Getting West Nuneaton Moving - Bermuda Connectivity Project Environmental Assessment – Appendices Part 1 of 3 Warwickshire County Council

July 2018

Notice

This document and its contents have been prepared and are intended solely as information for Warwickshire County Council and use in relation to Bermuda Connectivity Project Atkins Limited assumes no responsibility to any other party in respect of or arising out of or in connection with this document and/or its contents. This document has 126 pages including the cover.

Document history

Origin- Author- Revision Purpose description ated Checked Reviewed ised Date Rev 1.0 Final Draft Various ES PB PB 13/07/18

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Client Warwickshire County Council Project Getting West Nuneaton Moving - Bermuda Connectivity Project Job number 5147469

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Contents

Chapter Page

Appendix A. Air Quality 4 Appendix A.1. Figures used in the Air Quality Assessment 5 Appendix A.2. Traffic Data used in the Air Quality Assessment 10 Appendix A.3. Comparison of Modelled and Monitored Concentrations 18 Appendix B. Cultural Heritage 23 Appendix B.1. Online sources 24 Appendix C. Landscape and visual impact 25 Appendix C.1. Landscape Constraints Plan 26 Appendix C.2. Viewpoint Location Plan 28 Appendix C.3. Viewpoint Photographs 30 Appendix C.4. Arboricultural Impact Assessment 38 Appendix D. Ecology and Nature Conservation 94 Appendix D.1. Methodology 95 Appendix D.2. Phase 1 Habitat Plan 101 Appendix D.3. Target Notes and Photographs 105 Appendix D.4. Species List 110 Appendix D.5. Summary of Relevant Legislation 118 Appendix D.6. Bird and Bat Box Specifications 124

Tables

Table A1 – Traffic Data Used in Air Quality Assessment 11 Table A2 - Comparison of Modelled and Measured NOx Concentrations (µg/m3), Unadjusted 19 Table A3 - Model Statistics Pre-Adjustment 20 Table A4 - Comparison of Modelled and Measured NOx Concentrations (µg/m3), Unadjusted 20 3 Table A5 - Comparison of Adjusted Modelled and Measured NO2 Concentrations (µg/m ) 21 Table A6 - Model Statistics Post-Adjustment 22

Figures

Figure A1 - Modelled Sensitive Receptors 6 Figure A2 - NBBC Monitoring Locations used in Verification 7 Figure A3 - Atkins Monitoring Locations use in Verification 8 Figure A4 - Construction Dust Receptors 9 Figure A5 - Modelled Road Links 17

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Appendix A. Air Quality

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Appendix A.1. Figures used in the Air Quality Assessment

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Figure A1 - Modelled Sensitive Receptors

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Figure A2 - NBBC Monitoring Locations used in Verification

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Figure A3 - Atkins Monitoring Locations use in Verification

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Figure A4 - Construction Dust Receptors

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Appendix A.2. Traffic Data used in the Air Quality Assessment

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Table A1 – Traffic Data Used in Air Quality Assessment

AADT HGV% Speed (km/hr) Road ID Road Link Type 2016 2022 2022 2016 2022 2022 2016 2022 2022 Base DM DS Base DM DS Base DM DS Heath End Road between 1 Tenlons Road B 11616 11765 11685 1.0 1.7 1.6 19 25 27 and The Raywoods The Raywoods between 2 Heath End B 7058 5609 5962 0.4 0.3 0.3 26 30 32 Road and Oldany Way Heath End Road between 3 The Raywoods B 15695 14965 15267 0.9 1.4 1.4 24 27 27 and Bermuda Road Heath End Road between Hare and 4 B 15983 15715 13567 1.2 1.4 1.5 33 37 42 Hounds Lane and Cornish Crescent Tenlons Road between Heath End 6 B 1140 650 710 0.8 3.5 2.0 48 40 42 Road and Shillingstone Drive Tenlons Road between Shillingstone 7 B 700 499 663 0.0 1.0 2.3 48 39 38 Drive and Bermuda Road Bermuda Road between 8 Heath End B 3013 2622 4379 3.4 2.0 2.2 19 19 21 Road and Tenlons Road Shillingstone Drive between 9 B 846 1021 952 0.0 2.4 1.8 48 26 26 Tenlons Road and

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Christchurch Close Shillingstone Drive between Christchurch 10 B 542 336 747 0.0 1.6 2.1 48 41 40 Close and Bermuda Road Bermuda Road between 11 Tenlons Road B 2747 2116 4235 3.8 2.1 2.2 42 41 43 and Radley Drive Radley Drive between 12 Bermuda B 592 343 550 0.0 1.0 2.8 41 39 38 Road and Redwood Croft Bermuda Road between Radley Drive 13 B 2804 2116 4235 3.4 2.1 2.2 21 41 43 and Shillingstone Drive Bermuda Road between Shillingstone 14 B 2341 1822 4657 4.0 2.0 2.1 48 48 50 Drive and Hazell Way (N) Bermuda Road between 15 Hazell Way B 2341 1822 4657 4.0 2.0 2.1 48 48 50 (N) and Hazell Way (S) Bermuda Road between 16 Rider Close B 2341 1822 4655 4.0 0.0 2.2 48 48 49 and The Bridleway Bermuda 17 Road after B 580 0 1880 1.9 0.0 1.8 48 0 21 The Bridleway The Bridleway between 18 Bermuda B 607 1822 4260 1.9 0.0 2.3 32 48 48 Road and St George's Way

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St George's Way between 19 The Bridleway B 2372 2546 5202 19.1 5.1 2.5 42 41 38 and Griff Roundabout Coventry Road between Griff Roundabout 20 B 16120 12248 11646 0.7 2.0 2.0 42 55 55 and Donnithorne Avenue Coventry Road between 21 Griff B 15814 17001 16519 2.1 2.6 2.5 42 26 26 Roundabout and Gipsy Lane A444 between Griff Roundabout 22 A 33760 34939 35583 3.4 2.7 2.6 55 45 39 and Walsingham Drive St David's Way between Griff 23 B 8253 7692 5733 2.9 4.9 4.8 58 41 26 Roundabout and Hamilton Road A444 between Griff 24 Roundabout A 30227 35139 31618 3.9 3.2 3.3 61 46 48 and Feather Lane Arbury Road between 25 Church Road B 16304 15493 15768 0.8 1.8 1.7 34 32 32 and Westbury Road Westbury Road between Arbury Road 26 B 2714 3378 3716 0.8 0.5 0.7 25 23 22 and Cambridge Drive Arbury Road between 27 B 17890 18120 18875 0.5 1.6 1.5 36 35 35 Westbury Road and

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Heath End Road Arbury Road between 29 Heath End B 9912 9287 9553 0.2 1.3 1.1 32 33 32 Road and Albert Street Heath End Road between 30 Arbury Road B 11707 11932 12409 0.6 1.5 1.5 19 24 24 and Tenlons Road The Griff Roundabout 31 B 22300 29408 28703 2.6 2.6 2.6 32 32 32 Average Circulatory 32 Eliot Way B 7940 10198 10443 0.0 2.0 3.3 39 39 42 A444 N of 33 A 29678 37493 34275 3.9 3.2 5.7 39 62 69 Eliot Way A444 S of 34 A 29117 34836 31314 3.9 3.2 5.7 74 78 82 Eliot Way B4112 35 B 23286 25213 22111 1.8 1.6 2.8 27 37 40 College St 36 College St B 4436 6438 6308 0.0 0.0 0.0 29 24 29 A444 N of 37 A 29117 31698 32117 3.4 3.4 5.7 42 38 41 College St Cornish 38 B 1706 831 540 0.0 2.0 2.3 42 40 42 Crescent B4112 east 39 of Cornish B 16376 16944 14326 1.8 1.5 2.8 41 37 43 Crescent B4112 40 B 8528 9849 10080 2.0 1.5 3.1 52 52 52 Ansley Road 41 Astley Lane B 5673 6839 6726 1.7 1.6 3.8 95 78 82 42 Henry Street B 3003 2602 2681 0.5 2.5 0.6 34 25 26 43 Bull Ring B 23433 25185 22190 1.8 0.8 2.9 27 31 32 44 B4112 B 16583 18176 15499 2.1 0.8 2.8 46 28 33 Greenmoor 45 B 7875 7840 7565 0.8 1.6 3.2 47 48 49 Road B4102 North before 46 B 13449 15422 15488 1.0 1.6 2.9 26 34 34 Tomkinson Road 47 B4102 South B 10463 12246 12448 0.9 1.8 1.8 31 36 38 Corporation 48 B 19858 17392 17873 3.0 1.4 2.8 25 21 21 Street

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A444 between B4102 and 49 A 13902 16788 17043 2.3 1.5 2.9 45 44 44 Corporation Street 50 B4102 B 12736 15159 15457 1.8 1.5 1.1 19 26 25 A444 between 51 B4102 and A 16343 16048 16256 1.3 1.2 2.8 47 29 29 A444 A444 between 52 A444 and A 25313 23234 23679 2.8 1.3 2.6 36 26 24 Church Street A444 between 53 Church Street A 22447 20187 20765 3.4 1.2 3.3 33 41 42 and A444 A444 Leicester 54 A 31509 31842 32703 3.0 1.8 2.3 21 26 26 Road A444 between Bond Street 55 A 15591 16607 17153 3.0 1.6 1.6 29 23 23 and Harefield Road A444 between Harefield Road 56 and A 16332 16576 17103 3.0 1.2 1.5 37 28 25 Corporation Street A444 north 57 of Sutherland A 33171 39636 39354 5.1 0.8 5.0 81 85 83 Drive A444 south 58 of Sutherland A 33002 39158 39400 5.1 2.0 4.9 84 85 84 Drive Coventry Road north 59 B 15962 13604 13431 2.3 3.1 4.3 45 42 38 of Sutherland Drive Coventry Road south 60 B 14485 10639 10650 2.0 2.8 5.6 44 41 40 of Sutherland Drive A444 between Trent Road 61 A 17983 16397 17169 3.0 1.4 1.4 26 17 19 and St Nicholas Road A47 between 62 A444 and St A 19553 19952 20413 2.7 1.5 1.4 21 39 40 Nicholas Road A4254 63 A 19024 19662 20008 3.4 3.6 5.8 30 27 29 Avenue Road

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B4113 64 B 8114 6382 6415 2.3 3.0 5.0 38 36 38 Coventry Road A444 65 A 28152 25514 25870 2.5 2.2 3.6 47 56 58 Coton Road

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Figure A5 - Modelled Road Links

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Appendix A.3. Comparison of Modelled and Monitored Concentrations

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It is good practice to compare modelled estimates of pollutant concentrations with real-world monitoring to assess the model’s performance for a base year and to inform the interpretation of model results for future years. Verification of the 2016 base year scenario has been undertaken by comparison of modelled concentrations against those derived from monitoring at 16 monitoring sites located in the study area. Three model adjustment areas were subsequently identified, Nuneaton Area (the area surrounding Nuneaton including Queens Road and Corporation Street), Bermuda Area (the area surround Atkins Scheme Specific monitoring sites), and Heath End Road (between Arbury Road and Bull Ring). These areas were defined based on similarities in road types, traffic flow characteristics and local factors.

An air quality model can be considered to perform reasonably well where modelled concentrations are within 25% of monitored concentrations at 95% of sites, in accordance with DEFRA’s Technical Guidance LAQM.TG(16). The root mean square error (RMSE) is acceptable if it is well below 25% of the AQS objective at 10 µg/m3 (a requirement), and is ideal if below 10% of the AQS objective i.e. an RMSE of 4 µg/m3.

Step 1

Firstly, unadjusted modelled estimates of total annual mean NO2 concentrations have been compared against monitored annual mean concentrations as shown in Table A2. These results indicate that the model underestimates in the Nuneaton and Bermuda areas compared to monitored concentrations by between 10% and 31%. The modelled concentrations on Heath End Road both under and overpredict by between -9% and +19%. Unadjusted model statistics are shown in Table A3. The RMSE is over 10% of the AQS objective. The Fractional Bias (FB) is above the ideal value of 0, indicating that the model tends to underestimate.

Table A2 - Comparison of Modelled and Measured NOx Concentrations (µg/m3), Unadjusted

Monitored Modelled Modelled NO % Difference Background 2 Site Annual Mean Annual Mean Minus (unadjusted modelled Annual Mean Name 3 Total NO2 Total NO2 Monitored NO2 NO2 - monitored NO2) NO2 (µg/m ) 3 3 3 (µg/m ) (µg/m ) (µg/m ) / monitored NO2 * 100

Nuneaton Area NB17 17.4 32.5 24.5 -8.1 -25% NB18 17.4 32.8 26.8 -6.0 -18% NB25 16.7 32.2 26.3 -5.9 -18% NB27 16.7 39.9 27.4 -12.5 -31% NB28 16.7 36.7 26.4 -10.3 -28% NB37 15.3 33.0 22.9 -10.1 -31% Bermuda Area ATK9 12.1 16.8 13.1 -3.7 -22% ATK6 15.2 21.7 17.5 -4.2 -19% ATK4 15.2 18.9 17.0 -1.9 -10% ATK8 15.2 20.3 16.5 -3.9 -19% ATK3 15.2 19.7 15.6 -4.1 -21% ATK7 15.2 19.8 15.8 -3.9 -20% ATK2 15.2 18.2 15.4 -2.8 -15% Heath End Road ATK10 12.1 21.6 19.6 -2.0 -9% ATK1 15.2 20.6 24.6 4.0 19%

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ATK5 15.2 20.1 21.9 1.8 9%

Table A3 - Model Statistics Pre-Adjustment

RMSE[i] FB[ii] r[iii] Nuneaton Area 9.12 0.29 0.538 Bermuda Area 3.59 0.20 0.842 Heath End Road 2.77 -0.06 -0.666 Notes: [i] Root Mean Square Error: RMSE is used to define the average error or uncertainty of the model (units = µg/m3). In the case of modelled annual mean NO2 a value of less than 10 is acceptable and less than 4 is the ideal [ii] Fractional Bias: FB is used to identify if the model shows a systematic tendency to over or under estimate. Ideal value is 0 [iii] Correlation coefficient: r is used to measure the linear relationship between modelled and observed data. Ideal value is 1

Step 2

The model itself does not provide annual mean NO2, this is determined using DEFRA LAQM.TG(16) methods. The second comparison is thus of modelled estimates of road contributed annual mean NOx with the road NOx component derived from monitoring data, as presented in Table A4. This analysis requires the estimation of the monitored road NOx component from the measured total annual mean NO2 concentration. This was undertaken using DEFRA’s NOx to NO2 calculator (version 6.1).

Table A4 - Comparison of Modelled and Measured NOx Concentrations (µg/m3), Unadjusted

Nuneaton Area NB17 30.7 13.8 -16.9 2.2 -55% NB18 31.4 18.6 -12.7 1.7 -41% NB25 31.6 19.0 -12.6 1.7 -40% NB27 49.2 21.3 -27.9 2.3 -57% NB28 41.7 19.2 -22.5 2.2 -54% NB37 36.2 14.9 -21.3 2.4 -59% Bermuda Area ATK9 8.8 1.8 -7.0 5.0 -80%

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Monitored Modelled Modelled NOx Monitored % Difference Site Annual Mean Annual Mean Minus Road NOx / (unadjusted modelled Name Road NOx Road NOx Monitored NOx Modelled Road NOx - monitored NOx) / 3 3 3 (µg/m ) (µg/m ) (µg/m ) NOx monitored NOx * 100 ATK6 12.5 4.3 -8.2 2.9 -66% ATK4 7.0 3.4 -3.6 2.0 -51% ATK8 9.9 2.4 -7.4 4.1 -75% ATK3 8.6 0.7 -7.9 12.9 -92% ATK7 8.7 1.2 -7.5 7.3 -86% ATK2 5.7 0.4 -5.4 16.1 -94% Heath End Road ATK10 18.3 14.4 -3.9 1.3 -21% ATK1 10.3 18.3 8.0 0.6 78% ATK5 9.5 13.0 3.5 0.7 37%

Adjustment factor derived from linear Nuneaton Area Bermuda Area Heath End Road regression of all sites: 2.06 3.28 0.81

The results from the comparison above have been used to derive an adjustment factor of 2.06 for model adjustment Nuneaton Area, 3.28 for model adjustment Bermuda Area and 0.81 for model adjustment Heath End Road, as shown above in Table A4.

Step 3

The third comparison of the adjusted modelled estimates of total annual mean NO2 with monitored concentrations is presented in Table A5. The adjustment factors calculated for both adjustment sections were applied. The model statistics post-adjustment are presented in Table A6. The overall RMSE calculated for all adjustment areas is below the threshold value of 25% of the AQS objective (i.e. 10 µg/m3) and is, therefore, considered acceptable. The FB is improved and is marginally above the ideal value (0), for Heath End Road and Bermuda Area indicating that the model tends to slightly overpredict in this area. Nuneaton Area meeting the ideal FB value.

3 Table A5 - Comparison of Adjusted Modelled and Measured NO2 Concentrations (µg/m )

% Difference (unadjusted Monitored Modelled Background Adjusted Modelled modelled NO2 - Annual NO2 Minus Site Name Annual Mean Annual Mean Total NO2 monitored 3 Mean Total 3 Monitored NO2 (µg/m ) 3 (µg/m ) 3 NO2) / NO2 (µg/m ) NO2 (µg/m ) monitored NO2 * 100 Nuneaton Area NB17 17.4 32.5 31.4 -1.1 -3% NB18 17.4 32.8 35.9 3.1 9% NB25 16.7 32.2 35.6 3.4 10% NB27 16.7 39.9 37.6 -2.3 -6% NB28 16.7 36.7 35.8 -0.9 -3% NB37 15.3 33.0 30.5 -2.6 -8% Bermuda Area ATK9 12.1 16.8 15.2 -1.6 -9% ATK6 15.2 21.7 22.5 0.8 4%

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% Difference (unadjusted Monitored Modelled Background Adjusted Modelled modelled NO2 - Annual NO2 Minus Site Name Annual Mean Annual Mean Total NO2 monitored 3 Mean Total 3 Monitored NO2 (µg/m ) 3 (µg/m ) 3 NO2) / NO2 (µg/m ) NO2 (µg/m ) monitored NO2 * 100 ATK4 15.2 18.9 21.1 2.2 12% ATK8 15.2 20.3 19.4 -1.0 -5% ATK3 15.2 19.7 16.4 -3.3 -17% ATK7 15.2 19.8 17.3 -2.5 -13% ATK2 15.2 18.2 15.8 -2.4 -13% Heath End Road ATK10 12.1 21.6 18.2 -3.4 -16% ATK1 15.2 20.6 22.8 2.3 11% ATK5 15.2 20.1 20.7 0.5 3%

Table A6 - Model Statistics Post-Adjustment

RMSE[i] FB[ii] r[iii] Nuneaton Area 2.41 0.00 0.612 Bermuda Area 4.40 0.06 0.728 Heath End Road 2.36 0.01 -0.720 Notes: [i] Root Mean Square Error: RMSE is used to define the average error or uncertainty of the model (units = µg/m3). In the case of modelled annual mean NO2 a value of less than 10 is acceptable and less than 4 is the ideal [ii] Fractional Bias: FB is used to identify if the model shows a systematic tendency to over or under estimate. Ideal value is 0 [ii] Correlation coefficient: r is used to measure the linear relationship between modelled and observed data. Ideal value is 1

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Appendix B. Cultural Heritage

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Appendix B.1. Online sources

www.domesdaymap.co.uk – Domesday survey information http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list - information on designated assets http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ - documentary resources http://www.british- history.ac.uk/ - documentary resources http://oasis.ac.uk/england/ - data on sites, find- spots and excavations http://www.pastscape.org.uk/ - data on sites, find-spots and excavations http://www.magic.gov.uk – map data and information on designated assets http://www.old-maps.co.uk/index.html - historic OS map data http://www.nuneatonhistory.com/george-eliot.html - Nuneaton, Bedworth and North Warwickshire Local and Family History (George Elliot and Nuneaton) http://www.irsociety.co.uk/Archives/47/Griff.htm - The Industrial Railway Record (Griff Colliery) http://www.warwickshirerailways.com/lms/chilverscotton.htm - Warwickshire Railways (Chivers Cotton Station) http://ukcanals.net/waterways-of-the-uk/62-coventry-canal - UK Canal Network (Coventry Canal) http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/46/a4166246.shtml - Nuneaton, The Blitz

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Appendix C. Landscape and visual impact

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Appendix C.1. Landscape Constraints Plan

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Appendix C.2. Viewpoint Location Plan

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Appendix C.3. Viewpoint Photographs

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Appendix C.4. Arboricultural Impact Assessment

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Warwickshire County Council Bermuda Connection

Arboricultural Impact Assessment

July 2018

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Notice

This document and its contents have been prepared and are intended solely for Warwickshire County Council’s information and use in relation to the proposed ‘Bermuda Connection’ development in Nuneaton.

Atkins assumes no responsibility to any other party in respect of or arising out of or in connection with this document and/or its contents.

Document history

Job number: 5147469_801 Document ref: P:\GBEMB\MandI\Landscape\EP - Arboriculture and Landscape Management\Tree Surveys\TS_406 Bermuda Road Revision Purpose Description Originated Checked Reviewed Authorised Date 1.0 For planning AA TD - PB 09.09.16 2.0 For planning AA TD - PB 27.07.18

Client signoff

Client Warwickshire County Council

Project Bermuda Connection Document title Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Job No. 5147469_801

Copy No. 1.0

Document P:\GBEMB\MandI\Landscape\EP - Arboriculture and Landscape Management\Tree reference Surveys\TS_406 Bermuda Road

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Table of contents

Chapter Pages 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Terms of Reference 3 1.2. The Application Site 3 1.3. Proposed Works 3 1.4. Scope of Works 3 2. Methodology 4 2.1. General 4 2.2. Spatial Scope 4 2.3. Data Gathering 4 2.4. Survey 5 2.5. Limitations to Survey 5 3. Existing Site Conditions 6 3.1. Existing Land Use 6 3.2. Existing Tree Stock 6 3.3. Site Topography 6 3.4. Soil Assessment 7 3.5. Statutory Protection 7 4. Summary of Tree Condition 8 4.1. Number of Trees Recorded 8 4.2. General Condition Details 8 5. Arboricultural Impacts 10 5.1. General 10 5.2. Scheme details 10 5.3. Arboricultural Impacts 10 5.4. Preliminary Management Recommendations 20 5.5. Preliminary Mitigation Measures 20 6. Arboricultural Method Statement 21 6.1. Heads of Terms 21 Appendix A. Key & BS5837:2012 Survey Table 22 Appendix B. Tree Survey Schedules 25 Appendix C. Glossary of Terms 44 Appendix D. Drawings 48

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

1. Introduction

1.1. Terms of Reference Atkins Limited (Atkins) have been commissioned by Warwickshire County Council to undertake a tree survey in accordance with BS5837:2012 Trees in Relation to Design, Demolition and Construction – Recommendations in support of a planning application for the proposed improvement of a road bridge and associated highway infrastructure in the Bermuda Road area of west Nuneaton.

The survey extents included all the trees within the scheme extents as indicated on the supplied topographical survey drawing (number 5131052-ATK-BCP-ZZ-M2-C-0002) with red line boundary prepared by Atkins.

1.2. The Application Site The Site covers the section of highway which runs from Heath End Road/Tenlons Road junction to the A444 Griff roundabout. From Tenlons Road, the proposed route joins Bermuda Road which heads south for approximately 645m, before continuing east along The Bridleway and over the existing Bermuda Bridge (which will be upgraded to allow access to motorised vehicles). The new road layout then reconnects back onto the existing highway to the east of the bridge, and into St Georges Way (B4113). The roadway continues south for approximately 900m to join the A444 Griff roundabout. The site is urban, in an area near the edge of the Nuneaton settlement formerly associated with coal mining and brick manufacture. All of the site is accessible to the public.

1.3. Proposed Works The proposed works are to re-open the bridge over the A444 to vehicular traffic, and associated improvements to the roads on either side of the bridge, as shown on the ‘General Arrangement’ drawings 5147469-ATK-BCP-DR-D-101/2/3/4/5/6 prepared by Atkins.

1.4. Scope of Works This report presents arboricultural information captured on 22 June 2016 by Atkins’ Senior Arboriculturist Tom Dale BSc (Hons), Cert Arb (L6 (ABC), M.Arbor.A. and Landscape and Arboricultural Consultant Adam Atkins, BA (Hons), CMLI, TechCert (ArborA).

The survey extents included all the trees within the scheme extents with the potential to be impacted upon by the proposals. The scope of works include an on-site tree survey and the production of an Arboricultural Impact Assessment (AIA) and accompanying Tree Protection Plan (TPP).

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

2. Methodology

2.1. General This Arboricultural Impact Assessment has been undertaken in accordance with BS5837:2012 Trees in Relation to Design, Demolition and Construction – Recommendations. The standard gives recommendations and guidance on the relationship between trees and design, demolition and the construction process, setting out the principles and procedures to be applied to achieve a harmonious and sustainable relationship between trees and structures.

2.2. Spatial Scope The survey works spanned one day and concentrated on all trees within and immediately adjacent to the site extents as shown on the supplied ‘Topographic Survey’ drawings prepared by RGI Surveys in February 2016.

2.3. Data Gathering Data was collected in accordance with BS 5837:2012, as outlined in Appendix A of this report. The purpose of the tree categorisation method applied by the arboriculturists is to identity the quality and value (in a non-fiscal sense) of the existing tree stock, allowing informed decisions to be made concerning which trees should be removed or retained if the works are to proceed.

For a tree to qualify under any given category, it should fall within the scope of that category’s definition as shown at figure A2 in Appendix A (categories U, A, B, C) and, for trees in categories A to C, it should qualify under one or more of the three sub-categories (1, 2, 3). Sub-categories 1, 2 and 3 are intended to reflect arboricultural qualities, landscape qualities and cultural values respectively.

Trees were recorded as individual specimens and as groups. Where trees were recorded as groups measurements were in some instances taken from the largest tree within the group for the purposes of establishing data for the tree survey drawings. This level of survey meets the requirements of BS 5837:2012, which states that ‘trees growing as groups or woodland should be identified and assessed as such’. The BS defines the term group as ‘trees that form cohesive arboricultural features either aerodynamically (e.g. trees that provide companion shelter), visually (e.g. avenues or screens) or culturally including for biodiversity (e.g. parkland or wood pasture)’.

Crown spreads of the surveyed trees were given as an average measurement or to the relevant cardinal points with regards to the proposals. The average measurement was taken from the cardinal point relevant to the direction of the proposed works. This level of survey is deemed sufficient by the arboriculturists in order to establish the extent of the crown spread in the direction of the proposals. All crown spread measurements should be taken from the tree survey schedules.

The trees were assessed in line with the Visual Tree Assessment (VTA) method as developed by Mattheck and Breloer (1994). This method is based on the axiom of uniform stress, whereby a tree will grow in response to environmental stimuli to produce a structure that bears forces evenly across its surface. As such an internal defect, such as decay, would initiate a noticeable change in the stem’s shape to accommodate the physical change.

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2.4. Survey The locations of the surveyed trees were taken from the supplied topographical data. As only a few individual trees were illustrated on the topographical drawing, the arboriculturists used a combination of aerial imagery and a proprietary GIS data capture software system to record the locations of some trees.

The trees were sequentially numbered from T001 for individual trees, from G001 for groups of trees, and from H001 for hedges. No numbered aluminium tree tags were used for the survey. However, where existing tags were observed these have been recorded in the survey schedule.

2.5. Limitations to Survey Trees were identified and inspected from ground level only and were not climbed. No invasive examination techniques (such as increment boring, or internal decay detection) were carried out and as such no assessment of the internal condition of the wood of these trees can be given. The tree survey undertaken is not intended to be a tree risk management survey targeting safety-related issues. However, where specific hazards have been identified these have been recorded and management recommendations provided.

Where access permitted, a LaserAce Hypsometer was used to measure tree heights and crown spreads of the tree stock.

The British Standard BS 5837:2012 document does not include arguments for or against development, or for the removal or retention of trees. Where development is to occur the standard provides guidance on how to decide which trees are appropriate for retention.

Validity, accuracy and findings of the tree locations will directly relate to the accuracy of information provided at the time of the survey, i.e. the supplied topographical drawing, and the accuracy of the measurements undertaken by the arboriculturists on site. The locations of the trees may require checking using accurate survey techniques.

The report does not comment on possible effects of trees on neighbouring properties, including in relation to subsidence or heave, or with regard to possible hazards presented by trees surveyed. Neighbouring owners of trees that are identified as posing a possible risk to the property/site in question should seek their own advice as to possible effects of the recommendations given within this report.

Damage to, or possibility of damage to, any other structure that is not referred to within the report is not considered unless otherwise specified. This includes both neighbouring structures and any other structure on the property.

Trees are living organisms subject to changes outside man’s control. Trees and their environment alter with the seasons and it is as well to inspect trees whilst in full leaf and when out of leaf. Following harsh or unexpected weather conditions, or heavy storms it is also prudent to inspect trees. Changes to ground water conditions will affect the root growth of a tree. Such changes are not always the result of man’s influence and other factors may be involved.

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3. Existing Site Conditions

3.1. Existing Land Use The character of the area to the east and south of the bridge, along St. George’s Way, is business and light industrial; the Coventry to Nuneaton railway line runs parallel to the road on the east side, and a small station here, Bermuda Park, serves the local area. To the west and north of the site, along Bermuda Road and The Bridleway, the area is a mixture of residential, including new housing, and light industrial. There is also an open area of recreation ground on the east side of Bermuda Road, a part of which was being developed at the time of the survey visit.

3.2. Existing Tree Stock All the trees at the application site are growing at the side of, or adjacent to, the road. Almost all groupings of trees are linear in character.

At the southern end of St. George’s Way, on the west side, a group (G004) of mixed species is growing close to the road, separated from the highway only by a narrow verge; along the eastern side of St. George’s Way, a number of trees and shrubs are growing at the foot of the railway embankment along the road verge, some separated from the road by metal palisade fencing (G005/6).

The waste ground on either side of the bridge over the A444 contains a diverse flora, and here may be found clusters of self-sown species such as hawthorn and goat willow (G011/2).

These trees, and a small group (G002) on the west side of St. George’s Way beside the water body that was formerly the Griff arm of the Coventry Canal, are mostly self-sown. The other trees at the site have been planted; these include individual street trees such as T024 and the two ash trees of G017; and linear roadside groups such as G007/8/9 and G016, of which some are situated behind boundary fencing, some on accessible grass verges, some behind low boundary walls, and others on raised ground behind retaining walls.

Some groups on site have screening value: these include the hedge-like group G018 on Bermuda Road, and the larger, less formal semi-mature groupings G019 and G020 on Tenlons Road.

Newly planted trees at the site include the groups G012/3 in the area along The Bridleway, where new houses have recently been built. These trees and the ground surrounding them mostly appeared quite unmanaged at the time of survey. A higher quality group of trees close by is the ornamental group G014, which includes an imposing eucalyptus specimen.

3.3. Site Topography The site is broadly level, but rising gradually from the southern end of the site (101m AOD at the southern end of St. George’s Way) to the north (106 mAOD. at the Bermuda Road / Heath End Road junction).

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3.4. Soil Assessment No soil assessment was carried out on site by the arboriculturists although the British Geological Survey website (http://www.bgs.ac.uk) states that the bedrock geology of the area of the application site is Pennine Lower Coal Measures Formation, i.e. mudstone, siltstone and sandstone sedimentary bedrock formed in the Carboniferous Period.

3.5. Statutory Protection Peter Jeffery, Planning Enforcement Officer at Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Council, and Clint Parker, Arboricultural Officer at Warwickshire County Council, have confirmed that no trees at or closely adjacent to the site are protected by a Tree Preservation Order (TPO).

The Nuneaton and Bedworth Borough Local Plan 2006 indicates that the application site is not set within a Conservation Area.

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4. Summary of Tree Condition

4.1. Number of Trees Recorded The survey captured 32no. individual trees and 20no. groups of trees at and immediately adjacent to the application site.

4.2. General Condition Details The survey sheets in Appendix B provide more detail on all the trees surveyed on site. In general the trees on site were showing signs of fair to good vitality with average bud formation and distribution for the tree species and locality. These are illustrated on drawings number 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-A to 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-E.

25 of the 32 individual trees surveyed were semi-mature or younger; only two of the 20 groups surveyed contained any mature trees, with the remainder of these two groups comprising predominantly young trees. The lack of mature trees meant that the structural and physiological issues associated with more mature trees, including the presence of wood decay fungi, were generally not present among the surveyed trees, and partly explains why no trees or groups were classified as British Standard Category ‘A’ trees (“high” quality with an estimated 40+ years’ useful remaining life expectancy).

Tree groups G001, G007-10, G014, G017-18, G020 and individual trees T001-4, T009, T013-19, T021-22, T024 and T026 have been recorded as British Standard Category ‘B’ trees. As such the trees are of “moderate” quality with an estimated 20+ years’ useful remaining life expectancy. These trees were for the most part downgraded from Category ‘A’ on account of their comparatively young age. Previous management of these trees was observed and included minor crown lifting or canopy reductions where branches were encroaching into the highway. Structural defects were typically minor in character - a few trees (e.g. in group G010) had tight forks, while some growing on roadside verges had sustained mower damage to exposed roots.

The British Standard Category B trees surveyed were generally in good condition; many of them have the potential, if well managed, to develop individually and collectively to become trees with significant amenity value. Equally, some of the Category C trees, although by definition of low quality, still offer landscape amenity value or screening value, while some currently modest young specimens have the potential to make an increasingly valuable contribution as they grow.

Tree groups G002-6, G011-13, G015-16, G019 and individual trees T005-8, T010-12, T020, T023, T025, T027-8 and T030-32 have been recorded as British Standard Category ‘C’ trees. As such the trees are of “low” quality due to their young age or (as in the case of group G016) their fair to poor structural condition. They are estimated to have 10+ years’ useful remaining life expectancy.

Category C trees, such as those along the eastern side of St. George’s Way, were frequently self-set trees having received no formative management; light deadwood was not uncommon, and some trees (most notably group G016) displayed dieback – dead branch tips at the outer edge of the canopy; in larger groups (G002, G004) occasional dead trees were found; the most recently planted trees (G012-13) were suffering from neglect following planting – growing with stakes and ties still in place amid dense vegetation.

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Several trees were growing in close proximity to fencing, with some branches or stems coming into contact with the fencing, and occasionally becoming impaled on spikes, as along the palisade fencing beside the railway line. These points of contact with the fencing can result in weakened stems or branches and a general management recommendation would be to cut all tree crowns that have come into contact with fencing.

Group G016 and trees T030-32 are low quality trees growing in a poor environment in a narrow bed behind a retaining wall between the pavement and business premises, displaying poor form and indifferent vitality.

Both the British Standard Category B trees and also the Category C trees surveyed, although by definition of moderate and low quality respectively, still offer landscape amenity value or screening value, while some currently modest young specimens will have the potential to make an increasingly valuable contribution as they grow.

One tree, T029, was recorded as a Category ‘U’ (“unsuitable for retention”) tree: this was a self-set Italian alder with poor form, growing in an unsuitable location.

The preliminary management recommendations that have been recommended for trees on site are covered within the tree survey schedules.

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5. Arboricultural Impacts

5.1. General This survey takes into account the tree stock deemed likely to be affected by the proposed scheme and identifies the trees’ condition and suitability for retention. The Tree Protection Plan (drawings number 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-A to 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-E) illustrates the extents of the survey area, the root protection area (RPA) for each tree or group of trees and the location of mitigation works to enable the implementation of the proposed works.

The British Standard relies heavily on the creation of a protected zone referred to as the RPA around each tree. This is the minimum area around a tree deemed to contain sufficient roots and rooting volume to maintain the tree’s viability, and where the protection of the roots and soil structure is treated as a priority. This area should be protected from disturbance “in order to avoid unacceptable damage to the tree as a result of severance or asphyxiation of the root system.” The recommended minimum area (m²) for each tree to avoid potentially harmful disturbance has been calculated for all of the trees on site and entered into the tree schedule and is illustrated on the tree survey drawing.

The RPA for each tree or group of trees is illustrated as a circle centred on the base of the stem or as a line offset around the outer extents of tree groups. This area does not take into account pre-existing site conditions or other factors that can influence or modify the shape and disposition of tree roots. Accordingly, the arboriculturists can make modifications or judgements on the likely extents of RPAs, where through professional judgement it is deemed likely that the root zones have been restricted in a certain direction because of limiting factors such as topography, drainage or the presence of existing built infrastructure.

5.2. Scheme details The ‘General Arrangement’ drawings 5147469-ATK-BCP-DR-D-101/2/3/4/5/6 prepared by Atkins show the plan to re-open the bridge over the A444 to vehicular traffic, and at the same time to make improvements to the roads on either side of the bridge.

At present details of the construction methodologies are not readily known and any site specific arboricultural methods of working should be covered within an Arboricultural Method Statement (AMS) once construction details have been finalised. It is assumed that access will be via existing hard surfacing and storage of materials or worksites also on hard surfacing or grassed areas outside of the constraints imposed by the tree stock.

5.3. Arboricultural Impacts The table below outlines the impacts of the proposals on the tree stock on site and likely mitigation measures required to facilitate the works.

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Proposed new lighting column outside of RPAs. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for new columns to Swedish avoid excavations within RPA. G001 B2 n/a n/a n/a X whitebeam If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of these trees will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS. New lighting column and crash barrier to be installed within RPA extents – Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for new columns to avoid excavations within RPA. Goat willow, elder, If this is not feasible and excavations G002 hawthorn, C2 n/a n/a n/a X are required then these are to be holly, undertaken by hand to minimise the impact on tree roots. Also locations of blackthorn uprights for barriers to be repositioned if significant roots encountered. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS. Proposed new lighting column outside of RPAs. Existing cable Birch, ducting linking old lighting columns Sycamore should be utilised for new columns to 'Leopoldii', avoid excavations within RPA. G003 Norway C2 n/a n/a n/a X Maple If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within 'Crimson the RPA of these trees will require King' hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS. Cherry, birch, ash, oak, hawthorn, blackthorn, G004 C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not directly affected by dog rose, proposed works. willow, sycamore, rowan, gorse

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Installation of new lighting columns and removal of existing lighting columns will require works within RPAs. Existing cable ducting linking old Hawthorn, lighting columns should be utilised for G005 Oak, Ash, C2 n/a n/a n/a X new columns to limit excavations Elder, within RPA. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of these trees will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS.

Installation of new lighting columns and removal of existing lighting columns will require works within Hawthorn, RPAs. oak, Swedish Existing cable ducting linking old whitebeam, lighting columns should be utilised for G006 apple, C2 n/a n/a n/a X new columns to limit excavations Norway within RPA. maple, dog If this is not feasible and excavations rose, gorse are required then any works within the RPA of these trees will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS. Silver Maple, Common G007 B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed Oak, Norway works Maple,

Norway G008 B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed Maple works

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

1no tree in footprint of proposed new car parking bays and will require removal; approximately 5no additional trees will sustain approx. 20% RPA severance to accommodate the works. This level of severance is broadly acceptable in line with the BS5837:2012 guidelines. Norway G009 B2 X n/a X X Specific mitigation measures will be Maple required to facilitate the works including root pruning, hand excavations immediately adjacent to the trees and the provision of protective barriers to define a construction exclusion zone around the trees. These measures will need to be detailed within an AMS once construction methods have been confirmed.

G010 Common Ash B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed works. Tree RPAs wholly or partly within extent of proposed earthworks – Hawthorn, approximately 7no trees currently G011 goat willow, C2 X n/a n/a n/a shown to be removed. The potential dog rose, ash to retain some of these trees is to be confirmed once the extents of the earthworks has been approved.

2 Hawthorn, 9no trees and 83m of hedge to be removed as part of the proposed oak, earthworks. The retained trees will blackthorn, G012 C2 X n/a n/a n/a require protective barriers to exclude dogwood, works within their RPAs and using elder, hazel, ‘HERAS’-type metal barriers. The field maple location of the barriers will need to be confirmed within an AMS. Hornbeam 'Fastigiata', Group in footprint of proposed works G013 C2 X n/a n/a n/a Silver Birch, - 13no individual trees to be Goat Willow removed.

Rosa spp., oak, wild service, Trees not directly affected by, but adjacent to, proposed works: protect eucalyptus, RPAs and crowns of trees using G014 cotoneaster, B1/2 n/a n/a X n/a ‘HERAS’-type metal barriers. The sycamore, preliminary location of the protective var. conifers barriers has been illustrated on the inc. fir, pine, TPP. spruce, larch

G015 Italian Alder C2 X X n/a n/a 3no individual trees to be removed.

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA Cherry, ash, sycamore, G016 whitebeam, C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed dogwood, works weigela

G017 Ash B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed works Leyland cypress, hazel, elder, whitebeam, G018 hawthorn, B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed laburnum, works ash, dogwood, hornbeam

Hawthorn, Alder, Hazel, Cherry, Elder, G019 C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed Goat Willow, works Common Oak, Rowan

Hazel, hawthorn, elder, rowan, birch, alder, G020 B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Trees not affected by proposed Italian alder, works goat willow, dogwood, hornbeam

Tree not directly affected by proposed works. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or T001 Silver Birch B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location for the new lighting columns.

Tree not directly affected by proposed works. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or T002 Silver Birch B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location for the new lighting columns.

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Tree not directly affected by proposed works. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or T003 Silver Birch B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location for the new lighting columns. Tree not directly affected by proposed works. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or T004 Silver Birch B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location for the new lighting columns. Tree not directly affected by proposed works. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or T005 Silver Birch C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location for the new lighting columns. Installation of new lighting column and removal of existing lighting column will require works within RPA. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for Leyland T006 C2 n/a n/a n/a X new column to limit excavations cypress within RPA. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of this tree will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS.

Installation of new lighting column and removal of existing lighting column will require works within RPA. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for Swedish T007 C2 n/a n/a n/a X new column to limit excavations whitebeam within RPA. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of this tree will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS.

Tree located within group G002 and T008 Goat willow C2 n/a n/a n/a X therefore protected by measures specified for G002

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Tree located within group G002 and T009 Scots Pine B2 n/a n/a n/a X therefore protected by measures specified for G002 Installation of new lighting column and removal of existing lighting column will require works just outside of the RPA. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for T010 Common Oak C2 n/a n/a n/a X new column to limit excavations within this area. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of this tree will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS. T011 Cherry C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works

T012 Crack Willow C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not directly affected by proposed works. Installation of new lighting column and removal of existing lighting column will require works within or adjacent to RPA. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for T013 Common Oak B2 n/a n/a n/a X new column to limit excavations within RPA. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of this tree will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS.

Installation of new lighting column and removal of existing lighting column will require works within or adjacent to RPA. Existing cable ducting linking old lighting columns should be utilised for T014 Oak B2 n/a n/a n/a X new column to limit excavations within RPA. If this is not feasible and excavations are required then any works within the RPA of this tree will require hand excavations and further protection measures detailed within an AMS.

T015 Silver maple B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not impacted upon by proposed works

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Design drawings show c.50% of RPA within extent of possible earthworks. This level of infringement has the potential to kill tree roots through asphyxiation by increasing ground levels around the tree. The designers should look at reducing the earthworks in this locality either using a potential retaining structure to retain a larger percentage of the tree’s RPA T016 Crack Willow B2 n/a n/a X X untouched or tapering the ground works off nearer to the road. If this is not possible then the tree will require a significant crown reduction to mitigate for the potential root loss and subsequent loss of anchorage. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location. Design drawings show c.25% of RPA within extent of possible earthworks. This level of infringement has the potential to kill tree roots through asphyxiation by increasing ground levels around the tree. The designers should look at reducing the earthworks in this locality either using a potential retaining structure to retain a larger percentage of the tree’s RPA T017 Crack Willow B2 n/a n/a X X untouched or tapering the ground works off nearer to the road. If this is not possible then the tree will require a significant crown reduction to mitigate for the potential root loss and subsequent loss of anchorage. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location.

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA

Design drawings show c.50% of RPA within extent of possible earthworks. This level of infringement has the potential to kill tree roots through asphyxiation by increasing ground levels around the tree. The designers should look at reducing the earthworks in this locality either using a potential retaining structure to retain a larger percentage of the tree’s RPA T018 Crack willow B2 n/a n/a X X untouched or tapering the ground works off nearer to the road. If this is not possible then the tree will require a significant crown reduction to mitigate for the potential root loss and subsequent loss of anchorage. The requirements for any tree protective barriers or facilitation pruning will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS once the earthworks have been confirmed in this location. New pavement proposed requiring removal of c.30% of small soft area within RPA. This level of infringement is deemed broadly acceptable given the tree’s small crown area reducing its wind loading potential and its root to shoot ratio. T019 Lime B2 n/a n/a X X The works will require specific mitigation measures to construct, including hand excavations, root pruning and arboricultural supervision. These mitigation measures will need to be confirmed and detailed within an AMS. T020 Wild Cherry C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T021 Whitebeam B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T022 Whitebeam B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T023 Elder C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T024 Lime B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T025 Silver Birch C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T026 Silver Birch B2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T027 Wild cherry C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works

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Group Removal due Mitigation Details of how proposed build / Tree Species Cat to required for layout affects trees and mitigation. No. Cons Cond Canopy RPA T028 Elm sp. C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not affected by proposed works T029 Italian Alder U n/a X n/a n/a Tree to be removed due to condition

T030 Apple C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not significantly affected by proposed works

T031 Silver Birch C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not significantly affected by proposed works

T032 Silver Birch C2 n/a n/a n/a n/a Tree not significantly affected by proposed works

Key: Group/ Tree number – Tree referenced in the tree survey. Species – Common name for species. Cat – BS5837:2012 Category rating. Removal due to - Cons – Construction, Cond – Condition. An X or n/a (not applicable) dependant on appropriate action or impact Mitigation required for - Canopy or for RPA (Root Protection Area). An X or n/a indicates appropriate actions as a result of the impacts on the tree(s).

The impacts of the proposals have been quantified as accurately as possible given the information available at this time. Many trees in the survey area will not be affected by the proposed works, not being adjacent to the works; of those trees that are affected, some will need to be removed due to their location within the proposed footprint of the works.

At present the scheme will require the removal of the following trees:

• 1no. BS Category B trees (1no tree from group G009);

• 32no. BS Category C trees (trees from groups G011/2/3 and G015; 83m2 of trees from tree group G012;

• 1no. BS Category U tree (ref. T029).

Where trees are to be retained, protective barriers will be required to define a ‘Construction Exclusion Zone’ which will enable the safe retention of the tree.

The proposed works include the removal or installation of lengths of electrical lighting cable. It is advised that any existing cable should be left in situ and re-used if possible; if removal is proposed, confirmation of the method of removal of the cable should be provided to the arboriculturist and protection measures defined within an AMS.

Three willow trees (T016/7/8) are growing on third party land on the northern side of the road which rises to the bridge over the A444 (when approaching from the east). A large part of the RPA of these trees is likely to fall within the extent of the scheme’s earthworks. All efforts should be made to keep earthworks – either excavation or depositing of earth – out of the RPAs of these trees; however, if this should not prove possible, the trees may be

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reduced in size through pollarding, to mitigate for any potential dwhich may enable them to withstand the impact of the works.

Tree T019 is a pollarded lime at the entrance to Bermuda Road. It has additional value as the first tree in a row of pollarded limes and planes along this compact and characterful street. The tree has limited soft surfacing within its RPA. It is proposed to construct a new pavement which would require the removal of c.30% of this soft surfacing. It is advised that the pavement be constructed with a permeable surface or using a ‘bridge’ method to pass over the tree’s root zone; no concrete kerb be installed between the pavement and the soft surfacing to be retained, but rather timber or steel edging used instead. Construction method to be confirmed with arboriculturist.

5.4. Preliminary Management Recommendations The preliminary management recommendations are covered in detail within the tree survey schedules.

5.5. Preliminary Mitigation Measures Reference has been made to protective measures and these include the provision of barriers to create Construction Exclusion Zones (CEZs) in order to protect the RPAs of trees affected by the proposed works. The CEZs will be defined as all the areas behind the fencing or all soft surfaces around retained trees. Site operations not permitted in the CEZ without consultation with an arboriculturist include storage of plant, equipment or materials, vehicular or plant access, washing down of vehicles or machinery, handling, discharge or spillage of any substances, including cement washings, actions likely to cause localised water-logging. No mechanical digging, scraping or excavation shall be permitted in the CEZ and no earthworks or changes in the finished ground levels other than those agreed by an arboriculturist.

The location of protective barriers has been illustrated on the TPP, but will need to be confirmed once construction methodologies are readily known. The protective barriers will need to be installed prior to any works commencing. The barriers are to be erected to exclude construction activity in the RPAs of retained trees and are to conform to figure 3b of BS5837:2012 (page 21), here as type fencing. It is to be noted that where existing boundary fences are retained these will be sufficient to provide protection to the retained trees on the south and west boundaries of the site.

The retained trees may also require facilitation pruning to enable the works to be undertaken without coming into contact and damaging tree crowns. The details of any facilitation pruning will have to be confirmed once construction methodologies are readily known.

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6. Arboricultural Method Statement

6.1. Heads of Terms A site specific Arboricultural Method Statement (AMS) would be supported by the production of detailed Tree Protection Plans illustrating the tree protection measures. The AMS will be appropriate to the proposals and would address some or all of the following:

• Removal of existing structures and hard surfacing;

• Installation of temporary ground protection;

• Excavations;

• Installation of new hard surfacing – materials, design constraints and implications for levels;

• Tree works schedule; and

• A schedule of specific events requiring input or arboricultural supervision.

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Appendix A. Key & BS5837:2012 Survey Table

Tree No: Sequential reference number given to the tree or group of trees as shown on the tree survey drawings.

Species: This is the common name given to the tree. The botanical name is sometimes given.

Height (Ht): tree height from the base of the tree to its heights stem, measured in metres (m). Measurements are taken to the nearest half metre.

Stem diameter (mm): measured in accordance with figure A1 below. Measurements rounded to the nearest 10mm.

Branch spread (m): measurement of crown spread to the four cardinal points, if the crown is balanced a single measurement is given. Crown spread plotted on the tree survey drawings. Measurements are taken to the nearest half metre.

1st significant branch and direction of growth (m): measurement of the height of the first significant branch above ground level, given in metres and direction of growth e.g. 2.4-N

Canopy height (m): height of the canopy above ground level. Measurements are taken to the nearest half metre.

Life stage: The following abbreviations are used: Y = Young trees <1/5 life expectancy. SM = Semi-Mature trees 1/5 – 2/5 life expectancy. EM = Early Mature trees 2/5 – 3/5 life expectancy. M = Mature trees 3/5 – 4/5 life expectancy OM= Over-Mature trees >4/5 life expectancy

General observations, particularly of structural and/or physiological condition: e.g. observations of the any decay and physical defect.

Preliminary management recommendations: any identified preliminary management to rectify defects recorded in general observations. These may include the need for further detailed inspection, or works to address immediate hazard to life or property.

Estimated remaining contribution, in years: <10 10+ 20+ 40+

Category grading: As per BS5837:2012 chart in accordance with figure A2 below. A – Illustrated as light green (RGB code 000-255-000) B – Illustrated as Mid blue (RGB code 000-000-255) C – Illustrated as Grey (RGB code 091-091-091) U – Illustrated as Dark red (RGB code 127-000-000)

Root Protection Area (m2): plotted around each of the category A, B and C trees on relevant drawings, and illustrates the minimum area around a tree deemed to contain sufficient roots and rooting volume to maintain the tree’s viability , and where the protection of the roots and soil structure is treated as paramount.

(Note: Red hash tag ‘#’ will denote that a measurement is estimated)

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Figure A1 – Measurement of tree stems dependant on tree form:

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Figure A2 – Cascade chart for tree quality assessment from BS5837:2012

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Appendix B. Tree Survey Schedules

Tree No Species in Ht Stem Branch 1st major Canopy Life Vitalit General observations Preliminary Est’d Category Root Group (m) diameter spread branch height stage y Structural and/or physiological management Remaining grading Protection (mm) (m) height (m) (m) Y condition recommendations contribution A Area Radius N & SM (years) B (m) E Direction EM <10/10+/20+/4 C S N/E/S/W M 0+ U W OM 1/2/3

Trio growing on broad grass strip between roadside and industrial premises; inspection chambers adjacent, some Swedish EM- historic mower damage to No works presently G001 10 to 420 5 2 1.5 Good 20+ B2 5.0 whitebeam M exposed roots; form required characteristic of species, with many branches rising from crowded break at 1800mm to form dense canopy

Dense clump of scrub with road Goat willow, on eastern side and disused elder, canal arm to south; tangled to 2 x No works presently G002 hawthorn, to 8 4 all 0 0 EM Fair interior with isolated dead 10+ C2 2.5 150 required holly, specimens; growth mostly at blackthorn outer edges of canopy; ecological value

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Line of trees, grassed area at Birch, base. Average offset from Sycamore footpath 1-1.5m. No direct 'Leopoldii', Fair To damage recorded from surface No works presently G003 Norway To 180 To 3.5 n/a 1.5 Y to 20+ C2 2.2 8 root activity. Minor crown required Maple good thinning. 1xtree stump. No 'Crimson apparent significant structural King' defects recorded

Cherry, On west side of road extending birch, ash, north from roundabout; variable oak, linear group, in part thorn-based hawthorn, hedge, in part grove of Remove dead tree if blackthorn, to suckering cherry; frequent G004 to 300 4 all 0 0 EM Fair adjacent to proposed 10+ C2 3.6 dog rose, 10 standard trees, above average works willow, dieback among birch; ecological sycamore, and aesthetic value; minimal rowan, previous management; 1no dead gorse tree

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Lapsed hedgerow. Intermittent groups remaining. Growing railway side and occasional shrubs roadside. Footpath directly west. No direct damage recorded from surface root activity. Moderate crown Hawthorn, Fair thinning in places. Damage from To Cut back crowns to G005 Oak, Ash, To 300* To 6 n/a GL Y-M to car collision close to south 20+ C2 3.6 6 boundary Elder, good extents. Screen function. Single & multi stem forms recorded. Past coppice or heavy reductions. No recent active management recorded. Infringing on footpath. Ivy encroachment on stems in places. Smothering crowns.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Growing on narrow bank on eastern side of road between kerb and palisade fence at railway boundary; mix of Hawthorn, occasional shrubby standard oak, trees and semi-coherent Swedish stretches of hawthorn, possibly whitebeam, No works presently G006 to 6 to 250 3.5 0 0 Y-EM Good partly remnants of a hedge 10+ C2 3.0 apple, required planting; management only to Norway cut back from road; widespread maple, dog bramble; Norway maple self-set, rose, gorse southern of 2no apples has decay pocket at fork near ground level where branch lost, but vitality of all trees good

Third party trees. Closest tree 2m offset. Surface root activity Silver recorded at south extents with Maple, raised footpath surface to 1.2 Common To NP- No works presently G007 To 400* To 6 n/a GL Good from fence. Potentially seeking 20+ B2 4.8 Oak, 14 EM required out water source, utility Norway excavation. Screen function. The Maple, more mature trees are interplanted with young oaks.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Third party trees growing on raised earth mound. 6m offset Norway To from footpath. Minor deadwood No works presently G008 300 To 5.5 2-E 2 SM Good 20+ B2 3.6 Maple 10 in crowns, internal canopy required shading. No fence between trees and site boundary

Third party trees. Planted group. Fence between trees and works. Norway To No works presently G009 To 220 To 4.5 n/a 1.5 Y-SM Good No apparent significant 20+ B2 2.6 Maple 7 required structural defects recorded. Average offset from fence 4m.

4m offset from footpath. Single & multi stem forms. Tight fork at To Common junctions on east tree, not No works presently G010 12 250@10 To 5 n/a GL SM Good 20+ B2 3.0 Ash significant at present. No required 0 apparent significant structural defects recorded

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

On south side of road rising up to A444 road bridge, east side of Hawthorn, A444, section closed to motor goat willow, No works presently G011 to 6 to 200 3.5 0 0 SM Good vehicles; shrubby specimens, 10+ C2 2.4 dog rose, required mostly self-set, dotted around ash area of unchecked vegetation, diverse flora, bramble, nettle

On south side of road rising up to A444 road bridge, west side Hawthorn, of A444; shrubby specimens, oak, mostly self-set, in area of blackthorn, No works presently G012 to 5 to 200 2.5 0 0 Y-SM Good unchecked vegetation; west end, 10+ C2 2.4 dogwood, required in new housing area, young elder, hazel, curved hedge and intermittent field maple specimen trees, no active management recorded

Intermittent line of trees. Tree Hornbeam stakes attached. Mitigation 'Fastigiata', Remove redundant G013 4 To 100 To 1 n/a GL NP Good planting. Ornamental shrubs no 20+ C2 1.2 Silver Birch, tree stakes active management recorded, Goat Willow smothering bases and crowns

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Attractive planting at roadside: 1500mm rose hedge at pavement side; behind this, Rosa spp., bamboo and 1500mm height oak, wild privet/hawthorn hedge; to rear service, linear array of good quality eucalyptus, ornamental tree species, most cotoneaster, to No works presently G014 to 750 4 all 0 0 Y-M Good notably large eucalyptus; 1-2no 20+ B1/2 9.0 sycamore, 18 required small diameter dead poles here; var. conifers between trees and front inc. fir, pine, vegetation a deep drainage spruce, ditch; the whole an attractive larch and well maintained assemblage with arboricultural and screening value

Fair Includes 2 x dead trees. Growing To Remove & replace G015 Italian Alder To 90 To 1.5 n/a GL NP to around dry pond. Stakes & ties 10+ C2 1.1 4 dead trees poor still attached

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Linear group growing on 1500mm wide strip between 1m- high retaining wall on pavement Cherry, ash, side and palisade fence and hard sycamore, Fair surfacing of industrial premises to SM- No works presently G016 whitebeam, to 300 4 all 1 1 to on other side; trees at 2-3m 10+ C2 3.6 14 EM required dogwood, poor spacings, mostly showing weigela extensive canopy dieback and poor forms; RPAs very likely to be constrained on east and west side

Matching pair on roadside verge, lamp post close by on west side; light pruning to lift crowns, with No works presently G017 Ash 12 280 5 2 2 SM Good 20+ B2 3.4 small decay pockets resulting; required historic mower damage to exposed roots

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Leyland cypress, Varied but coherent hedge hazel, elder, providing screening between Treat Japanese whitebeam, SM- road and adjacent housing; knotweed in G018 hawthorn, to 6 to 200 2 0 0 Good 20+ B2 2.4 EM density 1-2 plants per metre; accordance with laburnum, includes clump of Japanese horticultural practice ash, knotweed dogwood, hornbeam

Hawthorn, Planted corner plot. Immediately Alder, Hazel, adjacent to footpath, no direct Cherry, Fair To damage recorded from surface No works presently G019 Elder, Goat To 150 To 3 n/a GL Y-SM to 20+ C2 1.8 5 root activity. No active required Willow, good management recorded, dense Common screen. Oak, Rowan

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Hazel, hawthorn, Useful linear group on roadside elder, bank, residential properties to rowan, Remove dead trees if to rear; many multistems, including G020 birch, alder, to 250 4 all 0 0 SM Good adjacent to proposed 20+ B2 3.0 10 coppiced hazel; 2-3no dead Italian alder, works alder but vitality generally good; goat willow, taller trees to rear of group dogwood, hornbeam

Part of a line of trees. Crown break at 1.6m into multi-stems. Unions appear sound. Epicormic No works presently T001 Silver Birch 9 280 4, S-3 1.8-N 1.7 SM Good 20+ B2 3.4 growth on stem. No apparent required significant structural defects recorded

Part of a line of trees. Grassed 4, N-3, area at base. Crown break at No works presently T002 Silver Birch 9 200 2-E 1.5 SM Good 20+ B2 2.4 S-2 2m. Co-dominant stems from required 2.5m, union appears sound.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Part of a line of trees. Grassed area at base. Crown break at No works presently T003 Silver Birch 9 240 4, N-3 2-SW 1.5 SM Good 20+ B2 2.9 2m. Co-dominant stems, union required appears sound.

Part of a line of trees. Grassed 3, S- area at base. Single stem to 6m. No works presently T004 Silver Birch 9 220 2-E 1.5 SM Good 20+ B2 2.6 4.5 No apparent significant required structural defects recorded

Part of a line of trees. Grassed area at base. 30degree lean No works presently T005 Silver Birch 6 200 E-5, 3 1.5-E 1.5 SM Good from vertical to south east. No 10+ C2 2.4 required root plate movement. Scalped roots to west

fair Extensive dieback - upper half of Remove top part of Leyland T006 15 600# 3 0 0 M to tree dead, vitality of lower half tree above living 10+ C2 7.2 cypress poor remains apparently fair lower part

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

On grassy bank, forking near ground level; light pruning of Swedish basal growth and lower crown; No works presently T007 6 3 x 150 4 1 1.5 EM Good 10+ C2 3.12 whitebeam small impact wound 1500mm required east side with good reaction growth

Growing close to road in small scrubby plantation; small decay pocket at fork at 400mm where 400 at No works presently T008 Goat willow 9 6 2 1 EM Good small stem previously lost; no 10+ C2 4.8 100 required apparent previous management; sub-50mm diameter deadwood common in crown interior

Scrub vegetation around base. 1.5m offset from footpath. No direct damage recorded from No works presently T009 Scots Pine 12 250 3.5 1-E 1.8 SM Good 20+ B2 3.0 surface root activity. Crown required reduced to east for footpath clearance.

Common Crown topped at 1.8m. Growing No works presently T010 1.8 220 1.3 1-SE 0.5 Y Fair 10+ C2 2.6 Oak in ornamental border required

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

On narrow grass strip at entrance to industrial premises, 100 at 2, 1, 1, 50mm diameter branch tear and No works presently T011 Cherry 3 1200m 1.5 1.5 SM Fair 10+ C2 1.2 2 historic tear wound with good required m reaction growth at break of meagre crown

Growing west side of armco. Crack Multi stem form at base. Base T012 8 100x10 4.5 n/a GL SM Fair Coppice 10+ C2 3.8 Willow not accessible. Moderate dieback in crown.

Growing within G005. Railway land. 2m offset from footpath. No direct damage recorded from Common No works presently T013 6 300 6, W-3 1.2-W 1 Y Good surface root activity. Crown 20+ B2 3.6 Oak required reduced to west, small diameter deadwood remaining at stub cuts from crown lifting

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Open canopy, on railway land to east of road, 1m distance from 340 at SM- palisade fence - some interaction No works presently T014 Oak 6 1200m 4W, 6 1 1 Good 20+ B2 4.1 EM / impalement of sub-70mm required m # diameter branches; canopy pruned back on road side

Decay pocket at 600mm fork where 75mm diameter branch 150 + removed with flush cut - minimal No works presently T015 Silver maple 12 5 1.5 1.5 EM Good 20+ B2 3.4 240 # reaction growth; crown free of required dieback; Vasates quadripedes maple bladder gall widespread

Third party tree. 400mm offset from boundary fence. Multi stem Inspect basal Crack form at base. Base not condition to inform T016 17 290x4 7 3-S 2 M Good 20+ B2 7.0 Willow accessible. Old coppice. Mutually any future suppressed stems. Small management diameter deadwood in crown

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Third party tree. 400mm offset Inspect basal Crack from boundary fence. Base not condition to inform T017 17 350 7 2.5 1.5 M Good 20+ B2 4.2 Willow accessible. Small diameter any future deadwood in crown. management

Growing behind palisade fence on industrial premises, southern Inspect basal edge of crown close to condition to inform T018 Crack willow 17 480 # 6 2.5 1.5 EM Good 20+ B2 5.8 pavement; single stem forking at any future 2m; canopy appears balanced; management no visual access to base

Pollarded street tree. Dense epicormic growth at the time of Remove suckering T019 Lime 8 500* 2 n/a GL M Good 20+ B2 6.0 survey. Crown pollarded at 7- growth 8m. Unions not visible

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Growing north of footpath, brick retaining wall between tree & footpath. Stepped crack in wall synonymous with direct damage No works presently T020 Wild Cherry 5 250x2 5, W-2 2-SE 1 EM Fair 10+ C2 4.2 from tree roots lifting wall. required Heavily suppressed crown. Co- dominant stems at 1m, union appears sound.

Third party tree, growing 0.5m approx. below level of footpath. Retaining wall between tree and footpath. No direct damage No works presently T021 Whitebeam 6 220 4, N-1 2-S 2 EM Good recorded from surface root 20+ B2 2.6 required active activity. Crown break at 2m into multi stems. Unions appear sound Pruning wounds in crown from crown lifting

Third party tree, retaining wall between tree & footpath. No direct damage recorded from No works presently T022 Whitebeam 7 450 5 2-E 2 M Good surface root activity. Crown 20+ B2 5.4 required break at 2m into multi stems. Unions appear sound. Approx. 600mm below level of footpath

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Hard by corner of palisade fence, 6no stems rising from 250 at No works presently T023 Elder 6 3E, 2 0 0 M Good break near ground level; ground 10+ C2 3.0 g.l. required falls away in south-west quarter of RPA

Street tree. Grassed verge at base. No direct damage recorded from surface root active activity. Crown break at No works presently T024 Lime 14 480 2, E-3 2-NW 4 M Good 20+ B2 5.8 2m into co-dominant stems, required slight inclusion at union. Crown lifted in past. Suckering growth at base.

Moderate crown thinning. Small diameter deadwood in crown. Decay at old branch wound south east side of main stem at No works presently T025 Silver Birch 12 300 3.5 4-E 2 EM Fair 400mm. Not significant at 10+ C2 3.6 required present. Hard surfaces surrounding tree. Surface roots scalped to south and east. Crown lifted.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Crown growing through overhead cables. Hard surfaces surrounding root zone. No direct No works presently T026 Silver Birch 12 300 3.5 1.5-N 1.5 EM Good 20+ B2 3.6 damage recorded from surface required root activity. Single stem. Geotextile around base.

Base not surveyed. Third party 2.5, tree. Retaining wall between T027 Wild cherry 4 200 1-S 1.5 SM Fair Crown lift to 2.5m 10+ C2 2.4 W-0 tree & footpath. Crown infringing on footpath

Base not surveyed. Third party tree. Retaining wall between T028 Elm sp. 5 250 5, E-2 1-N 2 SM Fair Crown lift to 2.5m 10+ C2 3.0 tree & footpath. Crown infringing on footpath

Self-sown, growing in footpath. Limited long term T029 Italian Alder 4 130 1.5 1.5-E 1 Y Fair Lean from 1m. 30 degree, slight <10 U 1.6 potential - remove correction in crown

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Growing on 2m-wide vegetation strip between builders' yard with palisade fence and pavement with low brick wall ; a twin-stem 4, 4, 1, and a single stem turning 90 No works presently T030 Apple 5 75 x 3 0 0 SM Good 10+ C2 1.6 2 degree angle near ground level required then leaning 25 degrees to north-east; some interaction with metal fence / impalement on spikes

Retaining wall between tree and footpath. Base not accessible. No works presently T031 Silver Birch 5 200 2, E-1 2.5-W 1 SM Fair 10+ C2 2.4 Dense bramble. Crown and stem required topped at 4m.

Co-dominant stems at 2m, union appears sound. Retaining wall 2.5, S- No works presently T032 Silver Birch 5 250 2-S 1 SM Fair between tree and footpath. Base 10+ C2 3.0 2, W-1 required not accessible. Dense bramble. Crown and stem topped at 4m.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Appendix C. Glossary of Terms

Term Description Access Facilitation One-off tree pruning operation, the nature and effects of which Pruning are without significant adverse impact on tree physiology or amenity value, which is directly necessary to provide access for operations on site. Adaptive Growth The process whereby wood formation is influenced both in quantity and in quality by the action of gravitational force and mechanical stresses on the cambial zone Amenity Value The environmental and landscape benefits of trees as opposed to their commercial value for timber Ancient Woodland Sites which have been wooded since at least 1600, as defined by English Nature and recognised as being of high nature conservation value, whether managed or not. They may be semi-natural or replanted. Arboricultural Method Methodology for the implementation of any aspect of Statement development that is within the root protection area, or has the potential to result in loss of or damage to a tree to be retained. Arboriculture The study and care of trees and other woody vegetation Arboriculturist A person who has, through relevant education, training and experience, gained expertise in the field of trees in relation to construction. Cavity An open wound, characterised by the presence of decay and resulting in a hollow Co-dominant stems Where a trees main stem splits into two leaders, can also be called twin-stemmed. Competent person A person who has training and experience relevant to the matter being addressed and an understanding of the requirements of the particular task being approached. Construction Site-based operations with the potential to affect existing trees. Construction The area based on the root protection area from which access Exclusion Zone (CEZ) is prohibited for the duration of a project. Coppice A traditional method of woodland management in which young tree stems are repeatedly cut down to near ground level. In subsequent growth years, many new shoots will emerge, and, after a number of years the coppiced tree, or stool, is ready to be harvested, and the cycle begins again Crown clearance This is the removal of all dead, dying and diseased branches; in addition branches that are cleared away from a specific hazard e.g. live railway line.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Term Description Crown lifting The removal of lower branches to provide a desired amount of clearance above ground level. This can be achieved either by the complete removal of a branch or only parts of which extend below the desired height Crown reduction The overall reduction of both the height and spread of the crown. Decay Process of degradation of woody tissues by fungi and bacteria through decomposition of cellulose and lignin. Deadwood Deadwood is often present within the crown or on the stems of trees. In some instances is may be an indication of ill health, however, it may also indicate natural growth processes. If a target is present beneath the tree, deadwood may fall and cause injury or damage and should be removed, otherwise deadwood can remain intact for conservation purposes (insects, fungi, birds etc.). Epicormic growth A secondary growth from dormant adventitious buds on the stem or main braches. Failure In connection with tree hazards, a partial or total fracture within woody tissue or loss of cohesion between roots and soil. Hazard beam A branch that has over extended in which strong internal stresses may occur without the compensatory formation of extra wood (longitudinal splitting may occur in some cases). Hung-up limb Dead or fallen branch from within the crown or from another tree’s crown that has failed and been caught up by, and resting on, branches of a tree Included Bark Junction Pattern of development at branch junctions where bark is turned inward rather than pushed out. Potential weakness due to a lack of a woody union. Ivy Growth Ivy growth may ascend into the tree’s crown, increasing wind resistance, concealing potential defects and reducing the tree’s photosynthetic capacity. Ivy growth is often acceptable in woodland areas as a conservation benefit. Monolith A large bulk of standing dead wood. Usually the truck of the tree or the truck with the base of the branch frame work. These should be retained for wildlife habitat when the risk is appropriate for the location.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Term Description Pollarding This involves the removal of whole branches to leave only the main trunk. In species such as willows and poplars such as significant pruning is acceptable with new branches developing from the pollard heads. Secondary pruning of the new wood can help form a new canopy to the tree several years after the initial pollard Reaction Wood Specialised secondary xylem, which develops in response to a lean or similar mechanical stress, attempting to restore the stem to the vertical. Root Protection Area The layout design tool indicating the minimum area around a (RPA) tree deemed to contain sufficient roots and rooting volume to maintain the tree’s viability, and where the protection of the roots and soil structure is treated as a priority. Service Any above or below ground structure or apparatus required for utility provision. Stem The principal above-ground structural component(s) of a tree that supports its branches. Structure A manufactured object, such as a building, carriageway, path, wall, service run, and built or excavated earthwork. Structural Defect Internal or external points of weakness, which reduce the stability of the tree Sub-dominant stem A branch within the crown that is not the dominant leader Suppressed Trees which are dominated by surrounding vegetation and whose crown development is restricted from above. TPO A Tree Preservation Order is an order made by Local Planning Authority which in general makes it an offence to cut down, lop, top, uproot, wilfully damage or wilfully destroy a tree without first getting permission from us. Tree Preservation Orders are usually made to protect trees that make a significant contribution to the amenity of an area. They may particularly be made when it is felt that a tree may be under threat. Tree Constraints Plan Abbreviated to TCP. Plans showing specific tree constraints including Root Protection Areas and Crown spread. Tree Protection Plan Abbreviated to TPP. Scaled drawing, informed by descriptive text where necessary, based upon the finalised proposals, showing trees for retention and illustrating the tree and landscape protection measures. Veteran Tree A tree that, by recognised criteria, shows features of biological, cultural or aesthetic value that are characteristic of, but not exclusive to, individuals surviving beyond the typical age range for the species concerned. These characteristics might typically include a large girth, signs of crown retrenchment and hollowing of the stem.

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Term Description Visual Tree A non-invasive method of examining the health and structural Assessment condition of trees. Developed by Claus Mattheck and David Brelor 1994 Wound Any injury, which induces a compartmentalisation response

Wound Wood Wood with atypical anatomical features, formed in the vicinity of a wound and a term to describe the occluding tissues around a wound as opposed to the ambiguous term “callus.”

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5147469/Bermuda Connection Arboricultural Impact Assessment

Appendix D. Drawings

Page 48 of 50

BRAEMAR WAY

KINROSS CLOSE

2 2

44 20

CP 32 14 14 17 17 14

THE RAYWOODS

10 10

10 Ward Bdy

48 - 12 12 Pavilion MR 36 Coventry Canal 37

CF 6 6

19 2 93.5m

81 81

21 21 30

2 2 2 8 8

14 3 65

65 AVIEMORE CLOSE

17 17 17

1 to 15 15 to to 1 1 1 to 15 to 1 15

El Sub Sta Griff and Coton

28 28

1 1 1

13 13 13 18 18 Sports and Social Club Boot

50 2 2 2 Bridge Bandstand

1 110

38 38 Ward Bdy 29 38

Sports Ground

42a 42a

27 42a

39 39 NAIRN CLOSE 39 18 21 9 ORKNEY CLOSE TCB 1

101.8m Shelter

91 91

27 27 27

1 1 1

20 20 41 41 41

67 67 38 LB 37 25 7 9 36 52 MR

19 SKYE CLOSE

40 to 54 Recreation Ground 43 43

21 The Boot 43

2 2 11 (PH)

Horse Shoes Inn CR

6 6 (PH) 95.6m

2 to 16

45 45 LB 45

122 Frederick Warr House 8 8 8

54 9

Bowling Green

13 13 13 BULL RING

24 24

8 24 MR

39 39 39

29 29

2 2

2 AMOS AVENUE

1 1 GP 1

103 103

1a 1a

1 1a

1b 1b 1b

27 7

81 81 59 59

CLOSE 59 G005 Chy 11

9 Merchant House

61 61 11 61 ED & Ward Bdy 34 34 34 ORKNEY 1 to 4 Works

HARE AND HOUNDS LANE

4 4 4

42 42

Glendale 42

36 36

Games Courts 21 36

71 71 64 71 100.0m 68 Infant School OLDANY WAY

1 25 81 81 81

17 50 50 50

2 105 105 20 20

25a 20

157a

12 19

68 68 68

12 12 HEATH END ROAD El Sub Sta 12

27 98.2m

24 24

49 49 ASHDOWN DRIVE 49 107

107 29a

72 72

29 72 HARMONY COURT 34 34 KEY

47 Garage Harmony House Hare and Hounds 1A

Inn

24 24

CF 24 74 74 (PH) 74

225 57

13 Club 67 12 223 221 69

Allotment Gardens 86 86 74 101.0m 86 73 80 COLLEGE STREET 201 189

187 93

96 96 El Sub Sta Works 96 Church 143 159 127 CHILVERS 129

183 173

185 106 106 181 106 Gas Gov Oakland Mews Posts Tank COTON Garage TCB 10 235 22

Heathside Chy

118 118 118

126 126 HEATH END ROAD 126

285

138 138 138

148 148

293 148

160 160 160

166 166 166

294 294 294

292a 292a 292a 292 292

301 292 102.2m 294a 294a 294a 294b 294b 294b

164 164 164 174 174 174 288 288

287 288

289

306

306 El Sub Sta

308 308

174a 174a 174a 182 182 182

262 262 262

318 318

184b 184b 184b

186 186 186

234 234 234

184 184 184

198 198 198 186a 186a 186a

188 188

313 188

248 248 248 178 178

319 178 Tanks Category A tree

326 326 60

326a 326a

3 3 3 32

1 1 1

2 180 180

Sunday 180 330

330 T028 T027 School 34

336 336

7 7 7

5 5 5

348 HEATH END ROAD 348

372 372

374 374

Works

356 356

1 1 1

328 328 Maternity Hospital 37 Category B tree

Depot

16 9 74

11 11

11 104.8m CORNISH CRESCENT A 444 76

T032 Willow Brooke Nursery 18 36 T031

BERMUDA ROAD

2 2

Works 2

TENLONS ROAD

22 26

4 4

4 Playground

7 7 7 CORNISH CRESCENT The Lucy Category C tree Deane Centre

Industrial T030 Estate HEATH END

Dismantled Railway

23 23 23

T029 CORNISH CRESCENT Tank

Mary Anne Evans Hospice 20 20 20

5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-A FB

15 15 15 36 Category U tree 14 G020

(Mast (Telecommunication)) 5A

14 14 14

TENLONS ROAD George Eliot El Sub Sta

33 33 WINTERBORNE GARDENS 33 Hospital

23 40

5 40 16 14 (Mast 2 28

T026

(Telecommunication)) G019

34 34

34 Tree group or hedge -

31 31

31 T025 WOBURN DRIVE Middlemarch

1 34

35 35

35 10 School

45 45 20 45 9

105.1m 50

13 13 13 27 27 27 39 39 39 1 1 1

37 37

49 49 49

7 30 21 21 21 6

SHILLINGSTONE

29 29

29 colour according to

51 51 51 El Sub Sta 52

47 47

22 22 22

28 28 28

23 42 31 2 George Eliot Training 22 ST GEORGES WAY

1 & Education Centre 29

DRIVE

34 category as above 14

Combe House 41

16 41 13 FB

REDWOOD CROFT

Tank 13 24

25 25 25 G017 8

28 28

2 10 18 7 ELIOT WAY

Car Park 16 32 G018 24 62

17 17

17 T024 Tree reference

27 27 27

39 39 9 9 T001 RADLEY Shepperton House

DRIVE

12 12 29 22 HASELBURY CORNER

ELIOT WAY

7 7 7 1 1 1

19 19

19 19 Memorial

1 1

35 35 35

15 15 15 64

9 9 9 number

2 2 8

8 Ambulance Station

17 OKEFORD WAY

53 53 53

7 7

54 1 8 ETL 15 14 4A

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55 55 13 55

6 The Courtyard

1 1 1

57 57 57 9 Tree group 10 CHRISTCHURCH G001 CLOSE

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12 24

1 1

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5 5

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88 88

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34 34

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2 1 60 60 60

4 96.8m

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58 58 37 58

4 4 1 27 4 1 67

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21 21

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48 48

15 48

22 22 22 (indicative location only) 1

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22 22 22

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20 20 20

73 73 73

10 10 10 38 38 38

12 12 12 8 8 8 4 4 4

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23 23

WISTERIA WAY Sta 23

20 20 20

63 63 63

25 Aster Walk 8

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20 20 6 35 27 20

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17 17 17

53 53 53 CARNATION WAY 1

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26 26

26 26 2 CR CR CR

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29 29 29

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14 14 IRIS AVENUE 14

15 15 15

7 7 7

37 10

8 8 8 6 6 6 2 2 2

14 14 14

34 34 34 20 20 20 28 28 28 FUCHSIA CLOSE 22 22

22 1 28 28 28

37 37 37

47 FEATHER LANE

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WISTERIA WAY

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42 42 42 PETUNIA CLOSE 2 4 5 1 GRESHAM ROAD 0 Pumping

47 Station 53

GRIFF WAY 7

31 44 44 44

Bermuda ST GEORGES WAY Sinks

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9 52 10 11 Industrial 1 ETL

8 5 93.9m

54 54 54

56 56 56 12

15 Estate T001 60 60 60

58 58 58

29 29 29 16

23 T002 24

25 Marigold Walk T003 T004 T005

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28 T006

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11 11

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SITE CR

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Und

ST DAVIDS WAY

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reference

1 1 1 107 number

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number

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51 51 51 T022

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293

294 294 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-E 294 292a 292a 292a

292 292 301 292 294a 294a 294a

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287 288

289

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number 328 328 DO NOT SCALE Root Protection Area (RPA)

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Rev. Date Description By Chk'd App'd

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(Mast

(Telecommunication)) G019

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31 31 31

1 35 35 35

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TREE PROTECTION PLAN: 5 OF 5

AA TD . 1:500 A1 06.09.16 06.09.16 REFER TO SHEET 1 OF 5 FOR FULL SITE LAYOUT I 5147469-ATK-BHM-ARB001-E A

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Appendix D. Ecology and Nature Conservation

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Appendix D.1. Methodology

General This chapter is in accordance with the Design Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) (Volume 11, Section 3, Part 4 – Ecology and Nature conservation1), supplementary advice from IAN 130/102, and generally following Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in the United Kingdom3.

Zone of Influence or Spatial Scope The proposed activities were reviewed in order to identify the spatial scale at which ecological features could be affected and to define the total extent of the study area for ecological assessment. The zone of influence is the area encompassing all predicted negative ecological effects from the proposed scheme, both those which will occur as a result of land-take and habitat loss and those which will occur through disturbance such as noise. Due to the scale and nature of the proposal a maximum zone of up to 2km (for internationally and nationally important statutory designated sites) and 1km for non-statutory sites are considered appropriate for the gathering of information during the desk study. For the field survey, the Site plus the immediately adjacent land (up to 50m outside the Site boundary where access allowed) was taken as an appropriate survey area. The Site boundary and ecological survey area are shown on the Phase 1 Habitat Map (see Appendix D.2).

Desk study In March 2015 the Warwickshire Biological Records Centre (WBRC) was contacted to obtain the following ecological data: • Records of non-statutory designated sites (LWS, Ecosite) within 1 km of the Site boundary; • Records of legally protected and notable species (fauna and flora) within 1 km of the Site boundary, including Species of Principal Importance for the Conservation of Biodiversity listed under Section 41 of the Natural Environment & Rural Communities Act 2006 in the England Biodiversity List4; and • Records of species and habitats of conservation concern listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan5 (BAP) and the Warwickshire, Coventry and Solihull Local Biodiversity Action Plan (Local BAP).

The Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC) website (www.magic.gov.uk) was reviewed for information on designated sites of nature conservation importance. The search area included a 5km radius from the Site for internationally designated Special Protection Areas (SPAs), Special Areas of

1 Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, June 1993, Volume 11 Section 3, Part 4, Ecology and Nature Conservation. 2 Interim Advice Note 130/10, September 2010, Ecology and Nature conservation: Criteria for Impact Assessment. 3 Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in the United Kingdom, IEEM, 26 June 2006 4 Section 40 of the Natural Environment & Rural Communities Act 2006 requires that every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity. The Secretary of State, has drawn up, in accordance with Section 41 of the Act and in consultation with Natural England, a list of habitats and species of principal importance for the purpose of conserving biodiversity in England that is known as the England Biodiversity List 5 Joint Nature Conservation Committee website http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=5705 6 DRMB Volume 11, Section 4: assessment of implications on European sites (DH44/09)

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Conservation (SACs) and Internationally Important Wetland Sites (Ramsar sites). This search was extended to a 30km radius for internationally designated SAC sites designated for qualifying features relating to bats following DRMB guidelines6. The search area included 2 km radius for statutory designated sites such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and National Nature Reserves (NNRs) and a 1km radius for non-statutory designated sites such as Local Nature Reserves (LNRs), Local Wildlife Sites (LWS), Potential Local Wildlife Sites (pLWS) and Ecosites. Ordnance Survey maps and Where’s the Path (http://wtp2.appspot.com/wheresthepath.htm) website were used to identify the presence of water bodies within 250 m of the Site boundary (the GCN Survey Area), in order to establish if the land within and immediately surrounding the Site could be used as terrestrial habitat for great crested newts. This species typically uses suitable terrestrial habitat up to 500m from a breeding pond4. However, there is a notable decrease in great crested newt abundance beyond a distance of 250m from a breeding pond. The Akins (2013) Ecological Impact Assessment7 was reviewed for any survey results pertinent to the survey area.

Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey An extended Phase 1 habitat survey was undertaken on 14 June 2016 by Morgan Hughes BSc MSc MCIEEM, (Ecologist) and James Hicks MBiolSci GradCIEEM (Assistant Ecologist), both of whom have achieved BSBI FISC Level 4. The survey broadly followed the Phase 1 habitat survey methodology as set out in Joint Nature Conservation Committee guidance (JNCC, 2010)8. All accessible land within and adjacent to the Site including land up to 50m from the Site boundary (the Survey Area) was surveyed according to CIEEM guidance9. Plant names recorded in this survey follow Stace (2010)10. This survey method records in particular: • the suitability of potential roosting sites for bats within trees and structures (identification of suitable cracks and crevices) - survey undertaken from ground only. The assessment of suitability of the trees and structures for roosting sites for bats were categorised based on good practice guidance11. • the potential of terrestrial and aquatic habitats to support great crested newts. Aquatic habitat was assessed for its suitability to support great crested newts using the Habitat Suitability Index assessment; • the presence of signs of badger activity including setts, tracks, snuffle holes and latrines; • the suitability of habitats for nesting birds (including any old nests); • the suitability of habitats for common species of reptile (adder, grass snake, slow worm and common lizard); • the suitability of watercourses for water vole, otter and white-clawed crayfish; • the suitability of habitats for hazel dormouse; • the suitability of habitats for notable invertebrates; and, • evidence of the presence of certain invasive plants listed on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and subject to strict legal control (Japanese knotweed, giant knotweed, hybrid knotweed, giant hogweed, rhododendron, Himalayan balsam and cotoneaster species).

• 7 Warwickshire County Council, Coventry to Nuneaton Upgrade – Bermuda Park Railway Station, Ecological Impact Assessment, October 2013. • 8 Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2010). Handbook for Phase 1 habitat survey - a technique for environmental audit. 9 Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management (2012). Guidelines for Preliminary Ecological Assessment. 10 Stace, C. E. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles, 3rd edition. Cambridge University Press. • 11 Collins, J. (ed.) (2016) Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines (3rd edition). The Bat Conservation Trust, London.

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Phase 2 Surveys The following Phase 2 surveys were undertaken in support of this assessment, following recommendations informed by the original extended Phase 1 habitat survey (2015).

Great Crested Newts All great crested newt surveys detailed below have been undertaken in accordance with good practice guidance12 and CIEEM competencies for undertaking great crested newt surveys13.

Habitat Suitability Index Assessment A Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) assessment was undertaken on 11 March 2015 in accordance with good practice guidance14. The survey was undertaken by Anna Rowlands BSc MRes MCIEEM, Ecologist. The HSI is quantitative measure of habitat quality for great crested newts. The HSI is a numerical index between 0 and 1, derived from an assessment of ten habitat variables known to influence the presence of newts such as geographic location, water body size and permanence, the presence of predatory fish and wildfowl, availability of suitable terrestrial habitat and proximity to other water bodies, and scores each factor based on its level of suitability. An HSI of 1 is optimal habitat (high probability of occurrence), while an HSI of 0 is very poor habitat (minimal probability of occurrence). The HSI is calculated on a single water body basis, but takes into account surrounding terrestrial habitat and local water body density. If a water body has a very low HSI score (<0.5) then there would typically be a minimal chance of great crested newt presence. Two water bodies were recorded within the survey area; a small elliptical drainage pond (TN3), 9 m x 3 m in size and its associated ditch and the Griff Canal Arm (TN10). Assessment of the two water bodies resulted in a poor suitability score (0.32) for the pond and a below average suitability score (0.51) for Griff Canal Arm.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) The eDNA15 water sampling was carried out on a single visit to three water bodies on 6 May 2015 in order to establish presence / likely absence of GCN within water bodies. The methodology requires that the sampling is carried out between mid-April and the end of June, to coincide with the main GCN breeding period (March to June inclusive). Sampling was undertaken by Anna Rowlands BSc MRes MCIEEM, Ecologist, who holds a Natural England GCN survey licence. The sampling was carried out following approved methods set out by Natural England16. Testing kits used for the sampling work were obtained from NatureMetrics, who also undertook the sample analysis work. The survey involved the collection of water samples from three water bodies: A drainage pond present within the site boundary (TN4), the Griff Canal Arm (TN10), and Bermuda Balancing Lake (a pond outside of the Site, but within the GCN amended EZoI of 250m). The sampling methodology followed an approved methodology17 recognised by Natural England that minimises cross-contamination. Field sampling equipment was supplied as sterile kits by NatureMetrics laboratory, who also carried out the DNA analysis. In total, 20 water samples were collected from each water body. Areas that may be used by great crested newts for displaying or egg-laying were selected for sampling

12 Great Crested Newt Mitigation Guidelines (English Nature, 2001) 13 CIEEM (April, 2013) Competencies for Species Survey: Great Crested Newt. 14 Evaluating the suitability of habitat for the Great Crested Newt (Triturus cristatus) Herpetological Journal 10 (4), 143-155 (2000). Oldham R.S., Keeble J., Swan M.J.S. & Jeffcote M. The great crested newt Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) is a quantitative measure of aquatic habitat quality for great crested newt. The HSI is a number between 0 and 1, derived from an assessment of ten habitat variables known to influence the presence of newts. 15 A new technique used to detect the presence of great crested newts in water bodies, researched by DEFRA and approved by Natural England. 16 Analytical and methodological development for improved surveillance of the Great Crested Newt. Appendix 5. Technical advice note for field and laboratory sampling of great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) environmental DNA. Biggs J, Edwald N, Valentini A, Gaboriaud C, Griffiths RA, Foster J, Wilkinson J, Arnett A, Williams P and Dunn F. Freshwater Habitats Trust, Oxford [document dated: 26 March 2014, Version Number 1.0] 17 Biggs, et al (2014) Technical Advice Note for Field and Laboratory Sampling of Great Crested Newt eDNA in Analytical and methodological development for improved surveillance of the Great Crested Newt. Defra Project WC1067. Appendix 5. Freshwater Habitats Trust, Oxford

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and the sampling was carried out in daylight hours, and in dry weather. Following completion of the sampling the collected water samples were stored under suitable conditions before being sent to the laboratory for testing.

Bats All bat surveys detailed below have been undertaken in accordance with good practice guidance18 and CIEEM competencies for undertaking bat surveys19.

Roost Suitability Assessment A bat roost suitability assessment of trees and structures was undertaken as part of the initial site walkover on 11 March 2015, by Anna Rowlands BSc MRes MCIEEM, Ecologist. The extent of the assessment was based on the predicted EZoI for this species group and included all trees and structures within the Site and up to a 50m buffer extending out in all directions from the Site boundary where access allowed (the Bats Survey Area). Visual examinations of trees and structures were undertaken from the ground, during daylight hours and were aided with the use of binoculars and a bright torch. For trees, the searches looked for features such as woodpecker holes and rot holes, cracked limbs, dense ivy and flaking bark. For structures, the inspections involved looking for suitable entry / exit points for bats or other potential roost locations (e.g. holes in brickwork, cracks and gaps in masonry etc.). The assignment of bat roost suitability was carried out according to good practice guidance, which assigns each feature either Negligible, Low, Moderate or High suitability for roosting bats.

Roost Surveys Bermuda Bridge itself was assessed as having low bat roost suitability during the initial (2015) site walkover. On 26 May 2016 Bermuda Bridge was subject to one dusk emergence survey out in suitable weather conditions, commencing 15 minutes before sunset and continuing until two hours after sunset. The survey was undertaken by Morgan Hughes BSc MSc MCIEEM (Ecologist), Natural England bat survey licence holder (Licence number WML-CL20-2015-17357) and James Hicks MBiolSci (Assistant Ecologist). Two ecologists took stationary positions from with a clear vantage point of each face of Bermuda Bridge, to watch for any emerging bats. They were aided by the use of EM3 (time expansion) and Batbox Duet (frequency division) bat detectors and headphones. The ecologists maintained visual contact with the structure throughout the survey.

Activity Surveys Bermuda Bridge was identified as having moderate suitability for use as a bat commuting site across the A444. A spring bat activity survey was carried out on the bridge on 26 May 2016 by Martin Green BSc ACIEEM, Ecologist (Natural England bat survey licence holder (Licence number WML-CL19-2016-22891-CLS-CLS) to identify levels of activity, key foraging and commuting areas and species present. Following the activity survey, the Bridge was reassessed as having negligible suitability as a commuting site due to higher than anticipated levels of disturbance from light and noise from traffic, lighting on the bridge itself, and ambient light from nearby commercial, residential and industrial properties. As such, no further surveys were required.

Survey Limitations Any ecological survey will be limited by factors that affect the presence of plants and animals such as the time of year, migration patterns, weather and behaviour. The extended Phase 1 habitat survey has not therefore produced a complete list of plants and animals and the absence of evidence of any particular species should not be taken as conclusive proof that the species is not present or that it will not be present in the future.

18 Collins, J. (ed.) (2016) Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines (3rd edition). The Bat Conservation Trust, London. 19 CIEEM (April, 2013) Competencies for Species Survey: Bats.

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The list of invasive non-native plant species included on Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) is extensive and these plants are found in a range of different habitats, including aquatic habitats. The ecology survey checked for the presence of Japanese knotweed, giant knotweed, hybrid knotweed, giant hogweed, Himalayan balsam, cotoneaster and rhododendron species. However, there may be other invasive plant species present within the survey area which were not recorded, but it is considered that this survey is sufficient to identify any significant constraints posed by invasive plants. A full assessment of Bermuda Bridge for bat roosting potential was not possible due to access restrictions for health and safety reasons for viewing the underside of the bridge. The structure assessment was restricted to the top side of the bridge, however it is considered that the emergence survey undertaken was sufficient to establish likely absence. The results of the ecological assessment are sufficient to undertake an evaluation of ecological features within the zone of influence, together with an assessment of the significance of any effects of the proposed development and the likely requirements for mitigation. Nature Conservation Evaluation Criteria The nature conservation value or potential value of an ecological feature is determined within the following geographic context following IEEM (2006): • International importance: for example, Special Areas of Conservation, Special Protection Areas, Ramsar sites; • National importance: for example, Sites of Special Scientific Interest; • Regional importance: for example, Environment Agency regional biodiversity indicators, important features in Natural England Natural Areas; • County importance: for example, County designated wildlife sites (LWS and Ecosites); • Local (parish) importance: for example, significant ecological features such as old hedges, woodlands, ponds; • Important within the Site and immediate environs: for example, habitat mosaic of grassland and scrub (i.e. within the zone of influence only); • Negligible importance: this is usually applied to areas such as built development or areas of intensive agricultural land. It should be noted that it is usual to consider habitats and species together when ascribing a value to a feature using this geographic context. However, there are circumstances where an ecologist may feel it necessary to assign a value to a particularly valuable species. In assigning value to species it is necessary to consider the species distribution and status including a consideration of trends based on available historical records and to make use of any relevant published evaluation criteria. For instance, the presence of a significant population of European protected species such as bats and great crested newts may be worth separate consideration.20 Assessment of Effects Criteria The assessment of the potential effects of the proposed development takes into account both on- site effects and those that may occur to adjacent and more distant ecological features following IEEM (2006). Effects can be beneficial (positive) or adverse (negative). Negative effects can include: • Direct loss of wildlife habitats; • Fragmentation and isolation of habitats; • Disturbance to species from noise, light or other visual stimuli; • Changes to key habitat features; and/or

20 Disturbance and Protected Species: Understanding and Applying the Law in England and Wales - A View from Natural England and the Countryside Council for Wales (24 August 2007)

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 99 of 126

• Changes to the local hydrology, water quality and/or air quality. Negative and positive effects on nature conservation features have been characterised based on predicted changes as a result of the proposed activities. In order to characterise the effects on each feature, the following parameters are taken account of: • The magnitude of the effect; • The spatial extent over which the effect would occur; • The temporal duration of the effect; • Whether the effect is reversible and over what timeframe; and • The timing and frequency of the effect. The assessment identifies those positive and negative effects which would be ‘significant’, based on the integrity and the conservation status of the ecological feature. Effects are unlikely to be significant where features of local value or sensitivity are subject to small scale or short-term effects. However, where there are a number of small scale effects that are not significant alone, it may be that, cumulatively, these may result in an overall significant effect. The integrity of ‘defined’ sites is described as follows and has been used in this assessment to determine whether the effects of the proposals on a designated site are likely to be significant: The integrity of a site is the coherence of the ecological structure and function across its whole area that enables it to sustain the habitat, complex of habitats and/or the levels of populations of the species for which it was classified21. The conservation status of habitats and species within a defined geographical area is described as follows and has been used in this assessment to determine whether the effects of the proposals on non-designated habitats and species are likely to be significant: For habitats, conservation status is determined by the sum of influences acting on the habitat and its typical species, that may affect its long-term distribution, structure and functions as well as the long-term survival of its typical species within a given geographical area; For species, conservation status is determined by the sum of influences acting on the species concerned that may affect the long-term distribution and abundance of its population within a given geographical area. The mitigation measures described are to be agreed with Warwickshire County Council following their review of this report, incorporated into the design and programme and taken into account in the assessment of effects. These measures include those required to achieve the minimum standard of established practice plus additional measures to further reduce any adverse effects of the Scheme. In addition measures to enhance biodiversity where possible within the context of the Scheme are identified. In addition to determining the significance of an effect on any ecological features, this EcIA also identifies any legal requirements in relation to wildlife.

21 Guidelines for Ecological Impact Assessment in the United Kingdom, IEEM, 26 June 2006

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 100 of 126

Appendix D.2. Phase 1 Habitat Plan

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 101 of 126

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This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. CLIENT NAME: Warwickshire County Council . . LICENCE NUMBER: 100019520 (2015) Sheet Size Client Project Title Drawing Number Designed / Checked Authorised Drawn XX XX WARWICKSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL (WCC) Original Scale A3 TW BERMUDA CONNECTIVITY PHASE ONE HABITAT MAPPING Appendix M, Figure 4a AS PART OF THE 1:2,250 Rev WEST MIDLANDS HIGHWAYS ALLIANCE 04 Date 26/07/18 Date 26/07/18 Date 26/07/18

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BERMUDA CONNECTIVITY PHASE ONE HABITAT MAPPING Appendix M, Figure 4b

AS PART OF THE 1:2,250 Rev

| |

WEST MIDLANDS HIGHWAYS ALLIANCE |

Date 26/07| /18 Date 26/07/18 Date 26/07/18 |

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This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. CLIENT NAME: Warwickshire County Council . . LICENCE NUMBER: 100019520 (2015) Sheet Size Client Project Title Drawing Number Designed / Checked Authorised Drawn XX XX WARWICKSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL (WCC) Original Scale A3 TW BERMUDA CONNECTIVITY PHASE ONE HABITAT MAPPING Appendix M, Figure 4c AS PART OF THE 1:2,250 Rev WEST MIDLANDS HIGHWAYS ALLIANCE 04 Date 26/07/18 Date 26/07/18 Date 26/07/18

Path: P:\GBBSB\Telecoms\Geospatial\BermudaConnectivity\WIP\BCP_ECO_CON_GEO001_04.mxd

Appendix D.3. Target Notes and Photographs

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 105 of 126

Target Note Photographs Descriptions Target Note 1 – Stand of Japanese Knotweed on Bermuda Road

Target Note 2 – Cotoneaster and Japanese Rose

Target Note 3 – Drainage pond and associated ditch adjacent to amenity grassland

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Target Note Photographs Descriptions Target Note 4 – Cotoneaster

Target Note 5 – Ornamental hedge including Japanese Rose, Bamboo, Winter heliotrope

Target Note 6 (Photo a) – Reptile area - south- facing slope with dense scrub providing suitable reptile habitat.

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Target Note Photographs Descriptions Target Note 6 (photo b) – Reptile area –

Target Note 7 – Stand of Japanese Knotweed on east side of Bermuda Bridge

Target Note 8 – Earth Bund on eastern end of Bermuda Bridge

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Target Note Photographs Descriptions

Target Note 9 – Hardstanding / Disused car park area – Full access to this area was not possible on the day of the visit, and as such some species of note may have gone unrecorded (i.e. cotoneaster)

Target Note 10 – Griff Canal Arm

Target Note 11– Bridge

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 109 of 126

Appendix D.4. Species List

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 110 of 126

Common Name Scientific Name Amenity Grassland a Bedstraw Galium sp. a Fescue Festuca sp. a Maple Acer sp. an Oak Quercus sp. Annual Meadow Grass Poa annua Barren Brome Bromus sterilis Bee Orchid Ophrys apifera Bird's Foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus Black Medic Medicago lupulina Bulbous Buttercup Ranunculus bulbosus Cat's Ear Hypochaeris radicata Cock's Foot Grass Dactylis glomerata Common Couch Grass Elymus repens Common Mouse Ear Cerastium fontanum Common Nettle Urtica dioica Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa Common Vetch Vicia sativa Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens Creeping Cinquefoil Potentilla reptans Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense Crested Dog's Tail Cynosurus cristatus Cut-Leaved Cranesbill Geranium dissectum Daisy Bellis perennis Danish Scurvy Grass Cochlearia danica Dog Rose Rosa canina Dogwood Cornus sanguinea Field Forget-me-not Myosotis arvensis Greater Plantain Plantago major Groundsel Senecio vulgaris Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum Horseradish Armoracia rusticana Ivy Hedera helix Japanese Rose Rosa rugosa Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare Lesser Stitchwort Stellaria graminea Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Perennial Rye Grass Lolium perene

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 111 of 126

Common Name Scientific Name Purple Toadflax Linaria purpurea Red Clover Trifolium pratense Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis Selfheal Prunella vulgaris Smooth Hawksbeard Crepis capillaris Smooth Meadow Grass Poa pratensis Smooth Sow Thistle Sonchus oleraceus Soft Brome Bromus hordeaceus Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Teasel Dipsacus fullonum Timothy Phleum pratense Tufted Vetch Vicia cracca White Bryony Bryonia alba White Clover Trifolium pratense Wild Carrot Daucus carota Yarrow Achillea millefolium Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus Zig Zag Clover Trifolium medium Dense Scrub Bittersweet Solanum dulcamara Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Cherry Prunus sp. Cleavers Galium aparine Common Nettle Urtica dioica Cotoneaster Cotoneaster sp. False Oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius Field Horsetail Equisetum arvense Germander Speedwell Veronica chamaedrys Goat Willow Salix caprea Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Herb Robert Geranium robertianum Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Mullein Verbascum thapsus Oak Quercus sp. Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris Silver Birch Betula pendula Wild Carrot Daucus carota

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Common Name Scientific Name Hairy Tare Vicia hirsute Disturbed Ground a Rush Juncus sp. a Willow Salix sp. Common Mouse Ear Cerastium fontanum Common Nettle Urtica dioica Common Vetch Vicia sativa Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris Curled Dock Rumex crispus Cut-Leaved Cranesbill Geranium dissectum Dandelion Taraxacum officinale agg. Dog Rose Rosa canina Dogwood Cornus sanguinea False Oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius Field Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Field Forget Me Not Myosotis arvensis Field Maple Acer campestre Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata Goat Willow Salix caprea Goat's Beard Tragopon pratensis Hairy Tare Vicia hirsuta Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hazel Corylus avellana Hedge Bindweed Calystegia sepium Hedge Woundwort Stachys sylvatica Herb Robert Geranium robertianum Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare Lesser Trefoil Trifolium dubium Lupin Lupinus sp. Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Mullein Verbascum thapsus Prickly Sow Thistle Sonchus asper Ragwort Senecio jacobaea Red Clover Trifolium pratense Rosebay Willowherb Chamerion angustifolium Rowan Sorbus aucuparia Rush sp. Juncus sp. Smooth Hawksbeard Crepis capillaris Smooth Meadow Grass Poa pratensis

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Common Name Scientific Name Smooth Sow Thistle Sonchus oleraceus Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Teasel Dipsacus fullonum Timothy Phleum pratense Tufted Hair Grass Deschampsia cespitosa Weld Reseda luteola Wood Avens Geum urbanum Yarrow Achillea millefolium Semi-improved Grassland a Brassica Brassica sp. a Fescue Festuca sp. a Hawkbit Leontodon sp. a Rush Juncus sp. Annual Meadow Grass Poa annua Ash Fraxinus excelsior Barren Brome Bromus sterilis Black Medic Medicago lupulina Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Broad Leaved Dock Rumex obtusifolius Broom Cytisus sp. Cleavers Galium aparine Cock's Foot Grass Dactylis glomerata Colt's Foot Tussilago farfara Comfrey Symphytum officinale Common Broomrape Orobanche minor Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra Common Mallow Malva sylvestris Common Mouse Ear Cerastium fontanum Common Nettle Urtica dioica Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa Common Spotted Orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Vetch Vicia sativa Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens Creeping Cinquefoil Potentilla reptans Creeping Speedwell Veronica filiformis Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense Crested Dog's Tail Cynosurus cristatus Curled Dock Rumex crispus Cut Leaved Cranesbill Geranium dissectum Dog Rose Rosa canina Common Name Scientific Name

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Elder Sambuca nigra False Fox Sedge Carex otrubae Common Name Scientific Name False Oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius Field Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Field Forget Me Not Myosotis arvensis Field Poppy Papaver rhoeas Field Rose Rosa arvensis Geranium Geranium sp. Goat's Beard Tragopon pratensis Green Alkanet Pentaglottis sempervirens Hairy Tare Vicia hirsuta Hard Rush Juncus inflexus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare Lesser Stitchwort Stellaria graminea Meadow Fescue Festuca pratensis Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Mullein Verbascum thapsus Nipplewort Lapsana communis Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur Perennial Rye Grass Lolium perenne Perennial Sow Thistle Sonchus arvensis Perforate St John's Wort Hypericum perforatum Purple Toadflax Linaria purpurea Ragwort Senecio jacobaea Red Campion Silene dioica Red Clover Trifolium pratense Red Fescue Festuca rubra Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata Rough Meadow Grass Poa trivialis Self-heal Prunella vulgaris Smooth Meadow Grass Poa pratensis Smooth Sow thistle Sonchus oleraceus Soft Brome Bromus hordeaceus Soft Rush Juncus effusus Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare Sweet Vernal Grass Anthoxanthum odoratum Common Name Scientific Name Tall Fescue Festuca arundinacea

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Teasel Dipsacus fullonum Timothy Phleum pratense Tufted Hair Grass Deschampsia cespitosa White Clover Trifolium repens White Deadnettle Lamium album Wild Carrot Daucus carota Yarrow Achillea millefolium Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus Species Poor Hedgerow Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Dogwood Cornus sanguinea Field Maple Acer campestre Goat Willow Salix caprea Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Hazel Corylus avellana Hornbeam Carpinus betulus Tall Ruderal a Brassica Brassica sp. Ash Fraxinus excelsior Bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. Broad Leaved Dock Rumex obtusifolius Burdock Arctium minus Cleavers Galium aparine Cock's Foot Grass Dactylis glomerata Common Mouse Ear Cerastium fontanum Common Nettle Urtica dioica Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris Dog Rose Rosa canina Elder Sambucus nigra False Oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius Field Forget Me Not Myosotis arvensis Field Maple Acer campestre Foxglove Digitalis purpurea Gorse Ulex europaeus Greater Burnet Sanguisorba officinalis Herb Robert Geranium robertianum Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris Oxyeye Daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Prickly Lettuce Lactuca serriola Red Campion Silene dioica Common Name Scientific Name Rough Meadow Grass Poa trivialis Silver Birch Betula pendula

Contains sensitive information Atkins | EAR Appendices |Version 1.0 | 30 July 2018 Page 116 of 126

Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare Tansy Tanacetum vulgare Viper's Bugloss Echium vulgare Wormwood Artemisia absinthium Water a Water Starwort Callitriche sp. Branched Bur-Reed Sparganium erectum Common Duckweed Lemna minor Common Knapweed Centaurea nigra Common Mallow Malva sylvestris Common Water Plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica Goat's Beard Tragopon pratensis Greater Reedmace Typha latifolia Water Dock Rumex hydrolapathum Wood Avens Geum urbanum

Invertebrate Group Common Name Scientific Name Beetles 22-spot Ladybird Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (Coleoptera) Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis Thick-Legged Flower Beetle Oedemera nobilis a Sweat Bee Lasioglossum sp. Buffish Mining Bee Andrena nigroaenea

Buff-Tailed Bumblebee Bombus terrestris Chocolate Mining Bee Andrena carantonica Common Carder Bee Bombus pascuorum Bees, Wasps and Ants Common Wasp Vespula vulgaris (Aculeate Hymenoptera) Early Bumblebee Bombus pratorum Garden Bumblebee Bombus hortorum Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Red-Tailed Bumblebee Bombus lapidarius Tree Bumblebee Bombus hypnorm Yellow Meadow Ant Lasius flavus Burnet Companion Euclidia glyphica Cinnabar Moth Tyria jacobaeae Common Blue Polyommatus icarus Butterflies & Moths Large Skipper Ochlodes sylvanus (Lepidoptera) Large White Pieris brassicae Latticed Heath Chiasmia clathrata Yellow Shell Camptogramma bilineata Dragonflies (Odonata) Blue Tailed Damselfly Ischnura elegans

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Appendix D.5. Summary of Relevant Legislation

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Species Legislation Offences Licensing procedures Bats Conservation of Deliberately1 capture, injure or kill a bat; A Natural England (NE) licence in respect of development is required in 2 European Habitats and deliberate disturbance of bats; or England. protected Species Regulations damage or destroy a breeding site or European Protected Species: Mitigation Licensing- How to get a licence (NE species 2010 (as amended) resting place used by a bat. 2010) Reg 41 [The protection of bat roosts is Bat Mitigation Guidelines (English Nature 2004) considered to apply regardless of Bat Workers Manual (JNCC 2004) whether bats are present.] Wildlife and Intentionally or recklessly obstruct Licence from NE or NRW is required for surveys (scientific purposes) that would Countryside Act access to any structure or place used for involve disturbance of bats or entering a known or suspected roost site. 1981 (as amended) shelter or protection or disturb3 a bat in S.9 such a place. Birds Wildlife and Intentionally kill, injure or take any wild No licences are available to disturb any birds in regard to development. Countryside Act bird; intentionally take, damage or 1981 (as amended) destroy the nest of any wild bird while Licences are available in certain circumstances to damage or destroy nests, but S.1 that nest is in use or being built; these only apply to the list of licensable activities in the Act and do not cover intentionally take or destroy the nest or development. eggs of any wild bird.

[Special penalties are liable for these General licences are available in respect of ‘pest species’ but only for certain offences involving birds on Schedule 1 very specific purposes e.g. public health, public safety, air safety. (e.g. most birds of prey, kingfisher, barn owl, black redstart, little ringed plover).] Intentionally or recklessly disturb a Schedule 1 species while it is building a nest or is in, on or near a nest containing eggs or young; intentionally or recklessly disturb dependent young of such a species. Adder Wildlife and Intentionally kill or injure any common No licence is required in England. Common Countryside Act reptile species. lizard

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Species Legislation Offences Licensing procedures Grass snake 1981 S.9(1) and However an assessment for the potential of a site to support reptiles should be Slow worm S.9(5) undertaken prior to any development works which have potential to affect these animals. White-clawed Wildlife and Intentionally take from the wild. Licences issued for survey by Natural England. crayfish Countryside Act No licences in respect of development are available. 1981 S.9(1) only Trapping and removal of crayfish for maintenance or development activities in a watercourse requires a conservation licence from Natural England and a permit from the Environment Agency. Plants Wildlife and It is illegal to plant or otherwise cause to Any contaminated soil or plant material is classified as controlled waste and Invasive Countryside Act grow in the wild these species. should be disposed of in a suitably licensed landfill site, accompanied by species e.g. 1981 S.14 appropriate Waste Transfer documentation, and must comply with section 34 of Japanese the Environmental Protection Act 1990. knotweed, The Knotweed Code of Practice (Environment Agency 2013 version 3) hybrid Managing Invasive Non-native Plants (Environment Agency 2010) knotweed, Guidance on Section 14 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981 (Defra 2010) giant knotweed, giant hogweed, rhododendron, Himalayan balsam

1Deliberate capture or killing is taken to include “accepting the possibility” of such capture or killing 2Deliberate disturbance of animals includes in particular any disturbance which is likely a) to impair their ability (i) to survive, to breed or reproduce, or to rear or nurture their young, or (ii) in the case of animals of hibernating or migratory species, to hibernate or migrate; or b) to affect significantly the local distribution or abundance of the species to which they belong. 3Lower levels of disturbance not covered by the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010 remain an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 although a defence is available where such actions are the incidental result of a lawful activity that could not reasonably be avoided.

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Site Designation Legislation Protection Guidance Special Area of Conservation of Habitats and Planning controls are Formal Appropriate Assessment is required before undertaking, or giving Conservation Species Regulations 2010 (as effected through Part 2 of the consent, permission or other authorisation for a plan or project which is (SAC) amended) Conservation of Habitats and likely to have a significant effect on such a site. Special Protection EC Directive on the Species regulations 2010 Area (SPA) conservation of natural habitats (Reg 21) and Part 6 (Regs England: The National Planning Policy Framework (Department for Wetland of and of wild fauna and flora 61- 67). Communities and Local Government, March 2012), with particular International (92/42/EEC). The legislation for the Site of reference to Policy 11. The Government Circular: Biodiversity and Importance EC Directive on the Special Scientific Interest Geological Conservation - Statutory Obligations and their Impact within the (Ramsar site) conservation of wild birds which will underpin each Planning System (ODPM Circular 6/2005 & Defra Circular 01/2005) (the (79/409/EEC). designation also applies. joint Circular). Convention on Wetlands of These sites are given International Importance protection through policies in especially as Waterfowl Habitat the Local Development Plan. 1971 (the Ramsar Convention). Site of Special Wildlife and Countryside Act It is an offence to carry out or Owners, occupiers, public bodies and statutory undertakers must give Scientific Interest 1981 (as amended) permit to be carried out any notice and obtain the appropriate consent under S.28 before undertaking (SSSI) potentially damaging operations likely to damage a SSSI. operation. S.28G places a duty on all public bodies to further the conservation and SSSIs are given protection enhancement of SSSIs. through policies in the Local England: The National Planning Policy Framework (Department for Development Plan. Communities and Local Government, March 2012), with particular reference to Policy 11, and the joint Circular. Local Nature National Parks and Access to LNRs are given protection LNRs are generally owned and managed by local authorities. Reserve (LNR) the Countryside Act 1949 S.21 through policies in the Local Development proposals that would potentially affect a LNR would need to Development Plan. provide a detailed justification for the work, an assessment of likely effects, together with proposals for mitigation and restoration of habitats lost or damaged. England: The National Planning Policy Framework (Department for Communities and Local Government, March 2012), with particular reference to Policy 11, and the joint Circular.

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Site Designation Legislation Protection Guidance Local Sites (e.g. There is no statutory designation Local sites are given Development proposals that would potentially affect a local site would need Local Wildlife Sites) for local sites. protection through policies in to provide a detailed justification for the work, an assessment of likely the Local Development Plan. effects, together with proposals for mitigation and restoration of habitats lost or damaged. England: The National Planning Policy Framework (Department for Communities and Local Government, March 2012), with particular reference to

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Habitats & Species Legislation Guidance (England & Wales) Species and Natural Environment & Rural Habitats and species of principal importance for the conservation of biodiversity are Habitats of Communities Act 2006 S.40 identified by the Secretaries of State for England and Wales, in consultation with Natural Principal S40 of the NERC Act 2006 sets out the England and Natural Resources Wales, are referred to in S.41 of the NERC Act for England Importance for the duty for public authorities to conserve and S.42 for Wales. The list of habitats and species was updated in 2008: Conservation of biodiversity in England and Wales. England: http://www.ukbap-reporting.org.uk/news/details.asp?x=45 Biodiversity Wales: http://www.biodiversitywales.org.uk/wales_biodiversity_partnership_documents- 134.aspx The habitats and species listed are not necessarily of higher biodiversity value, but they may be in decline. Habitat Action Plans and Species Action Plans are written for them or are in preparation, to guide their conservation. Ecological impact assessments should include an assessment of the likely effects to these habitats and species. Biodiversity Action No specific legislation, unless it is also The Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) is the UK's initiative to maintain and enhance biodiversity Plan (BAP) a species or habitat of principal in response to the Convention on Biological Diversity signed in 1992. Habitats & Species importance as described above. The original BAP list of species and habitats, prepared over 10 years ago, was used to form the new list of species and habitats of principal importance. However some of the species have been taken off the new list and additional species and habitats have been included.

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Appendix D.6. Bird and Bat Box Specifications

Bird Boxes The nest box designs are based on recommendations within the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) nest box guide1 and comprise:

Type 1: Approximate size: 26 cm height x Type 3: Small open fronted entrance. 16 cm width x 17 cm depth; hole diameter Suitable for species including robin, song 2.8cm. Type 2: Approximate size: 30 cm thrush, wren, blackbirds and wagtails. height x 13 cm width x 15 cm depth; hole Approximate size: 30 cm height x 13 cm diameter 3.2cm. width x 15 cm depth.

Positioning Bird Boxes Nest boxes need to be sited in a south-east facing orientation to allow for warming from sunlight, but to avoid overheating. Boxes need to be positioned between 3 m and 5 m from ground level away from human reach and to deter predators. The nest box opening will additionally require positioning to allow for easy flight access for birds to the nest box. The positioning of each bird box should be supervised by a suitably experienced ecologist. This will help ensure that the optimum positioning is gained to maximise the potential for bird use.

1 http://www.bto.org/sites/default/files/u15/downloads/publications/guides/nestbox.pdf

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Bat Boxes The bat boxes recommended below are suitable for species recorded in the Bermuda area:

Schwegler Batbox 1FF. Narrow crevice-like internal space to attract pipistrelle and noctule bats. Woodcrete (75% wood sawdust, concrete and clay mixture) Width: 27 cm, Height:43 cm, Weight: 8.3 kg

Positioning Bat Boxes The bat boxes need to be positioned between 4 m to 6 m from ground level in either a south- west or south-east facing orientation (ideally two boxes on one tree, one facing south-east and one facing south-west) to allow for maximum warming from sunlight. They will need to be positioned on either the main trunk of a tree or other vertical main branch, away from human reach. The boxes should additionally be positioned so that the bats approach to the box is clear of obstacles such as tree branches. The positioning of each bat box will need to be supervised by a suitably experienced ecologist. This will help ensure that the optimum positioning is gained to maximise the potential for bat use.

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Atkins Limited Chadwick House Birchwood Park Warrington WA3 6AE

Tel: +44 (0)1925 238000 Fax: +44 (0)1925 238500 [email protected]

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