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History of the Periodic Table Activity Sheet

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Noble gases Group 1 History of the Group 18 1.008 4.003 H Alkaline earth He metals Halogens 1 Group 2 Periodic TablePeriodic Table Group 13 Group 14 Group 15 Group 16 Group 17 2 6.94 9.012 10.81 12.011 14.007 15.999 18.998 20.180 Li Be B C N O F Ne 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 22.990 24.305 26.982 28.085 30.974 32.06 35.45 39.95 Na Mg Transition metals Al Si P S Cl Ar 11 12 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 Group 8 Group 9 Group 10 Group 11 Group 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 39.098 40.078 44.956 47.867 50.942 51.996 54.938 55.845 58.933 58.693 63.546 65.38 69.723 72.630 74.922 78.971 79.904 83.798 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 85.468 87.62 88.906 91.224 92.906 95.95 [98] 101.07 102.906 106.42 107.868 112.414 114.818 118.710 121.760 127.60 126.904 131.293 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 132.905 137.327 138.905 178.49 180.948 183.84 186.207 190.23 192.217 195.084 196.967 200.592 204.38 207.2 208.980 [209] [210] [222] Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os TheseIr activitiesPt have been createdAu Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 by77 the Royal Society78 of Chemistry79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 to help celebrate the International [223] [226] [227] [267] [268] [269] [270] [269] Year[278] of the Periodic[281] Table. [280] [285] [286] [289] [289] [293] [294] [294] Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs MtFind out moreDs at: www.rsc.org/iyptRg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 Alkali metals 140.116 140.908 144.242 [145] 150.36 151.964 157.25 158.925 162.500 164.930 167.259 168.934 173.054 174.967 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Lanthanides 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 232.038 231.036 238.029 [237] [244] [243] [247] [247] [251] [252] [257] [258] [259] [262] Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Actinides Wall chart © Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Registered charity number: 207890 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 www.rsc.org/periodic-table Instructions • Print “blank newspapers” • Print and cut out “pieces of information” • In groups, students are to match “pieces of information” to correct “newspaper” timeline. • For each timeline there are hint cards and stretch and challenge cards. • Numeracy and literacy challenges embedded • Each student to use completed “newspapers” to fill in summary sheets. Objectives of classroom activity: The timeline for the development of the model of the atom is clearly outlined in many schemes of work, so this activity follows that timeline with the addition of information relating to the development of the periodic table. Students do not necessarily have to know about the existence of atoms, or the atomic model before starting the exercise. Age group KS2 to KS3, there are hint cards for scaffolding (possibly KS4 depending on the group and use of stretch and challenge Qs). The teacher can be more specific with the objectives by using the blank summary sheet at the end. Main objectives are: • Timeline- Model of the atom: Dalton, Thomson, Bohr • Timeline- Periodic table: Mendeleev, idea of atomic number, groups, periods Extensions available for Model of the atom: • Distinguishing between the terms atom, element, compound • Rutherford experiment • Charges of sub-atomic particles • Atomic number • same group = same chemical properties, same element = same atoms Periodic table: • Law of octaves • Significance of predictive nature of periodic table = numeracy = literacy COMPLETED NEWSPAPERS Pεriοdic Τaβlε Gazεττε Ψεar: Αround 400 βC How many years ago is that? Out and about in Ancient Alexandria? Why not join us at a public lecture by Hypatia, the famous female mathematician and philosopher. DEMOCRITUS DECLARES HIS NEW THEORY. Renowned philosopher now says stuff is made of small particles that have different shapes and sizes. He calls these particles, Atomos. Plato, celebrity of ancient Greece, has this to say about the new theory: I don’t think so. Periodic Table Gazette Year: Between 1800 and 1834 Dear Editor, My name is John Jacob Berzelius. I think elements should be given letter symbols. For example, oxygen, would have the symbol O. Latest model of the atom Many thanks, John Year: Between 1860-1905 Electron is discovered! + Congratulations to J.J. Thomson - on his Nobel Prize. + + - - + + - New atomic model looking lumpy! How would you describe this model? Coming to showrooms near you, world’s first car. With state of the art gasoline powered engine. Made by Benz. Quiz time! In 1800 there were only 33 known elements. By 1900, this increased to 83. Wow! What percentage increase is that? Year: Between 1909 and 1913 Latest atomic model Elements should be arranged by Atomic Number Henry Moseley, only 24 years old, has given us the final piece of the periodic table puzzle. Elements should be arranged by atomic number. After this discovery, he is off to fight in World War 1. How would Bohr: Not a you describe boring goalie this model? Niels Bohr, scientist and goalkeeper for a Danish team improves on the model of the atom. Electrons are not just whizzing around, they have paths or orbits. The Titanic: Built in Belfast, sinks in How big is an atom? the Atlantic Ocean. You will need to use your imagination! If a carbon atom was Breaking news the same size as you (a human), Dmitri Mendeleev, creator then you would be as tall as all of of the Periodic table, dies the people on earth stood on top of influenza in Russia. of each other! There are 7 billion people on Earth, how many zeros is that? Periodic tables- now with 86 elements Today 09:46 Incredible 118 elements discovered and named! Re-arrange these symbols to make a word that relates to the structure of the atom 238 32.1 35.5 14.0 152 U S Cl N Eu Uranium Sulphur Chlorine Nitrogen Europium 92 16 17 7 63 BLANK NEWSPAPERS To be printed and given to the students Pεriοdic Τaβlε Gazεττε Ψεar: Αround 400 βC How many years ago is that? Periodic Table Gazette Year: Between 1800 and 1834 Latest model of the atom Year: Between 1860-1905 New atomic model looking lumpy! How would you describe this model? Quiz time! In 1800 there were only 33 known elements. By 1900, this increased to 83. Wow! What percentage increase is that? Year: Between 1909 and 1913 Latest atomic model How would you describe this model? How big is an atom? You will need to use your imagination! If a carbon atom was the same size as you (a human), then you would be as tall as all of the people on earth stood on top of each other! There are 7 billion people on Earth, how many zeros is that? Today 09:46 Re-arrange these symbols to make a word that relates to the structure of the atom 238 32.1 35.5 14.0 152 U S Cl N Eu Uranium Sulphur Chlorine Nitrogen Europium 92 16 17 7 63 PIECES OF INFORMATION To be printed and cut up by the teacher, then given to the students Stretch and challenge (Year: Around 400 BC) Q: Some ancient Greek philosophers thought everything was made up of four “elements”; Fire, Water, Air and Earth. We now know that is not true, but how would you describe water using your scientific knowledge? Stretch and challenge (Year: 1800-1834) Q: Atoms cannot be created or destroyed. What is the difference between atoms, compounds and elements? Stretch and challenge (Year: 1860-1905) Q: What charge do electrons have? Q: Mendeleev is famous for creating the modern Periodic Table. A previous suggestion for how the elements should be organised was called the Law of Octaves, proposed by John Newlands. From the name, can you guess what that meant? Stretch and challenge (Year: 1909-1913) Q: How did Rutherford's experiment (otherwise known as the Geiger–Marsden experiment, the gold leaf, or gold foil experiment) prove the existence of protons in the nucleus? Q: What is the Atomic number of an element? Q: Can you label the parts Bohr’s model of the atom? Stretch and challenge (Year: Today) Q: In honour of Dmitri Mendeleev, the element with atomic number 101 was named Mendelevium. Can you spot elements in your periodic table that are named after other scientists or places? Q: The journey of the periodic table has taken hundreds of year. Why do you think it may have taken so long to discover 118 known elements? As scientists Around the time discovered Mendeleev more about died, scientists atoms, the knew of the atomic model existence of got more and more than 80 more complex.
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