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0119 C1PG 11/18/98 8:13 AM Page 1 JOINT FORCEJFQ QUARTERLY The Nature of Jointness Summer98 Doctrine and Education Innovation and Warfighting A PROFESSIONAL MILITARY JOURNAL 0219 C2 11/17/98 4:06 PM Page C2 ...to spread the word about our team, to provide for a free give-and-take of ideas among a wide range of people from every corner of the military. —Colin L. Powell on the purpose of JFQ in the inaugural issue (Summer 1993) Cov 2 JFQ / Summer 1998 0319PGS 11/17/98 4:13 PM Page 1 JFQ AWord fromthe Chairman f the many changes I have witnessed Americans in the Armed Forces. Likewise, those during my career, the most significant who will follow us will rely on our dedication and in terms of warfighting has been the hard work to prepare them for the future. Develop- Oincreased ability of the Armed Forces ing the best force for the Nation requires rigorous to work together. There is no doubt that there has analysis about important choices concerning new been tremendous progress in synchronizing oper- equipment, organizations, training, and doctrine. ations on land, at sea, and in air and space. How- Critical thinking about joint warfare takes ever, despite strides in organizing, training, and place in different quarters of the military, but for equipping for joint operations, there is still im- the past five years Joint Force Quarterly has been portant work to do to create a truly integrated the journal of the joint warfighter. JFQ provides joint force. an open forum where ideas and concepts about Efforts toward jointness are essential given the joint warfare can be proposed, debated, and re- challenges of the future. Although the United fined. As General Colin Powell noted in the inau- States will probably not face a hostile superpower gural issue, the purpose of the journal is “to in the near term, the world will remain a danger- spread the word about our team, to provide for a ous place. The nation-state, along with armies, free give-and-take of ideas among a wide range of people from every corner of the military.” It has done precisely that, furnishing an arena for de- for the past five years Joint Force Quarterly has bate among officers from every service and of all been the journal of the joint warfighter grades, as well as civilian defense analysts from this country and abroad. Collectively, the articles which have ap- navies, and air forces as we know them today, will peared in JFQ over the last five years have pre- remain for a long time, and the Armed Forces must sented a profusion of original ideas. Some pieces be ready to defeat any foe equipped with conven- have shaped operational concepts while others tional military capabilities. At the same time, these have explored the impact of change on doctrine, forces will certainly face adversaries who will chal- organization, and technology. lenge America’s interests asymmetrically, using This issue offers a look back at the best of state-of-the-art technology and, perhaps more JFQ. The opening section discusses the nature of frightening, weapons of mass destruction. jointness itself. No nation has had more experi- Meeting these challenges depends on making ence in conducting joint operations than the the right preparations now. In very real and tangi- United States. Yet since the first extensive test of ble ways, the successes of our joint force were joint operations during World War II, we have made possible by the past efforts of thousands of (continued on page 4) 1 Summer 1998 / JFQ 1 0319PGS 11/17/98 4:13 PM Page 2 I CONTENTS 1 A Word from the Chairman I by Henry H. Shelton 45 The Chairman as I Principal Military Adviser: An Interview 5 The Nature of Jointness with Colin L. Powell JFQ (issue 13/Autumn 1996) 6 Jointness and the Impact of the War by David A. Armstrong I (issue 8/Summer 1995) 53 Doctrine and Education 8 What Exactly Is Jointness? by Lawrence B. Wilkerson 54 Joint Doctrine: The Way (issue 16/Summer 1997) Ahead by Joseph J. Redden (issue 14/Winter 1996–97) 11 Joint Warfare and the Army-Air Force Team 57 Lessons Unlearned: by Dennis J. Reimer and Somalia and Joint Doctrine Ronald R. Fogleman by C. Kenneth Allard (issue 11/Spring 1996) (issue 9/Autumn 1995) 19 Living Jointness 63 The Fifth Service Looks by William A. Owens at Doctrine by John S. Clay (issue 3/Winter 1993–94) (issue 14/Winter 1996–97) 28 The Limits of Jointness 69 Emergence of the Joint by Seth Cropsey Officer by Howard D. Graves and (issue 1/Summer 1993) Don M. Snider (issue 13/Autumn 1996) 37 The New Joint Warfare by Frederick R. Strain (issue 2/Autumn 1993) PHOTO CREDITS The collage on the cover incorporates photographs from eight pre- vious issues that feature (clockwise from top right) amphibious as- sault vehicles in Kuwait (U.S. Marine Corps/Michael J. Anglin), issue 10 (Winter 95–96); C–17 over Fort Sumter (U.S. Air Force/ Dave McLeod), issue 6 (Autumn/Winter 94–95); USS Dwight D. Eisenhower transitting Suez Canal during Desert Shield (U.S. Navy/Frank A. Marquart), issue 1 (Summer 93); marines emplacing 74 sensor during Advance Warfighting Experiment (U.S. Marine Military Education for the Corps/Christopher S. Cline), issue 15 (Spring 97); F–117 refueling New Age by Ervin J. Rokke (U.S. Air Force/Val Gempis), issue 11 (Spring 96); USS Kentucky (issue 9/Autumn 1995) (U.S. Navy/F.E. Zip Zimmerman), issue 12 (Summer 96); Apache (McDonnell Douglas), issue 9 (Autumn 95); and (centered) soldiers of 325th Airborne outside Tuzla Air Base (U.S. Army/Larry Lane), issue 13 (Autumn 96). The front inside cover shows flight deck crew rigging barricade (U.S. Navy/Nathan Curtis), navigators plotting course (U.S. Air Force/Paul Caron), Ranger pa- I trolling in Haiti (U.S. Army/Greg Scott), and marines disembarking at Guantanamo Bay (U.S. Air Force/Vince Jones). The photo at right features joint officers (U.S. Navy/Jeffrey 80 Keeping the Strategic Flame Viano). The back inside cover captures F–16C at air base in Jordan (U.S. Air Force/Paul R. Caron). The back cover features members of 10th Mountain Division at CENTRAZBAT ’98 by Carl H. Builder (1st Combat Camera Squadron/Lemuel Casillas); Marine F/A–18Cs aboard USS Enterprise, (issue 14/Winter 1996–97) COMPTUEX ’98 (U.S. Navy/Timothy S. Smith), USS Jarrett in Persian Gulf during Southern Watch (U.S. Navy/Daniel J. Quinajon), and C–130 at Pope Air Force Base (4th Combat Cam- era Squadron/Melissa M. Mondares). 2 JFQ / Summer 1998 2 0319PGS 11/17/98 4:14 PM Page 3 SUMMER 1998 / NUMBER 19 I I 89 Innovation and Warfighting 130 Index of Contributors, Issues 1–18 (1993–98) 90 Revolutions in Military Affairs by James R. FitzSimonds and 142 JFQ—Seen from Afar Jan M. van Tol (issue 4/Spring 1994) 98 RMAs and the Dimensions of Strategy by Colin S. Gray (issue 17/Winter 1997–98) 103 Thinking About Revolutions in Military Affairs by Williamson Murray This special fifth anniversary issue of Joint Force (issue 16/Summer 1997) Quarterly presents a selection of articles previously published in the journal. Since the appearance of the 112 An Ecstasy of Fumbling: inaugural issue in Summer 1993, over 350 authors Doctrine and Innovation have contributed a wide range of feature articles, es- says, and reviews (see index, pp. 130–141). The con- by Kenneth F. McKenzie, Jr. tributions reprinted herein thus represent only a (issue 10/Winter 1995–96) small fraction of a diverse, growing body of periodi- cal literature dedicated to fostering joint culture 119 War in the Information Age within the Armed Forces. No attempt has been made to update or otherwise amend the articles in this by Thomas G. Mahnken issue. Similarly, the biographical details accompany- (issue 10/Winter 1995–96) ing them reflect the rank or position of the authors at the time the articles were originally published. All 124 Time: The New Dimension contributions are reproduced with original pagina- in War by Ajay Singh tion and issue markings at the bottom corner of each folio. However, a ring folio 8 has been added at the (issue 10/Winter 1995–96) s bottom center which corresponds to the page num- bers in the table of contents. JFQ Joint Force Quarterly Hans Binnendijk Robert A. Silano Director Director of Publications Institute for National Strategic Studies Institute for National Strategic Studies Editor-in-Chief Editor Martin J. Peters, Jr. William A. Rawley Calvin B. Kelley Production Coordinator U.S. Government Printing Office Copy Editor Art Director JFQ is published for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff portions of this journal may not be reproduced or extracted topics of common interest to the Armed Forces (see page 144 by the Institute for National Strategic Studies, National De- without permission of copyright proprietors. An acknowledg- for details). Please direct all editorial communications to: fense University, to promote understanding of the integrated ment to Joint Force Quarterly should be made whenever mate- Editor, Joint Force Quarterly employment of land, sea, air, space, and special operations rial is quoted from or based on its contents. ATTN: NDU–NSS–JFQ forces. The journal focuses on joint doctrine, coalition warfare, This publication has been approved by the Secretary of De- 300 Fifth Avenue (Bldg. 62) contingency planning, combat operations conducted by the fense. All previous issues have been published electronically Fort Lesley J.
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