The r o m o n
Vigyanotsav 2019 University of Hyderabad, 9 February, 2019
Science Education Group TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences Gopanpally, Hyderabad 1 Sci in y a l
The scientific method begins with an observation that leads to a question about the observed phenomena.
2 Observing the unobserved Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
Microscopic section of ash tree wood drawn by Leeuwenhoek
Infusoria-1674 (Protozoa observed by Leeuwenhoek) 3 How did Leeuwenhoek do it?
Leeuwenhoek’s microscope
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonie_van_Leeuwenhoek 4 The secret of Leeuwenhoek’s microscope C.L. Stong (1957)
Preparing the Objective lens Glass sphere microscope
Source: http://www.funsci.com/fun3_en/usph/usph.htm 5 Today’s techniques
● Micro-scale plastic molding
● Centerless ball grinding
Medical endoscope Optical fibre coupler
Phone camera Hairpin microscope A lens for 15 Rupees!!!
6 Source: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0098781 Two biomechanical engineers
Manu Prakash Jim Cybulski
7 Some common microscopes
Compound microscope
Dynam mini microscope
Foldscope
Magnification: 60X Cost: Rs. 549/-
Magnification: 130X Cost: Rs. 120/- Magnification: 150X-400X Cost: Rs. 2000/- 8 A microscope for all !!
Sample observation through Foldscope at Manikpur Ashramshala
Foldscope session with middle school children, Ashramshala, Dhanora
TSWREIS students folding the TSWREIS students with their 9 Foldscopes during Workshop Foldscopes Students observe, draw and question
10 Images / videos under Foldscope
Garlic peel Spider Lily lower Lower epidermis: Cheek cells (stained Onion peel epidermis Birds of Paradise with methylene leaves blue)
Search : TIFR microcosmos
11 Science in the kitchen
Are tomatoes alive?
12 Are tomatoes alive?
Tomato pulp (Pericarp) cells
Source: http://saurabhg.com/microscopy/tomato-cells-microscope/ 13 Are tomatoes alive?
Image Source: https://www.researchgate.net/publicat ion/262055762 Image Source: https://www.gardeners.com/how-to/se lecting-the-right-tomato-variety/5259 .html
14 Observing cells on leaf surface
Stomata
15 Observing onion cells
Onion tunic under Tunic of onion Foldscope
Outer peel Inner peel
Inner epidermis of onion scale 16 How are onions similar to leaves?
Outer peel
Inner peel
Outer peel of onion (Lower epidermis)
17 What grows on onions?
Spores eject out under water Outer skin peeled to show Conidiophore on the edge of the dry the fungus onion skin
18 Fungus on onions
https://youtu.be/h8IaEGWnMzA
Cornell’s Speedy Bio
Aspergillus niger
19 Spots on curry leaves
Curry leaves with brown spots Brown spot observed under Foldscope
20 Source: https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?p=64059 What is that?
Head Abdomen Entire body
Source: https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?p=38117 21 Patthar phool / Kalpasi
Source: https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?p=114384 22 Water samples
Filamentous algae-Oedogonium Pedestal pond
Puddle formed by Manjeera pipe leakage
Rainwater pool
Moss and Moss on rainwater concrete mixed in a tank vial 23 Communicate your methods and findings
24 25 26 27 28 You too can do it!
Begin with observations
Ask questions Connect the macro with the micro
Connect textbook facts with reality
Make sense of observations
Communicate you learning!
29 You may use microscopes in your school lab Or foldscopes
30 Ways of getting Foldscopes
From foldscope.com: classroom kit (20) + import duty -- Rs.150/-
Sponsored by Department of Biotechnology
From Flipkart or Amazon -- more expensive
31 Thank you!
Presentation by:
Debashree, Ashalatha, Jayashree 32