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Baptiste Lake Natural Heritage Inventory July 2007

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Baptiste Lake Natural Heritage Inventory July 2007 Baptiste Lake Natural Heritage Inventory Draft Version 3.0 July 7th, 2007 Comments are Welcome Photos – Kan Chhatwal and FPSI French Planning Services Inc 1016 Holiday Park Drive, RR #2 Bracebridge, Ontario, Canada P1L 1W9 Introduction The purpose of this study is to examine the natural heritage areas and features in the Baptiste Lake watershed and identify potential constraints and opportunities for present and new land development and resource management. Watershed boundaries, water quality, vegetation, streams, wetlands, fish, wildlife, invasive species and Species at Risk are discussed in this inventory. The Natural Heritage Inventory will answer the following questions What is in our watershed? What was the effect of the dam on the natural environment? What did the lake look like before it was flooded? What is the current quality of our water? Why is the natural vegetation important to the health of Baptiste Lake? What do we know about the streams that flow into Baptiste Lake? How are the wetlands important to the lake? What fish and wildlife species are found in the Baptiste Lake watershed? Was Baptiste Lake always a Lake Trout lake? Are there any invasive species in the watershed? Are there any species at risk in the watershed lake? The information provided is intended to assist the community of Baptiste Lake and the Baptiste Lake Association in working with Crown, County and Municipal agencies in establishing appropriate guidelines for the future development of the lake. These recommendations must be reviewed by all community members (rural, village and shoreline residents, business operators), the people who directly or indirectly depend on the lake, including any government or non government body that has a stake in the future health and development of the lake. Table of Contents 1. General Description of Baptiste Lake Watershed .......................................... 1 2. Water Quality ..........................................................................................................6 Nutrient Levels and Water Clarity .........................................................................8 Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature ....................................................................8 Major Water Quality Concerns for Property Owners.............................................9 Turbidity (Siltation)................................................................................................9 Nutrient Enrichment ............................................................................................11 Bacterial Contamination .....................................................................................12 Future Monitoring Needs .................................................................................... 12 3. Natural Areas ................................................................................................... 14 Vegetation........................................................................................................... 14 Importance of Vegetation............................................................................... 14 Shorelines and Uplands of Baptiste Lake ................................................ 17 The Vegetative Community ...................................................................... 17 Streams .............................................................................................................. 20 The Importance of Streams ........................................................................... 20 Baptiste Lake Streams .................................................................................. 21 Wetlands............................................................................................................. 22 Importance of Wetlands ................................................................................. 22 Baptiste Lake Wetlands ................................................................................. 23 Provincially Significant Wetlands ..................................................................25 4. Fish and Fish Habitat ........................................................................................ 28 Introduction .........................................................................................................28 Historical Changes to Baptiste Lake’s Fishery.................................................... 29 Fish Management and Stocking History ............................................................. 30 Fisheries Management Strategies ...................................................................... 30 Stocking History............................................................................................. 31 Monitoring Water Quality and Quantity .......................................................... 33 Spawning Surveys and Tagging Programs.................................................... 34 Lake Trout Lake.................................................................................................. 36 Lake Trout Ecology........................................................................................37 Carrying Capacity .......................................................................................... 37 5. Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat................................................................................39 Core and Corridor Habitats ................................................................................. 39 Wildlife ................................................................................................................ 40 Locally Rare Wildlife and their Significant Habitat.......................................... 42 Birds.................................................................................................................... 43 Nesting Sites.................................................................................................. 45 Reptiles and Amphibians .................................................................................... 46 Global Population Decline.............................................................................. 48 Baptiste Lake Draft Version 3.0 – July 7th, 2007 i Natural Heritage Inventory 6. Invasive Species .............................................................................................. 51 Invasive Species in Baptiste Lake’s Watershed.................................................. 51 Rock Bass and Other “Introduced” Fish Species ................................................ 52 Zebra mussels and Spiney Water-Flea............................................................... 53 Purple loosestrife and Eurasian milfoil................................................................ 53 7. Species at Risk.................................................................................................. 56 Baptise Lake Sub-watershed Species at Risk Occurrences ............................... 58 De-listed Species at Risk.................................................................................... 59 Madawaska River Watershed Species at Risk Occurrences .............................. 60 Baptise Lake-Madawaska River Watershed Rare Species Occurrences............ 61 8. References ............................................................................................................64 Baptiste Lake Draft Version 3.0 – July 7th, 2007 ii Natural Heritage Inventory List of Maps 1. Madawaska River Watershed.......................................................................... 1 2. Baptiste Lake – 2007 ......................................................................................... 3 3. Baptiste Lake – Potential and Active Lake Trout Spawning Sites............. 34 4. Potential Walleye Spawning Sites.................................................................. 35 List of Figures 1. Definitions of Trophic Status................................................................................. 6 2. Water Quality Parameters of Baptiste Lake for the Sampling Period of 1965 to 2006 ......................................................................................................... 10 3. Human Related Impacts.................................................................................... 14 4. Shoreline Areas ................................................................................................... 15 5. Ribbon of Life ....................................................................................................... 15 6. Common Riparian, Wetland and Upland Tree Species in the Baptiste Lake – Madawaska River Watershed .............................................................. 16 7. Common Riparian, Shoreline and Wetland Shrubs and Herbs in Baptiste Lake’s watershed ................................................................................................ 18 8. Wetland Types Common to the Baptiste Lake Sub-watershed .................. 23 9. Wetland Plants Common to Baptiste Lake’s Marshes, Swamps, Fens and Bogs....................................................................................................................... 24 10. Fish Species in Baptiste Lake ............................................................................. 28 11. Stocking History in Baptiste Lake....................................................................... 31 12. List of Common Mammals in the Baptiste Lake-Madawaska River Watershed...........................................................................................................
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