Edina Active Routes to School Comprehensive Plan

May 2014

Prepared By: Acknowledgements

This Active Routes to School Plan could not have been created without the time, energy, knowledge, and input of the following individuals and agencies:

Katherine Bass, Edina Transportation Commission

Jennifer Janovy, Edina Transportation Commission and Bike Edina Task Force

David White, Edina Public Schools

Val Burke, Edina Public Schools

Jessica Smith, Bloomington Public Health

Julie Zamora, Bloomington Public Health

Rick Sansted, Concord Elementary School Principal

Chris Holden, Cornelia Elementary School Principal

Karen Bergman, Countryside Elementary School Principal

Kari Dalquist, Creek Valley Elementary School Principal

Peter Hodne, Highlands Elementary School Principal

Gerry Lukaska, Normandale Elementary School Principal

Beth Russell, South View Middle School Principal

Shawn Dudley, Valley View Middle School Principal

Eric Nelson, Edina High School Assistant Principal

Wayne Houle, City of Edina Engineering

Mark Nolan, City of Edina Engineering Table of Contents Executive Summary ...... E-1 Introduction ...... 1 Background ...... 2 Project Process ...... 3 Existing Conditions Assessment ...... 3 Student Data ...... 3 Safety ...... 7 Infrastructure ...... 7 Concord Elementary, Normandale Elementary, and South View Middle Schools ...... 8 Cornelia Elementary School ...... 12 Countryside Elementary School ...... 13 Creek Valley Elementary School ...... 15 Highlands Elementary School ...... 16 Valley View Middle and Edina High Schools ...... 17 Policy and Programming ...... 21 City of Edina ...... 21 Edina Public Schools ...... 22 Recommendations ...... 23 Short-Term Improvements...... 24 Mid-Term Improvements ...... 28 Long-Term Improvements ...... 29 Funding and Implementation ...... 31 Appendix ...... A-1 Student Travel Tally Results ...... A-2 Parent Survey Results ...... A-3 Resources ...... A-14 References...... A-19 Executive Summary The purpose of an Active Routes to School Plan (ARTS) is to identify opportunities and priorities to increase walking and biking to schools, and develop an implementation plan for making improvements in these areas. A comprehensive process involving Edina School District, City of Edina, parents, and residents was begun in 2012 to develop a plan for the nine public schools in Edina. Through site visits, principal interviews, data gathering, and stakeholder input, a set of recommendations has been developed to address the needs of students walking and biking to school. These improvements involve actions by multiple stakeholders and include both infrastructure and policy changes. Introduction Walking and biking to school in the United States has decreased dramatically, from over 60 percent in the 1960s to an average of less than 10 percent today. This reduction in active transportation, and corresponding increase in vehicular transportation, negatively affects students’ health, vehicle congestion, traffic safety, and environmental quality around schools.

Many factors contribute to the reduction in walking and bicycling to school. A survey of parents across the United States was conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to find out why their children did not walk or bike to school. The most common reasons cited by parents were distance, traffic safety, weather, and crime.

To reverse this decades-long trend of decreased walking and biking, the nationwide Safe Routes to School (SRTS) initiative was created to increase walking and biking to school through the implementation of each of the five “E’s”:

. Education – Teaching children to walk and bike safely . Encouragement – Developing programs that get children excited about walking or biking to school . Enforcement – Having law enforcement support along the designated routes to school . Engineering – Identifying infrastructure barriers to walking and biking . Evaluation – Measuring the effectiveness of the various components of the SRTS project

Edina has already taken a number of significant steps to improve walking and bicycling in the community, including:

E-1 . Created the Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety (PACS) Fund (2012) through franchise fees on gas and electricity. The fees are estimated to generate more than $1 million per year. . Hired a Transportation Planner whose primary role is to administer the PACS Fund (2013). . Adopted a Living Streets Policy and formed an on-going advisory committee to guide Living Streets Plan development (2013).

The benefits of a comprehensive ARTS plan are to provide an all-inclusive picture of the needs throughout the school district and community, allowing for programming and prioritization. In addition, it provides the opportunity to address district and city policies and programs related to walking and biking, and having a plan puts the agencies in a favorable position when applying for funding. At the school and neighborhood level, increased walking and biking to school has been shown to improve student health and academic performance, reduce traffic congestion around the school, and thereby also improve air quality and reduce traffic noise.

Project Process This plan was developed with input from the key ARTS stakeholders in Edina, including school staff, parents, school district staff, city staff, and students. The initial phases included significant data collection and assembly, along with site observations at each school, discussions with stakeholders, and development of recommendations.

Existing Conditions Assessment

Data Site Visits Gathering

Parent ARTS Working Principal Survey Group Interviews

ARTS Comprehensive Plan

Pedestrian/Bicycle Needs/Opportunities Stakeholder Plan Input Recommendations Improvement Priorities

E-2 Recommendations The following sections present the recommendations of the Comprehensive ARTS Plan to increase walking and biking to schools in Edina. Some recommendations could be feasibly implemented within a short time, while others may require longer timelines due to the need for policy changes or funding. Based on its past planning and active efforts to improve its bicycle and pedestrian facilities, Edina is well- positioned to implement infrastructure improvements and effect the cultural and policy changes necessary to see long-term shifts in travel behavior. City of Edina Improvements . Provide enforcement in school zones . Conduct study of pedestrian and bicycle connectivity in southeast Edina . Establish city policy for crosswalk markings . Modify ordinance language to allow bicycling on sidewalks . Construct pedestrian ramps at W 72nd Street/ Oaklawn Avenue . Evaluate effectiveness of school speed zone signing and establish city policy for use of school speed zones . Construct sidewalk on 58th Street east of Wooddale Avenue . Construct sidewalk connection from Ayrshire Boulevard to Highlands Elementary School . Construct sidewalk or trail on Interlachen Boulevard . Construct sidewalk on Cornelia Drive from 70th Street to 66th Street . Construct sidewalk connection on Oaklawn Avenue to Cornelia Elementary School . Obtain easement and construct sidewalk connection from Oaklawn Avenue to Parklawn Avenue . Construct sidewalk on Claremore Drive, Kellogg Avenue, and Wooddale Avenue . Construct sidewalk on Valley View Road, Tracy Avenue, and Gleason Road . Construct sidewalk on Sun Road, Arbour Avenue, and Olinger Boulevard . Construct sidewalk on Benton Avenue Edina Public Schools Improvements . Improve bicycle parking at Edina High School, Valley View Middle School, and Highlands Elementary School . Continue or initiate site-level walking and biking activities . Develop a walking and biking section of the school district website . Incorporate language regarding walking and biking to school into the district wellness policy . Incorporate walking and biking safety education into the physical education curriculum . Create a program to improve bicycle parking at all schools . Designate a district Active Routes to School coordinator . Improve surface and maintenance of trail from Creek Valley Road to Edina High School . Reconstruct and narrow the driveways at Cornelia Elementary School Joint City-District Improvements . Address safety and traffic issues on Valley View Road at Edina High School/ Valley View Middle School . Create a pedestrian and bicycle safety public education campaign . Monitor ARTS performance measures on at least an annual basis . Establish a permanent Active Routes to School working group

E-3 Introduction Walking and biking to school in the United States has decreased dramatically, from over 60 percent in the 1960s to an average of less than 10 percent today. This reduction in active transportation, and corresponding increase in vehicular transportation, negatively affects students’ health, vehicle congestion, traffic safety, and environmental quality around schools. In Hennepin County, only 24 percent of children age 6 to 17 years get the minimum amount of physical activity recommended by the Centers for Disease Control.1,2

Many factors contribute to the reduction in walking and bicycling to school. A survey of parents across the United States indicated that the most common reasons cited by parents were distance, traffic safety, weather, and crime.3 There are also other factors that affect the population of students that are able to walk or bike, such as physical disabilities, access to a bicycle, and before- and after-school activities. The objective of this plan is to increase the number of students walking and biking who are able to do so, and to improve the safety of their trips.

To reverse the decades-long trend of decreased walking and biking, the nationwide Safe Routes to School (SRTS) initiative was created to increase walking and biking to school through the implementation of each of the five “E’s”:

Locally, walking and biking projects have been initiated and funded through federal transportation funds, as well as the Statewide Health Improvement Program (SHIP). SHIP is dedicated to promoting active living in communities throughout Minnesota, with the goal of reducing obesity and preventing disease.

The purpose of this Comprehensive Active Routes to School Plan (ARTS) is to document the existing walking and biking environment in Edina, identify opportunities and priorities to increase walking and biking to schools, and develop an implementation plan for making the improvements. The comprehensive nature of the plan provides an overall view of the needs and priorities in the community.

Nationwide, the efforts to increase the number and safety of students walking and biking to school is generally referred to as “Safe Routes to School”. However, this can be a misleading term as no route can truly be made to be “safe.” In addition, the plan addresses many aspects of active transportation, of which safety is only one component. Therefore, Edina has chosen to identify the scope of activities related to walking and biking to schools as “Active Routes to School”. This name more accurately describes the focus of the plan and its desired outcomes.

1 Background The City of Edina has taken a number of significant steps to improve walking and bicycling in the city, including:

. Established a bicycle task force. . Completed the Bicycle Transportation Plan (2007). Implementation of the plan is underway. . Created a sidewalk map as part of the City’s Comprehensive Plan (2008). Implementation of the plan is underway. . Completed and implemented the Edina Schools Speed Zone Study (2009). . Created the Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety (PACS) Fund (2012) through franchise fees on gas and electricity. The fees are estimated to generate more than $1 million per year. . Hired a Transportation Planner whose primary role is to administer the PACS Fund (2013). . Adopted a Living Streets Policy and formed an on-going advisory committee to guide Living Streets Plan development (2013).

This Active Routes to School Plan plays an important function of connecting the roles of the school district and the city in jointly seeking to increase walking and biking to school. It is intended to complement and support the work and planning already completed, while also capturing all the factors that influence choices about transportation by building on the infrastructure improvements previously identified, but also addressing the other four areas of ARTS including policy and programming. The benefits of a comprehensive Edina adopted a Living Streets Policy in 2013 to balance the needs of ARTS plan are to provide an motorists, bicyclists, pedestrians and transit riders. Source: City of Edina, 2013 all-inclusive picture of the needs throughout a school district or city, allowing for programming and prioritization. In addition, it provides the opportunity to address district and city policies and programs related to walking and biking, and having a plan puts the agencies in a favorable position when applying for funding. At the school and neighborhood level, increased walking and biking to school has been shown to improve student health and academic performance, reduce traffic congestion around the school, and thereby also improve air quality and reduce traffic noise.

2 Project Process This plan was developed with input from the key ARTS stakeholders in Edina, including school staff, parents, school district staff, city staff, and students. The initial phases included significant data collection and assembly, along with site observations at each school, followed by evaluations, and development of recommendations. Stakeholder input was gathered at several key points in the process, as highlighted in the diagram below.

Existing Conditions Assessment

Data Site Visits Gathering

ARTS Working Principal Parent Survey Group Interviews

ARTS Comprehensive Plan

Pedestrian/Bicycle Needs/Opportunities Stakeholder Plan Input Recommendations Improvement Priorities

Existing Conditions Assessment The City of Edina encompasses approximately 16 square miles and has a population of nearly 48,000 residents as of the 2010 census. Edina is a first-ring suburb of Minneapolis, and as such, is a fully developed city. However, some of the aspects that have made Edina an attractive city in which to live and work – access to regional transportation facilities (TH 62, TH 100 TH 169, I-494), natural amenities such as lakes and parks, and irregular street network in some areas – also can make it challenging for non-motorized transportation. The following sections document the evaluation of the existing conditions for walking and bicycling to schools in Edina. Student Data The Edina School District serves nearly 8,300 students in six elementary schools, two middle schools, and one high school. Walk boundaries for each school, which are established by the school district, set the distance within which students are not provided bus transportation. These boundaries for the Edina

3 School District are generally 0.7 mile for elementary schools, and one mile for middle and high schools. However, within these radii students may be provided bus transportation based on hazardous transportation conditions on the route to school, such as crossings of high volume or high speed roadways. The identification of hazardous transportation conditions is established by the school district, per Minnesota State Statute. On a district-wide basis, approximately 16 percent of students live within the walk boundary of their school. A more detailed summary for each school is shown in Table 1. The students who live within the walk boundary represent the greatest opportunities for increasing walking and biking.

Table 1. Edina Students within Walk Zone Boundaries Students Total School Within Walk Provided Bus Enrollment Open Enrolled Boundary Transportation Concord Elementary 730 22% 10% 68% Cornelia Elementary 550 30% 13% 57% Countryside Elementary 580 24% 29% 53% Creek Valley Elementary 610 10% 9% 81% Highlands Elementary 560 12% 8% 80% Normandale Elementary 640 9% 7% 84% South View Middle School 1,290 19% 17% 74% Valley View Middle School 1,360 17% 14% 69% Edina High School 1,970 10% 18% 72% Total (Elementary and Middle) 6,320 18% 14% 68% Total (All Schools) 8,290 16% 15% 69%

Student travel tallies were conducted for all kindergarten through eighth grade classrooms in the district in fall 2012 using the National Center for Safe Routes to School standard tally forms. The results of the tallies showed that an average of 10.5 percent of elementary students and 12 percent of middle school students walked or biked to school, compared to approximately 18 percent that live within the walk boundary of the school. The predominant mode at all sites was School Bus, followed by Family Vehicle. Nearly 30 percent of all students arrive to or from school by Family Vehicle, which accounts for significant volumes of traffic at each of the school sites. Table 2 shows the average mode results by school. A breakdown of mode for travel to and from school for each site is included in the Appendix. Counts of pedestrians and bicyclists were also conducted as part of the field observations at each site, which are described further in the next section.

4 Table 2. Edina Student Travel Tallies Modes To/From School School School Family Walk Bike Carpool Other Bus Vehicle Concord Elementary 8% 6% 55% 28% 3% 0% Cornelia Elementary 10% 5% 47% 27% 2% 9% Countryside Elementary 11% 2% 47% 38% 2% 0% Creek Valley Elementary 6% 6% 60% 27% 1% 0% Highlands Elementary 4% 0% 61% 31% 3% 1% Normandale Elementary 6% 1% 58% 32% 2% 1% South View Middle School 9% 1% 57% 30% 1% 2% Valley View Middle School 13% 1% 60% 24% 2% 0% Average 8% 3% 56% 30% 2% 1%

A parent survey, developed by the National Center for Safe Routes to School, was conducted in June 2013 with 364 responses. The survey questions are directed at concerns and attitudes related to walking and biking, and parents’ perceptions of barriers to walking and biking. As shown in Table 3, for both elementary and middle school students the most-cited reasons by parents for not regularly walking or biking to school were traffic or infrastructure related (amount of traffic, speed of traffic, intersection safety, and presence of sidewalks/pathways). However, distance was cited more frequently as a factor at the high school level compared to the elementary or middle school levels. The age at which parents said they would allow their child to walk or bike to school without an adult was 4th to 6th grade.

In the comments section of the survey, the following topics were mentioned five or more times:

. Need for sidewalks or paths (34 comments) . Safety concerns along or crossing Wooddale Avenue (13 comments) o Wooddale Avenue/ 50th Street intersection (6 comments) . Heavy backpacks, band instruments, or sports bags make walking or biking not feasible (11 comments) . Safety concerns along Valley View Road (8 comments) . Need for increased enforcement (7 comments) . Safety concerns along 58th Street, specifically need for sidewalk (6 comments) . Safety concerns along Tracy Avenue (5 comments)

A full summary of the survey results is included in the Appendix.

5 Table 3. Issues that Affect Decision to Walk or Bike

Percent of Respondents Identifying Issue Time Driving Climate Distance Safety of Pathways Bike With Weather or Along Route Along Route Sidewalks or Before or After Convenience of Speed of Traffic Crossing Guards School Activities Adults to Walk or Intersections and Amount of Traffic Violence or Crime

Elementary 33% 4% 12% 16% 52% 60% 24% 52% 57% 10% 18% 28% Schools Middle 41% 7% 29% 27% 50% 58% 4% 49% 64% 3% 19% 40% Schools High 53% 13% 32% 24% 45% 45% 3% 39% 53% 13% 18% 37% School Average 37% 6% 19% 20% 51% 58% 16% 49% 58% 9% 18% 32% Percentages do not total 100% because respondents could select more than one issue.

Input was also gathered from the Edina High School Student Council about the reasons students choose their mode of travel to and from school. While K-8 students are most often the focus of ARTS efforts, because they are the most vulnerable population, high school students also face challenges to walking and biking to school. Understanding these challenges will help the city and school district address the issues unique to high school students and the high school campus. The Student Council identified the following key concerns that impacted their ability or willingness to walk or bike to school:

. Having sidewalks to walk or bike on, particularly on higher volume roadways. . The illegality of riding bicycles on sidewalks in Edina. . The availability of secure bicycle parking at school. Current bicycle parking at Edina High School . The need for walking and biking education, for parents, as well as students. . School schedule, specifically “zero hour” that begins at 7:30 am. Students with zero hour do not have the option of riding the bus to school, and students walking or biking to school at this time would be doing so in the dark during some months of the year.

6 Safety The pedestrian and bicycle crashes within the City of Edina in the past 10 years (2003-2012) were reviewed to identify the crashes involving school-age children.4 This analysis provides a picture of the overall safety of pedestrians and bicyclists in Edina, but also is used as a comparison to identify key locations or areas where crashes involving young pedestrians and cyclists are of greatest concern. Over the 10-year period, there were 60 bicycle crashes and 27 pedestrian crashes reported in the city, which represents approximately 3 percent of all crashes occurring on the local roadway network (i.e., excluding the freeway system) during that time period. More than 30 percent of the pedestrian and bicycle crashes in Edina involve a pedestrian or bicyclist under the age of 18, with the 14-15 year old age group being most over-represented (approximately 11 percent of all pedestrian and bicycle crashes in the city). This indicates a potential need for increased safety education at the elementary and middle school levels, to give children the skills to safely walk and bike in the community. Equally important is driver education of the rules of the road and safe driving behavior around pedestrians and bicyclists. Periodic enforcement of those rules is also needed to increase awareness and compliance near schools and throughout the community.

Note that in the following sections discussing infrastructure and safety at each school site, there may be references to the number of crashes within a specific school’s walk zone and that these numbers may include some of the same crash incidents under multiple school sites if their walk boundaries overlap. Infrastructure Edina has an existing network of sidewalk and bicycle facilities that connect many of the key destinations in the city, as shown in Figure 1. However, because the city does not have a grid street system in some areas of the city, many of the facilities that provide bicycle and pedestrian connections also carry high volumes of traffic. The routes for bicycles and pedestrians can also be very circuitous due to the established street network and the limited opportunities to cross freeways in some areas of the community. The City of Edina provides winter maintenance and snow clearing on all public sidewalks along designated State Aid roadways, within Public School Zones, along parks, and within major business districts. The clearing of all other sidewalks in the city are the responsibility of the adjacent property owner. Sidewalk map from 2008 City of Edina Comprehensive Plan

7 As noted in the Comprehensive Bicycle Transportation Plan, and further described in the site evaluations, the provision of bicycle parking at Edina Public Schools is generally deficient in terms of the number of spaces, their location, and the design of the racks that does not easily allow bicycles to be securely parked.

In addition to a citywide review of infrastructure and safety, observations were conducted during school arrival and dismissal to evaluate the condition of the infrastructure, gather data on existing walking and biking numbers, and also identify the primary walk/bike routes to each school. Existing conditions for each school site are provided in Figures 2-7.

Concord Elementary, Normandale Elementary, and South View Middle Schools Three schools – Concord Elementary, Normandale Elementary, and South View Middle School – share a continuous site bounded by Normandale Road (Trunk Highway 100) to the west, South View Lane to the north, Concord Avenue to the east, and School Road to the south. Although each school operates independently within the district, they share much of the same infrastructure and therefore have some of the same challenges. Therefore, the site evaluations, observations, and recommendations were conducted and considered as a whole.

Concord Elementary School has approximately 730 students and Normandale Elementary has approximately 640 students in kindergarten through 5th grade. The school day is from 8:35 AM to 3:05 PM at both schools. South View Middle School has 1,290 students in grades 6-9, and the school day is from 7:45 AM to 2:40 PM. There are more than 2,600 students traveling to and from this site in approximately a one-hour period in the morning and afternoon.

In terms of infrastructure, Normandale Road, South View Lane, and Concord Road around the perimeter of the site have existing sidewalk. In 2013 a new sidewalk segment was constructed on School Road along the south side of Concord Elementary to fill in a gap in the sidewalk network around the school complex. The construction of this sidewalk segment eliminates the issue of pedestrians walking in the roadway from Concord Avenue to the school entrance.

School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed at several New sidewalk on School Road next to Concord key intersections around the school sites, as Elementary, constructed in 2013 shown in Figure 2. All-way stop control was also recently installed on Concord Avenue at W 58th Street, which is a major crossing for pedestrians and bicyclists due to the sidewalk on W 58th Street as well as its location near the middle school entrance. There are also push button-activated pedestrian flashers, along with the crosswalk, at the Concord Avenue crossing of Valley View Road due to the higher traffic volumes and speeds on that roadway. School speeds zones that lower the posted speed limit to 15 miles per hour (mph) are posted on

8 Normandale Road, South View Lane, Concord Avenue, and School Road. These zones were installed in 2009 following a study of all the school sites in Edina. The posted zones are in effect when children are present.

In terms of bicycle infrastructure, Normandale Road, South View Lane, and Concord Avenue north of W 58th Street/Benton Avenue are identified in the city’s Comprehensive Bicycle Plan as primary bicycle routes and south of W 58th Street/Benton Avenue as secondary bicycle routes. There are not currently on-street or off-street bicycle facilities on these roadways.

Bicycle parking is provided near all three school buildings, and is generally located conveniently next to sidewalks and paved areas. However, the racks at Concord and South View are located in unpaved areas that may become difficult to access in wet or snowy conditions and are not easily visible from the school office or classrooms. Best practices for bicycle parking at schools would locate the racks within 150 feet of an entrance, in a paved area, and easily visible from inside the school building. Many of the racks are also older styles that require the bicycle wheel to be locked to the rack, rather Existing bicycle parking at South View Middle School than the bicycle frame, which can result in a higher likelihood of vandalism or damage to the bicycle.

In addition to the infrastructure, pedestrian and bicycle crashes were reviewed for a 10-year period (2003-2012) within 0.7 miles of the elementary schools and 1.0 mile of the middle school to identify any potential safety issues within the walk radius, but away from the main school campus. A total of 10 bicycle crashes and five pedestrian crashes were reported, with four involving a pedestrian or cyclist under 18 years old. This is a higher rate than seen citywide, which may be in part due to the amount of pedestrian and bicycle activity in this area.

Observations were conducted at the site in November 2012 and April-May 2013 during the arrival and dismissal periods to evaluate the safety and operations for pedestrians and bicyclist at each school, which are summarized in the following sections.

Concord Elementary School The primary walking and biking routes to school were observed to be to and from the north along Concord Avenue and to the east on W 59th Street. Student school patrols are posted at the intersections of Concord Avenue/W 59th Street and Concord Avenue/School Road to assist with crossings, since nearly all students walking or biking to school must cross the bus and family vehicle traffic traveling to and from the school. Approximately 20-30 students were observed walking and 30-40 students were observed bicycling to school on good weather days, accounting for nearly 10 percent of the school population. Concord has organized and participated in past National Walk and Bike to School events,

9 with many families choosing to bike. During one observation, the bicycle racks at Concord were nearly parked to capacity.

The school’s west parking lot is used for bus loading and unloading, and the east parking lot is designated for family vehicles. The queue of vehicles waiting to pick-up/drop-off students often spills out of the parking lot and onto School Road, which creates challenges particularly for students walking or biking from the south that must cross the line of vehicles to get to the school. During the day, only the main entrance of the school is open, and the lack of sidewalk on School Road or on the school site between the parking lot and main entrance is an issue not only for students walking and biking, but also for visitors to the Bicycle parking at Concord Elementary during Bike to School Week in May 2013 school.

School staff provided input to the reviews and highlighted several of their concerns with walking and biking at Concord:

. Distracted driving (e.g., due to cell phone use) in the school parking lot is a significant safety issue during arrival and dismissal . Control of the School Road/Concord Avenue intersection is an issue, even with the school patrols, due to the amount of activity and the current intersection control with stop signs on School Road only . Lack of sidewalk on many streets is a Vehicle traffic queued from the parking lot onto School Road major barrier to walking or biking for many families.

Normandale Elementary School Due to its location adjacent to TH 100 and its role as a French immersion school, Normandale has the lowest percentage of its students living within the walk boundary of any school in the district. As a result, fewer than 10 students were observed biking to school and approximately 10-15 students were observed walking to school. This represents less than five percent of the population of the school. The primary routes were to and from the north along Normandale Road, St. Andrews Avenue, and Concord Avenue. Two students were observed to utilize the pedestrian bridge to cross to the west side of TH

10 100. Normandale does not operate a school patrol and has not participated in National Walk and Bike to School Days in the past.

The available bicycle parking at Normandale consists of one rack located near door 8, which is on the east side of the building at the Community Center entrance, and one rack at the north entrance. These locations are not visible or convenient to the main entrances of the school.

The school principal and administrative staff indicated that students are not encouraged to walk or bike to Normandale. Most students are bussed, with 14 buses serving the school, but there is also a significant volume of family vehicles each day. Buses primarily use Normandale Road for loading and unloading, but some also use the driveway on South View Lane. Parent traffic is directed to use the parking lot and circular drive on the south side of the school, but due to the volume of traffic the queue during afternoon dismissal often spills out of the parking lot and onto Normandale Road, which can impact the bus traffic as well.

South View Middle School A relatively large number of students currently walk and bike to South View Middle School. During the on-site observations, as many as 90 students were observed walking to and from school and as many as 40 students were observed bicycling. This represents approximately 10 percent of the student population, or about half the number of students that live within the walk zone. The primary routes for both walkers and bicyclists were south on Concord Avenue, east on W 58th Street, and north on Concord Avenue. South View sometimes operates a school patrol at the South View Lane/St. Andrews Avenue intersection, which is staffed by the Traffic on South View Lane during arrival assistant principal and students who have been assigned to crossing duty. The school has tried to recruit parents to serve as regular crossing guards on South View Lane, but had only one parent volunteer. The volume and speed of vehicles on South View Lane, as well as drivers’ disregard for the school patrols, are a frequent source of concern and complaints by parents.

The bicycle racks at South View are located near the south parking lot, along Concord Avenue, but are in a grassy area. The visibility of the racks behind the building, along with the style of racks that do not allow for locking the frame of the bicycle to the rack, do not provide very secure bicycle parking. School staff reported that at times there is also insufficient capacity in the existing racks.

Buses load and unload students primarily in the south parking lot. Parents are directed to use the west parking lot, between South View and Normandale, for pick-up and drop-off, but a significant number instead use South View Lane and St. Andrews Avenue.

11 Input from school staff raised a number of additional concerns at the school, including enforcement of the school speed zones, the need for additional sidewalk and bicycle infrastructure, and the desire for traffic calming on South View Lane.

Cornelia Elementary School Cornelia Elementary School has approximately 550 students in kindergarten through 5th grades. The school day runs from 9:20 am to 3:50 pm. The walking and biking infrastructure around the school includes sidewalk along W 70th Street, Cornelia Drive and portions of W 72nd Street. School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed at several key intersections around the school site, as shown in Figure 3. The designated school crossings all have pedestrian ramps, except for the W 72nd Street/Oaklawn Avenue intersection. The signalized intersection of W 70th Street/Cornelia Drive is signed No Turn On Red due to the vehicle/pedestrian conflicts, especially during school arrival and dismissal. School speed zones were posted in 2009 on Cornelia Avenue and W 70th Street as a result of the School Speed Zone Study.

The segment of W 70th Street from France Avenue to TH 100 was reconstructed in 2011 to include a three-lane roadway section with on-street bicycle lanes and sidewalk on both sides of the roadway. The posted speed limit was also reduced from 30 mph to 25 mph as part of the project. In addition to the school speed zone and school crossing on W 70th Street near Cornelia, there is also a signed pedestrian crossing with flashers at W 70th Street/Wooddale Avenue. Cornelia Drive north of W 70th Street is signed and has on- street markings as a bicycle boulevard and is identified a primary bicycle route in the Edina Comprehensive Bicycle Transportation Plan. Reconstructed W 70th Street with improved pedestrian and bicycle facilities Bicycle parking at Cornelia is located on the west side of the school, near the playground. Although the bicycle racks are located on a concrete pad, which is beneficial for providing convenient parking during wet conditions, the racks are not visible from the school building and are not easily accessible from the main school entrances. The racks are also older styles that require the bicycle wheel to be locked to the rack, rather than the bicycle frame, which can result in a higher likelihood of vandalism or damage to the bicycle.

Pedestrian and bicycle crashes were reviewed for a 10-year period (2003-2012) within 0.7 miles of the school to identify any potential safety issues within the walk radius. A total of eight bicycle crashes and five pedestrian crashes were reported, with four involving a pedestrian or cyclist between 15 and 18 years old. Approximately half the crashes occurred during the summer months (June-August) and half during the rest of the year. The rate of crashes involving 15 to 18 year-old pedestrians and bicyclists in this area is higher than seen citywide.

12 During observations in November 2012, approximately 50 students were observed walking and 5 students were observed bicycling to and from school, representing about 10 percent of the student population. However, this is a relatively small portion of the 30 percent of students that live within the walk zone. The primary routes are to the north and south on Cornelia Drive, however the sidewalk on Cornelia Drive ends just north of W 70th Street. There is also a lack of sidewalk infrastructure to the west of the school.

Buses load and unload in the main parking lot on the south side of the school. Family vehicles occupy the driveway on the east side of the school, both sides of Cornelia Drive near the school entrance, and also some parts of the south parking lot. The school driveway entrances are very wide and were observed to be the source of conflicts and right-of-way confusion between pedestrians and vehicles, even when the school patrol was present to assist with the crossings of the driveways. Vehicles leaving the school and turning left onto westbound W 70th Street also created conflicts with the school patrols and the th pedestrians crossing W 70 Street. Wide crossing of the school driveway creates potential vehicle/pedestrian conflicts Cornelia has participated in past National Walk to School Day events, which was promoted through physical education classes, and has hosted the district bike rodeo for the past two years.

In addition to the issues observed during the on-site evaluations, school staff identified several other walking and biking concerns including the lack of sidewalk on Cornelia Drive north of W 70th Street and the need for a sidewalk or trail connection from the Parklawn neighborhood to the school.

Countryside Elementary School Countryside Elementary School has approximately 580 students in kindergarten through 5th grades. The school day runs from 9:20 am to 3:50 pm. The walking and biking infrastructure around the school includes sidewalk along the east side of Tracy Avenue and north side of Benton Avenue. School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed at several key intersections around the school, as shown in Figure 4. A 15-mph school speed zone was posted in 2009 on Tracy Avenue as a result of the School Speed Zone Study.

13 Reconstructed Tracy Avenue with bicycle lanes and high visibility crosswalks

The segment of Tracy Avenue from Vernon Avenue to Benton Avenue was reconstructed in 2012 to include a two-lane roadway section and on-street bicycle lanes and sidewalk on the east side of the roadway. The posted speed limit was also reduced from 30 mph to 25 mph as part of the project. In addition to the school speed zone and school crossing on Tracy Avenue near Benton Avenue, there are also signed pedestrian crossings of Tracy Avenue at Grove Street, Warden Avenue, Hawkes Drive, and Hawkes Place and a dynamic driver feedback (YOUR SPEED) sign. Tracy Avenue and Benton Avenue east of Tracy Avenue are identified as primary bicycle routes in the Edina Comprehensive Bicycle Transportation Plan.

Bicycle racks at Countryside are located on the southeast corner of the school and near the front entrance. Both locations are placed on concrete pads adjacent to sidewalk and were specifically situated to eliminate potential conflicts with vehicles entering the site. However, both racks are older styles that require the bicycle wheel to be locked to the rack, rather than the bicycle frame, which can result in a higher likelihood of vandalism or damage to the bicycle.

Pedestrian and bicycle crashes were reviewed for a 10-year period (2003-2012) within 0.7 miles of the school to identify any potential safety issues within the walk radius. A total of four bicycle crashes and zero pedestrian crashes were reported, with one involving a bicyclist between 15 and 18 years old and one crash involving an 11 year old bicyclist (i.e., elementary school age). All of the crashes occurred at intersections along or near Vernon Avenue.

During observations in April and May 2013, approximately 50 students were observed walking and 10 students were observed bicycling to and from school, representing about 10 percent of the student population. The primary routes are to the east and west on Benton Avenue, and north and south on Tracy Avenue. All pedestrians and bicyclists traveling on Tracy Avenue or east on Benton Avenue must cross at the Tracy Avenue/Benton Avenue intersection, which has significant traffic volumes, so there is an adult crossing guard with a stop paddle at the intersection to assist with the crossings before and after school.

14 Buses load and unload in the main parking lot on the north side of the school. Family vehicles occupy the parking lot on the east side of the school and the west side of Tracy Avenue. Much of the vehicle traffic to and from the school site also travels through the Tracy Avenue/Benton Avenue intersection.

Countryside has participated in past National Walk to School Day events, which was promoted through the school newsletter and in classrooms. Input from school staff indicated that the school’s Site Council and Kids Council are active and open to supporting or promoting future walking or biking events. There may also be opportunities to incorporate walking and biking activities or education into the Kids Club before/after school care. Of the six elementary schools in Edina, Countryside was observed to have the one of the strongest cultures and support structure for walking and biking to school.

Creek Valley Elementary School Creek Valley Elementary School has approximately 610 students in kindergarten through 5th grades. The school day runs from 9:20 am to 3:50 pm. The walking and biking infrastructure around the school includes sidewalk along the east side of Gleason Road and north side of Creek Valley Road. School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed at the Gleason Road/Creek Valley Road intersection, as shown in Figure 5. A 20-mph school speed zone is posted on Gleason Road and a 15- mph school speed zone is posted on Creek Valley Road as a result of the School Speed Zone Study. Gleason Road is also identified as a primary bicycle route in the Edina Comprehensive Bicycle Transportation Plan.

The segment of Creek Valley Road east of Gleason Road was reconstructed in 2012, and sidewalk was added on the north side New sidewalk and enhanced crosswalks on Creek Valley Road of the roadway. A segment of sidewalk was also recently added on the school site, on the south side of the family pick-up drive, to eliminate conflicts between pick-up/drop-off traffic and pedestrians walking from Gleason Road to the school building. This sidewalk segment was funded by the school’s Parent Teacher Association.

Bicycle racks at Creek Valley are located on the south side of the school near the playground. The racks are appropriately placed on concrete pads near the back entrance to the school, and are a newer style that allow for locking the bicycle frame rather than the wheel. However, there are not any bicycle racks located near the front entrance of the school.

15 During observations in November 2012 and May 2013, approximately 30 students were observed walking and five students were observed bicycling to and from school, representing about six percent of the student population compared with the 10 percent that live within the walk zone. The primary walking and bicycling routes are to the south on Gleason Road and to the east and west on Creek Valley Road. No students were observed traveling to the north on Gleason Road. Student school patrols were stationed at the Gleason Road/Creek Valley Road intersection. A number of conflicts were observed at the intersection between pedestrians and the pick-up/drop-off queue that extends out of the school site and south on Gleason Road through the intersection. Vehicles also queue on Creek Valley Road east and west of the intersection after school.

Buses load and unload in the main driveway on the west side of the school. Family vehicles occupy the circular driveway on the southeast side of the school, but frequently spill onto the adjacent roadways during the school dismissal period.

Creek Valley has had the most active walking/biking program of any of the schools in the district. The school’s Wellness Committee started and continues to support weekly “Walking Wednesdays” during good weather months and holds an annual fun walk/run event before school in May. The school also has participated in National Walk to School Day. Input from school staff indicated that the high school traffic and the lack of connection to students living in the neighborhoods near Tracy Avenue makes walking and biking less favorable to students.

Highlands Elementary School Highlands Elementary School has approximately 560 students in kindergarten through 5th grades. The school day runs from 9:20 am to 3:50 pm. The walking and biking infrastructure around the school includes sidewalk along one side of Doncaster Way and a trail on the south side of Vernon Avenue. Most of the streets near the school do not have sidewalk and the lack of connectivity of the roadway network create barriers to finding safe and relatively direct routes from the neighborhoods to the school building. School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed on Doncaster Way at the crossing from the school site to the sidewalk on the west side of the roadway, as shown in Figure 7. A 15-mph school speed zone was posted in 2009 on Doncaster Way as a result of the School Speed Zone Study.

Bicycle racks at Highlands are located in the south corner of the school’s parking lot. This is an undesirable location based on the distance and visibility from the building. The racks are older styles that require the bicycle wheel to be locked to the rack, rather than the bicycle Bicycle racks are located in the corner of the parking lot and are in poor condition frame, which can result in a higher likelihood of vandalism or damage to the bicycle.

16 Pedestrian and bicycle crashes were reviewed for a 10-year period (2003-2012) within 0.7 miles of the school to identify any potential safety issues within the walk radius. A total of five bicycle crashes and one pedestrian crash were reported, with one involving a bicyclist between 15 and 18 years old.

During observations in November 2012 and April 2013, approximately 10 students were observed walking and no students were observed bicycling to and from school, representing only two percent of the student population. The primary routes are to the north and south on Doncaster Way. All of the pedestrians and bicyclists must cross the queue of family vehicles to reach the sidewalk and many also cross the vehicle queue again at Doncaster Way. A student school patrol, with an adult supervisor, operates at the Doncaster Way crossing. However, an adult crossing guard is also needed at the crossing of the parking lot/playground entrance where pick-up/drop- off occurs. Some students also walk through the school site to the east, where there is no walkway, path, or public right-of-way, to reach the neighborhoods north of Ayrshire Boulevard.

Buses load and unload in the main parking lot on the west side of the school. Family vehicles occupy the playground/parking lot on the south side of the school, which extends back to Doncaster Way. There is staff supervision with school patrol flags at the During dismissal vehicles queue over pedestrian crossing pick-up/drop-off area.

In the past, Highlands had a parent group that met for two years and worked to hold walking and biking activities. However, due to the very small population of students within the walk zone and number of infrastructure barriers, the group disbanded. The school does participate annually in National Walk to School Day. Input from school staff identified the need for a dedicated sidewalk or path on Interlachen Boulevard. A trail was previously proposed as part of an improvement project in 2006, but was not approved. Traffic speeds on Ayrshire Boulevard are also frequently expressed as a safety concern, compounded with the lack of designated pedestrian crossing of Ayrshire Boulevard.

Valley View Middle and Edina High Schools Valley View Middle School and Edina High School share a site located along Valley View Road. Valley View Middle School has approximately 1,360 students in grades 6 through 9, and Edina High School has approximately 1,920 students in grades 10 through 12, resulting in more than 3,000 students on the site. Due to the topography and wetlands surrounding the site, the only site accesses are from Valley View Road. Valley View’s hours are 7:45 AM to 2:30 PM and the high school’s hours are 8:30 AM to 3:10 PM. Although each school operates independently within the district, they share much of the same infrastructure and therefore have some of the same challenges. Therefore, the site evaluations, observations, and recommendations were conducted and considered as a whole.

17 In terms of sidewalk infrastructure, Valley View Road, and Gleason Road north of Valley View Road all have existing sidewalks. However, there is a notable sidewalk gap on Valley View Road west of Gleason Road. This sidewalk segment is identified in the City’s comprehensive plan as a future project, but has not yet been programmed for construction. Reviewing the wider area around the schools, both TH 62 and TH 100 act as barriers to connectivity between southeast Edina and key destinations in other parts of the city. There are limited available walking and biking routes from these neighborhoods to Valley View Middle School and Edina High School. The routes that are available also have some noted deficiencies, such as the pedestrian bridge over TH 62 near Rosland Park, which only has a stair access and therefore is not accessible for all users, and the TH 100 crossing on 66th Street, which has narrow sidewalk that ends west of the bridge.

School crossing signing and high visibility crosswalk markings are installed at several key intersections around the school sites, as shown in Figure 8. The crosswalk parallel to Valley View Road across the schools’ eastern driveway is very faded and in need of repainting. There are no marked crosswalks where the sidewalk crosses the other two school driveways. School speeds zones that lower the posted speed limit from to 20 mph are posted on Valley View Road and a short portion of Antrim Road. These zones were installed in 2009 following a study of all the school sites in Edina. The posted zones are in effect when children are present.

In terms of bicycle infrastructure, Gleason Road, Valley View Road, and Tracy Avenue are all identified in the city’s Comprehensive Bicycle Plan as primary bicycle routes. Antrim Road and Valley View Road/Tracy Avenue south of TH 62 have on-street bicycle lanes. In addition, the Nine Mile Creek Regional Trail is proposed to be constructed through the area north of the schools and cross TH 62.

Existing trail connection from Creek Valley Road to Valley View Middle School and Edina High School

There is also an existing trail on school property that connects Creek Valley Road to the school buildings. The existing trail provides a significantly more direct connection from the Creek Valley and Indian Hills neighborhoods to Valley View Middle School and Edina High School than the roadway network. However, the trail is narrow, paved for only a portion of the connection, and is not maintained in the winter. Improving this trail surface and its maintenance would enhance the biking and walking connection to the schools during all months of the year.

18 Bicycle parking is generally inadequate considering there are over 3,000 students at the site. Two bicycle racks are located at the southeast corner of the middle school, one bicycle rack is located near door 12 on the east side of the middle school, one bicycle rack is located near the entrance to the Performing Arts Center, and one rack is located near the main entrance of the high school. Most of the racks are in unpaved areas, are not easily visible from the school office or classrooms, and several of the racks do not allow for the bicycle frame to be locked.

Bicycle parking conditions at Valley View Middle School and Edina High School

In addition to the infrastructure, pedestrian and bicycle crashes were reviewed for a 10-year period (2003-2012) within 1.0 mile of the school site to identify any potential safety issues within the walk radius, but away from the main school campus. A total of five bicycle crashes and two pedestrian crashes were reported, with two involving a pedestrian under 18 years old. One crash occurred at the Valley View Road/Chapel Lane intersection at school dismissal and involved a high school aged driver and pedestrian. This location has a number of pedestrian/vehicle conflicts during school dismissal and is an area of safety concern identified by the school, students, parents and residents in the neighborhood.

Observations were conducted at the site in April-May 2013 during the arrival and dismissal periods to evaluate the safety and operations for pedestrians and bicyclist at each school, which are summarized in the following sections.

Valley View Middle School The primary walking and biking routes to and from school were observed to be to and from the east and west along Valley View Road, with the greatest number of students traveling to and from the east. A few also walked to the north, across the fields, towards Creek Valley Elementary School. Students who walked to the west were observed walking from the school building diagonally across the parking lot towards Valley View Road. This is the most direct walking route, but results in pedestrian/vehicle conflicts and safety concerns in the parking lot and at the parking lot exit onto Valley View Road. A trained traffic monitor (school staff) typically directs traffic and assists with pedestrian and bicycle crossings at the Valley View Road/Antrim Road intersection before and after school. Approximately 120 students were observed walking, but less than 10 students were observed bicycling to school. While this is a large number of pedestrians, this represents slightly less than 10 percent of the student population.

19 The school’s east parking lot is used for bus loading and unloading, and the southwest parking lot (near the high school) is designated for family vehicles. Many parents also use the parking lane on the north side of Valley View Road. The queue of vehicles waiting to pick-up students in the parking lot after school often spills out of the parking lot and onto Valley View Road, even when there are parking spaces available in the lot. The large number of school buses exiting the parking lot after school, combined with large volumes of vehicle and pedestrian traffic on Valley View Road result in conflicts, congestion, and the perception of unsafe conditions. There have also been past concerns expressed by parents and students regarding vehicles and buses not stopping at the sidewalk as they exit onto Valley View Road.

Edina High School The primary walking and biking routes to and from school were observed to be to and from the east and west along Valley View Road, similar to Valley View Middle School. The largest number of students traveled to and from the east. A few also walked to the north, across the fields, towards Creek Valley Elementary School. Approximately 100 to 110 students were observed walking, but less than 10 students were observed bicycling to school. This is a smaller number of pedestrians/bicyclists than the middle school, even though the high school has over 40 percent more students, which is most likely due to the large number of students who drive to school.

Students who walked to the west were observed walking from the school building diagonally across the parking lot towards Valley View Road, crossing through the double queue of vehicles waiting to exit the parking lot onto Valley View Road. There were many pedestrian/vehicle and vehicle/vehicle conflicts observed at the high school exit and at the Chapel Lane intersection. Trained traffic monitors (school staff) typically direct traffic and assist with pedestrian and bicycle crossings at the Valley View Road/Tracy Avenue intersection and at the high school driveway exit onto Valley View Road before and after school. During dismissal, the traffic Vehicles queue over the school crossing, causing monitors at the driveway exit stop traffic on pedestrian conflicts and limited sight lines Valley View Road to allow vehicles in the parking lot to exit. This causes vehicles to queue in both directions on Valley View and results in pedestrians crossing Valley View Road at Chapel Lane to cross between the queued westbound vehicles that are queued through the intersection as well as attempting to see a gap in eastbound traffic when those drivers may not be able to see the pedestrian. In addition, there is right-of-way confusion between pedestrians approaching the driveway on the sidewalk and the line of vehicles exiting the parking lot (i.e., pedestrians do not know if the vehicles are going to stop behind the sidewalk). After school, the queue of vehicles waiting to exit the site extended to the north parking lot and took approximately 15 minutes to clear.

20 The school’s east parking lot is used for bus loading and unloading, and the southwest parking lot (near the high school) is designated for family vehicles. Student parking is in the north parking lot and school administration reported that approximately 400 to 440 student parking permits are issued by the high school, representing more than 20 percent of the student population. The primary safety concerns and issues expressed by school staff were related to the dual lane traffic exiting the parking lot onto Valley View Road and also the conflicts between the driveway traffic and the pedestrian crossing of Valley View Road. Policy and Programming

City of Edina As part of the development of this plan, a Safe Routes Working Group was established that includes City of Edina Engineering staff, Edina Transportation Commission (ETC) representatives, Edina School District staff, Bloomington Public Health staff, and an Edina school principal representative. The role of this group is to share information, identify and discuss challenges and opportunities to walking and biking to schools in Edina, and discuss the implementation and prioritization of measures to increase walking and biking to school. The Bike Edina Task Force and the Edina Transportation Commission will continue to play key roles in providing input to the City Council on walking and biking related issues.

The City of Edina has a number of plans and polices in place with specific goals to improve walking and biking in the city. The 2008 City of Edina Comprehensive Plan5 contains 10 transportation goals that lay out the vision and objectives for transportation in the community, several of which can directly or indirectly be tied to the goals of Active Routes to School:

Goal 1. Maintain and enhance mobility for residents and businesses through creation and maintenance of a balanced system of transportation alternatives.

Goal 3. Minimize the impacts of the transportation system on Edina’s environment and neighborhood quality of life.

Goal 7. Provide multiple travel options for transit users, pedestrians, bicyclists, and rideshare users, as well as for drivers of private automobiles.

The Comprehensive Plan also contains policies relevant to the construction of new roadways:

Roadway Design

Policy 4. Design/enhance residential street systems to discourage through traffic and to be compatible with lower speed bicycling and walking. This includes consideration of traffic calming measures on local streets and, in some cases, collector streets.

Policy 5. Design/enhance collector and arterial roadways to minimize through traffic on local streets in the functional classification system, and to be compatible with other transportation modes including transit, bicycle, and pedestrian.

21 Roadway Maintenance and Operation

Policy 8. Complete speed zone studies and establish speed zones for Safe Routes to School.

The PACS fund was approved by the Edina City Council in December 2012 to provide dedicated funding to make the community more walkable and bikeable. Revenue for the PACS is generated by a franchise fee ordinance and will be used exclusively for improvements to the City’s non-motorized transportation network, including sidewalks, trails, and other bicycle infrastructure. The PACS fund may also be used to maintain existing sidewalks, signing, pavement markings, lighting, and pedestrian crossing signals.

The Comprehensive Bicycle Transportation Plan also contains a number of recommendations that support and complement the Active Routes to School program such as creating a bicycle coordinator position within the city, adopting a Complete Streets policy for street design, improving bicycle parking facilities at Edina public schools, and providing recurring bicycle safety training, education, and encouragement programs in Edina schools. The City of Edina has made progress on these recommendations in the creation of a Transportation Planner position to focus on bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure and adopting a Living Streets policy in 2013.

The Comprehensive Plan identifies future sidewalk and bicycle facilities for improvements, which are summarized in Figure 8. The Living Streets Advisory Groups have an important role in prioritizing the improvements identified in the City’s Comprehensive Plan, Bicycle Plan, and this Active Routes to School Plan.

However, one of the challenges to implementation of these policies and projects is public opposition. On several past projects in the city, construction of new sidewalks was opposed by residents and was ultimately removed from the proposed projects. In a 2013 survey6, a majority of residents indicated there are “about the right amount” of sidewalks (58 percent of respondents) and trails/bikeways (83 percent of respondents). Yet the most common issue and concern expressed by school administration and parents is the lack of sidewalk infrastructure to schools. This conflict in public perception is an issue that will continue to be a challenge to implementation of new infrastructure to support walking and biking in Edina.

Edina Public Schools The Edina School District established a Wellness Policy in 2008 that addresses nutrition guidelines, nutrition education, physical activity, and parent education. Although it does not specifically address walking or biking to school, several of the policy statements align well with the goals of the ARTS program:

II. General Statements of Policy

A. The school board recognizes that nutrition education and physical education are essential components of the educational process and that good health fosters student attendance and education. B. The school environment should promote and protect students’ health, wellbeing, and ability to learn by encouraging healthy eating and physical activity.

22 D. Children need access to healthy foods and opportunities to be physically active in order to grow, learn, and thrive. E. All students will have opportunities, support, and encouragement to be physically active on a regular basis.

In addition, the Guidelines within the Wellness Policy provide support for physical activity outside of the school day:

III. Guidelines

E. Communication with Parents

2. The school district will support parents’ efforts to provide a healthy diet and daily physical activity for their children.

4. The school district will provide information about physical education and other school-based physical activity opportunities and will support parents’ efforts to provide their children with opportunities to be physically active outside of school.

The School District also has a Wellness Committee that includes the director of business services, the manager of food services, the director of teaching and learning, the coordinator of health services, and at least three parent representatives. However, there is not a representative of the Transportation Services Department included on the committee.

A number of localized ARTS activities have also been occurring at the individual school sites, such as participation in International Walk to School Day in the fall and National Bike to School Day in the spring, and hosting of a bike rodeo. Most of the schools have bicycle parking available and the elementary schools operate a school patrol to provide for safe crossings immediately next to the school but the school patrol consists of students which is not a best practice. However, there are not currently district- wide ARTS activities or walking/biking curriculum, and there are varying degrees of infrastructure, support, and encouragement for walking and biking among the various school sites within the district. Recommendations While it is not feasible for all students to walk or bike to school, the goal of the ARTS plan is to implement policies and infrastructure that make it safer and encourage students to walk or bike if and when they are able. The following sections and Figures 9-14 present recommendations to increase walking and biking to schools in Edina. The implementation timeline for each recommendation has been identified (short-term, mid-term, long-term, or on-going) as well as identifying the agencies or organizations that would most appropriately take the lead in implementation. The recommendations identified as short-term are generally actions that could be implemented in the next two years, mid- term improvements are generally considered to require two to four years to implement, and long-term recommendations are expected to require more than four years. Recommendations considered to be long-term may also trigger other processes such as policy changes or identification of significant funding sources. In some cases, the recommendations in this plan support or reiterate projects or recommendations already contained within the Comprehensive Transportation Plan.

23 Short-Term Improvements . Improve bicycle parking at Edina High School/Valley View Middle School and Highlands Elementary School. These two school sites were identified as having the most immediate needs for improvements in bicycle parking. The school sites currently have bicycle racks that are in poor condition and not well-located for convenience and security. Racks should be installed in paved areas that are visible and proximate to the main entrances of the schools. A fenced and monitored bicycle corral could also be considered at the same time for the high school and middle school, or this could be Example of a bicycle corral at Richfield Middle School implemented as a later phase. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. . Address safety and traffic issues on Valley View Road at Edina High School/ Valley View Middle School. Site observations and stakeholder input identified this area as one of the most significant safety concerns in the city. There are multiple conflicting priorities at both sites including bus traffic, parent vehicle queuing, student vehicle parking and traffic, pedestrians, and bicyclists. These issues are complex and although there have been past efforts to improve the conditions, they have not resolved the safety concerns. The City and School District should convene a group of stakeholders to discuss and attempt to find solutions to improve safety for all users of the site. Implementation lead: City of Edina and Edina School District. . Provide enforcement in school zones. Zones establishing lower speed limits around schools were installed in 2009 following a comprehensive study of the school sites in Edina. Some of these locations continue to have driver behavior issues such as failure to yield to pedestrians and speed violations. Regular enforcement and issuing of warnings or citations to drivers that exhibit unsafe behavior or travel even a few miles per hour above the posted school speed limit is one way to improve driver behavior and educate drivers. Minnesota state law currently prohibits texting or accessing the Internet while operating a vehicle for all drivers, and bans the use of cell phones (talking or texting) for drivers under 18 years old. The city could consider enacting an ordinance that would further restrict use of cell phones (talking or texting) while driving within school zones. Other states and cities that have implemented this type of statute or ordinance include Texas, Arkansas, Illinois, and Kenosha, Wisconsin. Additional research would need to be done to determine whether such an ordinance is allowable under current Minnesota state law. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Create a pedestrian and bicycle safety public education campaign. Many drivers, pedestrians, and bicyclists do not know or need to be reminded of basic safety rules and practices, such as parking near crosswalks and yielding to pedestrians in crosswalks. Campaigns that educate or remind drivers of their responsibilities and rights in keeping bicyclists and pedestrians safe and in following the

24 rules of the road, combined with enforcement of those rules, will benefit all users. Implementation lead: City of Edina and Edina Public Schools, with support from Bloomington Public Health. . Monitor ARTS performance on at least an annual basis, including the use of student travel tallies and other measurements. The travel tallies provide an easy way to track changes in walking and biking and this data is also needed to support funding applications. Other measures that could be utilized are performance on physical fitness tests, safety data such as pedestrian and bicycle crashes, or traffic congestion and parking on school sites. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools and City of Edina, with support from Bloomington Public Health. . Establish a permanent Edina Active Routes to School Working Group. The purpose of the Active Routes working group would be to provide on-going support and organization for walking and biking activities, as well as maintain communication and coordination among each of the agencies that have a role in walking and biking to school (City, School District, Public Travel Tally form created by the National Center for Health, etc.). Some potential activities that the Safe Routes to School working group may want to consider are planning of a Walk/Bike to School Day, organizing a family walking/biking even outside the school day, and preparation of funding applications. The working group should also lead and assist in future goal-setting for ARTS, such as percentage of students walking and biking to each school and district- wide. Implementation lead: City of Edina and Edina Public Schools. . Conduct a study of pedestrian and bicycle routes and connectivity in southeast Edina. Some key barriers to walking and biking to school in southeast Edina are due to the limited number, condition, and accessibility of facilities to cross TH 62 and TH 100. A larger study of this area is needed to identify the preferred location and design for new or improved facilities in this area to provide routes and connect to schools and other community destinations. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Continue or initiate site-level walking and biking activities. The most successful Active Routes programs have site-level champions and leaders that engage teachers, parents, and students in walking and biking activities on an on-going basis. The champion could be a principal, teacher, or parent and consideration should be given to involving these leaders in the Edina Active Routes to School Working Group. Site-level programs and activities could include holding designated weekly or monthly walk/bike to school days, training and scheduling of adult crossing guards, initiation of walking school buses or bicycle trains, organization of classroom competitions for number of miles walked/biked, or similar ideas to encourage increased walking and biking. As part of these activities, additional student surveys could be utilized to identify why students do not currently walk or bike

25 and what incentives might influence them. Particularly at the middle and high school levels, these types of activities can be initiated or led by student councils or “green” teams. Additional ideas and resources are available from the National Center for Safe Routes to School, which is included in the Resources section of this plan. Implementation lead: Edina School District. . Develop a walking and biking section of the school district website. Walking and biking should be treated as equal transportation alternatives to riding the school bus. The webpage should list pedestrian and bicycle safety rules and tips and could also contain the school walk/bike maps. The school district’s page should also be coordinated and linked to the city’s webpage listing walking and bicycling resources. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools, with support from Bloomington Public Health . . Establish a citywide policy for crosswalk markings. Minnesota state statute 169.21 states that drivers must stop for pedestrians in a marked or unmarked crosswalk. There are many unmarked crosswalks in Edina, as Example of walking/biking section of Minneapolis Public well as crosswalks marked in one of several Schools website styles, including parallel lines (also referred to as transverse markings), zebra (also known as continental markings), and patterned. The zebra crosswalks are considered to be high visibility markings, and have been shown in studies to be detected by drivers further in advance of parallel markings7 and may improve pedestrian safety at intersections8. However, the high visibility markings are also more costly to install and maintain.

Examples of marked crosswalk types

A policy establishing criteria for installation and standardization of marked crosswalks and high visibility markings across the entire city should be created, with locations such as mid-block

26 crossings and school patrolled crossings identified as prioritized locations for high visibility markings. Per the standards in the Minnesota Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MN MUTCD) and guidance from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), patterned pavements or markings must have two white parallel lines to be considered a marked crosswalk. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Incorporate specific language regarding walking and biking to school into the school district wellness policy. The language of the current policy could be strengthened to encourage walking and biking to school as having health benefits, as well as environmental benefits around the school. Having this type of policy can also mitigate potential liability concerns. Several example policies are provided below. The Minnesota Public Health Law Center also has resources and training available to help address this issue, including a summary of liability for schools. This document has been included in the Resources section of the Appendix. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. o National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity: The school district will assess and, if necessary and to the extent possible, make needed improvements to make it safer and easier for students to walk and bike to school. When appropriate, the district will work together with local public works, public safety, and/or police departments in those efforts. The school district will explore the availability of federal "safe routes to school" funds, administered by the state department of transportation, to finance such improvements. o Clinton Central School District, New York: Clinton Central School District will work with school board members, parents, and local public works and police personnel to implement a “SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL” program in support of walking/biking to school. o Marin County Office of Education, California: While Marin County has a number of transportation concerns, there has been increasing funding in the County to improve routes for safe walking and biking. Districts should encourage parents and students to walk and bike to school where safe routes are available and assist parents in organizing adult supervised groups. Parent and student groups may also consider assessing walking and biking access to their school and apply for funding to improve this access . Modify city ordinance language to allow bicycling on sidewalks. Current city ordinance prohibits bicycle riding on sidewalks anywhere in the city. However, guidance by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) suggests that children aged 10 and under do not have the judgment and skills to ride on the roadway. Even many high school aged and adult bicyclists do not feel comfortable riding in an on-street facility, particularly on higher volume roadways or where there is not a dedicated bicycle facility. Most municipalities in Minnesota and nationwide do not prohibit riding bicycles on sidewalks, except in specific areas with high pedestrian volumes such as central business districts. To improve the ability for bicyclists of all abilities to comfortably travel through the city, the existing ordinance should be modified to allow for bicycling on sidewalks subject to several conditions including yielding to pedestrians, riding at lower speeds, and not riding on sidewalks where posted. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Incorporate walking and bicycling safety education into the physical education curriculum. Walking and bicycling safely are life-long skills for a healthy lifestyle. Students should receive education and training about how to safely walk and bicycle to school, with or without sidewalks, as well as how to safely cross at intersections. Examples of physical education curricula are found in the Resources section of this plan. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools.

27 Mid-Term Improvements . Create a program to improve bicycle parking at all schools. Many of the existing bicycle racks on the school sites are poorly located and are older style racks that provide less secure parking. These should be systematically replaced over the next five years. Bicycle corrals should be considered for the middle school and high school sites, which have the greatest potential for high bicycle mode share. In addition, bicycle parking capacity should be increased to meet the criteria of one bicycle parking space per 10 students. A funding stream would need to be identified to complete the systematic replacement and enhancement of bicycle parking at all school sites. Implementation lead: Edina Public New bicycle parking at Creek Valley Elementary Schools. . Designate a district ARTS coordinator. Individual school sites need support to plan and implement walking and biking education and activities. Coordination of resources and events across the district will maximize the effectiveness of these efforts, as well as providing a single point of contact for school administration and other agencies such as the City of Edina and Bloomington Public Health. The ARTS coordinator would be able to assist schools in implementing encouragement activities such as walking school buses, remote pick-up/drop-off, and walking/biking events. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. . Improve the surface and maintenance of the trail connection from Creek Valley Road to Valley View Middle School and Edina High School. The existing trail provides a very direct connection to the middle and high schools, but would be usable for more students if it was widened, repaved, and was also maintained during the winter. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. . Construct pedestrian ramps at the school crossing at W 72nd Street/Oaklawn Avenue. The intersection lacks pedestrian ramps, which are needed for accessibility for all pedestrians. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Evaluate effectiveness of school speed zone signing and establish city policy for use of school speed zones. The currently posted school speed zones are all signed to be in effect “When Children Are Present”. Past studies have drawn nd The school crossing on W 72 Street near Cornelia differing conclusions on the driver Elementary lacks pedestrian ramps

28 response to this type of static signing, static signing stating the times the speed zone was in effect, and/or the inclusion of flashers. However, many of the other studies were conducted on high speed (greater than 45 mph) roadways. Evaluating the speed zone compliance and effect of signing and flashers within Edina should be used to determine the appropriate city-wide standard for existing and any new school speed zones. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. Long-Term Improvements . Reconstruct and narrow the driveways at Cornelia Elementary School. The existing driveways onto Cornelia Drive are both very wide and results in a vehicle/pedestrian conflicts and right-of-way confusion. The driveways should be reconstructed to shorten the crossing distances for pedestrians. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools. . Construct sidewalk on W 58th Street east of Wooddale Avenue. The city’s Comprehensive Plan identified sidewalk to be constructed on W 58th Street all the way to France Avenue. W 58th Street is already a primary route for South View Middle School students, and extending the existing sidewalk east of Wooddale Avenue will continue to improve connectivity and routes to the school. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk connection from Ayrshire Boulevard to Highlands Elementary School. Highlands Elementary students that live in the neighborhood east and north of the school along Ayrshire Boulevard within ¼ mile of the school, but due to the lack of direct roadway or sidewalk route, either walk between residential homes and through the wooded area next to the school, or walk more than ½ mile to school with part of the route along the heavily traveled Vernon Avenue. An easement should be pursued in order to build a direct and more comfortable sidewalk connection from Highlands Elementary to the neighborhoods surrounding the school. Implementation lead: Edina Public Schools and City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk or trail on Interlachen Boulevard. A trail was previously proposed along Interlachen Boulevard in 2006, but was not approved, and this sidewalk segment was removed from the city’s Comprehensive plan. Interlachen Boulevard, although not serving as a direct route to a school site, is one of the few opportunities for a direct east-west route in the northern part of the city. This sidewalk or trail segment could also then be connected to Highlands Elementary School via Mirror Lakes Drive and Highlands Park. The primary segment that would most benefit Highlands Elementary would be from Summit Avenue to Rolling Green Parkway or Bywood West, with the remaining segment to the west considered as a secondary priority. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk on Cornelia Drive from W 70th Street to W 66th Street. Sidewalk on Cornelia Drive currently ends just north of W 70th Street, and does not connect to Lake Cornelia Park or the existing sidewalk on W 66th Street. This segment of sidewalk was previously removed from the sidewalk plan in the city’s Comprehensive Plan, but is an important north-south sidewalk link between France Avenue and TH 100. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk connection on Oaklawn Avenue to Cornelia Elementary School. This segment of sidewalk is identified in the city’s Comprehensive Plan and would complete the sidewalk network from the Parklawn neighborhood to Cornelia Elementary. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk connection from Oaklawn Avenue to Parklawn Avenue near Cornelia Elementary School. Cornelia Elementary students that live in the multi-family housing along

29 Parklawn Avenue are within ½ mile of the school, but due to the lack of direct roadway or sidewalk route, must walk approximately one mile to school with part of the route along the heavily traveled France Avenue. An easement should be pursued in order to build a direct and more comfortable sidewalk connection from Parklawn Avenue to Oaklawn Avenue, which would benefit not only Cornelia Elementary students but also members of the community that use Cornelia School Park. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk on Claremore Drive, Kellogg Avenue, and Wooddale Avenue near Cornelia Elementary School. These sidewalk segments are identified in the city’s Comprehensive Plan and would improve accessibility and connectivity to the neighborhoods west of Cornelia Elementary. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk on Valley View Road, Potential sidewalk connection from Parklawn Avenue to Tracy Avenue, and Gleason Road. Oaklawn Avenue These roadways are planned for repaving in the city’s capital improvement program and are also identified for future sidewalk in the Comprehensive Plan. The sidewalk should be implemented along with the roadway projects, improving the connectivity between Creek Valley Elementary School, Valley View Middle School, and Edina High School and the neighborhoods south and west of the schools. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk on Sun Road, Arbour Avenue, and Olinger Boulevard near Countryside Elementary School. These roadways are planned for repaving in the city’s capital improvement program and are also identified for future sidewalk in the Comprehensive Plan. The sidewalk should be implemented along with the roadway projects, improving the connectivity between the school and the neighborhoods south and west of the school. Implementation lead: City of Edina. . Construct sidewalk on Benton Avenue adjacent to Countryside Elementary School. There is currently no sidewalk along Benton Avenue in front of the school, although it is shown in the city’s Comprehensive Plan as future sidewalk. The existing walking/bicycling route to the east the school includes a set of stairs to reach Tracy Avenue, which is a challenge for bicyclists or mobility-impaired pedestrians. The sidewalk on Benton Avenue in front of the school would provide an alternate route for these users. Implementation lead: City of Edina.

30 Funding and Implementation Funding for the various recommended projects may come from a variety of sources depending on the type of project and who is implementing it. Some potential funding opportunities that currently exist and may be used to fund these recommendations include, but are not limited to:

. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota . Mini-grants through the National Center for Safe Routes to School . Federal Transportation Enhancement (TE) funds administered through the Metropolitan Council . Safe Routes to School funds administered through the Minnesota Department of Transportation . Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety Fund

Over the past four years, Minnesota Statewide Health Improvement Program (SHIP) funds have been administered by the Minnesota Department of Health through cities and counties around the state in the form of Safe Routes to School grants, Active Living grants, and assistance with preparing grant applications for other programs. These funds may be available in some form in the future, and continued communications between school districts, cities, and counties will help identify opportunities and needs for funding in the future.

No one of the E’s of Safe Routes to School will by itself increase walking and biking, which emphasizes the need for cooperation among school, city, county and other agencies in the implementation of the recommendations identified in this plan. The process used to develop this plan is only the start of on- going efforts that will be needed to result in cultural changes and significant increases in walking and biking.

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Number in walk zone: 58 students A Rolf Ave Æó Bike Racks

Tingdal

Wilryan Ave

Mildred Ave 64th St Millers Ln Rose Ct Concord Elementary Speed Zone Enrollment: 730 students

Ryan Ave Ryan

ParnellAve 64th St Half Mile Radius Number in walk zone: 158 students Shore

Josephine Ave

0450900225 Feet Figure 2. Concord & Normandale Elementary and ± South View Middle School Existing Conditions Map èéíìë 65th St Enrollment: 551 students 64th St Legend Number in walk zone: 165 students Lake èéíìë Signal Parnell Ave Parnell Cornelia All-Way Stop

Park !"$ Ave Drew Signed Pedestrian Crossing 66th St 89:w èéíìë Marked School Crossing School Patrolled Intersection Lake Cornelia Sidewalks Southcrest Dr On Street Bicycle Facility Off Street Trail Brittany Rd Brittany èéíìë Æó Bike Racks Laguna Dr Speed Zone

68th St Southdale Rd Half Mile Radius Roycar Rd

Balfanz Rd France Ave èéíìë Upper Ter

Hillcrest Ln Point Dr Wilford Way èéíìë 69th St

Dawson Ln Creston Rd Enhanced crosswalks

nelia Dr nelia Valley View Rd

France Ave

Cor Shore Dr Galleria èéíìë 89:w èéíìë 70th St èéíìë

lvd Arneson Acres Cornelia Elementary B Park Andover Rd High traffic volumes

Heatherton Trl

nm Bristol and speeding concerns Mavelle Dr Belvidere Ln Æó èéíìë Hazelton Rd Kellogg Ave Pedestrian/vehicle Claremore Dr conflicts at driveways Aspasia Cir Dunham Dr

Larkspur Ln Dun 72nd St ham Dr !"$ !"$ Bristo

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Trillium Ln

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Fondell Dr

Glouchester Dr

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# School route gap

GallagherD Hibiscus Ave # Parklawn Ave

Lake Ave Kellogg èéíìë Edina Sedum Ln

Plaza Dr rklawn Ct Pa Poppy Ln Lake Edina Park

76th St èéíìë 0310 620 1,240 Feet Figure 3. Cornelia Elementary ± Existing Conditions Map Pine Grove Rd Ayrshire Blvd Enrollment: 584 students

Number in walk zone: 137 students Ayrshire Blvd Pkwy Legend

Highlands Elementary Dundee Rd Dundee nm èéíìë Signal Glengarry All-Way Stop Idylwood Dr !"$ Chantrey Rd Æó Glenbrae Cir Signed Pedestrian Crossing Mirror Lakes Dr 89:w Windsor Ave

Highwood Dr Marked School Crossing Saxony Rd School Patrolled Intersection Gate Park Rd

MerrittCir Sidewalks GoyaLn Ln Leslee On Street Bicycle Facility èéíìë Off Street Trail

Dr s GardenBike Racks e Æó ParkSpeed Zone Hawkes Ridge Park Rd 56th St Kaymar Dr Hawk 89:w Half Mile Radius Heather LnHeather Lake e Eden Prairie Rd Vernon Av Vernon Ln 89:w Johnson Dr Berne Cir Warden Ave

Merold Dr 89:w Dale Ave Dale

d Ave

Blake Rd Grove St

acy Tr Grove St

Olinger R

Wycliffe Rd Enhanced

89:w Garden Ave Amy Dr crosswalks

Stuart Ave Stuart Benton Ave Arbour Ave !"$ Benton Ave Sherman Cir

Hansen Rd Æó nm Countryside Elementary Æó

Sun Rd Countryside Rd 60th St

Olinger Cir Highland Rd Birchcrest Park Forslin Dr 61st St Hunter St

61st St

Jeff Pl Crescent Dr Bredesen Hansen Rd Birchcrest Dr Park Ridgeway Rd

Olinger Blvd 62nd St Wyma

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62 rthfield Ave

Ridgeview D Ave 64th St Doron Ln Limerick Ln

0310 620 1,240 Feet Figure 4. Countryside Elementary ± Existing Conditions Map Aspen Rd

Sun Rd

haefer Rd haefer WalnutDr

Sc View Ln View

Olinger Rd Olinger Cir Vernon Ave

Ta ma rac Av e Gla

Killarney Ln Killarney

cier Pl Polar Cir Bredesen 61st St Park Olinger Blvd

Jeff Pl

Krahl Hill Arctic Way

Gleason Ct Oriole Ln Vernon Hills Rd Sandpiper Ct

McCauley Trl Villa Ln

Gleason Rd Falcon CtRed F McIntyre Pt 62 ox Ct

Timber Trl Creek Valley School Park

Rdg Timber !"$ Creek Valley Elementary Nordic Cir High traffic nm d volumes Æó Vehicles queue onto Creek Valley Rd Gleason Rd during pick-up !"$ Heights Park Enhanced Balder Ln crosswalks Æó Blackfoot Pass

Indian Hills Rd

Nordic Dr dia Rd dia

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Creek Valley Rd Dakota Trl Æó

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0310 620 1,240 Feet Figure 5. Creek Valley Elementary ± Existing Conditions Map Bywood St

Hollywood Rd erAve

ork Ave Coop Interlachen Blvd

Merilane Ave

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achenCir Interl

mit mit Ave Interlachen Blf Interlachen Skyline Dr

William Ave

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Bedford Ave Bedford

ankerson

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Gate Park Rd

MerrittCir

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Vernon Ave 56th St èéíìë High traffic volumes

and speeding concerns Warwick

Hawkes Ridge Park Rd Melody Hawkes Dr 89:w Heather Ln Lake Garden Lake Park M Vernon Ln 89:w elody Ln

Merold Dr Warden Ave Legend Ave Code

89:w Johnson Dr Dale Ave Dale èéíìë Traffic Signal Grove St All-Way GroveStop St

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Hansen Rd Countryside Elementary Æónm Off Street Trail Code A Æó Æó Bike Racks 59th St Enrollment: 555 students Speed Zone NumberSun Rd in walk zone: 67 students Countryside Rd Half Mile Radius 60th St

0 310620 1,240 Feet Figure 6. Highlands Elementary ± Existing Conditions Map !"$

Hillside Rd Sandpiper Countryside Park Ct

Villa Ln Colonial Way TracyAve

Falcon CtRed Fox Ct 62

Creek Valley School Park Valley View Rd

!"$ Creek Valley Elementary Sidewalk Doron Dr Doron Ln nm Nordic Cir Cherokee Trl gap

Æó Valley L Navaho Trl !"$ Creek Valley Rd Heights Park de Ct Balder Ln Lake Hillsi Locklear

Æó 66th St Nordic Dr 66th

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Pedestrian/vehicle High traffic volumes and congestion before

conflicts Brook Dr TracyAve and after school Gleason RdGleason Cir 69th St McGuire ksLn Park Erin Ter

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Saint Antrim Rd Antrim

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Traffic Signal 54th St Richmond Ln Richmond Dr Edenmoor St Golf Ter All-Way Stop

Lakeview Dr KelloggAve Windsor Ave Concor Signed Pedestrian Crossing

Marked School Crossing

Lake d Ave School Patrolled 55thIntersection St Kent Ave Harvey Oak Dr Sidewalks

Code Ave Brookview Ave On Street Bicycle Facility Lexington Ave e Lexington Ave 56th St Off Street Trail

100 Proposed Sidewalks ohnsAv Proposed Priority RegionalOaklawnAve Trail 56th St Yvonne Ter Ave s Proposed Primary Bicycle Route

Melody SaintJ

ndaleRd Kellogg Pl Lake Proposed Secondary Bicycle Route Normandale Ct

To w er S t Bike Racks

orma

Dalrymple Rd Dalrymple N

Melody Ln Ave Sherwood

South View Ln SaintAndrew Speed Zone Melody Half Mile Radius Woodland Rd Lake Park Normandale Elementary Improve bicycle parking Grove St Philbrook Ln Eastview Dr South View Middle School 58th St 58th St

WooddaleAve ord Ave ord

Code Ave Code

gdale A

Concord Elementary Ave ookview Conc

Benton Ave Br Tin Implement planned sidewalk

ormand 59th St 59th St 59th St

ale Rd Ave Ashcroft Ave

60th St School Rd

Fairfax Ave Fairfax KelloggAve 60th St

Clover Rdg Johns Saint aklawnAve

Porter Ln O

Birchcrest Dr 61st St

61st St Valley View Rd iew Rd V y

62nd St Valle 62nd St Virginia Ln ParnellAve 62nd St Ave Ryan 62nd St Rolf Ave 62nd St

JohnsAve

Roberts Pl Ave Sain Garrison Ryan Ln

63rd St Parnell Ave

nia Ave nia Southview Middle School 63rd St 63rd St Nancy Ln

Enrollment: 1,294 students Virgi BrookviewAve Number in walk zone: 250 students

Ave

Normandale Elementary SchoolAve 62

Enrollment: 639 students an Ashcroft Ln Ashcroft Number in walk zone: 58 students Ave

Rolf Ave

Tingdale Ct Wilry

Mildred Ave 64th St Millers Ln Rose Concord Elementary Enrollment: 730 students

Ryan A Ryan

ParnellAve 64th St Number in walk zone: 158 students Shore Dr

Josephine

0450900225 Feet Figure 9. Concord & Normandale Elementary and South View Middle School Recommendations Map èéíìë 65th St Enrollment: 551 students 64th St Legend Number in walk zone: 165 students Lake Signal

Parnell Ave Parnell èéíìë Cornelia All-Way Stop Park !"$ Ave Drew 66th St 89:w Signedèéíìë Pedestrian Crossing Marked School Crossing

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Plaza Dr rklawn Ct Pa Poppy Ln Lake Edina Park 76th St èéíìë 0 310620 1,240 Feet Figure 10. Cornelia Elementary ± Recommendations Map Pine Grove Rd Ayrshire BlvdLegend Enrollment: 584 students

Ayrshire Blvd Pkwy Number in walk zone: 137 students èéíìë Signal

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Hansen Rd Æó nm Countryside Elementary Æó Sun Rd Countryside Rd 60th St Construct sidewalk as part of planned roadway project Olinger Cir Highland Rd Birchcrest Park Forslin Dr 61st St Hunter St

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Sc View Ln View

Olinger Rd Olinger Cir Vernon Ave

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Æó Bicycle Racks S Enrollment: 607 students Speed Zone Dublin Ci Number in walk zone: 62 students Half Mile Radius Rd Antrim Paiute Dr Shawnee Cir r

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Stuart Ave Stuart Benton Ave Arbour Ave Arbour !"$ Benton Ave Proposed Primary Bicycle Route

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0310 620 1,240 Feet Figure 13. Highlands Elementary ± Recommendations Map !"$

Hillside Rd Sandpiper Countryside Park Ct

Villa Ln Colonial Way TracyAve

Falcon CtRed Fox Ct 62

Creek Valley School Park Valley View Rd

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Æó Valley L Navaho Trl !"$ Creek Valley Rd Heights Install bike corral de Ct Park Hillsi Balder Ln Lake Locklear

Æó 66th St Nordic Dr 66th

Edina High School Grace Ter Indian Hills Rd Rd Scandia nm Galway Dr Cheyenne Trl Gleason Ter Æó Creek Valley Rd Lois Ln Saint Albans Cir Æó Valley View Middle School nm Susan Ave Æó Indianhead Improve bicycle parking Lake Valley View Rd

!"$ Rosemary Ln !"$ Rd

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89:w Rd Antrim

Marked School Crossing Cir Weston 70th St School Patrolled Intersection Scotia Dr Mark Terrace D Sidewalks

On Street Bicycle Facility Tupa Dr Kerry Rd

Off Street Trail Dublin Rd Dublin Proposed SidewalksBraeburn Cir Antrim Ct Proposed Priority Regional Trail Edina High School Proposed Primary Bicycle Route Down Rd exford Rd Enrollment: 1,951 students ProposedLoch Secondary Moor Dr Bicycle Route W

Shann Number in walk zone: 190 students Æó Bicycle Racks Speed Zone Valley View Middle School on Dr Enrollment: 1,362 students Half Mile Radius Dr Fleetwood Number in walkLanhamLn zone: 236 students Braemar Blvd alee Dr 0230 460 920 Feet Figure 14. Valley View Middle and ± Edina High School Recommendations Map Appendix

A-1 Student Travel Tally Results Modes To/From School (Fall 2012) Family School Walk Bike School Bus Carpool Other Vehicle AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM AM PM Concord 5% 10% 6% 6% 55% 56% 30% 25% 4% 3% 0% 0% Elementary Cornelia 8% 11% 5% 5% 48% 47% 28% 25% 2% 3% 9% 9% Elementary Countryside 10% 11% 2% 2% 46% 49% 41% 35% 1% 3% 0% 0% Elementary Creek Valley 5% 6% 6% 6% 60% 60% 28% 26% 1% 2% 0% 0% Elementary Highlands 3% 5% 0% 0% 59% 63% 35% 27% 3% 4% 0% 1% Elementary Normandale 4% 7% 1% 2% 66% 50% 28% 35% 1% 3% 0% 3% Elementary South View 6% 12% 1% 0% 57% 57% 32% 28% 2% 0% 2% 3% Middle School Valley View 9% 16% 1% 2% 59% 60% 29% 20% 2% 2% 0% 0% Middle School Average 7% 9% 3% 3% 56% 55% 31% 28% 2% 3% 1% 2%

A-2 Parent Survey Results Number of Survey School Responses Concord Elementary 66 Cornelia Elementary 27 Countryside Elementary 38 Creek Valley Elementary 27 Highlands Elementary 22 Normandale Elementary 41 South View Middle School 48 Valley View Middle School 57 Edina High School 38 Total 364

Question 1. What is the grade of the child who brought home this survey? School PK K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Concord 0% 10% 10% 20% 17% 26% 17% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Cornelia 11% 4% 15% 30% 18% 15% 7% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Countryside 5% 16% 21% 3% 21% 29% 3% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Creek Valley 0% 7% 7% 19% 26% 26% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Highlands 4% 18% 27% 14% 18% 5% 14% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Normandale 0% 15% 15% 15% 12% 15% 24% 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% Elementary South View 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 4% 29% 29% 19% 17% 0% 0% 0% Middle School Valley View 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 30% 23% 35% 12% 0% 0% 0% Middle School Edina High 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3% 0% 34% 21% 42% School Average 2% 7% 9% 10% 11% 13% 9% 9% 8% 8% 4% 4% 2% 4%

A-3 Question 2. Is the child who brought home this survey male or female? School Male Female Concord Elementary 65% 35% Cornelia Elementary 44% 56% Countryside Elementary 39% 61% Creek Valley Elementary 59% 41% Highlands Elementary 59% 41% Normandale Elementary 46% 54% South View Middle School 52% 48% Valley View Middle School 58% 42% Edina High School 45% 55% Average 53% 47%

Question 3. How many children do you have in Kindergarten through 8th grade? School 012345+ Concord Elementary 0% 26% 42% 27% 5% 0% Cornelia Elementary 7% 45% 44% 4% 0% 0% Countryside Elementary 5% 42% 37% 10% 3% 3% Creek Valley Elementary 0% 15% 59% 22% 4% 0% Highlands Elementary 5% 59% 18% 18% 0% 0% Normandale Elementary 0% 34% 49% 12% 5% 0% South View Middle School 8% 37% 40% 15% 0% 0% Valley View Middle School 7% 39% 46% 5% 3% 0% Edina High School 76% 16% 5% 0% 0% 3% Average 12% 34% 39% 13% 2% 1%

A-4 Question 6. On most days, how does your child arrive and leave for school?

Arrive to School Family Carpool Other Vehicle (children (skateboard, School (only Transit School Walk Bike from scooter, Bus children in (city bus) other inline skates, your families) etc.) family) Concord Elementary 8% 5% 65% 20% 3% 0% 0% Cornelia Elementary 19% 0% 56% 19% 0% 0% 4% Countryside 24% 3% 39% 32% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Creek Valley 7% 4% 67% 22% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Highlands Elementary 0% 0% 73% 27% 0% 0% 0% Normandale 0% 0% 71% 27% 2% 0% 0% Elementary South View Middle 6% 8% 58% 27% 0% 0% 0% School Valley View Middle 12% 4% 58% 25% 2% 0% 0% School Edina High School 8% 0% 32% 29% 29% 0% 0% Average 9% 3% 57% 25% 4% 0% 0% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

A-5 Question 6 (continued). On most days, how does your child arrive and leave for school?

Leave from School Family Carpool Other Vehicle (children (skateboard, School (only Transit School Walk Bike from scooter, Bus children in (city bus) other inline skates, your families) etc.) family) Concord Elementary 12% 3% 67% 18% 0% 0% 0% Cornelia Elementary 26% 0% 56% 11% 0% 0% 4% Countryside 26% 0% 42% 29% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Creek Valley 7% 4% 56% 33% 0% 0% 0% Elementary Highlands Elementary 0% 0% 73% 27% 0% 0% 0% Normandale 0% 0% 66% 29% 5% 0% 0% Elementary South View Middle 13% 8% 69% 10% 0% 0% 0% School Valley View Middle 19% 4% 63% 12% 2% 0% 0% School Edina High School 3% 5% 24% 21% 42% 0% 3% Average 12% 3% 58% 20% 5% 0% 1% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

A-6 Question 7. How long does it normally take your child to get to/from school?

Travel Time to School 5-10 11-20 More than School < 5 minutes Don't know minutes minutes 20 minutes Concord Elementary 30% 41% 29% 0% 0% Cornelia Elementary 41% 26% 22% 0% 4% Countryside Elementary 29% 37% 16% 8% 3% Creek Valley Elementary 26% 41% 30% 4% 0% Highlands Elementary 9% 23% 64% 0% 5% Normandale Elementary 20% 20% 22% 37% 0% South View Middle School 23% 42% 33% 2% 0% Valley View Middle School 14% 37% 39% 7% 4% Edina High School 5% 39% 42% 11% 0% Average 22% 35% 32% 8% 1% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

Travel Time From School < 5 5-10 11-20 More than School Don't know minutes minutes minutes 20 minutes Concord Elementary 29% 36% 30% 5% 0% Cornelia Elementary 26% 22% 30% 11% 4% Countryside Elementary 29% 32% 26% 5% 0% Creek Valley Elementary 26% 26% 37% 11% 0% Highlands Elementary 14% 18% 59% 5% 5% Normandale Elementary 20% 20% 22% 37% 0% South View Middle School 10% 46% 40% 4% 0% Valley View Middle School 7% 32% 51% 7% 4% Edina High School 8% 34% 42% 13% 0% Average 18% 31% 37% 10% 1% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

A-7 Question 8. Has your child asked you for permission to walk or bike to/from school in the last year? School Yes No Concord Elementary 77% 23% Cornelia Elementary 56% 37% Countryside Elementary 53% 39% Creek Valley Elementary 74% 26% Highlands Elementary 36% 64% Normandale Elementary 34% 63% South View Middle School 79% 21% Valley View Middle School 56% 44% Edina High School 37% 61% Average 58% 40% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

Question 9. At what grade would you allow your child to walk or bike to/from school without an adult? School PK K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9+ Concord Elementary 0% 1% 1% 0% 6% 35% 27% 14% 8% 5% 3% Cornelia Elementary 0% 0% 0% 4% 19% 15% 26% 7% 7% 4% 11% Countryside Elementary 0% 11% 5% 3% 16% 8% 18% 13% 5% 3% 11% Creek Valley Elementary 0% 0% 4% 11% 18% 26% 19% 11% 4% 0% 7% Highlands Elementary 0% 0% 0% 0% 9% 14% 9% 14% 18% 4% 32% Normandale Elementary 0% 0% 0% 5% 8% 20% 23% 15% 10% 0% 20% South View Middle School 0% 2% 0% 2% 6% 17% 21% 21% 17% 12% 2% Valley View Middle School 0% 0% 2% 2% 3% 23% 14% 32% 2% 3% 19% Edina High School 3% 3% 0% 5% 11% 8% 13% 26% 11% 3% 16% Average 0% 2% 1% 3% 9% 20% 20% 18% 9% 4% 12% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

A-8 Question 10. What of the following issues affected your decision to allow, or not allow, your child to walk or bike to/from school? or climate Weather or crime Violence guards Crossing Safety of intersections and crossings or Sidewalks pathways with Adults or bike to walk along route Amount of traffic along route traffic Speed of school Before or after- activities Time of Driving Convenience 49%35% 7%46% 10% 27% 20%53% 31% 4% 25% 51% 13% 26% 54% 40% 28% 32% 24% 56% 58% 24% 51% 4% 60% 45% 44% 4% 66% 45% 3% 53% 67% 10% 39% 24% 61% 0% 32% 53% 19% 5% 44% 13% 19% 18% 37% 37% 36% 0% 5% 14% 73% 82% 14% 68% 77% 5% 9% 18% 26% 4% 15% 22% 41% 41% 30% 52% 67% 15% 11% 41% 30%33% 3% 11% 7% 17% 4% 65% 11% 76% 37% 29% 41% 52% 22% 41% 59% 33% 14% 17% 7% 27% 22% 22% 24% 3% 8% 11% 37% 53% 21% 50% 39% 8% 18% 24% School School Distance Middle Middle Cornelia Concord Average 37% 6% 19% 20% 51% 58% 16% 49% 58% 9% 18% 32% Highlands Edina High Elementary South View Elementary Valley View Elementary Elementary Elementary Elementary Countryside Normandale Percentages do not total 100% because respondents could select more than one issue. Creek Valley

A-9 Question 11. Would you probably let your child walk or bike to/from school if this problem were changed or improved? along route Amount of traffic along route Speed of traffic Before or after- school activities Time Driving Convenience of Distance 15% 11% 9%15% 6% 7% 18% 15% 9%18% 18% 7% 12% 11% 14% 5% 7%30% 8% 15% 8% 21% 0% 11% 11% 18% 11% 5% 15%41% 15% 15% 8% 5% 13% 11% 18% 0% 55% 9% 22% 5%39% 7% 5% 15% 7% 14% 11% 23% 8% 12% 16% 15% 18% 15% 9% 12%27% 59% 26% 4% 24% 0% 6% 4% 7% 18% 15% 18% 19% 42% 15% 8% 4% 20% 5%21% 22% 24% 9% 16% 41% 4% 10% 7% 10% 17% 3% 14% 7% 11% 14% 22% 11% 2%32% 45% 20% 18% 16% 5% 5% 44% 12% 31% 21% 64% 4% 8% 6% 5% 56% 3% 5% 10% 11% 16% 4% 21% 5% 16% 7% 23% 15% 8% 68% 13% 61% 9% 2% 10% 26% 2% 16% 14% 5% 5% 21% 38% 8% 4% 5% 26% 16% 2% 49% 12% 3% 38% 2% 6% 39% 13% 49% 2% 9% 13% 37% 16% 4% 8% Cornelia Elementary Countryside Elementary Creek Valley Elementary Highlands Elementary Normandale Elementary South View Middle School Valley View Middle School Edina High School Average 25% 12% 9% 10% 19% 8% 18% 16% 7% 16% 16% 7% 45% 7% 7% 48% 8% 6% SchoolConcord Elementary Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe Yes No Maybe forPercentages each issue do not total 100% because not all provided to survey responses participants this question.

A-10 Question 11 (continued). Would you probably let your child walk or bike to/from school if this problem were changed or improved? climate Weather or Crossing guards Violence or crime Safety of crossings intersections and pathways Sidewalks or bike with Adults to walk or 4% 21% 4%5% 42% 16% 6% 7%8% 0% 51% 24% 9% 52% 8% 4% 0% 47% 0% 11% 46% 11% 19% 8% 13% 0% 45% 0% 13% 21% 16% 19% 5% 15% 5% 21% 0% 18% 9% 11% 17% 18% 17% 21% 21% 5% 2% 3% 12% 16% 24% 16% 5% 8% 36% 6% 3%26% 4% 53% 8% 7%32% 5% 8% 30% 4% 62% 0% 3%41% 11% 7% 42% 5% 22% 3% 4% 7% 24%27% 8% 9% 5% 7% 48% 7% 42% 11% 9% 9% 8%39% 7% 11% 12% 20% 68% 14% 5% 63% 5% 7% 5% 0% 9% 21% 11% 63% 5% 8% 11% 7% 10% 26% 9% 77% 7% 37% 5% 2% 0% 0% 6% 18% 63% 7% 11% 10% 5% 11% 7% 5% 2% 27% 7% 15% 9% 7% 16% 39% 13% 20% 5% 19% 11% 5% 41% 9% 4% 27% 9% 17% 11% 12% 18% 15% 14% 15% 9% 20% 23% Valley View Middle School Edina High School Average 23% 12% 5% 49% 7% 5% 52% 6% 4% 24% 12% 6% 17% 14% 8% 19% 13% 9% SchoolConcord Elementary Yes NoCornelia Maybe YesElementary NoCountryside Maybe YesElementary No MaybeCreek Valley Yes NoElementary Maybe YesHighlands NoElementary Maybe YesNormandale No Maybe Elementary South View Middle School forNote: each Percentages issue do not total 100% because not all provided to responses survey participants this question.

A-11 Question 12. In your opinion, how much does your child's school encourage or discourage walking and biking to/from school? Strongly Strongly School Encourages Neither Discourages Encourages Discourages Concord Elementary 6% 38% 48% 3% 0% Cornelia Elementary 0% 15% 59% 4% 0% Countryside Elementary 5% 13% 53% 0% 3% Creek Valley Elementary 26% 59% 11% 0% 0% Highlands Elementary 18% 18% 59% 0% 0% Normandale Elementary 0% 7% 80% 2% 0% South View Middle School 4% 31% 52% 2% 4% Valley View Middle School 0% 5% 84% 7% 0% Edina High School 0% 3% 68% 11% 8% Average 5% 21% 59% 4% 2% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

Question 13. How much fun is walking or biking to/from school for your child? School Very Fun Fun Neutral Boring Very Boring Concord Elementary 38% 29% 14% 3% 2% Cornelia Elementary 22% 22% 7% 0% 0% Countryside Elementary 26% 21% 5% 5% 5% Creek Valley Elementary 41% 37% 15% 0% 0% Highlands Elementary 18% 27% 5% 0% 0% Normandale Elementary 22% 22% 7% 0% 5% South View Middle School 13% 42% 29% 0% 0% Valley View Middle School 7% 28% 35% 7% 5% Edina High School 3% 16% 32% 5% 8% Average 21% 27% 18% 3% 3% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

A-12 Question 14. How healthy is walking or biking to/from school for your child? Very Very School Healthy Neutral Unhealthy Healthy Unhealthy Concord Elementary 64% 26% 6% 0% 0% Cornelia Elementary 48% 19% 4% 0% 0% Countryside Elementary 47% 13% 8% 0% 0% Creek Valley Elementary 67% 22% 7% 0% 0% Highlands Elementary 59% 27% 5% 0% 5% Normandale Elementary 39% 39% 12% 0% 0% South View Middle School 48% 38% 4% 0% 2% Valley View Middle School 49% 32% 16% 0% 0% Edina High School 34% 26% 29% 0% 0% Average 51% 28% 10% 0% 1% Percentages do not total 100% because not all survey participants provided a response to this question.

Question 15. What is the highest grade or year of school you completed? College Grades Grade 12 College Graduate 1-3 years 9-11 or GED 4 years or School Prefer Grades 1-8 (Some School (Some (High more (Master’s not to (Elementary) college or High school (College degree or answer technical School) graduate) graduate) doctorate) school) Concord Elementary 0% 0% 2% 3% 42% 47% 2% Cornelia Elementary 0% 0% 0% 4% 52% 22% 0% Countryside 0% 0% 0% 3% 39% 32% 0% Elementary Creek Valley 4% 0% 0% 0% 67% 26% 0% Elementary Highlands 0% 0% 0% 0% 55% 41% 0% Elementary Normandale 0% 0% 0% 0% 46% 44% 0% Elementary South View Middle 2% 0% 0% 4% 40% 48% 0% School Valley View Middle 4% 0% 0% 5% 39% 42% 5% School Edina High School 3% 0% 0% 0% 32% 50% 5% Average 1% 0% 0% 2% 44% 41% 2%

A-13 Resources 1. National Center for Safe Routes to School, Ongoing Activities guide.saferoutesinfo.org/encouragement/ongoing_activities.cfm

2. Two Day Travel Tally, National Center for Safe Routes to School www.saferoutesinfo.org/program-tools/evaluation-student-class-travel-tally

3. Parent Survey, National Center for Safe Routes to School www.saferoutesinfo.org/program-tools/evaluation-parent-survey

4. Minnesota Department of Transportation Safe Routes to School resources and funding opportunities www.dot.state.mn.us/saferoutes/

5. Minnesota Public Health Law Center legal and liability resources http://publichealthlawcenter.org/topics/active-living/physical-activity-schools/resources

6. Examples of walking and biking curriculums for elementary and middle school students http://www.dot.state.mn.us/saferoutes/toolkit.html/elementary-srts-curriculum.pdf http://www.dot.state.mn.us/saferoutes/toolkit.html/middle-school-bicycle-education.pdf

7. Information and examples of pedestrian and bicycle safety campaigns http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/local_rural/pedcampaign/ http://www.bikesbelong.org/resources/stats-and-research/research/bicycle-safety-campaign- review/

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4YFPMG,IEPXL0E['IRXIV 7YQQMX%ZIRYI 7X4EYP1MRRIWSXE [[[TYFPMGLIEPXLPE[GIRXIVSVK References

1 Hennepin County Human Services and Public Health Department. SHAPE 2010 Adult Data Book, Survey of the Health of All the Population and the Environment, Minneapolis, Minnesota, March 2011.

2 Hennepin County Human Services and Public Health Department. SHAPE 2010 – Child Survey Data Book, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 2011.

3 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Barriers to Children Walking to or from School United States 2004, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, September 30, 2005. 4 Minnesota Crash Mapping Analysis Tool (MnCMAT), Minnesota Department of Transportation.

5 Edina Comprehensive Plan Update 2008. http://edinamn.gov/index.php?section=comprehensive_plan

6 Edina Residential Survey, Decision Resources Ltd., 2013.

7 Crosswalk Marking Field Visibility Study, FHWA, 2010. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/pedbike/10067/

8 An Empirical Bayesian Evaluation of the Safety Effects of High-Visibility School (Yellow) Crosswalks in San Francisco, Fehr & Peers Transportation Consultants, 2009. www.westernite.org/annualmeetings/sanfran10/Papers/Session%207_Papers/ITE%20Paper_7C- Feldman_Manzi.pdf

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