Malcolm X Part 35 of 38

Home , An Eye on X, Audubon Ballroom, Mae Mallory

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UPI33 YUSLIMSJ A I -in NEW YORK--THREENEGROES WEREINDICTED YESTERDAYBY A GRAND JURY 92 .5. rcn THE SLAYING 0? BLACK NATIONALIST LEADER MALCOLMx AND A rounrn, , .- .- §§%ig§¥§§ BODYGUARD,rcn SHOOTINGAND wouunxnc cu: orTHE ALLEGED .01 "NcnmpN'sxas ANDBUTLER,THCVAS JOHNSON,15x qo--wxcHAVE szzw " I I-Q ~ rzsbnzain BY PcL1ct ASéLAcK MUSLIM MTITIEF 0RES--F92D TALFADGE l maTHAYER ALLEGEDLYALIAS THOMAS1<11.1.1nc xassn 22!DUEREg_,3f.n/I__ mmcm cg;¢= uxrv rxnsr DE as: U°DER 1 A-

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WASHINGTON CAPITAL NEWS SERVICE 0-19 Flev. 12-14-an Tolson Belmont __..._..i Mohr DeL.oo<:h Casper ill Coilohon Conrad iii Felt Gole _.___..._._._..._... Rosen Sullivan ii Tcrvel ---i Trotter _.__._.._ i Minneapolis, Bay_A:ea Tele Roo [Tl -92- Holmes Hold MemorialMeetings Gondy ___i_ MINNEAPOLIS, Feb. 2! - A memorial meeting tor Malcolm X ,- was held here last night, sponsored by the Friday Night Social- ist Forum. Mike Garza reviewed the development of Malcolm X into one oi the world'soutstand- hig revolutionary leaders. The matting was well attended in spite 92- of the worst snowstorm of the H." year. At the end of the meeting, the audience contributed more than $40 to Malcolm: widow, Betty Shabazz,f sympathy. and sent her a message'H SAN FRANCISCO The_M'i1$ii tant Labor Forum held a memo:-I meeting for Malcolm X here March 5, A deeply moved audience o1°/ of about '70 heard a tape-recording of a speech Malcolm X gave at the New York Militant Labor Forum last January, At the conclusion oi the tape, Asher Ha:-er, chairman of the The Woshinqton Post ond meeting, called for a minute of silence and the people present stood to honor the memory of Mal- colm X. Clyde Carter and Aaron Times Herald Ch apman o I th e reeF d om owN The Washington Dolly News ____ Party pagspecial buteto Mg], The Evening Star .¢9lra3.EiBecause o 1 e £25 4.in this New York Herold Tribune 2*- program, the San Francisco Mili- New York Journal-American _...._. tant Labor Forum decided to play New York Daily News 4 other tapes or Malcolm X the tol- lowing two Friday" eventua-_ New York Post in The New York Times s The Baltimore Sun rm-§_»F_~?°-5/"/', ,.The Worker qqgm 1=wr.0RUED. ~/ The New Lender J3 ll".!iR29 1965 The Null Street Journal The Notional Observer ___- ______,,_-- People-'s vim-Id______,,__.i._...- [Into J 7/7Q',9237?}O0 -IL THE MILITANT PAGE 3 f i I - L-J xi

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1- I: F b'92 / 37:!:':te-W" SlayingLl of - Malcolm X NEW YORK,March 11 {UPI} A New mu country grand ivrv ;_ yesterday indictedthree men of first-degree murderchi-P898 in

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I N u Tolson mi " ji _ J_ Ila!--B-15 -As - _'- W I7 1- '7' _____:'______;g:_Jme.. , "__ Belmont _i "_ .r' Mohr __.. 'I'l-l71'MIl'.JDeLooch_.____ gave Six -. - .- _7_ _:-_": '*T_ .7 aa-_~ ere- ___n -gf , Cosperimi FROM ALGERIA ' ' - ~ Callahan? Conrad _ Evans i -@_II192: f Gale _____._ .,__,. A can Reactions to Malcolm Xs Hosea i .-5? - By Henri Dnmoulin various East A111: i,1u. Sullivon i 'ALGIERS In the course of movements, includi hisrecentvisitatoanumberoi sutoland, condemni Tuvel __.__._...___.._ African capitals, the American nation. ' Trotter _._.._._.._. The of Black nationalist leader, Malcolm Teie Room _..____ X, gained much sympathy in mili- di-cole Pan-Africain tant African circles. Two weeks Labor Union] dec Holmes m._._._._ before his assassination, for ex- brutal murder oi M Gundy __.__m_. ample, in its issue of Feb. 13, 1965, live impetus to tl the Algerian weekly Revolution of the A.l'ro-Americ Africaine devoted a doublepage L Jeane A.f1'iq11¢ W F5 K center spread to an article entitled "1*.W.~==1=1=' .1.=92e'==1.i <1? Ttoads to Liberty: Rev. Martin Luther King or Malcolm X." The correspondentCHFIIQG an HI1l-Clsl-l£~CJ article reads, in part: - '= I Which said Parallel with the intensiiicaiziori -It was ditcult , 01 the pacist struggle for civil night of the day .25,is rights in the South, a militant colm was struck c spirit has, for some time now, oi Feb." 21, to nd cg; animated the struggle of the black in the streets '0! E communities in the ghettos oi! the the assassination 1 North. The unemployed youth are the orgamzsuonfn - detuanding their rights to justice can Unity did not and to jobs. In Harlem, the tenants result of a big t oi the overcrowded slums are con- conspiracy to wh ducting rent strik. The tradi- New York tional integrationist leaders, re- were strangers garded as too moderate, are less ' Malcolm X _ For over and less followed by black work- viewed more tha -4 ers who swell the ranks oi na- United States, and a struggle for the black 'a new social order. . - tionalist organizations . . . and old and young, i ".3 state their intention oi using vt~ "The struggle of American Ne- A11 agreed that, '! olence, ii necessary, to defend groes ior equality and justice is consideration thi themselves against the violence oi thus part or the gr-eat_ world sibility of the ii the racists. The idea or a sustained movement against imperialism and struggle against the oppression oi the exploitation oi man by man. of oiElijahMalcolm M_uh|u:nX '0V/[<4 the rich whites - who completely American Negroes have already cuinstanoes suic dominate the economic liie of the begun to be aware of their kin- excite grave M01 Rsconoeo black ghettos and exploit its in- ship with all the worlds oppressed role oi! the whiterhs habitants - is spreading fast. and feel themselves more and authorities and r 61/11!. Uneasy in the face of this up- more in solidarity with all peo- the country." surge or militant feeling, New ples marching toward liberty and The March 6 isrhewe-ran»-= 5-was York's oicialdom has imP°99d 3 fulfillment of their potential as Afri-coin-e again 1" he Times Herold human beings." ticle to the death virtual police reign oi terror on tlnsainatiin Dolly News ____,_ Harlem, while the press Whip! I-P In the liit oi! such an article, "Malcolm x 1,, a campaign oi racist hate . . . one can imagine the feelings of the less than a iearh 'Evenlnq Star ii .Fearing above all that 111$ °P'most clear-sighted and informed revolutionist, sp N"'Yolk Herold Tribune i African militants at the news of pi'essed.black masses will be 3: pressed people New York Journal-American ..i.... the assassination or Malcolm X. to lead _ on the revolutionary socialist id liberation. N "' the municipal authorities reinforce They immediately recognized the Yuri. Mirror rm-I1....i. :- ....1....-1-1.- oppressive measures. '_hand oi Yankee irnpcrialism be- Luat, 15 wiry H-e York Dolly New! _,_,______i And Réuolutio-n Afccine con- hind ilhe hands oi the assassins? ' perislists saw The York Poet " cluded its article as follows: The The Algerian daily, Le Peuple, pion oi 'A.tro-A.:,rhe headlined its issue oi Feb. 27: and a partic kl-nu black people oi the United States nu.- V;-rub 'Flm_- are dscendants oi the slaves "The weakness of the American gngm,y_ The .-.-.-. an-ulra . brought from Attica in chains and authorities is at the root of the ,- I11 hli strugl-I-he Worker they are gll, today, a C01OniZ$ assassination of Malcolm X. ' can racism, M: , New Louder _ ,, In a number oi African capitals, hesitate to mPeople s World and super-exploited people within Dots the very bosom of American 50- there was a wave of protests over W011 Street Journal - ciety. Objectively, the struggle the assassination from ACCT! Notional Observer ii against discrimination and- raisln where it was declared that the in a struggle against the e blink people oi America would. _n structure the econon:lc_ d not be discouraged but would bat- question and se miFG tleontotheer,toCairo, where political organization Di the D05ed allthe to forces U.S. in THE P 1¢gLITANT / .. --ft This concept AGE git.-*;1""f"-"" '"?92'§T" political and m ';J~c":/ rtruggie of the --~--_-_;_-_;_;____J,/ I

J-l9 in.-. :0-me: 1 Tolsnn ii ' A _ cecal I Belmont _i_._ ' 1 W a a b _ Fleesh, " if * ~ 7 ,' - - - _ __ l __'' _ -L1 Ha!-t Monday. Marci1_29. L915 ,1 . RE on non Atsma _< -. .- _ A rioan Reactions to Malcolm Xs Death By Henri Dnmallll ALGEIIIIS -- In the anneal at his noun vhltl to a numb: oi Ah-l-can aapltah. the Amerlnan Black nallonatllt leader. Malcolm K, [lined much sympathy in mill- hnt .A.l'rlcahall-daa. Two nah baton his aaaanl.naw-tn. for aa- amplc, tn lta I53 oi I'eh.1I, H85. 81: Algerian weak]; llvalunn Africahte devoted a double-pale center spread to an uncle entitled Roads In Ubu-tr: Rev. llartin Luther King at Ialanhn 1" ue azlcla reads, tn Dl: "Parallel with the lntenaleatlm at the pacl-It aimed: lae civil rlllll-I in the South. a militant |g|.|-it baa, tar sane time now. anhnated the akule 0! the black otnamtmltlaa In the phetwa B1 l-ll-' lath. hm unemplmd youth are ttnnandlna their rights tn Julie! and tn iobe. taHarlem, the tenants of the one-crowded alums an acn- ductil rant strltea. The traditional lntq-aontat lmdaai, re- ps-ded aa Ia: moderate. n-a has and lua Iollowed h! bla nuk- era who |wel.l the rank! of na- tttqnalut orgaajzatltns state their lntehtli-at at ualna nlmoa, 1! nocnnry di 'Iai I United Etataa, and a gtmagla for aner social cedar. The nruggla at American Ha- gue tar equality and luatlaa la tbua part of the at'eat_wu-hi talhd varlaal Int Milena naduallilt reaail of movunantagainetltnparlallamandnarninanta, lncltalna that ul Ba- the rich whiten who wmpleteb lltnlahd, ombai Illa anall- dominate the economic life at the the exploitation at man by man.naul. black settba and exploit lta in- American Nuns have alnaib 'fheSet:reta1'y¢theUn.taaSya- hlbillntl - ta spreading taa-L begun tn be swan at their Iain-dink Palwtjhcail [Pan-A.trlt-m Un.eu1lnthe!aceoft.h.laup-ampwith allthewm-id: opp:-a-adLabs: Union] dnlarad that the aurle at mlmam leellnl, New and cal thelnaehaa more andhutalmutdc otIl1t:almXIn||Il|I York: olctaildnm bu Lrnwaad a meme in aolldarlty with all goo-n impetus ta the devdapmimt virtual police nip: of tart: on pleamarchlnltowardllhuryandalthemt-manietlcan atrulie. Harlem, while the pt-on Wl1.'|IlI4ll7 Jeane A91-I-aaelfauaa Minn}, acamoailnotndnhate... "Fearing above al.l that the OP mutllment oi their potential aathe swank-1! lruwahatl in rude pinned bl.-ack mans will be Irdi huananhaln. unteamu-ueltuyluntux to 92"¢vnl92.|0Illl'! pocialilt ideas. Inthtllltatsuchanartlala,ct'.a1'nIpli92dl_It, Blml ue municipal authorities relnlarne their opprtilve meastu-ea." wleeanimallneueleollnpolthe And Renal-urlmt Affitatvla C0!!- cluded lta article as follows: Themalt cine-r-allhted and. lnlormad black people tl the United Slate!Mrioan militants at the news at are tl-eacmtdanta of the alavq the aualinatinn at Malcolm X. brought It-om Attica In chains and Thay immediately recognizetlthl they are atl. today, a colonlldhand ul Yankee lmpatalhn ht- and luperczplaiud nawle wllhlhhindthehandaalthauaueina. the very baanau al American ao- '.lhe A-Infill! daily. Le Peupla, clety. Obiecttveltr.the at:-uuleheadlined lta lame at Feb. I1: against oiacrtminauon and "The weakni at the Amati la.a.-ttrllllll Illlhtt .92he authorities Le at the mat at the shuctun - the econom anaaemauonol llalculm 1. palltlal mpnirl-atlon - lnanuanhn'a:92-knneapllnh. gi-1 _ T7. *':E| D the:-ewuawaveotpzoteetaoew l __'@/ the aaaaanatlcal titan Accra. when Lt was declared that the blliek pnunle at America would.

Services in lnclanesia for Malcolm X l WlllialIlWoIt!ty rnpertinl 1Jlaltln:et'aA.t|-a-Azna1'it:an,aan:InraapanaatoanaIpanlI:emIn4laaaaiaintiaIarei I7 lnlnnaala'| nainlllal ll nllll alfalrl, tlth oolultrfa sir. P-sv. 12:14-64!_ as: f I

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"> 92 t vf-'7 y - _ _ L- 4.! The following interview was given byl'7lalcolmX 92.-1 to YOUNG SOCIALIST editorial board members i Jack Barnes and Barry Sheppard early this year. o I U

What image of you has been projected by the press? '9! Well, the press has purposely and skillfully pro- .1; jected me in the image of a racist, a race suprema- 2*, cist, and an extremist.

What's wrongwith frii.s i'r??C1gr.. ffiuyou rectify stand for? First, lm not a racist. l'magainst every form of racism and segregation, every form of discrimination. l believe in human beings, and thatall human beings should be respected as such, regardless of their color. 5/ Why did you break with the Black Mirslinis? l didn'tbreak, there was a split. 'lhe splitcame about primarily because they put me out, and they put me out because of my uncompromising ap- Tolson _i__ proach to problems l thought should be solved Belmont _._...... i_ and the movement could solve. Mc-hr _i___ l felt the movement was dragging its feet in many De-Leach .._._.i areas. lt didn't involve itself in the civillNTERVli;W__ or civic or Casper .._.._._.i__ political struggles our people were confronted by. Callahan ._..._...._...__ All it did was stress the importance of moral refor- Conrad i rnationd t drink, don't smoke, don'tpermit Felt _i_.__._.___ fornicatigiqgtndfadultery.I found thatWhenWITH the Gale hierarch_ itsdlf asn't practicingwhat itpreached, Hosea - / .!na'92lit w cle. 'ggrnrniinitu hat ulhe this part of to itswas lakeprogramnay} was thein Sullivan i bankru% J1 Tavel i______D-19 mew. 12-14-641 Tolson ___._____- Belmont _¬i__ Mohr DeLooch_i_ Casper Collohon_--__-__- Conrad -at-m1rl"it would have to take would have '5e?|_l?5o |, 92 militant, uncompromising and activist, and the Felt_._..._._..._._ hierarchy had gotten conservative. Itwas motivated Gole ii mainly by protecting its own sell interests. I might Hosen also point out that although the Black Muslim Sullivan movement professed to be a religious group, the Tcrvel religion they had adopted-Islam-didn't recognize them. So, religiously it was in a vacuum. And it Trotter didn't takepart in politics, so it was not a political group. When you have an organization thats TeleRoom i_ neither political nor religious and doesn'ttake part Holmes _i._ in the civil rights struggle. what can it call itself? Gcmdy It'sa vacuum.in So, all of these factors led to my splitting from the organization. What are the aims of your new organization? There are two organizations--there's the Muslim ,; Mosque, lnc., which is religious. It's aimisto create -ZS an atmosphere and facilities in which people who are interested in Islam can get a better understand- INTERVIEW WITH ing of Islam. The aim of the other organization, MALCOLM X T1 the Organization of Afro-American Unity, is to use whatever means necessary to bring about a society Cont.! in which the 22 million Afro-Americans are recognized and respected as human beings. How do you define black nationalism, with which you have been i'dcnt1fied? I used to define black nationalism as the idea that the black man should control the economy of his community, the politics of his community, and so forth. But, when I was in Africa in May. in Ghana, l was speaking with the Algerian ambassador who is 31 extremely militant and is a revolutionary in the true sense of the word and has his credentials as The Washington Pcst and i__.___ such for haying carried on a successful revolution-' Times Herold -. 'I The Wshlnqton Daily NEWS ii The Evening Star __i_.-...-.-..-.ij New York Herald Tribune _____,__.i New York Journal-American? New York Daily News ii New York Post ____.iii The New York Times _ Tl-e Baltimore Sun Z_?____i The Worker mi The New Leader ______i__.... The wall Street Journal ir- The National Observer mi.--F People's World_...... _i---- Date 0 YOUNG SOCIALIST

Page _i,, 2 49 Rev. is-I4-s-u Tolson _i__._. Belmont _%r,_. 4-111- II_¢1_ Mohr .___.___ against oppression in his country!. When I told DeLouch ______him that my political, social and economic phil- Casper ______osophy wasblack nationalism,he askedme ver.y Callahan __..¬___ frankly, well, where did that leave him? Because Conrad _.______he was white. He was an African, but he was A1- Felt .______gerian, and to all appearances, he was a white Gale man. find, he said if I dene my objective as the victory of black nationalism, where does that leave Hosen him? Where does that leave revolutionaries in Mo- Sullivan rocco, Egypt, Iraq, Mauritania? So he showed me Tove: -______where I was alienating people who were true rev- Trotter _.______olutionaries dedicated to overturning the systemof Tele Room _..____ exploitation that exists onthis earth byany means Holmes ___,___ necessary. So, I had to do a lot of thinking and reapprais- Gondy ______ing of my denition of black nationalism. Can we sum up the solution to the problems confronting our people as black nationalism? And if you notice, I haven'tbeen using the expression for several INTERVIEW WIT!-I months. But I still would be hard pressedto give MALCOLM X a specific denition of the overall philosophy which I think is necessary for the liberation of the black people in this country. Cont.! Is it true, as is often said, that you favor violence? I don'tfavor violence. If we could bring about recognition and respect of our people by peaceful means, well and good. Everybody would like to reach his objectives peacefully. But I'malso a re- alist. The only people in this country who are asked to be non-violent are black people. I'venever heard anybody go to the Ku Klux Klan and teach them non-violence,or to the Birch society and other right-wing elements. Non-violence is only preached to black Americans and I dont go along with anyone who wants to teach our people non-violence until someone at the same time is teaching our enemy to be non-violent.I believewe shouldpro- The Washington Post and tect ourselvesby any means necessary when we are Ttm-es Herald attacked by racists. The Washington Daily News . _ What doyou think is responsibfeforrace prejudice The Evening Std! in the U.S.? New York Herold Tribune _,___,¬__ New York Journal-Americcm_,__ Ignorance and greed. Anda skillfully designed New York Daily News _.___,_ program of rniseducation thatgoes rightalong New York Post with the American systemof exploitationand op- The New York Times ______pression. The Baltimore Sun _...i______If the entire Americanpopulation wereproperly The Worter _._..i______educated-by properly educated, I mean given a The New Leader true picture of the history and contributions of The Wall Street Journal the black manI think many whites would be less The N'l1cnctlOb$ervet ______racist in their feelings. They would have more re- People: World ______spect for the black man as a human being. Know- ing what the black man's contributionsto science vn=lhumh=Apn1l_uii and civilization have been in the past, the white YOUNG SOCIALIST man's feelingsof superiority would be at least partially negated Also, the feeling of infer ity thal the Black manhas wouldbe replaced by a bal- Page 3 -14-6 Tolson ii 3elrnont _._i 92 " " - .- Mohr ______. anggd___1m_pwledgehimself. of He'dfeel MOELU-ll-3 DeLocicl'1 -.-i._- human being. He'd functionmore like a human Cosper __.___.___ being, in a society of human beings. Callahan __.i__ So it takes education to eliminate it. And just Conrad i__.____ because you have colleges and universities, doesn't Felt .____.___ mean you have education. The colleges and uni- Gale iii versities in the American educational system are Fioseri _,_._____ skillfully used to miseducate. Sullivan ___..___. Tcivel i.i.__.. What were the highlights of your trip to Africa? Trotter i.__.__.. -.. -1-s .- II -, ..-92 .~| 1 visited Lgypl, Arabia, Kuwait, Lieoanon, ouuan, Tele Ftoom i..__ Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibartnow Tan- Holmes ___._?_ zania!, Nigeria, Ghana, Liberia, Guinea and Al- Gundy ____i. geria. During that trip I had audiences with Presi- .;i _-_i'--_. lf92"l"._-1_l-.11-";,; dent Nasser of Egypt, President Nyerere of Tan- ii .*."r:;;$.:.>-. zania, President Jomo Kenyatta who was then 5- > A- Prime Minister! of Kenya, Prime Minister Milton Obote of Uganda, President Azikiwe of Nigeria, President Nkrum ah of Ghana, and President Sekou Toure oi Guinea. I think the highlights were the A- w audiences I had with those persons because it gave INTERVI 2 rne a chance to sample their thinking. I was im- NALC pressed by their analysis of the problem, and many of the suggestions they gave went a long way to- Cont.l ward broadening my own outlook. How much inuence does revolutionary Africa have on the thinking of black people in this coun- fl. try? All the inuence in the world. You can'tseparate 1 the militancy that's displayedon the African con- ;u.-_:¢_-_- -_._-:.--. tinent from the militancy that's displayedright here among American blacks. The positive image that is developing of Africans is also developing in the minds of black Americans, and, consequently they r<-92--,----- develop a more positive image of themselves. Then they take more positive steps--actions. So you can't separatethe African revolution The Washington Post and ______from the mood of the black man in America. Times Herold I Neither could the colonization of Africa sep- The Washington Daily News ,_____ I arated from the menial position that the black man The Evening Star in this country was satised to stay in for so long. ,. New York Herold Tribune _____ g. Since Africa has gotten its independence through New York Journcil-Americcrn L I revolution, you'll notice the stepped up cry against New York Daily News discrimination that has appeared in the black com- New York Post _,___ii______munity. The New York Times ._i, How do you view the roleofthe U.S. in the Congo? The Baltimore Sun _i,_,,____i The Worker _ L._.. As criminal. Probably there is no better example The New Leader ,___i_,____g_ of criminal activity against an oppressed people The Wall Street Journal }">§__¢:-1.1".-I.-,. .__ i- ~ --_ 1 than the role the U.S. has been playing in the Con- 3;-:11;-?~:: -__<-,' 1- I The Notional Observer -F-er»-e-9--e~'. "~?='~e'~=-.'<-= q-.-:.-*--_~'- go, through her ties with Tshombe and the mer- People's World___,i_i ,a;;&wa cenaries. You can't overlook the fact that Tshombe Dote '-:'~vi'-"--iéi-2"T'.3'~-i~.L'_'*-1._§.=E"~i" .; - gets his money from the U.S. The money he uses '4"':¥-¬'T.L,/15% i-3..-!-"-e" I " ' to hire these mercenariesthese paid killers im- YOUNG SOCIALIST ported from South Africacomes from the United States. The pilots that fly these planes have been Page 3 trained by the U.S. The bombs themselve's7lT5l"§re 0 g-|g Rev, ;2-I4-5 I Tolson _i__..._ Belmont Mohr i DeLouch ____.; bl-ow-in-gapart the bodies of women and Children Casper ___....._ come from the U.S. So I can only view the role of Collcthctn i_.... :4.-: the United States in the Congo as a criminal role. Conrad ____ 32.. And I think the seeds she is sowing in the Congo ;.. Felt _____._ at. she will hm-e to harvest. The chickens that she has tr._- Gole ._.__...... __ turned loose over there have got to come home to Flosen _____i_ »,. roost. Sullivan Hi?- What about the U.S. rote in South Vietnam? Tove1__.___.._ ..§,.. The same thing. lt shows the real ignorance of 1-QA- l those who control the American power structure. Trotter...i_.._._ _"=t!'"'-2:.- If France, with all types of heavy arms, as deeply Teie Room _ 5": entrenched as she was in what then wascalled Indo- Holmes ___..i .11: china, couldn'tstay there, I don'tsee how anybody Gondy __._.._i. in their right mind can think the U.S. can get in 92. , there-it's impossible.So it shows her ignorance, 1- !qI'U her blindness, her lack of foresight and hindsight and her complete defeat in South Vietnam is only a matter of time. ..-;-oi INTERVIEW WITH "92-t -.- t ~_ 17$i How do you view the activity of white and black MALCOLM X students who went to the South last summer and attempted to register black people to vote? Cont.! AT .'i,1_: The attempt was goodl should say the objective -.uu to register black people in the South was good because the only real power a poor man infthis country has is the power ofthe ballot. But I don't believe sending them in and telling them to be non- --J- violent was intelligent. I go along with the effort toward registration but I think they should be permitted to use whatever means at their disposal to defend themselves from th'eattacks of the Klan. the White Citizens Council and other groups. What do you think of the murder ofthe three civil rights workers and what'shappened to their kitt- ers? It shows that the society we live in is not actually The Woshinqton Post and $ what it tries to represent itself as to the rest of the Times Herald world. This was murder and the federal govern- The Wctshtnqton Dolly News i ment is helpless because the case involves Negroes. The Eventnq Star ___i..____ +-"- Even the whites involved, were involved in helping New York Herold Tribune l =If Negroes. And concerning anything in this society Ngw York Journal-Amsrtcuni New York Dolly News i..__... -*3": involved in helping Negroes, the federal govern- Ff-7' New York Post __i_...___...i *-Q. ment shows an inability to function. But it can function in South Vietnam, in the Congo, in Berlin The New York Times _ and in other places where it has no business. But The Baltimore Sun ______..i. it can'tfunction in Mississippi. The Worker i,....,i_..i_..__i The New Leader i..__i._ In a recent speech you mentioned that you met John The Wail Street Journal ___i Lewis of SNCC in Africa. Do you feel that the The Ncttloncrl Observer ?___i._. younger and more militant tenders in the South are People'sWorld l broadening their views on the whole general Q . 5 struggle? iidnns socrALI ST Sure. When I was in the Black Muslim movement l spoke on many white campuses and black Page 4 campuses. I knew back in 1961 and '62 thatthe younger generation was much different from ~the '-iii qr? Tolson _..-__--- 9-19 Ftev. 12-14 Belmont .i___- Mohr ___----- , - l -.r2l.der.... and that many students were more i.i.Dc:.|:2.? DelOaCh in their analysis of the problem and their desire to Ccisper ._i--_-_ see the problem solved. in foreign countries the Coilohon :--.-- students have helped bring about revolutionit was Conrad _.ii the students who brought about the revolution in Felt __i--__ the Sudan, who swept Syngman Rhee out of office Gale li- in Korea, swept Menderes out in Turkey. The stu- Ftosen _..i-_-_- dents didn't think in terms oi the odds against Sullivan ._._..__...__._ them, and they couldn't be bought out. Tovel In America students have been noted lor involv- ing themselves in pnnty raids. goldsh swallowing, Trotter _._..._..____ seeing how many can get in :1 telephone booth-- Tale Room _-_-__-- not tor their revolutionary political ideas or their tr-l Holmes desire to change unjust conditions. But some stu- Goad; =-_-_~ dents arc becoming more like their brothers around the world. However, the students have been deceived somewhat in what's known as the civil rights struggle which was never designed to solve _.¢ .the problem!. The students were manuevered in the direction of thinking the problem was already INTERVIEW WITH analyzed, so they didn't try to analyze it for them- MAISOLM X selves. In my thinking, if the students in this country [Cont.! forgot the analysis that has been presented to them. and they went into a huddle and began to research this problem of racism for themselves, independent .. of politicians and independent oi all the foundations which are a part of the power structure!, and did it themselves, then some oi their findings would be shocking. but they would see that they would never 1'"- be able to bring about a solution to racism in this country as long as they're relying on the government to do it. The federal government itself is just as racist as the government in Mississippi,_ar1cl is more guilty of perpetuating the racist system. At the federal level they are more shrewd, more skillful at doing it, just like the FBI is more skillful The Washington Post and _____ than the state police and the state police are more Times Herold skillful than the local police. The same with politi- The Washington Daily News ___._.. cians. The politician at the federal level is usually more skilled than the politician at the local level, The Evening Stor New York Herold Tribue i- and when he wants to practice racism, he's more New York Journal-Amertcr1n__i_ skilled in the practice of it than those who practice New York Daily News __---i---- it at the local level. New York Post __.._.¬i-_.. The New York Times _¬_...._..i lh Black hll The Baltimore Sun _i...-i--_ The Worker ..__-_-_---- By Robert Vornon35 cont! ll The New Leader iZ_i--- The WollStre¬iJ092-1-tICli.._-_-i The Notional Observer _._._- road lor Ira catalog an Inch and Pecrl-2's 92'-arid pomphloll on socialism, the Negro nrugglu, Culrtl. ole. H -.__ Q6: Date -AL

; Pioneer Publisher; i YOUNG SOCI ALI ST F 5 East Ihird St. "'1 N.Y-. N.Y.. 10003 ___J_ 7 1 i ill Page H 4 I 19 tev. 12-14-Ml Tolson __.i_ Belmont ii What is you- opinion of the Democratic party? Mohr i. The Democratic party is responsible for the racisnT Del_.oach i that exists in this country, along with the Republi- Casper i______can party. The leading racists in this country are Callahan i.....__.._ Conrad ______Democrats. Goldwater isn't the leading racisthes Felt ___i_ a racist but not the leading racist. The racists who Gale have influence in Washington, D.C. are Democrats. Flosen ______- If you check, whenever any kind of legislation is Sullivan i_.___ suggested to mitigate the injustices that Negroes I. Tavel .i_____ suffer in this country, you will nd that the people r Trotter ii "'- who line up against it are members of Lyndon B. Tele Room i Johnson's party. The Dixiecrats are Democrats. 1 Holmes i,_,__,__ 1. The Dixiecrats are only a subdivision of the Dem- ocratic party, and the same man over the Demo- Gandy __i crats is over the Dixiecrats. What contribution can youth, especially students, who are a'isgnstea' with racism in this society, make to the black struggle forfreedorn? Whites who are sincere don't accomplish anything by joining Negro organizations and making them integrated. Whites who are sincere should organize among themselves and gure out some strategy to INTERVIEW WITH break down the prejudice that exists in white com- MALCOLM X munities. This is where they can function more in- -_i' telligently and more effectively, in the white com- Cont.! munity itself, and this has never been done. What part in the world revolution are youth playing, and what lessons may this havefor American 1'E' youth? If you've studied the captives being caught by the American soldiers in South Vietnam, you'll find that these guerrillas are young people. Some of them are just children and some haven't yet reached their teens. Most are teenagers. It is the teenagers abroad, all over the world, who are actually in- volving thernselves in the struggle to eliminate op- The Washington Past qnd pression and exploitation. lnthe Congo, the refugees Times Herald point out that many oithe Congolese revolutionaries The Washington Dally News are children. ln fact, when they shoot captive revo- The Evening Star lutionaries, they shoot all the way down to seven New York Herald Tribune ______i_____ .i. years old-thats been reported in the press. Because New York Journal-American i the revolutionaries are children, young people. in New York Daily News _ these countries, the young people are the ones who New York Past i most quickly identify with the struggle and the The New York Times necessity to eliminate the evil conditions thateirist. The Bc:In__ __...!"Ql'E. __.. Sim __ L , And here in this country, it has been my own ob- The Worker seryation that when you get into a conversation on The New Leader Tht? Wll Street _lUUl"l"t3] racism and discrimination and segregation, you will find young people more incensed over itthey The Ntionol Observer feel more lled with an urge to eliminate it. People's World. ¬i______i_ I think young people here can nd a powerful st... Man example in the young Simbas in the Congo and the young ghters in South Vietnam. YOUNG soc: ALI sr Another pointas the dark-skinned nations of Page 5 this earth become independent, as they develop and be-some stronger, that means that time is on-I-he-side

4 0-1;: ev. l2-l4-E4] Tolson ___,___ Belmont _..__.__ of_tl;e_An.A can Negro. Atthis pointthe America Mohr - Negro isstill hospitableand friendlyaEdT<§'Elving. DeLooch __i__ But if he is continually tricked and deceived and so Casper ______on, and if there is still no solution to his problems, Colluhon __._._ he will become completely disillusioned, disenchant- Conrad ._i___._ ed and disassociate himself from the interest of Felt __._._-__ America and its society. Many have done that Gale .._.__i_ nlrnnrlu Ftosen ii ......,-.-.._7. Sullivan mi What is your opinion of the world-wide Struggle Towel ._.__..i now going on between capitalism and socialism? Trotter ____..__ It is impossible for capitalism to survive, pri- Tele Room ______marily because the system of capitalism needs Holmes _.__i._ some blood to suck. Capitalism used to be like an Goncly i._._._ eagle, but now it'smore like a vulture. It used to be strong enough to go and suck anybody's blood whether they were strong or not. But now it has become more cowardly, like the vult"ure, and it can only suck the blood of the helpless. As the nations of the world freethernselves, then capitalism has less victims, less to suck, and it becomes weaker and weaker. It's onlya matter of time in my INTERVI EW WI TH fa opinion before it will collapse completely. MALCOLM X What is the outlook for the Negro struggle in I965? Cont.l .2: Bloody. It was bloody in 1963, it was bloody in 1964, and all of the causes that created this bloodshed stili remain. The lviarch on Washington was designed to serve as a vent or valve for the frustration that produced this explosive atmosphere. In 1964 they used the Civil Rights bill as a valve. What can they use in 1965? There is no trick that the politicians can use to contain the explosiveness that exists right here in Harlem. And look at New York Police Commissioner Murphy. I-Ie's coming 4 out in headlines trying to make it a crime now to Y even predict that there'sgoing to be trouble. This The Washington Post and ii n shows the caliber of American thinking. There's Times Herold going to be an explosion, but don't talkabout it. The Washington Daily News i All the ingredients that produce explosions exist, The Evenlq Star ._._i_...... _i Ev but don't talk about it, he says. That's like saying New York Herald Tribune i 700 million Chinese don'texist. This is the same E New fork Journal-American _._..__._ approach. The American has become soguiltridden New York Daily News __..._.....i and lled with fear that instead of facing the reality New York Post _,.,__i_._..__._ of any situation he pretends the situation doesn't The New York Times _____i exist. You know, in this country it's almosta crime The Baltimore Sun -.._-i-__- to say theres a place called Chinaunless you The Worker _._,__.,,.____i_i mean that little island called Formosa. By the same The New Leader ii token, it'salmost a crime to say that people in The Wall Street Journal ii Harlem are going to explode because the social The National Observer iii. dynamite that existed last year is still here. So I Pgople's Worldi_.-._i__ii think 1965 will be most explosive-more explosive [email protected]¥i than it was in '64 and'63. There'snothing they can do to contain it. The Negro leaders have lost YOUNG SOCI ALI ST their control over the people. So that when the people begin to explodeand their explosion is Page 5 justied, not unjustied-the Negro leaders can't co_ntaLn it. ,__;.._- 1;-0,359 Rev. 7-16-Gill 92 M1. Iwihm-r..___ ' i M1. Béhrr-:tt_._.._.. l Mr. 1ln'.i'.:'...... _ . * Ln. D21" ' 0 I Mr. CL 1 L I4Mr.C" Mr. C Mount Clipping In slpncc Below! i inn. I";-

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_3_I92EW YORKWORLD TELEGRAM ea TI-IE stm .. I ToRa||yoTo|c| Sofien Malcol$6 oimMillion onRighis Try, i Malcolm X was offered S6 night at a memorial rally for irst put"-Iir apoeuance of Mal- . million aer detecting [mm Wlaicolm in the Rocl-{land Pal- icolri-92'eMrs. wife. Betty Shaq i.- Rh! Black Muslims last year im-. 155mst. andEighth Ave.jbazz. sinr-s the murder. Mr? I to play the civil rights game. Maleoim was assassinated Feb. i5habazz.is who expecting hell "-1? acrrording to the rules." an ad- 21 in the Audubon Ballroom. fih childin thetall. did nag . "blmirer oi the slain Black Na- ilth St. and Broad-a_92'.1-.=.=mention her h u s b a n d bu tionalist charged. [then a mile away. |ihankeci_ thecrowd for attend- The Offf. said u'riierSyl- ing "on behalf of my tour vester Lpaks, was made by sev- The three-hour tribute was babies and myself." . er-al per-eons "of the white organized by e_g1-oup headed power .=lTUc'ture"at a r'hurchi by Leaks, who described him-i Jesse Gray, Harlem rent . on Riverside Dr. Malcolm re- eel! as a writer and an "ad- strike leader. called Malcolm fused, he said. i' mirer of Malcolm but not a his tea:-her. "He taught me to member ofanything." be mean and black e.nd.hate ----p Leaks disclosed the alTP£Pd The program marked the offer before 1500 persons la5Y7_'i"

the white man." Grey kinuuuii declared. Data: Edition: ..i. Author: .7-ii _'.".1. i i Editor: D» . ..M 1-m-=NALC0LM'LITTLE ,*i .1; -.: 61¢ ChclI'CIC92lIi S ._. Cluilulccltion: l? Submililnq Oice: all m Belnq lnvesuqcned . .5 /A ./~, -2?i2;'~/'-/l? !/jNOT RECORDED 46J[F|N 231965 D GJU£§ Z-I1965 i U-19 Rev. 12-14-6'" Tolson _Z_i_ Belmont __.______._ ~ _ .- _. , 7.7 - Mohr ___._._____._ DeLooch ...... __._.... c"T_'1l_m..ll'ght- ' stillv§_h_li!Ies,..-1-Fr - Casper _i___ Cullohun ______Conrad .__.i._ MEMOIZIALFol: MALCOLM x Felt ___.i...__ May_l925, 19, XMalcolm rstsaw light theoi Itl' _ _ Nm. l¢r oiGale .__.__i_ day. "Sunday,Feb."Z'l'1'$5, light, whichhad /the n hisAfrican Student_s__,Qrgani;g_tjQ_ri, introduced shone sobrightly, wassnuffed outby an assassin's'number o_ Ajrican V1110! Gbehtrl Plosen __..i_ t bullets. On May 19, 1965, forty years after his saretary of the permanent mission of Ghana to birth, black people in Harlem's RoctdandPalace the U. N. read condolences lull olslneereadmlration $ullivun proclaimed that the light still shines and that from for Malcolm from President Kwarne Nkmmah ol' ' 0 Ghana and the Ghanaian people. . Tove}__..i_ Ai'ter9292'a.rds,All read a Sidipoem made up of Trotter ._..i_ some of the phrases from the eulogy delivered by Tele Room _..____ Ussle'Davis atMalcolm's funeral."To our own Holmes ._.i.._ Shining Prince." He also commented on the very *55 important role '9292-omenplayed had in African strug- Gondy F1 1.4 gles and paid tribute to MalcuI.ms sister and her he ' leadership as a woman. Leonryne Watts, billed as the Fenihouse Primi- tive singer, delivered an exciting rendition of the rev song about the African God, Babalu. Mrs. Ella Collinl. Malcolm'ssister and president of the O.A.A.U. which Malcolm founded, closed =-1: ?£: the nst hall oi the eveningprogram with a pledge 3: to continue the work which her brother had start in thespirit ofhis plans. l Mrs. Collins revealed that an international cen pr 51¢- will be built in Malcolm's honorwhere Airic in r diplomats may come and African students may Mrs. Ella Collins at Memorial reside. There will also be a school in which Afro- n09292'this onday will be the one on which black American childrencan learntheir heritage. Ameriums will honor their departed hero. ' ARTISTS TRIBUTE Singer-actor Jimmy Randolph, star of Ballad for ilimshirc and Carmen Jones sang "I Believe LeR.oi Jones, poet-playwright, author of The r___4 ii! and mistress of ceremonies, Sdma Sparks com- Slave/The Toilet and the Dutchman and one of the mented, "Someone did come to show the way and founders of the Black Arts Theatre School, Spoke though he Ls no longer with us, thisllght still shines briefly in memory oi Malcolm and then read an for us to follow-to freedom." ' original poem dedicated to Malcolm. 3.- There were more entertainers and speakers, in- ~vq. James Shabazr, Malcolm's secretaryand minister of Muslim Mosque, Inc., delivered arouslngtrlbute. cluding Mrs. Mae Mallory, one of the Monroe Shabazz told how, when the Louisiana White Citi- Defendants who has been reindicied by the state of teri Council placed a $it'i,t'i4.'3reward on liriaicoin Norh Colina for her alleged involvement in the head, dead or alive, last year, he had still gone to incident wh sent into Cuban exile one olthe most 51 this southerncitadel ofracism because,My people militan outhern black leaders, Robert Williams. nqion Fosi and M need me. ' __192_Jl__l o__c_:_l_1i£_arria,_a dedicated wot-nan_lnthe free- Herold "Brother Malcolm did something for us which we ci fl;-litalso spoke. nqtcn Dolly News _....._- cannot do for him, said Shanazz." He died tor his There was African mu y Nacll Qamnr and nq Star ____,_,i,i people. entertainment byDolores Taylor, singer, Kenny Herold Tribune ______..._ 2; Louise Jeilers and the O.A.A. U. Singers rerzlved Durham, trumpeterand Juanita Boyd, lingerand great applause for their rendition of Doing the othu-s. - Journal-American _.__-..-.. '8 Mau Man. The most lasting and meaningful monument to Dally News _.___..,__,_ Post ____.._...._._...._...___ To really show thanwhatyou meandothe192mo_um,1m will betheg'litingfor,andtheaciil!iTEn'TeT"l""* "*""" i --lIa.tLlike in Kenya. Thenthemanwill undustand of, black freedom,- _ by_ _ any means necessary. -., were 5"" --- 1 _19u minyou'll bl:-mithe chains that bindSrou.:' *92_'92 r--- iii. The New Leader _ii._..___.-- The Wall Street Journal ii ',I,;,& /00379

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-I Brock Peters. wife of the Ne- |m Betta Freak Lamas, former wife of the 4117.1992F-ma '1-llvl1l- Y LHJWIIDAIIII T --n-- &JLHInl; Miss Lincoln: the novelist Paulo Marshall. and a Man- hattan lawyer. Florynoe R. Kennedy. The Irup has established We have almost no overhead. And to make 8b:1!"iVi'1'£ > an oee at 8 E. 48th 8t., to receive public contributions to Shabazz gets all the receipts." help Malcolm; widow. The she added, "we've teropors-rill members said they had sold made her treasurer.. over 1,000 tickets" to yester- Mrs. Marshall. whose books --9 day's fete,and had received Brown Girl. Brownstones. quite unexpected help. and Soul Clap Hands and Large like Sing" were published by Ran- Schen.le5"s and Bambergers dom House and Atheoeum. Department Stor joined emphasized that "we are -r-I|r___ smaller business groups and strictly non-Dlitical. -.1. Harlem peopgle in donating But Mrs. Lomax snapped: equipment and refreshments "We'd liketo see the white ior h'ur'i'a1:l'va1,"said a com- American public show some ol92 EH-I-uni0- the compassion [or Mrs. Shabazz that they showed in -:!o:92.et1..'1:to $60,090 Lee HH- vey Oswald'swidow. I personally dont consider Malcolm Bllilty of anythini wrong. But nobody, even his detractors. ca neqiiate him with Oswald. Yet -l-le.r.laa-0s- n~e|A is.-nu-AA far "

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Tolson ______Belmont ______Mohr De-L.0och i__ Casper _i__._ Meeting in Si Collohon ._....__.._ Conrad ___.__ Honors Malcolm ll Felt '-NEW YORK - Civl1_righ_t§_rn.ili- tents Fannie Lw._rf§'amer of M151 Gczle ._...__i__.._._. sissippl and 'Gloria Eighardson Rose-n __.-_i.--_ 533 X'TllId"""W., Dandricige ere formerly among of the Cambridgefeatured ' $u1livon __..___ seakers at the memorial meeting for Malcolm X held at the Rock- Tcwe1----- Iand Palace Ballroom here May 26. __? Malcolm's widow, Betty Shabazz, Trotter ____.__ who is expecting Malcolm's fth Tele Room _i.._.. child this slimmer, was present and greeted the audience of some Holmes .._____ 500 persons. Gondy ____.__ Fannie Lou Hamer said Malcolm @- was one of the greatest men I .' /- ever met because he was one of the only men I ever met who had the guts to tell the truth." Gloria Richardson Dandridge, who led the famous Cambridge Nonviolent /N Action movement until she mar- ried and moved to New York last year, said that unlike those people T who disliked some sides oi Mal- /6 , colm my admiration was for the gii whole man." She liked the direc- iv tion in which Malcolm was moving, she said I and for "White la America with its elamrate myths it was a more dangerous Malcolm who was developing. He was cut ;. .'-, in-'I down, she said, when it only re- K.- mained for him to fashion the .1- political weapon oriented toward I the black eople and necessary for our freed " I Among e other speakers who .0 appeared re Harlem rentgtrike leader_Je_s Gray, 'E6T1ie§l_'ian ire arnhj-1' and actoii-producer 3 ciraireo . of afar writer The $xl_v$meeting was .

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Tolson __.__...__ Belmont i.___ §Melcolm_Xls MurdeciMohr §Ancl the N.Y. Police; De-Looch_i___ Casper __i___ By George Breihnan DETROIT, July 4 Some toy!- Collcrhun tttying question; about the assassination oi Malcolm X arise it you F Conrad_.i..____ carefully read the New York ll n wspaper report; printed right Felt i.i__.____ a the assassination, as I have Gale ____..__._ .i done. Some 0: them concern role or the police. - Flosen __i.__..._._ should explain, at the beginning, that I have no xed theory Sullivan about the killing. I don"t know id azents at the Black Muditns did Tdvel.__.i.._ it; or it agents oi? white racists did it; or it agents of the govern- Trotter __.____ mentorthepolicedidiqdrit Tele Room _..._._ agentsof acombination these 0! Holmes foTi'=s,iii who Haicoin; did ell it. I am. at this point, only asking Gdndy_i____. some questions provoked by study- '-it 92 ing dierent editions 0! the six New York daily papers after the . . /' . Cezttaln things seem agreedupon If - ._/_/A-/.. /'/i92.-./ ,1-51. - by e92ery'b-ody: The Organization oi Aiko-Amer- _- lean hairyma scheduled a ran; on Sunday afternoon, Feb. 21, at Malcolmx the Audubon Ballroom in H.l.r-' - lem. This was one week anci- I-layer and the second men. Police Malcolm'shome was tire-bombed arrived and rescued the two being and he and his family narrowly beaten, taking them away from escaped injury or death. People the crowd. .';0/ ent ring the rally were not sea bed. On the other band, they The third man got away. e got away because the crowd d I nu, we all scrutinized by OAAU -not catch him, Hayer and the s - aid as they entered the hall. ond man also would have got a y -1 1 It alcolm had just begun to it the crowd hadn'tcaught d -2 speak when two men began a scut- held them until the police showed tle deliberately designed to dis- up. tract the attention or Malcolm: guards. Three men rushed toward Now let us turn to the New York Herald Tribune dated Mon- 5 Malcolm, op-=_'.92_ingire and =.-.=o*.:nd= ing him mortally; they then ran day, Feb. 22. This is a morning out of the ballroom, pursued by paper, which means that the first 1,1-» efw several oi Malcolm's supporters. edition of the paper dated Monday i Police said that one of the actually appeared Sunday evening. a few hours alter the killing, The /*,~_/95.,-/"f . gr,identied 22, of Patersona .J., laterhad re- top headline in the rst city! edition reads: Malcolm X Slain by ceived a biiiIe't"inthe E3 by the The Washington Post and _._,_i time he got to the exit of the Gunmen as 400 in Ballroom Times Herold building. The police also alleied Watch." The subhead, over the that he had been wounded by lead article by Jimmy Bresltn, The Waahinqton Daily News __ H-e"">en Francis, a Malcolm guard. reads: Police Rescue Two Sua- The Eveninq Star _____._.ii aye: was seized ouiddethe Pcctl-" | New York Herold Tribune i__ ifti rig by the people pursuing Bin;-siiifs liory in eciitio re- bl".-x50another wasThe man.ports Hayer that takew was to New York Journal-Americonii 96° began to beat and kick New York Daily News __.._____ New York Poet i...__i____ The New York Time! _..i...___ The Baltimore Sun ___i._..._; The Worker i_._,i_,..,i___ The New Leader ___.__i_____ The Wdll Street Journal _?_____._._ The National Observer i_.___.. People's World ContinuedPage/ THEGMIEITANT on8! Du, '712 65 o-19 Flew. 12-14-64! Tolson i -11-1-Q Belmont ii Mohr ___i_,_____ DeL.ooch ink Casper ii Callahan ..__.i_ Conrad _.___..i Felt ______Gale _.._..__ Fiosen ;. Sullivan Z.-i.. Tc1ve1__?___ Trotter _____.._ Tale Room __._i Holmes ___._ /.w-Ones tionrimut the P5712-e and Gondy _____ Continued h-om Page 1! the first city! edition of the New Bellevue Prison Ward and was York Ttrnes for Feb. 22. The sub- sealed o by a dozen policemen. head is very clear: Police Hold The other suspect was taken to Two for Questioning. the Wadsworth Avenue precinct, From the Times city edition, we I I -.__ where the city: top policemen im- even learn the name of the cop n Lmediately converged and began who captured the second man: one of the heaviest homicide in- It is Patrolman Thomas Hoy, who Malcolm 792s Murder vstigations this city has ever is quoted as saying he bad seen. grabbed a suspect" being chas Next we turn to a later late *1.-. by some people. city! edition oi the same paper But when we turn to the la tor the same day- '1'he top head- city edition of the same Ti , line is unchanged. But the sub- printed only a few hours lat , head is dterent. This time it we nd that its subhead too has reads, "Police Rescue One Sus- changed. It now reads: One Is 1".- 98¢ Held in Killing." _ The secoo.d." suspect has But the story hasn't yet been 4 dropped not only out of the head- oh anged altogether. Pauolxn line, but out of Breal.i.n's story Hay still remains in the late ci too. Nothing about his being P story, and so does the secon caught and beaten by the crowd, man who has dropped out oi! th _z 1nothing about his being rescued c subhead, In fact, the story has by the police. nothing about his more about Hoy than it had in the 1 being taken to the Wadsworth city edition. a station. nothing about the city: top police converging cm that sta- 'I'h.is time the Times reports: 'As I brought him to the front tion. 1 or the ballroom, the crowd began Suspect Vanishea beating me and the suspect, Pa- The Washington Post and __,_,___ Not only docs he disappear tron! trolman Hoy said. He said he pit = ; B1-es1in's story in the late city this man - not otherwise identit- Times Herald E-E ._. edition, but he disappears trom ed later for newsman into a The Wuhinqton Dally News i, the Herald Tribe-no altogether police car to be taken to the Wa$- The Eveninq Star ______i from that date to this. _'worth Avenue station. New York Herold Tribune _ Perhaps the whole thing never Theo Hoy's captive disappears happened? Perhaps Bresltn, in the h-om the Times as completely and New York Journal-American __ heat of the moment, had in his as permanently as he did from the New York Daily News i. Herald Tr-ibun-2, and from all the A rst story reported a mere rumor New York Post i__ as a tact, and, being unable to other daily papers. verify it, decided not to repeat it But there cannot be any doubt The New York Times _ _ in later editions? in the mind oi anyone reading The Baltimore Sun __ the accounts I have cited that a But there are three morning The Worker __ papers in New York, and in their second man was captured dud first editions they ail said it hap- taken away by the police. ' The New Leader i pened. Who was he! " L The Wuli Street Journal _ L", Why did the press lose inte 92For example, let us examine The Notional Observer _ __ _ People's World Date THE MILITANT L. CONTINUED PAGE 3 0-19 Rev. 12-14-64! Tolson _.-__-- Belmont Mohr ___i¬- DeL.ooch _..__- 5,. -. - r. 'S Casper _.-__--- Ir Cellohon Conrad _i-- .Z_ vi '1 j Felt in him so suddenly, at a time that or cause other damage, in addi- -i it W30-Ilill it-5 pta with Ii!--an to merely "rgpq;-1;j_|;|?"'W§'IGale _.___.__- kinds or material about the mur- happens inside the organizations Rosen _____-_- 5'; der, including the siliiest L'!92.-"iQ-i.InLlt:ete.-4.. &__1!!..__ ties and wildest rumor-s?' Was it We do not have to speculate DULLLVUKL in---i- because the police "advised" them about whether or not the police Tcvel ._i-».-- .3. to! inltrated the Organization oi Trotter _.__.____._ Why did Patrolman Hay deem Atro-American Unity and whether ~:-" the second man to be a suspect? or not such police agents were Tele Room What was he doing at the @e present at the Audubon Ballroori Holmes Hoy grabbed him! at the time of the assassination. Gundy ___._i-- if . Why did the crowd deem him The answer is yes, without y t be a suspect? What had they speculation. s n him doing betore Boy A high police official" said, s bbed him? reported in the Herald Trib =92 y did the city: top police- Feb. 23, that several members MALCOLM X'S men" surround him with a wall of the highly secretive Bureau oi of silence that has not been HURJUER AND 1 Special Services BOSS! were NY POLICE ' pierced tor 4% months? present in the audience at the if they decided he was innocent, time 01 the killing. BOSS is the why didnt they say so publicly? police agency involved in the H That is the usual practice, Statue or Ebert? provocation.! fie Why didift they at least en- nounce his name? That is also After talking to this high police CONTINUED usually done. ' 1 member official, Milton Herold Lewis Tribune wrote: staF Who Wu Ho? It is no secret that BOSS poll e What did the "second" man ~'6 -- who never wear unitorms about the murder mot aid have credentia to cover almost the identity or the lllen? any situation, so that ii they were t is extremely ditcult to gure required to have a card or em- o why the police and the press! blem ot the Black Nationalkt sect _ ved in. this way. It leads to a ltiaasatebetthattheyhad ther question: Could the second l have them." been a. police agent? Fantastic? Only it you don'tSo perheoe the secmd know anything about the police, Wis e police agent, and perhagis FBI, CIA, etc. the strange behavior or the It is standard procedure tor police results £1-om their desire them to infiltrate radical, black to protect one or their own "sev- nationalist and just militant or- eral" men present at the Audubon. L. ganizations. Sometimes, as the re- But m that case, the question -r nt Statue of Liberty" casemust be asked again, and such sh: ed, these police agents worm questions will keep on being ask The wqshinqgqn Post and _..._._-.- I until the whole story 15 told; W11 Tlrnes Herald 1 thzg th can way carry into out positions provocation:wherewas the crowd convinced that tlu second men was one or th The Woshinqton Daily News _.__ killers? I The Eveninq Star / '1-1 New York Herald Trlbi-1118 -ii New fork Journal-Am9l'!¢°"" - New Yerk Dotty New! _---i New York Post ._.___.-.-_i-- The New York 1-lmea ----- The Eaiiimore Sun -i--ii The Worker The New Lender _i----i--- The Wall Street Journal :--- The National Observer __----- /'5 PeopIe'S World. D:.. THE MILITANT 9-19 Rev. 12-14-on Tolson .__.__ Belmont ._____ Mohr ___._._..__ DeI.ooch __.i__ Casper ___ _ Ccllohnn __i._ Report October Trial Set . Conrad Z

N - lfllilling of Malcolm B ouiuvcm F???-.__.___ Fr? By Ed Smith Tc1vel._.._..__._ sow.-72; NEW YORIQ; The trial date Trotter _._i_ in the Malcolm X murder case has Tole Room ___ T92= mm mw, accord- .55-~ ing to an article by Sver in the Sept. 22 New York Post. Holmes Silver apparently was given this iuionnation while questioning the Gdndy _..____. New York District Attorney's ot- fice about the unusual delay in bringing the three murder suspects indicted last March to triaL Indicative oi the lurid treatment the press will probably give this trial, after eight months of con- spicuous silence concerning police b1 investigation of Malcolm: killers, Silvers article begins, A police guard will be thrown around witnesses called to testify at the tri [because] authorities fear th threats may be made against 4 soil 01' the witnesses. J Suspect Silver states that one of the sus- , 92:| _ / pects, Thomas Hagan alias Malcolm X H _ ll . Talmadge I-layer!, was shot and wounded by Malcolm's outraged 1 o bodyguard and had to be rescua dubon B..=1...1"'oo:n when the asaas= tron: lynching by police assigned sination occurred. 11R to the hall." There are two pieces This allegation is noteworthy .1 of misinformation in this sentence. because both Butler and Johnson x " ' The rst is that no one to this were well-known and leading fig- . "3 - day, including the police, has ures in the New York mosque 0! idmtied the person who shot the Black Muslims, and they would l Thayer; the second is that Thayer have been well-known to Mll- a was not arrested by police as- colms assistants who closely signed to the hall, but was held scrutinized the audience before The Washington Foal and ._....i_ by people tram the audience in the Feb. 21 murder. ' Times Herold the hall until "police arrived later In January, Butler and Johnson The Woshlnqton Dolly New! i__ and, incidentally, Thayer would and e third mm were er-z-we-:'. The Eveninq Star __--._i-- not have been arrested 1! he was after an argument with an ex- not held by the crowd!_ Muslim, Benjamin Brown, that New York Herold Tribune .i_..._ The other two suspects, Norman ended in the shooting oi Brown. New York Journal-Ame:-lconi.._. BX Butler and Thomas 15X John- Butler and Johnson were out on New York Daily News - son, were arrted Feb. 26, ve hall on first degree assault charges dill; alter the assassination, and in that case at the time of the New York Post Ma chazdf 8, with respectively. assaulting They Malcolmare Malcolm killing. - The New York Timon .i__..__ X :7-flweapons, which could only All of the events surrounding The Baltimore Sun __...i..._.i_._ the murder 0! the black national- The Worker _..__Z..._i__i....._ me that they were in the Au- ist leader are shrouded in mystery and confusion. The role oi the The New Leader _i_,_,i__ police has been highly suspect. The The Wall Street Journal _.__,_i._ I press has been conspicuously lack- The National Observer _._i_ ing in curiosity about the progress I/0a_§;Z71..§-5/'4ot the case. It remains to be seen Feopleii World _...i------N01" n 4!-IDs Dole _1 at the trial this tall. 134 GCT 12 1965 whet-ihmmlice will come up THE pAGEHILITANT1 '7 oei1si%55 /J 1 / ' t

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In A. :,.".s '-:-THE J'92UTOBlOGRAI'llY OF "-Q; _. Mi'l.LCOLl92l X. Grove Press, 1965, XVU 455 pp., $7.50. Malcolm X worked on this book ttiause he hoped "that it I hon- atly and fully tell my life's ac-a --1count, read objectively it might . prove to be a testimony oi some , 92 social value." b QThat hope is I111- a-_-u _...- lled; his autobiography is a va1u- " ->1.able document helping to explain the development of a remarkable man who had a strong inuence on black and white thought in our :5time. "'-'_""". -' a The publishers my it is a clas- sic oi American testimony, t to Tolson 3'.-':"'stand beside Frederick Douglass, 1: f dc: James Weldon Johnson, Richard Belmont gs ._::; Wright, James Baldwin, and the : Mohr others who have explained what it A M in I, ___: is to be a black man in white ¢ DeI_.0och -2; I-3 _ ,§ -?'t'92_:-. Ki-4 1- 5- C? '-' - "'- America. This is true, although its literary quality does not com- Casper pare with that oi the writers cited, Malcolm was not a writer; he ellehen "1 'd" this book to Alex Haley. i Be ause Haley did not sympathize E 'cN:_.' 9292' 0 r~4 onrod ..'.s' .f wi his views, .QQQ.A4iQ4LAQ44QQQQ¢.AQ§lAAQAAAAAAbA¢ipnjqqan0444.;-pm: Malcolm stipulat- AA. nan:-main-1 ed that nothing be in it that he ,.,...;_c;.-../_A_V,V,,_ . .,, ,,_,., .__, ,,,,_ __,>,,_..,....- .s--- 1 elt ,1,:__,.92ha not said and that nothing be lett out of it that he wanted in it. I The actual writing and arrange- d Gale ment. were done by Haley. As at Rosen Malcolm had predicted, he did not live to see the Iull and nal version: he was assassinated on the - Sullivan :5,-,1 = weekend that he was supposed to r 1 1.2 visit Haley's home for a last reading iii the manuscript. There is another factor that 4' keeps this irom being the defi- Tcivel nitive book on Malcolm. And that is the fact that it was completed during a period at great and rapid I elm ge in his life snd-Outlook, a d Q .4. I docz not adequately reflect id s l. Trotter and positions he arrived at in s Iinax months. II Tele Room 0-is -v. 1_2-14-an Tolson Belmont __.._...... __. Mohr """""_" ______De-Loach autobiography presentsOnly in of hislife Malcolmnn hmccrin- Casper ii Pil'.I_,3,[,1;i_inparts some unclearly veighecl a gain st the United Callahan or ambiguously. States"!; a brief after-wo;;d_..b.;.h conwd The first half of the autobio- sraphr deals with Malcolm until actor-playwright Ossie Davis, ex- the age of 27 his birth in Ne- plaining why he gave the eulogy braska, his childhood in Michigan, at Malcolm'sfuneral; and a 14- his adolescence in Boston. his drift page epilogue by Alex Haley, Felt int-0 hustling, narcotics and crime The eoilogue is quite good where in Harlem, his arrest for robbery Haley is reporting things he per- Gale before he was 21, his 6% years in sonally witnessed and experienced r. prison and his introduction to the how the book was written. tne doctrines of Elijah Muhammad. It tension under which Malcolm Rosenii ~Q. explains convincingly why this lived, how hard he worked, how as shrewd young man, who had not he felt most at ease among the Sullivan believed in anything but how to masses on the streets of I-iarlern, make a fast buck, was so power- how aware he was of a tendency TovelL fully attracted to the Black Mus- to shut his mind to problems he lims and why he became Muham- couldn't solve,etc. It is not so good Trotter i_._._ mad's mostdedicated and unques- where'Halc_v touch_eson things like Tele Room _i tioning disciple. the Organizational problems facing Malcolrn and his co-workers, Holmes ii Tireless Work which Malcolm never dl2~Cll5F d Gancly The second half includes Mal- with him. colms picture of the Black Mus- liale_92' carriesthe story up to lims and his tireless work in help- Malcolm: assassination and fun- ing to build it from a small sect eral, but this is for the most part into an influential national organ- a routine summary of the news- ization 952-64!, and some of the paper articles 01" that time, which evenL; in the brief 50 weeks re- were more concerned with sensa- BIOGRAPHY OF after he left tionalizing the developments than rnaining of his life MALCOLM X the Black Muslims. The concep- with digging into them. One ex- 2--i tion of Malcolm held by the masses ception is Haley's reportth.-it Mal- in the black ghetto oi an un- colm loltlhim, onthe phonethf compromising and incorruptible day bclore the assassination: militant _ is fully confirmed in "The more I keep thinking nbo _coNr. these chapters; and with it ls this thing, the things that h--92 ---w evidence of Ma1colms capacity for been happening lately [attemp -. -it v continued intellectual growth. on his life], Pm not all that sure Some readers may also be sur- it's Muslints.the I know what they prised by Malcolm's sense of can do, and what they can'tand humor, his modesty, his respect they can't.do some of the 5l't.lLl' and hunger for education, and his recently going on. Now. I'm going classconsciousness in relation to to tell you, the,more I keep ll'li1lli.- s the Negro middle class!. ing about what happened to me in Along the way, Malcolm ex- France. l think lm going to quit presses opinions on a wide variety saying it'sthe Muslims." The next of subjects, most connected with day. an hour o-;-fore his ricath, he race relations, but not all. Some said the same thing to associates of these are acute, and others are in the anteroqm to the Audubon nothing but prejudices for OX- arnple, his unenlightened attitude Ballroom. toward women, which stemmed t . 1 ."-' J" partly from his experiences as a ,..__-- TGeorge' Brcitmnn t ;..- hustler and was reinforced by I .31.-I" Black Muslim doctrine on relations The Washington Pest and __i between women and men!. His U! _S,,,l F... Times Herold predictions that he would die viol- lion C¢tS Are c..n I! I V" "Ll-.. The Washington Daily News _,_i ail. ently, that he would. be killed before this book was published, and Te lauzesn its lacs»: The Evening Star i__,,_,__. that the press would then identify Mrs. Betty Shabazz, the 30-year- New YiarkHerald Tribune i..__ him with hate and irresponsibility, old widowof MalcolrnX, emf New York Journal-American _i as proved to be_a11 too correct. birth to two girls on Oct. T - . khln additionto theautobiography. Broolrrlale Hospital, Brooklyn, New York Dolly New: ___,___i e book contains an introduction Both girls will be naintccl aft 1'New York Post by New York Times reporter M.S. hcr late husband, the Atnsicrdm Thu New York Timon ii Candler marredby theutterly News of Oct. 9 reported. One of rong statement that at the end the girls will be called Mali}-zi, The Baltimore Sun ii after Malcolm X's Muslimfirst Thu Worker ___,,______iii name, Malik. The t'.vil'lsare not identical. ' ,/ The New Leader __,__,__,_,_,______i Z The Wall Street Journal ii 1 1' The National Observer __,_i______People s World _____,,______,__Zi Date u THEHILITANT PAGE 4 9-15 Flew, l-2-14-64}

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?. 3 -~Malc'0lm~X Speaks-' B Ililiillllllllliiiiiil NW IIHI iililII 9292H9292WHHrr WWI IWlmMlImIlIMmIEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIITHIIIIIIJIIHIIIIMI $_. With one exception, the new book, Malcolm X Speaks, consists 4.»41 of speeches and statements made between March, 1964, when Mal- colm left the Black Muslims, and February, 1965, when he was as- Tolson m sassinated. The exception is the first speech in the book, "Mes- Belmont ...... ____ sage to the Grass Roots," which Mohr mm was given to a militant, conference DeI_.ooch - in Detroit on Nov. 10, 1963. This Casper mm _92.was one of Malcolnfs last speech- T es as a Black Muslim, but in it Collohcm _m_.____ he was already beginning to ex- Conrad m press ideas on black nationalism, Felt separation and revolution! that an-'3had a ciitierent emphasis tron; Sole m.__m_._.. the orthodox Black Muslim line. Fiosen mm Later, after leaving the Black Sullivan __...m Muslims, Malcolm developed ideas diiferent, on some points, than "'1': Tove1_me_._ 3-"L he ones expressed in this speech. Y/!, "1' F3 Installment '1 Trotter mm. MESSKGE TO THE GRASS :". | itl'!Gl8 Tole Room Excerpted from the book, *3 We want to have just an off- X Speaks, with the Holmes mm the-cu chat between you and me, Merit Pbllsherl; 5 El-it Gcmdy mm 1;: us. We want to talk right down New York, N.Y. 10003. Price '3to earth in n language that e92§ery- Cowrlzht 1965 lg! Merit Publish- bdy here can easily understand- We all agree tonight, all of the er, I Tho Washington Poll End speakers have agreed, that Ameri- Times Herold _I+ ca has a very serious problem. Washington Dolly New! m Not only does America have a 92- very serious problem, but our Evening Slur .. people have a very serious prob- Herold Tribune I-2- lem !92..".:er£ce.: problem is us. journal-imlrlcun mm as We're her problem. The only rea- ~§-C 'Json she has a problem is she doesn't want us here, sv- And every time you look at r. YWIHH. be you black, brown, we 1"-5 01' Yellow, 1 so-called Negro, y mfsent a person who Dos W such a serious problem for Ame lea because you're not wan Once you iace this as a fact. then -1.. I -I -1, You can start plotting a course I}-=81 Will make you appear intel-

50:cov3 19551 - s/,4;-L4 -"""E._-5% -u-I-I 0-19 Flow l2-14-64! Tolson Belmont Mohr ge'th'!!?'¬ncekept HT!!!-U111, they everybody else fell right in and ,'§'5-'1? fell in line. This is the thing that you and I have to understand. Del_.ooch _,___p>get DiiereueeeI I.".';'i And these people who came to- ->-*<- What you and I need to do is gether didn'thave nuclear wea' learn to forget our differences. pons, they didn't havejet planes, *92.92--EWh we come together, we don! Casper lulu-n-n_ I-4Qla92AIIFan dc-92Oir'l-ur92_ they didn'thave all ot the heavy _._ r 92-Jill LII: HIUI GE Llklllli l§ U] armaments that the white men Methodists. You don't catchhell Collohon .-k?--P.-i.' has. But they had unity . . . -_ F! because you'rea Baptist, and you They realized all over the world Conrad don't catchhell because you're a - ,_'92_. where the dark man was beinl Felt _--c Methodist. You don'tcatch hell ,_-..- because youre a Methodist or oppressed, hewas being oppressefl '' ."|_"»': by the white man; where the dark Gale _ -..:4'Baptist, you don'tcatch hell be- man was being exploited, he was f cause you'rea Democrat or a Re being exploited by the white man. publican, you don't catchhell be- So they got together on this basis Fiosen .:- .;| cause you're a Mason or an Elk,- that they had a common enemy. and you sure don'tcatch hell be Sullivan -.1: cause you'rean American; because And when you and I here in ..- ii you were an American, you Detroit and in Michigan and in Tove] 7;; America who have been awakened . 3... catch hell. You catch hell because you'rea black man. today look around us, we too Trotter You catch hell, all of_ us catch realize herein America zethall hell, for the same reason?'"'__" l hagg g common enemy, w e er Tele Room _.92,-g he'sin Georgia or , So we'reall black people, so- Holmes _..i__ I4 called Negroes, second-class citi- whether hes in California or New zens, ex-slaves. You're nothingbut York. He'sthe same man bluc Goncly i . ,,_ an ex-slave. You don't like to be eyes and blond hair and pale skin told that. But what else are you? -- the same man. So what we have You are ex-slaves. You didn't to do is what they did. They come here on the Mayower. You L agreed to stop quarreling among came here on a slave ship. In themselves, Any little spat that chains, like a horse, or a cow, or PIE Bandungconference, andthe they had, they'd settleit among W ulis of the Bandung confer- themselves, go into a huddle - a chicken. And you were brought MALCOLM X .."92here by the people who came here I Eie,actually it asa modelserves don't letthe enemy know tha on the Mayower, you were} r the same procedure you and you've gota disagreement. SPEAKS brought here by the so-called I can use to get our problems Instead of airing our difference solved. At Bandung all the na- .- s Pilgrims, or Founding Fathers. in public, we have to realize we f CONT IN UED -. They were the ones who brought tions came together, the dark,na- all the same family. And who you here. tions from Africa and Asia. you have a family squabble, you We have a common enemy. We- Some of them were Buddhists, don't getout on the sidewalk. ll 1. have this in common: We have some 0! them were Muslims, some you do, everybody calls you un- a common oppressor,a cornmonlj or them were Christians, some couth, unrened, uncivilized, sav- exploiter, and a common dis-" were Confucianists, some were age. It you don'tmake it at home, criminator. But once we all real-'atheists. Despitetheir religiousyou settle it at home; you get in ize that we have a common itferences, they came together. the closet. argue it out behind enemy, then we unite on the me were communists, some were closed doors, and then when you basis of what we have in common. . cialists, some were capitalists come out on the street, you pose And what we have foremost in_ pite their economic and polit- a common front, a united front. - ; common is that enemy - the white ical diiferences, they came to- And this is what we need to do in man. He'san enemy to all of us. 'gether. All or them were black, the community, and in the city, .;= ,-_'JI knowsome ofyou allthink that92 brown, red or yellow. andlnthestate.Weneedt-ostop some of them aren'tenemies. i The number-one thing that was airing our differences in front of £3? Time will tell. '__'-"" not allowed to attend the Ban- the white man, put the white man ., _¢_,,. In Bandung back in, I think, dung conierence was the white out of our meetings, and then sit 1954, was the first unity meeting . He couldn'tcome. Once they down and talk shop with each §'§§ other. That'swhat we've got to do. in centuries oi black people. And xcluded the white man, they in Post and once youstudy whathappened aylound that they could get to- Next week: What h a Revolution? v";-fa§;;:,_, 7 _ -if the worker _ald The New Loo on Dolly New! _,,.___ Star ii aid Tribune .i_... tnul-American i Iv Newl _...... _i

Time: ____,,___ Sun ___,_i_ l -*@_ cler _,_i___,,i The Wall Street lournul __.,._,,,_,.,_ O-18-Q3-AIIQL2-14-G4] nmmwil Film!!."Il|.|l1li.lIl.|llIli|l1IiIIIHalli!"|ll!|I!i!Il'I*!i'!~:-15654111|:i|1i:.i:i=ii4iisrrlllllllllllllllhlllllilllllilllllllilllllliIil|||llIiilll|Jll|l!Il.ll| I mu.1.1.Jl:#lm:Ja M1!1 5 +1ls ml I.I!l:.=!|1.Il.IIl!.I..llI1

i Tolson Belmont IHI J Mohr F. 4- I _ ___ V C92__ ; . 1 s 'DeLoo<:h T:*.~7 A DPGE.-[KS Casper Coliczhcm .,. --------...-..._.._.._ Conrad l Fell MlIlIlil1lIfII1Il[IIITIIIlIII[IIIliIEllI!I||lllH------i.-_-- 3'»The following is the next in- Russian B.evolutio]____, --1-_.-i-..-..- stallment o.i_t.he speech made by The Russian Revolution - what Gale Malcolm X in Detroit on Nov. 10, 1963: ' was it based on? Land; the land- U .,f less against the landlord. How did Fiosen Installment 2 they bring it about! Bloodshed. i--ii_._._.... WHAT IS A REVOLUTION? . You haven't gota revolution that Sullivan Tuvel I would like to make a few doesn't involve bloodshed. And l youre afraid to bleed. I said, .. comments concerning the dier- Trotter V . ,7 ence between the black revolution youre afraid to bleed. i--._-...... ; As long as the white man sent Tele Room _ ., Ind the Neo revolution . . . First, L what is a revolution? Sdmetiinm you Ito Korea, you bled. He sent 2.}; you to Germany, you bled. He sent Holmes-ii P! I'm inclinedto believe that many of our people are using this word you to the South Pacic to ght "revolution" looady, without tak- the Japanese, you bled. You bleed Gondy ing careful consideration of what tor white people, but when it this word actually means, and comes to seeing your own church- T es being bombed and little black 1-"? what its historic characteristics are. When you study the historic girls murdered, you haven'tgot any blood. You bleed when the ',-E;nature of revolutions, the motive or a revolution, the objective of a white man says bleed; you bite .__-'- when the white man says bite; revolution, the result 01 a revolu- and you bark when the white man tion, and the methods used in a says bark. I hate to say this about l¢Vl92-lll. You may change words. bi- us, but its true. How are you You may devise another program, going to be nonviolent in Missis- I01-I mil! Change your goal and Exeefilted from the boo Malcolm you maychange yourmind, 0 X Speaks, withthe permission0 sippi, as violent as you were in- Look at me Amgggn Re-,,°1uI_HE1=tt Publishers,5 am Third st. Korea? How can you justiry being nonviolent in Mississippi and Ala- tion in 1776, That revolution was New York, N.Y. 10003. Price $5.95 bama, when your churches are be- fa for what? For land. Why did they Govrrirht 1905 by Merit Publish 'v'-i Independence.land? How QI- ing bombed, and your little girls ib are being murdered, and at the - was it carried out? Bloodshed. vain - Number one, it was based on land, same time you are going to get vi ent with Hitler, and Tojo, d the basis of independence. And 31¢ 01113Way they could Iet it so ebody else you don'te en was bloodshed. kn w? '1 The French Revolution what violence is wrong in Am a, vio ence is wrong abroad. Ii i is u WI! it based on? The landless ililllst the landlord. What was it wrong to be violent defending tor? Land. How did they get it? black women and black children Bloodshed. was no love lost, was and black babies and black men, then it is wrong tor America to no compromise, wag no nggqg- U0". I'mtelling you you don't draft us and make us violent abroad in defense of her. And it know what a revolution is. Be- it is riiht for Amer1"'cidra to ciu- whirl You nd out what it us; and teach us how to be violent 3.491311 set mu in 1.155-515?, non Poul and __i Y0!-92l1 getout of the way. in defense or her, then it is right eroid for you and me to do whatever is necessary to defend our own peo- "ion Dolly New: Star _.___...... _._._._ maid Tribune __ up 92 urnui-American _ . If H lily Newl i__

-5-,,q ple right here in this country. rk -mm" ii The Chine!e Revolution they ,, 5,", In wanted land. They threw the Brit- ish out, along with the Uncle Tom *i""-"-Z- Chinese, Yes, they did. They 3et1der_i,i.______"- i U-I45 Film -.2-I4-54! oluden-irrwhich the goal is a de- Tolson I segregated lunch counter, a deseg- regated theater, a desegregatcd Belmont _.._._.i park, and a desegregatecl public Mohr ' toilet; you can sit down next to DeLooch i_ white folks on the toilet. Casper i _ . That's no revolution. Revolution ~.-4. is based on land. Land is the basis Collohon ' ._~_-___. of all independence. Land is the ;§¬1_1 Conrad _..._.._._..__ basis of freedom, justice, and Felt equality. ./gv ll-5-Iiilg in Life magaz"ne-ahaw- The white man knows what a Gole ii ing a little Chinese girl, nine years revolution is. He knows that the Hoscn _.__.___i black revolution is world-wide in 35'old; her father was on his hands Sullivan m.__ and knees and she was pulling the scope and in nature. The black R1886! because he was an Uncle revolution is sweeping Asia, is Tovei i_...._._ .._.._;'_ Tom Chinaman. sweeping Airica, is rearing its Trotter ._.....i head in Latin America. The Cuban n ';¢i._ When they had the revolution Tele Room 5} over there, they took a whole gen- Revolution - that: a revolution. "l"'hn92r - nu; nunrhn-nnd v- -- --" -»-_ an ---. cu cvehlrrl..--..- Rov-_-.. . Holmes ii ¢r_: eration of Uncle Toms and . Ky Wilied them out. And within ten olution is in Asia, revolution is in Goody __....._i ._r_~ years that little girl became a tull- Africa, and the white man is screaming because he sees revolu- '92.:," own woman, No more Toms in China. And today it: one of the tion in Latin America. How do You _E_ . '¢°'-llihlt. rousheat, most feared think he'll react to you when you .".!I' learn what a real revolution is? countries on this earth by me mnuuvuin Ull t"l92l ll AV white man. Because there are no u dont know what a revolution Uncle Toms over there. i_ It you did, you wouldn't u SPEAKS . II Of all our studies, history is best t at word. . ,2- Revolution is bloody. revoluti ,. qualied to reward our research. CONTINUED And W111!!! You see that you've got is hostile, revolution knows n Problenis, all you have to do is compromise, revolution overturns examine the historic method used and destroys everything that gets all over the world by others who in its way. And you, sitting around h-"B Problems similar to yours. here like a knot on the wall, say- 05¢? You see how they got theirs ing, "I'm going to love these folks stralhll. then You know how you no matter how much they hate can getyours straight. me. No, you need a revolution. There's been e revolution, a Who ever heard of a revolution black revolution, going on in A1. where they lock arms, singing rica. In Kenya, the Man Mau were We Shall Ovei-conic"? You don't 2-:-an-I do that in a revolution. You don't : ~11 1°"°1l1lTi03lT; they were the ones .- who brought the word "Uhuru" do any singing, you're too busy to the lore, The Mau Mau, they swinging. Its based on land. A were revolutionary, they believed revolutionary wants land so he can 1-I1 scorched earth, they knocked set up his own nation, an inde- °929TYlh1'-B8 aside that got in their endent nation, These Negroes WHY, and their revolution also was ent asking for any nation -- -= based on land, a desire tor land. eyre trying to crawl back on th - ; 11'} Aliefi. the northern part oi lantatlon. When you want a nation, that Erma, a_1-evolution took place. The Washington Post grid mi Ii menans were 1-evolutionists, call& nationalism. Pea m, they Want-ed land. France offered white man became involved in a Times Herald to let them be integrated mm revolution in this country against The Washington Dolly News England, what was it for? He France. They told France, to hen The Evening Star with France, they wanted some wanted this land so he could set land, not some France. And they up another white nation. That: New York Herclld Tribune ¢1'l88ed in a bloody battle. white nationalism. 'lhe French New York. Journal-America" ___ 7.1:-' 50 I cite these various revolu- _ Revolution was white nationalism. as '@n=.' brothers and sisters, to 'The Russian Revolution too yes, New York Dolly News show you that you dont have a it was - white nationalism. You New York Post Peaceful revolution. You don! l don't think so? Why do you think The New York Timon Khrushchev and Mao can't get z have a turn-theothcr-check rev- their heads together? White na- The Baltimore Sun -.1 °1l-ltilfl. There: no such thing as a nonviolent revolution. The only tionalism. All the revolutions that The Worker , , ,1 5 kind of revolution that ls nonviol- are going on in Asia and Atriea The New Louder today are based on what! - black ent is the Negro revolution. The The Wall Street Journal 01113 revolution in which the goal nationalism, is 1°V'i-118 your enemy is the Ne- A revolutionary ls a black na- The National Observer lle-eeueintion. It's the 4nlsn-eev- tionalist. He wants a nation. l was People's World reading some 1:.-eautiiul9292.vords by Rev. Cleage, pointing out why he Dole _ 1 1 ['1 Z6 5 __ couldn't let together with some- THE IIIL ITANT one else in the city because all oi! PAGE 4 them were aitrald of being id- mu:-e iiied with atraid black oi black nationalism. It nationalism,| oure you airaid loverevolution, oi revolution. you loveAndl n-19 Riv.12-14-64! T0150 Belmont lk

-I _,|_ C- SullivanMohr i_i_.__. DeLoach Casper We-~ Callahan _._._.._i Conrad i_..__ Felt 1.. 1 Gale . . is'* _ _ f Rosen .=:.-. .1. .i.'.e..;.; e_J92..u;...1.--.-.~_'. Tavel _ -A Trotter Tele Room . E J3. I Holmes Gandy _.._i '__i'- _,-¢~'-q- ___ 1-,. -_.--7-_} --I1-TF¬'J*_*'_'|I -t -r---'.Lf .'.... 92!'¢'_{J~4. yr,--.-. ..J -.'4..= _ --... " ..o7 --~-nu u-a Th§""t92.-'Zaicolm formed "Out of indjil;-'..l:<§n at Malc0lms assassination going unnoticcclin the current political campaign sent letters to candidates demanding action to see that "...southern justice is not truly the law... A letter from the D.A.s office said that the trial should start within six to eightweeks and Man- 1 hattan Borough President Con- stance Baker Motley 'sawno need at apprehension ah-01.. a. trial cle- lay of Malcolm X's fail:-rged assassins. r PLI State Senatorial Candidate Bill I-Ip:on said hewas incomplete agreement with the Committee's concern over the trial delay and I sat had cited the Malcolm X casein K 51-: his election pamphlet anti would Pi ,..92- » do so in future literature. In a recent advertisement in the MALCOLt92l X Amsterdam News, sponsored by citizens we nd itditiicutttochoose the Citizens Committee to Elect among candidates who have not Bill Eptori, a demand was made taken a stand on this issue. for a speed;-trial forthe assassins Epton pointed out that he was The Washington Post and i of rn"' ' t ghter Malcolm X. the only candidate running for Times Herald any office who has made this issue The Washington Daily News _i coll J W~&mn&mo'.g funds for a newspaperis part of his campaign platform. The Eiventnq Star ii advertisement regarding their A Committee answer has sinee work. In their letter to the Harlem thanked him for his "warrn sup- New York Herald Tribuno i <_ ;. 1.-_ __11£_1s.e"° he "" "As "°"P°1"s 1="=r-" ._.__. New fork Journal-Amutltqn i New York Dally Now! .____i.__,i New York Poet i I - _ The New York Timon ii If _,. The Wall Baltimore Street Sun Journal ii i r 3 9 / The National Worker_._._..__..___i_Observer i._._... UL The New Lauder ii I '+?&r""Rr:coRoE|: '/M -'3?_Z__?»_,-1/~A 't / I 37; as NOV 171955 _ Peopie: World '- 2-14-64! I _ b1 _ OlSOl'l I.-. »B0 O k S of I he Times lmont+/L 92;;_. ..92,;- 31'.. An E oquent es a HQ C U "1 1 T t ment 6/ ,». _. Cl uh .--. TH! AUTOBIOGRAPHY 0? XALCOLI X. By Eut the book ls more. It tells what hap Felt ,-2"if Malcolm I, with Ale: Hale . Inrrodtielioa -hi 5- 4'. By nuor rs:-:M¢m~_smrr_t pens intelligent Negro who JUTEEUTEB__ _ GaleConrado byJ unrated. H. 8. Handler. 455 pages. Epilogue Grove. by $1.50.Ale: Haley.that he has, within American society, no _~= future. And it shows in the most powerful 1/ Rose; T is probably fair to say that mmjoty and precise terms what this really means ' Sullivan 4-R of the ubl re ds Malcol yvho $19 ' P i¢ gar ___.t----H the sytstenlatlzed destruction of Negro self- Tcvel a was shot down by gunmen a an after respec as an almost automatic q|,;;;_q|;5 gt noon rally last Feb. 21 in Harlem's Audubon worse-society. . _ r Ballroom, as a violence-preaching "Black Muslim" racial agitator who reaped his own .' bloody death. Ironically, this is also the 1- " Holmes stated view of Elijah Muhammad, the self- Téle Room __i proclairned "Mes- - --at senger or Allah" . . _. ._ i and leader of the . - --==_=¢<=g..=.z..1 "1 - Y! Gundy Nation oi Islam *~ W .t ,it ' 1 Black Muslims! - .. _ -:- .92-.|i,;q92 which, among . 1. . other things, advo- 1.-=..__ _" »92-la cates racial segre- 4 . " gation and black ..»';'.§. ': ' 1-1,3: _ T supremacy. We .54_ ._, , -_;_ didn't. want to kill ;;-,'$-*2... " .. ~'?'-,-_:_! ._,.__.! .. - Malcolm! Mr. .=;= I. r 4. | 1D'lQ/ Muhammad cried i M . _ ,_.. V. over the heads of <.-:.~" '-'- " - .r 1. -sz;-»-*".';*-' -b_r¬... :92'.7.~ . his bodyguards er _s'~ [3.l'l'1D1'l.g them, Cas- -=2-. '*- ' sius Clay! at a .;_ ,1 -;5;;- _ _ Black Muslim con- r~' 92 '3. '-"=. vention tn Chicago The New York Times shortly after the Malcolm X H.-'-amurder. fool- ish teaching would hring__hjm_jo his own end! There is, however, another view of R. Malcolm X-one that is increasingly preva- lent among civil rights advocatesthat with w his death American Negroes lost their most able. articulate and compelling spokesman. Both views represent parts ot the truth. While he was a recruiter for Elijah Muham- mad, Malcolm X preached black superiority; and to the end he maintained that Negro violence was at least an appropriate response . 92 to white violence against Negroes. It is also true that in the last year of his lite he I .l radically modified certain oi his ideas and 1e The Washington P03; and 1'4 began to take an active role in the securing h Times Herald -er,_. ot Negro rights within. not apart trom, The Washington Dqy New. ._.. | 2"--, -.2 iunerican How important society.a spokesman he could ha: -z The E--enlnq Stqr been for American Negroes had he liv 5 New York Herold Trlbung ___i Ir- remains in doubt. His advocacy of black NEW OrkJournu1Amer.tccm ii supremacy came with bis conversion to the - Elijah Muhammad-centered cult of the N9" York Dull Y New :1. Nation of Islam while in prison. His begin- New York Post ning advocacy of civil rights and racial The New Y<>rk " equality came with a second conversiont0 the Islamic religion. It has been said, correctly I think. that M _ 3 we =-/11:: 3311??" "I'he Autobiography of Malcolm X" ls a The New Leader book about the nature of religious conversion, P:- the sense of being born anew that certain no. 15 1955 The "=1" Sm-1 mm: _.__ people experience. Certainly, his account ot The Notional Observer this phenomenon that he underwent twice- PEBPI-9': World the movement from utter despair to elation - ; 92 F» and-&o-srpnse of mission-is_g;g__p1,the Date book: maior fascinatlons. NOV 5 196

I -i ~l§=-" seii-respeculyet ulte a Malcolm lot to destroyX: early'1T.t'E"tlU!l a man: ails not seem unique. In 1929 his last name then fa was Little; he was 4 years old! he watched _5 E-J _-._ his parents home in Lansing. Mich., burn -of, to the ground, set afire by hoodlums who didnt LL-te "uppity" Negroes. Bis tallies, A Baptist minister and a follower of Marcus -. - .. Garveys "Back to Africa" movement, died 5. mysteriously shortly afterward. In grade school Malcolm was a popular and brilliant student, but when he said. he wanted 2.6 be a lawyer, he was told he should set his sights on carpentry. Later he pimped, pushed narcotics. became an addict, took up hur- glary and, at 20, was caught in Boston and sentenced to 10 years, a tenn that reected not his legal crime, but the judge: dis- approval of his having a white mistress. Its not an musual story, except thatMal- colrn was saved from its usual continuation: he was born anew. Through religious alle- giance to Elijah Muharru-nacl he gained a purpose that his country, a larger prison and its prevailing morality, had denied him. As this extraordinary autobiography shows the source of Malcolm X's power was not alone in his intelligence, energy, electric personality or ability to grow and change, remarkable as these were. Its source was that he understood, perhaps more profoundly than any other Negro leader, the full, shocking extent oi A.mei*ioas psychological destruction of its Negroes. 92- The Autobiography of Malcolm X" is s. -. brilliant, painful, important book. Alex I Haley has made very readable the many hours of taped interviews, and his ow-n epilogue, about working with Malcolm X, the assassination, his estimate or the man, ls candid and perceptive. The book raises many difficult questions, and it is s. testament parts of which many readers will not approve. But as a document for our time, : lts~'lT!slg1:rs may be crucial; it§_!!i!vmce ._ 7=f canoe hted. ,1. .1;

. 5" e e . - O-I9 Rev.I2-I4-64} T013911 Belmont ii """""""""'"'"""""""""lwluwlllllllli|I||lli||i|'|Iil*ll=**~' l=I#l=|*||"'1!|l-'||""I||||iI|III|||||1I|!'"|||||||||i1111||||||||| | llH Moh, 1_ K -Ii. DeI_.oach Li Casper _....__i I Nla.lnhlm Y .Qn|1.2lz.u__.Iulluhun SF oonrod _.___._..___ H, 0 |,,1c. P Felt i...._.._. ' Qule ii uzm:mnm am, -'-Illa do - v_-_-r The following is the next in- Sullivan ii 12' §.; stallmenfot the speech made by Tovel _...______Malcol.nT'X in Detroit on Nov. 10, Trotter _.____._.__._. -1, '1rsm!!"*'"" - Installment 8 .- Tele Room _i THE HOUSE NEGRO AND THE Holmes ii FTEIJI NEGRO Grlnrluuuu; ;;.= There were two kinds 0! slaves, ... the house Negzm and the field Ne~ ,_ gro. The house Negroes - they ..=_;,lived in the house with master, I -T 1 they dressed pretty good, they ate good because they ate his food what he left. They lived in the er;-laattic or the basement, but still '.:,,;they lived near the master; and . _ ._-,, , they loved the master more than the master loved himseli. They ._,.,_&would give their life to save the master-s house quicker than the -.__Wmaster would. It the master said, -"-4.? We got a good house here, the house Negro would say, "Yeah. we got a good house here." When- ever the master said we, he Excerpted from the book, Malcolm s "we." 'l"h.ats how you can pd-3??-32/' '¢ ... X Speaks, with the permission o a house Negro. Merit Publishers, 5 East Third St. 1 .'.-'the master's house caught New York, N.Y. 10003. Price $5.95 :4---IIIL'l_'_"_ r-->1 -=-trier; l '..u_-5.o re, the house Negro would C0llY!'iIht 1965 br Merit Publish- ght harder to put the blaze out ere. ,.;,_,than the master would. II the mas- .' I-'ter got the house Negro , _ 92 would say, What's the matter, And it someone comes to F9" we sick? We sick! He iden- ight. now and says, Let's se ied himself with his master, te, you say the same that th "4'ore than his master identied ouse Negro said on the plan 1 th himself. ' on. What you mean, separate The Washington Post and _i._ Crazy Idea! From America, this good white -Q man? Where you going to get a Times Herold And ii you came to the house better job than you got here?" I The Woshinqton Daily News Negro and said, Let's run away. m an, this is what you say. I 92 let: escape, Iets separate," the The Evenlnq Star ii 92. 9, le nothing in A11-ica," that's house Negro would look at you what you say. Why, you left 7° New York Herold Ttibuni _i . , and say,.Man, you crazy. What mind in Attica. New York Journal-Americani mu -I You mean, separate? Where is ??'- -I there a better house than this? New York Daily News i_..._.___ Where can I wear better clothes New York Post ______li than this? Where can I eat better The New York Times ._.._._._..__...... food than this?" That was that ,z_-92.,house Negro. In those days he The Baltimore Sun ii was called a "house nigger. And The Work or ii /4;. W that's what we call them today, The New Leader ii because weve still got some house nissers running around here. The Wall Street Journal ii This modern house Negro love ,4 ,» l The Notional Observer ______._..._.._ his master. He wants to live near People: World him. Hell pay three times as much as the house is svorth just m live 5 Du" * 11/8/65,, near his master, and then brag THE MILITANT -A-.vu92.l|. in. the only Negro out PAGE 4 here." Pm the only one on In! Jb." Tr'1 the only one in this school." bbuseNsgro. You're nothing r but , _ a Ufzar '<7, I v

master got sick, the eld Ne Fame rayed to that the eld he'ddie. NegroIt and someonsaid Let's sepa1'al.e_ let: run," h |did.u't say Where we 50111:?" He'd say, Any Place 18 b¢i81' than here." Youve got eld NBS"! in America today. Pm a eld N88119- The masses are the field N68709- When they see this man: house on fire, you don't hear the little Negroes talking about "our I0?" :3: ernment is in trouble. They 81!, The government is in trouble." air Imagine a Negro: "Our 80V¢1'n' oi residence. This eneblm H5; meat!" I even heard oe B53 " WT hites to control black labor as astronauts." They wont evm 16 hey want to, and they use e him near the plant -- and say you should let your bl ass system and all other devi ea astronauts!" Our Navy" - order to control this labor, in ow in the streets. This ' 5 Negro that in out of his shame. You know he's a Chris an order to direct it to places they a Negro that is out of his mind. want, at the gold mines, the white preacher. It it's a shame to rn, Just as the slavemaster of that you know what it is to me. farms, and the industries, and in day used Tong the house Negro- the quantities they want. to keep the eld NEEIOEI % There is nothing in our book, "So that you can say the whole check, the same old slavemaster the Koran, that teaches us to suf- of the black population is peas-= today has Negroes who are noth- fer neaceiuiiy. religion ant, landless peasants it is true, ing but modem Unje Toms,teaches us to be intelligent. Be but peasants, Those few who stay twentieth-century Uncl Toms, t0 peaceful, be courteous, obey the in towns hav no right to be in keep you and me in chet to Ree?law, respect everyone; but ii towns. They e there only inso- us under control, keep passive someone puts his hand on you, send far as they are employed by and peaceful and nonviolent. him to the cemetei-y_ That; a whites in to . good religion. In tact, thats that This means that the bulk oi Get Numb old-time religion. That's the one the population is the black land- That's Torn making you non- that Ma and Pa used to talk about: less peasants, and this is our start- violent, Its like when you go $0 an eye for an eye, and a tooth ing point, that no meaningful the dentist, and the mans go!-I18 for a tooth, and a head for a head, movement or organization can be to take your tooth. Youre going and a life for a life. That's good ""'-"'..created without the peasantry. So to ght him when he starts Dull- religion. And xiobody resents that 791':we concentrated in building up or- ing. So he squirts some stuff in "ind of religioi being taught but ganizations, and in pollticizing the your jaw called novocaine, to wolf, who in nds to make you peasantry." make you think they're not doing Tabata then discussed the pe anything to you. So you sit there I if This is the way t it is with the can Teachers Association, an and because youve got all of that v-bite man in America. He's a ffiliate of the Unity Mov t novocaine in your jaw, F00 Ell! wolf and you're sheep. Any s an example of the type of r- fer _ peacefully. Blood running 1 time a shepherd, a pastor, teaches anizatlon which is prese 3 all down your jaw, and you don't5 you and me not to run irom the A know what's happening. Bees white man and, at the same time, someone has taught you to suit teaches us not to fight the white - peacefully. I man, hes a traitor to you and The white man does the sa me. Don't lay down a life all 3 by itself. No, preserve your lite, thingtoyot-linthestreet,whit's the best thing you've got. And l if you've got to give it up, let he wants to put knots on yourit be even-steven. head and take advantag of you The slavemaster took Tom and 4'.-';£j._3j and not have to he afig 01' 2-'99!dressed him well, fed him well ighting back. To keep you from .,_..-. and even gave him a little educa- ightini back, he gets these I-1 tion - a little education; gave _92§§§~ eligious Uncle Toms to teach u him a long coat and a top hat. 1';-A d me, just like novocaine, 5 and made all the other slaves $4 -.-i..F;l suffer peacefully. Don't stop s - look 1-19 to him. Then he used Tom fering just suffer DEBN - to control them. The same strategy % As Rev. Cleage pointed out, they that was used in those days is used today, by the same white man. He takes a Negro, 9, so-called 1Negro, and makes him prominent b[Pi1ds him up, publicizes him I1 kes him a celebrity. And the ,_EL becomes- and a a spokesman Negro leader.tor N 92 Next week: The Nolro leaders.

THE HILITANT PAGE 4 CONTINUED l9 Fw.ev.12-H-64! Tolson Belmont Mohr i_.....__. e Del_c>c1ch .i.__ _. ._ ii Casper __i.__ Callahan E~Y;.* Conrad _...____ Felt 5%". Gale @ Rasen he :{;=*-1.a. ,,,-,, f',-.-1.- =-i_ Sullivan __-._- ..= Tavel ____i_,__ __i Trotter ____i_._ Tele Room __ Holmes .___.__.. 3'1v"Bu#on Trial! na=._s_-' Gandy ___..._..._ In S!=vin.n .., , -. nf Malcolm - .. I.1? The trial of three Negruu charged with rst-degree mur- r in-the slayin of Malnol L > 9° g!-he as been Black set Nat.i¬na1lsT1'E%for Dec. 6, the District Attorney's office said yestex-day_ ~ .'._ The men charged with wilful- b'T> ly illing Malcolrn "wif.h a shot- gull and pistols" are §%;;~;<-.@'L:1 "1-.Ia%n,22 ears 01¢, also knowg______..--I .P-S _ . an dTa-in-q,d.1. re °1.$£'*' M"5h*i_15T"5'°- jP_5Té!5O!1, N.J.; No BXIHI -r-:71"? 6.f~rP" E5 -.'* -' .;;

'e M Bronx of'661 and Roaalqie omai _ Aven e: f O11 , t he Bronx bf 932 _%r'or1§c 'Earl; 77e,,A!P¬-ax/93o Judge Charles Marks will try- the case in State Supreme Court. __ lcolm was shot last Feb. 21 as he startedto add;-eel a 510., ra ly of his O!-ga.niza.tion lo! -é . I: . rm r0-American Unity in the £1- , __-2| d on Ballroom, Broadway d _;_:; 11 166th Street. _ E-J"r:'-;_ 0 .?"<..921* ~ The Washlnqton Post and _._.__ 2. Time: H eruld _ ,». qarqc, Q,-ID /.-.4»~...The Wcrthlnqton Daily News ___..._ .92_ "= .*»"5! b *l'_'/M-3_993i.The Evanlnq Star _,..,ii..,.__ New York Harald Trlbunl i_ n.. -92 New York Journal-American i1 Wei New York Daily New! _i-_.__ York Post _.i_...i._._ The New York Tlmel Li I? /V; I lb L; K |_,_| ._P _ .n____=_ d The Baliimere Sufi _i_,_i__, The Worker __i_i___ ' _ _ . I _ bl F ° N9. LI; " The New Lauder _____i,__ / J The Wall Street Journal The National Observer _..___.___._ mvfires PeoM. Ple's ¢§¢97Z¢IiW0;-Id M 0-19 Rev, 12-14-6-H

MAlllNG ms MARK E ' ' I 0 0 . Sp strong d1agn0s1s of America's racial sickness 111 one Negros Odyssgy Callahan wwmmamm¢mu'u st - ,______By Bayard Rustin AlaeHIy.Illt|Iled.6tuveP|nee.455|92|I-$7.50. Thisodymqofmmeriuniiegminuamhi QC __i_ 6 his identity and place in society really begins before r .0 hisbirtrlI=40yea.raagoinOmiha, Neb. Hewas born L Malcolm!Little, the son of an educated mulatto West Conrad _._.__ Indian mother ind a father who was a minister Felt l.__._._._ on Sunday: and dedicated organizer for Marcus Gar- Z vey: back-to-Afrim movement the rest of the week. """""' Gale Tbe first incident Malcolm recounts, as if it were his welcome to white America, Occurred just before he Tavel . 5, was born. A party of Ku Klux Klanners galloped up .7 L,- to his house, threatened his mother and left a warning Trotter ...__..___ for his father to mp spreading troubie among the Tele Room ____ good" Negroes and get out of town. They gallopcd Holmes ____¬ w into the night after ashing all the windows. A few Gcmdy _...i_.i -v year: later the Klan was to make good on its threat by .;,, burning down the Littler Lansing, Mich., home be- -is! cause Malcolm; father refused to become an Uncle Tom. Tlrae were the first in a set-is of incident: of racial violence, characteristic of that period, that were to haunt the nights of Malcolm and his family and 1% "E hang ii.:Te a pail over the liver of Negroes in the North iL/~/ and South. Five of Reverend Littles six brothers died _, by violencrw-four at the hands of white men, one -_.__/1 by lynching, and one shot down by Northern police {L officers. What Malcolm was six, his father was found . 1:; cutintwohyatrolleycarwithhisheadbashedin. I'llMalcolm: father had committed "suicide," the au- Y thorities said. Early in his life Malcohn concluded "that I too would die by violence . . . 1 do not expect to live long enough to read this book." ' a Malcolm: early life in the Midwest was not wholly dened by ram. Until he went to Boston when he was 14, after his mother suffered a mental breakdown -l '_ _a' from bringing up eight children alone, his friends -J- were oftm white; there were few Negroes in the -3;. small Midwestern towns where he grew up. He re- "I- Th e Wushi. nq 1OnPi5tdZn count: with pride he war eleceed president of his Times Herold 1 , 92// 13,1 eighth-grade clam in an almost totally white school. The Wcrshlnqton Daily News ____ But the race problem was always there, although 1 'The Evening 31: iii Malcolm, who was light-skinned, tried for a time no -" -T :3 i New York Herald Tribune in think oi himself as white or just iiite anyone else. Even. ' ' " New York Journal-American _..i in his family life, color led to conict that interfered New York Dally News iii with normal relationships. The Reverend Little was New York Poet ii a erce disriplinarian, but he never laid a hand on his The New York Timon __,_,i_ light-skinrted eon because, unconsciously, according to The Baltimore Sun ______Malcolm, he had developed respect for white skin. On The Worker i___i__ii the other hand, Malcolm: mother, whose father was I white man, was ashamed of this and favored The New Leader Malcolm! darker brother: and sisters. Malcolm wrote The Wclll Street Journal that he spent his life trying to purge this tainted white The Ncrlloncrl Observer It]-JL-I at!...... :.... c_.._1-1- -._:_- People's World L "§"=_"§':i-FF '1. Y" VHF? ""-- - Date __ Z33//] wov 141965 1%?"Kiso set the limits on his youthful ambitions during what he describes as his "mascot years" in a detention home run by whites with mixed feelings of affection and superiority towards him. One of the mp students in his school and a member of the debating club, Malcolm went to an English teacher he admired and told him of his ambition to a lawyer. Mr. Ostrowsky looked surprised and said, Malcolm, one ff-i-*1of life's rst needs is for us to be realistic . . . a lawyer,i :Y that's no realistic goal for 1| nigger . . . youre good l withyom-handa.. .whydon'tyouplanoncar- pa|try?'Howmanytimt:hasthisacenebeenre-é peated in various forms in schoolrooms across the 1 .92 country? It was at this point, Malcolm writes, that I beg-an to change--inside. I drew away from white i beuphLn 92 i job-was- to liustlwrislrcy, Too many people want to believe that Malcolm the prophylactics and women to Ne- angry black man sprang full grown from the bowels groes and whites. He got his l first cook and zoot suit and a of the Harlem ghetto." These chapters on his child- L new identity, "Red," "and his hood are essential reading for anyone who wants to secondary education began be- understand the plight of American Negroes, fore he was 15. I was . . . Malcolm Little was 14 when he took the Greyhound schooled well, by experts in such to Boston to live with his half-sister, Ella, who had hustles as the numbers, pimping, fought her way into the Boston black bourgeoisie." con games of many kinds, ped- dling dope, and thievcry of all .-_i;--_'The "4-00, as they were called, lived on the Hill, sorts, including armed robbery." . __,_.'1?-only one step removed socially, economically and geo- E It is significant that it was graphically from the ghetto "the Town"!. Malcolm F Malcolm's good qualities-his writes that a big percentage of the Hill dwellers were intelligence, integrity, and dis- in Ella's catcgorySouthern strivers and scramblers H taste for hypocrisy-as well as and Wen Indian Negrou, whom both the New his sickness that made him io choose-crime rather than what _-ng-_-_ers F lane] an- ....=_...-...e...A qnrtlulrra .-...... -..1-all».-l Risa ...-c. L r....._,.....- .... '"En. » passed in the Negro community } owned some real estate and hr! own home, and like for a respectable bourgeois life. ; the rst Jews who arrived in the New world, she was Later he moved on to bigger _'§ determined to shepherd new immigrants and teach things in Harlem, became De- -u them the strange ways of city life. There were deep troit Red," went on dope and at bonds between Ella and her younger brother, and she one time carried three guns. His description of the eut- tried to help him live a respectable life on the Hill. throat competition between the But for Malcolm the 400 were only "a big-city hustlers and their fraternity is g.f version of those successful Negro bootblaclrs and both frightening and moving. .3 I 3 ar janitor: back in Lansing . . . 3 out of 10 of the Hill "As in the case of any jungle, '.". Nines oi Roabury . . . actually worked as and he writes, "the hustlers every waking hour is lived with both servants. . . . I don't know how many 40- and 50-year- E/ ' the practical and the subcon- old errand boyawent down the Hill dressed as ambas- iscious knowledge that if he ever sadors in black suits and white collars to downtown relaxes, if be ever slows down, jobs in government, in finance, or in law.'" Mal- the other hungry, restless colm instead chose "the Town," where for the first foxes, ferrets, wolves, and vul- Wtures out there with him won't time he ielt he was part of a people. Unlike the thousands of Negro migrants who hesitate to make him their prey." He summed up his moral- poured into the Northem ghettos, Malcolm had a i ity at the time: "The only thing choice. But from the moment he made it, the options WI considered wrong was what narrowed. He got a job at the Roseland Ballroom, I got caught doing wrong . . . where all the jazz gaeatgplayed. His title-wn-shoe and everything 1' did was done by instinct to survive. As a [n J.1 l ..,,_ 3;- l ..__ . 6-; $4- ll ? . 1 '*7 ir- . l-15$. F; r , 92| 1?. Malcolm left Hu1en_g,__;E.,.. turn to Boston, and a few months later was caught as the qr. - l Ont of prison, Malcolm, - head of a burglary gang. In wlill!"'P!tl!l'aining reI|'g1o'us, ar- February, 1946, not quite 21, rived at a balanced view of the T ey saw _Malcolm a aajhgglf he was sentenced to 10 years in l more fantastic elements of Eli- tohthetr domain and iipparendy ifprison, though the average sen- jah's teachings and a deeper were able to convince Elljih tence for burglary was about understanding of one of the that there was a threat to l'l.ll'll- s two yeat's-the price for his driving forca: "So many of scli as well. For although Mll- being caught with his white the survivors whom I lmesr as eolm always gave corollary ',~. girl friend and her sister. . - tough hycnas and wolves of the credit to EIijahand the Imuts ... Most of the first year in gt upon léim by Elna}: prison, Malcolm writes, he spent strcctsintheolddaysnowweree man un er l 24; in solitary confinement, curs- c¢tiongl Inttuee-415 ._- > -I-3-' ing: "My favorite targets were l so pitiful. They had known all his mindhe could not totally L0the Bible and God. Malcolm the angles, but beneath that sur- constrain his brilliance, pride got a new name from the other face were poor ignorant, or ambition. Only by being two prison "Satai1"--and plenty tmtramed men; life had cued people could I have worked upon them and hyped them... harder in the service of the Na- -'--.5 inof ti1;?to .-tllinlr. He went throgh what he described as a I was thankful to Allah that I tion oi Islam. l had every grati- '~T greit spiri al crisis, and, as a had become a Muslim and es- fication that I wanted. I had r 'ult, hle man whU1l!P!&lcaped their fate. I helped bring about the progress Ale: Haley, who assisted and additional impact such that 92 Malcolm with the book, rightly lg none could call us liars when we called Mr. Muhammad the will be amlmlrrar commends him for deciding not i most powerful black man in . '-;, those readers who and have prayed neverso to rewrite the first parts of the .' J7 America." .' __.? been in prison to understand book and make it a polemic 92the psychological torment that against his old leader, although l . As Malcolm's star rose higher prisoners experience, their feel- in the interim they had hrolcen l Ill the western sky, Mr. Mu- ings of isolation, their need to and now were in competition hammad saw his eastern star totally commit their minds to with each other. As a result, setting and grew jealous. The i something outside of them- the book interestingly shows conflict grew, although Malcolm selves. Men without any of the changes in Malcolms thinking. made efforts toward concilia- 1 tion. Finally, there was a total ..- J external economic symbols of After seven years in prison, Ebrcak that can be fatal to the .-5 ".5-ii status seek security in a reli- Detroit Red emerged as Mal- tr gion, philosophy or ideology. I colm X and was soon to be the 'erring Muslim who is cast away. Malcolm particularly, with his brightest star of the Nation of 'Malcolm was aware of the dan- great feelings of rebelliousnas, Islam. But as in every conver- lgers. I hadn't hustled in the hatred and internal conict, streets for nothing. I lmew I sion, the man himself was not I at turned to books and ideas for entirely reborn. Malcolm [was being set up . . . As any relief. When his brothers and brought with him his traits of ll official in the Nation of Islam sisters wrote to him that they the shrewd-mk-em» would instantly have known, had become followers of Elijah any death-tall: for me could Muhammad and sent him Eli- tixr_-iasiiltcts 1=me1*sr="'m2- have been approved ol'if not jahs teachings, Malcolm seized ghetto streets, combined now actually initiated-by only one on the tracts. Stimulated, he with the language and thoughts _rnar|. Later, just before his read other books on religion and of the great philosophers of death, Malcolm said the attempt philosophy voraciously. In _his Westcm culture he applied from to murder him would come from Splfliil and psychologicall reading Hegel, Kant, and a rnuch92greater source than the llcrisis he underwent religions Nietzsche, and great Negro in- i Muslims: he never revealed tonrversiell. tellectuals like Du Bois. Remain- ah-out whom he was talking. Y He took on a new identity ing,= too, with his burning 92 Under a death sentence and and became Malcolm X, a fol- ambition to succeed, was the ~ l without moner or any substan- lower of Elijah Muhammad.i rebellious anger of his youth for ; tlIl"Ieg-:|siution,lrlaldtn'dropi'Ed being dmied a place in society E for action, although it was un- Nowhehadaiodtoloveandcommensurate with his abilities. clear whether he was running But on the other side of the away from or toward something as he began another phase of obeyand a white devil respon-coin was a desire for fraterni lif- i his odysseya pilgrimage to --and---isIte1'nity, frus92|:a.ied_at home, on the Muslims he met, most oi whom he could not oom- municate with because of the fr@_;g_power structure. Mal- language barrier. Back in colm himself clearly meriiood 4|. s...-.-I5.-as-.-I ...I- La -I-as-I - America, he acknowledged that us: uuusplasnscu lulc nc plagui- Shandy-after hfalcolnllgglgail At a Selma rally, while Dr. Tom Kahn and I wrote in New Q? itwouldbeslongtimebeforeK.u1g' was in jail, Malcolm said, America and Dissent: Now iv» "Whites better be glad Martin that he is dead, we must resist the Negro was ready to make Luther King is rallying the- the temptation to idcalize Mal- .-es! common struggle with the Afri- people because other forces are colm X, to elevate charisma to cans and Arabs. 92 waiting to take over if he fails." greatness History's judgment -_: -It In Mecca, Malcolm also dra- Of course, he never frightened of him will surely be ambiguous. matically announced that be had the racists and the reactionaries His voice and words were changed his view on integration, as much as he made liberals feel cathartic, channeling into mili- because he had seen true uncomfortable, and moderates tant verbiage emotions that brotherhood there between [ used his extremism as an ex- otherwise might have run a black and white Muslims In ' cuse for inaction. violently destructive course. But . ,,'_-'. reality he had begun d18*lBi1'l8'Behind the grim visage on having described the evil, he his attitude on integration and television that upset so many had no program for attacking the civil rights mot;-heme:_t many white Americans there was a it. Witli rare skill and feeling ore as e ivisious 92compassionate and often gentle he articulated angry subter- - im and El'l]I_hfu-92man with a sense of humor. A 1 ranean moods more widespread harnmad widened. Part-way testament to his personal hon- 1 than any of us like to admit. But -through the book his attacks on esty was that he died broke and 92having blown the trumpet, he . _ L!the movement became muted, money had to be raised for his could summon, even at the very and in the epilogue Haley funeral and family. end, only a handful of follow- cludes that Malcolm had a re- i .. H, Upset by the comments in the ers. luctant admiration for Dr. Mar- ' African and Asian press criti- I Of COl.l1'5e we cannot judge -'?L% ltin Luther King." cizing the United States gov- Rpolitical effectiveness by num- The roots of Malcolm's am- ernment for Malcolm: fate, bcrs alone, but we cannot ignore bivalence were much more pro- , Carl T. Rowan, Director of the his inability to build a move- United States Information found than personal opportun-I L i ment. As a spokesman for Ne- - -"'4' ism. In a touching confession Agency, held up some foreign gro anger and frustration, he 1;_'_E'of dilemma he told Haley, the papers and told a Washington left his mark on history, but as so-called moderate civil rights audience, according to Alex l a militant political leader he organizations avoided him as Haley, . . . 'All this about an 51failedand the Negro com- -L too militant and the so-called ex-convict, ex-dope peddler, munity needed both. Till the militants avoided him as too - who became a racial fanatic. cud, his program was a maze of r moditcf They won't la iei Yes, all this and more, before contradictions. He was a bril- 4 0 turn the corner_! he once ex- we w: understao-:1. Malcolm's liant psychologist when it came claimed. I'm caught in a trap l pa. autobiography, reveai'me' mah- to articulating the emotions and Malcolm was moving toward : 5 Erh-. _ . thoughts of ghetto Negroes, but the mainstream of the civil - abypstslaf his life Y he knew virtually nothing about rights movement when his life acter, makes that tortured 1°-"" I economics, and more important, was cut short, but he still had ney more understandable. his program had no relevance to quite a way to go. His anti- One of the book's shortcom- the needs of lower-class Ne- Semitic comments are a symp- ings is that M. S. ll-landlcr 49¢ groes. His conception of the tom of this malaise. ,' Haley, in their sensitive and In- economic roots of the problem Had he been able to turn the g 5igl'|l;f92.l.l supplementary ¢0_I11- is reected in such remarks as ,+ 231-; 1'"' corner," he would have made an l ments, make no con92Pl°!'*¢"5"°it is because black men do not ,>_-it enormous contribution to the if-. estimate of Malcolm BK 35 3 own and control their commu- struggle for equal rights. As it political leader. 1-us ortcn con- nity retail establishments that was, his contribution was sub- icting roles in the Cl92"ll r11l'l'92l5they cannot stabilize their own stantiaL He brought hope and movement are described rather co_n1mun_ities. And he advo- a measure of dignity to thous- t1-an analyzed. Perhaps ll"! cates, as a solution, that Ne- ands of despairing ghetto Ne- couldn't be helped, for Haley groes who buy so many cars and groes. His "extremism" made. writes that Malcolm wantl I so much expensive whiskey the "mainstream" civil rights, chronicler,- not an Irll¢1Pf'¢i¢1'-lshould own automobile fran- groups more respectable by Obviouajy Malcolm wa.s_ not chises and distilleries. Malcolm comparison and helped them ready to rnalcc a 53'1""-11°? °i was urging Negroes to. pool __sr_r_l92s'tantial his ideas and an evaluation of their resources into small busi-_ h l role. __ .v--I'- ness establishments at a time when small businesses were de- clining under the pressure of big business and when an mt- {planned technological revolution men IScgeaging or uns maismed i un¢mp1o_v--_ 92 QolmLt_920Intions w III net ~r ~..--- almosta mirror image ofmany -,.. proposals made by white eco- _'_. Jhlmlni waswith theNggro >- -1-." nomic moderates; those advo- masses, but he was not 0 em. =..¢-s- ates of self-help without I His experience and ambitions ihr. massive program for jobs re- separated him from working- -»I.'_92- mix meefeoonear-..~oe!'.es "*7 :1-if elass Negroes. But to say this those black nationalist sects and is not enough. In a sense Mal- their build it yourself black coinfs iiie was tragic on a he- economy without capital. In roic scale. He had choices but short, Malcolm: economic pro- never took the easy or comfort- gramwasnotradicai. Itwas,in able ones.If he had, he might hilt. 11¢"? b0'11'8°°i!- h today be, as he says, a success- Malcolm got a wide hearing _,92ful lawyer, sipping cocktails in the ghetto because largesec- 4 with other members of the black tions of the Negro working ¥922'-Mbourgeoisie. He chose instead to class were being driven into the J I join the Negro masses who underciass and made part of never had this freedom of the rooess mass by the vicis- choice. And, before his death situdes of the economy. He ar- he was working toward a more ticulated the frustration and creative approach to the prob- - anger of these masses, andthey lems of the ghetto. Perhaps he .": '. 4&1-an admired his outspoken attack on might have been successful in the racists and white hypocrites. turning this corner. But while thousands came to After reecting on the old his funeral Iwas there, too, to days at Mosque 7, shortly be- pay my respects!, few joined his organization Nor should it be fore he was killed, Malcolm told Haley, "That was a bad scene, surprising that the Negro masses brother. The sickness and mad- did not support his proposed al- ness of those daysI'm gladto J liance of black Americans, Afri- be free of them. It'sa time for I I". cans, and Arabs, including such martyrs now. And ii Fm to be leaders as Prince Faisal. For what did a Harlem Negro, let onqitwillbeintheeauseof -I-In.--.» J-. alone an Arab Bedouin, have in i--:i'¢'.- common with a feudal prince brotherhood. like Faisal? And at home Mal- Our journey through the mad- 4 colm maintained an uneasy eo- 92ness of racism continues, and existence with the Harlem po- U there is much we can learn litical machine. Today Mal- about both the sickness and the colm's organization,the OAAU, cuss-icon» Malcolm X__...bJ hardly exists. in addition, he . __-'1 311?. never elurly understoodthat To-' as progress was made toward social- integration, the problem for America'sNegroes would b beoome_ just as much one of ~ .,-<1 cl-as-rue of race. -_a....s s s

_ r Ii!______'______;________A__"_@_______W_~__.____V__________£m_______-h______H_'_ L 0-'19.1-"ac--asi Rev. Tolson ______;_._.__ 'Casper ___i___,_ weL.oc:ch___? ___ / _ Callahan .ohr __.i__.>_._._____ Lonrad ___? b7C. Felt~ I Gale T Rosen Sullivan T...¢Z_" Trotter /I Wick .;._~ . Te-le. Room Holmes .__.___.__ Gandy Jug!In §electionMalcolmX Mls Lagging ]rll'¬F'E'£T:'cl. L10 Defensebgsecution and law- -!l';:_ yers failed yesterday to pick any more jurors in the case of threelirn accusedof slaying Malco X e black national- B-d-e|-llllir&. . , --gr i The lawyers questioned half a dozen prospects in an abbre- viated session in Supreme Court. The court will convene for a full day today, beginning at 10:30 AM. . : The defendants are accused of? thefatal shooting of Malcolm on Feb. 21, 196 , as he addressed a gathering tn the Au» 4 clubon Ballroom at 166th Street -s and Broadway. The one juror chosen so far is George Carter. a Negro chem- ist. He was picked Wednesday. 1 The defendants, who are be- [ing tried for first-degree murder, are Norman 3X Butler, 28_ '. -.-3 years old, of 661 Rosedale Ave-f ' nue, the Bronx; Thoma-s 15X, The Johnson. 30, of B32 Bronx Parki Q3-. South, theBronx, andThornasf . T.92 _ 0f Paterscé g. J. I Washington Post and oi -:~92.-. Times Herald 1'! 1'3 1.; The Washington Daily News ___ T.,,, The Evening Star ______,i___ New York Herald Tribune __,___,,, New York Journal-An-.erlcan____ New York Daily News _,.__i. '. Ind} New York Post ..._..___i._.__-,, The New YorkTimes LL12. The Baltimore Sun ii-ii The Worker __i_.i__ Qt The New Leader i___,ii__,_ The . | .0- 1; I Wc1ll592ree1 Journal_i____ The NGliOI1UldDSETVEf i___ People-'5 World____,_,__i__,,i . » 5i, Dale 1 . Df92__] ' 4 I_92 3,? I /6Q~ '3 77 5.35/*5 F13-350 Rev. 1-16-63!

To1son__- Mr. DeLoach.-- i Mr. I92lohr._.-_- Mhunl Clipping In Space Below! 1c, , Mr. CasP@T--*- -. 1 q M:-. Callahan.-P K Mr, Conrad _-- 1 , Mr. Felt-i_._--- _ii' Mr. Gale. : , I1-1-; Mr. Rosen. 3-1;. Su'92iZ92'8i1 _--- , Mr. Ta92'e1..__. -3? 5 Ma|co|m0X 92§r TrL-TlEl'...---- Mr. 'ick,s_ --- r. Teie. Room---- M335 H »im=-5~--- Miss GandY- . 11* 5 -, Trial Focuses _.____-_ _--- 1 ltlndtcoteroooe, name ol e. newlpqper, city and stale.! >» t On Religion '1- ._._,,. . By LARRY VAN GE].-DEB _6_ use toss: ':-onto '3 . 1 9! UM W011!-Telegram Stuff Tstsomn e sun 1- Religious belie! loomed to- Their trial originally ex- . day H8 a.¢rw:ls.l element in the [pected to begln late last sum- 5? tml of three rnenrwv Olimer, was finally placed on the 21:11; c dggid us en byfpolice orcers- ascourt But it calendar was postponed for December.because tor the murder 0! black na-{the court did not wish to in. tionalist leader Malcom X. convenience jurors at Christ- 1- As examination of prvspee mas time. The start or the sub- tive jurors entered its third iiway strike brought another day in Criminal Court, bothi postponement. defense and prosecution were Hustler! Career expected to pursue the line oi 'Malcolm X, bom Malcolrs llestloning employed yester- Little in Omaha, Neb., son day when no talesman were ,=a West Indian mother and osen. Iiather who was a Baptist Ml Three of the ve men andiister on Sunday and a bac wom examined were ques- to-airica movement organizer tioned about their belie! in a the rest 0! the week, was -'39 Supreme Being, and two were ,vears old when he was shot to dismissed when they told the court they did not believe in death. such a deity. A woman who did was questioned extensively In prison for burglary at 21 about whether it would make -aiter a. career as a petty Date: _ j.<- hustler, Malcolm seized on the Ed.H1on: A7 teaching oi Elijah Muhammad, Author: LARRY VAN GELDER - 2 92-u.L.|L¬AG.|u.¢¬ elfarannn u HnQ ywaavu Raven we nf=i¢92..-. uu:Dun.192ln.u.auu1 n|...er. 92.l'|-.-.'ll.».. 1...-..-1. lI2GlLlCl- I B- nned to tell the truth rather Following his release trom- Editor: RICI~TAP.D D. PETERS 92 than swearing it, and was also prison, the eloquent Malcolml -mu-;!1»!ALCOm L-IT'IL-E questioned about Islam. rose rapidly in the Mus1.im' 7 3 Postponement: ranks, reaching such stature Charged with the assassina-that he was regarded as a. tion 0! Malcolm X last Feb. 21 tlueat to E1ijaIh's leadex-ship."92 Character: betore 400 persons gathered,He was expelled tron-1 Muham-~ OI. in the Audubon Ballroom _at mad: Nation 01 Islam alter mm St. oft Broadway are: the assassination of President, Clulll ccttlon: PU 1OQ3 21 John F. Kennedy, an event he: Suhmlttinq Olcez as Thomas 1-almadge Hagan, Hay,-_ also 22, known,or -34-< described as a case 01 chlcken; M8-_rsha1l St, Paterson. N.J., coming home to roost." i C] Eemq lnvesziquted iieeca y and the two alleged "en- i forcers," Norman 3X Butler, Many observers believed I :2, ex G61 Rosedale Ave., and ;Elijah ma used the Kennedy! I/i@_2;2ue/I» A Thomas 15X Johnson, 01 932 remarks as a pretext for rid- : N09 REFORDE? Bronx Park South, both the} ding himself 0! a dangerous! Bronx. 11-wax. Malcolm then made 1' 191-{Ari 251955 "="."'ts_o_.t' WIQR - Ul-i, / i{____,__i__ Lf :.i fi J

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3 on trial in mlmaimtioqg

pilgrimage to Mecca, where he on his life. He traveled withi -became E1-Hajj Malik E1 Sha- bbdrguanzls. but he had cc-n-! rhin- cluded emy in 111; um that he] * From the time of hi; split would die violently. i with Elijah; Ma!c¢:L'n_ veg sub- an-nun A-m-I an vn an B uwulul-JEm-.:..-. - jected to a series 0! threats III:31'Y- he

"T____'___ e

.1-L9 Rev. ii-.10-651 _/-92 T9150"

' 'mehaach ohr __.._i_._i___..____L/ Casper i_..._.___ £1 D b7 '_Callahan _.._.____ Conrad Felt

~e1_.v"- Gale

=£!.é1£0LM X FE Flosen l om moznzsmss i.....i-i -' MAICOI CV81 T-Bit DOT-ll sullivan the w e power structure and the Black Muslims wanted to, see him dead. I witness said} .~ yaterday at the trial of the] three men accused of murdering Tczvel Maleolrn. 'The testimony. which supported the state: contention} '1that the assailants were trigger an men for the black supremacy" Muslim cult. prompted demands ;s£ for a mistrial by lawyers iora the deiendants. These were denied by Justice Charles Marks. *,-1 %.=.-_,-1' The statement was made under cross-examination by , 1,2,'2,- George Whitney. 33 years old. ele. Floom of 223 West 121st Street. Mr. 1 -. : 1:» Whitney stated earlier that he . had left the Muslims, in which! Holmes a he bore the name of George Gandy :____..._._ 23X. with Malcotrn, who set up the rival Muslim Mosque, Inc., and the organization of Atro- American unity. _ In the aftemoon. the prosecution added another piece to its mosaie of identications of the; three defendants Thomas Hagan, No:-rnau 3X Butler and Thomas 15X Johnson. - A. witness, Jasper Davis, 1 stated that it was Butler, seated 92; next to him at the Audubon l Ballroom last Feh. 21 whorl; jumped up and gave the signal l for what Assistant District At- torney Vincent J. Dermody said _ " ". was the re-arranged assassina- tici piazr:-r "-I-I--I

The Washington Post and '['1rnQ5 Herald ll Washington Dally News i y e i Evening Star New York Herald Tribune .----_ 1?; -Li-_ Inn - ~-~ . G e92'~e-1-'-,1 92 ' New York Iournul-American i._.... 1* ~* 1 3111 New York Daily News at it-fl. Q -.1. -; Iv laJ New York Post ~=- - -.. . The New York T imes The Baltimore Sun - Ir.--=1-=:=II=-=|i|i-4-mi-_,-i.-.._i_§ t_-. ,92._{ The Worker .e"="5 191_ 92N<<;;:1F'RDEB FE mass"-"-- The New Leader b119 C,1-2e-es! Rev., :.Tolson DeLooch T/L Hiilma, EIIIQIIOH. Q-uhla--IAccompag it Callahan MEI _.-'!.3- _. l°9lm_.Xl§§7id0W t5*TE§?£ , 1:11]-5 -_.... ,r,.. 1 sr"rr?... W. surlaim. the stand at 12:29 p by I Oi TheHerald Tribal: 51¢]! assistant nrsmer1h't'or'eySuili For 13 emotion-laden min- Vincent Dermody immediately . 1'.-_ - after her arrival in the Crim- rI'fI';__3utes. Mrs. Betti Shabazz told Tuvel a Jury of nine men and three inal Courts Buiidina. 1-$14:women yesterday what she Under questioning by Mr. De:-mody, she said she had knew oi the mujer of her Te-le. Floom §".»r-.. husband. Malcolm K, in the arrived at the ballroom with "vi-gi-I .T Audubon Ballroom last Feb. 21. my four babies" shortly be- Trotter _____.. iore 3 D. m. Her daughters at .s_' 'I'hen,_when attorneysfor Holmes the three men accused of the that time were aaed Q, 4, 2, shotaun-pistol assassination and 8 months. Twin daughters declined to cross-examine her, were born seven months later. Gandy 5 a court attendant led her to- _ She and the_children were ward the exit. 1n a oooun at me none or the As she passed behind the stage and when she heard her ,'l;b.g__g_gpsecution contends table where the three clean- husband live a Muslim greet- that Nagan and Butleaeereated cut young Negro defendants lnz to the 400 persons in the the disturbance in the audi- audience. she said. had sat for nearly six weeks. CLH.-B,-____ .92__l. Ltluh|J'U.l]J.lBU]11..92_..-.-._ as.-.-.su-cuas--4 vucu A few minutes later I saw she stopped and turned toward a sawed-0!! shotaun into them. someone stand and shout in ' __ MalcolmX and ed whilethe "They killed my husband." a loud and demanding voice, 0 two pumped pisto bui- she said in a low, quaverinz Take your hand out oi my 1e . ---- voice. "They killed him. Aotv-ally. She did not iden- pocket!" The attendant took her arm tify as her husband'skillers She said her husband: and led her toward the exit Norman 3X Butler, 26; bodyguards had moved irom but she stopped 881-bi- Thomas 15X Johnson. 30; or the staae toward the dis- They had no right to kill Thomas Hagan, 22, also ltnown turbance and she heard Mal- my husband." she said. as Talmadge Mayer. - colm say something to the The dramatic incident According to her testimony. effect that everythint would brought an immediate warn- the 30-Year-old Mrs. Shabazz be all right. 1n¢ from Supreme Court Ju.s-- did not see Malcolm killed and Then she heard shots fired, tice Charles Marks that the was not immediately aware chairs falling and people Jury should not consider state- oi the Black Nationalist lead- shoutlna. ments rrrade by the widow er's death. She pushed her crying babies ai:a:-ab-o_laft the stand as part Dressed i.n black, the at- babies under s bench to pro- or the evidence in the case. tractive widow was broutht to tect them. Then, tieud-gasp r r ca look tow ' it smg§5_g__£gtoge. "*4 the ard "I didn'tsee my husband. . I started running toward the 1 stage. but they wouldn'tlet me down there." Eventually. the bodyguards The Wa5hl192qtonP051 and L permitted her on the stage ' and she saw her husband: Times Her-aid body. 5 The Washington Daily News i Aiter testifrine that she ae- NewThe Evening York Dcrily SlurNews i__....__i @111-i-.1 companied the body to the New York Herald Tribune iii -. _!'{':' Columbia-Presbyterian Medi- cal Center and later formally New York lourncrl-Arr:ericon_.._._..._ identified it at the rnorzue. she leftthe stand. New York Post Throughout her brief ap- l pearance on the stand, Mrs. The New York Times Shabazz had glared at the The Baltimore Sun three defendants. After the -rs... ur.-.-92...» left the courtroom, William C. | is: IVUIAGA Chance. attorney for Butler, The New Leader i_,_____ , _ demanded a mistrial on the The Wall Street Journal v-. around that, throughout her '-92 testimony, she was "staring Thu National Cfbserver _____,i,_ ~/ in§_%ng¥iclly pd at the de- PeOr:le's Worldi____._.i_ ien an . Justice lllllhlv nied the motion. a 5;/Z3!-1 Q /7' xv ' D74Q~3_?j3=¥/"Y-||_ _-92-1-~ Toison D1Q ac, Rev. 1-25-G5! ' "7 $10: Wic!/,' "C crlp 57¢ Conrad h_i4___ -:7 = TM K JXs Widow ScorcseSuspe_ :1fsFelt _._ ..-._.",; - g-e- ~;'-. B, -I-H0 I U convened, William KC. Chance. Chairs falling, people shout- . s ,-,, _ ,,,_, M ,|,,,,,,, __,, lawyer tor Norman 3X Butler. ing. Then there was a succes- Gale .... tie. ' " """ " """ "' one of the accused, formally sion of shots. . . . My babies steelymwed, the widow o moved for I mistrial on the fur-I started crying. They wanted to Hosen Malcgea___X___yesterday Dunc Q d ther grounds that the Wld0W,|k.n0W if someone was going to Collohon _._..i ontauorhhmurdern "' th threemea who "er who calls herself Mrs. Bettykill us. . . . I was trying to . . ; - Shabazz, the Moslem name that quiet them. I pushed them un- Sullivan Lglen. lgavim l-he vim Malcolm assumed after his pl1- der the loench and I covered the r . the F=~'¥¢'f¬&i»m°°h"="t-ifit :;.*:.".i;* ;:.*".:it::1b*I*:..t...":Y.,:*;;.t;...... ~- Tuvel l¢_e;|'li¢31 n W1, Q19? 'I'11¢l7 ET! 94 sated my h"5- and estimony. he'defendants throughout herasked | "I heard Mr. Dermody. _a gasp," she S3-Id. 1» 'iblldl"SM tried 7' mm WW5-1'5'tently I watched from a. the distance defendant of twolcouldn't in- I looked see up my at the husband. I stage and I 1-an "*m- but We cw" attendant-= and a half feet" Justice Marltslto the stage, hut they wouldn't Trotter ;5@iZ°¢ 1111' by *1" "1115 and 1"-I1" replied in denfmg the appllca-let me through. Then I saw ed he! 1° the d°°"'3-3- Evellltion "end it was my ohser-.'a=ll'tim. sprawled on his L~e£l-:." Tele. Room i. 'W1'l1|¢_ U19? S855 all her. S19 tion' that she looked straight! The prosecution contends !X°13~"'l'lEd, "ThFY kl11E<1_ 1I1m- ahead." ithat the murder was cornmittecl They had no nglrt to kill my Mm shah; was cqmposed by Butler, Thomas 15X Johnson Holmes husband." giving her lng-a,9292'ajtEd ap-'al'92d Tain-iarlge l-layer, who is t The outburst. followed lessgipeuanm in the g;-1a1_ whiehlalso known as Thomas Hagan. _ r 7-313-1'3 19 Tm!"-1'¢95_°f gentle ill/¥95'~ goes into its sixth week todavlall of whom are allegedly mem- Gondy ummg by _ A5515-nt District A tall. well-spoken woman iinibers Of the Blalk Muslims. 1118 _i'..-_: I; *"*tt°meY vlncem -7- D?1'm°dY~'.her early thirties, she wore aiorgilitl that Malclm ___:.__-_she We lwl I-time F0 ldenflsunpre black suit, black pumpslbroue with in the year before "ls defenlit-5 =5 hem: in the a black velvet hat and at pea.rl~hiS death Audubon Ballroom. 166th Street ecklace. | In the corridor outside the ': mu B1'°a-dw3Y- 13-it Fell 21-; She lives with her six youngicollrllrf in U19 Cl'i1T1iJ'13-1'o Je,'/ when U19 murder t°°k P13=9- da.ughterstwi.ns were horn in Courts Building. leaets were and she w_as not subjected totoctouei-_ln 8. house in Mouetlbeing distributed announcing a °1'°35'¢X_4mm-3-3-°n- ernon that was purchased "commemoration day solemn . .-,_~ T118 SIX di 15-WY!!! im- tn gifts oi money after the march" on Sunday in memory .m¢di5l-913* 1'511¢'921 l U10 bench murder. of Malcolm X. Among its spon- |M31¥-5. to protest W50 and 15 Justice Pltilimig, Charlestold Ln Sitting her lap with and her her back hands straight tolded Association so:-s were listed for the the Advance-National :0 |UlEJl11'.Y of ninem md three in the witness chair. she told ment of Colored People. the 92 '°me'n1 the jury about removing her7Congress of Racial Equality. l When the last witness leftichildrerfs snow suits as her hus-HARYOU-ACT, and many oth- ithe witness stand she madelhand gave the Moslem saluta-ler civil rights and black na- _sorne statements that may ortien, "Salaam Aleil-tum." to the tionelist groups. , . ma-Y T101 have been audible to 400 persons in the audience at The march will begin et 10 ,lv"°11- the"!-" - I diret. Y0!-1 T-9 ' disregard I the Then ballroom, 8. lot of thin s were .A_._92¬. 110thStreetat Lenno. andx Avenue thereand '1When the afternoon session happening all at once," ghe said. to the ballroom. git.

:;'»._ ' ,/00 -3993-1/~£~ _"-'1'" nor or -noon ' 3-e-. 191 FEB 231954 1'.-"5 I __-i---nnn-- The Washington Past and ii 11:; Times Herald ¥j?Z'.F.'i The WOSl11l'lf;lUl'l Dolly News i Evening Star York Herald Tribune _._.__i_ /' New York Journal-American i_ New York Daily News ; . O New York Post it '° The New The Baltimore Sun _,___i__...-_ /3; The Worker The New Leader The Wo1IStreei Journal ____i The NGIIOI'lQl Cfbservel i,_.__.,____ People's World ___.___l_...__- Date Tolson ___---- Q-19 Flew. 113U-65! DeLooch _._...__ A 51;, Mchr __._.___.__ Cosper _._.._._- Collohorl _.i_ Conrad Felt 7 5MARHl0 MARK . _P Cole -..._u. -l-_.. MAL0LMS DEATH l" 1 They Walkto WlrereHe Was; Hosen Slain Yeara. AgoTcda__y '. Sullivan A solélpig march" in memory of mlc I5 followers Toveli....___ of themurdered blacknational-s Trotter _..__...___ let, leader mu» the mm coral Wick deserted street; or I-Lru-lem- yesterday. 92 - Tele. Room Organizers oi the commun- Holmes - oration day" had hoped to at- tract at least 500 para-ders and; Gondy Iha-d claimed.the support of such eiv rlglire groups u the Na-P tional Association for me? 92 ., Advancement ofColored People, the Congress on Facial Equal- izy and the Urban League. - .H92| 45 one bearded marcherex- .1, plained, however, those who showed up were "just people, not groups. - - Malcolm was shot on Sunday! afternoon. Feb. 21. 1965, as he was preparing to address 400 followers in the Audubon Ball-. ";-~§-. room. Broadway and 168m: Street. Three men accused of; L19 ii-re slaying are on trial in the .+~ Criminal Term or Supreme. Court here._ _- - Y; ~i~. Ballroomlloyootte ' r . E- The mB1"'=hE1'559¢ Offit 11I3°lbullding the marchers huddled refused had 1.hE-E'!'Ol.1p.!applica- : _~'.2

92. i ._

: ef. _ K I F. i. »,- 3}. AM. tram Lenox Avenueand Em the cold Wm. Ahmad uonmmre1eh_w_ 1 U1 Street, moving quietly I th eaabreast behind 8 yellowreadwachukul resolutiona 0,1,0;m,m.gm1zel.s_ askin them The theballroom hmhm bee manager rem id 1-he Wushrnqlon PO81and _.._;_ -1 fr. god red, yellow and green the, "r H ld £11A drummer . wearingagmup to "strive wgeere$t£mwnT::E,e£,cL1;11g;;steE.d¥E3; until Washlnqton[mes Daily Newsem __ Th bl ckleather d 21'um.-.1 1: wgg - .. ° Q o boots maa§?§wle¢§§¢¢.-1-§@,,§1§i,§§§t§§§¥-=* *1"H" 2.-3.;-M -~M- = -. ~»_ marchers reached the Audubon Ballroom at 12:45. h He ggso deqa::d:pefn1:"n;?tThe brief Pi-Hy E1'1dQdwith I. New YorkHerald Tribuneii... Ul.lL§id¢_ IWO-5tOryIB311|-uom, the ~°Y¢¢--whgs. $_E¥!-- --9 management --=1---1--=|%»"h an mphof- wqmgn Queer: Mother M m 3rioore,|an New York Joumczl-American____._ New York Dolly News __--_- New York PO51 igreen-checkedormge turban Ind ow-inI ¢1pe_The NgwYork Tunesj~_o 47'" _,_ 1 " rise youmighty, cnptig The Baltimore Sun 2 n non- if govemmg_ nation, n I The Worker ? v? shou because you canmo} 3%? mou tlins if you dare." The New Leader cl herspeech with theg The wall Slreei Journal , of "Uhuru." the Swahili word for freedom. and many in U1; The Notional Observer $ ;cz-owd er.-e92_=.reredwlL: uprais eopIe's Wori st! ' A ,, _,. All Dale J, "--'*" .___,,.../ f , 5 92Q 0nij°1»l - Mrs:-' " J 0-20 IR". 1-2a-ea: T015011 ./ -" De-Locrc I U oh E-Q C Sp@1' Q0-< =*!<'é' 2!,-It: P V' Tuvel .____;...... ',=i-'. _:.--1- ,- -,u-." __. 4 ~ 1

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gP79A 1 A MALCOLM 2/16 NI U _ -5 iii

7? uaunueon BALLROOM, 166TH sr. AND Boanwav, WHERE MALCOLM In: POLICE cowyxs

,.- , .--.--5 g vwlfnNEW MALCOL. Y@RKM§uPi:-43ARTn1ncz§ 's ASSASSINATION TAKEN wan: FLI . 11"., CALIBERTYEARON uszn T0 MURDER run BLACK NAT o T LEADER. sw- nsr. JOSEPH nzrscn A BALLISTICS zxpsnr snxn THAT zxrnncron xanxs rounn ow .n5 caixszn cnnrnznczs TAKEN snow ruomns nacnn, 22, -1- er an? MARSHALL st. PATERSON-N=J=- mnrcugn MARKINGS on THE 1,. _ wznpcw uszn T0 cum bovu MALCOLM x Last FEB. 21. i "1 1-,;_.. rzsrxrvxnc AS THE 21st PROSECUTION wxrwzss IN THE rxnsr means: ruRn£R TRIAL wnxcn IS INTO 11s szxrn wzsx nzxsca saxn THAT A MICROSCOPIC zxarzunrrou or THE SHELL cnsxc or was cnnraxnczs TAKEN HAGAN nnrcnzn runs: SHELL5 rouun IN THE_UPf§R maggggygg "__

SLAIN- REISCH SAID THE E ANT AND PECULIAR TO THAT PA S ARE SIMILAR TO AN INDI 9- 20 {Hev. 1- 25-66! F

I Wick ---_-i Casper ¬---- Callahan -_--- Conrad Felt Gale L1c' Rosen Sullivan 1 Tave] E- '92_ Trotter ii Tele. Room i Holmes E Candy i-----

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,-._- 292A f MALCOLM 2/11 Nx . ADV FOR ANS HON ! BY ETANEEY s. G 1 UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL ,1 5 =: E NENYoRK--oNE YEAR AGO MONDAY A TERRIFYING VOLLEY or :uNrIRE - TQRE OUT THE LIFE or RRCIST LEADER MALCOLM ITT E .__.: BEARDED BLACK NATIONPILIST KNOWN TO MIl..L]fONSLA§ THE 9. IN A HENHATTAN COURTRDOH THREE HLLEGEU HS H N ARE UN I IE-.;. CHARGED WITH FIRING 19 NIssiLEs INTO HIS BonYSI§Sl §PRE-ARRAg§§SE -G PLOT HS ABCUT H00 SPECTHTURS LOOKED ON FEB. 21, 19g5n THE SIX-WEEK-OLD FIRST DEGREE ruRnER . TRIAL Is ARKED BY A Iggggg, I6- A A|_n4 C§§§T§ I-UL CHbLHl Gggg g§g_5_N§TH9pIgAL LUUHIHUONON TRE SEARCH 13THFLOOR or ALL or sPEcTAT@RgTHE CRIMINAL E couRTs BUILDING. R MILD-HANNERED EUPRENE COURT JUSTICE CHARLES MARKS AT THE euTsET or THE TRIAL ORDERED THAT TRREE cuARns BE sEATEn DIRECTLY ,3- BEHIND THE nErENnANTs. I THE sEcuRITY MEASURES HAVE B '. .1 POSSIBLE RETALIATIoN av MALCOLM SYMPATH _ 3 PROSECUTING ATToRNEY v1NcENT J. DERMODY H ALLED MORE TRAN 20 wITNEssEs INCLUDING son: NR0 HAVE TESTIFIED THEY sAw THE DEFENDANTS INsInE THE UPPER MANHATTAN TAKEN AUDUBON BALLROOM nnni-c-QL~|H1N5lAT 166TH sT. AND ERgAngAy,_!IRINc SHOTS INTO nALcoEm's EQEY. nEREcnT RAE PINTED THE FINGER or GUILT AT THE TRREE ALLEGED BLACK MUSLIM roLLowERs. IN oRnERINc THE STRINGENT SECURITY MEASURES MARKS POSSIBLY RAE ATTEMPTING To AVOID A REPEAT or A VIOLENT EouRTRoon OUTBURST THAT OCCURRED IN CHICA 1 IN TNAT INEIEENT s COURTROOM WHILE oNE 0 . E oRE TR- ' IRELEE wAs ovER oNE PA .AN wAs DEAD AND 11 HAD BEEN INJURED. ggg SoN._or TFE NusIMs WERE SHOT IN THE CLASH ANn no RERE sENT To

r . ll fa -- 92 I 1 92 I .. 1|.{LU ~ in wAsHIN'a'r0I92r"C1PITAL NEWS SERVICE ! / E: Tl"; THE THREE NEATLY nnzsszn DEFENDANTS HERE APPEAR CALM awn unnovzn -. as THE narasxus EVIDENCE conrznuzs T0 FILE UP AGAINST THEM. 1 on: or THE THREE NORMAN 3 x BUTLER 26, or NEW voax "-F BPENDS HIS TIME IN COURT READING THE w6RLn ALMANAC ans SKETCHING PICTURES or HIS COURT-APPOINTED DEFENSE LAWYER E? THONAS 15 T JOHNSON 29, ALSO or NEW YORK as MAINTAINED anvancss AEACIAL HIXTU§% To TH EFENSE OF SMILES TABLE AND ann accuszsDEEP SHOCK HIM HHENEVER or FIRING A WITNESSTwo BLASTS FROM a savzn-0 F SHOTGUN INTO HALCOLM'S cnzsr. HE KEEPS a GUARDED SMILE ToR BLACK MUSLIM BROTHERS ATTENDING THE TRIAL. THE THIRD DEFENDANT, 22=YEAR=OLD THOHAS HAGAN OF SATERSON bwgnxzs awav FROM JOHNSON awn BUTLER, POSSIBLY FOR coon PETER L.F. sasaarxuo HAGAN'S nzrzmsz LAWYER CONTENDS THAT HIS CLIENT IS THE 61cT1n or mos IDENTIFICATION." SABBATINO ASSAILS TESTIMONY THAT HAGAN was a MEMBER or THE BLACK MUSSLEMS ALONG WITH BUTLER awn JOHNSON. HE CHARGES THAT HAGAN was a v1cT1r or ERRONEOUS IDENTFICATION i warn HE was SHOT IN THE LEFT THIGH BY a MALCOLM x SECURITY -H1 cuaRn WHILE ATTEMPTINC To FLEE THE aunuson BALLROOM. owcz a PROTECE or SELF-STYLED PROPHET ELIJAH Runarran, T "IN SECT RoRz THAN a YEAR sz=o ER GROUP, THE ORGANIZATION OF -.-.._. AFRO-AMERICAN UNITY. ~; MALCOLM DISCARDED ATHEISH AND ACCEPTED HUHAMNADS RACIST ,_1r TEACHINGS WHILE SERVING A SENTENCE IN THE MAXIMUM SECURITY PRISON AT CONCORD. FASS, HE ONCE SAID HE 'KICKED' NARCOTICS ADDICTION r WITHIN 2h HOURS AFTER ALIGNING WITH MUHAMMAD. A WEEK BEFORE HIS DEATH HALCOLN'S NEH YORK HOME ONE OF e THE RENT-FREE FRINGE BENEFITS HE ENJOYED UHIIE IN THE 2 GOOD GRACES OF MUHAMMAD, HAS ROCKED BY FIRE BONES IN THE EARLY MORNING HOURS. ______NFLCOLN LATER HELD A NEWS CONFERENCE AND TOLD HLFUKILKS THAT BLACK MUSLIM FOLLONERS WERE PLOTTING AGAINST HIS LIFE. ASKED BY A REPORTER IF THE SO-CALLED 'CONSIPRACY' COULD BE HALTED, FALCOLM RETORTED THAT MUHAMMAD COULD STOP THE PLOT BY RAISING HIS HAND. - MALCOLM REPORTEDLY HAD PLANNED To REUEAL at THE FATAL RALLY THE NAMES or THOSE wnon HE saln HERE TRYING TO KILL HIM. a RED NOTE soox PIERCED WITH THREE BULLET HOLES was TAKEN FROM HIS LEFT BREAST F POCKET AFTER HIS nzaru. THE aoox HAS azzw OFFERED INTO zvxnzwcs. DERMODY HAS CHARGEDTHAT BUTLER awn HAGAN, ARMED RITR .9mn awn .us AUTOMATIC wzavous, INFILTRATED THE RALLY awn CREATED §:gTg5g0RTUNITYA EDIVERSIONARYT TO suzaxCONNOTION To MIDWAY THE sracs IN THE awn BALLROOM ToSHOOT MALCOLM aLLowWITH JOHNSONTHE 'pEFMODY IS ATTEMPTINC TO PROVE THAT HAGAN awn BUTLER PcLLcR:n FALCOLH BROKE JOHNSON To AHA THE sTac£ awn PUMPED snors xuro MALCOLN'S f HIS DEATH T0 FORM H Q-15 {Horn 1-25-55!

N ,_ L ~ .:Looch lson 74;_...._.___ ;=_!_.:. "' Mohr _

MM C s er _i__ SEQ Collohcm __...... _ 51¢» Conrod ____or Prosecutwn Ends Case

Felt I A public-relations man who Gale = was I. tree-lance radio re- Rosen porter e year no ye-sterdlf Sullivan /Luv, i became In the M 2461 alc0lm%X and last Murder T prosecution witness against Tovel ii 1 neent Derrnody rested his T the three young men accused Trotter i.._._.___. ; of the assassination of Qlgck case after the testimony. The Nationaltst leader M loolm Z. delenee will open on Monday, Tele. Room i Charles Moore told a. urr the first onniversna Q! Mll- Holmes - of nine men and three women oolml denth lot seem: I. man Ilrinz "en Gondy __i = automatic pistol" in the di- ; rection of the Audubon Ball- } room stage where r~Malcolm was standing, of runnln: to .' 51; 1 I"'*92 l a. telephone to call his radio 92 station and then seeing the -4-If! ll man shot in the lei as he rm . 3-. " from the scene. L Mr. Moore identied the l. man he saw u Talrnadie Nayer or Thomas Hagan, 22, who ts on trial fcr the murder with Norman 3X Butler, 26, and Thomas 15X Johnson. 3051"--1 I----q I Assistant District Attorney

T /we 3 W 3-=/-*4 I - r.._._ -_ ~-- -Ir" ._92 - v-F ~ _ , " sl- A e . --Jn 1-- __ Ii. .-.q.- ll §--I ke» . '7 - 1:11:~- ...-..-H.-r -.-=J-- --1." The Woshinqion Post and ii Times Herald The Woshinqion DC|ilY News .___ The Evening Slur . New York Herold Tribune P New York Journal-Americuni New York Dally News ____i NEWYork Post Lie? The New York Times ii The Baltimore Sun oi 0-rs mu. 1-2e-es! Tolson eLooch ' -ara- 3 ° ffnanswcfcd-Q-Motrvéwlal 0'--92I92|I@ ';;;.1;.Gn...._ iv.

DY jlnsli Malcolm W. Jun:-.p--n-1, _ _ X _ _, , _ Murder, ___h-_ / H--*-4| nu are-_|s 2'1-lblae sun r - -r 'I'he proeecucnh cue aninst 4 l Conrad ";:".M co sroun "":ri.." s. 2. oneme. r ba thehi:one:Whoen:lneered 1 nation of Black Ne.i:ionsl.ism's Since that afternoon I364 da --..'-IMoul.m's riddled body was w the Audubon Ballroom and *0!-itlee-United States zqvernmenl-I-I-you nounced deed at Columbia- are a conservative. some residents will , V Tqyel *- e en-ee with your theory that the OIkillers Medical. Center, the asiunp were scents oi the "Peking Reds 3 that the killllll was em-x Muslims. Both the latter theories have their root! I in Malcolm's international activities in the a There certnb bed hem had blood period beiore his death. He had made between Malcolm and the Black Muslims. a Dilarim-are to Mecce end a speeklns Elijah Muhammad suspended Malcolm. tour in Europe and Africa and was Trotter i l> his most eectiw minister, in 1963 for 1 0 friendly with oi Arab ne- Tele. Room i. in remarka made after President PresbyteKennedy: 1 ti e % esrassinaiion. and Later expelled him. p Wu L N-B-=1-7 _ Holmes l Malcolm resented that, and membere od '5 his polical and religious oruanizations --'--- - rnsonrns - --'-' _ Gcmdy Z ,5 were in violent clashes with the Muslims at nrlous times. i» After the ltilllns. various cl Malcolm'sF. The ultra-liberals saw in his death followers talked oi task forces headinl tor the Cenzral Intelligence Agency's reaction r to his plans for a united Arab and African Chicagototakerevenzeoniheelderlrpeople which would include Americans Elijah. but no attempt was ever made on4 of African descent. The conservatives his lite. K maintained that he had been supported The Muslims publicly denied any con- F by the Chinese-Cuban branch of the nection with the murder, but lew oiiiciale Communist party and that he wee killed. L1 gave them any support and the senerel -eeeeeee-"he was movinzxawey i'rdiiI""Illl public has considered them Iuill-7 oi it. subversive racist line which he had been ii Howe1rer.atnotlmedurin:thed.I weeks that Assistant District Attome! Vincent J. Dcrmocb has presented his 'Thisweek,t.heJm'roi'n1nemens.nd 7 evidence in the court of Supreme Court Justice Charla Mark: has he given any evidence oi a. motive for the murder. three women in Justice Marks court prob- p- ehly will heer another theorytl-let Mal- 92 Q MUSLIMS I coimdiedestheresiutoiaeonsblrecybr several witnesses identied as Muslims the three deiendants, Nonnan II Butler, his hodyzuards. N J 26. Thomas 151 Jolmeon, 29, and Thomu When s. celebrity is killed at an appear- Hagen or Tehnedge Bayer. 22. but none ance before several hundred persons, the ; person charged with the crime can expect /4'0 /3 ??3.1/-'4 clehnedtoknoworevenimplledthat than relltlorue leaders misht have sent aparedeoieye-witnessestoeccusehhn. -. than to kill Malcolm. J Butler. Johnson and I-layer have seen nor Rnconnllb -1 'Ihe only link between Malcolm: deeth such a parade. - andthehluslimswesatenuous one.trom Except for omcial witnesses, nearly 191 FEB 251966 every one who has come to the witness Georse 281 Whimsy, former member at The Washington Pos '~':the Fruit ct Islam, tin elite Muslim stand has testiiled to some part of whet __|w-' '-"_ ' 880111!!! cowl. and later botbt-lid to happened in the bellroom that day. Times Herold Malcolm. Whitney said Malcolm had con- Bayer and Butler have been identi- The Washington Dally Newt: i tinuouslr clllrueed lean thet'he would ed as the men who created a disturbance be killed. "saying that thzgrer structure in the audience. Johnson has been iden- The Evening Star and the Black Muslims both inter- ttiiedesthemanwhorentothesiase New York Herold 1 ested in his deat.h_" - durinzthedisturbaneemdnredssewed- Journal-American __.... o shotgun into Malcolm. Hayer end New York Attorneys demanded to know whether Butler hare_been re-identied es the men New York Daily News __...._i he slid white powu structure" or "black who then ran to the stage and pumped New York Post ¬__.._._..i_.._ Dower sh-mature." but may replied that pistol shots into the iailen Malcolm. he "just slid power " The New York Time: F$'Z Under such circumstances. defense at- - In Harlem; wh grow taste torneys have cross-examined intensively. The Boltimgrg Sun _¬___i_. thln trees does _ locations. phopin: to shake the eye-witnesses -and, The Worker . the theory that the ' ordered occasionally. having some suecese. some Melcolmis bot not i when "i -'""""'r oi the questions have been classics. such The New Lauder __,___ii____ -As witnesses have admitted that they wen--pioot the security l'921I;il-=IL&P° 111-1;. . meeting and. in some cases, were armed, . ,.._- the defense attorneys have hammered .-.- .".-' 4* '--'_-_-i~"'- -g I ,5-"-'-.7.. , -.'2".5-_-"": ' ' I--n-.'...- questions at them about their failure to * . "-' _92~ #5: z .' . 2* tr. --; .-_-.17? =-f'?"--°*#-;:==-:-i 7;-E--*5. protect Malcolm. Thomas. who said he wan '. .3-.-,=»-"7 9 r ~7'-"."_.- '---,. -_ ~e--. ;. - . n - - cumin: a pistol, received quution after r ' . V. _ :.-'¢>--7f!.'_,'-_- question on cro-examination about why -'..-.' .1 ._,,- -'- - .,_ -.27 he failed to shoot. His only answer was that ~45 - 1:3": ' *I.-'.J;.e-- -'.- '1 -. he was confused and the efiair happened '-19" .._ , I " *__' ..,» "l-$3 .11 11,;-*.:".~'. _ _. 9 .552 too quickly. . . -R...- ii >. . 1. .1;-5,. em-_-..~_-e.--.--_.e-. .----._ I N0!_ . .. ~. .- ~ ;-J |92_-_ :'*"F'-J7-' .u-- 1-,, . r"_'i*§,!- . - ~..:- -. - -'=r1- I- __--_-'.- '_!.¥;- 1-w".-7-1 1'-5" 92 §~**--.;?:~*.'.:1&*- .r--'-' I 2: But Thomal. like the other bodyguards. -.'*.-..>-§?_;* -4- -.1--"1 .'--*-=-.¢-'1.-gaP-- -' F-=f'= *~-"»~-.¢=-:..r* .-. _ -§i'-"¬§é-'1'~.:""{:?*~=l:§T§:_i'*-;-;-:_g.> . ._|_,_92.-k__...,.§~_q. i ¢"='-15$?-"* - .»___ -v~>- '1.-~ t-.?r-r¢'?-..- ;E~*-3 reacted Mth an emphatic "No!" when the - I .7Q 9 er--. . ,_'.!~'_"-""-"|"?-:I92.'5fl!':?:§'_';'-Egfgirei'Y*~"* c *'=-i defense attorney; e-sired him it he had , r "45 "mi" .-'i;-.-w.F' =- ,. . conspired in the aesassinltion. That quee- :92¢-' . . ~..-;; 3-1:.1:;'tE='-3.»-.~=Q'T?"='-'{;a-F-£f$§.f _ - ~-.e~ _1~- i=j-.<'7'.- _" "-=.? ~-a -:.,-_ ti.1._§..-,_ 92. tion was the only one of hundreds thrown I ;-1 -"1-. ;r7---»~".:- ="=_:21-"-'.='_=.=~,-=~ ._- _- '45--1 1 at him which caused him to lean forward _- --.-" .; r-. ,- --1._.V .~_;;92_¬_,__ _.,-5. -|._92h __ _.____-__..-,,_ -3.-_j;;-'4-".1."-'¢;t_-. >.92-:.1L__; _., .;u_-';~_ l :- "'._ __. ' ' .: . .;!:_;'.- ~ in the witness chair. Irish the micro- ...-.;.__. 92. _ l....;,P. ".-,_;_ ,.u phone and bring his mouth up close to it ~ "-1- .f- .-.-'.=- "~31 ""!""" ..--.=-~.' .¢~ .>'~.- ~}'=I* 7. VF-_ . "F2? "--" r - 7- 2 g. *: .92~' .';-*-Ti-i=?--_.-7=~.:+;-i -5:1;-;-._.~»_ ';_~l,a.-_'L-;_-ai$:f.l5._-£%iL'?_ ;_.;.-1:-;,';;;;;_92;-3 - *.-'.-'!=*-~.- ;,p'.-.._ .--_, {._- - before he answered. ""'n- - _ :. - ' :.:¬:92¢J:%is:7'~'::7?"."|' _ '-:1. ~_-- -'- - _-_-;r_'__ -'4-~','_-'f;?;-'.'3| _ _ - 17- =-. ; _l-1 . -;.;; .--'4 ' - The detenee opens this week. 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t Hectio _ _ . _ . " 1.1: '1e1e. 2%Room 1 h ___L»- H? k __.___ -"i_i_' Robert " ' Penn Warren in - 'm N t ham '""' ' "t; T, at -'rlJ 1° 111 '"*E= " - """*'.1 mm "3194 iond it hufd ggeeoneeive Gnd! i---- in -Tune 1964, and I !_!-II-poig-to m- a dignity um i.som1n0921s."! Mal ..-Li; terview a man with the same Wmm's 1111011, w:I.th.._.. ¢-.e hlIIleiIlJ8.lll.l.IlI'y19B5,.Iphrggg11 u1e§11gmesthmto1agnne.'?War- 2 ._ that _way beeauae,_ after reading 1-en look; him over: _ . _ - Wanen| amount, I almost won- .. "The most striking thing, at H; GHQ!-1 if we had interviewed the rst about that face is a sort Oi -:snmemnn.Orcourse,med1t:e- =wn5.ue==,ar1z1dio',uthm1¢!1. .-I encewaere intheinterview ondallteelin Whenthelipl ._, _ =18. in their I111 atutudesand assum.p- - I , be? moveto speak _¥Qu__e,¢==D¢=11¢8 I8- _ _. .. | 1 L _.j 3; 5°!!!-_ Ii taint hint of surprise. When as 1: TIl'a.r1'~en wag ham ma raised ' 1 discover iota he score a in on South and, a, , mm: ! point and the face suddenly break: , believed in 5¢g_|'gg3 _ He into hi; characteristic wide, leer- ;.- f : Noi_ Spent as amuch writer Of his and Ii! ete'l§¢h;_ th ini, powerfulmeroilass even a'rni1¢- teeth with aleammgma ;,;qf=.-F and is now against. 5e~Q$D-n. ; beyond the WEI? pale Pink 1111!. wanted to nd ml; more about startling. But beyond the hom- wh;tNe;|~°e,g_b_mk_5ohe,,t t rlmmedglasses always the eyes are watching, pale brown or hazel, to booW112 'ew Speak: 0! for them the g Ne-, wen 5°11":t;1-'1 miim °t 3"*u°'- than Y °l°'°d °3'nn°tin 1- gt-o?1{P.an..om :3 House 1955!, . 5]?- - _ approach is that oi a iibe.ra.1.; Felt Dismbel -_- one of his favorite questions of "Ana th h d ha, be mm. . mepeopze he interviewed was am to ms QM: _s1 ,m_ to, tn, _ f_ athey goodthink idea that to it have would compensated have been; $3.05, mam {he dismissal mom inspu and wane,-up ' Malcolm X "'-'" E the Confederate slavehoiders tor. -._ _ ' as he stands than am-0,, . ; the slaves emancipated; he seemed the expanse or ban, lqwem The wq5h;nq[Q|"| P95; gnd ____,__ fI said tOhiti1OI1b¬5'lWit.hlhO8lWhO it would have been I good affengin nit-fin ?_ _ Iaam withth watch. ions mmous him Times Hem. ._. ide" He evidently W smart and he knows I am wratching him The Woshinqlon Daily News _,___ ? E!!°9218h 15¢ Omit this ll!-@5593 with but he live; no sip," Malcolm: The Evenlrlq Slot ii - Ma1ct?°]:92"n°r at least he dog 18111-11'¢ 10 81" 5 sigllnthmi 1:; New York. Herald Tr1bune.____._.._..._ um ' goes 1° the Hate 'kn SITED ti! the Eiattadp mm New York Journul~Arr.er1CcIn____i .74 real lh Harlem tor his in rviewI ant" he; now become. New York Daily News __._._.__.._. 2' llmadmh arr M beckons W ._,. . :....i"'£§;.§;'3?.i..{,...3I.;i.i§ '"*~ " he - as "Whis otce. "*0 " ail"; co ;2°::...."° me ii $53 ""'i'- '_-.I £3 »Int 1'=P=9292'¢- bl-n_73tlchtu-L >1 °"=*=°°' nn°°th'[ El um that he has 1188 found 0111]? I that few you III!-in?-1185 -mt; The WC, Baltimoreke,Sun q __. P1_ a lot of time with reporters and f gs; 50 e"? e 1.11 EPVIQW =~1** :35?-" . /00 -i 42733/Iii .3_ ___ .__L..r,-.-, a gliiii -when It seemedmaomewhat Ban-31 mteooaro and . Aditffellel .n..e:= 1- r " ' , or " 92!RDED'"he National ,= . Ubsetver O viewed Malcolm in the same of- FEB 24 1955 people énoéli ?6""'__' tice on Jan. 18, 1965, a month be- Duh L/i_-- tore his assassination. Our i.nter- _ THE MILITANT _ n

THE HILITAHT I13g_,nn' g that strulk-.u.s_1irst wag how Olm,1wk9d. I; the Autobiography, Alex Haley .., _ ?. describes the 18-hour schedule he followed.! At one pbint t-OWE-Yd the d at the interview, a yawn PAGE 3 CONT . -1: can be beard on the tape, iollowed - MALCOLM X: RECOLLECTIONS OF A -o by the apology, "Excuse my red True to Form .,,. mind. We were a little u.neOm- Malcolm knew the white lib- iortahle at rst, teelinl that 5131- - e l type very w ll, and he must .-2", colm might need rest more ur- h%1l!' to grinL leer=!when J gently than we needed an inter- he saw how closely Warren was g. t . view and, because this was the, coniorming to the type. And wh rst time we had met, there W88 Warren asks Malcolm it he be- 50mg over-politeness on bothlieves in political assassination" sides. Malcolm sent out tor coi-_ i!, it is not hard to see why _ 3 tee for the three 0! B8. Malcolm might turn the hard, VISIT his is.-niliar joke about % preter- impassive face and veiled eyes ence ior light coiiee, and atterlupon Warren and say, "I wouldn't '4that the atmosphere warmed l-ID- _ lmow anything about that." Milt] , and how otten he had Alter the formal interview. W9 l F I returned to Malcolm: ottlce seen it abroad. """-""" ~=.oeredtotyDeit11P311db1i1181l=- less than a week alter our inter- i ltoldhimlmlghtbegoingto back, edited to t our space re- view, bearing the edited transcript i Algeria for the. World Youth Fea- I quirements, for his nal check and Barry had made from the tape. tival then scheduled for the corrections. We also asked ii II we had known this would be spring oi 1963! and glght be able 1 he would like the Yol-mi Socialist the last thing we would get £1-om to meet some oi his - tacts there. - Alliance to organize a national 1 him, we oi course would not have He said, Great, that would be a Waking tour of campusel for t shortened the transcript, even good experience; they have a hard him later in the -yell He E!- slightly.! Malcolm was talking to time. believing that revolutionista pressed interest in this, but did t a young man in his inner oice. exist in the United States," We not commit ruins he ; While I waited, tor about 10 min- arranged that he would give me would discuss it the next time we utes, one of Malcolm's co-workers, the list after the Young Socialist ¢ot'together. the onbr other person in the outer otfthe press. _ H_ -J Trap Fails H office, dozed at a reception Idesk. - '- Campus Tour A '.-J A small stack oi Militants 1 y on Let is retum to poor Warren. the desk with a couple oi es reminded him about our pro- as tries to catch Malcolm in 1 on top. . a l for a national campus tour, 1 contradiction, but Malcolm deftly time he responded very avoids the trap and makes his vwll As Malcolm read the transcript, Favorably; he must have thought 2 point. Warren: reaction: he began to grin. When he came about it further and may have dis- to the question about capitalism AI "I discovered that that Dale. 51131 cussed it with some oi his co- yellowish lace that had seemed so and the statement, Its only a l worlrcn. He said he had learned veiled, so stonl 38 F-_h°}131} matter oi time in my opinion be- tron: much experience of speak. fore it will collapse completely, yond all feeling, had nasned into F. ing on campus that students were its merciless, leering lite - the he said, 'I'his_ is the farthest I'vein general the only whites_ that -5:sudden woliish pm, the pale pink ever gone. They will go -wild over seemed to be open-minded. He 1?lips drawn hard back to show the this." I asked it he wanted to tone said he was sure that the govern- strong teeth, the unveiled B1i_ it down and, without hesitation, ifment would a-y to buy sf; the or the eyes beyond the lenses, 81 he answered no. _ white students who were radical, in the sense that the lenses W He said he felt the editing had that this was their main problem. part oi a clever dis ' sharpened up what he had ori- I.He said they should get in g J? th the eyes needed no help, 1 ginally sald; that he had been closet" - away from the profes- the suddenly See evelmi-" _ tired when he gave the interview. sors and the job otters from gov- . N , hn had ruined his T He made very few changes and 1 l ernment and business and said that would be the nal copy, 1%think out their ideas more thor- oughly and basically. They could ,. rea""' by '% t an whilujrlle was in prison, andkyliustaahehadlcititl-Iesaid,travel the road before them in one .$ , in the Autobiogmphy that he hid of two ways. he said. " as mis- Make any additional changessionaries or as revolutionaries." astigmatism. Never mind the facts you want - it's tine. This is the - Warren senses that the lenses He asked a lot of question; kind oi editing it: a pleasure to about the Young Socialist Alliance were only part oi a clever dis- read." .. K guise" an elaborate scheme fer how many locals, where, what fooling liberals somehow!. Warren Ma.lcolm- then began to talk campuses? He wanted to know dldnt really need to look tnt about young revolutionaries he how long the tour would last; he Malcolm's eyes he came to the had met and been impressed by said he could not make it until interview convinced that Malcolm in rica and Europe. He said be after his return from another trip ha E long list oi them he calledabroad that he was committed to :3: racist, demagoglc and onw-th _ "contacts" - and ould make, but that would be the best gt meacopysowecouldsend f time. I said I was sure that on - m the issue oi the You So- most campuses we would be able ciolist that contained his ter- to get broader sponsorship man view. He also spoke abou The the YSA tor his speeches, and he 1 said he dig: care how broad or I how narrow the sponsorship lst He may end at the would be. MALCOM X: RECOLLECTIONS or A VISIT THEM ILITANT PAGE 3 conw.

2.-v.-=3;

1 . VJ

View 0! lnmerll-l1gg______lvfzleuhn also spoke at some length about imperialism, along what Marxists might call Luxem- burgian lines -- how the West is in a real bind because the colonial 1-evolution is cutting o place: where imperialism can expand, I felt completely at ease with Malcolm throughout this discus- sion,_wh1ch lasted quite a while at his initiative. He grew quite excited at the thought oi his A!- rican youth contacts getting the we Young Socialist interview and at the possibility or my meeting them. I had no sense of tak.tng" his valuable time -- he was giving it vollmtarily, and not out oi mere politeness. ' It is inconceivable that he would be like that with a liberal. There - would be no cornmonpoints 0;! de- parture, no common projects oi any kind, tor him to discuss with a liberal who felt, as Warren did, that he was accomplishing his mission when he got Malcolm to adm.it that he didn't "see in the American system the pO Of sTEIf-1'Eg'enerati0n."

1,_ I3 r?§ 723:; Q

'1! K _ U-19 Rev. |-25-55!

Bl Tolson DeL0

' -3:: J';_-4': ! -bl . Meg .'-Q .'~' w1'L '~"1.~f%1 Casper ____i_ DI, Ccrilcihn i._.__ '-.~'r"'--'_ Conrad i__._ _ r Felt Gale Rosen Sullivan i Tcrvel l V Trotter i Tele. Room i .-1 Holmes i Gcmdy _._.i._.-.. Marcher! proceedalong 125thSt. inmemorial Erzxvs mi» bv Maleolgto Ed ElamQ A Yearlater, Qnly75 W ~.~e.- In Parade for Ma colmX Q ByWlLLIAM RICE .. Malcolm X,who, asfiery prime minister of the white- hating"BiEl'c"Muslims,throngs drew toHarlem streetcor- ners withhis racisttirades, wasalmost alonein deathyes- terday. - '* i fl Instead o£_t11e expected thousands, only 75 persons joined in a parade honoring the man who was born Malcolm Little and died in a rain of bullets under the name of El Hajki El Sha-bass. sect are on trial for his death in It was, as he said of the assassination of President Kennedy, a Supreme Court. | case of chickens coming home Memorial March /00, 39922 /-At to roost. Leaders of yesterday's march,1 . His 0"] Rem ark billed la a solemn memorial Le. ' 5'51- march to commemorate the first | 'l"92-..01?»- .*"- lt was that remark, many be- anniversary 01'the death of El ; 1'1 -. " lieve, that led to Malcolm: own HajiMa1ik El Shabasz, had listed i L oi. F! T ' it-er assassination as he was about to a-bout 25organisations in support address his following a ear ago 4of the procession. Among them, today inthe Audubongallroom. they said were the NAACP, The 92tc.1sh1nq.E_|-|__l392:_;.:~tii Times Herald .=._ Elijah Muhammad, head0! the 92CORE, the Urban League and Muslim group, suspended him for Haryou-Act. 92 The Washington Daily News _i making it and, after a ban of The march began at 110th St. several months, he formed his land Lenox Ave. and, with several The Evening Star __.._.._..._____...... own black nationalist group. white-robed members of the Yo- New York Herold 'l"1-Ibune_i Malcolm eventually modified his anti-white views and gained ruba Temple, a voodoo sect, in the New York Journal-Amerlcun___._.._. vanguard continued through the the hatred of the Black Muslims. streets oi Harlem to the Audu- New YorkDaily Newsan bon Ballroom, Broadway and New York Post i 166th St., in Washington Heighh. The New York Times i._._,_ After a brie! rally outside the I ballroomto which they were The Baltimore Sun T denied entr-ancethe little {soup 'Ibree_HlB!l-assertedly 0f'_l'l!IE"Ipli£up. __-l.____,.92 The Worker _ The New Leader i._.__.....___.._ 54 25,1986FEB illl" The Wall Street Journal .._,_,______The Nulioncrl Cibserver .,,_,,______,..i !I People-s Worl Date . ll-l... K-5

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., .--1.___ -- -.1.- I9 nu. I-2s-66! .92 "Fol son 1 _ e-_.- . %§!I;.ooch _ .-'-s- _. C.s r 2 Collchon D e. . Conrad _..i ~.¢-.....--u l-. -. ._ b1E, Felt! .8, _ 'By RasaGust-aitia _ e "is 92 Gole Flosen ' orrru new 1'1-one sun ______r ______who ml hon ==w=d as 1 Unly a Handful in Harlem Parade solemn march to comma Sullivan _~.4 Tovel Z g,§§§§;b§a§ Note Armiversary of His Death Trotter lonely procession yesterday. Tele. Room i A year ago. 22.000 mourners had welkcd ii-st the bier of the militant Black Nationalist Bayer. 22: Thomas 15X John- members trom Temnle Yoruba who had come to represent son. 30. and Norman 3! But- Joined in. One beat a cere- Negro anger and growln: ler, 26. _ monial drum. one carried a racial pride to H1811! in this Some oi the shivering. rllle, symbol or Ozun, the country and abroad. But yes- bundled-up people who cath- voodoo 80d d war. Baba terday. in the midst oi the ered in 13-degree weethn on Osergeman. the chief priest. trial of his alleged killers, not carried a sword and an iru the corner oi 110th St. and even 100 iriends and admirers Leno: Avenue at 10 a. m. yea- kere. an ox-tall stick sym- came to honor his memory. bolinm Obatala. the sod oi terday had learned about the peace. Others held a white As they marched to the march for the Prince oi our beat of an Airican drum, be- paraool with gold tasels. black captive non-sel.izovern- Up Leno: Ave. they marched. hind voodoo priests in white in; people" from leaets dis- wind-whipped garment.-:1. the past the Bethe] Gospel. Penta- 51¢. ltributed outside the oostal Assembly-inoqe1it1tz's streets oi Harlem were de- room last week. » O-19 lev. 11-10-6 5!

Tolson Ce-Looch Mohr Casper . ;y.. -er; 92 Collohon . 9-} /Poues oweTESTIMONY A '_____... _____92 F...Conrad Malcolm X ur er Trial iiliii» .' *3 Gale ii___,____ 4'. ;- I .1 By Herman Porter ,_ NEW YORK, Feb. 15 A series Md 01 detectives and technical wit- r _ -7E,¥%YI~i 92 three types mentioned above, three .1 nesses have testied during the .32 caliber bullets were found near Tove]i___._i J- pastweekinthetrial otthethree A SlateN.Y. Me rial. the ballroom otce door. t men accused oi murdering _Ma1- On_themorningotFeb. 9 the colm X. The most important piece - ForMalcolug 1 Trotter ______.____.___. second se'cret""witness of the of evidence to emerge from all this n-iaigavehistut1mo'ny.Tnecourt' " testimony is the identification of 1 " A memorial meeting for 92 was cleared oi spectators and re- a ngerprint or Talmadge Hayes, Malcolmxwlllheheldon Wick , the first anniversary of his porters before he appeared. Re- v also known as"1homas Hagan,one portedly this witness is an FBI at the defendants, on a crude ; death, Monday evening, Feb- Tele.Roomii device set aame in the Audubon agent_.who wasgiven the .45 cali- } ruary21, from1 to 1u p.m.. at ber autornatlc that I-layer is al- Ballroom at the time_ot the shoot- r.s. 115, 178 w. 1:501 st. il. ' leged to have used by the rst Holmes between Seventh and Lemon "secret" witness." Roland B. Wallace, a 38-year- Avenues! in New York City. old member ot the Organization According to reliable sources the Candy oi ..L'c-A.:nericar~.Unity, test-i_1'iedThe meeting will be under rst secret"witness testified on ii on Feb. 10 that he had just re- the auspices of the Malcolm Feb. 3 that he picked up the .45 entered the ballroom at the rear X Memorial Committee, cle at the Audubon ballroom and when shots rang out. Th his Sylvater Leaks, 410 110 ; turned it over to the FBL. He attention was attracted to a burn- St. Thesponsors the of eom-it identied Norman X! Butler and at least one of the two other ing smoke bomb. It was near a mittee include such figures defendants. ' - ' window at the rear on the right ls James Baldwin, Ossle side facing the stage. Someone Davis, andIolm Lewis. 92 Detective Ferdinand Cavallaro, poured water on it and put it out. ll who was originally in charge oi Detective John J- Keeley testi- the investigation, was questioned .1 ed that .he found the wet device, at length about a list of 119 from the left thumb oi I-layer were a man.-s sock stued with matcha names oi the people questioned and other material, later in the one and the same. concerning the case when he testi- 1 Dr. Milton Helpern, the citys E aiteo-in of Feb. 21, 3065 near ed on Feb. 9. where Wallace had seen it. He chief medical examine, took. the During his cross-examination lr turned it over to Detective Ed- stand the same day and described the raulis oi the autopsy he had by Hayers attorney, Cavallaro -.- ward Meagher who examined it mentioned that Reuben Francis, tor nger prints and other evi- per-Iormed on the body Of Mll- who was indicted for shooting I deuce. colm X. The cause 01 death was . multiple gunshot and b ullet Hayer but later disappeared, had Meagher took the witness stand been rear:-ested_0n Feb. 2, 1966 next and said he found a usable wounds in the chest, heart and aorta, he said. Malcolm X was hit in Assistant District Attorney ngerprint on a piece of 1mravel- Dermod3"s otce. _ _ by eight shotgun slugs and nine . ledlmthatwesinthesock.bullets trom .45 caliber and 9 mm A spokesman for the district at- guns. The evidence indicated he torney's oficesaid that Francis was hit by the shotgun slug: had been picked up by the FBI. 1,. ., Hefound usableno fingerprints _-95 on the shotgun or .45 caliber auto- while standing and by bullets nm He had forteited $10,000 bail; and .=..-"matic that have been entered into the other weapons while prone. was now being held on $25,000 bail. A spokesman for the FBI £_:._#'evidence thus far in the On Feb, 14 Detective James A. denied any .Lr92.o=.=.rledge oi 1"? Detective Robert Meyer testi- Scaringe, a ballistics expert, de ~; . The number 0! spectators at the fied on Feb, 11 that the finger scribed a great many slugs and ion Post and shells found at the scene of the trial has dwindled over the weeks. print on"'ielm andone ta!eh""§sassinat1on.Aside from __t_Qs__§pectators still being sub_iect-are eroldk Times ed. to the practice of be1ng,_-.:|.slsedi011 Dally News 92r ' "_ " ' H. tL each time theyenter the We Star5"" 5 __ __ raid Tribune /p 6 '3 / J The The Wall LeaderNewurncl-American JoumqlStreet __ ""' ""'__"""""'- The Nlioncxl dbgeryprily News L'."r'. 92 , --t. - s L91 FEB

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4 Gale Hosen vnailcnlorluui Sullivan ii . =~@ Tavel Trotter _...... i building the marchers huddled Tele. Room i 1-1*? in the cold while Jthmadu -_-I MALGOLMS DEATH Holmes i $1! Wachuku, one or the organizers. Gandy in -e 4 92 _ , 92. | read o resolution asking the group to "strive until we -are They Walk to Where He Wee indisputablfr iree of the white Slain 8. Year Ago Today I man: yoke. He also declared a "perm|.nenJ: ad refused the group: app}ica- orange turban an? 5 nrging boycott aw the AudubonLion to hire the hall. green-checked ca _ -e-no Ballroom, . 5; managemt The ballroom manager said Arise you mighty, captive, A solnlrrnzu march" in memory ater the hall had been rented non-sell-governing nation," she of Maléo "X drew 75 followers o other groups for yesterday shouted, "because you can move of m black national-' fternoon and evening. "We mountains it you She .v ls; leader into the bitter cold, on't boycott anybody," he closed her speech with the c deserted street; or Harlem ded. or "U'huru," the Swahili word yesterday. The brief rally ended with 9, for freedom, and many in theE Organizers of the "commun- speech by Queen Mother Moore, crowd answered with upraised .. an ample woman dressed in an fists. u-..__; oration day had hoped to at-l , in tract at least 500 paraders and had claimed the support of such, il civil rights groups as the Na- tional Association for the, .1 Advancement of Colored People, the Congress on Racial Equal-f ity and the Urban League. 5 As one bearded marcher explained, however, those who showed up were f';|ust people,- .-j § n°$ FWP5-n ' I ; '1? Malcolm was she: on Sunday O - afternoon, Feh.- 21, 1965, as he <- was preparing to address 400 2 followers in the Audubon Ball-I -1. room, Broadway and 166th; -cl Street. Three men accused 0!. my thesiayingareontrlnluithei The wqshmqton Post and _.._.i...... _ Criminal Term of Supreme" Times Herald Court here. _ Q The Washlnqton Daily News _,i_ 1' The Ever-lnq Star L. The marchers set of! at 11:30 E New York Herald Tribune __._._.,i_ AM. from LEIIOX Avenue Mr ' 110th Street, moving qrnetl New York Journal-American i three abrust behind a yellow- New York Dolly News ______rnnged red, yellow and green= ag. -A. drummer wearing 1 New blaekleather cap and high black 4 York Post boots beat a slow cadence. The The New York marchers reached the Audubon a -'1 The Bdlnmore Sun Bi-?I=IHna.td2:45. "'"? 92 _*j- Outside the dingy, two-storyi The Worker _ C NOT P.F""»'>F-DB9The New Leader 191 res 241966 The Wall Street Journ:1l__i_ o-19 Rev-

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'2-. 1-1 r -~ Tire-uoworihemanwtaigtd 2 Malcolm! ,3..- r _ and the police called Mal m _ittle and his <"*'*- family calledMaiik ShabaETv'5?awitness last " weekatihetrialofieireeyotmgmmthe Sullivan _ _.._...... " statesayemurderedhlm. . Tcvel _._...... __i or. She turned out to be 3 monument oi august Trotter _ ° *' simplicity, one White strand of pearls on the . -5 Tele. Room _i neck, the rut All black. - Holmes ' Malcolm X lived in the most ragged social :>.-J. _> setting known to Americans; yet he willed him- Gundy _._._...ii " self to be e greet {oreign prince.How oddto be reminded that. nomatter where they are born or how they live, kings end up marrying queens. Betty Shaba::r.. she said to le stenographer. S,like Sam. h, a. b, like boy, 1|, b, a, z, like zebra, z." "Boy." the little nicknameswhite peopleused tocl Negros before history made us sell-conscious; there is irony in every word spoken by ,92 1 queen in exile. She had gone to the Audubon Ballroom, she told Assistant 1 -'I District Attorney Dermody. with "my four babies" last Feb. 21 '__.|- -. to aitinlboxat herhusband's meeting.last - -.,.1 . .,- .'92- vi She had watched her husband come to the stage and give lite mammary greeting and then e man stood up on the iei: hand and said something "in a loud and demanding voice." Her husband had said everything would be all right, and then there wasa shot and chair:falling andpeople mnning. 92 I I My1red babiesEw E started mmebwwmmuii c ' and I was 'puzhed to uiet them. The than-nude:I 1 bench. I covered the bench with my body. One of them cried out theycouldn't breatheor see.I turnedto helpquiet themand then lookedI towardthe stageand couldn'tI my husband." see As I presence she was magnificem; ls a witness, she was of very little use evena queen, with thecharge offour little girls, can beasked toobserve verylittle else. - F ton: behind thedistrict attorneyher look seemed fixed, brooding. withoutanger or hatred. Shewas lookingat the defendants: and one oi their counsel who bore its frontal force talked aboutthat lookas thoit had been e ame. The Washington P05! and ...... _i It was the terrible force of the assumptionwithout mud:chance 92 Times Herald - 4 of knowledgethat these were the murderers oiher husband.And Q these three young men at looking straight ahead, under the The WashingtonDaily Newsgq r The Evening Std! ,r1 shadowofacursethatmighthavebeenetbocuandyearsold -;. New Ygrb; Herald Tribune Z__..-_- ff New York Journal-Amer:cun_i_ New ark Daily News _____i_ b W8that -impereonillnd_devoidanyof, sign of -.3 York Post Times 51-i '.r_i-And rm,departmg. stoppedshe neeby theddendants nil The New York fiilll liar arln PR4 I-n.|-rune Hunnnnllin-I IL n--4.;--1 M -I and _ -_. ._ Thg BCliill'i'iO929e sl-In --.-w- um mun. nu-u nuvrra new IIIULAIGI nu92||.uB¬u_ Glllil-IBul III 92 . |192YO| I 'IT-. . y .. ;.- H 92 1_. _. J. thoughtshewusabouttcstrikeihem,n192dtomeoiuathata'lT9wasoulyabouttoremonstretewiththem. y A court atteridant tookher elbow."Let go or my arm, she said. The Work er ._._._-..--i---- She had begun at last to cry. "They killed my husband." Her_ The New Leader i_...... _.._._i they sounded as if she weretalking abouteverybody. Andthan The Wc1I1Streel Journal _._...i Ibo wasgone. andJudge Marksinstructed thejury to disregard The Nc!lionu1dbse~rvPr i her nal scene. hgiuddoubtednnyuglurnr thatthlnevent oouvlgthis of sizeinto People's World_____...... i-1 M w=u enl o=i~:i=:.»f crimi case. at m "Wt abo ' Dole - -Q.-1'--l-'-15'5" 1'. v g _r, .- -- rite .-it 241$ xlxour Hf FD-I-I55 Rev. 7-lo-53! fu- :w t i;.:92._____

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¢ In Ma|co|mK||||ng . 92 _.V. The Malcolzrn X trill, in rived home around noon and . Indicate p==I§§Tr}§=me0! wbidh t of the remained at home for the rest 1 newspaper, city and ltnte.! Black Muslim movement are of the day. Malcolm X, who 1 New York World accused oi assasslnating the detected from the Black Mun- Telegram black nationalist leader, be-92hm: to set up a rival group, gins its eighth week on Mon-;was slain around 3 p.m. Pa Eh 92 day. 92 3 When asked by prosecutor Ystenday the wife of one of Vincent J. Dermody how she the defendanm, Nommn 3X could be sure of the time of - ti - ~; Butler, testifiedthat her hus-ther husband: arrival, she band wasat home in theirsaid: "My husband is being 3: Bronx apartzuent on the daytried Ior murder. That's I92I-by e shotgun slaying took place. remember thetime tha.t,r-day." :i a Harlem ballroom. 1 Other witnesses have placed Mrs. Butler, mother of Iowa}her husband at the some oi 92 hildren, laid her husband or-. the killing.

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_ I .:_.'i. Wonesin Harlem -_ j~:",¬$;.i .1?-v-r~ ,, . Onlye year ago theBlack Muslimswere inthe -;>.-.1 .4 headlines, majorg concernof whitesancl manyNe- tr bra groes alike. What lull happeriecl tothe Nation.of 5'-. _- Islam? What effect licl the slaying of Malcolm X have on it? How does world heotyweigltt champion Muhammad Ali Cassius Clay!figure in Black Mus- lim plane? F or the answers, LeslieWhitten visited Black Muslimceritera inkey cities,talked tomember: of the sect andtheir opponents,had an exclusive iazerariew withElijah llluhamn-..er.T,leader ofthe Mae- l lims. Tliie it the first article of a aeria. > _ itin- By LESLIE H. WRITTEN Hearst Headline Service Exclusiveto The lowruol-American /0'0-3??3-»1_/-/7" I REMEMBERMALCOLM. _ NOT RFTORDEB You hear it that way every time you mention the Muslims in Harlem. The ganglmg. reddish- 191 MAR :3 1966 hairea man with the thick glasses made necessary ____Th° Wqsalaaéaaplibvrd_--._.-._ by too much prisonreading is aiolk hero there, Times Herald I even though he has only been dead a year. I remember Malcolm, too. Arguing ciiilliile jkxnucr HEADQUARTERS in Harlem, execu- I u_r1t.h"1I§"'_§h01'tl3 before the mes march on tivesecretary Eric C. Swaby, who Tiéw Him as Washington, he waved a hand toward the Justice "Big Red before Malcolm turned from crime to Department and said: , the Black Muslims, spoke leclingly: The Negroes have been sugared to death by, I I-tLs.mt,at all that he was just bill;-ht,&n,t he civil rights. When the sugar gets bitter in their- 5 mouths, thcy1l taste it our way." 15}$°.i§ia=§%rt§fdi2i1i=§¬t$§il¬ tilt wl..i 'e~= Behind his articulate slleech was a dash of? nee:-_-rr-ee'|-..ne 1.e'a.e e ierce: his perm!-ai.'§§'Z""" contempt. It was there whenever I heard him talk- Black Muslims generally keep apart £1-om Civil ~o ' ing to white men he didn't know. And because he Rights demonstrations, but Swaby told how Mal- .92';=.__was so intelligent, it hurt. - * colm had gone to the rally in Foley Square for ~-' we A FEW MONTHS after that interview, Malcolm,four Little Negro girls killed in an Alabama Sunday £1 characteristically outspoken, called President school bombing. g Kennedy's death s case oi chickens coming home 'He was beginning to change. His diagnosis 4 to roost. He was capable of even greater enor- 5 mities. ' was always letter perfect, but his cure wasn't right. Swabys intent lace broke up into a smile: 4 Allegedly because of that statement, but more ;' = "I wouldnt have been surprised if in another 0 ably because he was gaining tw much power? 1 year I could have gotten a membership in the L he family-bond Black Muslim movement, Elijah ' Muhammad, the sects leader, silenced him. I NAACP! out of him. ".' His mosque was taken away and he began i Another Harlem friend of Malcolm was Dr. ,.._ 1; brooding over assassination. When it came in the, Josef Ben-Johanan, a leader oi the African Nation- -2 crowded leevdre nan, two men identified by police. alists in America Ir1c.one oi the last-spreading 1 1' F as Black Muslims were among those accused of, black nationalist groups. The Ethiopia-born Ben- killing him. i Johanan said: = . Malcolm's 38 years are chronicled superbly in The Autobiography of Malcolm X," written with § To the black woman, he represented the hus- Alex Haley. It says everything that needs saying lband that she wanted, hut perhaps does not have- Iabout why a poverty-stricken but super-bright lia man who could speak up for race in the face Negro turns to the bizarre Muslim creed. of oppression by the whites. But this story is more about what Malcolm left J Malcolm made a. pilgrimage to Mecca to em- behind, and in terms of material things, he didn't ibrace traditional Moslem belieis,'and when he re- .7 ii; leave behind much. .4 _'_;- T_Tn!i!se many of the Muslim leaders, he never. :turned. said Ben-Johanan, "he was a different man. made any money trom the religion he served and Since he has died, you cannot feel strength in the recruited for during almost a decade. Friends have 1Mus1ims." - '5started a fund to help his wife, Betty, keep the family together. And in terms or doctrine and or- ; g ALEXANDER J. ALLEN, now East coast head of . . _§I ganizations, Maloolms legacy is equally bare. ' I I the Urban League, agreed that M:-1lcolms anal- I_'_ -_92 reysis-or much of it-was sound, but his solutions .:-:3 A Theaded THE HOTEL by Malcolm's THERESA half-sister in Harlem, in the Boston,OAAU, ifor me made no sense. I think black chauvlnism is Ella mmm a meeting IIOB-ti!-B§,t3.iIl. just as bad as white chauvinism." On the door are signs saying it can be gented for 1 The ferocity of the criticism from his erstwhile colleagues in the Black Muslim movement is itself 1 $1.25 a¥1lT>&'£s a rehearsal hall. 11 it has 150 dedi-_ -4- gevidence of the power of lvlalcolnfs i:nage.' Eliiah catedmembers, that would surprise Negro leaders. [Muhammad writes in his book, Message to the 5:-1 The Muslim Mosque Inc, which Malcolm founded -.-ls . lBlack Manz" - f . to unify American Muslims-real Muslims-has col- i -"ran chief hypocrite mu 1 group with lapsed. . ' _ build a mosque in opposition to me and f Qn west lleth street, Mehe.m.=ned Mosque with all types oi wickedness and disbelleve. -0 himself. Number Seven, where he had so orten praised Eli- jah, is a charred shell, with a clutter of newspapers J T e Muslim paper, Muhammad S eaks which and beer cans inside its jaiiirned front door. ironicl}lT.lTw!s set un by Malcolm, follows El same When Malcolm was murdered, someone set it ailre and on the winter My I visited it, the bu_i1d- ing was silent as Malcolm's own dead lips. In Harlem and elsewhere, I spoke with men who remainshad aknown symbol Malcolm. for the They-explained beaten-downNegro W113 he in many cities, despite, even because oi; his violent, I sardonuai--a-nil-white tirades. a_.-.n--0' "

¢ I" l ._L. line with a storyi Malcoims DoomDecreedby God, R'E|"t'".'T!'Messenger Eliiah Muhamma:W"'IT: v " 1'"? 0 jab, in commenting on Malcolm's death,said:" g -=,I ~ », ».;1:'_<;==.'f- "'.._--92';'--I Us-1¢__ _, 3;:-oi-U.7311-=='" / *1 4-. ' :__:;:=-,1_;}:~;:;::~_;;,; -i 1, , :,-=-=- ~¢e-,i--_~_..,__» _ ,_ , 4-};- "I didn'tharm Malcolm . . . his 1001181! idlthlll ?§=§=3"3?,!~92*.:.:"§5l?'E=§'- J .:-.T""-":"- Z V k*.%5-st-1::3I~.~ brought him to his own end. " . ;=-==='- :1/;r"="t;¢9:1 =11,e 1-'='=1-If _,,,,.<;l'<»'-w: I_.§I_ ;TfQ'j,.";I;5_:'_5_=-_ :'- - =--=" i is-$9.3-"»>. .' , '" - - -" ax- -.~.f?;-=*,=¢??**~i.=.@=-:&;f>y=~*of Vt =,,.=..4,,. e - ~ . it-I"==~"» . - BUTMALCOLM GAVE asgood as he got.- 1 3...~~ ' ' _.-===-. _ ,_ ._ __, . W . __:;;;_-:1 s -V _ . __ _ Religious takerywas hisdescription oiEli- : , -6" - _ , t , jahs teachings after he broke with his aging mas- 1 - ,3-.._ . I -we-'~pk. -,_ W P *2-.»I "' - ter. Malcolm'sway was strong words. He expressed ~"--~*.=-_- "-1-x-:"'_: -.'-8;-'---.-' ' ._:_T;:l> "'1';- -t,- - 2 ;4"=¥*' -,-='==-*1 . pleasure publiclywhen an air crash inParis lulled I -4' .~-._ _ ;;_. 1 =:-_;__."_1'-i=.:, __ =.s.-1 - I many of Atlanta'smost prominent citizens, tor 4'1?->li1.-,~.- :-*==>;==:» -.r~ - -<"- . .5".i 1- 1- .-._:-5 example. ' i ~.» ' -- - '92!92K ' 1*-ui o >1-y - v, *3 -< -. _ 1', - '-~.--Q ,._= 1 '-.e, -" ' .-~? I .~_._>.e-9' '1'» "*9 14;.A. - , -: .1 4; In Los Angeles, Chicago, Washington, New 1 _, __ -:5-6.-.. __'_=f_=Q3,!,_>,§e,_;_-:.j__1-£____,.z j-I____;_.~;#_ Yorl:where'verspoke I with Neg'ro-and white- i " " _;1 leaders I heard, at worst, grudging respect for him. -II. ;92_.;,_ 1 » " ' -, "33:_,,:92. *-.-=;:-;.3.I-4151'-,=2',E7,_,-" .5-,=_ -t - 7%! to have just talked to him one time man to man. , -e- 1 - V, 1-,, -;":__-' - -».-,e, 3 u' _._.-i-;'_':-,..e"f'_£F.1$;§¢-§';_:' -P: -~__'.-*-'- ~2§.. -- :;.i t. ""..""--.'.-:'__;~ ¢-,-".,.- '3| _., -1, Y1 *.:>L VA,» -a J 4:-t Malcolm was often wrong. His belief that King ~.-1:-¢=.-.~*.-7:.; »..,f'¢4,;f-,,'5'._:_;<>.1r~,-*I_.11,-'.-4_r,%_-I~ " Jameswrote Shakespeare seems siiiy. His breath- -1-_.--i- i er» -'A"':i-"1-=-e~~*-d--e3:~*i -1545,. -we -<'--~-r.-,».~.- . iv S =2-=. '!§"'*-_ Q s'- 1 - -'-1.4: rm , w 2;.-'~'=F_-,~"-.1».-1-_ 1 --s-» F less praise of Ghana'sdictator, Nkrumah, who has - at--pp,-F . - 1- .5, '_;-r _-.-.F1!. _iJi"t:. ,,--:.. _.'+. Q.-I_> '+ _ 1. .; _~;-,.-,,. , . *' t,:~'§E_j__ ~ ; ~-. g -ii; "-- *-¥"=_--".-'3~:- a.r~:E-:1.-=.'ir+=éY -".¢I<-§3~;<<§-.~£>if'-t:-we _. t. --i done his share oi hunting down Negroes, is embar- r=-'=$i11s- t I .5 > 'IN sréX"rs inan am dve.funeIa1-zdor. The Malcolm I remember rinzs through in his | Pllll autobiography: g "I'm tellingit like it is! You never have to worry about me biting my tongue ii something I know as truth is on my mind. Raw, naked "truth i exchanged between the black man and the white r . :'=man is what a whole lot more oi is needed in this I ,;+ c0unt='*--v. . a _r .----.

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- '1., . Tavel iii Trotter .._.___.___ Tele. Room A

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h UPI-151 KALCOLM X! YORK--TALHADGE HATER 2k TOOK THE WITNESS STAND AT HIS FIRST 1 UPPER "i YRIHL iSSiS§Ii~ii921u2iu I" "*EHiIT&* of EH1!1"A¥_§9HBI-!9"P5Y_5SD¬9HEE§§§BBLACK NATIONALIST LEADER l"l_LC_Qh_;1_. T THE TRUTH TO BE KNOWN THAT I TOOK PART IN U AT AFPENED R BALLROOH.¢¢BUTLER AND JOHNSON HAD NOTHING TO DO EITH A S CRIME HAYER SAID WHEN HE TOOK THE STAND TO TESTIF I40 M IN THE SEVEN-WEEK OLD MURDER TRIAL BAYER ALONG U1 AS ss sLAY1n&. rte. 21, '2/2s--vnaserzs '

a *4 4 =- x'Jonuson so, AND nonnnu ax BUTLER, 51, WERE ACCUSED r O

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_ ?=5' -2"la- -l= .__j..<,t ' 2 . 4 Deiendont Trioot ' £7 -t _ 1-.- u_|.../i...0v 5 L' n | Jluy i. NEW YORK AI-!In s dramatic courtroomconiession, ff Talmadge Hayer said yesterday he era one oi me assassinsot .-:e<-:-1»;-2;=»2a=:1:~ra-:+..;s:--. .,-. , - black nationalist leader Mal- ---1-.EI;.1liI.,7:f:5¢"~3E""3$>I13*5¬.$I."?1?3'1".1.-"I1$3 $:i:?';'»:§'§>_:f'i:f7.':1:P§1t$:?:¥k"-'?:1, i.--.'c -' w=- F5 i colm X 51;é. V it-:'.'F=E=_.é5i§I~§',;:§E§E?.~, 155515-P-f=:-I-:£§E:_§.1§;;-'-Y an _ --1:1 l~ ,.d- -:6 He declared that his co-de- E,»-=-===: -=:r-~.-.=.=_._.=..==-:===..~=~...=.=»=e§ -===:=~-1-=I g P rosecution has P roduced more '-.0 I.-fendantsNorman SK Butler 92 and Thomas 15X Johnscn I " ' '1'" '?=:I:-i,-1.?-;::g.~' _. ..;.,'evidenceagainst Butler or Johnson.Hayer against than] had nothing to do with it." - .- = 4. '21 . =1 2' '-1*.-:-2 hyer, who swore on the Hayer, 24,testified that he had F?!_. ff witness stand last Wednesday three accomplices, but he re- J ~ J that he was innocent, returned fused to name them. He said the H - to the stand after an out-of-court killers were hired. But he re- 2: .. " z. .l;.§:i;¥';~:;conference with his co-defend- -1 I-16.? fused to say who hired them or -_ '_:-.'-'-:- . ::;j;.r5;:;;5;;.»- t_"_;:9292q_t-:3ants. " why, or how much money was g; . A . . . J :.:-::'.:;-:"He told Justice Charles Marks .92involved. and the jury that he wantedto Hayer, who made his confes- I-I-I-'-92.:=-=:s;r.'..92221.1". -.s- -. .. 5-5;-.-.,.5;5;' . l ,:5;=-.1.-=:=-w-.:=-;.:- tell -':-; the truth." - sion during the defense presen- .;;5;5.;.;;;=-5.;:=;--_ ,;=-=:5;j-=:';=;-j;5:I:, I-=:;. 3.5:;-., _.;:-=,-.;:t_ ;r:;.;.-Hayer who had said first tation, faced continued cross- gtg-¢:;: ,1:-;-:~.;:a::~3;-:-j;-;::=:;;..,,jj-.;.,._.;;;@;;>j-¢§;_.§g=*!.";3 92c-'99:;-'-:;§:_:;:;:. -<:-;-.-.-:_:---t-:;:;>.;:-23;:-;:-:;:;: 3:;-:_:-:-.-.;;:-- Y .f: ;;;;:j' ;:;:;;-. "g.-r1.j-:;:=:---:55?I:-I-1 r.-.-I--in cs-'~. -I that he had four accomplices - a e1a.m.i.nation today. and then said later there were . Hayer said no one involved in TALMADGE BAYER three - testified that he fired a the murder was .45-caliber automatic at lviaicoimi the Black Muslims. son, 30,allNegroes,areontriali about four times" after he had been felled by the shotgun blast Cisller i__.i First-Degree Charge in State Supreme Court on Hayer said the man who fired Collohon i.._._ The prowcution contends that first-degree murder charges. C. the shotgtm was a husky, Conrad all three defendant: were active They are accused oi shooting dark-skinned Negro who wore a members of the sect, ofwhich Malcolm as he addressed 400 heard." -Jolmon is !i,;I'ht-=..___...l1"?=1'92~=~:.l,Felt Malcolm oncewas a bop leader. followers in a Manhattan ball- slender and clean-shaven. He broke with the Muslims and Gale founded his own black national- room Feb. 21, 1965.The prosecu- Marked for Death tion charges that Johnson red a ist movement-in-L964. Hayer had been recalled to the shotgun blast into Malcolms Fiosenmi Hayes-, Butler,B, and John- witness stand by Butler'slaw- chest and that Hayer and Butler pumped pistol bullets into him yer, William C. Chance. SullivanL Malcolm, who was the minis- Tovel ._i.__._ ashelayproneonthestage. , ter oi the Black Muslims Trotter _.._....i Swore Innocence Earlier . Mosque No. 7 in Harlem, said many times after his break with Tele. Room i._ Asst. Dist. Atty. Vincent J. the Mdslims that he was marked Dermody indicated in cross- Holmes __.i for death by the black supreme-, *'-; -5 examinationHayerhecy thatofcult Leaders ofthe Muslims Goody L 3;"--~j1i considered suqarisetestimo- denied it. Hayer, whose home was in Paterson, N.J., was woundedin the left thigh by one oi Mal- .5 _. colm's bodyguardsin the hir- ¢/ moil that followed the assassination ln the Aud m 35' ' ny waL.a..dgsperate attempt to the prosecutionsays. "'7 save his co-defendants. The

a or __ Tolson ' Q-19 Flew. I-25-BB! l_.._OClC Y ohr " gjpllef __i._._._._ Callahan Conrad l Felt

b_ Z s l 29?». ' COL?-er- QC n Trotter ___._._."* Tele. Tuvel Roomi -'5; I-1 Holmes _.__..._.___.. its .__=.! i 57¢. GUI'ldY i_. k-J;-i the question, after the lawyers haggled over the number of silver pieces paid for the Biblical ass. Ifstq/linothere-3 *HeIpedSIay X sination. _ The 22-year-old defendant who complices, Norman 31 Butler, 26, scattering of applause from the Judas received 30 pieces of jstunned a Suprame Court juryland Thomas 151 Johnson, 80. spectators. silver to betray Christ to the Monday with his confession of l But Hayer Wouldn't budge from I Hayer answered, No, sir," toauthorities. ""-"-° killingfgack Nationalist leaderMondays confession, insisting Macol stuck stubbornly to 1that he and the other thlee men his_sGry yesterday despite a were hired to commit the crime, l scathing cross-elamination. ;but refusing to identify his ac- l Talmadge Hayer insisted that complicea. he and three other men killed How much money were you Malcolm as he was about to .__ 5. 1 offered? Dermody asked Bayer. apuh in the Audubon Ballroom "I will not say, ,waa the de- on Feb. 21, 1965, but maintained that his two co-defendants were, fendant's calm reply. not among the assassins. Moving closer to the witness stand, Dermody demanded, Was . Won't None Anyone it for 12 pieces of silver? $5!-Il Assistant District Attorney Hayers counsel, Peter L. F. -- 1- Vincent J. Dermody, the prose- Sabbatino, stood up and asked, Ia cutor, suggested that Hyer hsd Pthat the amount in the Bible!" been or ered to onfess the crime Yes, exactly what Judas gay F in_ 'B'lIl'!llt'6"e1eu? his accused ac-Dermody shouted,_h2n§1n¢__ a I

The Washington Post and _i.. Times Herold The Washington Dolly News i The Evening Star ..__o._...____ .'_rF_ New York Herold Tribune ,,_.__._,i L '0' New YOrk Journc:lAmericcrn _.._...._.. "1 New York Daily News _._LL_ »~'-qr New York Post /M~3?z_s'_-1./riNew York Tunes h__ . NOT mronnnn Baltimore Sun 191 MAR 4 was The Worker The New1_euder _ "Z'i1-----Z,_ * The Wall Street Journal The Nulicnol Clbserver People-s World Dale Pu 92 wt. 4 l 92 was 11"IMFb We Tolson Q [Q Rev. 1-25"55i /* .,Del_oc:cMohr W , 92;l°- 51¢. sper Colluhcm Conrad eeiis to Ciear 2 iitiaer Tlefemiants 1 Felt Man on Trial for Malcolm X Murder G?Fio in " Towel Trotter . _Tells Court He Took Part in Crime ii Tole. Room -_-_-- i-_NE92_V Yonx,-res. 2a AP!The trial is in its seventh Butler and Johnson had noth- Tahnadge Hayer_ dramaticallyweek. ing to do with this," he l Holmes He told the court and jury added. "I was there, I 1:-now , confessed in open courtroomI told Buuer ano Johnson today that he participated in F :: '" ':what happened and I irnow | I know they did not have any the people who were there." Gondyi the assassination of 813$ Na-thing to do with this crime- U n cl e r cross-examination tionalist leader Malco . He thatldidtakepartlnitand later, Hayer said he was hired then sought to exo'n'erate two that I know they weren'tto kill Malcolm X. But he de- other men on trial with him lurs nied the person who hired him tor the murder. ;there.IwantedtoteI.l and the court the truth."T112was connected with the Black I-layer, 24, who last Wednes- Hayer was called as a wit- Muslims, as the state contends. , ~ - J day swore under oath that he nesa by William C. Chance, , $ was innocent, told Supreme Butler: attorney, alter con- tore Malcolma crowd wasof shot400 downin the be-. '6,.3- Court Justice Charles Marks lferences among the judge and Audubon Ballroom Feb. 21, and a jury that he now wanted attorneys. - 1965, as he prepared to ad- to tell the truth. 92 Chance asked Hayer, Were dress a gathering of Black Hayer said he did take you alone in this involve- Nationalists. part in the assassination withl ment?" He had formed the Black others, but retused to name No, sir," Hayer answered. Nationalist movement -after his conjederates. "Do you know the names of becoming disenchanted with Hayer said he had 5Doken the others who took part in the Black Muslims and break- with his two code{endants,ithe killing? Chance asked. ing away from them. Before Norman 3X Butler, 26, and Hayer said he knew the men his death, the separatist leader Thomas 5X Johnson, 30, dur- but he would not name them. had 'accused the silrns of - 1t. ,u'1§"" a Iuncheon rr.~ess today."1 just want to testify om;plotting against his lite. J

The Washington Post und

Times Herold The weehinowo Dliv Ne-w= -- 92 The Evernnq Star New YCH'kHerald Tribune New York Journal-American __ New York Dqily News _?_ New fork Post , /4 4 -3 W;-{.2Th New York Times mini.-__ NOT RF!*". !RD@ The Worker 191 MAR o wasin--. The New Leader _.?-._.-_.i?i The Wail Street iournul _,__,..,_.,..,,.._ The Notional Observer +- People's Wfiii _?----i--- Dqge - C iii n .13 "C92R 1* Q-19 Flew. I-25-55' [JD

',meLoochToison ii .. 92 endant Tl tn MalcolmMurder? ' _ 0 ' I tip-_z: "re Feedin " T Ccper I tn; Coiiohcm Zi i. .7 1 @ Conrad Felt "' Gele " _ Rosen I Robert 151! Johnson denied He testied that he re- riel I Lone. testliied yester- under oath Yesterday that he mained in his Bronx apart- day that she couldn'thave Sulliv _ _. had ever been in the Audobon ment. clad in nalamssf until Tuvel Boll:-nnm, whereBlack 6|-evening on the Sunday when arrived before 5 p. m. because tlonellst leader Malcolm X he is alleged to have red a she had worked in Manhattan Trotter Wm assassinated Fe mm1'mw Malcolm. He .-ma until 4:30 p.m. Tele. Room _i he spent the day feeding his Johnson. 30. one of three Johnson will continue un- Holmes -ii men accused of the shot¢un- three children and doing der cross- examination today. and-pistol murder. took the housework while his preinant The other two defendants, Goody ...i--- e witness stand in his own de- wile rested. Talmage Hayer, 24. and Nor- fense on the rst anniversary When his wile, Etta X. man 3X Butler, 27, already ol_ his arrest tor the murder. Destined Wednesday, she said have testied in their own de- The case is being heard by a a woman neighbor had lense. Hayer later returned to Jury of nine men and three brought the news of the assas- the stand to admit he partici- T3 women in the court oi Su- ination to her and her hus- pated in the murder and deny | : .'. 1.!-l--' preme Court Justice Charles bandshortly after 3:30 p. m. that the other two were Ln- 1,1. "1 Mark§ i However. the neighbor. Mu- voived. ' --e-'--"-' -P r h I Ii, _

_. vi -:

The Washington Post and ----- Times Herald The Washington Dolly News _-- The Evening S10! _'W New York Herald Tribune _.L.__ /04 arrzi/~ New York _[ournciI-Am¬ilCdrli New York Dally News __._...... _._._-_ Post hi NewiYorkQW York Times Z -1 The Baltimore 51-"1 ii-i __..,,_,_.--.--_--. The ';.'<_-,r'.rer_...... _....:___--i 1<

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The Wcrhinzjion pi-51 an-3 -._.._ Times Herald The Wushinqton Daily News ___ The Evening Star ' 5'-*1-'-'1 New York Herold Tribune New York ]Ournc|lAmerlCcl New York Daily News _,,o__.. New York Post _____.___....i_..._._ The New York Times _?_._._.- The Baltimore Sun .__i___,.i The Worker _ The New Leader i__.___;. ./av-i1ss69; Y 'i-j___1| rt _ <1 a !92_.l92gt,1l MAR8 1955 9292 ' D-1'3 lFiev. 11-30-6 5!

Tolson DeLoc:ch ___.___._ W Mohr u Casper 1 iIrnmninon £'IIIIt!?1'r 3;";

.1- Hii GAS

Lawyers fo Disregard 92 """'"' I By THO.HAS BU . Lawyers for Thomas 15Xj -Ioiir-son and Nwziiazi EX B-itkr yesterday asked I Supra-ne Court juryn ot to convict the 4 two defcw: of the murder of eunrmmnuuMalco X merely because ur -':?.:°§,",2,,:.,u3.=%.§iZ3,.;" C°"°d ,4 Biaei-;MOf p noting mm em-mmi records an: Fe v Bath V71ushms. Esome instances, or th ¢d- GU19 sumnied up vanc ed age , poor vision ls . Rosen

Chas-ies T Iliamr C.Accused ChanMi whoAsk sertedly defective memory. I fo Johnson. mt Butler, and i Re]|g1o|ugh;rur SLIIILVGI1 iii ectionhad. Beof avers, Musiim who Tsprke es Inciosing',h .5kcd:|,Q'g,ne]i Tovel M andsaid that the Pl s-i tr tried to put e at nine men aid tluee won-ien,9292 Trotter their beliefs oni to rexnember that the Musiimsi were chartered as e religious Wick Ssbbatino, coun- 01'B'8-11-fmtioninNewYork St-I-tl Te_[e_ Hgom adge Hayer, who and that its menbers were en- confessed his tla to the same consider» H91-95 murder from an Feb. 28 or ogews. as Proteshsnis, ria.th-oi'.lcs Gqndy his co-def M1-._ Beavers accused the jury, in the inthe arose:-ntim or aiitempng tqj :- passionedtwn prejudice the jury against . e Q 4 stirs; to disregard the dend-ants by injecting the r- tez-L.F., e of Cassius Clay, the, confession.seifor'Ia.im heavyweight champion, ntol complicity in the the Lriai. Johnson denied- on 92 "There the witness stand P Ia-cl to do cross-examim.-tion on Friday and tried to absolve that he had ever acted as a. ihigh sense endant-'1.asked the b°*5YE'"3-I'd 5°! C13-Y. who took co1nneo£a.ni.m- the name Mohammad All when °1*"....?;.":e-_and a half hour he bee-ems e znrrnber of the Muslims. '- SPBH-kins for Hv-yer. Mr. Sab- asuztorthis baum developed the theory ilerf ! did except a.I that disident members qt the Sabhsno de- Organization ct Airo-Amerb charity, an-. l-11 UH-U-Y. which Malcolm es- 1tablished after his break with .. Le _.__-._,sU18 M1-Islimi. were responsible tor forhismuler. ause he -t movanent is Anathe arch-boss Joe d Mr. Cimnce <=*1'15Piracy." said the ey- 40 hi red, 74-year-old lawyer, 1| 3 hloo V 'ce that rattled the win ' ii I ollthe court room, was Reuben. I r ms '5 Suspemloli Francis.9! I ~ the ja an black suitin C!ha.neg d diet had already tmntoilthej suspensioneclared a.ndvesto£'that Malcolm {rununhuttoned, Mr. duties in ue The Washington P051 and _,__..._ beenpmnshedby |1963, 92 Times Herald pleasure .ssse1%at cult in December, President K ennedy The Washington Dcnly News __,_,,___ yiorexpeaing The Evening Star assa-ssi.m.t.iond New York Herold Tribune .__.._.__ When Maminfm-one wun New York JournuIAmericun _____ the Muslims the loawing New York Daily News ___?__._ March, the at tome-y wenton, New York Post hisdeepvuieerisingtoashouh Ne. M ~§I;Z/Z: ,/6-has 37?}?/"*5 !-l9 Rev. 11-30-G 5! Toison DeLooch

Mohr i.._i_._ MIT HM Ill GI IVHIIL He in-new he was going down. g IIIHDUUIJIII. i]l.i1"l"t92'H buried under I. mountain 0! evi-U Cosper dence, and he tried at the 1 Callahan moment to do the noble 5-"L is-i.-_i CALLED A LESSONth prosecutor stated. T11! f , Conrad ______i_ i p ringing with sardoktic Flt9 -ii. i phasis. " Gale i;1c- Somewhere along the 1111!- P Prgseeutor Charges Killinghgkwent on, "it was Rosen by'whom T cannot so?» U13 "E1. Was Intended as Warrgng i was s dead duck and that he Sullivaniii -Ql67-4 v-_~ -- 92i should take the fail." T1!- M1-_ Dermody. who spoke for 'T'n92:o1 r.-' -'- ByTH was nncnnnt 1'4 hours and ztr minutes. r¢ 1 *1 ed the testimony of the 25 iris 1~;1=_=_~&_w- Fllbl-l-'~-17 =- Trotter ii-..i.;_ sassinated as "an object lesson" Wick to his followers. Assistant Dis- defendants. 1 92. trict Attorney Vincent J. Der- Tele. Room mody declared yesterday. LI-layer. he noted. had been e ptured outside the hall r Holmes _i___ u The prosecutor, sinnmlng 1.rp_with a bullet, assertedly red in the eight-week trial of the "'...... 2.. P | three men accused oil the kill- byguards, in 2:, s i*i°{§§§.e E E KJLIIILIY .,__,_,i_i ing did not however! e.t_t_emgt toffink the murder directly to couiddl; : rt: di-Fpi mee that . 113-d the national leadership 0! the atBe1-lit as tr: his corention that Blrgé: Muslims. had never been athmimbetzi Of I e never said we'd prove eMuslim.s or, or a. rna er. that Elijah Muhamma-d ordered rer been in a Muslim mosque, pc 92- this death," he declared "liave r. Dermody 3.51-ted the jury to been accused of puttln the Black Muslims on trtai. "- sub-'sjudy caretully photograph! mit this is not a fact. L 'at taken,Mosque 0. 3.¬:D;';.lTi§'25tOi n tenmoni.ewar . However," he continu . I showing Hayer taking part LII. a submit that these three defend- karate demonstration. r ants are members of the Black Muslims and that these three de- gs J 11115011, tothe w iiibis 0 were or arses Butler' fendants caused his death." Malcolm broke with the Mus- ¥ gey F5». spent 25 the and afternoon March 3. of ti-1;?th lims, whose best known spokesman he had become, in March. liurder taeir Bronx with theirapartments. familiesM |__d' 1964, d set up the rival Or- ermody said: "Somebody ganize on of Afro-American lying-II Unity Lnd Muslim Mosque, Inc, Fro 1 that time until he was riddled in a pistol-andshot-guni attaci-rwiiiie addressing a meeting of 400 persons at the Audu- bon Ballroom on Feb. 21, 1965. he often stated as a certainty him.that the Muslims would murder Brazennees oi Killing Nd w Mr. Derrnody coutrasteil thel _ ' V e brazenness of the killing with 92 the stealth with which crime is usually carried out sec- retly. guietly. in the dead of The Washington P05! and ___i_____ ff; night." Titties Herald Why was it done in this way? he asked the EurrenierP The Wcishinqiun Daily News _i Cou jury. "There must hovel The Evening Star been reason." Ti? facing the panel of nine: New York Herald Tribune __i men d three women. and un- New York Journal-Americoni oeriihmg his statement with downward thrusts oi his right New York Dolly News hand, the prosecutor 1 5 1966i;:ris=*,ee::f:.d*r;*ts Dole Vii r - /1,1 11i.l'lDGE11L |..m__-._|L § -- I IlJ-.l-lI- Lul-I18, recap:-|-I;-_Q 92 ll, 1-ate gesture." 9292 92' SIC. D-19 Rev. 1-26-55!

92._/ _- '7 . . - . 1/ W 1VI51E'olm Trials- b7 . Callahan i__ BID Dont Believe Conrad Felt COIIlf6SSi0l1'~l/92 Gczle Rosen ' -. .-., By James W. Sullivan -*4.-171'? O! no Basil frihu std! Sullivan 1' . _ _92,_ On Monday, Feb. 28. Tal- Tclvel madge I-layer, 24. took the witness stand in Supreme Trotter 1 Court to tell a Jury oi nine Tele. Room Mi men and three women that Holmes i 41:--. he red bullets from a,I'.I5 icaliber pistol into Malcolm! Gcndy in last yea: in: the .Ku3u5n' Ballroom. Yesterday. seven days later. Peter L F. Sabbatlno, HI-3'81"] , . ,./ attomey. spent three hours L tellint the same Jul? that his no , client was not zuilty. Star in this Jury room until hell freezes over, rather W5 than convict this boy, no matter what he says," Mr. Sabba- 4__ _- tino commanded the jury in the course of his summation. j ix Mr. Sabbatino maintained that Malcolm was the victim oi a vast conspiracy, which in- . I:-_ . Y./ cluded many of those present for the rally at which he was assassinated on Feb. 21, 1965. Among those he charged as being involved in the eon- spiracy were Malcolm! security guards. several prosecu- e tion witnesses and I. 1Jarttime reporter for Radio Station WABC, who was covertna the 1 rally. He. molested that the weight oi rizzed evidence" had persuaded his client to confess and to attempt to ah- solve his two co-defendants The W:lshlnql0n Pest and Norman 3X Butler. 21. and Times Herold Thomas 15X Johnson, both lieutenants in the Black The Washington Dally News i_ Muslims Mosque No. 1'. oi The Evenlnq Star i,i______which Malcolm was minister .'-e ,,_ .- before he was suspended in York Herold Tribune L .. is ll 1963. * |'_',;-' York Journal-Amerlc-<:n_i .-H-L, i Both Charles T. Beavers. at- J New torney Ior Johnson, and W11-/44, ="¢7.="-1/'%York Dally News i__,_, liam C. Chance, attorney for New York Post ____i_____i_ Butler. pointed out incon- Nrrr 'q J-.DED TheNew York Times _____i_ sistencies in the evidenceand 191 MAR 171956 The urled the Jill! to disrelard Baltimore Sun .__ __ implications that the Black The Worker ji______eh h Muslims were responsible tor The Malcolrn's assassination. New Le-cider __.,_,_r____ Assistant District Attome! The Wall Street IC92urnal ______.,__ Vincent J. nerxnoo-y-srlh-rive The Nulioncl Cf'l.Stl92'v?l' !HT'I&'s summation todl!. People's World _ {'61} } E? W / "F/ ' L.-['1 r Fl! UAR 8 E, J 57¢, 54 MAR 1 31935 1 [1 ,, |,_!|_lU 9.19 in". t-26-GB! . _" Tolson _7_ __ .____ Leech __i._ ohr °-3:cQPV_icted.i,'_1 Ln c.ri.i..,."_;"1/

.'. .;;_.;;;.-:;:;.; - _;_ " _ Ql .13 e.1n.today. _ _ __ _ = 3? _._..;;~>==a.=""?. -1'"---2.» 'Ihe case had gone to the jury oi three white women and nine i - men, including three Negroes, 1 -AP lIl .__V_'j on Wednesday afternoon after -7-... an eight-week trial. Norman JX Butler Thomas 15X Johnson Taimadge Hayer rif-. Highlighting those proceed- .1 "K-1 ings was the dramatic court as Hagan, sought to exonerate "I just want to testify that 1 at - ----1.;, room confession of Talmadge the other two defendants, Butler and Johnson had nothing 1-layer, 24, one of the convicted Norman 3X Butler, 2?, and todo with this." 1% 1'-. men. Reversing earlier testimo» Thomas 15X Johnson, 80, both Justice Charles Marks set l _ l_e_;_1 I 1 -_gsii ny in which he had sworn he oi the Bronx. April 14 for sentencing the three was innocent, Hayer admitted He said. he had been hired mentomandatory liie impl'i50n- takingpartinthekilling. But Hayer, of Paterson, N.J.,lMalcolm, with four but other he men refused to kill to ment.Malcolm was felled in a hail indicted under the name 'Ihom- name his contederates, saying, of shotgun and .puenns>e on Feb. 21, 1965, as he angggedl be ore 400 of his followers in a Manhattan ballroom. LTQ The onetime chid lieutenant of Black Muslim leader Elijah Muhammad, he had been suspended for saying the asses-l ci President Kennedy was an example of chickens UUALLI-I.l6 nnnninnA-ll92d'l-Ill!-1 Knew.he Iii l92!92-I3"noun:-O 99 1 After leaving the sect, Mal-* colm, 39,~stated publicly that hel had been marked for death by The Washington Pest on-11 __i the Black Musiims. hut Muham- Times Herald mad and others of the groupa;The Washlnqlon Daily News _, leader: disclaimer! any link to The Evening Slur -' L, In r==1awi1=a- q_,_a.__- '92'-?;_'; Both Butler and Johnson New York Herald Tribune L $- testitied that they were lieuten- New York Journal-AI'rt9ItCG92'! _i._ ants in the Fru:'a. of Islam," New York Daily News ______i 1 the Black Muslim elite guard. af--" At the time out Malcolm: kill- New York Post ___._._.i_i.__ The New York Tame: i,.,..___i er an .£?.'ih;§ m.l The Baltimore Sun iii? Muslimemihu-.The Worker ______,____,__?,____ The New Leader _,__i_i__,i Each testified he was home atThe Wall Street Journal _.___.i The Notional. Clbsewer ___,_i...___ People-'s World __i_¬._._.i- I09 wt?! Dale UM-EDW ;;_-;;~;54m£5//éa/ff W "mu. ¢7'»i» es /+=f4/J|/00 Z123 2__/- /I l-.2;-.7: 11 lava V nor nnconnmn .3; Ii man 241966 £935 _._ .___.. _...,_ r 0-I9 HOV. 1-25-B6}

Face Maximum of Life Imprlsonment " 92 frnlnlliebtenngqg NEW YORK, March 11 mi ..~ dI.Y!All th defendant: i -i. the M§p u -» were Fonvicted of murder i l the The first verdict degree was early returned today.a l2:3'_lT!ll._by the panel o

-t i

3!- =3 Toison ooch _.___._

-- 1? t".'_;' F H i spar nl i Collohon ___..._ i Conrad ._.i_._ '~ 3'F6und Guilty in Malcoku X Muéifa; B"-Felt I Gal

, 1..1: -omen and nine- Butler was = ca~v"o.$ir:tor.'A ' ._.s; is men, three ol them Negroes. number of witnesses testified Wgiflll i...._i, i; Convicted were Talmsdgethat all three were in the ball- Tove! J Hayer, -M. also known as room when Malcolm X was Trotter .__._.____ 9 slain, Thomas Hagan, of Paterson, Tele. Room 3? . All three defendants sat N.J.; Norman 3X Butler, 27, impassively while the verdict Holmes ._....____. L: 2 f 's of the Bronx; and Thomas 15X was read by the jurg foEeE5n, 92Gondy ___.._i Johnson, 30, of the Bronx. George S. Carter. $ The jury received the case Wednesday afternoon st the -1 end of an eight-week trial. The verdict came some 14 1. hours after the jury had begun its second day of deliberations. All three face a maximum sentence of life imprisonment. f ! Judge Charles Marks set April .. b7Q 14 for sentencing. 4' The three were charged with acting in concert to execute Malcolm X, who bolted the Black Muslim sect to lead his own following of black nation- ! ic1'Q_ Johnson and Butler are ¢!.L ='- i;;.:~. -- avowed Muslims but testified H .44 A*§= they were et home with their families on Feb. 21, 1965, when Malcolm X was gunned down in Manhattan's Audu- 0-20 How. 1-28-ll

9° Tolson __._.___ DeLoach -..?._ Mohr _..___._.. Wick --_-i--._ Casper ii Callahan _-in Conrad __.i.. Felt i.i.___ Gale _.....__.__ Hosen .___i._ Sullivan __._i.. Tavel iii _ Trotter

_ _ __ . _,,-.-..4:r-' """" Tele.Fl -2-wit --q- -. A I _ L!_92___oom .__.._ .- . T _O92 l'1U1[Ile5 nu}- Gandy _____._ Niv1?} scwv--rr=z: vzvurzn FEFPE?F or TF5 RPCIET ELF? vzrzrv '55?!UTUS'LI."'F! ¬¬YTEC¬E TCLI=£ 1#PPi§@wriwT TCTAY rc= TF: sL=v:*, C7-'9P?P!A¥!Y ELECYMATICNALIFT LE&:£2*LCCLY-I, . ~ E 1 J JSTICE CFAYLEFvsvvs PANTQQ:90¥NTy; ¥AN*AT§pyiL3t§@fk?§"::¢ ' TPLL GT. ah: -:1;-uT_

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/22. NO? PERORDED r c I 1'15 18196-5APR I / - /"1 7-

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V WASHINGTON CAPITAL NE 4!M: _

WS SERVICE 9-19 Flew. 1-25-66! Tolson De]_,oach git. Moh_r -., Wt: Caisp .---_i- Callahan ii- Conrad Felt Gale Malcolm X S|aye|fs6Get* to .Fiosen Sullivan Yazé .. =.,_!'- i |fe; ourtpls BarriradeclTavel e'_'{,'92-_:L.;-_ I By N ORMg92 ABRAMS Trotter 1- '.< In' a heavily zuarded. ban-ioaded. 11¢}:-from-_ courtroom or the Criminal Courts ulldmt, the three assassms of Malcolm X rmpassrvely heard themselves mandatorilyTele. Room ___.___ Jentenced to hie lmpnsonment eaterd f th ' r - - Holmes Malcolm: widow, Mrs. Betty Gancly Shahazz, slipped into a rear seat s.0 of the spectators benches as 7 _ 51 °}' ¢ §13Y}{1£' of the ery Black l92-atronahst Supreme Court Justice Charles l -__._-=:5;5.=.";:-;--=:;;;- ~- , . _ l Marks passed sentence on Thomas shotgun as the 39-year-old seces- . -:7 +' 15X Johnson, 30, of 932 Bronx sromst from the Black Muslim J'- : . '.I _/ movernent addressed 400 follow- Y -P . , l 1 , ' Park South, Bronx. _, , ers in the Audubon__Ballroom, - e w r err _,~o». I Widow SmilelNo Comment 166th St. and Broadway, on Feb. .- »'-.' I She arrived too late to hear 1, 1965. Al r if--~ ' 92 '- # . sentence pronounced on the other _ 3,: ::;.;:;; .2. _ .;_ H! {%é¢; r Open Fire with Pistols ;.:_=$.' .' 3 two-Talmadge I-Iayer, 24, of 347 92 . -'-=-- . .1» - ". , V -.§_j:_ -'_ Marshall St., Paterson, NJ., and Hayer and Butler then pumped pistol slugs into Malcolm as he '~.n~:@:'1<=*, 1 at Norman 3X Butler, 27, of 661 - .-,1' L i Rosedale Ave., Bronx. _. slumped to the oor. During the trial, Bayer, who 4? < _ :-= ii P x Mrs. Shabazz left hurriedly at rst swore he was blameless, afterward, and with a smile, told returned to the witness stand i ii a reporter, I have no comment." and admitted his part in the kill- 92 W _ .;'j.j- -I J; M11. Johnson and Mrs. Hryer ing but sought to exonerate igni-. ~-e were present when their husbands Johnson and Butler. Z2 were sentenced, but showed no emotion. ' Thethree could be eligible for H r._.; --.92 -if-» J5 psrole after serving 26 years and r ,_ __,. - - .,. 7..-:¢Q The tb.ree~m&re convicted of u-ghrmtnzm. ---- l ~'?.2:-.1- '*s-"*#%'~- first degree murder March 11 .__ , _*. ,._.£i _. '_' 4- after an eight-week trial. All -_.,. ..-,',,_ , ;.,__., _ ;_ 3'3-"i.i' 1 spectators were seamhed before - - 3£'i---?"_' '- ,._-ext, - l .¢ i being admitted to the courtroom ,. 1 ~ =-. - -gr: for the trial, a procedure which | ,_ .23-i§1'T"7~.~.'3.'¢ > '?.F$";!1l¬ 51311. g "".'31§_l-_' 1 i .- was repeated for the sentencing. 5 J Elie prosecution charged thalt e Justice Charles Mark. tvio o nson blasts c from t down a dooMalco Mwit §emlr killer; to prison '

I 0 . I - The W GIshlnqtan Post and _____- "- .,e hi L I E Times Herqld ;. .~_- 3; Mir», F; I I J F The Washmqian Daily News ii *5 d' - __'_ __ . ------_""' The Evening Star Z._._.i.....i- W ' New York Herald Tribune _..._i- or - r ~ t9 - _ J 'yd ';/_-%¢I N York Jcurnal-hmeflfh -1- 'en /& J.3*! X 1-J9 aw *- ..- gi '"4. Q-1:-1 -n-n-1 New York Daily News i_92¬»J- New Ycrk Post _i_.i---- .o » The New fork Times -----ei- 41'»-", . _-;§_.», The Baltimore Sun _¬.¬_-...._- q--___-Z---n-Q-gr The Worker ._._._-i.-i.---i- The New Leie-P -1-?--i- The wall Slree-I Jcurna! ____i_ The National Cibse-rver ..__.,._.__._...- People's 92-v'nrl.l _i_-.i--1- Duie __.-...._ij----i- 9292 ,5? APR1 , --.;-92.|l-Hf! r-v = _ -W __>92r L U11 Q-19 {RQY- I-20-Bl] DeLoc:ch Tolson 51¢. . Mohr Mr. Babhatino ma Justice li I willmars--um not he supportedsohn-l-on-here "no by his-r I r /Wick wt tory. " , f92 If Casper I He then asked for in adjourn- -_..,. ment of the sentencing, saying - // Callahan . » his client was in pain as a result Conrad of a bullet woundhe suffered Felt Sentenced fo1965 MurderZ wane trying to escape from the .92.u of Black Nationalist ballroom after the kli-g. Jus- "92 GU15 .. _ s-- tice Marks denied the motion- ._' 4- i 'Ihe sentencelife brought no Hosen . 92. B! JACK ROI! - l" sign of emotion to Hayers face. Sullivan i__.i Other! Receive Their Iorml '= Tcivel J. In a hesvtty guided. toched The next to he sentenced was courtroom thatwas openedonly Butler. 27.or 661Rosedale Are-l Trotter :.__._._. tn permit the widow of whom nue. theBronx. Hewas 1-eon- X 1-0 enter. the three men con- sented by William C. Chance .Tr., who also vainly sought en 92 I, Tele. victed oi. khni the biioi 111,. adjournment. .» Holme- tim-list wereIder sentenced!Johnson. 30. or 530 - Bronx to lite in prison yesterday. Park South, the Bronx. was rep The terms were imposes out resented by Joseph Pinckneyo T111111-le H-lyer.Norman 3X Who told the court that he had Butler and 'nICII1l.!John. 15X tr tended to ask for an adjourn-I 5011- I-11 Nesms. by am:-em ennbnthndheenukedhytnsl 1 Court Justice Charles Marks. c'ent notto do so. All were identifiedat their trial Mrs. Shabazz declined to -1- as Black Musliinn. meot as s-he left the court. Whe Under the law 1, life 5g;Lg||¢¢ shewasawltazessat the trii. Ir tantamount no e sentence or . she said. as she passed the tn 4° Wars to life. which means defendants: They killed In the defendantswill becomeeli-ll husband. They had no right to gable for parole oiterServing !r__'| my I1.:_...... iehnnrl " I 26 years and 8 months. The prosecutionwas oonduot-l A jury of nine men and ed by assistant district attor- -|-:@|- women deliberated for more: eys Vincent J. De:-mody and .3.-3; than 20 hours last month be- raid J. Ryan. Mr. Dermody Ilje ninz each defendant ently was promoted to hes.d_ ~ '4-;-' e homicide bureau in Man-' 'k~t:£11111? rst-degreeof murder. The trial took a startling turn attan District Attorney Frank . Wm Bayer. on the witness . Hogan: oice. : $_13-Rd. changedhis urlier tesq tunony and admitted he had .7.-_ taken part in the killing. But he 4*! .,..-F; I-srerted that his co-defendants Toms;re Innocent. InWm -.=_,==-5 Malcolm was shot to death 5- 21- 1965, in the Audubon lalh-oom at 166th Street mo Broadway. as he addressed a /l/la /COLM O/. 2 T rally of 400 persons.A former ._.q._,.._,=.nrva-new»-pl--»ea~t.|ea:-n-J-luv-92924I-""""' l 5l1PP°1'1¢1'Elijah Muhammad, of . II, 9!? bl-lk 3-Ill-93m leader,he was | The Washington Post and __._.._ -;,§_ _5l3-113 _lb0921l-I year otter brelk- _ i i1_;-K Times Herold ags;'1t.hMusl.i.nz tlhie movement - 92 .. L. up s own group. known; The Washington Dolly News _.i_.. I-9 the Organization of Afro-; Aznencnn Unity. . . "no ' W-" ""| The Eveningi__.i___ Slur ~12 Court attendnnt; ms poncgt P91S0nneI, including unnee-i 17 ' ~'NewHerold York_._,_.._i Tribune A. WGIHEH. searchedspectators who .4. J_ New YorkJournal-American _i entered the courtroom before the Z1 ----_ -i. New YorkDaily News - sentencing calendar was called. The courtroom was locked when New York Post the sentencing of Hlyer was begun. Mrs. Betty Shahazn. TheYork New ' Malcoh-n: widow, was searched The Baltimore Sun ii,___i_ sndsattnahackrowoithe court to hear the sentencing. Hayrr. 24 you-s old. of s4_ /J.'I. V f QRQ -E Ere The New LeaderW0:-tier_ii_.i.___ _5i arshail Street. Paterson. N. J. 1 v re a dark suit andstood nsltI in- The Wdll Street lburncll .i_...._.. ti his low-yer. PeterSabbstino. The Nnuonol Cfl:-server __ F ur u.-'.J.r?.attendants surrolmdd V e¢_ Hayer. ll - °! People-'5 World _i WV - Dalev ___ / _:L~1c. '_ 5 APR5 .9 / A.§:»92" 551566 92s. » " Tolson _"'i"_iO-I9 Rev. l-26-65!' ' --,~ Fr - -¢92q4|o'llT-'-~"-j=-w.-r1--_-=-" .;j_-.--.:_',.'eeea- '7' ' 1 7 7 * "'_-|_.__ . P 7 V __' - ».. The Murder of Malcolm - ' e - ..oovEn11921o UP/'II-1Eonrivrn pr. ByMltS.EL HOLLINS _ There has bear no mentionin the ggss o additional indictmentsof theother men olved in the assassination of hn X. Del_.ouch Are we to believethat theoonviction olthe threeldllers is the conclusion ofthe trial? Mohr '1;l Are weexpected accept tothis as a verdigt? ____- As I wrote earlier. durhag rqy Wick lnvutigation Iellablt responsible and competent people who wit- Casper ,.. nessed the assassination. today Cclllcrhcm remember, as they did immediat- Conrad is-iwsi ly alter the assassination, seeing Felt Ive or sis mm tiring guns either at 1-Jakolmx or overhead, am! Gale . V 1' two others causing disturbance iii to distract. identied the persons tnvolv-u'l . Q Rosen _..., werenotevenealledtotes't:lfy.A KILLERS STILL LOOSE , woman told methat shesatbo Sullivan I man was shot In the stomach In aoeortlanee wlthtbelaw, end: sideoneoftheklllersandhadduring the assassination and re- Tovel-.-pi.-an-i ]'[92Bl'| nirgifil1; ggggirm- fused medieal aid. W_'howas he? Y l'*'i'B "" in tton is quaily guilty. X a total raisedherhandtolmochswayWho nally treated his wotmds? Trotter of eight or more men including Not a word about him was men- i A~_|-,3 the one who set otherebomb tioned during the trial. Another Tele. Room - ..§'~'-in the rear oi the Audubon Ball- man was shot in the toot. He too . at-.: . ._v'-_-room!, just three have been was not mentioned at the trial. Holmes_.__.____ . ,¢-..-, . hroughttoju.-12. ' cdv .r*e_ Many of these relevant facts Q 92-92.-is-;-i1--i-_ .. Now 1 ask the Black peopleol were given to the District Attorney 4 this land: Do welall asleep and by those presmt at the Ballroom i-I re this investigation end? is mu that Sunday. They were not what the powu structure intend- brought out in the open at the RE 14.! ed? I-Iistorimlly, we have done trialwas itbecause they_ would F .fi' nothing to bring to justice kiilas open doors for additional indict- of great Black men. Why do we ments? . . . -._-~ At other rallies held at the '.'-J,rel? onothers do ourto work? was informed. during my in- Audubon Ballroom there were 40 vestigation. that many ot Mal- to 60 policemen presertt-ln the oolrns top security men had back of the room. in adjoining warned witnesses who saw the rooms, in the outer hull, infront -» assassination trorn close range to ofthe building and in squadcars. Fl keep quiet and say nothing when On the day of the assassination, they werequmttoned bythe Dis- there wasonly onepollcernantobe , a trict Attorney. seenoutside the building. "L1 According to witnesses, it took 15 _._: to 26 minutes for the to arrive after the killing. Why? 51° We must remember that just a week earlier, Malcolm: hornewas bombed. If the police found 92- nemssary to protmtthls great ma nu- on previous ou:asionswh ! -Z} nothing happenedwhy was i found unnecessary to protect him _after his hornehadheenbomhed? --.5" 1 killer! The stage was vacant that day, warned her that she herself was In elssnans-"'..|'ll*""'-I . theoops no wheretobeseen. nqton Post and _¬__ Why would laeselo-caIlc:l"pro- "-"""-D-" v 'wt? ma-1 stood u-y and did Herold bctors" of Maleohn X hold evi- When-I~as#t|-anyof the nothing-and nonewereoalled to dence and warn others to hold three indicted men was the one tatity at the trial. Allthisindimtes nqton Dolly News _.,__ evldmoe that would aid the D.A. she hadseen,heranswerwa|no- that many people wereaware of '92q.._.._..i..-_ Star in building the stateease, inap- She had also was the three men the planned assassination. -lerclld Tribune i_. prehending more oftheklllersand who had nally been trledfortlle Slum that cold, awful day. many lourncl-Amerlcqn ii in bringing them to Justine? killing, but none was the one that oi Malcolr-ns security men h Members of Malcolm's securitysat buide her. left the country. Others have Dally News ______gave testimony ln court favorable '1hls man. to thestsge den out. Mnnyofusknoww =os1______,__,..ii_ to the defense-they didnot sp- and red point-bi Malcolm th are- udin the Dist P=-*-'"host.."e es -.-'t°.r.e-sea%n:e ork Time: ii... 51¢ "° Wick 14 ' Cosper -a._ Coliohon i_._ Conrad _.i_.__ Felt / ole 51¢ Li-A;-ii 'I gin Williams to Handle iv -_e' ' I Tove ,1, 3 Muslims Appeal - Trotter ii , 5 [I I Tele. Room .__._ In Malcolm Killing Holmes _.._.i. Gondy ii

- WASHINGTON,Edward Bennett Sept.Williarns,j'l' U'PI= considered one of the best eon-1 stitutional lawyers in the coun "Y. said today his firm has. been retained to appeal the can-i acrusedvictions of of killin three Black Mal:-olnkgl.. ims Malcolm was . 21, 1965. as he began to address a. gathering of his breakaway Black nationalist oreanization at the Audubon Ballroom in / - 5 Upper Manhattan. bli. Following an eight-week trial, ~ -Q-_-5 Talmadge Hayer, 24 years old, of Patterson, N.J'., and Norrnan 3X Butler. 26, and Thomas 155X Johnson. 30, both of the Bronx, were sentenced to live i.:rnprison- h ment. - - 1"-' Williams said his firm had been retained by "friends and those closely related to the ac-f cused men." He said the Appel-1 late Division of New York Su-- preme Court has been advised of the appeal. i Role Denied by Black Muslims I Spokesmen for the Black Mus~ 1 lims have consistently denied 51 Q, The Washington Post and i any participation in the killing. -e They also denied having had Times Herald a.n3'thing to do with the suhse-I The Washington Daily News __i quent trial anf refused to dis-5 cuss the three defendants? The Washington Evening Star i Black Muslim spokesmen r New York and Chicago,_where; New York Daily News i.._..__ the group: headquarters is sit-I New York Herald T1-iblme it uated, declined comment on New York Poet 3-.-._.?.;._._ v yesterday: development: Sources close to the group; The New York Times have speculated, however, that; New York World Journal ..__.___ .92_.' -» i the lttpensee BlackMuastligs e are oorurt.oa.ses.meeting,» New York World -i----- A - - The three men were convicted .1'. and sentenced last April and. Journal Tribune p . I would become eligible for parole: The Baltimore Sun _-i---- after they had served 28 years; :7- eight. months. All had pleaded The Worker __.-_-_--.-__..i 1.n.nocent. .~ .- I The New Leader i-_---_ During the trial, Hayery changed earlier testimony by] The Wall Street Jouml a..- I saying he had taken part ii-1| The National Obiervf -i I the killing. He testied that h' -def dint: in-I People's World -no-i 4 . - o " ._..__."" - Date s /653% 57?,=;,2,!- /? -ZEP8 . N01 RPPOTEDED 134 sap 19 was /A / {V1 / , '5 7 iii/' _ I FD-350 Rev. 1-to-oil

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To son _ ._ _ __ A___ , M01-I"||""'"' '- §paee Below! f.-,. .'~'1". F Dolor-P",l k -_92'.'I-J. ___n....___ hlal-3.5! I :.- I. . ' '"- l Fir. l" ".3l...._. 4 chased the ere-wd-back into a r "1 . ..; _ the park and fired shotguns .3 into the air several times. 11-: . -.. ~_, The crowd assemhied at i - p.m. at a park forum at 53d r~ r it and Sou Park. There weltl W. speecheitmid Many of _ e crowd drum wore pla 'oi?3. '92'_ 92 orful fcZ1$, arm band-I d buttons bearinl the W Cl: "T '- " "Black Power."_ | Indicatepctqe, name oi The meeting was held -by newspaper, clly and attain.! various groups, none of them 1 officially designated nor later identified. 3 Plainclothes policemen Otis Harris and Carl Ford, of the l Wabash Xv. Station, said they had been told last week that. an attempt would be made lduring the rally to tear down. the Washington Park sign at Slst and South. Park, and re- l - ' .1 l 4": place it with a Malcolm X .i- - . Shaball Park" sign. 1 - . e crown- -ml . never got .. iuiL sign up. was confiscated by : or policeme ' _ - @.= Le dis ption of the ect- b1 C» ing came ith the appea ance two white women who of CIIT JA ~7~ Sill"- T parked their car nearby. Their name; were not learned. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS - Qa We Dot Want Then .~:-:3 Officers Harris and Ford; 92Q' -Ll" said the women joined the l :- rq .-| - l emory of crowd. Then someone shouted: l Date J-T"L.'= . D 'lheres whites among us." Edition: YOU Other voices cried, That's l Author: white and we don't want them 92 l Violence A South Side ed thme g of some 250 persons ' l Edttor: pggabqbr here. The crowd was made l 1Title: P"/92 ""1 I 'r Ii IE. I155, with _ the appearance Malcolm of, slam " Black National _t' two white we-mm on the up of a number of youths, . n D , 1; 92 3 scene. leader,The ared crowd into also a waatwo-h i , sporadles _ a both male and female. byjff X §'r92,¬"<l'92Yt"l",P l " Two or three Negro girls Q mlmd by the failure of an men .r:",l'ct'1clr-of wnh policemen Sunday. ,7 s< tzs extra poli the t attempt to erect a new sign wer sent to the scene as a get upon the whites, Character: M -'51-mil"! -Vzshington um 'Park epol: as mung,mh began in a fo- i, or 1.5 -1.1-65 Malcolm X Shahau Park. 5 mmoi . __ing'!oo _Park,;'i- llrqegro They w tlIClDllI£'l'l_¬_l_I__S:fl__ joined by a__ t Gleeatltcottem in? - =58? participants 15 Negro women who pushld, Sublnllllnq Olflcl: CIIICAG-! _"' - '_"""""'l Flevert pcrso , generate<% into angry tt ll'l udmg f [I icemc 'Rocks tore through ind. W C treatedzf r injt _ sh_1eldaéof_autos passing by md4 - s windows in several police an 1QQQ Q ana- were shattered. Policemen formed a chain and mauled them," the officers said. We pulled our stars1 G Helnq lnvesttqcrted l the enc with locked arms at op; po' ; i 1 an c '1" ""llll=- Demons . and told them we were police. We ondered them to get back t lefttheparkandasse . UNDER IIHFIIQTIGATION in front of the Wah to the meeting. 5.. Police shouting, The policemen then drew l t,1C. ounters. - - their guns. Ford escorted the Pie -I » Extra Police Crowd Cltned ygg two white women to their auto 1 01? - 7'73 Ll o 1 0

30 uniformed policemen then were on hand. --- = Police Reinforced 921'!Io because been .:-* Minutes later, they were re. $3 inforced; the policemen then numbered lbout i25. issued forls emcuon on pub. ,.__ - llc propel-ry ._,-- They pursued the crowd, .,__:- -1 The WabashAv Districtpo- .-:~<~* movitrginawideu-eofsomelicemen treated for IIIIIIIII in- f:;:"7- Wm:June: at.* Hospital Prov:-dent i S yards,back into the park.tI . . if .92_.-: Dani Mona, _ .lb8¢__ro_Wd§semedfrom thrown brick; .-_ _ n the Wabash Av. Sta |¢Y- btlued arm, I nsibly, the police ' @Lllrldp, hand btte L try to free .1 number of 92 . __,;_ cipanuThe whocurd were toiaieti being 4" " = tudimdphllfi wr'u1. sprained - ..¬ K 200.questionedT ey inside.chanted 92_ T114! and3! aduhs Ind inert ' shouted' suitsat the 11J92=n3!ts werearrested an °ha!=5 Hugingfrom % .-cf -IE men befobeing dispnri Wto disorderly conduct, son; . H. . 'l'tn~ce Molotovcocktails lg were hurled into 48th St. Th! lmwwmmmmywn |3 nded lnannlessly althou: uy were ignited. grvated bang-yda_m_ 3% Bots and stones also W61! i FP¢wwm1i Tfce of the juveng wt thrown at politxamen. ._ 3 . H inside the sew. @2- frosted during 1 television onstrauors refused to stand for lmié of arresting polio:at the station. $5? photographs andwould not discuss the incident with newe-

- Potice Lt. Robert Hamm. 1. :-t commander ofthe EdDistrict. ' _-. praised hismen._"I1:u':y lg kept - I:-7. their heads, and withstood a lot f ~- -_". T 1 'a-1; oi baitingand prcssu:r=,'PW if cot-mt-seated. n .1 -._IK -___arll W1__-_ Lil-vl _J_...... ,| 1.... I!!! #7 $145 p.ttl.., and by midnight; the Wabash.-92v_ stationhad 3 it normal complement ofmen 1 on duty. - - .<_- 1,- A 13-yea:-old was told by 5°? W Pm "P 'park. the She I. 7*? button withn picture of 111- I calm! ' "I'92-¢.___i._!_._.I ¢J_I ulna an lily-'I QIJIIIPIIIUEJlnl I she attempted to post the "a policeman hit me in head. '. The police said they bad planned to remove the

521 M, . "Egg,_ : .,-

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- u ./" -' M as _ Urxa :52, I =- ..- _~ La... _ ____:___:__:__ -»;.-. ' .. '.-+ ---=.<;-?&;::=.---.=--.--.,. - ..< * --J L HQ Q '4Confiscned and liken 10' Wabash Av. Police Station is sign erected by rioiers to replace the Washington Park one near REM: af rally. Sun-Tu-negP!-ma by Jack Lenahln! _ 3-'.7,"2§= _-;- -.-.

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.3 ,1 EJC. FD-350 Rev.7-16-63! . . l l .-II. ! tc,-_q *_ 92 {M0001 c||pp|I'lQ |I92 %¢ BQ|Qw! J! l - l_

-.92,,, |,,. 2 so Annssreo ogugmuo Margery x_rn1ao1=e . 710". in -hi i I "' F* H Wiw * ' i ' ' '*i""'""i- -. Afr, ;¢,_,,,n *- 0:9... @- 92 l . - u _ A black nationalist meeting -ii. T392'cl___ V l in Washington parks free ~- -tier speech area erupted in vio-, lence yesterday after two white Tele. IT; gm women joined the cmwd of 250; l= 1158 70 Huriif gggnalisr Rally .Tiss L; =='l M,5} persons honoring Malcolm X, the slain Negro leader. ,6meeting in the park were Law- at-iii-ti In the melee that followed, rence Landn.-wbotd the mas- wvu:-,'_;_ "_ "-in- 1' £ persons were arrest, 16 92sive 1963 school boycott; Oscar others--including 3 policemen- Brown Jr_, the entertainer: and were injured, and the Wabash Robert Lucas, chairman of the Indicate puqe. ncnne of avenue police station was he- -Giicago chapter of the Con-~ , city and state.! lseiged for more than an hour. gress of Racial Equality, who led last summers open housing At the meeting. sponsored by "march into Siro. the Afro-American Student as-iPolice charged all those ar- =sociatioo, a sign hearing the --_ lnarne of the park was ripped rested with mob action, dis- ldovm and the group tried to orderly cnnduct, and resisting, L replace it with a Sign reading arrest. They will appear today 'Malcolrn X Shahan Park." before M 'ate Mrlurice Lee in Jury lurt. ;_ 1 Fau- The Fturbance yesterday} It came a appmnngately the; t',.~'- same tim as police in several ' ! parts of Calilbrnia were tryinglJ Y ito put down racial, religious, ,3 Angers 'arriva1intheparkan-Negro Women ' and political violence. . The two white women, who Cl Set! by Conndl - I i we rescued by Negro under- In Vail ,CaI., about-tomiles ,_V_wcoii policemen. fled the scene,northe ,-of San Fraalzisco, all . -,. and_ emaincd |.70 mern of the police erce and a d n highway patrolmen CHICAGO AMERICAN i were called out to quell a dis- ,5 sailed eredsome them Ne and Em bggm women= sbzlitl-IIlJ&lIl0e r . o at the Floyd Terrace cn1cAc0,ILLIuo1s .. :'ing Black power" housing project, which has been I16 swhigeyvs ha-e_ ll p°1i¢e;nm I g-[dared closed by the city 1:00-11- Otis Harris and Carl Ford in-, . _92 1'.1 Itervened and led the two white In San Francisco,_violenceg 5-27-6? I _._, women away. broke out between Jews and ,.._'- s ' Date: Then, someone tore down the Arabs in Golden Gate park. 92 Perk Sign. and several an-em Police said about 100 Arab Keene srna FINAL were made alter police rein- students picketed a gathering Author: forcements arrived. of about 1.500 persons marking . $-'F'1The crowd marched on the Israel In _dayl The Arab Editor T fin: l 0 police station, a few blocks group, chedtoliard the. Title-:. Pg¬.I.*1 YR 2:-irroa l away at 48th street and Wa- lbandst and beg heckling; 1~1ALC/in, . STOlIS'lRED L bash avenue, to protect the the , according topo- U. ,.P.'°.iTASlIIt*E?Tl arrests. Rocks and bottle were lice. thrown and police said at least" In Loo Angeles, H-yeanold chqHA'¬¢K- G , ILT, four rnolotov cocktails were Michael Laski, leader of": or 157-1.1465 Small communist splinter group Cloooiilcationz Till Police Cit Kllldl Ila itself the Commu- Submit Ltnq Oiiic¬H1cAGo nist P U. S. A., grxigr. l Comdr. bert Hamsll la?Leninis was, arres at an [:3 Bednq Investigated dressed the! crowd thru a ' * _ born in an effort to get" outdoor anti-Viet Na protest to disperse. Hundreds ol po-Tally 0 "B charge using '-- --. 1--"_"*-"H 9292-. licemen were called in from 5 ° -1 n d BQ-llllment Sunday Id, L_92j___...L» ]i.9292i_.-...t92_T. Oag s."»:_:-il south side districts to without a police pe1'mj|;_ ! OU ».3"?3~>*i1 - handle the crowd. ' In San Dies». :4 Negroes and i, The rgogcipped over a police4 whites were arrested after g 1 1car a sout gu- riot at a rock n roll show in -5:u¬E§;E? 1- '_u,.-I /Q¬,§7 >5 Hl tion and smame1Jithe m.downtown _Community Co1:|- _|r192, 1_-1 L9

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u _. 5 ' _ -.-i.- - __- -... _ - 92 - I .-: =-'.- ' '. r" '"% Q '.:-"."'Y' z}:-'~ ' " 3*-4=*!= ' Q . o --,;- " '1 '= - " '- " j [V 9-Yr*<-G?-- __ '- 92 F 3 - 92. A - » _ -.¢$ , , , -- -- W. r - . '"1 K"51"" l. =, = K 92 Q ,¢ 3 X wr-W -'- _ -. ,, V 2 - o ...... ,=:===-:-=-.-'§'§i'.f:'»~1.1.@.¢;92d'-='=-=z:-='=""- ' ' '* - ;-' 1 _-- -==..,,; As»: ,><§' ;' . § - . . _ 5- r '21- , ~, -=1- _ -.,=; -92: : ---;.. ;. " --<-. __,. " i I v -Z-.~ r 3 - ~ "~;--~,.__~ '1. "*5- _ <=-":~*.;.t="i-.;',_'-~ - _._~?- ' '- %- Li"1;»; '" =':~'-aw.-.=;; - 92 --' - _, ,' '-- 4- - =.?-:*-- H-;.- '1 . *5-*2 -1.; -92- '6' x -- TL..¬l..[:".¢_:5'. _ ;. ye in'1; M W - '" . -r K .31 _. - = -' .,". "I';;-,1. 92 . - '~ - _ '5.~_ _ ;-_-.;_c_~;_;, _ P',_'¬..:.u_92:§Q§"92~_ -.¢ '_,2?§ ¢- . '._ ._ - ' _ f-=- - . ' J. ;--'. a 1: -V '.~--"*1" " ~ *- ».- . '-- -~.- .. . -:. ~ '-r~';"' . r "=a_~_3'-5??-'=~1 -" '~-. >"*":. Pb? Q i ow ""~" . . .92.92!""Y92- t'- ?-v:-1-*=:*=i*-=. ,_5-o. - .0 V--_ . 5.3.? 92_h_-' 33*?-;-i -- *3 - ,..i.- -_¥,_-Q _1 ,_...» "-¢,5_ - , - 3 .-5 ~ 1-. - - . . - 2511- ' . -1- ;.--.- __-._ 1; ',-: _. _ '_---..¢'+,',; -Q;-9; --- a * . I 2?". - J,.._ . ',¢__;,*r:.;.__,_;a:=-5 92 . v .'. X-P . _-£f$§&.:f::: . A,""§; _4 _, vi .,--_'-' ax.1-1%: ,, ; "---' -I"-" - "u? 1 ."_.'l",92 _: ".,"-::.5.i'-5:; 92. . if T3; In ' .-o-it '; '_¢"*;-'- _ - "r ' .f_":;az':=2===i._._.§_,,_p '.f'-_lf,g3?*;F!'92'_,-;_; . -- '92N' "A '_ ; -:3; - - - ' ,*' : *l""'.- Lo. 13*'T. ». -."-. ~v"' !s~'.--.-'-=-i:=-n- _ ,* . "'§1'92$.s.--- W .0 5* 92 ' "' " "' ".. 1 1- ' ' -_.. "9'r?.,- ~ .- ,_;..--___ ' -. -=-71,- h H -_ '; --Q3}. .- - w"".' ,1. -r-.3-_ -- -;;=_ J _ * ._ -'-2 _,._,~ ~ .- 3 _M__,-*~___;-,, . .-=~- _ H--.r ~"- .-..':>»~I-=,..'- '"a-1-A-=1?i5" ,__ . ';-H . .._»r/1. . _ .:-**-*2," o ._3 .,; SECTION OF WASHINGTON park, near Provident hospital, has been proclaimed Mal- cohn X Shaluu park. according to sign. Gathering ol Buck Nationalists to honor their I slain leader lurked into 1 riot. _

92 ,7; I-3 .- __,92

L FD-350 Flor. 7- I6-63!

.-Ir. J: . _ I .-ll". lfl'. If/'.Tnlson _ I ETC Mr. '," It I 1 _7 7' '''_ ' Quill" clipping In $poee Below! : i --I. Wabash Av. Station Guarded mt. _92.~ 13¢ '..._a _.t After 38' Arrests lPark A 1Tt.__ , W . --. __'n slat. t. ,n?-. By!-1tlmnn1l1.Bou'eg and Ford pulled The 34 adults who were l.l~ Miss L'J':do-- J -.. their guns and risked severe rested will appear May 31 in ~. Extra polio: squads guard- _-_'_---_ ed the Wabash Av. police sta- personal injury'to allow the Boys Court on charges rang- *-"-'I;5.;:_ ~§ white girls to get to their car ing from mob action and in- H, tion and patrolled nearby and drive out of the park, [Indlcgtb pczqi, name of streets Monday as the result terfering with police to dis- UQWQPUPII, CIIY Clhd IlUlQ.l --i 'r'.- Harness said. of I disturbance led by Black orderly conduat._..Sg~_m; were Power advocates. ' . More than I50 uniformed '2'. charged additionally with ag- 5} Four juveniles and 34 police,_ wearing riot helmets V 2 adults were arrested after the and carrying shotguns, rushed gravated battery and damage ~s into the park and near- to police property. t melee Sunday in Washington Park. Three policemen and by streets. gs: i -- four other persons were slight- A CROWD of more than l ly injured. 200 persons quickly arrived at Police Comdr. Robert Har- the Wabash Av. station, 48th ness blamed the disturbance St. and S. Wabash. to protest . Qh' on high emotionalism by the arrest of 12 persons at the TE persons attending a meeting to park. The crowd_ ignored a dedicate the park to Malcolm plea by Harness to disperse X. slain Black Nationalist. and tossed rocks, bricks and '.e trouble began when Molotov cocktails. - -9. two nidentied white girls The three Waba Av. Dis- sougl: to attend the meetingi trict policemen trea d for mi- I and eir presence was object- a ,,nor injuries at Provident Hos- » F. ed to by many oolored worn- t oatcaoo NEWS -__r. pita! were Daniel Moran, face en." Harness said. cuts from 'a thrown brick; --qt. 'l'WO.NEGRO undercover Leon Shelley, bruised arm, , ILLIN OIS l-~ detectives. Otis Harris and and I a in e s Breckenridge, '-.-.Carl Ford, were credited with hand bite. rescuing the white girls from - . the angry C'l'OWd_ l - iDt0: "T fir rs. YEd.t.ttou: RED DART Author: l_l:?'TA"f-TI" J D i Edilfl M. 't"|t1}F!:i._LLY Tn l-IQNQR MAL C0_ I sggnsoren av c.c ca1cA§5, iiio PARK Chcrroetor: _¢ "' 19*-IMGS Clo uotltcu tton: 1 __ - Submlttlnq Office: V ljBelno7lnve.stlqnted i r . I 0 O_ - UNDER.7 I . /-16° ENVEETI-"-~ 5 a '92l 56 JUN 211931 '1'-40 -~.2<; -Al l I U2 31'1"?"-" o-19 Rev. 7-21-an

1/ 1 "". ohr I ~e<@=_- B oi? _, u l / Casper ----i Callahan ' -If_ " _- :~- 1- Conrad ----i- nc Felt . Thé*$+c£rycTff w Sulliv Tavel i-i Malcolm X Trotter in Tele. Room .__._._._ Holmes in on Screen <¢,92 HOLLYWOOD UH! Darryl 1?, Zanuck,head of 20th Century- Fox Studiosproduction. saidto- ..__-__.. day he is activatinga lm based on the life of the late black nationalistleader Mal- colm IL -i__,,, Mr. Zanuclr has hired '.-1._- author-television personality- Louis Lomaxto write a dramatic screen treatment of his book "When the Word is Given." I biography ofMalcolm X. ' -,_ ~- < » Mr. Zanuckcurrently is -92 searching fora producer.director and star for the drama -1 which k scheduled to begin |L__l. ing. _""'-" _ ;/ r 51 .-'-I J 'f__I ' Times Herald' .. __:_ P_ost _ . I -git-._ : ll The 9292'ashin.gtonDaily Newsl jg; The Evening Star Washington! i 1.'~ i, The Sunday Star Washington! i. Daily News New York! @ Sunday News New York! ___...__ New York Post in The New York Times he The Sun Baltimore! The Worker /'" I The New Leader 92 The Wall Street Joumal h__._ The National Observer _._..._.i_ People's World__.__.ii__ /0% NOV 2 9 1967

. 7,'5 . O lwnac o 15:2 I-,, /1!/' ""'- --- D-19 Ree- 7-27-B71

lvlohr I Bishop " b1c Conrad er -_i-..- i Cdsp Cctllchun i- . -"I f.- 1' .T".'.';: Around DIII-flee-Und.;a,,g|1the N tl Felt -._. ;- OBERLIN, OHIOOber- Gole ._ .- ~'_-1;-.~92-a -lin College: President, Dr. - 1" Robert K. Carr, said yester- not-Il£|.|:L.Q.l.|,|1.a torholq hear- Flosen . .-_. .»--_ t L ings on reports o ac m in .-zr _<-__.- - day that the Selective Serv- public schools. . A :5_?_=i - ice System has assured him Sullivan ._ _..! that a delinquency notice liven an Oberlin student Hi jacket Probed Tavel. who demonstrated against MiAMI'1he United the war in Vietnam will be -. States Government probed n withdrawn. through Swiss diplomatic Te-le. Room i John D. Love, 21, a junior, channels yesterday to learn Holmes h I became subject to immedi- whether Lawrence Mahlon ate draft by the notice as a Rhodes Jr. would §et sanc- Gandy --_-_-_.i result oi his part in a dem- tuary in Cuba or be re- i onstration last Oct. 28 against turned to face Federal piracy | 1 Navy recruiters. I andlridnaping charges for hi- .- _ .-., Dr. Carr said the General jacking a jet airline and lore- 19° r .:'..'._i Faculty Council had ap- .1ing the pilot to take him to ..-.|_ ii proved a proposal for tem- ,, Cuba. ' ,-.__-"'1 porary revocation oi the The State Department _scho_ol's Policy of making fa- asked the Swiss Embassy to Clll Ihl! to military determine whether the Fi- recruiters. u--a..._..,, del Castro government had granted political asylum to Rhodes, the son of a West Schnn1__l-lateVirginia coal miner. Hijack- 151?, ing an aircrait in flight is NEW Yonx-ATE-?a-1:.under a death Federail nalbh-0-Eiqnselaw. Giardino. president of the Board of Education, has di- rected Superintendent of Schools Bernard E. Donovan ;l r l to "establish clear control" of Intermediate School 201 in East Harlem and to end 1 incitements to hate" there. He said he and other I board members were shocked that an antiwhite The Post A 7' program was held Wednes- Times Herald 7 i" t ~.- day _in the school audi- The Washington Daily News i_._ torium. It had been billed an ,1-__._'r.¬-; The Evening Star Washingtonl___ féoa a memorial to the third anniversary oi the assassina- The SundayStar Washington! i... tion of black nationalist Daily News New York! --.-g_ leader Malcolm X; ' The City Commission on Sunday News New Y°l'k! -- mnirrn-"nt;nu air-'lh;'_ New York Post t ;|",m.¢ hm The New LeaderYork Times __...i__ nenmutn 2:. oouovan Tl" "=11 5"='=* J°""1=1 O . , , to I h The National Sun Baltimore!Observer f;"-='?fl 7.» Jr92-92-- /ll", it id L People's TheDateWorkerWlorld

iii iii / 0- J ' FEB Z4 1%! 2/£1.52 1968 161 N .»+/

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a 9°"7-21-er! H L% ' *°' "I" Bi ,hop P... ..____.._ -_.a,i___ __,._.._ The ' Wu l/ Casper_...__._i has no leg! authonty.-but e Collcihdn _._i TWOSTJJDIOSPLHI Conrad fiirniesa.ssi?ciationsan an __ t to gm- re- member MALGOLMX FILMS gl-the -useOfe::Fh1.1H'- and Felt dglicate. titlesfilm anii,_.iri- Gale _ .;__,~i. 1'-.- L ti ctly, lm stories!, register .',- '|-...-_ n-|.r...:_.'__;' | __.!_ tiles me bureeu ad re- Boson , -.{»:_:.; quire: Dnivlln lrlil LOUIS c e priority on their use. _...... giiiii .... ii mt- -he-..~ Lomax WritingScripts el-ox spokesman suggested Tovéi ___._...... _i - v 4"! wkgiven thereason e ti t to Columigia lihht use ti Trotter -. ,- . l By vnvczrrr cams! - title. eventliguph was it regis- ollywoodappai-ently. re-3tgd afterF s. was becauq Tele. Room% l ' eAutobiography of Mel- oiceiris: p . a0 motion-- hot box-e@rn:__X"_ belongsto a copy-I Holmes pibture companiesare rushing ri p ted york. That book, writ» plhns finmajor filmsbased on }_él;in'collaborationAlex. with Goody 92 thh life of the black nation-i Pr s,i=L.O¢tober.y, was-'publi$hed96b; 1 . __ Grove] Liaim. e. wholeader, was born" assassinated Malcolmi I; eaclied"i'hursda_vl-iollv- in liege Feb. 21, 1965. - - ; wiid, iviarvin Vvori-.ii._w'howiii produce The Autobiography" '3£cilumbia_ Pictures._wI-iichi fog Columbia. had another oygiis die":-ight.sto "riie Auto-P eirplaiiation: "I have just one biography of Malcolm IL"; thi;i1g to say. 1 submitted ["i'he hopes to begin production ins Autobiography of Malcolm X! the fall with a script now toi l-ox before submitting it to g writtenby JamesBald-- ciiiuiiiiiiu . - , Sidney Poitier has been David Brown. a Fox vice .'-;_ l - mentioned as the possible star, 1 I president and the director of '--h"_.;;llthll ,_' allparties connectedstpry operations, conrmed bib project refuse to com this, but said that at that time $ Fox already was working on its jAt the some time. 20th Cen- DWI] original treatrnent of the ti.T;'-Fortpinririirii is to stir: production late this summer on Malconi'Xstory "although that lialcolni X, based on an orig- was not conveyed to Mr. worth _-.-w1 inal screenplaybeing written- atxhe time. 2 Mrs. Betty Shabap. the by. LouisLamar, a newspaper-_| widow of Malcolm X, is coop- man and television commen- ergting with Mr. Baldwin on t- '31 so s ~. . e ssi i that two the piepuution o-elie-4Eo-Fum- ,_-;_.:3- . filth:abggt MahigirilmX mi bia. screenplay-a _ be-_ready forrelease at abou the fihrrinsny e exc usive .- 1,.-.¢ - the" same time does not seem.- right to portray her in the to bedeterring eithercompany forthcoming |'i1!!'!-K, 1 I-lotSuinnm Feared 3 Although Columbia execu- I ves would not disolose how 1L The Washington Post executive atFox said b Times Herald 'l'lr_ursdaythe onlything; that much badbeen paidfor "The Autobiography." theywq Yb The Washington Daily News -i that wouldpersuade us no_t_to,, Mrs. Shabazzand herchlldren _ - . .. - ; The I .. Evening sitar -tshirigt-'.iiii - ._._,, .'-9:8Q',1hld '21 be ourW01-1_ldinal:i_i.11t¥§ would alsoreoetve p_art of the to-comeup witli_a_good _script. -'lm; net profits. which W111 N i,. #7 i|'5 d . _ In2.1.-;; .-'A; - Columbia oificial sud sim- Ward intoa trust fund. .:- _-i, 1.F 1° - Su.ri air Star Washington! ____ PK that"the projectis fraugh ii Dfcials at Foxwere reim- I Daily News New York! __._i_.._ 1.. P¢1'iLbut this,apparent tant to disclose the scopeoi the Sunday News New York! ii. ml §ii...*;,:.?=:"":s:°0 . PO QC ""1Malcolm"X screenplay béliil New York Post |writtEil by Mr. I-omlx. I5 W I - Q :1 'or .**~>.:.,.*.i~"**===.....;'.*..%"§i':'.*iG . . . . I The NewYork T ll1mm¢l'.-----_ m . I asassociated names withthe thethose black ma- of[7 persona; I/7 I The Son Baltimore! .______The comps-nies hove[tiorielist from-_whonithey have The Worker _____i__i h E-'61.5681! sparring rather received legitréléiséi. r'ii.i.| The New Leader ii over theirrival fi.ln'i8.! ~ii::'~ais,w s expec h. b Lt week an arbitration com- the made without wen-imowii The Wall Street journal ii Irlme of the Motion Picture is era. - " . //V A¥5j9¢1ltl01l Americas_iitleof "YrheAutobiography of'Mal-The National Observer ____i___ Rlethérgistration bureau rightto usegave the Colum- title, icolm X covers s lif_e from . Autobiography of Mal- ibis boyhoodin Migujlm El X.for itsfilm elthoufhthrough his Harlem h um Date __i_i___,_____i__i Tout no.1 earlier re stered ts days and his conversion to Ell- iIii¥,?:.':1;i"e*%i=**».***=..*l..__**_*"*ah Muhammad: Nation of Ia- "M mi¢i*i.=.>*:.i*;."".i..,t...."=/W-32%.;/-,4 "ifs 1 Iii i- ' . I'-92 4o _ . J MP4-Q-v 2Qrvuu121.; -q___ Ilvn-- L19 Rev. 1-17-saw

ACK USUIIS LOSE Tolson ii rmzn APFEIlT;7c_ BeLoacn __._..__._ i'.l'h1IIIYIi'.l.'lIl. Mohr i_i__ B1sh0pi...._..__. . plg ,Aprll rejected 16-1:,eCourt ednes- Casper _.....____ Eihllrns sentenced appeal of to lifethreeBlack in Callahan _i Conrad ii _ -"r.re:ea Lr er "rt;' 0 e rgan|-a :11Fr|"OY Afro-AmericanUnitv. Felt ?__.__i. In a unanimous opinion, the Gale ;tate's highestcourt ruled there Rosen I E:-degreeno reversible murder errorconviction in the :l'lhomasNorman Hagan. 3X Sullivan _i._._ | tler and Thomas15X John- Tove-i i_.__ .aon. Trotter ii... jhe _appea.l the rever- ot tne oomnctlon becausethe Tale. Room _i._ and public were barred Holmes _i.__ the courtroomduring the Gan ilstimony of two witnesses. act. the three claimed. de- them t.heir constitutional right to a publictrial. ; Iuid 'i'hacontention saociateJudgewas rejecte Franc a, C. . whowrote e opinio ndof intereststhe mm for of ap§$§§ r __-_____e_nimum related _ directly. _ . ..Ato the ema1,tne & courtroomu lbtheteatirnonyofaw-ltness ' °"""¬fit!!! I11 P11 °§l" 9.a een 3?5? not_ necessarilydeprived a publ1c'trial." .% judge had cloned the lcourttnesa said thethe when life 0attorney hisfor wit- one s had been threatened and feared for his life if he testi- led. Related testimony by an lllt pf the FederalBureau of lrwesttgatiorr e:-as also ta.-t" in The Washlrtgton Post Times Herald ___ii_._.___ te. The Washington Daily Neus aw coln-|X was mur red The Evening Star Washington! T; 21. 1965, while addre in; ttdienoe in the Aud The Sunday Star Washingtonl i an New York Citi- Daily News New York! _,______H______Sunday News New York! _____._._ New PostYork IT _ The New York Times ii The Sun Baltimore! i______i The Daily Worlda M-3??i.2J_-._-.. .._e h,_____ ~14 The New Leader i____i,_ '0 l-;-_¢'J- .:*z--92 The Wall Street Journal __..i_._ '_ I? The National Observer i__.i._._ People's Worldhe Examiner Washington! _i___?

/J - / I-Z 9 Date '7,_J_ 4| Q _I_ ____._

9 U-19 Rev. 7- 17-38! . T J/1 -' Mohr - Bishop Q! Casperin bf] ConradCallahan.i..__ -.i.._. .-'93-37 Felt -2-.92-92-2 "'-4e; 1 osen i ' /ak Sullivan 7_/to 7..i.._ =-'7' 1; r.-:?"~'-'-' _ so | Tavel Trotter §..;,"QI. :.g .1 2-M-1-u C6iiFFUpl1olHsl '92.92 Tele. Room _._.__ Convictions in_92'A Holmes Gondy __.__._ S|uying CALBQFQiota?!! N.Y. hl;l!1§p theourt convictionppeals of threeglacbay u L en'--' 2 Muslims for the slayingof Mal- colm X, who wasshot whilePrk @- paringto address some 40010!-i _e_, lowers ina Manhattanballroom on Feb. 21, 1965. In a unanimous opinion, the; court heldthat theproof thi Q, the defendants participated ._~__.-.I-L the assassination of Malco X~ is abundant." The defend ts, om _Hay- er, No an 3X utler and I'I"hom%oYork d Black all Muslims, Newoi ll, had contendedthat exclusion ofE the news media and the public" from the courtroom duringa; 5.. small segment of the trial hidl deprived them oi their rights to. '1 The Washington Post public triaL { Times Herald in a The opinion, written by Asso-= -92-r ciate Judge Francis Bergen, The Washington Daily News cited several cases where the press and public had been ex- The EveningStar Washingto eluded from the Iris] and which The SundayStar Weshi.|1gt0'|f|'l '2 did not intringe on the defend- Daily News New York! __-Li__._ f .s. ants rights. I Sunday News New York! ii - u._-a-ngn M 'T,. Ir New York Post J? of The New York Times ' The Sun Baltimore! _...____ The Daily World_.i_i_i__ -Z*I{s'"' The New Leader The Wail Street Journal The National Observeriii, People's World . '5, if:-*2 0 U 5» Examiner______i Washington! . 11T92/|_-§_~J1:.92_ l _T__J .' I . APR 16 I959 . an = t Date _ _ _ __ l . II-5 , I I ' '--2!! . bi-

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