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China Data Supplement
China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the -
State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) Social Histories of Work in Asia
SOCIAL HISTORIES OF WORK IN ASIA Moll-Murata State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) Qing the in Crafts and State Christine Moll-Murata State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) State and Crafts in the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) Social Histories of Work in Asia For centuries Asian workers provided their own societies and the world with manufactures, spices, rice and many other items. Recruitment, organization and control of sufficient amounts of labour have been essential to keep the Asian economies and societies going. This series aims at looking into these dynamics in depth, acknowledging the wide-ranging variety of social trajectories including labour values and cultural connotations, ecological constraints and different degrees of market orientations. The series aims to be a meeting place between experts from a variety of disciplines; from linguistics to history and social sciences. The core ambition of the series is to explain different types of labour (share cropping, wage labour, slavery, casual or precarious labour) within a wider cultural, economic and ecological context. Topics such as guilds, circulation of labour, gender stratifications, religious and ethnic identities or modes of labour control are all relevant to this approach. Other topics may be balancing these more structural considerations by departing from the workers’ perspectives and their actions: ranging from collective action and daily resistance to life cycles and their relationship to labour. Geographically the series will cover the space from East -
Succeeding in Mobile Application Markets
Succeeding in Mobile Application Markets (From Development Point of View) by Ehsan Noei A thesis submitted to the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada September 2018 Copyright c Ehsan Noei, 2018 Abstract Mobile application (app) markets, such as Google Play Store, are immensely compet- itive for app developers. Receiving high star-ratings and achieving higher ranks are two important elements of success in the market. Therefore, developers continuously enhance their apps to survive and succeed in the competitive market of mobile apps. We investigate various artifacts, such as users' mobile devices and users' feedback, to identify the factors that are statistically significantly related to star-ratings and ranks. First, we determine app metrics, such as user-interface complexity, and device metrics, such as screen size, that share a significant relationship with star-ratings. Hence, developers would be able to prioritize their testing efforts with respect to cer- tain devices. Second, we identify the topics of user-reviews (i.e., users' feedback) that are statistically significantly related to star-ratings. Therefore, developers can narrow down their activities to the user-reviews that are significantly related to star-ratings. Third, we propose a solution for mapping user-reviews (from Google Play Store) to issue reports (from GitHub). The proposed approach achieves a precision of 79%. Fourth, we identify the metrics of issue reports prioritization, such as issue report title, that share a significant relationship with star-ratings. Finally, we determine the rank trends in the market. -
The First Emperor: Selections from the Historical Records (Oxford
oxford world’s classics THE FIRST EMPEROR Sima Qian’s Historical Records (Shiji), from which this selection is taken, is the most famous Chinese historical work, which not only established a pattern for later Chinese historical writing, but was also much admired for its literary qualities, not only in China, but also in Japan, where it became available as early as the eighth cen- tury ad. The work is vast and complex, and to appreciate its nature it is necessary to make a selection of passages concerning a particu- lar period. To this end the short-lived Qin Dynasty, which unified China in the late third century bc, has been chosen for this transla- tion as a key historical period which well illustrates Sima’s method. Sima himself lived from 145 bc to about 86 bc. He inherited the post of Grand Historiographer from his father, and was so deter- mined to complete his work that he suffered the penalty of castra- tion rather than the more honourable alternative of death when he fell foul of the Emperor. Raymond Dawson was an Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford. He was Editor of The Legacy of China (1964) and his other publications include The Chinese Chameleon: An Analysis of European Conceptions of Chinese Civilization (1967), Imperial China (1972), The Chinese Experience (1978), Confucius (1982), A New Introduction to Classical Chinese (1984), and the Analects (Oxford World’s Classics, 1993). K. E. Brashier is Associate Professor of Religion (Chinese) and Humanities (Chinese) at Reed College. oxford world’s classics For over 100 years Oxford World’s Classics have brought readers closer to the world’s great literature. -
An Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of Javascript Programs
An Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of JavaScript Programs Gregor Richards Sylvain Lebresne Brian Burg Jan Vitek S3 Lab, Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN {gkrichar,slebresn,bburg,jv}@cs.purdue.edu Abstract becoming a general purpose computing platform with office appli- The JavaScript programming language is widely used for web cations, browsers and development environments [15] being devel- programming and, increasingly, for general purpose computing. oped in JavaScript. It has been dubbed the “assembly language” of the Internet and is targeted by code generators from the likes As such, improving the correctness, security and performance of 2,3 JavaScript applications has been the driving force for research in of Java and Scheme [20]. In response to this success, JavaScript type systems, static analysis and compiler techniques for this lan- has started to garner academic attention and respect. Researchers guage. Many of these techniques aim to reign in some of the most have focused on three main problems: security, correctness and dynamic features of the language, yet little seems to be known performance. Security is arguably JavaScript’s most pressing prob- about how programmers actually utilize the language or these fea- lem: a number of attacks have been discovered that exploit the lan- tures. In this paper we perform an empirical study of the dynamic guage’s dynamism (mostly the ability to access and modify shared behavior of a corpus of widely-used JavaScript programs, and an- objects and to inject code via eval). Researchers have proposed ap- alyze how and why the dynamic features are used. -
USCC 2008 ANNUAL REPORT 2008 REPORT to CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC and SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION
USCC 2008 ANNUAL REPORT 2008 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION NOVEMBER 2008 Printed for the use of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.uscc.gov 1 2008 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION NOVEMBER 2008 Printed for the use of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.uscc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 2008 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION LARRY M. WORTZEL, Chairman CAROLYN BARTHOLOMEW, Vice Chairman COMMISSIONERS PETER T.R. BROOKES Hon. WILLIAM A. REINSCH DANIEL A. BLUMENTHAL Hon. DENNIS C. SHEA MARK T. ESPER DANIEL M. SLANE JEFFREY L. FIEDLER PETER VIDENIEKS Hon. PATRICK A. MULLOY MICHAEL R. WESSEL T. SCOTT BUNTON, Executive Director KATHLEEN J. MICHELS, Associate Director The Commission was created on October 30, 2000, by the Floyd D. Spence National Defense Authorization Act for 2001 § 1238, Pub. L. No. 106–398, 114 STAT. 1654A–334 (2000) (codified at 22 U.S.C. § 7002 (2001), as amended by the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for 2002 § 645 (regarding employment status of staff) & § 648 (regarding changing annual report due date from March to June), Pub. -
Volume 20 • Issue 4 • February 28, 2020
VOLUME 20 • ISSUE 4 • FEBRUARY 28, 2020 IN THIS ISSUE: Beijing Purges Wuhan: The CCP Central Authorities Tighten Political Control Over Hubei Province By John Dotson……………………………………………………pp. 1-6 Beijing’s Appointment of Xia Baolong Signals a Harder Line on Hong Kong By Willy Lam………………………………………………………...pp. 7-11 Fair-Weather Friends: The Impact of the Coronavirus on the Strategic Partnership Between Russia and China By Johan van de Ven………………………………………………...pp. 12-16 The PRC’s Cautious Stance on the U.S. Indo-Pacific Strategy By Yamazaki Amane…………………………………………………pp. 17-22 China’s Declining Birthrate and Changes in CCP Population Policies By Linda Zhang…………………………………………………….…pp. 23-28 Beijing Purges Wuhan: The CCP Central Authorities Tighten Political Control Over Hubei Province John Dotson Introduction: The CCP Center Presses a Positive Narrative About Its Response to COVID-19 Following a slow reaction to the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, since late January the zhongyang (中 央), or central authorities, of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) have conducted a concerted public relations effort to present themselves as actively engaged in directing efforts to combat the epidemic. This has included the creation of a new senior-level CCP “leading small group” focused on the epidemic (China Brief, February 5), and a messaging campaign to assert that CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping has been personally “commanding China’s fight” against the outbreak (Xinhua, February 2). Senior officials have also made a range 1 ChinaBrief • Volume 20 • Issue 4 • February 28, 2020 of recent public appearances intended to demonstrate zhongyang concern for, and control over, the campaign against the epidemic. -
Android 2.X/3.X/4.X対応 アプリ開発tips
Android 2.x/3.x/4.x対応 アプリ開発Tips 2012.3.24 @korodroid(神原 健一) 自己紹介 ■氏名:神原 健一(@korodroid) ■活動:iplatform.org(http://www.iplatform.org/) ■所属:NTTソフトウェア株式会社 ■主な活動(iplatform.org@プライベート) ■Google Play向けアプリ開発(現在18本) 9 10 ■Google Developer Day 2011 Tokyo 基調講演デモ ■Android Developer Lab Tokyo 2011 follow-up 5位入賞 i*deal Competition 2010 ファイナリスト ■ 2 本日のアジェンダ •本発表の題材とするアプリ •背景 •関連キーワードの復習 •開発時に特に考慮すべき点 3 本発表の題材とするアプリ 【セカイフォン】 4 セカイフォンとは? 6ヶ国語に対応した翻訳電話 (2010/01初版開発以降、20回以上のver.up.) 英語 ドイツ語 日本語 ○ イタリア語 フランス語 ○ 中国語○ ○ ○ 5 利用シーン① 通話モード【相手の母国語に自動変換】 英語 日本語 Hello! こんにちは 6 利用シーン② 1人通話モード【会話をその場で変換】 英語 日本語 7 アプリ画面例(Android 2.x) 縦画面 横画面 8 アプリ画面例(Android 3.x) 縦画面 横画面 9 アプリ画面例(Android 4.x) 縦画面 横画面 10 背景 11 背景 アプリ開発のターゲットは? ➡フル対応する場合、現時点では基本的に2.x/3.x/4.x フォン+ハンドセット 主にハンドセット タブレット+タブレット 2.x タブレット 4.x 3.x 12 背景 セカイフォンの2.x/3.x/4.x・マルチデバイス対応時に 気付いた点をお話します(1apkで実現)。 2.x 3.x 4.x 13 関連キーワードの復習 14 Fragmentとは? マルチPaneの画面構成時などに 役立つもの ハンドセットの1例 タブレットの1例 15 Fragmentとは? マルチPaneの画面構成時などに 役立つもの Fragment A Fragment B ハンドセットの1例 タブレットの1例 16 OptionMenuおよびActionBarとは? 「設定」「ヘルプ」など、同画面で 実行したい処理をまとめたもの 2.x 3.x以降 Option Menu Action Bar 17 開発時に特に考慮すべき点 1.UI(最適なレイアウト) 2.API(利用可能なAPI) 18 UI-実現方式① layout-small/normal/large/xlargeによる分離 ○ 1.6以降であれば、利用可能。 7”タブレットと5”ハンドセットが同じlargeに分類 × される場合あり。別レイアウトにしたい時に問題に。 3.0以前で適切なグループ分けされない場合あり。 × 19 UI-実現方式② sw<N>dp,w<N>dp,h<N>dpの利用 概要 補足 (a)layout-sw600dp 縦横ともに600dp以上 画面方向に非依存 (b)layout-w720dp 横が720dp以上 画面方向に依存 (c)layout-h480dp 縦が480dp以上 画面方向に依存 (a)false (a)false (a)true 400dp (b)true 960dp (b)false 720dp (b)true (c)false (c)true (c)true 960dp 1280dp 400dp -
China's Afrika Beleid
China in Afrika: ontwikkelingsland of grootmacht Een neoklassieke analyse van het Afrikabeleid van China tussen 1978-2002 - Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen - Masterthesis Politicologie Internationale Betrekkingen Nijmegen, 27 maart 2013 Ramona Schmetter, 3023249 Begeleider: Dr. Anna van der Vleuten Tweede lezer: Prof. Dr. Bertjan Verbeek Abstract China’s presence on the African continent goes back to the ancient times. China supported African countries during the Cold War mainly on a bilateral basis. In 2000, with the establishment of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), the character of the cooperation between China and African countries changed rapidly to a more multilateral kind. It is not clear what explains the shift from bilateral connections to extended multilateral cooperation. In this masterthesis I tried to offer an explanation for this change in Chinese foreign policy behaviour with the help of the neoclassical realist theory. China’s relative power has increased in the last two decades and while the perception of the China’s foreign policy executive (FPE) changed positively, other internal factors like the power position of the FPE remained relatively unchanged. In fact, this shows some anomalies for the expectations of neoclassical realism. Trefwoorden: Africa, China, foreign policy, Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), neoclassical realism. 2 Voorwoord in het Duits Ich bin keine Frau großer Worte, vorallem nicht schriftlich oder in einer fremden Sprache. Hiermit präsentiere ich Ihnen meine Masterarbeit, das Resultat meiner Bemühungen um sowohl fachkenntlich als auch sprachlich zu beweisen, was ich in den letzten Jahren gelernt habe. Auch wenn der Weg zur Vollendung dieser Masterarbeit steinig war und die eine oder andere Träne geflossen ist, möchte ich diese Zeit nicht missen. -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement May 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 44 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 45 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 52 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC -
Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
China Data Supplement October 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 44 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 48 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 49 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 56 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 60 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
Table of Contents Vol01
TABLE OF CONTENTS VOL01 SESSION 1 COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1-M0176CN1060 EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN COGNITIVE WIRELESS 1 MESH NETWORKS Song Lei,Zhao Cheng,Li Changzheng 2-M0177CN0534 APPLICATION OF APRIORI ALGORITHM IN OPEN EXPERIMENT 6 Li Mengshan,Liu Bingxiang,Wu Yan 3-M0178CN0958 BUILDING INTELLIGENT RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT BASED ON 10 INTERNET OF THINGS TECHNOLOGY Zhiqiang Wei, Ying Zhang, Dongning Jia 4-M0179CN0458 THE APPLICATION OF FIRE SUPERVISING MANAGEMENT 15 INFORMATION SYSTEM ON THE WIRELESS INTERNET YAO Zhiqiang,WANG Huijuan,WU Jianzheng 5-M0180CN0491 MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR WIRELESS BODY 21 AREA NETWORK Jigang Shao,Hanjun Jiang,Chun Zhang,Zhihua Wang 6-M0181CN0563 A NEW TRACK CORRELATION ALGORITHM BASED ON STATISTICS 26 ZHANG Zhang,WANG Xue-bin,Yan Jun 7-M0182CN0741 THE STUDY ON THE UNIVERSITY SPORTS TEAMS IN INFORMATION 30 MANAGEMENT Li Yong,Yi Peng 8-M0183CN0958 GENERAL LAYERED HETEROGENEOUS MODEL OF PARALLEL 33 COMPUTATION Zhiqiang Wei, Wenjuan Shi, Yingying Liu, Jie Nie, Lin Gui 9-M0184CN0958 IMPLEMENTATION OF VISUALIZATION OF HORIZONTAL SLICE IN 38 THREE-DIMENSIONAL SEISMIC DATA VOLUME Xiaopeng Ji, Lin Mou, Zhiqiang Wei, Longbin Shen, Lin Gui 10-M0185CN0491 RFID SENSOR NETWORKS BASED ON PHARMACEUTICAL DRUGS 42 LOGISTICS, STORAGE, SECURITY RESEARCH YINQun,Zhangjianbo 11-M0186CN0659 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL INDEX 46 SYSTEM OF SOFTWARE PROJECT PRESALES MANAGER Ren Yongchang,Xing Tao,Wang Li,Cai Wei 1 SESSION 2 COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 12-M0187CN1599