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Coagulabilitas, Atis, F hypercoagulabilitas, atis, f. – [hyper- + l. coagulare zráţať] →hyperkoagulabilita. hypercorticoidismus, i, m. – [hyper- + corticoidum kortikoid + -ismus] →hyperkortikoidizmus. hypercortisolismus, i, m. – [hyper- + cortisolum kortizol + -ismus] →hyperkortizolizmus. hypercreatininaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + creatininum kreatinín + g. haima krv] →hyperkreatininémia. hypercryaesthesia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. aisthésis vnímanie] →hyperkryestézia. hypercryalgesia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. kryos chlad + g. algos bolesť] →hyperkryalgézia. hypercupraemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. cuprum meď + g. haima krv] →hyperkuprémia. hypercupriuria, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. cuprum meď + g. úron moč] →hyperkupriúria. hypercyanoticus, a, um – [hyper- + g. kyanos modrý] hypercyanotický, nadmerne cyanotický. hypercyesia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. kyézis gravidita] →hyperkyézia. hypercytémia – [hypercythaemia] abnormálne zvýšenie počtu erytrocytov v periférnej krvi; polycyté- mia. hypercythaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. kytos bunka + g. haima krv] →hypercytémia. hypercytochromia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. kytos bunka + g. chróma farba] hypercytochrómia, zvýšená farbiteľnosť krviniek. hypercytosis, is, f. – [hyper- + g. kytos bunka + -osis stav] hypercytóza, stav charakterizovaný ab- normálne zvýšeným počtom buniek, najmä leukocytov. hyperdactylia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. daktylos prst] →hyperdaktýlia. hyperdactylizmus, i m. – [hyper- + g. daktylos + -ismus] →hyperdaktylizmus. hyperdaktýlia – [hyperdactylia] prítomnosť nadmerného počtu prstov, nadpočetné prsty. hyperdactylizmus, i m. – [hyper- + g. daktylos + -ismus] →hyperdaktylizmus. hyperdensus, a, um – [hyper- + l. densus hustý] hyperdenzný, napr. oblasť pri vyšetrení CT. hyperdicroticus, a, um – [hyper- + g. dikrotos dvakrát tlčúci] vykazujúci výraznú →dikrótiu. hyperdicrotismus, i, m. – [hyper- + g. dikrotos dvakrát tlčúci] extrémna →dikrótia. hyperdiploidia – [hyper- + g. -ploos označenie pre mnohopočetnosť] →aberrationes chromosomales. hyperdipsia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. dipsia smäd] nadmerný intenzívny smäd. hyperdistensio, onis, f. – [hyper- + l. distendere rozťahovať napínať] hyperdistenzia, nadmerné ro- zopnutie, dilatácia. hyperdiuresis, si, f. – [hyper- + diuresis] hyperdiuréza, nadmermé vylučovanie moču, polyúria. Hyperdrol® (Britcair) – antiperspirant; aluminum hydroxychlorid. hyperdynamia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. dynamis sila] zvýšená sila al. svalová aktivita. Hyperdynamia uteri – nadmerné kontrakcie maternice. hyperdynamický – [hyperdynamicus] charakterizovaný zvýšenou silou, aktivitou. hypereccrisis, si, f. – [hyper- + g. ekkrisis vylučovanie] hyperekrízia, stav charakterizovaný nadmer- ným vylučovaním. hyperechema, tis, n. – [hyper- + g. échéma zvuk] zvýšené vnímanie zvukových podnetov. hyperechový – dávajúci nadmerné echo al. viaceré ozveny; týka sa tkaniva al. štruktúr, kt. odráţajú viaceré ultrazvukové vlny; →ultrasonografia. hyperekplexia – [hyperecplexis] angl. startle disease (choroba zo zľaknutia), AD al. AR de-dičná choroba podmienená poruchou 1-podjednotky glycínového receptora (väzba strychnínu); patol. gén je na chromozóme 5q33–q35. Prejavuje sa rigiditou a myoklóniami po náhlom podnete. Manifestuje sa uţ v ranom detstve hypertóniou a myoklóniami. V th. sa osvedčuje klonazepam. Mutáciou génu pre podjednotku 1- a -glycínového receptora na chromozóme 4q31.3 je podmienená spastickosť myší. Nekompetitívnym antagonistom Cl– kanála aktivovaného glycínom je pikrotoxín, kompetetitív- nym antagonistom Cl– kanála vrátkovaného glycínom je strychnín. hyperelasticitas, atis, f. – [hyper- + g. elassún zmenšovať, elastikos roztiahnuteľný] hyperelastickosť, zvýšená pruţnosť. hyperelectrolytaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + electrolytos elektrolyt + g. haima krv] zvýšená koncentrácia elektrolytov v krvi. hyperemesis, is, f. – [hyper- + g. emesis vracanie] hypereméza, nadmerné vracanie Hyperemesis gravidarum – vracanie gravidných ţien; →gestosis. Hyperemesis lactantium – vracanie dojčiat, napr. pri vrodenom zúţení pyloru. hyperémia – [hyperaemia] prekrvenie, zvýšený prietok krvi v orgáne al. v ohraničenej oblasti tkaniva. Aktívna hyperémia – artériová h. Artériová hyperémia – syn. aktívna, fluxná, tepnová h., je funkčný stav charakterizovaný zvýšeným prietokom krvi rozšírenými vlásočnicami. Prídavné cievy, kt. sú za pokojových podmienok kontrak- ciou cievy celkom uzavreté al. prepúšťajú len krvnú plazmu bez krviniek (vasa serosa), sa otvárajú. Napr. pri zvýšenom pracovnom zaťaţení sa rozširujú všetky kapiláry v myokarde a kostrovom svale, čím sa zvyšuje prietok krvi kapilárami i arteriolami, a tým prívod kyslíka a ţivín týmto tkanivám. Fluxná h. je z veľkej časti ovládaná reflexne, ale vyvolávajú ju aj látky, kt. vznikajú v činnom orgáne, pp. vplyvom začiatočnej ischémie (hypoxie). Pre podobnosť ich účinku s histamínom ich Lewis na- zval substancie H. Fluxná hyperémia – artériová h. Pasívna hyperémia – nadmerné prekrvenie tkaniva následkom prekáţky odtoku ţilovej krvi Peristatická hyperémia – spája sa s poškodením tkaniva škodlivinou vyvolávajúcou zápal. Prejavu- je sa max. dilatáciou kapilár bez adekvátneho rozšírenia arteriol. Ide o následok pôsobenia histamí- nu a jemu podobných látok (substancie H). Prietok krvi kapilárami je pritom veľmi spomalený, takţe krvinky sa namiesto pôvodného axiálneho prúdenia dostávajú do styku so stenou kapilár, cez kt. môţu prenikať navonok (emigrácia leukocytov a i. krvných elementov). Súčasne z krvného riečiska uniká tekutina s plazmatickými bielkovinami (zápalová exsudácia). Stratou tekutej zloţky krvi sa zvyšuje viskozita krvi v dilatovaných kapilárach a krvný prúd sa takmer zastaví (peristáza). V okolí zápalového loţiska vzniká h. väčšieho rozsahu ako je dosah škodliviny vyvolávajúcej zápal. Zápalo- vá škodlivina v mieste zápalu totiţ dráţdi nervové zakončenia a vyvoláva h. axónovým reflexom (ref- lexná h.); →zápal. Bierova hyperémia →Bierova hyperemizácia. Fluxná hyperémia – artériová h. Miestna hyperémia – môţe byť artériová, peristatická al. venózna. Reaktívna hyperémia – zvýšený prietok krvi v oblasti po úprave prechodne zastaveneného krvného prúdu. Reflexná hyperémia – peristatická h. Tepnová hyperémia – artériová h. Venózna hyperémia – vzniká zamedzením al. sťaţením odtoku krvi ţilami s upchatým priesvitom (napr. trombom) al. ich stlačením (nádorom, fibróznym pruhom ap.). Pretoţe ţily majú početné kola- terály, vzniká výrazná miestna ţilová h. len pri znehodnotení kolaterálneho obehu. Kapiláry sú pri miestnej ţilovej h. max. preplnené krvou. Vysoký TK v kapilárach zapríčiňuje únik tekutiny z krvného riečiska do tkanív, príp. telových dutín (transsudácia). Ak sa prietok krvi v kapilárach zastaví (stáza) môţe vzniknúť v príslušnej oblasti hypoxemická nekróza; hemoragické →infarzovanie. hyperencephalia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. enkephalos mozog] vrodená malformácia, pri kt. chýba lebková klenba. hyperendemický – [hyperendemicus] rovnako endemický vo všetkých skupinách populácie; por. ho- loendemický. hyperendemicus, a, um – [hyper- + endémos prítomný, zotrvávajúci na mieste] →hyperendemický. hypereosinophilia, e, f. – [hyper- + eosinum eozín+ g. filiá priazeň] →hypereozinofília. hypereozinofília – [hypereosinophilia] zvýšený počet eozinofilných leukocytov v periférnej krvi (>0,44.109/l, t. j. 6 %. Vyskytuje sa pri alergických chorobách (asthma bronchiale), parazitárnych infek- ciách (najmä invazívnymi hlístami), polyarteriitis nodosa, koţných chorobýách (najmä pemfigus, ţih- ľavka, ekzém), eozinofilnej leukémii, po oţiarení, pri Löfflerovom sy., v priebehu rekonvalescencie po infekčných chorobách. hypereozinofilný syndróm – reštrikčná kardiomyopatia, neuropatia, hepatosplenomegália so zvý- šebným počtom eozinofilov v periférnej krvi (>1,5.109/L) trvajúce 6 týţd. Dočasná úľava sa dosahuje aplikácii kortikoidov al. cytostatík. hyperepinephria, ae, f. – [hyper- + epinephrinum epinefrín + -ia stav] hyperepinefria, zvýšená činnosť nadobličiek; hyperadrenalinizmus. hyperepinephrinaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + epinephrinum epinefrín + g. haima krv] hyperepinefrinémia; →hyperadrenalinémia. hyperergia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. ergon dielo] nadmerná odpoveď pri testovaní koţnej reaktivity po intradermálnom podaní antigénu. hyperergický – [hyperergicus] dávajúci nadmernú odpoveď, hyperreaktívny; podmienený hyperer- giou, napr. hyperergická encefalitída. hypererythrocytaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + erythrocytus erytrocyt + g. haima krv] →hypererytrocytémia. hypererytrocytémia – [hypererythrocythaemia] zvýšený počet červených krviniek v periférnej krvi; polyglobúlia. hyperesophoria, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. esó dovnútra + g. forá nosenie] →hyperezofória. hyperestézia – [hyperaesthesia] zvýšená →citlivosť. hyperoestrogenaemia, ae, f. – [hyper- + oestrogenum estrogén + g. haima krv] hyperestrogenémia, zvýšená koncentrácia →estrogénov v krvi. hyperoestrogenismus, i, m. – [hyper- + oestrogenum estrogén + -ismus] hyperestrogenizmus, stav charakterizovaný zvýšenou sekréciou →estrogénov. hypereuryopia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. eurys široký + g. óps-ópos oko] hypereuryopia, euryopia, nad- merne široko otvorené oči. hypereuryprosopia, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. eurys široký + g. prosópon tvár] hypereuryprozopia, nad- merne široká tvár. hyperevolutismus, i, m. – [hyper- + l. evolutio vývoj + -ismus] hyperevolutizmus, stav charakterizo- vaný nadmerným vývojom. hyperexcretio, onis, f. – [hyper- + l. excernere vylučovať] hyperexkrécia, nadmerné vylučovanie. hyperexophoria, ae, f. – [hyper- + g. exo- von + g. forein nosiť] hyperexoforia, úchylka očnej osi na- hor a navonok. hyperextensibilitas, atis, f. – [hyper- + l. extendere
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