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Home , Antarctic Sound, Brown Bluff, Croft Bay, Dundee Island, Graham Land, Herbert Sound

58°30'W 58°00' 57°30' 57°00'W Ė Ė 500 500

100 200 500 Cape Lachman 200 OUTCROP MAP Cape LONG 11 12 2.03 ± 0.04(2) 28 30 fs Well-met ISLAND 34 Vertigo Clif 1:125 000 Scale 3 P [1.27 ± 0.08(1)] Gregor Mendel 5.16 ± 0.83(5) 29 L L F Keltie Head L DEVIL ISLAND Station (Czech) 5.67 ± 0.03(6) 7 F 28 29 7 [recalculated 27 A 3 ? weighted mean L 7 L 4 LINE OF CROSS SECTION age] L Bibby 2 ? 0.99 ± 0.05(2) F 2.67 ± 0.13(2) 12 5 3 29 Point 20 14 F 28 L 29 L 4 L Geological Map of James 30 8 L 15 5 18 ? L L 12 5.23 ± 0.57(1) 26 L 15 L L 7 3 5.32 ± 0.16(2) Berry Hill 8 L 11 30 38 15 15 L 1 ? 25 L 3 L 10 Johnson L 4 500 L 11 L 26 Sandwich 1. Volcanic Group San Carlos Mesa L Pirrie Col 30 Bengtson Clif 500 Point L 1 Bluff L L Cape Gordon 25 L 5.04 ± 0.04(2) 5.42 ± 0.08(2) L L Brandy Bay 7 ? L L 8 29 F 4.63 ± 0.57(1) 27 L 7 4 8 4.6 ± 0.4(4) 27 15 L 12 fs L 500 L BAS GEOMAP 2 Series, Sheet 5, Edition 1 F 3 L 27 29 Feb. 2000 11 6.13 ± 0.56(1) 6 4 7 L 3 20 ? 7 L 4 4 500 Stoneley 35 L L 8 4.71 ± 0.06(2) Geological interpretations, cross section, geochronology and data preparation by J.L. Smellie. Digital cartography by J.L. Smellie Point 32 35 6 CARLSON L [not in situ] 34 Abernethy Flats 38 30 32 500 30 22 4.74 ± 0.03(2) L L and A.E. Nelson. Design and layout by J.L. Smellie and T.R. Riley. Digital Elevation Model by M. Biszczuk. Geological mapping Whisky Bay ? L Mahogany ISLAND L 14 28 17 L and digital map production were undertaken as part of three British Survey Programmes: Global Interactions of the L 34 4 Leal 29 29 Bluff 25 ? 29 ? Hambrey30 30 L L Antarctic Ice Sheet (GIANTS), Greenhouse to Ice-House Evolution of the Antarctic Cryosphere & Palaeoenvironment (GEACEP) 2.0 ± 0.5(4) Clif 32 26 27 Bluff L 32 L 1 L 1.4 ± 0.3(4) 12 12 ? L 5.08 ± 0.04(2) 16 7 and Environmental Change and Evolution (ECE). 1.4 ± 0.2(4) 3 Rink Point 20 ? L L 27 7 L ? ? L 11 fs 500 4 L TRINITY ? 20 3 Davies L 20 Lachman Crags Base map for geological field mapping was (1995; James Ross Island. BAS 100 Series (topographic 7 4.78 ± 0.07(2) L L ? Dome 1 4 L 20 6 4 maps), Sheet 2, 1: 100 000. Cambridge, British Antarctic Survey) and air photographs (BAS/JR/1/79). Base map data for PENINSULA F 16 L 27 Pastorizo 7 L 12 15 4 20 bathymetry, coastlines and ice shelves are from British Antarctic Survey (2010; Northern , 1:250 000 scale, L? Bay 11 3.95 ± 0.05(2) 50 3 4 2.07 ± 0.06(2) 0 20 BAS (UKAHT) Sheets 3A and 3B, Edition 1, Cambridge, British Antarctic Survey). 12 5.64 ± 0.25(2) 29 T SOUND 29 28 San Jose Pass [not in situ] P St Martha 12 ? Andreassen km 20 Kipling Preferred reference for map: Lagrelius Point P Slopes P L Point 2.09 ± 0.11(2) HERBER ? 8 P Mesa 3.05 ± 0.70(5) SMELLIE, J.L., JOHNSON J.S. & NELSON, A.E. 2013. Geological map of James Ross Island. I. James Ross Island Volcanic V CHANNEL L Cape Lamb JAMES ROSS ISLAND VOLCANIC GROUP P [not in situ] [Late Miocene-Recent] A 5.36 ± 0.05(2) Whisky Glacier The Naze6 1 Group (1:125 000 scale). BAS GEOMAP 2 Series, Sheet 5, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. 8 5.91 ± 0.08(2) 1 Akela Col1 4 Smellie Peak P St Martha P 32 GUSTAV GROUP MARAMBIO GROUP GROUP 6 6 5.14 ± 0.38(2) 34 14 Cove 1 7 Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic; Spheroid: WGS 84; Standard parallels at 60°40'S and 63°20'S; Latitude of origin: 60°20'S. P False Island [Barremian-Coniacian] [Santonian-Palaeocene] [Palaeocene-Eocene(-Oligocene)] 7 3 5 8 L L P P 30 6.16 ± 0.08(2) L L 5 40 Point 1 5.87 ± 0.04(2) 34 P P 20 15 5.90 ± 0.17(2) L 9 L Published by BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom. This 4.6 ± 0.4(4) 4.44 ± 0.25(1) 3.57 ± 0.34(1) 32 4 1 6 L geological map is copyright © British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, 2013. All rights reserved. L [4.35 ± 0.39(2)] 32 L 5.89 ± 0.09(2) Virgin Hill 26 34 ? 8 20 10 8 [2.1 ± 1.0(4)] 12 22 25 L Lookalike Peaks 5.68 ± 0.31(1) [3.68 ± 0.82(1)] 25 P P 14 L 26 P 1 10 16 7 DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL Seacatch Nunataks ? PRINCE GUST San Fernando Hill 7 7 10 38 9 fs 5 8 3 4 30 30 32 4 7 1 0.66 ± 0.22(2) Carro Pass 5.36+-0.28(2) 15 Matkah Point 5 10 Dinn Clif 10 16 ? Stickle Ridge ? 22 Terrapin GEOLOGICAL LEGEND 7 5 22 18 12 ? 5.84 ± 0.34(2) Hill 22 16 12 28 HUMPS 42 Shrove Cove [1.94 ± 0.47(2)] Holluschicki Bay 1 F 7 10 SUB-REGION BOUNDAR Blancmange 10 ISLAND This map depicts the solid geology, i.e. with Holocene regolith removed. The representation of geological units does not imply that Massey Heights 5.47 ± 0.11(2) 20 8 6 4 24 6 Hill 25 6 6 25 8 solid rock crops out everywhere at the surface. Kotick Point Organpipe 4 4 F 4 3.1 ± 0.8(5) 2.03 ± 0.13(2) F 3 1 fs Feb. 2000 Nunatak 5.82 ± 0.56(2) F 18 8 16 30 30 4 Dreadnought Taylor 20 8 8 5 28 30 28 L F Y 500 Limmershin Clif 4.36 ± 0.21(1) L L 13 22 Point 3 20 30 5.65 ± 0.51(2) Bluff Forster Cliffs L 1 f P L 38 7 1 26 28 12 24 20 L ? 1. VOLCANIC ROCKS 3 10 3 1 F L 4 2.82 ± 0.66(2) 20 8 30 64°00'S L 5.33 ± 0.47(2) 18 5.85 ± 64°00' L ULU PENINSULA ? 500 L 7 3 0.03(2) 200 13 18 8 32 24 4.7 ± 1.1(2) 26 Sykes Cliffs 20 2.50 ± 0.07(2) LAVA-FED DELTAS L 4.53 ± 0.08(2) 10 L [3.5 ± 0.5(4)] 4 20 1.15 ± 0.12(2) L 4.64 ± 0.09(2) L 4 ? Patalamon 1 Donnachie10 Clif 2.38 ± 0.41(2) L 7 Basaltic volcanic units resembling sedimentary deltas but formed of subaerial pahoehoe capping lavas (”topset beds”) overlying L 1.53 ± 0.18(1) ? ? L Mesa 5 13 -0.26 ± 0.34(2) F ? 20 32 20 subaqueously deposited steeply-dipping foreset beds of hyaloclastite breccia. Each delta was formed during a single voluminous 24 L 6.02 ± 0.12(2) L 30 ? 5.37 ± 0.37(2) L L eruption, mainly from vent(s) at but also from several outlying flank and satellite centres (e.g. Dobson Dome, L 16 L 20 22 Dobson Dome L ? L L 25 islands in ). Eruptions were mainly subglacial. Divided into three sub-regions to aid depiction. No lava-fed 1 L 4.68 ± 0.20(1) L 22 Stark ? 36 F 5.17 ± 0.05(2) 500 deltas are known to occur in more than one sub-region. The delta formations are arranged chronologically for each sub-region. 40 Back Mesa P 16 [not in situ] Blyth Point 1 7 38 L P 16 500 19 Skep Point 28 13 L 1 Spur 4 8 3 26 L 24 4 4 26 ULU PENINSULA VEGA ISLAND Gin Cove Sentinel Buttress 8 1 7 ? ? FOUR-TIMES VERTICAL 4 Croft 24 5.01+-0.12(2) 8 EXAGGERATION 5.36 ± 0.51(1) 5 13 19 Dobson Dome Formation 30 Keltie Head Formation Ineson Glacier L 22 5.4 ± 0.3(4) 1 26 L 6 Bay 6.5 ± 0.3(4) 20 5.45 ± 0.32(1) 18 Donnachie Cliffs Formation 29 Cape Well-met Formation 5.01 ± 1.62(5) 500 24 8 5.26 ± 0.10(2) ? 1 6 4 ? 7 L 8 17 28 Vertigo Cliffs Formation Tumbledown 1 L ? Lachman Crags Formation 1 Ula Point ? L Mesa L ? 16 Palisade Nunatak L 24 7 500 16 27 8 15 Patalamon Mesa Formation Sandwich Bluff Formation L L L L L 13 L 13 L 3 L L L 15 7 2.68+-0.04(2) 8 Johnson Mesa Formation 3 Flett L 3.13 ± 0.76(5) EASTERN & SOUTHERN L L L 1 16 L 8 L Lonely 3.94 ± 0.85(3) Buttress 7 4.69 ± 0.25(2) 1000 8 14 Smellie Peak Formation JAMES ROSS ISLAND L Rock

Rum Cove Crisscross L 8 6 13 26 L Tumbledown Formation Jefford Point Formation L Crags 5.15+-0.33(1)

13 12 Kipling Mesa Formation 25 Sungold Hill Formation 25 8 L L L 8 13 5.37 ± 0.35(1) L Flatcap Point 13 11 24 1 8 Cape Lachman Formation Forster Cliffs Formation 1 Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed 1 deltas in cliffs Molley Corner Coley Glacier 10 23 Jonkers Mesa Formation 8 Stickle Ridge Formation

2.23 ± 0.05(2) 9 22 Ekelof Point Formation Cape Obelisk 8 Eugenie Spur Lookalike Peaks Formation 500 7 Cape Gage 21 Hamilton Formation Feb. 2000 L 8 L L 23 20 28 Taylor Bluff Formation 4 “Volcan Eugenie” 28 42 “Volcan Marina” 5 3.08 ± 0.15(2) L Uncorrelated lava-fed delta formations (all sub-regions); 1500 22 16500 8 [Crater] 42 L 35 deltas distinguished by pale & dark grey coloration where possible Röhss Bay 38 32 38 5 [Crater] 8 [Crater] 3.51 ± 0.07(2) L L 23 3.38 ± 0.08(2) L 32 COCKBURN ISLAND 8 L 23 20 L 1 PYROCLASTIC AND INTRUSIVE ROCKS 7 F 25 [2.85 ± 0.62(2)] [2.78 ± 0.03(3)] 10 20 [2.9 ± 0.4(7)] L 24 Rhino Jonkers Mesa L Terrapin Hill Formation: Basaltic cone deposits (khaki grey to yellow-orange, well stratified basaltic lapilli tuffs); formed 3.01 ± 0.07(2) L 30 7 Corner 1 35 4 8 [3.65 ± 0.3(8)] JAMES ROSS ISLAND 4.8 ± 0.3(7) during highly explosive Surtseyan-style hydromagmatic eruptions; mainly marine; rarely fossiliferous F 1000 fs 8 F F 8 L 23 20 L 8 3 Palisade Nunatak Formation: Basaltic hypabyssal intrusions, including sills, dykes and irregular intrusive masses, mainly Mount F 3 22 20 6 Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed 30 30 L 8 1 within & coeval with the tuff cones; most are small and not all are depicted on the map 8 25 L F Haddington deltas in cliffs 3 36 (1630 m) Rhino Clif 22 4 23 8 L Other volcanic rocks: Mostly basaltic scoria cone deposits (crudely bedded lapillistones, mainly dark grey, locally red); 8 3.62 ± 0.03(2) F 5 1 22 products of essentially dry magmatic eruptions. Includes diatreme outcrop at southern Naze PERSSON ISLAND 3 1 Gourdon Glacier 1 23 30 3.41 ± 0.16(2) L L 24 22 ? Ekelof Point F L L Marambio Station 2. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS L “Volcan Elba” 5 (Argentina) Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed 4 L Andreassen Point Formation: Areas affected by large-scale mass movements, comprising jumbled volcanic blocks each deltas in cliffs [Crater] 4 2.49 ± 0.02(2) 4 Feb. 2000 St Rita Point 3 tens of metres high and up to hundreds of metres long, derived by collapse and degradation of lava-fed delta margins. June 2010 Mostly Holocene? One Pliocene example known (overlain by the Forster Cliffs Formation). Boundaries approximate. L 64°15' 64°15' L 5 ? 2.2 ± 0.5(4) F 3.3 ± 0.8(4) Hobbs Glacier, & Cockburn Island formations: Neogene-Quaternary sedimentary rocks; poorly-bedded F 4 3 and massive diamicts and conglomerates mostly deposited from and adjacent to glacial ice; locally rich in macrofossils ? 1 1 especially pectinids; also highly fossiliferous marine sandstones & conglomerates. Deposits mainly thin (< few metres) 8 L 26 ? SEYMOUR but locally up to 150 m (Stickle Ridge/Massey Hts). 8 4 Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed 21 3 Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed deltas in cliffs Hobbs Glacier F Mendel Formation: Thick (> 80 m) Late Miocene sequence of fossiliferous diamicts and sands variously glacigenic, deltas in cliffs ISLAND 2 L Rabot Point 25 glaciomarine and marine in origin; only known on northwestern James Ross Island, south-west of Cape Lachman. L 8 1 SOUND 6.8 ± 0.5(9)

8 TY 6 1 Cretaceous-Eocene strata (undifferentiated): > 5 km of well-bedded sandstones, conglomerates and mudstones deposited 1000 1000 1 in deep and shallow marine shelf, deltaic and estuarine settings. Highly fossiliferous. Fleet Glacier 7 L Multiple uncorrelated lava-fed 6 deltas in cliffs 8 21 26 6 3. SYMBOLS ? 1 L 7 25 L ADMIRAL 4.8 ± 0.3(7) 21 7 Cretaceous-Neogene boundary Ar age Number in brackets corresponds to source reference; 26 Swift Glacier Nelson Clif Cape Broms 8 L L Geological boundary (dashed where 6.8 ± 0.5(9) K-Ar age ages in italics are probably unreliable L fs L inferred) 26 P? L Symbol used to indicate either (1) stratigraphical correlation uncertain 26 L 6 L ? 8 P? 1 Bedding orientation (lava-fed deltas) or an unverified interpretation of an outcrop (e.g. L 7 6 21 L Lomas Ridge 26 21 8 tuff cones) 500 32 3.60 ± 0.29(2) 3.69+-0.04(2) 6 Stratigraphical unit notation ait Glacier 18 34 L T 28 L 22 1.86 ± 0.05(2) 4 L F Neogene sedimentary outcrop (small) P 27 L L 18 Bathymetric 6 24 L Rock coastline Ice contour P 20 F Neogene macrofossil locality L L 28 20 1 contour (metres) 36 18 (100 m interval) 34 2.23 ± 0.33(2) 15 L 24 21 Subaerial lavas capping lava-fed deltas Feb. 2000 Ice coastline 500 L 10 L Hamilton Point 8 34 P Lava pillows June 2010 Swift Bay Tortoise MAP COMPILATION DIAGRAM 25 L L Hill 7 25 ? Sungold 8 1 L 8 ? Hill L L The 2.30 ± 0.36(2) SOURCES: ? 7 30 Watchtower h 500 25 26 L a a. Smellie, JL, 2001-2011, L 24 ? L fieldwork 25 15 a e,b Nygren Point Carlsson Bay 7 b. Smellie, JL, 2001-2011, 6 5 2.45 ± 0.09(2) 1.92 ± 0.09(2) 28 15 8 10 binocular observations c. Johnson, JS, 2003-2004, 2.1 ± 0.7(5) 8 L? 8 REFERENCES 34 L 24 Jefford Point a fieldwork Scale: 1:125 000 L 16 100 d. Sykes, MA (1989) 25 2.03 ± 0.07(2) 25 a e. Nelson, PHH (1975) 45 e,b f. Jonkers, HA (1998) kilometres L 1. Sykes, M.A. (1988) New K-Ar age determinations on the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, north-east , . British Antarctic Survey ? L d e g. Montes et al. (2013) 20 a Bulletin, 80, 51-56. 25 h. Nyvlt et al. (2011) 0 2.5 7.5 10 25 2. Smellie, J.L., Johnson, J.S., McIntosh, W.C., Esser, R., Gudmundsson, M.T., Hambrey, M.J. & van Wyk de Vries, B. (2008) Six million years of glacial 5 e,b i. Pirrie et al. (1997b) 1 LOCKYER ISLAND a history recorded in the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 260, 122-148. 3. Lawver, L.A., Keller, R.A., Fisk, M.R. & Strelin, J.A. 1995. Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula: Active extension behind a dead arc. In Taylor, B. (ed.) Back L c 0 2.5 5 Inoceramus Point 7 a arc basins: Tectonics and magmatism. Plenum Press, New York & London, pp. 315-342. L 8 L L b b e 4. Rex, D.C. 1976. Geochronology in relation to the stratigraphy of the Antarctic Peninsula. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, 43, 49-58. miles 25 300 e L 8 5. BAS (I.P. Skilling), unpublished data. L 6. Nyvlt, D., Kosler, J., Mlcoch, B., Mixa, P., Bubik, M. & Hendriks, B.W.H. (2011) The Mendel Formation: Evidence for Late Miocene climatic cyclicity at the L 1 northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 299, 363-384. e 7. Jonkers, H.A. & Kelley, S.P. 1998. A reassessment of the age of the Cockburn Island Formation, northern Antarctic Peninsula, and its palaeoclimatic L f 58°30'W 58°00' Cape Foster implications. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 155,737-740. 8 A 8. Webb, P.-N. & Andreasen, J.E. 1986. Potassium/argon dating of volcanic material associated with the Pliocene Pecten Conglomerate (Cockburn Island) L 1 a 57°30’ 57° 56°30’ 56°W L a and Scallop Hill Formation (McMurdo Sound). Antarctic Journal of the United States, 21, 59. g 9. Baker, P.E., Buckley, F. & Rex, D.C. 1977. Cenozoic volcanism in the Antarctic. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B279, 131-142.

750 500

500 a 10. Rex, D.C. 1971. K-Ar age determinations on volcanic and associated rocks from the Antarctic Peninsula and Dronning Maud Maud Land. In Adie, R.J. (ed.) 250 200 63°30’ Antarctic geology and geophysics. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, pp. 133-136. 63°30’ A A D U N D E E Eden e U L 1.22 ± 0.39(2) Rocks e,b N S N 11. Massabie, A.C. & Morelli, J.R. 1977. Buchitas de la Isla Vicecomodoro Marambio, Sector Antartico Argentino. Revista de la Asociaciion Geologica N I 250 P E Chaucheprat T Argentina, 32, 44-51. 250 I T Y D U S E 1.1 ± 0.1(4) Point A I S L A N D I N JONASSEN R a 12. Clark, N., Williams, M., Okamura, B., Smellie, J., Nelson, A., Knowles, T., Taylor, P., Leng, M., Zalsiewicz, J. & Haywood, A. 2010. Early Pliocene Weddell T R Abel Brown View Point F C Nunatak 500 Sea seasonality determined from bryozoans. Stratigraphy, 7, 199-206. R Bluff Cain 200 ISLAND T Nunatak I 13. Concheyro, A., Salani, F.M., Adamonis, S. & Lirio, J.M. 2007. Los depositos diamictiticos Cenozoicos de la cuenca James Ross, Antartida: una sintesis D I C S ROSAMEL I T 0.132 ± 0.19(4) stratigrafica y nuevos hallazgos paleontologicos. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina, 62, 568-585. 500 B A Y 1.69 ± 0.03(2) Buttress Gamma Hill J Yalour Sound ISLAND O 0.3 ± 0.1(9) 14. Carrizo, H.G., Torielli, C.A., Strelin, J.A. & Muñoz, C.E.J. 1998. Ambiente eruptivo del; Grupo Volcánico Isla James Ross en Riscos Rink, Isla James Hill Cape O e,b F ? Scrymgeour U 1 Ross, Antártida. Revista de la Asociación Argentina, 53, 469-479. Stepup Col PAULET 0 20 250 S N 64°30'S 15. Gazdzicki, A., Tatur, A., Hara, U. & Del Valle, R.A. 2004. The Weddell Sea Formation: Post-late Pliocene terrestrial glacial deposits on Seymour Island, E Y R I E B A Y 1.7 ± 0.2(4) O D ISLAND U ? A N D E R S S O N Cape I Antarctic Peninsula. Polish Polar Research, 25, 189-204. Seven Buttresses km 64°30S' Jade Point 2.0 ± 0.2(4) BEAK ISLAND N Purvis D I S L A N D 16. Hambrey,M.J. & Smellie, J.L. 2006. Distribution, lithofacies and environmental context of Neogene glacial sequences on James Ross and Vega islands, Cone 0.9 ± 0.2(10) Antarctic Peninsula. In Francis, J.E., Pirrie, D. & Crame, J.A. (eds) Cretaceous-Tertiary high-latitude palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, Antarctica. Nunatak Cape McCalman Bald Betbeder Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 258, 187-200. Peak 58°30'WHead 58°00' 57°00'W Tongue 17. Hambrey, M.J., Smellie, J.L., Nelson, A.E. & Johnson, J.S. 2008. Cenozoic glacier-volcano interaction on James Ross Island and adjacent areas, Antarctic Scree The Rocks 200 Peninsula region. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 120, 709-731. Crystal Peak Hill Horn 1.7 ± 0.2(4) Cape TAIL 18. Ivany, L.C., Van Simaeys, S., Domack, E.W. & Samson, S.D. 2006. Evidence for an earliest Oligocene ice sheet on the Antarctic Peninsula. Geology, 34, 2.0 ± 0.2(4) Green ISLAND Cape 377-380. 2.47 ± 0.38(1) Burd 19. Johnson, J.S. & Smellie, J.L. 2007. Zeolite compositions as proxies for eruptive paleoenvironment. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 8, E A G L E 500 GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE JAMES ROSS ISLAND VOLCANIC GROUP Camp I S L A N D doi:10.1029/2006GC001450. Hill EGG 2.7 ± 0.5(10) 20. Johnson, J.S., Smellie, J.L., Nelson, A.E. & Stuart, F.M. 2009. History of the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet since the early Pliocene - Evidence from ISLAND James Ross Island Volcanic Group Southwestern Northwestern Eastern Southern cosmogenic dating of Pliocene lavas on James Ross Island, Antarctica. Global and Planetary Change, 69, 205-213. Vega Island James Ross Island James Ross Island Terrapin Hill area James Ross Island James Ross Island 21. Jonkers, H.A. 1998. The Cockburn Island Formation; Late Pliocene interglacial sedimentation in the James Ross Basin, northern Antarctic Peninsula. E R E B U S A N D AGE (Ma) Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 36, 63-76. RED ISLAND Vent location (known) “Volcan Marina”, [Several ka?] 0 “Volcan Elba” 22. Jonkers, H.A., Lirio, J.M., Del Valle, R.A. & Kelley, S.P. 2002. Age and environment of Miocene-Pliocene glaciomarine deposits, James Ross Island, CORRY -0.26 ± 0.34 Dobson Dome Fm

Vortex I. Antarctica. Geological Magazine, 139, 577-594.

1.6 ± 0.2(9) ISLAND kilometres Vent location (inferred) [<80 ka?] 500 T E R R O R 23. Jordan, T.A., Ferraccioli, F., Jones, P.C., Smellie, J.L., Ghidella, M. & Corr, H. 2009. Airborne gravity reveals interior of Antarctic volcano. Physics of the 0 5 10 1.69 ± 0.03(2) 63°45’S Earth and Planetary Interiors, 175, 127-136. 63°45’ 500 G U L F Ar age (source ref. in brackets) 0.66 ± 0.22 Terrapin Hill 24. Kristjansson, L., Gudmundsson, M.T., Smellie, J.L., McIntosh, W.C. & Esser, R. 2005. Palaeomagnetic, 40Ar/39Ar, and stratigraphical correlation of Miocene-Pliocene in the Brandy Bay area, James Ross Island, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 17, 409-417. Cape Lachman 200 1.6 ± 0.2(9) Cape Well-met 0 5 1 s miles 25. Lirio, J.M., Nunez, H.J., Bertels Psotka, A. & Del Valle, R.A. 2003. Diamictos fosiliferos (Mioceno-Pleistoceno): Formaciones Belen, Gage y Terrapin en la C l i ff K-Ar age (source ref. in brackets) 1.15 ± 0.12 Donnachie Cliffs Fm Keltie Head i g o Devil Island isla James Ross, Antartida. Revista de la Asociacion geologica Argentina, 58, 298-310. Ve r t V E G A I S L A N D 26. Marenssi, S.A., Casadio, S. and Santillana, S.N. (2010) Record of Late Miocene glacial deposits on Isla Marambio (Seymour Island), Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic Science, 22, 193-198. 57°30’ 57° 56°30’ 56°W 57°30' 57°00'W 27. McArthur, J.M., Rio, D., Massari, F., Castradori, D., Bailey, T.R., Thirlwall, M. & Houghton, S. 2006. A revised Pliocene record for marine-87Sr/86Sr used to Keltie Head Fm 1.89 ± 0.07 Jefford Point Fm date an interglacial event recorded in the Cockburn Island Formation, Antarctic Peninsula. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 242, 2 2.03 ± 0.04 Cape Well-met Fm 2.03 ± 0.13 Taylor Bluff 2.03 ± 0.07 Sungold Hill Fm 126-136. Cape Gage, Cape Geddes 2.23 ± 0.05 2.23 ± 0.33 Tortoise Hill 28. Montes, M., Nozal, F., Santillana, S., Marenssi, S. & Olivero, E. 2013. Mapa geologico de la Isla Marambio (Seymour). Escala 1:20 000. Instituto Antartico A GEOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION (Line A-A drawn on the map) A uncorrelated Argentino, Buenos Aires. 1 1 Vertigo Cliffs c. 2.5? Sykes Cliffs, 2.45 ± 0.09 Sungold Hill V E G A I S L A N D uncorrelated 2.50 ± 0.07 Forster Cliffs Fm 2.49 ± 0.02 St Rita Pt 2.67 ± 0.13 Vertigo Cliffs Fm [or> >5] 29. Nelson, A.E., Smellie, J.L., Hambrey, M.J., Williams, M., Vautravers, M., Salzmann, U., McArthur, J.M. & Regelous, M. 2009. Neogene glacigenic debris Vertical exaggeration x2 Mt Haddington metres (Forster Cliffs Fm?) “Volcan Eugenie” flows on James Ross Island, northern Antarctic Peninsula, and their implications for regional climate history. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28, 3138-3160. 30. Nelson, A.E., Smellie, J.L., Williams, M. & Zalasiewicz, J. 2008. Late Miocene marine trace fossils from James Ross Island. Antarctic Science, 20, 591-592. Virgin 1500 Swift Glacier, Trinity Peninsula Carlson Dobson Dome 3 uncorrelated 31. Nelson, P.H.H. 1975. The James Ross Island Volcanic Group of north-east Graham Land. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports, 54, 62 pp. Kipling Hill Seacatch 3.08 ± 0.15 Jonkers Mesa Fm Island Nunataks 1000 Rhino Corner, 32. Pirrie, D., Crame, J.A., Riding, J.B., Butcher, A.R. & Taylor, P.D. 1997a. Miocene glaciomarine sedimentation in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region: the Mesa Hamilton Point Snow Hill Island 3.38 ± 0.08 uncorrelated Prince Gustav Channel Admiralty Sound stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Hobbs Glacier Formation, James Ross Island. Geological Magazine, 136, 745-762. 500 3.62/3.41 Ekelof Point Fm 3.69 ± 0.04 Hamilton Point Fm 33. Pirrie, D., Crame, J.A., Lomas, S.A. & Riding, J.B. 1997b. Late Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Admiralty Sound region, James Ross Basin, Antarctica. 0 Cretaceous Research, 18, 109-1037. 34. Salzmann, U., Riding, J.B., Nelson, A.E. & Smellie, J.L. 2011. How likely was a green Antarctic Peninsula during warm Pliocene interglacials? A critical 4 3.95 ± 0.05 Lachman Crags Fm reassessment based on new palynofloras from James Ross Island. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 309, 73-82. 35. Skilling, I.P. 1994. Evolution of an englacial volcano: , Antarctica. Bulletin of Volcanology, 56, 573-591. Volcanic rocks of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group -1000 LEGEND 36. Skilling, I.P. 2002. Basaltic pahoehoe lava-fed deltas: large-scale characteristics, clast generation, emplacement processes and environmental discrimination. In Smellie, J.L. & Chapman, M.G. (eds) Volcano-ice interaction on Earth and Mars. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 202, 91-113. Patalamon Mesa Fm Scoria cone Deformed Permo-Triassic 4.64 ± 0.09 37. Smellie, J.L. 2006.The relative importance of supraglacial versus subglacial meltwater escape in basaltic subglacial tuya eruptions: an important unresolved Crisscross Crags & 4.78 ± 0.07/ Davies Dome Bibby Pt Cockburn Island Fm metasedimentary rocks -2000 (Patalamon Fm?) Lava-fed delta conundrum. Earth-Science Reviews, 74, 241-268. James Ross Island Volcanic Group Patalamon Mesa 4.71 ± 0.06 4.8 ± 0.4 Cockburn Island, (Trinity Peninsula Group) Flett Buttress, 38. Smellie, J.L. & Skilling, I.P. 1994. Products of subglacial eruptions under different ice thicknesses: two examples from Antarctica. Sedimentary Geology, 91, 5 Crisscross Crags, 5.04 ± 0.04 Johnson Mesa Fmn 5.15 ± 0.33 uncorrelated Tuff cone intruded by Jurassic- uncorrelated uncorrelated 115-129. Elastic-plastic layer of Cretaceous sediments (green) overlying older c. 5.17-5.26 5.14 ± 0.38 Smellie Pk Fm Neogene sediments 5.36 ± 0.05 Tumbledown Mesa Fm 39. Smellie, J.L., McArthur, J.M., McIntosh, W.C. & Esser, R. 2006. Late Neogene interglacial events in the James Ross Island region, northern Antarctic Cretaceous plutons Cretaceous sediments deformed by ductile flow (grey) by sinking of Cretaceous-Eocene sedimentary strata -3000 [Smellie Pk scoria cone remnant] 5.47 ± 0.11 Forster Valley, Unconformity 5.42 ± 0.08 Sandwich Bluff Fm Kipling Mesa Fm c. 5.3-5.6 Cape Lachman Fm uncorrelated Peninsula, dated by Ar/Ar and Sr-isotope stratigraphy. Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 242, 169-187. the Mt Haddington volcanic edifice (Jordan et al., 2009). Mahogany Bluff, 5.36 ± 0.28 Seacatch Nunataks, uncorrelated Cretaceous-Eocene Sandwich Bluff Blancmange Hill, 40. Smellie, J.L., McIntosh, W.C., Esser, R. & Fretwell, P. 2006. The Cape Purvis volcano, (northern Antarctic Peninsula): late Pleistocene age, Trinity Peninsula Group and plutonic rocks c. 5.9-5.4 Mendel Fm Stoneley Pt 5.84 ± 0.34 strata 5.87 ± 0.04 Virgin Hill, uncorrelated uncorrelated eruptive processes and implications for a glacial palaeoenvironment. Antarctic Science, 18, 399-408. (undifferentiated) -4000 5.9 ± 0.17 Virgin Hill, Rink Point c. 5.90 Stickle Ridge Fm 5.85 ± 0.03 6 Taylor Bluff Fm No Outcrop 41. Sykes, M.A. 1989. The petrology and tectonic significance of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, Antarctica. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, 6.02 ± 0.12 Patalamon Mesa 6.16 ± 0.08 Lookalike Pks Fm 218 pp. [unpublished.] -5000 Arrows signifying 42. Williams, M., Smellie, J.L., Johnson, J.S. & Blake, D.B. 2006. Late Miocene Asterozoans (Echinodermata) in the James Ross Island Volcanic Group. outcrop age uncertain Antarctic Science, 18, 117-122. (may be older/younger) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 kilometres 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 43. Williams, M., Nelson, A.E., Smellie, J.L., Leng, M.J., Johnson, A.L.A., Jarram, D.R., Haywood, A.M., Peck, V.L., Zalasiewicz, J., Bennett, C. & Schone, B.R. 2010. Sea ice extent and seasonality for the Early Pliocene northern Weddell Sea. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 292, 306-318.