Geography Class VI

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

HISTORY CLASS - X Chapter : Reforms : Characteristics and Observation 1. What was Anglicist-Orientalish conflict? Ans.: Charter Act of 1813 was passed by English East India Company. This act ensured the spending of rupees of one lakh on education - but on which education - Indian or Western. A tug of war ensured between the western and Indian education. The supporters of Indian education were called Orintalist. H.T. Princep became the leader of the group. The supporters of western education were called Anglicist. Thomas Macaulay, Alexander Duff were the supporter of western education. The conflict was called “Anglicist-Orientalist” conflict. 2. Write a short note about ‘Lalon Fakir’. Ans.: A multi-talented Bengali who was known by various names like Lalon Fakir, Laon Sain, Mahatma Lalon etc was one of the forerunners of the multi-religious harmony initiative that emerged in nineteenth century Bengal. He was a prominent Bengali philosopher, author, baul saint, mystic, song writer, social reformer and thinker in British India. Lalon was against religious conflict and did not believe in classes or castes, the fragmented hierarchical society and took a stand against racism. He even rejected nationalism at the apex of the anti-colonial nationalist movements in the Indian sub-continent. In 1774 Lalon Fakir was born, now in Bangladesh. “Shob Loke Koy Lalon Ki Jat Shangshare” (Everyone asks, “What religion does Lalon belong to in this world?” “Milon hobe koto dine, amar moner manuseri shone” (“When there shall be meeting? With the person of my liking”) Lalon wrote these songs, he believed in the power of music to alter the intellectual and emotional state in order to be able to understand and appreciate life itself. Lalon composed numerous songs which describe his philosophy. Rabindra Nath Tagore was influenced by Lalon’s songs and philosophy. Lalon Fakir died in 1890 at the age of 116, no Hindu or Muslim religious rites were observed after his death..

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Body, Subjectivity, and Sociality
THE BODY, SUBJECTIVITY, AND SOCIALITY: Fakir Lalon Shah and His Followers in Contemporary Bangladesh by Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder B.S.S in Sociology, University of Dhaka, 2002 M.A. in Sociology, University of Pittsburgh, 2011 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2017 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences This dissertation was presented by Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder It was defended on April 26, 2017 and approved by Lisa D Brush, PhD, Professor, Sociology Joseph S Alter, PhD, Professor, Anthropology Waverly Duck, PhD, Associate Professor, Sociology Mark W D Paterson, PhD, Assistant Professor, Sociology Dissertation Advisor: Mohammed A Bamyeh, PhD, Professor, Sociology ii Copyright © by Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder 2017 iii THE BODY, SUBJECTIVITY, AND SOCIALITY: FAKIR LALON SHAH AND HIS FOLLOWERS IN CONTEMPORARY BANGLADESH Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2017 I introduce the unorthodox conceptualization of the body maintained by the followers of Fakir Lalon Shah (1774-1890) in contemporary Bangladesh. This study is an exploratory attempt to put the wisdom of the Fakirs in conversation with established social theorists of the body, arguing that the Aristotelian conceptualization of habitus is more useful than Bourdieu’s in explaining the power of bodily practices of the initiates. My ethnographic research with the prominent Fakirs—participant observation, in-depth interview, and textual analysis of Lalon’s songs—shows how the body can be educated not only to defy, resist, or transgress dominant socio-political norms, but also to cultivate an alternative subjectivity and sociality.
[Show full text]
KRAKAUER-DISSERTATION-2014.Pdf (10.23Mb)
Copyright by Benjamin Samuel Krakauer 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Benjamin Samuel Krakauer Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Negotiations of Modernity, Spirituality, and Bengali Identity in Contemporary Bāul-Fakir Music Committee: Stephen Slawek, Supervisor Charles Capwell Kaushik Ghosh Kathryn Hansen Robin Moore Sonia Seeman Negotiations of Modernity, Spirituality, and Bengali Identity in Contemporary Bāul-Fakir Music by Benjamin Samuel Krakauer, B.A.Music; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2014 Dedication This work is dedicated to all of the Bāul-Fakir musicians who were so kind, hospitable, and encouraging to me during my time in West Bengal. Without their friendship and generosity this work would not have been possible. জয় 巁쇁! Acknowledgements I am grateful to many friends, family members, and colleagues for their support, encouragement, and valuable input. Thanks to my parents, Henry and Sarah Krakauer for proofreading my chapter drafts, and for encouraging me to pursue my academic and artistic interests; to Laura Ogburn for her help and suggestions on innumerable proposals, abstracts, and drafts, and for cheering me up during difficult times; to Mark and Ilana Krakauer for being such supportive siblings; to Stephen Slawek for his valuable input and advice throughout my time at UT; to Kathryn Hansen
[Show full text]
Searching for the Greatest Bengali: the BBC and Shifting Identity
National Identities Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2008, 149Á165 Searching for the greatest Bengali: The BBC and shifting identity categories in South Asia Reece Jones* University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA Drawing on debates generated by the BBC Bengali Language Service’s naming of the greatest Bengali of all time, this article investigates the shifting boundaries between group identity categories in our ‘globalising’ world. First, the con- troversy over the meaning of the term ‘Bengali’, which emerged in contemporary Bangladesh and India in response to the BBC’s list, is investigated. Then writings and speeches of several of the individuals who were honoured as the greatest Bengalis are analysed in order to draw out the multiple ways they approached their own Bengali identities. In the conclusion, it is argued that rather than imagining the end of place-based identity categories through the process of globalisation, it is more useful to conceptualise shifting categories that continue Downloaded By: [Jones, Reece] At: 15:14 29 April 2008 to incorporate a place-based aspect, but in hybrid and contradictory ways. Keywords: categories; ethnicity; nations; globalisation; South Asia In Spring 2004, following the British Broadcasting Company’s naming of Winston Churchill as the greatest Briton of all time, the BBC Bengali Language Service conducted a survey of its twelve million listeners to determine the greatest Bengali of all time (BBC, 2004).1 Respondents were asked to rank their top five choices and in the end more than 100 individuals received votes. The top twenty were announced one per day beginning on 26 March, Bangladesh’s Independence Day, and ending on 15 April, the Bengali New Year’s Day, with the naming of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as the greatest Bengali of all time.
[Show full text]
ABOUT KINGDOMS and SULTANATES Bangladesh History and Culture Tour (14 Days)
ABOUT KINGDOMS AND SULTANATES Bangladesh history and culture tour (14 days) Bengal‘s settlement history goes back to the 6th century. We will follow in the footsteps of former powerful ruling dynasties, which blossomed the Buddhist, Hindu and Muslim empires here in Bengal and left behind a whole series of extraordinary monuments that testify to a time of prosperity and development. But the British East India Company also left behind numerous buildings, as did the last era in the history of historic Bengal, that of the rule of the British crown. So the country is rich in history and cultural legacies, and they also have a very relaxed relationship with history here. We will encounter living history almost everywhere, which means that historical areas or the half-dilapidated witnesses of times long past are well used or even inhabited. Of course, you also gain an insight into the living conditions of Bengali residents today... You will encounter silent witnesses to history as lively and lively the present. Scenic highlights are paired with religious traditions, the everyday life of the village communities with that of the megacities. You can still find traditional agriculture and fishing everywhere, in the cities craft and trade are still as public as when the British conquered the country. In other words, there are a myriad of impressions and experiences that are waiting for you and that cannot replace a newspaper report or a television program. Sure, it is exhausting to travel away from touristically developed regions, but Bangladesh will
[Show full text]
Research Report
RESEARCH REPORT COOPTATION OF THE HETERODOX FAKIRS IN CONTEMPORARY BANGLADESH Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder June 2019 BANGLADESH INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Research Report No. 190 Mohammad Golam Nabi Mozumder Research Associate Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies Dhaka Published by Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies E-17, Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar G.P.O. Box No. 3854, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh Phone: 9143441-8 FAX: 880-2-8141722 Website: www.bids.org.bd E-mail: [email protected] @ Copyright BIDS, June 2019 Price: Inland Foreign Tk. 80.00 US$ 10.00 This Research Report has been set in Times New Roman by Md. Ahshan Ullah Bahar, Publication Assistant, BIDS, Printed at Dot Printing and Packaging. Contents List of Figures ii Abstract iii CCHHAAPPTTEERR 11 1 INTRODUCTION 1 CCHHAAPPTTEERR 22 4 METHODOLOGY 4 CCHHAAPPTTEERR 33 6 FINDINGS 6 3.1 Fakirs Appear Foreign at Home 6 3.2 Popularity Accompanies Anxiety 13 3.3 Living Tradition turns into a Cultural Heritage 18 CCHHAAPPTTEERR 44 21 COOPTATION 21 CCHHAAPPTTEERR 55 24 CONCLUSION 24 5.1 Policy Recommendations 26 i List of Figures Figure 3.1: A Few Fakirs in the Middle Surrounded by Visitors Inside Lalon Complex ........ 9 Figure 3.2: Performing Fakirs at Lalon’s dham ..................................................................... 10 Figure 3.3: State Sponsored Cultural Program in Cheuria, Kushtia ...................................... 11 Figure 3.4: Thousands of Attendees at the State-Sponsored Parallel Cultural Program ........ 12 Figure 3.5: Celebrated Singer Momtaj Performing in Cheuria, Kushtia ............................... 14 Figure 3.6: The Removed Image of a Group of Fakirs in Conversation ................................ 15 ii Abstract This study examines how the interventions of the state and non-state apparatus (re)shape the spiritual landscape of the unorthodox Bauls, specifically Fakirs, in contemporary Bangladesh.
[Show full text]
Mysticism in Lalon and Tagore: a Question of Textual Influence and Intertextuality
Ahmed 1 Mysticism in Lalon and Tagore: A Question of Textual Influence and Intertextuality By Jarif Faiyaz Ahmed Student ID: 15303016 Bachelor of Arts in English Department of English and Humanities Brac University December 2019 Ahmed 2 Mysticism in Lalon and Tagore: A Question of Textual Influence and Intertextuality By Jarif Faiyaz Ahmed 15303016 A thesis submitted to the Department of English and Humanities in partial fulmillment of The requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in English Department of English and Humanities BRAC University December 2019 © 2019. BRAC University All rights reserved. Ahmed 3 Declaration It is hereby declared that 1. The thesis submitted is my own original work while completing degree at Brac University. 2. The thesis does not contain material previously published or written by a third party, except where this is appropriately cited through full and accurate referencing. 3. The thesis does not contain material which has been accepted, or submitted, for any other degree or diploma at a university or other institution. 4. I have acknowledged all main sources of help. Student’s Full Name & Signature: Jarif Faiyaz Ahmed 15303016 Ahmed 4 Approval The thesis/project titled “Mysticism in Lalon and Tagore: A Question of Textual Influence and Intertextuality” submitted by Jarif Faiyaz Ahmed (15303016) of Fall, 2019 has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in English & Humanities on December 24, 2019. Examining Committee: _______________________________ Seema Nusrat Amin Lecturer, Department of English & Humanities BRAC University _______________________________ Professor Firdous Azim Chairperson, Department of English & Humanities BRAC University Ahmed 1 Abstract Lalon shai, his philosophy and contribution in Bengali literature is vast; he is the „Guru‟ of Baul music in Bangladesh.
[Show full text]
Raad Mozib Lalon
Raad Mozib Lalon, PhD Faculty Member, Department of Banking and Insurance, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh-1000 Phone: +8801717939874 Email: [email protected] Employment Objective: Intend to work in a challenging and competitive environment where strong sense of responsibility and commitment is required, where dignity of work provides job satisfaction and the place of work provides potential avenues for learning, growing and to achieve a top level in the hierarchy of any organization. Academic Profile: Title of Year of Major / Institution CGPA earned Merit Position Degrees Passing Group University of PhD 2018 Banking Awarded ---- Dhaka University of nd MBA 2010 Banking 3.98 out of 4 2 Dhaka University of rd BBA 2009 Banking 3.83 out of 4 3 Dhaka HSC (Higher Notre Dame Business Secondary 2004 5 out of 5 ---- College, Dhaka Studies Certificate) SSC Khilgaon (Secondary Government Business 2002 4.50 out of 5 ---- School High School, Studies Certificate) Dhaka Present Affiliation & Teaching Experience: Name of Institutions Department Designation Duration Associate From November 27, 2018 to University of Dhaka Banking Professor Present Assistant From April 12, 2015 to University of Dhaka Banking Professor November 26, 2018 From September 15, 2012 to University of Dhaka Banking Lecturer April 11, 2015 Southeast University, From October 03, 2011 to Finance Lecturer Dhaka September 12, 2012. Ahsanullah From January 01, 2013 to June University of Science Finance Adjunct Faculty 30, 2013 & Technology University of Liberal From September 01, 2014 to Finance Adjunct Faculty Arts, Bangladesh December 31, 2014 Page | 1 Publications, Proposals & Patents: 1. Lalon (2011) “An Econometric study on Exposures to Exchange rate fluctuations in Global Foreign Exchange Market” Journal Business Studies, Southeast University, Dhaka 2.
[Show full text]
The Myth of Secrecy and the Study of the Esoteric Traditions of Bengal
religions Article “I Am Afraid of Telling You This, Lest You’d Be Scared Shitless!”: The Myth of Secrecy and the Study of the Esoteric Traditions of Bengal Carola Erika Lorea J. Gonda Research Fellow at International Institute for Asian Studies, 2311 GJ Leiden, The Netherlands; [email protected] Received: 5 March 2018; Accepted: 11 May 2018; Published: 25 May 2018 Abstract: As the verse chosen as a title for this article emblematically shows, esoteric movements have consistently used secrecy as a literary topos in their oral and written cultural expressions for a number of purposes. Scholars of South Asian religions, especially those in field of Tantric studies, have been scrutinizing for decades the need for secretive doctrines and a secret code-language (sandhya¯ bha¯s.a¯), mostly interrogating textual sources and neglecting the contemporary experience and exegetical authority of living lineages. In this paper, I firstly address ethical and epistemological problems in the study of esoteric religious movements in order to propose innovative methodological strategies. Then, I offer numerous examples drawn from extensive field-work and in-depth literary study of contemporary esoteric lineages of West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh, in order to discuss the local discourse on secrecy. Finally, I review previously assumed notions on secrecy in South Asian religions, and I suggest to take into serious consideration local perspectives on the accessibility of esoteric knowledge, leading to a more nuanced idea of secrecy, constantly subjected to temporal and situational negotiations between silence and disclosure. Keywords: Baul¯ Fakir; Sahajiy˙ a;¯ Vais.n. ava; Tantra; Kartabhaj¯ a;¯ sandhya¯ bha¯s.a;¯ exegesis; guru; contemporary West Bengal; Bangladesh 1.
[Show full text]
History, Philosophy, and Religion 2020-21
2020–21 History, Philosophy, Religion 1 Pg Pg Pg 43 43 18 Poetry of Belonging Krishna's Playground Narrative Past Ali Khan Mahumudabad John Stratton Hawley Jyoti Gulati Balachandran 9780190121013 9780190123987 9780190123994 Pg 82 Narrating South Asian Buddhism Classical Indian Partition Philosophy Dale S. Wright Peter Adamson Anindya Raychaudri 9780197534335 Jonardon Ganeri 9780197500347 9780198851769 1 2 Table of Contents General / Reference.................................................04 The Oxford India Collection.....................................09 Archaeology and Ancient India...............................10 Medieval India.........................................................13 Modern Indian History............................................20 India and South Asia...............................................44 Ecology and Environment........................................46 History of Science and Technology..........................47 History of Art and Architecture...............................48 Oxford India Perennials...........................................48 Towards Freedom....................................................49 Debates in Indian History and Society.....................50 Themes in Indian History.........................................52 Monumental Legacy................................................54 Makers of Islamic Civilization..................................56 Regional Studies: North east India..........................58 Regional Studies: South India..................................59
[Show full text]
Cleverness of Lalon
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-3, Issue-4, 2017 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in Cleverness of Lalon 1 2 3 Md. Shaon Akter , Md. Asgor Hussain & Md. Sanaullah 1 Lecturer, Department of English, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, S irajgonj. 2 Associate Professor, Islamic University, Kushtia. 3 Lecturer,Islamic Studies, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajgonj. Abstract : This paper deals with cleverness of Everyone asks “ What jat does Lalon belong to in Lalon. Because of his having enough knowledge this world ? ” about the religious conflict of then Indian sub- Lalon answers “ What does jat look like ? ” continent Lalon took the opportunity to hide his I`ve never laid eyes upon it . some use Malas identity or his root. Because of his Cleverness (Hindu rosaries) others Tasbis (muslim rosaries) Lalon never mentioned his identity. During the and so people say They Belong to different jats Lalon’s time (1774-1890) James Mill (1773-1836) But Do you bear the sign of your jat in his book ‘The History of British India (1817) When you come or when you leave ( this world) ? distinguished three phases in the history of India, Lalon was against religious conflict and many of namely Hindu, Muslim and British Civilizations. his songs mock identity politics that divide This periodisation has been criticized for the communities and generate violance.He even misconceptions and we all know that religion in rejected nationalism at the apex of the anti colonial India is characterized by a diversity of religious nationalist movements in the Indian beliefs practices. The Indian subcontinent is the subcontinent.He did not believe in classes or castes, birthplace of some of the world’s major religions the fragmented,hiararchical society and took a namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism.
[Show full text]
Title <Special Feature 1 "Narrating the Narratives of Saints">Sharing The
<Special Feature 1 "Narrating the Narratives of Saints">Sharing the Narratives: An Anthropologist among the Title Local People at the Mausoleum of Fakir Lalon Shah in Bangladesh Author(s) TOGAWA, Masahiko イスラーム世界研究 : Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies Citation (2013), 6: 21-36 Issue Date 2013-03 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/173295 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University イスラーム世界研究第 6 巻（2013 年 3 月）21‒36 頁 Sharing the Narratives Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies, 6 (March 2013), pp. 21–36 Sharing the Narratives: An Anthropologist among the Local People at the Mausoleum of Fakir Lalon Shah in Bangladesh TOGAWA Masahiko* Summary: This paper deals with the relationships between fieldworkers and local people through an analysis of the anti-development movements concerning the mausoleum of Fakir Lalon Shah (c.1774–1890) in Bangladesh in 2000. The mausoleum of Fakir Lalon Shah is located in the town of Kushtia in the western part of Bangladesh. The religious poet Lalon Shah is known as a master of baul, a school of wandering minstrels in Bengal, who sing mystical songs called baul-gan. Lalon Shah was one of the most famous poets and masters of the bauls in 19th century Bengal. The disciples of Lalon Shah inherited his teachings and continue their ritual practices in the vicinity of the mausoleum. The disciples serve not only as the singers of baul songs, but also maintain the ascetic practices of baul, which are inherited through the master- disciple relations directly from the saint Lalon Shah himself. This paper focuses on a series of events that occurred at the mausoleum of Lalon Shah when the Prime Minister of Bangladesh announced a mausoleum renovation project with a budget of 36,430,000 taka in 1997.
[Show full text]
Tagore Song Symhony of Life
International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology Vol. 29, No. 11s, (2020), pp. 3328-3340 Tagore song symhony of life 1MD. HASAN IMAM, 2MD.SADEKUL ISLAM 1Assistant Professor (English), Modern Language Center, Khulna University, Bangladesh 2Assistant Professor, Department of English, Lalmonirhat Govt. College, Lalmonirhat, Bangladesh Abstract RabindraSangeet, the songs of Rabindranath Tagore, occupies one of the top positions in the South-Asian classical music. These songs are regarded as the cultural treasure in both Bangladesh and west Bengal of India. Dealing with spirituality and transcendental love, Rabindra Sangeet is liked and adored all over the world by people. The theme of these songs are so wide and broad in range that it covers the ordinary to artistic arena and are able to represent the true feelings of every possible sector of the human society. The general ethos of the people of this part is influenced by the songs of Tagore. So, RabindraSangeet demands educated, reflective and cultured audiences to appreciate the lyrical beauty and depth of thought of his compositions. There was also a representation of the western tunes in his songs. This is for the reason; he could maintain his own distinctive messages even after using varied elements from other musical sources and these tunes can be easily identified even when he has based them on other musical forms because of this quality. So, this paper aims at identifying different artistic qualities of RabindraSangeet, i.e., the songs of Rabindranath Tagore that helped him to be crowned as the World Poet Keywords: Bangladesh, West Bengal, South Asia, Classical Music, Western tune and transcendental love Introduction Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), a Pirali Brahmin, from Kolkata is a seminal figure of the Bengali speaking people of West-Bengal and Bangladesh.
[Show full text]