Antarctic Air-Cruise February 1-10, 2016
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[Lil 72111 Chi "Liili-S -Duvl R^Uiihj]I^ Im^'Isdtirss • Business^Ofiles • Advertising •Magazine A
The Journal of the New Zealand Antarctic Society Vol 17, No. 4, 2000 [lil 72111 chi "Liili-S -duVl r^uiiHj]i^ iM^'isDTirss • Business^ofiles • Advertising •Magazine a . " ^ newsletter publishing • Corporate communications 'V- ■• • Marketingi.. cormtownications • Media relations • Event management x • Financial PR, annual reports P 0 Box 2369 Tel ++64-3-3650344 Christchurch Fax ++64-3-3654255 New Zealand [email protected] ANTARCTIC CONTENTS Shackleton's Voyage Re-enacted Successful season at Cape Roberts Traverses by Women Surfing Antarctica Lone Rower's Attempt Our cover illustration of Shackleton's Hut is courtesy of © Colin Monteath of Hedgehog House and is sourced from his magnificent book Hunting Meteorites 'Antarctica: Beyond the Southern Ocean', published 1996 David Bateman Ltd, reprinted 1997,160pp. Titanic Icebergs Price NZ $50. Volume 17, No. 4, 2000 Looking for 'White Gold' Issue No. 171 ANTARCTIC is published quarterly by the New Tourism Zealand Antarctic Society Inc., ISSN 0003-5327. Editor Vicki Hyde. Please address all editorial enquiries to Warren Winfly 2000 Head, Publisher, 'Antarctic', PO Box 2369, Christchurch, or Tel 03 365 0344, facsimile 03 365 4255, email: [email protected] Riding the Hagglund Printed by Herald Communications, 52 Bank Street, Timaru, New Zealand. The 'Vanda Lake' Boys The Riddle of the Antarctic Peninsula Shackleton's Endurance Exhibition REVIEWS Book review - 'The Endurance' by Caroline Alexander TRIBUTE Harding Dunnett tribute Volume 17, No. 4, 2000 Antarctic NEWS SHACKLETON'S EPIC BOAT VOYAGE RE ENACTED Four men have successfully re-en Television network ROUTE OF THE JOURNEY acted Shackleton's epic 1916 open film crew aboard mak Siidgeorgien boat journey from Elephant Island to ing a documentary of South Georgia, including his climb the re-enactment. -
2. Disc Resources
An early map of the world Resource D1 A map of the world drawn in 1570 shows ‘Terra Australis Nondum Cognita’ (the unknown south land). National Library of Australia Expeditions to Antarctica 1770 –1830 and 1910 –1913 Resource D2 Voyages to Antarctica 1770–1830 1772–75 1819–20 1820–21 Cook (Britain) Bransfield (Britain) Palmer (United States) ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Resolution and Adventure Williams Hero 1819 1819–21 1820–21 Smith (Britain) ▼ Bellingshausen (Russia) Davis (United States) ▼ ▼ ▼ Williams Vostok and Mirnyi Cecilia 1822–24 Weddell (Britain) ▼ Jane and Beaufoy 1830–32 Biscoe (Britain) ★ ▼ Tula and Lively South Pole expeditions 1910–13 1910–12 1910–13 Amundsen (Norway) Scott (Britain) sledge ▼ ▼ ship ▼ Source: Both maps American Geographical Society Source: Major voyages to Antarctica during the 19th century Resource D3 Voyage leader Date Nationality Ships Most southerly Achievements latitude reached Bellingshausen 1819–21 Russian Vostok and Mirnyi 69˚53’S Circumnavigated Antarctica. Discovered Peter Iøy and Alexander Island. Charted the coast round South Georgia, the South Shetland Islands and the South Sandwich Islands. Made the earliest sighting of the Antarctic continent. Dumont d’Urville 1837–40 French Astrolabe and Zeelée 66°S Discovered Terre Adélie in 1840. The expedition made extensive natural history collections. Wilkes 1838–42 United States Vincennes and Followed the edge of the East Antarctic pack ice for 2400 km, 6 other vessels confirming the existence of the Antarctic continent. Ross 1839–43 British Erebus and Terror 78°17’S Discovered the Transantarctic Mountains, Ross Ice Shelf, Ross Island and the volcanoes Erebus and Terror. The expedition made comprehensive magnetic measurements and natural history collections. -
Antarctic Primer
Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state. -
Kinematic First-Order Calving Law Implies Potential for Abrupt Ice-Shelf Retreat
Manuscript prepared for The Cryosphere with version 3.2 of the LATEX class copernicus.cls. Date: 30 January 2012 Kinematic First-Order Calving Law implies Potential for Abrupt Ice-Shelf Retreat Anders Levermann1,2, Torsten Albrecht1,2, Ricarda Winkelmann1,2, Maria A. Martin1,2, Marianne Haseloff1,3, and Ian Joughin4 1Earth System Analysis, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany 2Institute of Physics, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany 3University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 4Polar Science Center, APL, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Correspondence to: Anders Levermann ([email protected]) Abstract. Recently observed large-scale disintegration of Antarctic ice shelves has moved their fronts closer towards grounded ice. In response, ice-sheet discharge into the ocean has accelerated, contributing to global sea-level rise and emphasizing the importance of calving-front dynamics. The position of the ice front strongly influences the stress field within the entire sheet-shelf-system 5 and thereby the mass flow across the grounding line. While theories for an advance of the ice- front are readily available, no general rule exists for its retreat, making it difficult to incorporate the retreat in predictive models. Here we extract the first-order large-scale kinematic contribution to calving which is consistent with large-scale observation. We emphasize that the proposed equation does not constitute a comprehensive calving law but represents the first order kinematic contribution 10 which can and should be complemented by higher order contributions as well as the influence of potentially heterogeneous material properties of the ice. When applied as a calving law, the equation naturally incorporates the stabilizing effect of pinning points and inhibits ice shelf growth outside of embayments. -
Paper Number: 2897 a History of Early Antarctic Fossil Discoveries in Support of the Supercontinent Gondwana Clary, R.M.1, and Sharpe, T.2
Paper Number: 2897 A History of Early Antarctic Fossil Discoveries in Support of the Supercontinent Gondwana Clary, R.M.1, and Sharpe, T.2 1Mississippi State University, Box 5448, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA; [email protected] 2Centre for Lifelong Learning, Cardiff University, UK ___________________________________________________________________________ First proposed by Eduard Suess (1831-1914), the supercontinent Gondwana included the present-day continents of South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica. Alexander Du Toit (1878-1948) expanded Suess’ work in his 1937 book, Our Wandering Continents; An Hypothesis of Continental Drifting. Correlating evidence to support the inclusion of Antarctica in the Gondwana supercontinent would result from the stratigraphic and paleontological data collected within early polar expeditions. Early rock and fossil specimens of Antarctica were recovered by the 1829-1831 Antarctic Expedition sponsored by the United States of America. The expedition included a scientific program, supported by the Lyceum for Natural History of the City of New York. James Eights (1798-1882) produced quality scientific work, including a geological description of the Shetland Islands, and the first fossil of the Antarctic—carbonized wood [1, 2]. The Norwegian expedition of 1893-1894, under Carl Anton Larsen (1860-1924), also found petrified wood fossils on Seymour Island. The wood hinted of a warmer climate in Antarctica’s past, and sparked scientific interest [3]. Within the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897-1922), additional fossils were uncovered. Cretaceous ammonites, molluscs, echinoderms and leaves were collected on Seymour Island, and additional plant fossils at Hope Bay, by geologist Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjöld (1869-1928) during the Swedish South Polar Expedition of 1901-1904. -
Biting Adventures of Polar Exploration Captivating Reads from the World's Leading Polar Bookstore the World's
The World’s Coolest Stories Biting Adventures of polar exploration Captivating reads from THe World’s leading polar bookstore ‘He was lucky.’ Roald Amundsen: The Northwest Passage ‘They found the easy route to the Pole.’ His personal diaries from the Gjøa expedition, 1900–1905 in two volumes ‘Amundsen’s claim might be fraudulent.’ t the turn of a new century Roald Amundsen diaries Roald Amundsen’s n presenting with great pleasure Roald Amundsen’s personal THE FRAM MUSEUM PRESENTS Idiaries from the Gjøa Expedition this is not just a big moment Geir O. Kløver: beganfor histhe Fram preparationsMuseum, but also an important contribution for to thethe conquest of the A dissemination of Norwegian and Canadian polar history. Roald Amundsen’s Roald Amundsen writes with great enthusiasm about the enormous Lessons from the Arctic Northwest effortsPassage, he and his crew are making which in dealing with scientifichad research eluded sailors for and Amundsen’s own studies of the Inuit and their way of life around diaries Gjoa Haven, Nunavut. After reading the diaries we know so much about the expedition, about life aboard Gjøa and among the Inuit centuries. Name: Roald Amundsen that it feels as if we have partaken in the expedition ourselves. Age: 34 Position: Captain, Amundsen is generous in his descriptions of his comrades and treats How Roald Amundsen won the race Expedition Leader all contact with, and all the information from, the Inuit with great respect. In addition, he emerges as an unprecedented planner of When: 1903 – 1905 an expedition through the Northwest Passage. After four hundred Where: The Northwest The Northwest Passage 190 to the South Pole through meticulous These unabridgedyears of attempts to solve thediaries puzzle of the Passage, are his expedition the Passage thoughts of the took place exactly as he presented his plan to the Norwegian planning and preparations over world’s mostGeographical successful Society in 1901, more than 18polar months before theexplorer departure with Gjøa. -
Antarctica, South Georgia & the Falkland Islands Field Report
Antarctica, South Georgia & the Falkland Islands January 24 - February 14, 2019 ARGENTINA West Point Island Elsehul Bay Salisbury Plain Stromness Bay Grytviken Tierra Stanley del Fuego FALKLAND SOUTH Gold Harbour ISLANDS GEORGIA Drygalski Fjord SCOTIA SEA Ushuaia Elephant Island DRAKE Spightly Island PASSAGE Port Lockroy/ Cuverville Island LEMAIRE CHANNEL Wilhelmina Bay ANTARCTIC PENINSULA Saturday, January 26, 2019 Ushuaia, Argentina / Embark Island Sky Having arrived at the Arakur Hotel & Resort in Ushuaia the day before, and caught up on at least some sleep overnight, we set out this morning to explore Tierra del Fuego National Park. Guided by our ornithologist, Jim Wilson, our birders were first out, keen to find their target species, the Magellanic woodpecker. In this they were more than successful, spotting five, both males and females. Meanwhile, the rest of us boarded a catamaran and sailed the Beagle Channel towards the national park. En route we visited several small rocky islands, home to South American sea lions, imperial and rock cormorants (or shags), and South American terns. Disembarking in the national park at Lapataia Bay, we enjoyed lunch and walking trails through the southern beech forest with views of the Beagle Channel and Lago Roca before heading back to Ushuaia by bus. Awaiting us there was our home for the next few weeks, the Island Sky. Once settled in our cabins, we went out on deck to watch the lines being cast off and we sailed out into the Beagle Channel. Our Antarctic adventure had begun! Sunday, January 27 At Sea Our day at sea began with Jim introducing us to the birds of the Falkland Islands, and preparing us for our upcoming wildlife encounters. -
Living and Working at USAP Facilities
Chapter 6: Living and Working at USAP Facilities CHAPTER 6: Living and Working at USAP Facilities McMurdo Station is the largest station in Antarctica and the southermost point to which a ship can sail. This photo faces south, with sea ice in front of the station, Observation Hill to the left (with White Island behind it), Minna Bluff and Black Island in the distance to the right, and the McMurdo Ice Shelf in between. Photo by Elaine Hood. USAP participants are required to put safety and environmental protection first while living and working in Antarctica. Extra individual responsibility for personal behavior is also expected. This chapter contains general information that applies to all Antarctic locations, as well as information specific to each station and research vessel. WORK REQUIREMENT At Antarctic stations and field camps, the work week is 54 hours (nine hours per day, Monday through Saturday). Aboard the research vessels, the work week is 84 hours (12 hours per day, Monday through Sunday). At times, everyone may be expected to work more hours, assist others in the performance of their duties, and/or assume community-related job responsibilities, such as washing dishes or cleaning the bathrooms. Due to the challenges of working in Antarctica, no guarantee can be made regarding the duties, location, or duration of work. The objective is to support science, maintain the station, and ensure the well-being of all station personnel. SAFETY The USAP is committed to safe work practices and safe work environments. There is no operation, activity, or research worth the loss of life or limb, no matter how important the future discovery may be, and all proactive safety measures shall be taken to ensure the protection of participants. -
2021-22 Antarctic & Sub-Antarctic Sea Voyages Brochure
ANTARCTIC AND SUB-ANTARCTIC SEA VOYAGES 2021·22 SE ASO N The Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) | South Georgia | Antarctic Peninsula Exclusive Partner's Edition ANTARCTIC PENINSULA AND SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS SOUTH AMERICA Falkland Islands (Malvinas) CHILE Punta Arenas Port Stanley Atacama Desert (Chile) PACIFIC OCEAN Ushuaia ATLANTIC (Argentina) OCEAN Santiago Puerto Williams (Chile) South Georgia and the Cape Horn South Sandwich Islands (Chile) Puerto Montt Drake Passage SOUTH SHETLAND South Orkney Islands ISLANDS Elephant Island Torres del Paine King George Island Frei Station (Chile) Punta Arenas Fildes Bay Livingston Island Half Moon Island Hannah Point Deception Bransfield Strait Island Joinville Island O'Higgins Trinity Island Station Esperanza Brabant Island Gerlache (Chile) Strait Station Anvers Island (Argentina) ANTARCTICA Port Lockroy (UK) Paradise Bay Petermann Island Almirante Vernadsky Station Brown Station (Ukraine) (Argentina) Biscoe Island WEDDELL SEA Antarctic Polar Circle ANTARCTIC PENINSULA SUMMARY 5 Discover Antarctica and the 19 DATES & PRICES 28 PLANNING YOUR TRIP Southern Ocean 20 Dates & Prices 29 Arrival and Departure Details 6 Traveling on our Small Expedition Ships 21 Inclusions & Exclusions 30 Flight and Hotel Package 8 Our Company 31 Packing for Your Trip 22 EXPERIENCES & ADVENTURES 32 Useful Tips 9 ITINERARIES 23 The Antarctica21 Expedition 33 Important Trip Details 11 Falklands (Malvinas) & South Georgia Experience 12 Antarctica, South Georgia & 24 Sea Kayaking in Antarctica 35 TERMS & CONDITIONS The Falkland Islands 25 Hiking and Snowshoeing in Antarctica 14 Antarctic Small Ship Expedition 26 Life on Board 27 Education Program 15 VESSELS 16 Magellan Explorer 18 Ocean Nova Travel with Antarctica21 for a transformative, once-in-a-lifetime experience Hiking in Antarctica © K. -
References the Larsen Shelf
ICE OF CROWN PRINCE GUSTAV CHANNEL, GRAHAM LAND, ANTARCTICA 409 Thus the Larsen Shelf Ice now extends north from Robertson Island into the southern end of the Channel. The position of its eastern edge, north of Robertson Island, is doubtful, but Taylor's party must have crossed it on their journey from Cape Longing to Snow Hill Island. They crossed some rifts when near Cape Foster which Russell says "might possibly open up and act as tide cracks," and it is most likely that the border between shelf and sea ice was somewhere in this area. In mid-September 1948 the edge of the shelf ice was observed to have broken back west wards to within about 24 km. of Cape Sobral. In conclusion, Larsen Shelf Ice, at the present time, extends as one continuous homogeneous sheet of varying thickness, north-eastwards from its previously mapped northern limit near Robertson Island to the Sji:igren Glacier tongue in the southern part of the Channel. Its seaward edge, whose position obviously varies from year to year, may be taken to run from Robertson Island generally north-east towards James Ross Island. North-east of the Sji:igren Glacier tongue landfast sea ice covers the northern part of the Channel and often persists for several seasons. I am indebted to Mr. J . M. Wordie, St. John's College, Cambridge, for much helpful criticism of this paper and also for the interpretation of the sea ice section. I also acknowledge with thanks the permission of the Colonial Office to publish this report. MS. -
Kinematic First-Order Calving Law Implies Potential for Abrupt Ice-Shelf
The Cryosphere, 6, 273–286, 2012 www.the-cryosphere.net/6/273/2012/ The Cryosphere doi:10.5194/tc-6-273-2012 © Author(s) 2012. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Kinematic first-order calving law implies potential for abrupt ice-shelf retreat A. Levermann1,2, T. Albrecht1,2, R. Winkelmann1,2, M. A. Martin1,2, M. Haseloff1,3, and I. Joughin4 1Earth System Analysis, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany 2Institute of Physics, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany 3University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 4Polar Science Center, APL, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Correspondence to: A. Levermann ([email protected]) Received: 28 September 2011 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 12 October 2011 Revised: 30 January 2012 – Accepted: 21 February 2012 – Published: 13 March 2012 Abstract. Recently observed large-scale disintegration of 1 Introduction Antarctic ice shelves has moved their fronts closer towards grounded ice. In response, ice-sheet discharge into the ocean Recent observations have shown rapid acceleration of lo- has accelerated, contributing to global sea-level rise and em- cal ice streams after the collapse of ice shelves fringing the phasizing the importance of calving-front dynamics. The Antarctic Peninsula, such as Larsen A and B (De Angelis position of the ice front strongly influences the stress field and Skvarca, 2003; Scambos et al., 2004; Rignot et al., 2004; within the entire sheet-shelf-system and thereby the mass Rott et al., 2007; Pritchard and Vaughan, 2007). Lateral drag flow across the grounding line. While theories for an ad- exerted by an ice-shelf’s embayment on the flow yields back vance of the ice-front are readily available, no general rule stresses that restrain grounded ice as long as the ice shelf is exists for its retreat, making it difficult to incorporate the re- intact (Dupont and Alley, 2005, 2006). -
Antarctic Peninsula the Extended Expedition to the White Continent 1 to 16 January 2013
ANTA RCTIC PENINSULA T HE E XTENDED EXP EDITION TO THE WHITE C ONTINENT C HEESEMANS’ E C OLOGY S AFARIS E XPEDITION L OG 2013 CHEESEMANS’ ECOLOGY SAFARIS EXPEDITION LOG Antarctic Peninsula The Extended Expedition to the White Continent 1 to 16 January 2013 Markus Eichenberger Willian Draisma Willian Draisma Designed by Debbie Thompson and Kate Spencer Dailies coordinated by Joe Kaplan and written by Tom Fleischner, Jessica Joganic, Rosemary Joganic, Joe Kaplan, Samantha Oester, Christina Prahl, Clemens Vanderwerf, and Shirley West; with contributions from other participants Images by passengers and sta as credited Cover Photo Almirante Brown By Kathy Richardson Back Cover Photo Grandidier Channel By Dustin Richards This Page Photo Almirante Brown By Willian Draisma COPYRIGHT NOTICE Copyright ©2013 Cheesemans’ Ecology Safaris Photographers hold the copyright to their work. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Introduction 1 For over twenty years, Cheesemans’ Ecology Safaris has op- The Expedition 2 erated the longest, most in-depth expeditions to the Ant- arctic region, a destination of supreme splendor and seren- Ushuaia and Embarkation 1 January 4 ity that deserves no less. We are honored that each of you At Sea to The Peninsula 2 January 6 chose to travel with us on this lifetime journey. Much time Half Moon Island 3 January 8 and e ort was invested, most of it “behind the scenes,” to ensure that you had the same life altering experience that Cierva Cove and Danco Island 4 January 10 so many of our previous expedition participants a rm. Cuverville Island and Port Lockroy 5 January 12 On 31 December we celebrated New Year’s Eve in Ushuaia, Antarctic Circle and Detaille Island 6 January 16 Argentina, and then boarded our ship the Ortelius the fol- Hugh Rose David Meeks Petermann and Booth Islands 7 January 18 lowing morning, sailing 2,337 miles over the next 16 days, with 97 passengers, 13 Paradise Bay and Almirante Brown 8 January 22 expedition sta , and the hardworking ship’s crew.