Catapult Open

SATELLITES SUPPORTING THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF MINING

Social Impact of Mining Spark Session Output Report V3 MAR 2021

SATELLITE APPLICATIONS CATAPULT

Supported By:

Report complied by Joel Freedman - Regional Innovation & Design Lead, Satellite Applications Catapult Catapult Open

Contents

Executive Summary Introduction Overview Ideas Developed Relevant Ongoing Activities Recommendations Annex 1 – Organisations Attended Annex 2 – Research Document Annex 3 – All Ideas Developed Annex 4 – Miro Virtual Whiteboards

2 Catapult Open

Executive Summary

On February 10th 2021 a Spark Session was carried out by the Satellite The session was attended by over 40 organisations from a wide range of cross- Applications Catapult in partnership South West Centre of Excellence sector organisations including representatives from South West Centre of supported by the UK Space Agency. Excellence, Small and Medium Enterprises, academia and a range of space technologists. This workshop explored opportunities for satellite technology to address the social impact of mining on local communities. These areas were: The list of participating organisations can be found at Annex 1.​

Participants brainstormed multiple ideas for new opportunities before choosing two high impact ideas to develop in more detail. These ideas were:

• Identifying and categorising mining automatically through a set of indicators. • Benefitting local mining communities using satellite data.

Illegal, Community Unreported & Engagement Artisanal Mining

3 Catapult Open Introduction Identify Outline The Spark Programme Challenges Capabilities

The Satellite Applications Catapult (SAC) is a part government funded not-for- profit technology and innovation organisation, created to grow the UK space sector. As part of a programme of work funded by the UK Space Agency, SAC Brainstorm is conducting a series of Spark Sessions across the UK. These sessions are Opportunities designed to identify high value opportunities for space technology in areas of strategic regional importance.

Sectors and groups of regional priority have been identified through SAC’s Regional Centres of Excellence in Satellite Applications, and key stakeholders from these groups have been brought together in order to plan and deliver each spark session. Prioritise Before a Spark Session takes place, research is conducted within areas of interest to identify and validate topics that are of most interest. Based on this research the SAC team prepares a series of examples of relevant satellite capability which is presented on the day. Following that presentation, the Develop Ideas Spark Session encourages participants to generate ideas for how satellite technology can address key challenges. These ideas are then prioritised, and those that emerge as being of most interest are developed in more detail in order to outline a plan of action to make them happen. Create Plan The value of Spark Sessions comes not only from the ideas taken forward on the day, but in the awareness raising of communities around the value that satellite technology can bring, and in building momentum toward a larger programme of future collaboration and long-term innovative solution development. 4 Catapult Open Introduction South West Centre of Excellence in Satellite Applications

The South West Centre of Excellence is a regional team of business development and support staff based across the south west. Partnered with three major SW universities, Plymouth, Exeter and Falmouth, the centre provides thematic leads/experts on several of the key areas identified that are particularly relevant and of interest to the local area. These themes are health, marine and cyber security.

The SWCoESA engages businesses, largely in line with the three main themes, to offer support and exchange knowledge while assessing what the opportunities are for the SW based businesses to use and adopt space tech to optimise and improve their products and services, or of course to create new products and services entirely. This could come in the form of signposting to other UK based space tech companies, offering business design sprints, offering desk space at one of our space hubs, and even helping or leading in funding bids to get projects off the ground. The SWCoESA also raises awareness for space tech and what satellite applications, funding and general opportunities are available by running events, currently mostly online, such as workshops and talks, often with guest speakers, to help spread the word and increase interest in the centre, the Satellite Applications Catapult and space innovation in general.

5 Catapult Open Overview Session Aims At the beginning of the session participants were invited to share what they aimed to achieve from the session. These aims are summarised below. Although some very specific aims were identified, consistently the session attendees were focusing on the sharing of information to help understand how satellite technology can support the two key opportunities for the social impact of mining

Develop at least 3 Understand new Increase Engage with others to ideas which can be Increase interest in an ideas of how satellite understanding of share knowledge, developed further innovative project in technology can aid satellite technology problems and with mining social challenges managing mining for community solutions companies & funders operations engagement

Refine the social Understand other challenges use case & ideas and share Understanding more Create opportunities Explore the technical understand how we thoughts on how about the prevalence for collaborative opportunities & can make scalable satellite technology of artisanal mining consortia tackling key limitations of EO satellite solutions can monitor mining and associate issues mining challenges with sustainable activities business model(s)

6 Catapult Open Overview Technological Context In parallel with more data, improvements in cloud storage and processing are The satellite sector is undergoing transformational changes, leading to a reducing the hardware requirements necessary to utilise satellite imagery and greater amount of accessible data, higher spatial resolutions, lower latency increasing accessibility. Developments in AI and Machine Learning are communications, automated analytics and diversified business models. enabling data processing and analysis on unprecedented scales and speeds, leading to rapid insights from imagery, along with a significant evolution of Huge investment by satellite operators in communication systems are seeing autonomous system’s capability to make quick decisions in place of human the growth of new satellite mega-constellations promising high bandwidth, operators. This provides an opportunity for reduced risk, reduced cost, low latency, secure communications that will rival current fibre options and increased efficiency in operations across numerous sectors. disrupt the communications market. The UK Government has recently acquired OneWeb, which promises to deliver a UK sovereign communication As the cost of new hardware goes down and available data and connectivity and navigation capability expected to begin supporting service delivery within coverage goes up, we find ourselves entering a new era of ubiquitous the next five years. connectivity and geospatial insights enabling new autonomous, connected, and smart systems monitoring and operational systems never-before possible. As 5G rolls out across the UK, developments are being made on the hardware and software with the capability to seamlessly switch between modes of There are a broad range of sectors poised to take advantage of these communication, from cellular, to satellite, to low power wide area networks developments, however the key to successful technology development is early such as those used for the Internet of Things. identification of the challenges it helps us address. Whilst the Satellite Applications Catapult is working at the forefront of these The Sentinel missions, part of the EU’s Copernicus Programme, are striving technologies, it is the end user communities who will drive innovation. toward continuous global earth observation coverage which, though coarse in resolution, is open and available to all, and capable of generating valuable insights. Meanwhile an increase in commercial satellites and constellations are delivering new medium and high-resolution satellite images across the planet multiple times per day.

7 Catapult Open Overview Structure of the Day In order to further develop prioritised ideas, groups were asked to answer the The Spark Session was conducted fully virtually using a combination of Zoom following questions: and Miro. Miro is an online collaborative whiteboard tool that enables multiple users to contribute to shared virtual space. 1. Describe the current context (what is happening right now and why is this a problem?) The day was structured in order to remind participants about the aims and (what would you like to happen? What value objectives, review the challenges that had been identified, present satellite 2. Describe the opportunity would this bring?) capabilities, and then develop ideas for new opportunities. 3. Outline the technical solution (what is required and how might it be used?) The approach taken has ben developed and delivered by SAC over several (what steps are required and years to enable and encourage a collaborative approach to innovation across 4. How do we go from today to a solution? who needs to be involved?) wide groups of stakeholders. Participants are split into groups based on (are there any ongoing initiatives that this shared areas of interest, given an opportunity to brainstorm individually based 5. How might this be funded? could link into?) on the capability presentation they will have just seen, and then encouraged (who should take them? to discuss and cluster their ideas into groups and themes. Once discussed, 6. What are the next steps? these ideas are then voted on based on agreed prioritisation criteria, such as: The session conducted on the 10th of February 2021 had roughly 50 attendees • Highest value and was conducted from 9:30-13:00. • Biggest impact • Quick wins What follows in the report is a summary of the ideas that were developed as • Links to ongoing initiatives part of the brainstorming, and a write-up of the ideas that were developed in more detail. Once ideas have been prioritised, groups then focused their attention on refining the top one or two ideas in order to better understand the Annex 3 of this document contains a list of all ideas developed, and Annex 4 opportunity, the requirements, and develop high level actions as next steps. contains screenshots of the Miro boards created on the day. Co-creating strategies for idea development can build commitment between participants and a shared sense of ownership which can be a driver for implementation. 8 Catapult Open Illegal, Unreported & Artisanal Mining Summary of Top Ideas

Identification & Creation of a list of Prevent reoccurrence of categorisation of illegal, applications & illegal mining and unregulated & regulated companies monitoring identify alternative mining using satellite illegal mining using sources of income for technology satellite technology displaced workers

Top voted idea Top voted idea

Identify pain points for Idea Taken Forward: Creating a list of knonw organisation in the artisanal operations supply chain and how from remote sensing satellite technology can Identifying and categorising mining and local data. support them automatically through a set of indicators

Top voted idea derived from remote sensing data

9 Catapult Open Idea Development Identifying and categorising mining automatically through a set of indicators The Context The Proposed Solution

In many parts of the world where mining activity is happening, it is spread By utilising the latest data analysis tools, machine learning algorithms can be over vast and remote areas. This means that mapping to build an up-to-date trained to look for specific indicators in remote sensing data that are indicative picture of activities often requires on the ground data capture, which is costly, of specific types of activities. logistically complex, and often has high associated risk. This enables a birds-eye view of vast regions to be rapidly analysed in order to Across these vast regions, the mining activity occurring may fall into a number identify trends and changes that require attention. Though there are of categories, from legal large scale industrial mining, to Artisinal Small Scale geographical challenges which may dictate the data type chosen, the range of Mining (ASM), to illegal and criminal mining activities. Monitoring these available datasets is generally able to overcome these. For example, Synthetic activities can enable a number of critical services, from auditing, to Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is able to see through clouds and at night, easily compliance monitoring, environmental monitoring, and law enforcement. identifying man made machinery and changes to water courses.

However, as the activities being monitored are often extremely dynamic, A baseline map of activities and indicators could then form the basis of a where monitoring is not happening on a regular basis (sometimes in the number of services for both government, industry, and academia. region of every two years), data can often be too out of date to be useful when required. In order to further this concept, an integrated working group of key stakeholders and technologists should be assembled in order to carry our Current remote sensing capabilities can be harnessed to monitor wide areas of research onto available solutions. Following this, key areas of interest should land on a regular basis, both using freely available lower resolution data, and be identified as case studies to help train initial indicator sets, before a higher resolution paid for data. However, with such vast amounts of data demonstrator is created to prove the value of the concept. coming in, and such a variety of changes being looked for, there is too much work for it to be done at any meaningful scale by human capacity alone. This can be used to identify the most suitable customers in different locations in order to develop a commercial MVP.

10 Catapult Open Community Engagement Summary of Top Ideas

How satellite Using satellite Development & technology can Engaging with local technology to designing mining provide stakeholders and establish an sites using satellite opportunities to communicating environmental technology tackle mine site & benefits of mining Idea Taken Forward: baseline mining crime Top voted idea Top voted idea Top voted idea Benefitting local mining communities using satellite Fusing satellite data Creating reliable data to provide key services Monitoring the Communicating with other satellite solutions compliance of geotechnical data complementary for many geographic mining companies with stakeholders geospatial datasets locations

Top voted idea

11 Catapult Open Idea Development Benefitting local mining communities using satellite data

The Proposed Solution The Challenges The creation of a set of underlying e-learning, e-health, and other community Communities around which mining activities are planned will often protest services enabled by satellite communication, which can form part of a package and attempt to prevent said activity taking place. This is mainly due to the of support available to local communities. By coordinating with NGOs and negative associations of having a mining site in the local area. They are known local government, these tools can be customised to suit community specific to damage the local environment and create health and safety hazards, whilst needs. taking the wealth of the land away to another place. All this, with little perceived upside to the local community, and little information that can be Remote sensing data can also be used to create visualisations of activity that easily digested. are digestible and meaningful to communities so they stay informed and educated about the activity happening around them. This could be all be By neglecting to consider the benefits that a mine could bring to local communities, and developing strategies to deliver long-term benefits, it is no delivered through an existing community centre, or involve the creation of a surprise that there are often violent protests to this activity taking place. new location for the delivery of these services. However it is positioned Where there are benefits funded by a mining operation, those benefits physically, it should be available for all community members to access (whether they be schools or community centres) may then lose funding as appropriately. soon as the activity has stopped. In order to take this forward, a pilot project should be developed with a However, by utilising satellite technology (that will need to be integrated by location where existing relationships with communities and local government mining companies for operational purposes out with the local community), can be leveraged. Communication also must be made with the mining and working with communities to understand their needs, there is an companies to make them aware of the opportunity, along with an overview of opportunity to create services that will enable lasting benefits to communities, relevant socio-economic policy and regulations that this activity would which may tip the balance in such a way that communities actively seek the support them to meet. opportunity to have mining activity near them. A working group should be formed in order to take this idea forward, finding funding to develop the MVP, and running key stakeholder engagements in parallel. 12 Catapult Open Relevant Regional Activities Camborne School of Mines / Deep Digital Cornwall

Camborne School of Mines is a critical friend and The Deep Digital Cornwall project is recently ERDF On 1st December 2020 the South West Centre of associate of the South West Centre of Excellence and is funded £4million project won by Prof Frances Wall at Excellence and Satellite Applications Catapult a department within the University of Exeter which is CSM, University of Exeter. The project now has Extractives Team hosted an online webinar event one of the Centre’s partners. The school is based at the several full-time members of staff including called “Space Tech to Solve Social Challenges in Penryn Campus in Cornwall but it’s impact is felt world professional services staff and academic fellows. The Mining”. Speakers included Wardell Armstrong, wide. project aims to offer support to SME’s in the county University of Oxford and CSM. of Cornwall whose projects and businesses specialise The school is well known for its research and practical or operate in underground environments which could mining and geoscience capabilities and facilities that include mining, geoscience, civils, constructions, include chemical and mechanical labs. It is, headed by geotechnics, agriculture and more. Prof Kip Jeffrey, is part of the larger College of Engineering, Maths and Physical Sciences at the There are small pots of funding available to eligible University and produces great research outputs through companies and projects ranging from £5-100k to its many senior academics. develop ideas empowered by various key technologies such as AI, VR, remote sensing, machine CSM has been partners on several SWCoESA/Catapult learning, big data and more. projects including the recent Satellites For Batteries project and the ARISE autonomous robot project. They The project is partnered with the SWCoESA such that continue to be a great source of expertise in mining and a member of staff on Deep Digital Cornwall is geoscience for the mining themed activities of the considered part of the SWCoESA, an academic SWCoESA and are normally the first port of call for research fellow focussing on EO and remote sensing academic partners in any project not only in Cornwall for the SME’s that may go through DDC or the but nationally and globally. SWCoESA.

13 Catapult Open Relevant Catapult Activities Extractive Industries Value Stream

The Satellite Applications Catapult Extractive Industries Value Stream has Specifically, expertise gathered from projects focusing on providing Education previously worked on projects that have explored the use of remote sensing to for communities around mines in Mexico, healthcare along the Amazon river, identify indicators of mining activity that can be cross referenced against and remote healthcare services in Scotland may have key insights that can be known mining sites. utilised.

By analysing features such as deforestation, building of new roads, changes in There are some specific organisations, such as Ubuntu Power, who provide river shapes, and new buildings or machinery, machine learning systems can solutions to communities using renewable energy resources that can be be designed to give a probability certainty of mining activity. Whilst this enabled by satellite communications, which the Catapult has worked with in technology has been explored, the Catapult is keen to discuss further the past, and as such can facilitate introductions. opportunities to develop commercial services with suitable partners. If you are interested in finding out more about technological capabilities, or The Catapult has also developed and deployed immersive 2D and 3D discussing future collaborations, please contact one of our experts: visualisations to successfully communicate the socio-environmental impacts of mining operations to local communities, even in remote areas. Dr Ashweeni Beeharee Head of Communication Systems Engineering The data interpreted by the satellite imagery could be correlated by terrestrial [email protected] IoT checkpoints – for e.g. to see where pollution originates and where potentially it can end up (measuring chemical makeup of water for e.g at Anastasia Bolton different water catchment locations in the area – satellite enabled IoT). Business Development Manager for Extractive Industries [email protected] Regarding to communication capability, the Catapult is involved in numerous projects exploring the delivery of satellite communication enabled services in Alice Bird remote locations, which could support the provision of community support Extractive Industries Lead for South-West UK materials. The Catapult also has strong links to service providers who could [email protected] support delivery of such materials today. 14 Catapult Open

Recommendations

The ideas outlined in detail represent one part of the broader opportunity • Conduct deeper dive study to understand key requirements for idea and highlighted in the workshop to utilise advanced satellite technology to support map technology landscape in order to create clear use cases. high impact applications to reduce the negative social impacts of mining and • Use cases should have increase positives. • Real-world scenarios of use with an understanding of how key stakeholders currently operate That they were voted on by workshop participants to be explored in more • Identification and understanding of challenges faced by current detail indicates a willingness from the community to pursue and engage in approaches next steps. While each concept has its own set of specific next steps to follow, • Information on impact of challenges (economic, environmental, or there are some cross cutting approaches to continued engagement that this social) report recommends. • Proposed service journey of how technological solutions could address key challenges • Primarily this report should be fed back to participants in order to capture • Assessment of impact of proposed interventions. any further feedback or input. • Utilise use cases to run cost benefit analysis on ideas • Participants should be asked explicitly which ideas they would be interested • Secondary prioritisation can then be based one: in being involved with, as well as any other stakeholders who should be • Outputs of the cost benefit analysis included in the creation of primary working groups. • Resource availability • Working group meetings should then be set in order to capture further • Continued stakeholder engagement detail on how ideas outlined link to ongoing initiatives and determine • Utilise research to create a proposal that can be shared with academic development routes. institutions and industry in order to find delivery partners for project • Technology demonstrations supported by the SAC should occur across opportunities and unlock funding (either industry or grant funded). working groups based on underpinning capabilities outlined in this report. • In parallel with this work, a review should be carried out of the broad list of • Initial opportunity prioritisation based on: ideas generated to identify opportunities for development that aligns with • Stakeholder engagement other ongoing initiatives and activities. • Funding landscape / opportunities • Perceived impact

15 Catapult Open Annex 1: Attendee List Organisations Registered

Accenture Principles for Responsible Investment AeroSpace Cornwall Queens Belfast Alcis Holdings Limited Rock Solve Altus Strategies Rosacom Ltd AssetAssurance Monitoring Satellite Applications Catapult Camborne School of Mines - University of Exeter SJK CGG South West Centre of Excellence in Satellite Applications EO Consultant Spatial Business Integration GmbH Famas Integrated Geoservices Ltd STFC GlobalTrust The Signal Group Godrej Aerospace Universidad Tenologica Nacional Insta Associates University of Leicester Institute of Physics University of Nottingham Levin Sources Limited University of Oxford Masae Analytics University of Portsmouth Mining & Sustainable Development Ltd Veritas Imagery Services Ltd. NanoAvionics (UK) WAI Nebula 42 Wardell Armstrong International North Coast Consulting Ltd Wegrowgreentech.com Novojy Xylene GmbH Pixalytics Zimble Analytica LLC PRI

16 Catapult Open Annex 2: Miro Boards Filled out on the day – See Attached Doc

17 Challenge Area 1: Illegal, Unregulated, Artisinal Mining

Monitor dumps at closed mine Need to create a workings to identify illegal activity. (This warning system is a problem in South Africa where when sensitive Need to quantify illegal mining in closed shafts often areas might be the impact on results in death). impacted, this way environment and intervention can be prioritised. communities that Need to estimate the these activities amount of mercury dumped in the have Human rights environment based on violations and the historical activities. child labour - bad Can we identify Covering large areas on foot/in hotspots? person searching for illegal for obvious mining activity is labour intensive reasons and therefore expensive for gov bodies and mining operations to stay on top of

Can we calculate Currently often volume of Earth using aeroplane removed /extracted surveys for monitoring activity by artisanal miners which is £££ & time What alternative at these consuming & labour unregulated sites? economy can be intensive derived from the Volume change mapping local area if can certainly be used to mining activities make estimates for this. However especially for are stopped? small scale mining, high resolution stereo data would be required which is not cheap. - Ed Sage Challenge Area 2: Community Engagement

Recent monitoring of site activities viewable by local stakeholders

Rehousing and displacement of residents for construction of mine is always a challenge, new communication tools might go a long way Some studies have shown that Sending large increased use of technology (e.g. exploration teams in autonomous trucks) can lead to early stages often decreased trust with communities - Could this be a creates a bad problem with satellite use? atmosphere with Especially where understanding local communities Safe placement of of satellite technology is low. Local infrastructure and road How can we get these systems. Are the current roads straight away community homes and communities to trust satellites sufficient to use for large buildings / safe placement and associated data? concentrate trucks etc. Will this of tailings. Do be a source of noise and dust communities grow close to pollution to local communities. Analyse road network systems the tailings because the and surface types. land is already cleared? Analyse risk areas from topography. Water resources and security. If the project is going to alter the water course this can have a massive impact on local communities that are dependent on the water source. Analyse existing water courses and groundwater levels. Community Engagement Alice, Anastasia, Electra, Conrad, John

Create a trusted forum in which How to get end users can satellite GROUP 1 - IDEAS BOARD - 30oft en mcompaniesi aren utes reluctant to do application full/extensive community engage with the solutions into the engagement, can satellite mining companies hands of those INSTRUCTIONS: imagery aid in their understanding as well as that need it the communities Showing local Provide a public tool 1. INTRODUCTION (5MINS) themselves communities how to create situational they will benefit Using satellite awareness of the 2. INDIVIDUAL BRAINSTORM (5MINS) from the communication mining activity to 3. DISCUSSION & CLUSTERING (15 MINS) Refine the biggest mine/mining technologies to encourage best challenges facing local 4. VOTING (5MINS) operation - how can improve local social practise in and communities (e.g. Using satellite satellites help? infrastructure such around the mine Employment, health , data to help as health services education, mistrust in the How can satellites Establishing an with the EIA and and education mining companies, pollution, environmental help the "design" of environmental SIA (planning a mine in order to how to degradation etc0> baseline for the stages) take local local area before meaningfully How can Space data/3D community modelling/immersive tech mining operation concerns into be used to help Mining starts. engage with account? companies engage with Live local local communities to environmental obtain buy- in as soon as Allowing local communities possible? communities to monitoring better shape the available to development of a Can we create visual tool Follow stakeholders with EO to support mine site and the remediation Creating satellite understanding of changes future closure plan solutions which can in the area. Community can activities be repeatable over see social benefits (schools, many geographies hospitals, other - before with minimal and after? ) ground base and Use satellite human intervention technologies for governments to monitor regulatory Governments need compliance Can we use satellite to introduce Challenge: Completing InSAR Geotechnical country/region technology to detect, over mine closure sites is already specific ESG targets To re- assure the stability of open deter and investigate somewhat a challenge given the as part of the investment encouraged vegetation growth. pit/ underground/ licencing regime conflict minerals? So deployment of Corner community that tailings facilities What are the opportunities Reflectors (Artificial radar their mining reflectors) is sometimes open data to portfolio is carrying for satellite technology to required. Closed sites are not always staffed and trespassing stakeholders out appropriate ESG verify responsible sourcing and vandalism can be a problem. measures and determination of geological and geographic provenance.

Fusion of satellite and other complimentary geospatial datasets What do we do with the satellite data when it suggests illegal mining takes place? Use geospatial information to produce 3D model of what the infrastructure would look like, in order to get local buy in. TOP IDEA SUMMARY:

Using satellite Using satellite communications and earth observations tools to benefit local stakeholders communication technologies to and mining companies/workers by improving, introducing and providing innovative improve local social infrastructure such infrastructure such as facilities for health, education and cultural understanding as health services and education This has to be accessible to all affected communities, that might be very remote and with high levels of illiteracy.

IDEA DEVELOPMENT BOARD 1 - 30 minutes

Relationship Overseas mining between mining, staff bought in community, How can you ensure long have little government not term benefits that do not understanding of turn negative. If these are established clearly languagel ocal customs and WHAT CHALLENGE ARE YOU SOLVING? funded by the mine, what who should, must do what. culture WHAT IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW? WHY IS THIS A PROBLEM? happens to the barrier schools/centres when the Local communities mining stops and the money stops. The plans for the mine against the planning & How do we get Local concerns and related activities building of a new mine. to "I wish we about the long had a mine are presented to local Effective communication term impact of It is the communities land Local communities near us!" prior to the mine, so why Local people may communities in such a using satellite imagery will the mining site concerned about the dangers not get them more not have education way that it is difficult enable the local context, The management involved in the closure and relevance and and H&S impact of local remediation. Make them on geology or for them to of geohazards Lolcal opportunities of the mining mines (e.g. tailings dams No benefits being part of the process. mining which only and mining understand. investment to become etc.). communities planned for local hazards mystifies the mine better understood. misunderstand communities, they more see the mine as a Local communities the benefits, not Angry / violent seeing any proff. negative thing. concerned about the protests aganist new enviornmental impact / expanding mines. of local mines. Clarify policies on Integrate and/or future comms: how piggy- back Use of 3D digital This could WHAT SOLUTION ARE YOU PROPOSING? mining shares, what community are responsibilities. models to show the be very broadband access HOW MIGHT TECHNOLOGY BE USED? WHO MIGHT THE USER BE? Its embedded into development of expensive with mining future comms infrastructure, mine operational satcoms (space) policies. and environmental to run Use of satellite infrastructure changes. Work with (local) gov't technologies to develop Tool created could Fusion of Space- enabled data/geospatial data Use these immersive immersive visualisations of to create e- learning, e- be accessed by all (drones)/3D modelling/immersive tech used health and other visualisations to keep the mine/mining area so Create visual within stakeholder ‘hubs’, to educate, improve Work with local satcoms enabled relevant stakeholders that local communities can stakeholders: Development of communities to understand the mine tracking of services that would up- to- date with mine mining, community, engagement, generate local community ‘buy- impacts and benefits. changes with real- time updates understand whether the developments, and use mining company can easily greatly benefit local EO's help local govs. in’ and empowerment (local communities to these as a way of local on exploration offer other supporting communities. creation of a become part of the process). community services, and input/feedback. physical entity/ and mining, using what these would be. Satcoms is an enabling location within the technology - need also to visual imagery. community where co- ordinate with national administrations and/or locals can come and NGOs to integrate satcoms interact with the capabilities with education, information etc. health or other social needs/services. Need to engage with We need buy- in in mining HOW COULD THIS BE TAKEN FORWARD? national administrations Need to engage with We need buy- in in and/or NGOs to mining companies as well - they need to see HOW COULD THIS BE FUNDED? WHAT ARE THE NEXT STEPS? governments to understand what satcoms to make them aware Engage at both benefits for them! So talk implement policies, capabilities are needed to to mining and invite to pilot of the possibilities of Government reccomendations, tax support education, health projects which could be or other social satcoms for social Establish if any Need buy- in from relifs (other tools) for and the local funded by gov money at mining to be able to needs/services. engagement and Be aware of regulatory Pilot project where (local) gov't and a level. first. implement new TECH, buy- in any existing frameworks need to the engagement local community be set up or if they with local to participate, as First and foremost initiatives, and exist and need to be communities begins create a business see if we can well as a mining model. Really Appoint a single followed. right at the start of company. identify the end contact link in to one. the mining activity. users as well as throughout the We need to pitch who is paying This is not just about project. mining to space! Need to ensure that there is a Leverage governments! It is continuation/exit plan to these also about the Comms must cover this government new community services investment continue beyond the end of the angle from the innovation community and ESG Funding opportunities & join forces with other mining activity (e.g. the schools don't close). Engage with NGOs funding to metrics beggining! So satellites networks/initiatives (immersive tech, digital twins, 3d and gov't and tech companies to create feasibility developed to include create a viable business/service modeeling, drone data etc.) to develop a fusion of plan. those capabiities. Space- enabled data/geospatial intelligence/3D Once proved get client to pay for rest of development modelling/immersive tech to be used within stakeholder ‘hubs’, to educate, improve engagement, generate local community ‘buy- in’ and empowerment (local communities to become part of the process). Illegal, Unreported, Artisinal Joel, Emma

GROUP 2 - IDEAS BOARD - 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. INTRODUCTION (5MINS) 2. INDIVIDUAL BRAINSTORM (5MINS) What are pain point for 3. DISCUSSION & CLUSTERING (15 MINS) companies within 4. VOTING (5MINS) the supply chain monitoring?

Overcoming

technical limitations there are many applications and of visual spectrum Value of AI companies which already (claim What gap data i.e. cloud cover, to) monitor illegal mining using forest cover etc. to enhance satellite technology. Can we get a comprehensive list of this and will satellite Assessing data on identify the positive and negatives/ relevance of each tech fill? water turbidity sector one? What are they not doing and that we can improve upon? SS Linking different data platforms sedimentation to know where to look for activity Identifying and Connect and What can the categorising mining collaborate satellite tech do automatically through Attribution of with existing X10 - X100 a set of indicators impact when initiatives better than the Using EO data and Direct there are current process? identification of use of satellite technology to ML to search for and primary multiple define different idicators of ASM identify areas of underground ( deforestation, changes in the illegal mining drivers mining (i.e not through indicators river geomorphology, presence using proxies) of people cluster, subsidence...) in the local What will and using AI be able to divide environment them into illegal, unregulated, happen if we regulated... don't use Satellite tech? Satellite imagery to identify location and impact of unreported What future will Satellite tech enable mining activity for companies that either mine or have To prevent illegal mining Categorisation of the type mining in their activities starting again, of activity we are seeing i.e. using Earth Observation Identifying social supply chain? Support large mining can we make claims about an operations compliance ongoing monitoring analysis to identify issues with EO operations to identify with legal framework - alternative sustainable and big data tunnel depth, to evaluate success of sources of income for the unregulated activities Use of satellite mechanisation, different approaches displaced workers. in the border of their environmental impact etc. technology to activities using satellite differenciate illegal technology mining activites to other unregulated activities such as illegal logging or illegal crops

What will it be Is there an possible to define organisation/ specifics based off public list of satellite imagery in the next few years? known artisanal Enough to monitor operations? safety? Identifying and categorising mining automatically through a set of indicators TOP IDEA SUMMAR:Y

Using EO data and ML to search for and use of satellite technology to identify areas of define different idicators of ASM illegal mining ( deforestation, changes in the through indicators river geomorphology, presence in the local of people cluster, subsidence...) environment and using AI be able to divide

them into illegal, unregulated, Use of satellite Categorisation of the type Support large mining regulated... technology to of activity we are seeing i.e. operations to identify can we make claims about differenciate illegal an operations compliance unregulated activities mining activites to with legal framework - in the border of their tunnel depth, other unregulated mechanisation, activities using satellite activities such as illegal environmental impact etc. technology logging or illegal crops

IDEA DEVELOPMENT BOARD 2 - 30 minutes

WHAT CHALLENGE ARE YOU SOLVING? WHAT IS HAPPENING RIGHT NOW? WHY IS THIS A PROBLEM?

Activities being Currently the cost and Remote sensing is a To really understand unable to map monitored are logistics of fundamental technology to over large areas very dynamic, so monitor across wide area, there is no other huge areas in having people currently it is getting even after a year updated every two years, way to monitor very remote it will have on the ground is by the time the data is using regular there it is too late regions changed a lot unmanageable satellite imagery

WHAT SOLUTION ARE YOU PROPOSING? HOW MIGHT TECHNOLOGY BE USED? WHO MIGHT THE USER BE? during exploration Utilising free given such large Good for Law artisinal mining can data can areas you would be a good indication Auditing enforcement of worthwhile give useful need ML to look Baseline map of resources Identifying a set of Which indicators for changes companies Birds eye view Identifying insights indicators and across the breadth impacts indicators from are activities that can of ASM over large satellite imagery technologically be accessed and Support large mining SAR data can regions regularly that can be viable and Challenges from operations to identify utilised for other Environmental Compliance unregulated activities updated giving see through geography that identified via ML / commercially clouds for may dictate monitoring in the border of their purposes monitoring activities using satellite trends and patterns different data that AI feasible areas usually technology cloud covered must be used

HOW COULD THIS BE TAKEN FORWARD? HOW COULD THIS BE FUNDED? WHAT ARE THE NEXT STEPS?

Identify indicators List of existing Demonstrate the Need to Create link to who might are services along value of a general understand user working group technologically existing product that can the fully needs in order to with pros and to carry out viable and build interest in define how a research cons of each to committed research commercially different user service should be feasible institutions identify the gaps communities. end users positioned