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No Choice but to Change: an Investigation Into the History And Western University Scholarship@Western MPA Major Research Papers Local Government Program 7-1-2013 No Choice But To Change: An Investigation into the History and Effects of the 2006 Municipal Ward Boundary Realignment in London, Ontario Stephen Turner Western University Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lgp-mrps Part of the Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Turner, Stephen, "No Choice But To Change: An Investigation into the History and Effects of the 2006 Municipal Ward Boundary Realignment in London, Ontario" (2013). MPA Major Research Papers. 121. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/lgp-mrps/121 This Major Research Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Local Government Program at Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in MPA Major Research Papers by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. No Choice But To Change An Investigation into the History and Effects of the 2006 Municipal Ward Boundary Realignment in London, Ontario MPA Research Report Submitted to The Local Government Program Department of Political Science The University of Western Ontario Stephen Turner July 2013 1 No Choice But To Change: An Investigation into the History and Effects of the 2006 Municipal Ward Boundary Realignment in London, Ontario Abstract In 2005, the Ontario Municipal Board responded to a citizen petition in London, Ontario by imposing significantly changed municipal wards for the 2006 municipal election. The case focused on the concept of using “communities of interest” in setting electoral boundaries. However, since the ward realignment, no evaluation of the effects of the change has been undertaken until now. Interviews with 14 civically involved Londoners were held to determine personal attitudes on the effects of the ward realignment. Voter turnout, campaign eXpense, municipal budget and neighbourhood demographic data over 10 years was examined to identify any patterns that may have arisen. Upon investigation, voter turnout was shown to have increased significantly in the city’s urban wards after the 2006 realignment. By comparison, turnout in many suburban wards (where income and rates of home ownership are higher) changed at a rate significantly lower than the rate of change citywide. Voter turnout in each election since the year 2000 was consistently higher in the suburban wards than the city’s urban wards. After realignment, the gap in the level of voter turnout between the city’s core and the suburbs was markedly reduced. Strong correlations were shown between voter turnout and homeownership as well as between voter turnout and household income. These relationships were marginally weakened between the elections in 2003 and 2006 but the bond continued to show significant association despite realignment. Campaign expenditures were not shown to have been affected by realignment. As compared to overall changes in the municipal operations budget, a decrease in the Elected Officials budget and an increase in the Parks and Recreation budget were witnessed over the 10-year observation period. Interview subjects mostly concurred that improvement in municipal government had occurred as a result of the ward realignment but stressed that the success of government is entirely dependent on the effectiveness of the representatives elected to office. 2 Acknowledgements To my wife Karen and my daughter Claire for tolerating my absence and insanity while writing this paper but knowing my love for them was always there. To all of you who were interviewed for this research, your commitment to London is eXemplary, as you have all done so much for this city. To the faculty and peers in the Local Government Program who have taught me so much over the past years. Thank you. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 6 BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................................. 7 CHAPTER 2 CONTEXT FROM THE LITERATURE ....................................................................................... 19 THE URBAN REFORM MOVEMENT .................................................................................................................... 19 REDISTRICTING .............................................................................................................................................. 22 VOTER TURNOUT ........................................................................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER 3 METHODS ........................................................................................................................... 27 VOTER TURNOUT ........................................................................................................................................... 27 DEMOGRAPHICS ............................................................................................................................................ 28 MUNICIPAL BUDGET ...................................................................................................................................... 29 CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES .............................................................................................................................. 29 STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS .............................................................................................................................. 30 CHAPTER 4 INTERVIEWS ....................................................................................................................... 32 THE CITY HALL REPORTERS .............................................................................................................................. 32 Chip Martin ........................................................................................................................................... 32 Phil McLeod .......................................................................................................................................... 34 THE ACADEMICS ............................................................................................................................................ 37 Sam Trosow .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Andrew Sancton .................................................................................................................................... 39 THE COMMUNITY ASSOCIATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 41 The Urban Core Perspective .................................................................................................................. 41 The Suburban / Rural Perspective ......................................................................................................... 46 THE POLITICIANS ........................................................................................................................................... 48 Joni Baechler ......................................................................................................................................... 51 4 CHAPTER 5 RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 53 VOTER TURNOUT ........................................................................................................................................... 53 HOMEOWNER AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME EFFECTS ............................................................................................... 58 BUDGET ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 CAMPAIGN EXPENSES ..................................................................................................................................... 61 THEMES ARISING FROM THE INTERVIEWS ........................................................................................................... 63 CHAPTER 6 DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................................ 66 WORKS CITED ....................................................................................................................................... 71 APPENDICIES ........................................................................................................................................ 75 1. CITY OF LONDON WARD MAP 1993 TO 2006 ................................................................................................ 75 2. PROPOSED WARD MAP – IMAGINE LONDON .................................................................................................. 76 3. CURRENT CITY OF LONDON WARD MAP (AS ORDERED BY OMB) ....................................................................... 77 4. ONTARIO CITIES WITH POPULATIONS > 150,000 ............................................................................................. 78 5. LONDON PLANNING DISTRICTS ..................................................................................................................... 79 6. ASSIGNMENT OF PLANNING DISTRICTS
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