World Economic Forum on Africa Achieving Inclusive Growth Through Responsive and Responsible Leadership

Regional Agenda World Economic Forum on Africa Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership

Durban, South Africa 3-5 May 2017 Contents

3 Preface 4 Co-Chairs 5 The Meeting in Numbers 6 Durban Highlights 8 Framing Regional Priorities in the Global Context 14 Navigating the New Socio- Economic Reality 18 Driving the Inclusivity Agenda 27 Meeting Outcomes 28 Solutions Summit in Durban 32 Acknowledgements 33 Digital Update 34 Upcoming Meetings

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REF 080517 Preface

imperative to address the challenges with a record participation of more posed by a growing unemployed youth than 12 heads of state. It also population and climate change, among included strong representation from others. civil society, including more than 200 Social Entrepreneurs, Global Shapers As events around the world herald the and Young Global Leaders taking need for deep changes in governance part in the Solutions Summit ahead models, the impact of the headwinds of the meeting; and representatives for commodity-dependent countries from world-renowned international has also refocused attention on the organizations and institutions. urgency of economic diversification, revitalization of manufacturing and The Co-Chairs of the meeting in harnessing of human innovation to Durban reflect a diverse group of navigate the changing economic and leaders from both the public and Elsie S. Kanza Head of Regional Strategies - political landscape. These were just private sectors. I would like to thank Africa, Member of the Executive some of the issues discussed at the them for their support before and Committee, World Economic meeting in Durban, which took place during the meeting. I would also like to Forum under the theme, Achieving Inclusive thank the Government of South Africa Growth through Responsive and on behalf of the Forum for its great Responsible Leadership. support, and look forward to continuing this partnership into the future. The 27th World Economic Forum on In this context, participants at the Africa convened regional and global meeting explored the programme The Forum is grateful to its Members leaders to discuss need for leaders along three tracks: Framing Regional and communities for their ongoing to be responsive to the demands of Priorities in the Global Context; commitment to and participation in the the people who have entrusted them Navigating the New Socio-Economic World Economic Forum on Africa. We to lead, and to provide a vision and Reality; and Driving the Inclusivity look forward to welcoming you to next a way forward, as well as agreeing Agenda. They gained insight on the year’s gathering. on priorities that will help Africa share reasons behind increasing pressure its prosperity. The meeting offered from citizens seeking reassurance participants an opportunity to gain as the traditional global and regional insight into how best to prepare the balance of power shifts, and on region for the onset of the Fourth emerging uncertainties tied to rapid Industrial Revolution and its inherent changes from new technologies. disruption, and focused on strategic Building on the experience of mobile actions to achieve inclusive and phone technology, they discussed sustainable growth by fast-tracking how the region can move beyond market integration in Africa through incremental improvements to ground- industrial corridors. breaking change by leveraging the promise of the Fourth Industrial The economic growth forecast for Revolution. Participants debated Africa over the coming year is expected how the region can adapt faster to to be lower than the 5% average of the transform adversity into opportunity, past decade, largely due to the dip in especially by harnessing its young and commodity prices and the economic growing population. slowdown in China. Despite this mixed outlook, a number of countries The meeting saw over 1,000 leaders are growing above 6% per annum from business, government, civil and foreign direct investment inflows society, academia and the media, continue to rise. Overall, the divergence and over 100 government leaders of Africa’s economies makes it

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 3 Co-Chairs

Winnie Byanyima Executive Director Oxfam International, United Kingdom

Siyabonga Gama Group Chief Executive Officer Transnet, South Africa

Frédéric Lemoine Chairman of the Executive Board Wendel, France

Rich Lesser Global Chief Executive Officer and President Boston Consulting Group, USA

Ulrich Spiesshofer President and Chief Executive Officer ABB, Switzerland

4 World Economic Forum on Africa The Meeting in Numbers

277+ women leaders 1,000+ Participants from 100 countries

700+ Business leaders 110+ Government leaders 200+ Reporting press

50+ Media leaders 620 Organizations

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 5 Durban Highlights

African Competitiveness Preparing Africa’s Workforce for in the Spotlight Tomorrow’s Jobs

The ability of sub-Saharan Africa to generate enough A new report by the Forum, The Future of Jobs and Skills jobs for its growing population rests on the successful in Africa: Preparing the Region for the Fourth Industrial implementation of structural reforms to boost productivity. Revolution, aims to serve as a guide for leaders from business, This is the key finding of the World Economic Forum Africa government, civil society and the education sector. It finds Competitiveness Report 2017. The biennial report comes at that the region’s capacity to adapt to future job requirements a time when growth in most of the region’s economies has leaves little room for complacency. While a number of African been slowing following a decade of sustained growth, and economies are relatively underexposed to labour market is likely to stagnate in the absence of improvements in the disruptions, this is changing rapidly. The opportunity must be core conditions for competitiveness. However, Africa’s young, seized by the region’s leaders to prepare for tomorrow. dynamic population has the potential to lead an economic revival in the region, backed by targeted reforms in key areas, Key findings from the report, which includes new data from the report finds. Priority areas include: LinkedIn, are: − While it is predicted that 41% of all work activities in South Long term: Africa are susceptible to automation – as are 44% in − Strengthening institutions to enable faster and more Ethiopia, 46% in Nigeria and 52% in Kenya – the transition effective policy implementation to automation is likely moderated by comparatively low − Improving infrastructure to enable greater levels of trade labour costs and offset by job creation. Despite this and business growth opportunity, the region’s capacity to adapt to further job − Extending or Promoting adoption of technology disruption is a concern. − Developing the right skills to remain competitive in a − Employers across the region identify inadequately skilled rapidly changing global economic landscape workforces as a major constraint to their businesses, including 41% of firms in Tanzania and 30% in Kenya, Short term: while others say they feel less pressure (9% in South Africa − Prioritizing sector-specific reforms in labour-intensive and 6% in Nigeria). However, this pattern may worsen sectors such as agribusiness, construction and micro- across the region in the future. In South Africa alone, 39% enterprises of core skills required across occupations will be wholly − Targeting support for vulnerable regions and/or different by 2020. populations in fragile countries − The instability in skill availability often stems from the fact − Opening trade policies to foster regional economic that many jobs in the region are becoming more intense integration in their use of digital technologies. Average ICT intensity − Developing value-chain links to extractive sectors to of jobs in South Africa increased by 26% over the last encourage diversification in resource-rich countries decade, while 6.7% of all formal-sector employment in − Increasing housing construction through investment, Ghana and 18.4% of all formal-sector employment in better urban planning and less bureaucracy Kenya occurs in occupations with high ICT intensity. − The most common types of higher-skilled employment on Download the full report, highlights, summary, country profiles, the continent include business analysts, school teachers rankings and more at: www.weforum.org/acr and academics, commercial bankers, accountants, human resources, marketing and operations specialists, customer service specialists, advertising professionals, information technology workers and software and app developers, according to LinkedIn’s data.

Download the report here: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/ WEF_EGW_FOJ_Africa.pdf

6 World Economic Forum on Africa For session highlights, videos and meeting-related documents, plus Forum insights, visit https://toplink.weforum.org/

Social Entrepreneurs: Scale Your Africa’s Breakthrough Female Concept, Not Your Organization Tech Entrepreneurs

The Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship and the The Forum’s second annual search for Africa’s top women Bertha Centre for Social Innovation & Entrepreneurship at technology entrepreneurs uncovered a wealth of talent. It was the University of Cape Town Graduate School of Business initiated to demonstrate the positive role of women in driving launched a report on Beyond Organizational Scale: How growth, creating employment and preparing Africa for the Social Entrepreneurs Create Systems Change at the Solutions Fourth Industrial Revolution. All companies considered must Summit, which took place just ahead of the World Economic be less than three years old, with at least one year of revenue Forum on Africa. The report seeks to help practitioners and innovative technology or business model. The six winners understand what systems change means in the context of were invited to the World Economic Forum on Africa in Durban social entrepreneurship, how it is distinct from direct service or to contribute to discussions and generate action plans that “business-in-a-box” models and what it looks like in practice boost entrepreneurship in Africa. They are: – not as an abstract concept, but as a set of activities, processes and leadership lessons. The report was more than − Oluwayimika Angel Adelaja, Fresh Direct Nigeria, has pioneered stackable container farms that help a year in the making, and made possible by the support of the urban populations gain access to high-quality produce, Motsepe Foundation. reduce stress on land use and reduce the need to import vegetables. The stories profiled in the report follow six social entrepreneurs − Temie Giwa-Tubosun, LifeBank, Nigeria, delivers blood as their strategies evolved beyond organizational scale and other high-value medical products to hospitals and – extending the reach of a prescriptive, organizationally health centres using predictive modelling to ensure health designed solution to a problem – to systemic scale, with workers get the life-saving inputs. the goal of shifting the rules, norms and values that make − Esther Karwera, Akorion, Uganda, developed software up social systems. The report and accompanying in-depth that integrates smallholder farmers into digital value chains, case studies provide an opportunity for social entrepreneurs, helping them sell directly to agribusinesses. The company’s funders and policy-makers to begin sharing a common growth is supported by village-based providers, helping to language on systems change and generate momentum for address youth unemployment in rural areas. more systems-change strategies and approaches. − Darlene Menzies, FinFind, South Africa, helps SMEs and start-ups secure financing. The company has improved Read the report here: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_ entrepreneurs’ access to vital capital and helped lenders Schwab_Foundation_Systems_Report_2017.pdf identify a pipeline of quality loan leads. − Aisha Pandor, SweepSouth, South Africa, employs sophisticated algorithms to match its customers and “SweepStars”, creating flexible work opportunities and elevating the status of domestic cleaners in South African society. − Charity Wanjiku, Strauss Energy, Kenya, whose proprietary solar roofing tiles are undercutting conventional solar tiles by 30%. It recently completed a pilot project at a school where it was able to cut the power bill by 30%, ensure uninterrupted teaching of IT skills and provide students with captured rainwater for the school’s vegetable garden.

Read the press release here: https://www.weforum.org/ press/2017/05/world-economic-forum-selects-africa-s- breakthrough-female-tech-entrepreneurs-of-2017

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 7 Framing Regional Priorities in the Global Context

A Call to Action for Africa’s Leaders

Africa is feeling the winds of change from global developments and from within as growing youthful populations seek opportunity and transformation. African leaders themselves have to transform if they are to tackle this new, uncertain world.

Global leaders face challenging This will not be easy. Many countries. GDP growth in recent and uncertain times. It is of Africa’s leaders are ageing years has failed to address core becoming harder to predict and out of touch with the high problems of poverty, inequality, where the world is going and numbers of young people on the conflict and employment across what needs to be done. continent who feel disconnected most of Africa. from and even abandoned by Africa has not escaped the their leaders as they experience The success of the African uncertainties brought about by unemployment, poverty and lack Union’s Agenda 2063, the international developments. Low of opportunity in untransformed continent’s long-term vision for growth in major trading partners, economies. The fact that six out the next 50 years, depends commodity price swings and of 10 Africans are under the age on leaders working in a new political shifts in Europe and the of 25 means that it cannot be way; one that speaks to the United States are forcing the business as usual. needs of citizens and to broad- continent’s leaders to look at how based growth. However, the to survive these changes and Mediocre leadership and programme is compromised by even benefit from them. ineffective policies have a lack of shorter-term milestones undermined the competitiveness and goals that would drive the Africa now has a historic of the continent. The heavy hand performance of leaders along the opportunity to shift the trajectory of government regulation in new way. of its development; but, to industries such as technology do so, its leaders need to and mobile banking has Leaders have come under change. In Africa, as elsewhere, constrained potentially explosive greater scrutiny in recent years leaders need to design policies growth in these areas in some as technology has opened that enable and encourage entrepreneurship and respect the interests of all stakeholders, not just their shareholders or a “For us to move forward, we narrow political base. need that energy, we need that Building inclusive growth requires imagination that young people responsive and responsible bring.” leadership. Jacob G. Zuma President of the Republic of South Africa

8 World Economic Forum on Africa Framing Regional Priorities in the Global Context

Rich Lesser, Global Chief Executive Officer and President, Boston Consulting Group, USA; Winnie Byanyima, Executive Director, Oxfam International, United Kingdom; Siyabonga Gama, Group Chief Executive Officer, Transnet, South Africa; Frédéric Lemoine, Chairman of the Executive Board, Wendel, France; Ulrich Spiesshofer, President and Chief Executive Officer, ABB, Switzerland up access to information and policy. Public-private partnerships provided platforms for dissent. are being put in place to enable Many have responded by states to leverage the resources silencing angry voices. and capacity of the private sector to tackle Africa’s daunting But others have recognized challenges. But, the emphasis of the need for change and are job growth in the private sector responding by finding ways to is shifting from large companies “future proof” their countries in to small and medium-sized the face of the Fourth Industrial enterprises. “I refer to the words Revolution, climate change and of Madiba, Nelson the demand for sustainable Young entrepreneurs are energy. creating their own opportunities Mandela, because in an environment of growing he incorporated The urgent need for job joblessness, using innovation three core values: growth and, by extension, an and technology to address the improvement in the access to challenges they see around First, respect human and quality of education and skills them. They are even finding a dignity and diversity; development, is at the top of the niche in new business models second, serve the African growth agenda. in traditional areas, such as alternative energy, education community you belong Radical economic transformation and even recyling of goods and to more than your self- is driving dialogue in some waste. In some cases, they countries, notably South Africa, are providing models for other interests; and third, be where the ruling party is talking regions to replicate. a trustee for the future about elevating the concept into generations.”

Klaus Schwab Founder and Executive Chairman, “Africa’s business and political World Economic Forum leaders must build economies explicitly designed to end poverty and inequality.”

Winnie Byanyima Executive Director, Oxfam International, United Kingdom

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 9 But leaders have many hurdles to overcome to provide an ecosystem for both entrepreneurs and large companies to thrive. The operating environment in most countries remains difficult and expensive.

Trade is another area of concern. Political change in developed countries has created uncertainty in Africa’s markets, with potential threats to aid flows and preferential trade agreements.

While these have spurred leaders to think about how they can become more self-sufficient at home, progress has been slow, with intra-African trade sitting at below 20% of total trade. Time to Ramp up

Transport and industrial corridors exist, but most have not realized Africa’s Trade their potential due to under- investment and crippling tariff and non-tariff barriers. Energy Africa must overcome barriers to intra-African trade in order to shortages and poor trade policies have affected the growth of boost growth and build manufacturing capability. The continent’s manufacturing, meaning African trade is well below its potential, constrained by tariff and non- countries mostly continue to tariff barriers, a fragmentation of markets, and competition from export raw materials. cheaper subsidized imports from other regions.

Investment in infrastructure, both hard and soft, is necessary to National governments in Africa have been slow to implement build capacity in trade. Improving trade agreements and the Continental Free Trade Area is the ease of trade across this mired in complex negotiations. Exporters have to manage fragmented continent of 54 multiple trade regimes and requirements as they move goods countries in conjunction with between countries and to the ports because countries have deepening integration will be a not harmonized trade requirements across borders and within drawcard for new investment by companies eager to explore regional blocs. This has added to the cost and difficulty of trade, larger regional markets. deterring investment in export industries.

While leaders in Africa need to The UN Economic Commission for Africa maintains that transport rise to new challenges while costs in Africa represent about 70% of the value of exports, they simultaneously address old areas of dysfunction, they cannot compared to 20% in the rest of the world. do so alone. Leadership is not only required at a political level; Intra-African trade remains low – less than 20% of total trade – business and other stakeholders while the continent’s share of the global value chain is also low: also need to play their part in between just 2% and 2.5%. Its share of global manufacturing creating a new future for Africa. exports remains less than 1%, compared to more than 16% in East Asia.

10 World Economic Forum on Africa 01: Victoria Kisyombe, 01 02 Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Sero Lease and Finance (Selfina), Tanzania 02: Raksha Ramloll, Chairperson, National Youth Council of Mauritius 03: Aarti Takoordeen, Chief Financial Officer Johannesburg Stock Exchange; Miguel Azevedo, Head, Investment Banking, Africa (excl. South Africa and Egypt) and Portugal Citi, United Kingdom; Lynette Chen, Chief Executive Officer, NEPAD 04 Business Foundation, South Africa; Jerry Kweku Bedu-Addo, Chief Executive Officer-designate, 03 Standard Chartered Bank Ghana, Ghana 04: Edna Molewa, Minister of Environmental Affairs of South Africa 05: George Kronnisanyon Werner, Minister of Education of the Republic of Liberia 06: Obiageli Katryn Ezekwesili, Senior Economic Adviser and Public Policy Analyst, Africa Economic Policy Development Initiative, Nigeria 07: Cyril M. Ramaphosa, Deputy President of South 05 05 06 07 Africa 08: African-Led Health Systems 09: Nneka Mobisson, Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer, mDoc, South Africa 10: Building Trust through Sustainable Institutions

08 09

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 11 01: Edgar Chagwa Lungu, President of Zambia 01 02 03 02: Hlangusemphi Dlamini, Minister of Economic Planning and Development Office of H.M. the King of Swaziland 03: Tolu Oni, Associate Professor, Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa 04: Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman, World Economic Forum; Jacob G. Zuma, President of the Republic of South Africa 05: Amanda Archibong, Manager, Partnerships (ARC UNWFP), African Risk Capacity, South Africa 04 06: Jakaya M. Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005-2015) 07: Tony O. Elumelu, Chairman, UBA Group, Nigeria 08: Khadija Patel, Editor-in-Chief, Mail & Guardian, South Africa; Cleopa Mailu, Cabinet Secretary for Public Health of Kenya; Tolu Oni, Associate Professor, Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Ellen Agler, Chief Executive Officer, The END Fund, USA; Naveen Rao, Lead, MSD for Mothers, MSD, USA; Menassie Taddese, Regional President, Innovative Health, Africa and the Middle East, Pfizer, United Arab Emirates 09: James Mwangi, Executive Director, Dalberg, South Africa; Sylvain Couthier, Chairman, ATF Gaia, France; Tracey Gilmore, Co-Founder and Chief Operations Officer, The Clothing Bank, South Africa; Jesse Moore, Chief Executive Officer and Co- Founder, M-KOPA Solar, Kenya; Marlon Parker, 0507 08 06 Founder, Reconstructed Living Lab, South Africa; Pierre-Yves Pouliquen, Chief Executive Officer, Africa, Middle East, India, SUEZ, France; David Rozzio, Managing Director, Africa, HP, South Africa

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12 World Economic Forum on Africa 01: Rethinking the Growth Africa; Jasandra Nyker, 01 02 Myth session Chief Executive Officer, 02: Trevor Manuel, BioTherm Energy, South Chairman, Old Mutual Africa Emerging Markets, South 04: Africa Social Africa Entrepreneurs of the Year 03: Tonye Cole, Co- Award Ceremony Founder and Chief 05: Tokozile Xasa, Minister Executive Officer, Sahara of Tourism of South Africa Group, Nigeria; Baldwin 06: Partnering against Ngubane, Chairman, Corruption session Eskom Holdings, South Africa; Edith Kimani, News Anchor, Deutsche Welle, Germany; Macky Sall, President of Senegal; Jasandra Nyker, Chief Executive Officer, BioTherm Energy, South

07 05 06

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 13 Navigating the New Socio-Economic Reality

Youth and Technology Drive Urgency for Change

In the new context of global uncertainties, how can Africa drive its agenda of inclusive growth? There’s appetite and urgency for change, but success depends on tackling challenges with technology and backing responsible leaders.

Africa faces multiple challenges. Diversifying economies out of While low-grade jobs will be The usual suspects: corruption, natural resources is equally vital. automated, new technologies will famine, infectious disease and Africa needs to produce quality create more higher-paying jobs. the vast gap between rich and goods and services for export, African children need to learn the poor. But new risks are crowding rather than relying on imports. digital skills to capitalize on this in, including climate change, Governments need to prove that revolution. Training in particular non-communicable diseases and investments can work over time trades is old school. The focus the threat of being left behind and not be disrupted by political is now on transferable skills, by rapid technological change. instability and policy uncertainty. like how to write and pitch a Add in Africa’s burgeoning The priority is to steer investment business plan. Soft, “right brain” youth population – increasingly into labour-intensive industries, skills are important – as the world connected, impatient for change, since the continent creates 3 automates, the ability to connect yet ill-equipped to drive that million jobs a year, while 10 million with customers and colleagues is change – and the situation young people are joining the vital. becomes precarious. market annually.

The growing wealth gap risks Africa’s youth have been sparking social upheaval and clear in calling for leaders to demands a more inclusive path address exclusion, poverty and to growth. Africa has a vast unemployment; 70% are under indigenous market – mobilizing 30 and preparing them for work this is one route out of poverty. is a major challenge, especially Investing in infrastructure to speed since the majority of primary the movement of goods, people school children will be in jobs that and services across Africa is vital. don’t yet exist. Too many young Governments need to soften people leave school or university “We need to listen borders, remove visa barriers unemployable. to the African youth, and invest in airport infrastructure draw them into the rather than subsidizing national airlines. system and listen to their views.”

Malusi Gigab Minister of Finance of South Africa

14 World Economic Forum on Africa Navigating the New Socio-Economic Reality But it’s important not to forget the basics. The African Development Bank (AfDB) has called on Africans to concentrate on mastering science, technology, engineering and maths. With teacher absenteeism running at 60% in countries like Liberia, this is a serious challenge. New technologies can transform teaching – for example, providing teachers with lesson plans and feedback through networked tablets. Connecting every school to Wi-Fi would be transformational. Meanwhile, school curricula lag behind – they need redesigning with private- sector input.

To close the wealth gap, workers need to be healthy as well as From White Collar skilled. Progress has been made in tackling infectious diseases; and Blue Collar to but non-communicable diseases – such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer – are described as ‘New Collar’ a “coming explosion”. Health systems that prioritize curative, specialist care are expensive As the Fourth Industrial Revolution gathers pace, doesn’t more and exclusive. South Africa aims to replace theirs with technology mean fewer jobs, as more roles become automated? universal health coverage through While low-grade work such as administration may fall prey to primary healthcare, focusing AI, experts at the World Economic Forum on Africa argued on prevention of disease and that technology will lead to more work, not less. “Technology promotion of well-being. This will create new jobs that pay better than labour wages,” approach – along with increasing the number of community predicted Hamilton Ratshefola, Country General Manager of healthcare workers – will close the IBM Corporation, South Africa. IBM has coined the term “new health gap between rich and poor. collar” worker, referring to high school leavers who are digitally skilled and able to hack or develop apps. “We’re obsessed with But we can’t just leave health to university graduates,” said Ratshefola, “but we can train new- the doctors. Too often, patients collar jobs.” The company is investing $70 million in creating a return home to the conditions that made them sick in the first cloud-based learning platform, Digital Nation Africa, which aims place. That’s because the factors to provide free digital skills development for up to 25 million influencing health lie outside the African youths over the next five years. “We can never have health sector. Every government enough developers,” he said. Instead of outsourcing this work to department needs to include well- India, Africa should train its own youth in software development. being among its key performance indicators. Well-being is not just a health story – it’s a growth story.

Well-being is, tragically, a distant hope for the 20 million people currently suffering from famine across Nigeria, South Sudan, Somalia and Yemen, in what Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 15 the UN is calling the largest “We can see the links, but humanitarian crisis in its history. A combination of drought and policy-makers don’t – we need conflict has driven a disaster to bridge that gap.” that was both predictable and preventable. Three things need to happen urgently: African Rapelang Rabana governments must persuade Founder of Rekindle Learning, Botswana fighters to stop fighting; rich countries must stop supplying weapons; and donors need to deliver the 74% of the $4.4 billion aid budget that remains Rwanda has mainstreamed green digitized payment systems drive unfunded. development into its economic transparency. strategy. It’s investing heavily in Climate change impacts Africa renewables – with a target of Corruption is corrosive and more than any other continent, 22% by 2018. Crucially, there’s dangerous because it drives – but it brings opportunities for a strong focus on accountability: and is driven by – inequalities of growth – especially in energy. public officials have to sign wealth and power. If politicians fail Currently, 600 million Africans performance contracts that to tackle corruption, people grow lack access to electricity, yet specify targets and time frames cynical and turn to populism. the continent has the potential for delivery. Trust is hard to win and quick to generate 10 terawatts a year, to lose. To succeed in driving mainly from renewables. The Accountability of leaders is top inclusive growth, Africa’s political AfDB has allocated $12 billion priority. Many young Africans and business leaders must clean over the next five years to push don’t trust their leaders to chart up their act, give young people a countries towards a low-carbon, a path to inclusive growth. The voice in decision-making, and act climate-resilient pathway. poison of corruption spreads as role models for society. through both public and private Kenya’s 300MW Lake Turkana sectors. A glance at Transparency wind-power installation is a International’s index reveals Africa transformational project. Solar in deep orange – the most corrupt power is one-quarter of the cost end of the scale. it was four years ago. By 2030, solar will create three times Corruption wastes $1 billion a more jobs than fossil fuel. The year that could be spent growing private sector is raring to go, the economy. Half the income of but is frustrated by outdated Sierra Leone’s poorest citizens regulations. Government and goes to bribes. Politicians business must cooperate on new and CEOs have a role to play. policies that fit the new reality Stronger legal sanctions are – especially to deliver electricity needed for the guilty. Businesses off-grid, which is the most cost- need to scrutinize their supply effective way to get power to the chains. Technology plays a role – people. “The energy and the strength of young “The continent needs to look people in Africa are a at helping itself – to look for compelling cause for African solutions for African optimism.” problems.” Rich Lesser Siyabonga Gama Global Chief Executive Officer and President, Group Chief Executive Officer, Transnet, South Africa The Boston Consulting Group, USA

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01: Amar Ali, Chief Director, eGovlab, 05 Executive Officer, Africa Stockholm University, Improved Foods (Holding), Sweden Rwanda 04: Forest Whitaker, 02: Kanini Mutooni, UNESCO Special Envoy Director, Investment, for Peace; Social Activist, USAID East Africa Trade Whitaker Peace & and Investment Hub, Development Initiative, Kenya; Edgar Chagwa USA Lungu, President of 05: Beatrice Marshall, Zambia; Tharman TV Anchor, China Global Shanmugaratnam, Television Network Deputy Prime Minister (CGTN), Kenya; Saara and Coordinating Minister Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, for Economic and Social Prime Minister of Namibia; Policies of Singapore; Siyabonga Gama, Group Amanda Archibong, Chief Executive Officer, Manager, Partnerships Transnet, South Africa; (ARC UNWFP), African Johan C. Aurik, Global Risk Capacity, South Managing Partner and Africa; Benedict Oramah, 10 Chairman of the Board, 09 President, African Export- A.T. Kearney, United Import Bank (Afreximbank), Kingdom; Michael Druce, Cairo; Yonov Frederick President, Africa, UPS, Agah, Deputy Director- South Africa General, World Trade 06: Tiburce Chaffa, Organization (WTO), Founder and Chief Geneva Executive Officer, KYMA 03: Blair Glencorse, Ventures, Benin, in a Founder and session on Africa 4.0: Executive Director, The Designing African Futures Accountability Lab, USA; Demetrios Marantis, Senior Vice-President, Global Government Relations, Visa, USA; Lindiwe Mazibuko, Leader of the Opposition, Parliament of South Africa (2011-2014); Young Global Leader; Oscar Onyema, Chief Executive Officer, Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), Nigeria; Vasilis Koulolias, 06

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 17 Driving the Inclusivity Agenda

Let’s Learn from the Future, Not the Past

In a dramatically changed world, Africa faces new, urgent realities. Prevailing poor political leadership and failed policies will not cut it in a tougher global climate. Decisive action to place the continent on a path of inclusive growth is the only way forward.

Africa is at a crossroads. If M. Ramaphosa, Deputy President The continent demonstrated it is to escape poverty and of South Africa, in his closing its hunger for transformative underdevelopment the road it address to participants, declaring: technology and its innovative chooses must surely be one of “We must act now to develop our capacity with mobile inclusive growth, of harnessing human capacity.” telecommunications, the the continent’s vast human and trailblazer of the Fourth Industrial resource potential to bring about Africa has a singular window of Revolution. dramatic transformation. But that opportunity to achieve inclusive path requires leadership, hard growth with the dawning of the It can do the same with newer work and courage. It might be Fourth Industrial Revolution – the technologies – genetic medicines, easier to take the low road and do rapid emergence and merging of robotics, digital transacting. These the same old things. new technologies in the physical, things will be valuable tools, but digital and biological worlds that their genius can also stimulate We know where that leads, so a will fundamentally change the way new thinking in many spheres, call to urgent action was sounded humans live. such as the smarter design of at the World Economic Forum on cities, the recycling of human Africa in Durban – typified by Cyril waste into fertilizer or biofuel, and

“Poverty, inequality and unemployment need to be addressed at the same time as we move forward with technology innovations.”

Lindiwe Zulu Minister of Small Business Development of South Africa

18 World Economic Forum on Africa Driving the Inclusivity Agenda “If the gap between the rich and poor is increasing, we will face major political drama.”

Wolfgang Schäuble Federal Minister of Finance of Germany

enhanced agricultural output – all emphasized how education is domestic workers to the people areas where clever solutions are at the heart of inclusive growth who need their services – its already popping up. and that a radical rethinking of biggest problem is the cost of educational models is required data in the country; In Nigeria, The foundation of inclusive growth – with the express aim of hydroponic agriculture in shipping is financial inclusion, drawing embracing opportunities of the containers in urban areas is everyone into economies so Fourth Industrial Revolution. facilitated by young entrepreneurs they can share in the wealth of who use digital skills in areas of countries and regions. Mobile and If the bases of smart education funding and marketing; and a digital platforms have made this and financial inclusion are matchmaking platform for small possible and, in just a decade, covered, Africa has the potential and medium-sized entrepreneurs many millions more people have to become the new digital and funders – “A Tinder for SMEs bank accounts, are transferring innovation hub of the world. and lenders”. This business has money at the touch of a button, Just as South Korea copied and built up a significant database of and buying and selling goods supplanted Japan as the world’s entrepreneurs and their activities online. leading innovator, and was in and has identfied clear gaps in turn succeeded by China, Africa the sector, which government and This transformation is being now has access to the world’s financial institutions can help to fill. speeded up, for example by most advanced technologies government policies to pay social and, significantly, also has the From such down-to-earth efforts benefits through online bank developmental challenges that are to outer space: Several countries accounts, which are opened the mother of invention. are collaborating to develop free of charge. Tanzania, where a space industry, with South more than 70% of the economy It is a promising starting point Africa, Kenya, Nigeria and Algeria was once cash-based, recently for an envisioned transition from working on the Africa Earth brought 30,000 cashew nut Africa 1.0 to Africa 4.0. Observation satellite constellation, farmers to online banking to which will allow swifter responses receive government payment for Huge roll-outs of new to climate change or illegal fishing their produce. Similar initiatives technologies – from drones to or deforestation, not to mention are driven by private-sector robotics to automated vehicles universal digital connectivity. banks, which venture into remote – are happening and Africa can rural villages to demonstrate the build on these. The bright young ease and advantages of digital minds to do so are emerging, transacting. In Nigeria, the old, and among the innovators formal banking sector attracted showcasing their enterprises seven million clients over 23 are the following: A platform years, but this number has for connecting South African doubled in just two years thanks to digital. “Encouraging entrepreneurs is

The greatest challenge to critical because their efforts have inclusion through digital is a a significant multiplier effect.” widespread lack of financial literacy – or, indeed, basic literacy – so educational step- Tony Elumelu ups are required, Ramaphosa Chairman of UBA Group, Nigeria

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 19 Despite such far-sighted ambitions and the recognition Just Make It Happen by many governments of the importance of science, Africa’s scientific capacity is sadly lacking. The ratio of science graduates on the continent is three times Innovation is a conviction that something should be better. It sees less than the global average the future. However, rules and regulations, by their nature, deal and there are yawning gaps in with the here and now and lessons of the past. And they can scientific leadership, standards measurement, and institutions. stifle new ideas by restricting what people can do. On the cusp of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the issues of regulation and In South Africa, a drive to government policy are hot topics. popularize science, to “make it sexy” for young people, has been An “enabling” environment to encourage innovation is essential, launched, with street marches and science lab demonstrations but so are safeguards for consumers and interventions to in public spaces. Another idea guarantee inclusiveness. Currently, the pace of technological is for top scientists to be given advance is far outpacing regulatory efforts. In South Africa, the teaching sabaticals at schools to government’s “legacy” regulation and the lack of enabling policy help impart their passion for the has been described as a “handbrake” on company start-ups. discipline. Elsewhere, heavy-handed legislation has held back internet Ideas and intentions are one banking significantly. thing, implementation another – as Africa has seen to its cost over The huge success of the M-Pesa mobile-phone-based money decades. This time things have transfer system in Kenya is often attributed to the fact that there got to be different and it is up to were few existing rules to govern it. This strengthens the call for Africa’s leaders to make sure they are – as Ramaphosa pointedly a light regulatory touch. Provide a fertile environment, a set of stated. tools and set the innovators free, say some. There’s more to it than that – most notably the financing of new initiatives, which still needs much re-engineering in the cause of inclusiveness and encouragement.

There is an obvious argument for official intellectual property protection, with grey areas seeing inventors being taken advantage of by large corporations; even having ideas stolen outright with no legal recourse.

“We must lead The key for governments – and for financiers – is to change with respect their thinking to recognize innovation and entrepreneurship not and dignity. We as fringe activities, but frontrunners, lighting the way forward for Africa. All policy and decisions should have enablement at their are trustees heart. and guardians of the continent for future generations.”

Cyril M. Ramaphosa Deputy President of South Africa

20 World Economic Forum on Africa 01: Rapelang Rabana, 01 Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Rekindle Learning, South Africa; Jeff Radebe, Minister in the Presidency for Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation of South Africa; Jennifer Blanke, Vice-President, Agriculture, Human and Social Development, African Development Bank Group, Abidjan 02: Cleopa Mailu, Cabinet Secretary for Public Health 02 of Kenya 03: Dave Duarte, Chief Executive Officer, 04 Treeshake, South Africa; Ade Ayeyemi, Group Chief Executive Officer, Ecobank Transnational; Janet Longmore, 03 Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Digital Opportunity Trust (DOT), Canada; Raghu Malhotra, President, Middle East and Africa, Mastercard, United Arab Emirates; Onica Makwakwa, Africa Regional Coordinator, Alliance for Affordable Internet, World Wide Web Foundation, USA 04: Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, President of Uganda 05: Van Jones, Co- Founder, Hello Tractor, Nigeria 05 06 07 06: Susan Mashibe, President and Chief Executive Officer, VIA Aviation, Tanzania 07: Claver Gatete, Minister of Finance and Economic Planning of Rwanda 08: Rethinking the Growth Myth 09: Bronwyn Nielsen, Editor-in-Chief and Executive Director, CNBC Africa, South Africa; Malusi Gigaba, Minister of Finance of South Africa 10: New Solutions: Education for All

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 21 01: Anant Singh, Producer, Videovision Entertainment, 01 02 South Africa 02: Issue Briefing Famine Crisis 03: Yabebal Fantaye, Chair, Cosmology and Astrophysics Research, African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, South Africa 04: Agenda 2063 Infrastructure Update 05: Jeff Radebe, Minister in the Presidency for 03 Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation of South Africa 04 05 06: Thomas Kariuki, Director, African Academy of Sciences, Kenya 07: Saara Kuugongelwa- Amadhila, Prime Minister of Namibia 08: Nicolaas Kruger, Chief Executive Officer, MMI, South Africa 09: Joe Parkinson, Bureau Chief, Africa, Wall Street Journal, United Kingdom; Claver Gatete, Minister of Finance and Economic Planning of Rwanda; Lesetja 06 07 08 Kganyago, Governor of the South Africa Reserve Bank (SARB); Amadou Hott, Vice-President, Power, Energy, Climate and Green Growth, African Development Bank (AfDB), Abidjan; Landry Signe, Distinguished Fellow, Center for African Studies, Stanford University, USA 10: Nena Stoiljkovic, Vice- President, Blended Finance and Partnerships, International Finance Corporation, Washington _VL_8932.jpg DC 09 11: Jabu A. Mabuza, Chairman, Telkom Group, South Africa 12: Carlos Poñe, Chief Executive Officer, Africa, AECOM, USA 13: Susan Mboya, President, The Coca-Cola Africa Foundation; Group Director, Women’s Economic Empowerment, Eurasia and Africa, The Coca-Cola Company, Kenya

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01: Geoffrey Qhena, Chief Executive Officer, 08 Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa (IDC), South Africa 02: Mmamoloko Nkhensani Kubayi, Minister of Energy of South Africa 03: Discover Smart Tractors for Smallholder Farmers 04: Kanini Mutooni, Director, Investment, USAID East Africa Trade and Investment Hub, Kenya 05: Yonov Frederick Agah, Deputy Director- General, World Trade Organization (WTO), Geneva 06: Oscar Onyema, Chief Executive Officer, Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), Nigeria 07: Gillian Caldwell, Chief 09 Executive Officer, Global Witness, United Kingdom 08: Malusi Gigaba, Minister of Finance of South Africa, Ulrich Spiesshofer, President and Chief Executive Officer, ABB, Switzerland, and Frédéric Lemoine, Chairman of the Executive Board, Wendel, France, Wolfgang Schäuble, Federal Minister of Finance of Germany 09: Larry Madowo, Technology Edtor and News Anchor, NTV, Kenya; Lindiwe Zulu, Minister of Small Business Development of South Africa; Caroline Atkinson, Head, Global Policy, Google, USA; Kevin Taylor, President, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Africa and Turkey, BT, Hong Kong, SAR Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 23 01

01: Bonney Tunya, Associate Professor, 03 04 05 Anchor, East Africa, Division of Public Health CNBC Africa, South Medicine, School of Africa; Thomas Kariuki, Public Health, University Director, African Academy of Cape Town, South of Sciences, Kenya; Africa Rodger Voorhies, 02: Eleni Giokos, Business Executive Director, Global Correspondent, CNN Development, Bill International, South Africa; & Melinda Gates Uzoma Dozie, Group Foundation, USA; Managing Director and Quarraisha Abdool Chief Executive Officer, Karim, Professor of Diamond Bank, Nigeria; Epidemiology, Columbia Stephen van Coller, Vice- University, USA; Iqbal President, Digital Survé, Executive Services, Data Chairman, Sekunjalo, Analytics and Business South Africa; Tolu Oni, Development, MTN Group, South Africa; Ineke Bussemaker, Chief 0609 10 Executive Officer, National Microfinance Bank (NMB), Tanzania; Aisha Pandor, Chief Executive Officer SweepSouth, South Africa; Darlene Menzies, Chief Executive Officer Finfind, South Africa 03: Lynette Chen, Chief Executive Officer, NEPAD Business Foundation, South Africa 04: Rodger Voorhies, Executive Director, Global Development, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA 05: Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Professor of Epidemiology, Columbia University, USA 06: Africa’s Unicorn Effect

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01: Rob Davies, Minister 05: Aaron Motsoaledi, 09: Yosef Akhtman, 09 10 of Trade and Industry Minister of Health of Founder and Chief Ministry of Trade and South Africa Executive Officer, Industry of South Africa 06: Grace Naledi Mandisa Gamaya, Switzerland 02: Ciiru Waweru Pandor, Minister of 10: Ellen Agler, Chief Waithaka, Chief Executive Science and Technology Executive Officer, The Officer, FunKidz, Kenya of South Africa END Fund, USA 03: Elijah Djan, 07: Lynne Brown, Minister Entrepreneur, Sea Africa, of Public Enterprises South Africa Ministry of Public 04: Tharman Enterprises of South Shanmugaratnam, Africa Deputy Prime Minister 08: Siyabonga and Coordinating Minister Cwele, Minister of for Economic and Social Telecommunications and Policies of Singapore Postal Services of South Africa

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 25 01

01: Networking Area 02: Closing Performance

26 World Economic Forum on Africa Meeting Outcomes Some of the key outcomes of the meeting include:

– The World Economic Forum Africa Competitiveness Report 2017 was launched in Durban, and finds that the ability of sub-Saharan Africa to generate enough jobs for its growing population rests on the successful implementation of structural reforms to boost productivity. – The central banks of Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania expressed their intent to partner with the World Economic Forum in an effort to expand access and usage of financial services. The initiative aims to bring together a coalition of local and international organizations to catalyse investment and collective action towards building an inclusive financial system that promotes sustainable economic growth in the region. – Six of the top female technology entrepreneurs were winners of the Forum’s second annual search for the top women in technology. They were invited to the World Economic Forum on Africa in Durban to discuss and generate action plans to boost entrepreneurship in Africa. They are: Temie Giwa-Tubosun of LifeBank; Esther Karwera of Akorion; Darlene Menzies of FinFind; Aisha Pandor of SweepSouth; and Charity Wanjiku of Strauss Energy. – The Future of Jobs and Skills in Africa: Preparing the Region for the Fourth Industrial Revolution, aims to serve as a guide for leaders from business, government, civil society and the education sector. Launched in Durban, it finds that the region’s capacity to adapt to future job requirements leaves little room for complacency. – Leaders of four African countries – Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda and Senegal – joined with private- sector executives and other stakeholders to recommit to mobilizing investment in agriculture through the Grow Africa partnership platform, which to date has mobilized $10.5 billion, of which $2.3 billion has been realized, reaching over 10 million smallholder farmers. – The Durban Agreement on Open Africa was reached at a meeting of the Africa50 Global Shapers at the Transnet Port Authority in Durban on 5 May 2017. The Durban Agreement was launched after #ShapingAfrica conversations at the 2017 World Economic Forum on Africa. It aims to make a case for an open and border-free Africa by fostering cultural understanding and economic integration. Over the coming year, the Durban Hub Global Shapers will power the Uhuru (“Freedom”) Bus, driving from Hub to Hub across the continent. While on this tour, they will engage with local youth and policy-makers in multistakeholder activities that allow youth to voice their vision of a united Africa. – The Solutions Summit brought together 200 members of the Forum’s Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship, Young Global Leaders and Global Shaper communities to discuss ways of scaling their impact. – The South African government partnered with the World Economic Forum Internet for All project to accelerate the connection to the internet of 23 million additional South Africans by 2020. – The Africa Skills Initiative agreed to make business commitments in six vital areas: large-scale internships and apprenticeships at all skill levels; developing future-ready curricula; foundational education delivery; retraining for unemployed youth; research and development collaboration with universities; and expanding basic IT fluency to reach 1 million people by January 2018. – Business leaders from the Partnering Against Corruption Initiative (PACI) and a number of African governments have agreed to create a pan-African network to carve out a strategic response to address corruption. – The Africa Regional Business Council, comprised of leading African and Global business leaders, committed to achieving inclusive growth through responsive and responsible leadership by focusing on four key deliverables: scaling technical and professional skills development initiatives; scaling employment and entrepreneurship initiatives; expanding local value addition; and developing SMEs in regional value chains as well as global supply chains. – Siemens, a Strategic Partner of the World Economic Forum, entered into a partnership with Uganda, Ghana and Sudan to assist in the areas in power supply, transport and healthcare.

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 27 Solutions Summit in Durban

Leading innovators and social among other dimensions. Over Durban energized, inspired and entrepreneurs from every region the two-and-a-half days of the dedicated to improving the state of the world gathered in Durban summit, participants shared of the world. for the Solutions Summit, hosted common challenges, explored by the Schwab Foundation for the leadership skills necessary Learn about the Schwab Social Entrepreneurship and to have greater impact – like Foundation: http://www. the Motsepe Foundation. Under assembling strong management schwabfound.org/ the theme Scaling What Works, teams, board governance and More about the Solutions 200 exceptional change-makers replication strategies – and Summit: https://www. from 40 countries – including 25 debated how technology will facebook.com/schwabfound/ African countries – convened to fundamentally disrupt the future videos/10154799350883043/ accelerate adoption of proven of work. Facebook Live: https://www. models for social impact. facebook.com/schwabfound/ Just as importantly, participants videos/10154807614673043/ Collectively, the Schwab shared their personal experience Foundation network reaches as entrepreneurs – their trials, hundreds of millions of people tribulations, successes and with tried-and-tested solutions enthusiasm. By sharing their in education, healthcare, stories, social entrepreneurs livelihood, water and housing, grow stronger. They left

“It is important for government and business leaders to listen to social entrepreneurs and understand how their solutions can be scaled, because the benefits for society are tremendous.”

Hilde Schwab Chairperson and Co-Founder, Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship

28 World Economic Forum on Africa Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 29 30 World Economic Forum on Africa Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 31 Acknowledgements

The World Economic Forum would like Strategic Partners Transnet to thank its Partners for their valuable UPL Limited support of the World Economic Forum A.T. Kearney Wendel on Africa. ABB Accenture African Rainbow Minerals Partnerships Agility AUDI AG African Development Bank Group Boston Consulting Group American Tower Corporation BT AngloGold Ashanti Citi Baker & McKenzie Credit Suisse Barclays Africa Group Dangote Group Development Bank of Southern Africa Deloitte Ecobank Transnational The Dow Chemical Company FTI Consulting Ericsson Indus Group EY Industrial Development Corporation of South GE Africa Goldman Sachs Investec Asset Management Google MTN Group Heidrick & Struggles Naspers Hitachi Oando Huawei Technologies Prudential IBM Sanofi JLL Sasol Kudelski Group Sekunjalo Investment Holdings Marsh & McLennan Companies (MMC) Standard Bank Group Mastercard Telkom McKinsey & Company United Bank for Africa (UBA) Microsoft Corporation Mitsubishi Corporation Morgan Stanley Associates MSD Novartis African Export-Import Bank (Afrexim Bank) Old Mutual Export Credit Insurance Corporation of Omnicom Group South Africa (ECIC) Pfizer MMI Procter & Gamble Orion Group SA Publicis Groupe Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe PwC Public Investment Corporation (PIC) Royal DSM Rand Merchant Bank Standard Chartered Bank Swiss Re Thomson Reuters Host Broadcaster Visa Inc. CNBC Africa

Strategic Foundation Partners

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation Wellcome Trust

Strategic Partnership Associates

Eskom Holdings GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Hinduja Group of Companies Johnson & Johnson Puma Energy SAP Toshiba Corporation

32 World Economic Forum on Africa Digital Update Contributors

The event page of the World Elsie S. Kanza, Head of Regional Economic Forum on Africa provides Strategies – Africa, Member of the more information from the meeting, Executive Committee including photographs, press releases, social media and webcasts of selected The report was written by Dianna sessions. Games, Michael Moon and Jonathan Walter. The Forum would also like to http://wef.ch/af17 thank summary writers Kim Cloete and Lyse Comins for their work at the World Economic Forum on Africa.

Editing and Production Janet Hill, Editor Kamal Kamaoui, Head of Production and Design

Photographers Greg Beadle Jacob Polacsek Benedikt Von Loebell

This report is also available to download: http://wef.ch/af17report

Achieving Inclusive Growth through Responsive and Responsible Leadership 33 Upcoming Meetings

World Economic Forum on ASEAN Phnom Penh, Cambodia 10-12 May 2017

In 2017, ASEAN celebrates 50 years of deepening unity and rising wealth. The path ahead may bring another 50 years of prosperity, but only if the bloc can harness its inherent strengths and navigate its challenges. ASEAN has 630 million people, of whom more than half are under the age of 30. This promises a powerful demographic dividend that will drive high rates of economic growth for years to come. Just as important, the Fourth Industrial Revolution has the potential to deliver a potent digital dividend. But, progress is needed in education, entrepreneurship, digital regulation, cross-border trade, governance and much else. This meeting will be an ideal platform for senior decision-makers from a range of sectors to facilitate greater collaboration between industry, government and civil society, and to work on shaping the brightest future for the region’s young. For more information, email: [email protected].

World Economic Forum on the Middle East and North Africa Dead Sea, Jordan 19-21 May 2017

The meeting will take place in the context of growing economic reform efforts in the region, as well as shifting investment and trade priorities. It aims to address continued geopolitical shifts and humanitarian challenges by supporting multistakeholder dialogue on the situation in Syria, Iraq and Libya, and the ongoing refugee crisis. Top decision-makers from Gulf Cooperation Council countries, the Levant and North Africa, as well as key international stakeholders, will explore the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution – a new era in the global economy promising huge opportunities, resulting from the convergence of digital information and technological advancements in various economic fields. Participants will examine how new technologies can be harnessed to create employment, encourage entrepreneurism and drive inclusive growth, especially in this region with a very young population. For more information, email: [email protected]

Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2017 Dalian, People’s Republic of China 27-29 June

Established in 2007 as the foremost global gathering on science, technology and innovation, the Annual Meeting of the New Champions convenes the next generation of fast-growing enterprises shaping the future of business and society, and leaders from major multinationals, government, media, academia and civil society. Join a community of nearly 2,000 participants from 90 countries on in Dalian, People’s Republic of China, for a true global experience that addresses today’s intertwined global challenges – economic, political, societal and environmental. For more information, email: [email protected]

For a full list of upcoming meetings, visit the World Economic Forum’s website: www.weforum.org

34 World Economic Forum on Africa

The World Economic Forum, committed to improving the state of the world, is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.

The Forum engages the foremost political, business and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.

World Economic Forum 91–93 route de la Capite CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva Switzerland Tel.: +41 (0) 22 869 1212 Fax: +41 (0) 22 786 2744 [email protected] www.weforum.org