Freight Study: Full Report

Freight Study: Full report A technical report produced by WSP for the EEH evidence base CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 ENGLAND’S ECONOMIC HEARTLAND 1 1.2 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE COMMISSION 2 1.3 THE EEH AREA 2 1.4 STRUCTURE OF THIS REPORT 3 2 LOGISTICS 5 2.1 DEFINITION OF LOGISTICS 5 2.2 KEY LOGISTICS TRENDS 5 2.3 IMPACTS OF LOGISTICS 7 2.4 SIGNIFICANCE FOR EEH 8 3 POLICY REVIEW 10 3.1 NATIONAL POLICY 10 3.2 HIGHWAYS ENGLAND 16 3.3 LOCAL ENTERPRISE PARTNERSHIPS (LEPS) 18 3.4 LOCAL AUTHORITIES 24 3.5 CONCLUSIONS FROM POLICY REVIEW 28 4 LOGISTICS IN THE EEH AREA 30 4.1 INTRODUCTION 30 4.2 THE EEH ECONOMY 30 4.3 KEY FREIGHT GENERATING INDUSTRIES 32 4.4 FREIGHT MOVEMENTS TO, FROM AND WITHIN THE REGION 38 5 ROAD FREIGHT 41 5.1 NATIONAL PICTURE 41 5.2 EEH ROAD FREIGHT ORIGINS AND DESTINATIONS 41 5.3 ROAD FREIGHT CORRIDORS 44 5.4 CONGESTION 47 5.5 ACCESS TO GATEWAYS AND MARKETS 50 5.6 LORRY PARKING 52 5.7 ABNORMAL INDIVISABLE LOADS 54 5.8 ROAD FREIGHT IN RURAL AREAS 55 6 RAIL FREIGHT 58 6.1 UK SITUATION 58 6.2 EEH TERMINALS 58 6.3 RAIL FREIGHT VOLUME ESTIMATE 58 6.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF RAIL FREIGHT INTERCHANGES 58 6.5 EEH RAIL FREIGHT CORRIDORS 62 FREIGHT STUDY June 2019 England’s Economic Heartland 1 of 158 6.6 LOADING GAUGE AND TRAIN LENGTH 66 6.7 ACCESS TO PORTS AND KEY MARKETS 66 6.8 EAST WEST RAIL 67 7 AIR FREIGHT 70 7.1 DOMINANCE OF HEATHROW 70 7.2 LUTON AIRPORT 71 8 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS 73 8.1 BACKGROUND 73 8.2 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS 73 8.3 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS PLANS 73 8.4 MAJOR PROJECTS 74 8.5 OTHER PROJECTS 75 8.6 NEW AND EXPANDED COMMUNITIES 75 9 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT 77 9.1 AIMS 77 9.2 METHODOLOGY 77 9.3 WORKSHOP 77 9.4 ONE TO ONE 77 9.5 KEY STAKEHOLDER THEMES 78 9.6 CONCLUSIONS 88 10 FUTURE TRENDS 91 10.1 ROAD FREIGHT DEMAND FORECASTS 91 10.2 RAIL FREIGHT DEMAND 92 10.3 CHANGES IN LOGISTICS 95 10.4 OTHER GROWTH FACTORS 97 11 ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES 99 11.1 INTRODUCTION 99 11.2 STRATEGIC 99 11.3 ROAD 104 11.4 RAIL FREIGHT 113 11.5 AIR FREIGHT 118 11.6 URBAN LOGISTICS 118 11.7 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS 124 11.8 RURAL LOGISTICS 124 11.9 NEW MODES 125 12 SOLUTIONS - LONG LIST 128 12.1 INTRODUCTION 128 12.2 STRATEGIC 128 12.3 ROAD 134 FREIGHT STUDY June 2019 England’s Economic Heartland 2 of 158 12.4 RAIL FREIGHT 139 12.5 AIR FREIGHT 141 12.6 URBAN LOGISTICS 142 12.7 CONSTRUCTION LOGISTICS, RURAL LOGISTICS, AND NEW MODES 145 12.8 SOLUTIONS CONCLUSION 149 13 DEVELOPING AN EEH LOGISTICS STRATEGY 151 13.1 OVERVIEW 151 13.2 EEH OUTLINE TRANSPORT STRATEGY 151 13.3 PROPOSED EEH LOGISTICS VISION AND OBJECTIVES 152 13.4 LONG LIST OF SOLUTIONS 154 13.5 APPRAISAL OF SOLUTIONS 155 13.6 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 155 13.7 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 156 13.8 FREIGHT ACTION PLAN 157 TABLES Table 3-1 - Other policies 15 Table 3-2 – LEP policy review 21 Table 3-3 - SEMLEP SEP priority sectors 22 Table 3-4 - Local Authority Freight Strategies 24 Table 4-1 - Warehousing employees in EEH 32 Table 4-2 - Road and Rail Tonnage Lifted To, From, Within EEH 39 Table 7-1 – Airport freight volumes 70 Table 10-1 - HGV% increase from 2015 91 Table 10-2 - LGV% increase from 2015 92 Table 10-3 - Rail freight tonnes forecast for 2023/24 93 Table 10-4 - Trains per direction per day 94 Table 11-1 - HGV incidents 110 FIGURES Figure 1-1 - EEH Area 2 Figure 4-1 - 2011 Census Employment Data % Of Total Employment 31 Figure 4-2 -The location of distribution space over 8,000 square metres in England 33 Figure 4-3 - Map Of Distribution Parks 34 Figure 4-4 - Map Of Selected Distribution Centre Operators 35 Figure 4-5 - The pattern by county is illustrated in the chart below. 36 Figure 4-6 - Percentage of UK Total (CSRGT 2016) 38 Figure 4-7 - Road Freight Tonnes Lifted (CSRGT 2016) 39 Figure 5-1 Top 20 Flows to or from the Heartland in 2017. 42 Figure 5-2 - Map Of Freight Volumes By OD Pair 43 FREIGHT STUDY June 2019 England’s Economic Heartland 3 of 158 Figure 5-3 - Daily HGV Volume 45 Figure 5-4 - HGV % of All Traffic 46 Figure 5-5 - % of HGVs travelling during each hour of the day 47 Figure 5-6 - HGV % of all traffic for a typical section of the M6 48 Figure 5-7 - AM Speed – Trafficmaster 49 Figure 5-8 - HGV Journey Times To Major Gateways and Markets 51 Figure 5-9 - HGV Route MK to Southampton (Pie Mapping) 51 Figure 5-10 - Map of Off Site Truck Parking Intensity (DfT/AECOM 2017) 53 5.8.2. Figure 5-11 – England’s rural and urban areas map, DEFRA 55 Figure 6-1 - Rail terminals in Heartland 60 Figure 6-2 – Proposed and existing SRFIs in the Heartland 61 Figure 6-3 - All Freight Trains by Corridor 2013 63 Figure 6-4 - Intermodal Freight Trains By Corridor 2013 64 Figure 6-5 - Construction Materials Trains By Corridor 2013 65 Figure 10-1 - Agents who will lead transformations in the sector (OCED/ITF, 2018) 95 Figure 10-2 - Likely trends and innovations by 2030 (OCED/ITF, 2018) 97 Figure 11-1 - Supply Chain Start Ups - CB Insights 100 Figure 11-2 - Oxford City Centre Delivery Restrictions 119 APPENDICES MULTI CRITERIA APPRAISAL APPROACH AND RESULTS FREIGHT STUDY June 2019 England’s Economic Heartland 4 of 158 1 INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ENGLAND’S ECONOMIC HEARTLAND 1.1.1. Stretching from Swindon to Cambridgeshire and from Northamptonshire to Hertfordshire, England’s Economic Heartland (EEH) brings political and business leaders together in a strategic collaborative partnership with a shared commitment to realise the economic potential of the Oxford – Milton Keynes – Cambridge corridor and surrounding areas. 1.1.2. As a strategic collaborative partnership, EEH is working at pace to realise the region’s potential by: Agreeing an overarching Transport Strategy which provides a 30̻year framework for the development of the transport system Promoting the idea of a National Policy Statement (NPS) for the Heartland – a statement of intent on the part of Government that the Heartland is a long-term national priority Ensuring investment in digital infrastructure and utilities is aligned to the overarching ambition of realising the Heartland’s economic potential Working with infrastructure owners to accelerate delivery of investment in strategic infrastructure. Submitting the proposal to establish a statutory Sub-national Transport Body (STB) with powers and responsibilities devolved from Government in a way that enables delivery of the Transport Strategy Working with businesses and infrastructure owners to develop proposals which meet the needs of the freight and logistics sector Working with SME innovators and entrepreneurs to enable the development of innovative customer-focused journey solutions Maintaining on behalf of partners the ‘regional evidence base’ that enables a consistent approach to the identification of investment needs Working with partners to secure additional investment in strategic transport infrastructure Working with Government to ensure its needs are reflected in national programmes, including those delivered by Highways England, Network Rail and through rail passenger franchises Working with infrastructure owners to prepare business cases in support of investment in digital infrastructure. 1.1.3. The Government says STBs will be given 'unprecedented access' to decision-making on national investment strategies. They will have a 'key role' in advising on the allocation of monies from the National Roads Fund (established from 2020/21), for the more significant local authority owned roads, in support of economic growth. 1.1.4. STBs would also provide the leadership identified by the National Infrastructure Commission as being essential to providing a single voice on strategic transport infrastructure requirements in the region. 1.1.5. Over summer 2017 an initial round of engagement with potential partners and interested stakeholders was positively received and will form the basis for taking forward the work to develop a specific proposal to become a STB. This is being taken forward by the Strategic Transport Forum over the period to 2020/2021. FREIGHT STUDY June 2019 England’s Economic Heartland 1 of 158 1.2 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE COMMISSION 1.2.1. This report is intended to support EEH to plan for the most efficient way of providing access to goods that unlocks economic potential, protects the environment and communities, and future-proofs networks to accommodate growth and improve efficiency. 1.2.2. The purpose of this report is to define a clear starting point for freight sub nationally, analyse the implications of future scenario changes, identify how EEH can capitalise on opportunities and mitigate risk – and plan for this by drawing on technical conclusions. 1.2.3. The findings from the study will serve as a supporting document to support the development of the EEH Transport Strategy. 1.3 THE EEH AREA 1.3.1. The area covered by this report and constituent local authorities is illustrated in the map below. Figure 1-1 - EEH Area 1.3.2. The Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) are key partners in EEH. The following LEPS are covered in whole or in part by the EEH area: South East Midlands, Hertfordshire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire Thames Valley, Swindon and Wiltshire, and the Combined Authority in Cambridge and Peterborough.

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