BOWTHORPE CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL NUMBER 11 OCTOBER 2013 CONSERVATION AREAS IN :

1. CITY CENTRE

2. BRACONDALE Riv er Wen su 3. NEWMARKET ROAD m 4. HEIGHAM GROVE 5. THORPE ST ANDREW 6. SEWELL 7. EATON A147 8. MILLGATE

9. EARLHAM B1108

e Yar 10.OLD LAKENHAM A140 er Riv 11. Yare 12.MILE CROSS River

47 13.THORPE HAMLET A 14.THORPE RIDGE

A140 15.UNTHANK & CHRISTCHURCH 16.HELLESDON VILLAGE 17.ST MATTHEW’S

PAGE 2 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE CONTENTS:

INTRODUCTION MANAGEMENT AND 04 ENHANCEMENT HISTORIC 27 DEVELOPMENT FURTHER READING 07 31 URBAN DESIGN AND LISTED BUILDINGS STREETSCAPE REGISTER 15 31 ARCHITECTURE LOCAL LIST REGISTER 19 31 NATURAL CHARACTER

23 Front cover: History Wall by Tim Weatherstone

PAGE 3 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE INTRODUCTION

Bowthorpe was designated a conservation area on 6 December 1983. The area lies to the west of the city and currently covers 6.9 hectares (16.9 acres). Bowthorpe Hall by Aaron Kelly

The appraisal assesses the character Policies in the site allocations and of Clover Hill to the north-east, and appearance of the Bowthorpe development management policies Chapel Break to the north-west, conservation area and includes plans will replace the policies of the and Three Score to the south and proposals for its management and 2004 local plan once adopted – east. The population of the wider enhancement. This is in line with this is expected mid 2014. Bowthorpe settlement area is sections 69 and 71 of the Planning currently approximately 15,000. (Listed Building and Conservation Bowthorpe is a relatively small Areas) Act 1990. conservation area centred on and The historic buildings and characterised by the historic buildings parkland that constitute the The appraisal was subject to of Bowthorpe Church and Bowthorpe conservation area provide an public consultation during July 2013 Hall, with the wider parkland of important link to the historic and was approved by the city council’s Bowthorpe Hall to the east. settlement and its rural past. cabinet on 9 October 2013. It should Additional community facilities be read in conjunction with national Since the 1970s the fields that such as the Worship Centre, policy advice on the historic surround the settlement have been community garden, and community environment set out in the National extensively redeveloped as a new workshops in former agricultural Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and residential suburb of Norwich. The buildings, mean that the area is still with adopted and emerging local new settlement has been planned very much at the centre and heart planning policies for Norwich. around the three new ‘village centres’ of the wider local community.

PAGE 4 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE The area can be divided into three “Summer Sanctuary” by Sean Chard separate character areas: Bowthorpe Hall and its curtilage within the historic Afternoon sun on my back, I amble along a grey and pitted boundary wall (sub area A); the church, path –soft breezes fan hedgerows, estate cottages and farm outbuildings trees whisper with distant crowds. to the west of the hall, (it is proposed The sweet air of mid-summer joins me to extend the boundary to include the Like warmed honey and torn grass. adjacent lane); and parkland and open I swim in a sea of undulating space to the south and east (sub area C.) pasture which swells with hues of iridescent green and gold. The south-west corner of the Three fluorescent darts clip the conservation area is proposed to be tops – small flashes of light deleted because it has been developed above brushes of meadow. with modern housing and therefore Azaria and ‘Honey’ listening in by Sally Simpson Blazes of sapphire chasing feels different in character from the colonies of tiny insects, their rest of the conservation area. A small cream-buff bellies exposed in area has also been included to the cut throat turns – they break from formation north-west to include all of the lane to rise high in soft curves, to the west of the Worship Centre, feeding on shoals from out of the sun. the cottages and the workshops. I watch the dance climb upwards, winged performers free-fall and The houses no longer in the Skim corridors of pasture, conservation area are 20 to 43 feeding on-the-wing, flitting Tolye Road. back and forth, circling in graceful turns – a circus of acrobats.

Their rambling warbles and hums Of contentment tumble down As I stroll past nettles and docks, Afternoon sun on my back and This mid-summer memory of Bowthorpe’s trail stays with me.

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CONSERVATION AREA MAP

PAGE 6 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT

Bowthorpe has its origins as a manorial settlement dating back to the Domesday Survey and earlier. The surviving historic buildings provide an important historic link to the social history of the village, in particular the remnants of the feudal farming system and historic connections between the landowning family and Catholicism in the 16th and 17th centuries. During the 18th and 19th centuries the hall became a commercial farmstead, and for much of the later 20th century, was well known as the Bell Language School. The school moved out in 2006, and the hall has subsequently been used as offices. The rural isolation of the settlement changed dramatically during the 1970s and 1980s when the surrounding fields were acquired and earmarked for development as a new settlement, becoming the largest planned urban extension to Norwich.

The settlement of Bowthorpe has The name ‘Boethorp’ is derived from the Following the Conquest, the land an established history dating back old Norse words ‘Boge’ or ‘Bok’ meaning around Bowthorpe became Crown to pre-conquest times. The name curve, and Anglo-Saxon ‘Thorpe’ or the land, and was handed down Bowthorpe derives from the word Danish ‘Torp’ which means a village or through a succession of manorial ‘Boethorp’, a mixture of Saxon and small collection of houses. families, including the Peverells Viking words. Archaeological digs and Leyhams. have discovered Saxon coins and a Bronze Age burials were found near the brooch dating back to 700-800 AD. water tower in Chapel Break and this is The Domesday Survey states that there thought to be the location of an earlier were fourteen tax paying men living The hamlet is recorded in 1086 in the settlement. Various Roman coins have in the settlement (along with their Domesday Survey as ‘Boethorp’ being also been found in the area indicating wives and children). Ten of these were held by Hakene, a Saxon, although the that a track once crossed the area from ‘villeins’ and three serfs. ‘Villein’ was name is likely to be a derivative of the Dereham Road through to the ford at the name given to the lowest order of Old Norse, or Viking name, ‘Hákon’. Colney, and onto . serf, effectively tied to labouring on

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In 1420 the lands were sold to the College of St Mary In the Fields (the ‘Chapel-in-the-fields’). St. Mary’s was built on the site of the Assembly House, and parts of it survive in the fabric. Its lands reached as far as the city wall, and included Chapelfield Gardens, hence its name.

De-population of the settlement occurred toward the end of the 15th and 16th centuries due to the earlier acts of enclosure, where wealthier and more prosperous farmers began Robert Ladbroke’s drawing of St Michael and All Angels c1850 (© County Council) to enforce the enclosure of common land. In 1577 it was reported that the land under the Lord of the manor labour caused by the plaques such 66 acres had been enclosed at and not allowed to leave the village as the Black Death made tied Bowthorpe, 44 acres of which had without permission (so not much agricultural labouring impractical. been converted to grain, and that better than slavery). The survey records Elements of the manorial practise two houses had become derelict. two plough teams operating the of farming however remained and Crown land, held as part of the royal formed the basis of landowning The oldest building in the estate, and two teams working the and farming in some cases into settlement is the church of St tenanted land, held by the Lord of the the 20th century. Michael and All Angels, now a manor. There was a pannage (an area ruin, which was first recorded and for free range rearing of pigs) for 16 Bowthorpe was on the list of consecrated in 1304. Much of the hogs, and 10 acres of meadow, one settlements qualifying for relief present church was rebuilt in the mill, seven hogs and 16 sheep. in 1353 due to the Black Death. early 15th century in flint, as was The Black Death had a significant the case with many other churches The feudal system of farming was impact on the way in which in Norfolk, a sign of relative introduced to from France agricultural settlements were prosperity deriving from the wool by the Normans, and the practise of managed across the country, and worsted trades. serfdom remained little changed until although Bowthorpe appears to the 14th century when shortage of have remained relatively prosperous.

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Following the death of Spencer in 1569, Bowthorpe fell into the hands of the Cornwallis family, who appear to have granted it the Catholic Yaxley family. The Yaxleys were united through marriage with the Waldegraves of Hall, and for a time members of the latter family also lived at Bowthorpe Hall.

During the late 16th century in the reign of the Protestant Queen Matthew Wren (1585-1667) Bishop of Norwich Sir Robert Yallop (1636-1705) ‘The King of Elizabeth I, the church is thought to (1635-1638) Bowthorpe’ have been deliberately made ruinous. At that time churches were required Originally the church is known to have the Protestant Church of England to hold Protestant Church of England had a round tower. Round towers date founded by Henry VIII, and the services unless they were ruinous. from the Saxon period through to the Catholic Church led from Rome. Many manors held by Catholic families early 12th century, and were a The College of St Mary in the Fields continued to hold Catholic services in common feature of Norfolk villages, was disestablished by Henry VIII the privacy of their own houses, whilst where cut stone to provide structural in the early 1540s and sold to its allowing their parish churches to fall strength to corners was scarce and former Dean, Miles Spencer. into ruin, or in some cases deliberately expensive. It was cheaper and more damaged. At Bowthorpe it is recorded efficient to build circular towers with Although the reformation caused that at the end of the 16th century local flints. In towns and cities many of considerable change, many ‘noble’ land the nave had become a barn, and the these towers were later replaced with owning Catholic families remained rich tower a dovecot. square towers in the more prosperous and powerful. In order to keep their In 1635 Mathew Wren, a notorious 15th century, however in more rural version of the Christian faith, practising High Churchman (ie someone who settlements with smaller populations, Catholics often worshiped in secret to promoted a more traditional and round towers survived. avoid the attention and disapproval of the reigning monarchs. Bowthorpe was conservative liturgy) became the During the 16th century, England typical of a number of smaller manorial Bishop of Norwich. (Wren was went through a particularly difficult settlements where the landowners the uncle of the famous architect period with rising tensions between sought to keep their Catholic faith. Christopher Wren.) Wren was associated with Laudianism – an early

PAGE 9 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE O.S. MAP 1906-1914 BOWTHORPE HISTORIC MAP

PAGE 10 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE O.S. MAP 1955-66 BOWTHORPE HISTORIC MAP

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17th century protestant doctrine – parish of , Yallop himself in Norfolk; for £1,524. 15s per year and was a notorious persecutor of was educated at Wadham College for 12 years. Puritans. He ordered the rebuilding Oxford, and was a practicing London of the church by Thomas Yaxley. Barrister at Grays Inn, being knighted From this period there is an old forge in 1664. building with the original forge The rebuilding work had been carried firehood surviving. This has now been out by the summer of 1639 at a cost The present hall is considered to converted to a prayer cell, associated of £131 6s 8d. The salary of a priest have been extensively rebuilt by with St Walstan, who is a patron was ordered to be paid by Yaxley and Yallop (probably as his country saint of farmworkers and animals. all others after him, however following seat) and dates from the late 17th St Walstan gave up a privileged life the ruling, the church appears to have century, with the principal façade to work as a farm labourer among again fallen back into ruin, perhaps to the east being re-fronted circa peasants in Taverham, where he died. this time due to the depopulation of 1700 in the Queen Anne style. He was buried in nearby Bawburgh. the parish and the decline in church The bust in the east elevation of On September 20 1877 the local going in general during the 18th the hall is generally supposed to historian, The Reverend Augustus century. By 1792 the church was again be Sir Robert Yallop in his more Jessopp, presented his archaeological unroofed. Following the English Civil mature years. paper on the history of the settlement War and the rise of the Puritians, to the visiting Norwich and Norfolk Wren was imprisoned in the Tower In 1751 the Bacon Franks of Archaeological Society. He told the of London between 1641 and 1659 Campsall Hall, Yorkshire, bought story of the settlement, including the for his Laudianist religious practices. the estate along with nearby and parts of Colney. historic connections to Catholicism. In 1660 the Yaxleys passed the estate During the 19th century the house This account is available from the to Sir Robert Yallop (1636-1705). and its estate was leased as a Norfolk and Norwich Library Local Around 1620 Henry Yaxley, in order farmstead. In 1836 John Howlett Studies Section. to avoid his estate being confiscated leased the land as a tenant farmer In 1930 the estate was sold to the as a practising Catholic, conveyed and remained for 28 years. There is a Overland family. Bill Overland was the property to Browne of Colney historic record in the Sheffield archives a self-made businessman who ran a as a trustee. He appears to have of Frederick Bacon Frank of Campsall cement firm and both the Haymarket been dishonest, and the hall was Park, Yorkshire, which details the and De Luxe cinemas in Norwich. His ‘rescued’ by Yaxley’s friend and leasing of Bowthorpe Hall to John son refurbished the hall in 1938, but former neighbour Yallop during the Howlett together with outbuildings, died in 1943. His son inherited the Commonwealth. In return he was 13 cottages, and 1,095 acres of hall, but chose not to permanently live given the estate by Yaxley. Although land, lying in Bowthorpe, Earlham, there, being a very active businessman Yallop’s father came from the nearby Bawburgh, Colney and Tunstall

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19th century croquet game at Bowthorpe Hall Chris Davis calling a folk dance in church gardens (© Norfolk county Council) by Sally Simpson himself, and a director of Sainsbury’s The school was a hive of activity century Waldergrave family. In 2008 supermarkets. during the 70s and 80s, full of the Bowthorpe Community Garden international students who played was opened on the site of an 18th During the second world war the hall tennis and croquet on the lawns. century barn to the south west of was leased to the RAF and several English and creative writing students the hall, and in 2009 the church fighter aces are understood to have from the UEA often helped out part ruins were repaired and consolidated stayed at the hall, including Douglas time as teachers, including the well- and the landscape of the church Bader. During the 1960s the land known novelist Ian McEwan. improved to create a garden. The of the estate was leased to Captain development of the adjacent Three Thorndick Dawson of Costessey, More recently the area has been Score site to the east will see the area, and the hall appears to have been subject to initiatives to increase the particularly the park land immediately neglected, until being taken over by awareness of the history of the site. to the east, become further enhanced Bell Language School. For the first Former farm buildings were converted and more actively used for informal few years this was a summer school, to community buildings in the mid recreation as the population of the becoming a fully operating language 1980s assisted with donations from settlement grows. school in 1969. The school operated Lady Bader and the Conservative in the building until 2006, after which cabinet member William Waldergrave, the Hall was developed as offices. a direct descendent of the 17th

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History Plaque by St. Michael’s Workshop (Duncan Gordon, Jonathon England and David George)

PAGE 14 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE

For most of its history Bowthorpe had been a rural hamlet with a very small population who worked the surrounding land. The most important consideration in a newly urbanised area is to ensure that the density of development, the design and materials used for alterations to existing buildings, and the treatment of road surfaces and footpaths, acknowledge the existing rural character and appearance of this part of Bowthorpe. With careful design and selection of materials the rural character of the area can be preserved and potentially enhanced as an attractive informal recreational area.

The narrow lanes with associated most visitors to the hall may now The raised bank or ‘bund’ along Green hedging and the brick and flint arrive from the north. Lane to the north may also have been boundary walls which surround the created as a boundary, although it hall, are defining characteristic of The parkland area immediately may have also been created through the streetscape that relate directly outside the wall was most likely the movement of people and animals to the area’s rural past. planted during the mid 18th to through the passage of time. Parts of mid 19th centuries when the the bund, especially to the front of The hall, its gated entrance and its ‘picturesque’ rather than ‘formal’ style the hall, may be of relatively recent driveway are all orientated towards of landscaping became fashionable. construction. Norwich to the east. This layout is likely The land rises to the east and the to have been to some extent planned, hall is very visible in views to the west To the north and west the boundary as most visitors would arrive by from the rise, as is the brow of the wall of the hall runs parallel to the carriage from Norwich. The importance hill when viewed from the hall. These narrow lane. The informal nature of the wall in providing boundary views form an important part of the and narrowness of the lanes is an definition, and the alignment of the character and setting of the hall, and important characteristic of the more road both within and outside of the consequently any development on informal rural character of the area. wall, should be preserved in order the rise of the hill should be designed to continue to reflect this important so that it does not detract from the Although the development of Three historic connection even though importance of the hall in views. Score to the east will have some

PAGE 15 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE impact on the character of the Green the east, to the front of the principal To the south of the conservation area Lane to the north-east of the site facade. In the south east corner the large pylons dominate over housing through the provision of a bus lane walled garden is a characteristic and the landscape and are very visible to the shopping centre, general traffic feature of the ‘small’ country house in views. It is proposed that these has been restricted. Elsewhere in the and therefore contributes to the pylons are removed and electricity conservation area, any enhancement overall character of the listed building. placed underground as part of the of the lanes and paths should respect The character of the walled garden Three Score development proposals. in terms of design and use of as an enclosed space needs to be materials the more rural character preserved if any development occurs Any development within the walled of this part of the Bowthorpe area. within it. garden should also take into account the wider setting of the hall and There is a distinct change in character To the south and east the open spaces respect the architectural hierarchy between the area within the boundary retain a sense of being picturesque between the hall and the simpler wall of the Hall and the area outside. grazed land. Any new paths should buildings and structures that Within the curtilage, it is important be designed to fit in with this more surround it. that the house remains dominant, rural character i.e. treated more as and in particularly the open space to a ‘country’ rather than ‘urban’ park.

Boundary wall to Bowthorpe Hall with historic Landscape separation between area inside Old wall near St Michael’s Cottages Green Lane in background boundary wall and the parkland setting

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URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE

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URBAN DESIGN AND STREETSCAPE MAP

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The conservation area is characterised principally by Bowthorpe Hall, its ancillary farm outbuildings and workers cottages, and the ruins of St Michael and All Angels Church alongside the adjacent modern Worship Centre. Within the settlement there is a distinct difference between the ‘polite’ and high status architecture of the hall and church, and the more ‘vernacular’ and functional architecture of the surviving agricultural cottages and outbuildings.

Bowthorpe Church is now a deliberately destroyed by fire in the consolidated ruin of flint with some late 18th century after it had been stone dressing and later brick repair. used as an oven. A modern worship centre was built in red brick adjacent to the historic Evidence for the construction of the church in 1984 and designed by local Church was extensively recorded by architect Peter Codling. Ayers (2001) Ayers and published in Two Medieval considers that the church was likely Churches in Norfolk 2001 NMAS to have been built in three phases: Olwen Beazley. Initially, the church was constructed towards the end of the 12th century The present Bowthorpe Hall dates from with a characteristic round tower. 17th century with the imposing red brick east façade dating from circa The second phase took place in the 1700. The east façade is an applied skin Bowthorpe Hall 15th century with the construction of of red/orange brick with fine jointing the Chancel, at a time when Norfolk and rubbed brick quoins of some quality The north and west wings were was relatively prosperous with the in order for the building to keep up-to- constructed in the 1980s in red brick burgeoning wool and garment trades. date with fashion, and to make it and have effectively created a rear appear ‘high status’. There is some enclosed courtyard. Both the red brick The present ruinous phase dates from indication that this façade was also walled garden and curtilage boundary the end of the 18th century. A drawing rendered or lime-washed, however the walls remain intact and have been by Robert Ladbroke as part of his series quality of brickwork with cut (‘rubbed’) subject to ongoing repairs. of Norfolk Churches shows the church bricks and fine pointing suggest that it as a ‘picturesque’ ruin in 1850. There was originally intended to be exposed. is evidence that the round tower was

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Converted forge to Prayer Cell Inside forge St. Michael’s cottages

Within the curtilage of the hall a building existing on this site. Both new Bowthorpe Vicarage, constructed much altered 18th century single flint and red brick agricultural in the 1980s in red brick and pantiles storey outbuilding remains to the outbuildings from the 18th and 19th to match the existing cottages, but south, constructed in two phases; century operations of the farmstead with a rather Mediterranean looking the southern end in flint with brick survive to the west of the hall, and chimney stack with protective pantiled surrounds to windows, and the have been converted to workshops. ‘chimney hood. An interesting northern end in red brick. A further surviving building between the old farmhouse and barns existed to the Also, to the west of the hall are and new houses is the Old Forge south until they were demolished in surviving 19th century farm cottages, building, with the original forge the 1990s. constructed of red brick with red firehood. This has now been clay pantiles. Bowthorpe Hall Cottage successfully converted into a The flint house constructed to the is directly behind the Hall with St community prayer cell. south east of the hall, known as Park Michael’s Cottages further west View House, dates from the 1980s, between the two lanes. Further however historic maps show an earlier along Bowthorpe Hall Road is the

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St Michael and All Angels in 1936 (© George St Michael and All Angels preserved as a ruin Created by Oliver Creed in the Bowthorpe Craft Plunkett) workshop

“St Michael and All Angels” By Jenny Holmwood

“St Michaels and All Angels stands in ruins, What of these jagged walls of flint and stone? It earned a mention in the Domesday Book, We come for peace and love their sense of place Our ancient church once sported a round tower With prayers and thanks to One who has no age, Saxon and Norman influenced its look, Who rescued us and comes to us through grace. Old records of rectors have been found, At evensong when busy birds were still A thousand years have seen its sad decay We felt a strange but real expectancy, Cruel plagues and hardship took its toll on man, Yes God was there among us on that eve Community and life was wiped away, Reaching throughout time, eternally. Echoes and secrets lurk around these flints From past to present Godly love remains Of babies, weddings, funerals in an age To nourish souls to come in future years Where life was harsh and short – such precious time To celebrate our happiness and joy Where souls gave thanks to God in song and praise, To comfort broken lives in pain and tears As mellow sunlight glazes stones that shine, When we no more are bowed with earthly care Reflecting glory of forgotten time. Saint Michael and All Angels will be there!”

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PAGE 22 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE NATURAL CHARACTER

The wider setting of Bowthorpe Hall to the east and south provides an attractive area of landscaping still very rural in character. With the development of the Three Score settlement to the east, which will effectively ‘enclose’ the area as an open space, it will be important that the area’s rural character is retained and that the area does not become too ‘urbanised’.

View of Bowthorpe Hall from the east across parkland

The most important remaining natural These trees were likely to have been and protects the base of the tree character areas are to the east and planted during the mid 18th to the from larger animals. If the ‘gaps’ are south of the hall. The areas within mid 19th century, when planting replanted, it would be preferable to the walled garden have been subject lime tree avenues and creating maintain this more informal character. to greater change, and are now ‘picturesque’ views of open parkland It would also be important to ensure characterised by predominantly was the height of fashion. It is that any safety-related works 20th century planting. interesting to note however that it necessary on the veteran lime trees would have taken decades for the are carried out in a sympathetic Immediately to the east of the hall is planted vista to mature to full grown manner that does not detract from open parkland, which although not trees, so the owner who planted it their special character. Any new within the immediate listed curtilage probably never saw the vista mature. footpaths should be careful not to of the hall, is connected to it in terms appear incongruous amongst this of contributing to the wider designed The avenue now appears slightly informal setting of the hall, and it landscaped setting of the Hall. Of neglected with some gaps, however will be important to manage hedging particular note is the planted avenue this lends the parkland an even more in a way that retains its more informal of ‘veteran’ Lime trees, which has ‘rustic’ and ‘picturesque’ character. rural character and does not appear created an interesting vista leading The epicormic growth around the too suburban. directly away from the east of the bases provides a natural habitat for Hall, framing circa1700 east frontage. smaller mammals and invertebrates,

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Bowthorpe Community Garden by Jill Wragg Missing tree in vista to east of hall

Directly to the south of the hall is an As part of the proposed development existing farmed space, which has to of Three Score for housing to the east some extent lost its rural character of the conservation area, proposals but lacks a new defined use. Part of will be brought forward to enhance the land has been successfully reused the historic parkland, including to form a more urban community improving paths to make them more garden, and it would be desirable accessible, clearer definition of public to landscape the adjacent space as space with repair and erection of a more informal meadow wildlife estate railings, replanting missing trees area, providing an attractive transition in the tree lined vista to the east of between the more urban development the hall, and the possibility of planting of housing and the parkland. a wild flower meadow to the south of the hall to tie in with the existing community garden.

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Bowthorpe in Winter by Mark Elvin Bowthorpe in Summer by Mark Elvin

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NATURAL CHARACTER MAP

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The city council has a duty to enhance Enhancement of the conservation area (S) Short term the character and appearance of the also depends on the care that individual Straightforward enhancement conservation area where possible. The owners take with the maintenance and proposals, which should be following table highlights opportunities repair of their properties and that relatively easy to achieve or to improve the management of the consideration is given to preserving and are included in existing work conservation area and to carry out enhancing the conservation area when programmes enhancement. Inclusion on the list is carrying out alterations. The list not a commitment by the council to therefore also identifies opportunities (M)Medium term Involves some expenditure undertake the work and further work for private owners. and/or complexity will be required to establish the feasibility of these proposals. Each After five years the appraisal will be (L) Long term opportunity has been identified as a reviewed to see whether the character Complex proposals involving short, medium or long term goal and appearance of the conservation larger financial commitments reflecting its cost and complexity. area has been successfully enhanced and to assess whether new opportunities are available.

No. Location Issue Action Term Responsibility

1 Lane running Poor surfacing and Surfacing could be M-L Norwich City to the west of lack of definition improved with a Council (NCC) Bowthorpe between vehicle and more pedestrian Hall pedestrian use. orientated/traffic calming measures, or providing clear definition of cycle path/footpath.

2 Path to the Existing rutted gravel Seek resurfacing with L NCC west of track not attractive more appropriate Worship in rural setting material Centre

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No. Location Issue Action Term Responsibility

3 Tolye Road Steel girders installed ‘Tidy up’ area through M NCC and erosion of grass replacing unsightly verges with through vehicle barriers with cycling/path erosion. more attractive bollards/barriers and improving surfaces and landscaping.

4 Historic Railings are bent and The railings will be M-L NCC parkland: damaged. repaired and replaced Railings along to coincide with Green Lane development of Three Score.

Historic Area appears 5 Explore possibility of M-L NCC/private parkland: overgrown and planting Wild Meadow. developers Meadow to unkempt. This will be explored South of hall when the Three Score adjacent to development proceeds community to full application stage. garden

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No. Location Issue Action Term Responsibility

6 Historic Informal footpaths The intention is to improve M-L NCC/private parkland: have been created the surfacing of these paths developers Footpaths in along desire lines – to create easier access for open space to in some places all. This will be looked at as the south and these are very part of the proposal to east of Hall muddy/rutted and enhance the area to coincide result in access with the redevelopment of issues. Three Score.

7 Historic The impact of the Replanting of trees to fill M-L NCC/private parkland: vista is slightly in the gaps is intended to developers. Gaps in tree diminished through be carried out as part of lined vista to gaps in the line of Three Score public space the east of trees. enhancement. the hall

8 Large pylons These are visually It is proposed to place the M-L Statutory to the south very intrusive and wires underground as part undertakers of the Hall unsightly. of the Three Score development proposals

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MANAGEMENT AND ENHANCEMENT MAP

PAGE 30 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE FURTHER READING CONTRIBUTIONS LOCAL LIST

“A Community’s Beginnings” (1982) TO DOCUMENT The following buildings within the Ray Simpson conservation area are included on the Norwich City Council would like to local list for their architectural and/or “Bowthorpe Hall : a paper read at the thank representatives of the local historical importance. These buildings excursion meeting, Sept. 20, 1877” community for contributing artwork are valued for their contribution to Augustus Jessopp and poems to be included in the the local scene, or for local historical conservation area appraisal. Individual associations, but do not merit full “The Country Houses of Norfolk: Part credit is given where photographs statutory protection. Three: The City and Suburbs” (2011) and poems have been included. David Clarke Bowthorpe Hall Cottages St Michael’s Cottages “Let the Stones Speak”(2010) St Stable Complex Michael & All Angels Ruin Preservation The Barn & enhancement trust LISTED BUILDINGS Bowthorpe Worship Centre The following buildings have been The Old Forge building (prayer cell) “Two Medieval Churches in Norfolk” listed Grade II either because of their (2001) Ayers and published in NMAS architectural interest, their historic It is proposed to add the Bowthorpe Olwen Beazley. interest, their close historical Worship Centre to the Local list due to association or because they its significance to the local community, History of the Bell School form part of an important group. its origins as a community focal point at at Bowthorpe: the start of the planned new settlement http://hasthebellgone.blogspot.co.uk/ Bowthorpe Hall of Bowthorpe, and its historic link Ruins of Church of St. Michael to St Michael’s Church. Also, it is proposed to include the Old Forge building that has been successfully converted into a prayer cell.

PAGE 31 // CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL // BOWTHORPE CONTACT DETAILS PLANNING SERVICES CITY HALL NORWICH NR2 1NH T: 0344 980 3333

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