigehiro Katohc, Giday WoldeGabrield, William K. Harte, Kozo Utof, Masafumi Sudog, Megumi Kondoh, Masayuki Hyodoi, Paul R. Rennej,k, Gen Suwal,1, and Berhane Asfawm,1 aAssociation for Research and Conservation of Culture (A.R.C.C.), Awassa, Ethiopia; bFrench Center for Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; cDivision of Natural History, Hyogo Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Yayoigaoka 6, Sanda 669-1546, Japan; dEES-6/D462, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545; eDepartment of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056; fNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan; gInstitute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Golm, Germany; hLaboratory of Physical Anthropology, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan; iResearch Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; jBerkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA 94709; kDepartment of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; lUniversity Museum, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; and mRift Valley Research Service, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia This contribution is part of the special series of Inaugural Articles by members of the National Academy of Sciences elected in 2008. Contributed by Berhane Asfaw, December 8, 2012 (sent for review November 30, 2012) The Acheulean technological tradition, characterized by a large carcass processing (13, 14), usually interpreted as a part of an (>10 cm) flake-based component, represents a significant techno- advanced subsistence strategy coincident with or postdating the logical advance over the Oldowan. -
Kenyan Stone Age: the Louis Leakey Collection
World Archaeology at the Pitt Rivers Museum: A Characterization edited by Dan Hicks and Alice Stevenson, Archaeopress 2013, pages 35-21 3 Kenyan Stone Age: the Louis Leakey Collection Ceri Shipton Access 3.1 Introduction Louis Seymour Bazett Leakey is considered to be the founding father of palaeoanthropology, and his donation of some 6,747 artefacts from several Kenyan sites to the Pitt Rivers Museum (PRM) make his one of the largest collections in the Museum. Leakey was passionate aboutopen human evolution and Africa, and was able to prove that the deep roots of human ancestry lay in his native east Africa. At Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania he excavated an extraordinary sequence of Pleistocene human evolution, discovering several hominin species and naming the earliest known human culture: the Oldowan. At Olorgesailie, Kenya, he excavated an Acheulean site that is still influential in our understanding of Lower Pleistocene human behaviour. On Rusinga Island in Lake Victoria, Kenya he found the Miocene ape ancestor Proconsul. He obtained funding to establish three of the most influential primatologists in their field, dubbed Leakey’s ‘ape women’; Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey and Birute Galdikas, who pioneered the study of chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan behaviour respectively. His second wife Mary Leakey, whom he first hired as an artefact illustrator, went on to be a great researcher in her own right, surpassing Louis’ work with her own excavations at Olduvai Gorge. Mary and Louis’ son Richard followed his parents’ career path initially, discovering many of the most important hominin fossils including KNM WT 15000 (the Nariokotome boy, a near complete Homo ergaster skeleton), KNM WT 17000 (the type specimen for Paranthropus aethiopicus), and KNM ER 1470 (the type specimen for Homo rudolfensis with an extremely well preserved Archaeopressendocranium). -
Factors Shaping the Conservation of the Critically Endangered Javan
Steven Graham Wilson PhD thesis Factors shaping the conservation of the critically endangered Javan Rhinoceros Rhinoceros sondaicus Steven Graham Wilson Bachelor of Applied Science (Parks, Recreation & Heritage) Master of Environmental Management A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2021 School of Biological Sciences Steven Graham Wilson PhD thesis Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my late brother Stewart 30/04/1965 - 14/10/2019. For ongoing love and support through my thesis journey, you always believed in me, awesome thanks for all the good times and many laughs. I miss you man. Steven Graham Wilson PhD thesis Thesis Abstract The overall objective of this PhD is to conduct innovative research that contributes to improving the long-term survival of the rare and critically endangered Javan rhino, Rhinoceros sondaicus. A single small population of 74 Javan rhinos (October 2020) currently remain globally, all individuals located in a single region on the western tip of Java, Indonesia, in Ujung Kulon National Park. This thesis comprises seven chapters: Chapter 1 introduces the background and applied context for the thesis within the broader literature on the factors shaping the conservation of the Javan rhino. Understanding local community awareness and the implications for the species’ management is critical for the development of future conservation actions for a single population species such as the Javan rhino, as examined in Chapter 2. The Ujung Kulon National Park’s eastern boundary adjoins agricultural lands and resides in Banten Province, one of Indonesia’s most heavily populated regions, which results in continuous human pressure on remaining habitat, wildlife, and protected areas. -
Sibiloi National Park
CAMPING Public campsites: Turkana Campsite (latrines only-no water) and Koobi Fora Campsite (latrines only- no water) Sunset Strip Camp: this popular campsite at Loiyangalani offers a communal dining area, water, showers and lavatories. Contact: Tel (Nairobi) +254 (O)20 891348· Email: [email protected] WHAT TO TAKE WITH YOU: Allsupplies: especially fuel (the last fuel stations are in Marsabit or Maralal), food and water. Also useful are: camping equipment, breakdown equipment and medical kit as well as a camera, binoculars, hat, sunglasses and guidebooks PLEASE RESPECTTHE WILDLIFE CODE Respect the privacy of the wildlife, this is their habitat. Beware of the animals, they are wild and can be unpredictable. Don't crowd the animals or make sudden noises or movements. Don't feed the animals, it upsets their diet and leads to human dependence. Keep quiet, noise disturbs the wildlife and may antagonize your fellow visitors. Stay in your vehicle at all times, except at designated picnic or walking areas. Keep below the maximum speed limit (40kph/25mph). Never drive off-road, this severely damages the habitat. When viewing wildlife keep to a minimum distance of 20 meters and pull to the side of the road so as to allow others to pass. KENYA WILDLIFE SERVICE PARKS AND RESERVES Leave no litter and never leave fires unattended or discard burning objects. • ABERDARE NATIONAL PARK. AMBOSEU NATIONAL PARK. ARABUKO SOKOKE NATIONAL RESERVE. Respect the cultural heritage of Kenya, never take pictures of the local people or their • CENTRAL" SOUTHERN ISLAND NATIONAL PARK. CHYULU HILLS NATIONAL PARK • habitat without asking their permission, respect the cultural traditions of Kenya and • HELLS CATE NATIONAL PARK. -
Areas 1- Ern Africa
Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers, Nos. 71-72, 1990 Diet, Species Diversity and Distribution of African Fossil Baboons Brenda R. Benefit and Monte L. McCrossin Based on measurements ofmolarfeatures shown to befunctionally correlated with the proportions of fruits and leaves in the diets ofextant monkeys, Plio-Pleistocenepapionin baboonsfrom southern Africa are shown to have included more herbaceous resources in their diets and to have exploited more open country habitats than did the highlyfrugivorousforest dwelling eastern African species. The diets ofall species offossil Theropithecus are reconstructed to have included morefruits than the diets ofextant Theropithecus gelada. Theropithecus brumpti, T. quadratirostris and T. darti have greater capacitiesfor shearing, thinner enamel and less emphases on the transverse component ofmastication than T. oswaldi, and are therefore interpreted to have consumed leaves rather than grass. Since these species are more ancient than the grass-eating, more open country dwelling T. oswaldi, the origin ofthe genus Thero- pithecus is attributed tofolivorous adaptations by largepapionins inforest environments rather than to savannah adapted grass-eaters. Reconstructions ofdiet and habitat are used to explain differences in the relative abundance and diversity offossil baboons in eastern andsouthern Africa. INTRODUCTION abundance between eastern and southern Africa is observed for members of the Papionina (Papio, Interpretations of the dietary habits of fossil Cercocebus, Parapapio, Gorgopithecus, and Old World monkeys have been based largely on Dinopithecus). [We follow Szalay and Delson analogies to extant mammals with lophodont teeth (1979) in recognizing two tribes of cercopithe- (Jolly 1970; Napier 1970; Delson 1975; Andrews cines, Cercopithecini and Papionini, and three 1981; Andrews and Aiello 1984; Temerin and subtribes of the Papionini: Theropithecina (gela- Cant 1983). -
1842 KMS Kenya Past and Present Issue 41
Kenya Past and Present Issue 41 DRY ASSOCIATES LTD Investment Group Kenya offers unique financial opportunities for enhancing your economic landscape … focusing may be a problem. At Dry Associates Ltd. we take pride in focusing on these financial opportunities for our corporate and individual clients. Specialists in • Private Wealth Management •Issuance of Fixed Income Securities DRY ASSOCIATES HOUSE Brookside Grove, Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (20) 445-0520/1 +254 (20) 234-9651 Mobile(s): +254 (0) 705 799 971/705 849 429/ 738 253 811 www.dryassociates.com Kenya Past and Present Issue 41, 2014 Contents KMS highlights 2013 ...................................................................................... 3 Patricia Jentz Museum highlights 2013 ................................................................................5 Sharon Kyungu A journey through time: The National Museums of Kenya permanent art collection ...............................................................................11 Lydia Gatundu Galavu Kanga: Stories in the cloth ............................................................................17 Lydia Nafula Tracking the wild dogs of Laikipia ............................................................... 21 Teeku Patel WWII: Kenya’s forgotten Italian connection ............................................... 27 Aldo Manos The rediscovery of Makupa Fort ..................................................................34 Hans-Martin Sommer The return of Joy Adamson ..........................................................................42