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4 23 PKOCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , MARC , 19089 H . II. NOTES ON AN ARMORIAL STONE AT CARRIOK HOUSE, EDAY, ORKNEY. BY WALTER L. BELL. In the Orkney Islands stones carved with armorial bearings occur in fair numbers. These are found on tombs, as in St Magnus' Cathedral, and in many of the old houses now or formerly belonging to families of note. Whe t insidno n e building r otherwiso s e protected froe mth assaults of a stormy, wet climate, many of these armorial stones are now much weathere interestee on e d subjecdefaced th o an dt n t i d i t an , becomes almost a duty to record their stories and the information that is available about them. Carrick House, Eday, standshoree Cale th th fn f so sSoundo , opposite smale th l island know e opee Cal th f th Eday n o fo s lookt d na t an , sou sea between the Red Heads of Eday. It is a picturesque, irregular mas f o buildingss , with crow-stepped gable f earlo s y seventeenth- century type. Since 1854 the island has belonged to the Hebden family, but it has passed through several hands durin e lasth gt three centuriese th n I . Register of the Great Seal of -Scotland there is an entry of a grant of land Edan si Williay yb m Sinclai "Ethee d r y Joho "t n Dalgleischn ei 1617; another in 1623 from Gul. Sinclair to Henry Aitken; a third to John Flemyng in 1627. On 14th January 1632, in the seventh year of James VI.islane th , f "do Athe y " together witHolmese d Calth han f , were conveye Johno dt , "Come Carricke sd , dom. Kinclavin." Laten o r e landth s appea havo t r e passed int e Buchanaoth n family d nexan o ,t t f Cle'straio famile a th Fe f nyo (Jame marriea sFe dMargarea t Buchanan), and from them to the Laings—Robert, Malcolm, and Samuel Laing being successively owners. By deed in 1818, Malcolm Laing disposed of "all & whole the Burgh of Barony called the Burgh of Carrick, which were erected into one Burg f Baronho chartea y yb r unde e Greath r t Sea f Scotlano l favoun di r ARMORIAL STONE AT CARRICK HOUSE, EDAY, ORKNEY. 235 of the deceased John Earl of Carrick of date the 14th day of Janry. in the year 1632," with "houses, higgins, yards, crofts, tofts, townmaills, quoys, quoylands, outbreaks, outsetts, annexis, connexis, parts, pendicles and pertinents whatsoever." The Baikies of Tankerness also appear to have owned property in Eday. In 1854 the island was acquired by Robert James Hebden, and s grandsonownew hi ino sy b d , Harry Hebden e ,Roya th Esq. f o l, Fusiliers (City of London Regiment). The house itself is of interest from its association with the notorious pirate John Gow or Smith. Local tradition has it that he was appre- hended in the dining-room of the mansion ; but according to the interest- ing account of his life and trial written by Daniel Defoe in 1725, and recently reprinted fro e onlmth y known e Britiscopyth n i ,h Museum, s capturhi effectes e Calth ewa f n Islando d , opposit housee eth , owino gt e couragth "pawkinessd ean Jamer M f "o s Fea, younge Clestrainf o r t a , that tim ownee propertye eth th f ro . Go bees wha n idealise r WalteSi y b dre Pirate ScotTh n i t inte th o gallant Clevelan t dfroe contemporarbu ; mth y accoun t wouli t d seem that, thoug t destituthno bloodthirsta f s abilityo e wa e h , y ruffian—"A Superlative CapitaA , l Rogue," Defoe styles him—who richly deserved the fate which, along with seven of his companions, he underwent on Hth June 1725. The ship's bell of his vessel, The Revenge, with the pious motto , o Sol"De i Gloria 1640, s i stil" l preservey b d Mr Hebden. The stone which i's the subject of these notes (fig. 1) is let into a e courtyar recese walth th f housee o ln th si f do , abov archen ea d doorway openinpat a seashoree r o walth t ho stone y n largkgb a o Th s ei . e one, nearl feey3 t squaresadls i d y an ,weathered thao s , tdetaile somth f o es of the armorial shield which it bears are indistinct and defective, but the main features can be readily deciphered. The quartering is as follows :— Per pale—Dexter, a lion rampant within a double tressure flory counter-nory. Sinister, quarterl y: d fourthfirsan t a lio, n rampant; 236 PEOCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , MAKC , 19089 H . second stago tw ,s lodge paln di e ; third, three birds. These last have very evident legs t theibu , r specie s difficulsi determineo t t . Abov e dexted abovth e an e sinistee letter , th rth e B hale A sar rf hallettere . th fB Below sM , toward left-hane sth dremaine th side e ar , s Fig. 1. Armorial Slab at Carrick House, Eday, Orkney. of a date, of which only two figures, 66, remain. On the keystone of the arch, whic quits hi e distinct fro stone mth e slab bearin e armse gth th s i , date 1633. In Orkney Armorials, by Mr H. L. Norton Smith (1902), this shield is mentioned and briefly described. The writer states that the stone " bear royae sth l arm f Scotlanso d impalin achievementn ga ; quarterly, ARMORIAL STON T CAERICA E K HOUSE, EDAY, ORKNEY7 23 . firsfourthd an t lioa , n rampant; second stago tw , s; third , three birds, which are probably pelicans." Thi s i hardls y adequate e stonth n 1900i eI w d firssa .an ,t after some investigation am now able to furnish a more full and correct reading. Carrick House is stated by MacGibbon and Boss (Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, 1892, vol. v.) to have been built in 1633 by the first and only Lord Kinclaven. He was John Stewart, the second son of Robert Stewart, who was created Earl of Orkney, 28th October 1581. This Earl Robert, formerly Abbot of Holyrood, was a natural son of King James V. by Euphemia, daughter of Alexander, Lord Elphinstone. He married Lady Jane Kennedy, eldest daughter of Gilbert, third Ear f o Cassilisl d hadan , , besides four daughters, three sons:— . Patrick1 successos hi , Earldome th n i r , beheaded 1614. 2. John, Earl of Carrick, d.s.p. James3 e lefH t. issue Captain Robert Stewar f Edayo o t wh , married Lady Jane Gordon, daughter of the Earl of Sutherland. Their son, also Captain Robert Stewar f Edayo t , married Isabella Graem f Graemeshalleo . John Stewart e f seconEaro th , n l so dRobert s createwa , a dpee f o r Scotland 10th August 1607, by the title of Lord Kinclevin (also written Kinclaven) mads wa ed Earan , f Carrico l n Orkneki 1630n i y . There was considerable discussio Prive th y nb Counci thio t s a llatte r patent, pointes wa t tha a t se i titld ou th tf Ear o e f Carrico l e s borni kth y b e reignine th f o n g so Sovereign. Thiswels i s la , known, dates froe mth time of Robert the Bruce. Lord Kinclaven explained that he desired to derive the title of Earl of Carrick, not from Carrick in Ayrshire, but from Carrick, a place on his property in Eday, and the patent was finally granted in 1630. The name Carrick is an imported one, being derived from the Gaelic c.araig, a crag, and contrasts with the Orcadian place- names generally, which almost without exception are of Norse origin. 238 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MARCH 9, 1908. In old charters relating to the property, the house is called the Mansion- house of Calf Sound, long after Lord Kinclaven's time, and the new name does not appear to occur before the property was erected into the "Burgh of Carrick," by charter, 14th January 1632. What were Lord Kinclaven's reason r wishinfo s o adopt g e styl th f tCarric o s ei e on k unable at this date to say. He married at Chelsea, on 26th October 1604, Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughte f Charleso r , Ear f Nottinghamo l r Rober d Si relic an f , o t Southwel f Woodrisingo l n Hertfordshirei , d die an n 165i d, 2 without male issue. As to the explanation of the arms above the Carrick archway, it might be supposed that they represent those of Lord Kinclaven and s wifehi . Eobert Stewart, first Ear f Orkneyo l , bore—firs fourtd an t h quartered the royal arms of Scotland bruised with a baton sinister. In the case of his son Patrick, second Earl of Orkney, Lord Kinclaven's brother e batoth , n sinister becam a ribboe n sable turnee rightth o t d. e arm Th f Loro s d Kinclaven s givea , e n LyoMSSi nth n i . Office, Edinburgh, kindl r JameSi y y showsb e Balfoum n r Paul, Lyon King, were :—" Two coats quarterly—first and last, Scotland differentiated with a ribbon engrailed sable. Second and third, a ship with raes (oars) in cross within a double tressure or." n anotheI . the e giveyMS rar s abovea n , excepting that o thern s i e mention of the ribbon, and with the addition " all within a bordure gobonated argent and azure." As far as can be seen, the Carrick stone shows nothing of a ribbo r bordureo n .