Bridge design at Deutsche Bahn nM. Sc Alkene Murati
DB Rail Academy
15 October 2020Copy-protected Agenda
Chapter 1–DB E&C projects Chapter 2–Phases on planning Chapter 3–Preliminary design (Example) Chapter 4–Draft & approval planning (Example) Chapter 5–Summary Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 2 DB E&C Projects/ Chapter 1
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 3 Bridges
Aurachtalbrücke, Route Würzburg Nürnberg
Göltzschtalviadukt largest brick bridge in the world Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 4 Bridges
Replacement construction S-Bahn-Brücke Julius-Leber-Straße
ReplacementCopy-protected construction for viaduct in Ottendorf
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 5 Bridges
Bridge insertion of Karower Kreuz Deutschland, Berlin
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 6 Railway stations
RegioTram Kassel, Nordhessischer Verkehrsverbund (NVV)
RegionalCopy-protected train in the Berlin train station
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 7 Railway stations
Chalice supports for the roof structure of the Stuttgart 21 underground station Germany, Stuttgart
Chalice supports for the roof structure of the Stuttgart 21 underground station Germany, Stuttgart Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 8 Phases on planning/ Chapter 2
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 9 Elements of a bridge
Bridge is a structure that provides passages over obstacles such as water, valley or road.
Copy-protectedSource: Google
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 10 Clasification of bridges
Type of superstructure
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 11 Phases on planning
The HOAI and procedure based on the fee structure
This regulation governs the calculation of fees for basic services provided by architects and engineers (contractors) based in Germany, as far as these basic services are listed in this regulation and performed within the country.
Part 1: General Guidelines Part 2: Area Planning Section 1: Land-use Planning Section 2: Landscape Planning Part 3: Project planning Section 1: Buildings and Interiors Section 2: Open Air Facilities Section 3: Civil Engineering Structures Section 4: Traffic/Transportation Installations/Facilities Part 4: Specialist Planning Section 1: Structural Planning Section 2: Technical Equipment Part 5: Transition and Final Provisions Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 12 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
1. Basic evaluation
2. Assisting with the preliminary planning
3. Assisting with the draft planning
4. Assisting with the approval planning
5. Assisting with the execution planning
6. Assisting with the preparation of the tender
7. Assisting with the tendering/awarding process
8. Project monitoring and documentation 9.Copy-protected Project supervision
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 13 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 1: Basic evaluation
a) Clarifying the task due to the guidelines and requirement planning of the client
b) Determining the framework planning conditions as well as consultation pertaining to the entire service requirements
c) Formulation of decision support for the selection of other specialists involved with the planning
d) for projects according to § 41, numbers 6 and 7 that require a structural planning: Clarifying the task, also in the field of structural planning
e) Site visits
f) Summarizing, explaining and documenting the results
– Selection and inspection of similar projects *Feasibility study
Defined TASK (request from the Client)
Plans of the existing bridge Copy-protected(or other structure)
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 14 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Assisting with the preliminary planning (project and planning preparation) a) Analyzing the basics b) Adapting the objectives to the public law constraints as well as the plans of third parties c) Examination of possible solutions and their impacts on architectural and structural design, practicality economic efficiency, taking environmental compatibility into account d) Acquisition and evaluation of official maps e) Development of a planning concept f) Clarifying and explaining the essential subject-specific contexts, processes and conditions g) Pre-coordinating with authorities and other specialist involved with the planning concerning the project's capability of being approved, possibly assisting with negotiations concerning the funding and cost-sharing h) Revision of the planning concept after concerns and suggestions i) Cost estimation, comparison with the financial framework conditions j) Summarizing, explaining and documenting the results
– Preparation of comparative calculations for multiple possible solutions under different project conditions – Preparation of a load plan, for example as a basis for the subsoil evaluation and the foundation consultation – Preliminary verifiable calculation of essential supporting parts – Preliminary verifiableCopy-protected calculation of the foundation
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 15 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
Copy-protectedSource: Google Maps
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 16 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
West - View
East - View
West - View Copy-protected West - View
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 17 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
Longitudinal Section
Cross-section
Top view Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 18 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
Identification of alternatives (Variants)
Copy-protectedTop view
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 19 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee 1st Alternative - RC Frame
Advantages Disadvantages ▪ good noise protection ▪ architecturally unsuitable in comparison to ▪ improved street used width, since no nearby bridge structures middle piers ▪ use of a temporary bypass with auxiliary ▪ less maintenance costs (integral bridge: bridge maintaining road traffic, temporary no bearings, no joints) full closures for dismantling Copy-protected▪ blocking of one route per construction phase, one track would always be temporarily moved using a bypass
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 20 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE 2nd Alternative – composite precast girders EÜ Harburger Chaussee
Advantages Disadvantages ▪ good noise protection ▪ use of a temporary bypass with auxiliary bridge ▪ architecturally appealing solution, maintaining road traffic, temporary full closures for matching the overall concept dismantling ▪ improved street used width, since no ▪ blocking of one route per construction phase middle piers ▪ reduction of the clear height at the edge of the road ▪ less maintenance costs (integral bridge: ▪ renewal of corrosion protection (20-25 years) no bearings, no joints)Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 21 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee 3rd Alternative - support grid
Advantages Disadvantages ▪ good noise protection ▪ use of a temporary bypass with auxiliary bridge ▪ optimal harmony with the neighboring maintaining road traffic, temporary full closures for steel trough bridge of the S-Bahn. dismantling ▪ improved street used width, since no ▪ renewal of corrosion protection (20-25 years) middle piers ▪ maintenance costs for bearings and joints ▪ possibility to replaceCopy-protected superstructure alone (since with bearings)
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 22 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
2nd Alternative 1st Alternative 3rd Alternative 4th Alternative Criterias composite precast girders, Frame bridge, deep foundation support grid, deep foundation trough bridge, deep foundation deep foundation
Sketch
Track position and Gradient + - + --
Visuality -- + ++ ++
Noise protection (barrier) + + + +
Influence of the structure on the road ++ - ++ ++ cross-section
Construction time / -- - ++ ++ construction method
Influence on railway operations over - - 0 0 time
logistics - - + + costs were not calculated for this Manufacturing costs + 0 - alternative Maintenance costs ++ + - --
Result - --
Copy-protectedPhase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 23 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 2: Preliminary planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Harburger Chaussee
Our decision
DECISION: ▪ economical alternative ▪ route closure ▪ construction technology ▪ planning following guidelines (’’avoid’’ in-house approvals) etc.
Client’s decision Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 24 Planning principles
Criteria within the framework of a bridge design:
▪ Design/Aesthetic requirements
▪ Functional requirements
▪ Structural analysis and design of the structure, Manufacturing
▪ Economy and sustainability
▪ Environmental sustainability Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 25 Guidelines
Richtline 836 Richtline 804 Richtline 805 752 Pages Richtline 813 752 Pages 176 Pages 929 Pages
Copy-protected… and many others ! ☺
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 26 Which bridge do you like most?
1. Göltzschtalbrücke 2. Alte Harburger Elbbrücke 3. Scherkondetalbrücke
Source: Google Source: Google Source: Google Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 27 Which bridge do you like most?
1. Göltzschtalbrücke Height 78 m, 4 Floors mit 98 Archs 574 m mit 29 Opennings, Length biggest Span of an 30,9 m •At construction: 7,70 m •from1930: 9 m Superstructure •since 1970: 9,30 m Width •since 2011: 11,92 m fourth Arch (floor) 7,93 m below 23 m, 76 transverse archs Number of bricks 26.021.000 Sand consumption 17.089 m³ Brick masonry 71.671 m³ (52 %) Volume of Ashlar masonry 48.261 m³ (36 %) the Quarry stone 15.745 m³ (12 %) masonry masonry Total 135.676 m³ ca. 2,2 Millionen Taler Construction costs Copy-protected(ca. 36 Mio €)
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 28 Which bridge do you like most?
Overpass Hannoversche Straße/Georg-Wilhelm-Straße 2. Alte Harburger Elbbrücke Crossing of Süderelbe Place Hamburg-Harburg und Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg Konstruktion Steel arch bridge Total length 474 m Start of construction 1897 (Gustavsburg )
Openning 1899 (by Kaiser Wilhelm II)
The steel arch bridge, built for road traffic at the time, spans the Süderelbe with four arches in iron construction, The Old Harburg Elbe Bridge is a steel arch each 102 m wide. The portals are made of sandstone and bridge that connects the Hamburg districts of bear the coats of arms of the Harburg and Wilhelmsburg Harburg and Wilhelmsburg across the districts connected by the bridge. Today the bridge is only Süderelbe. used by pedestrians and cyclists (working group) Originally, the paths for pedestrians and cyclists ran along the outside of the bridge, but they were dismantled in the course of a thorough renovation between 1980 and 1995. The former course of the tram tracks can still be seen in the Copy-protectedpaving at the south portal.
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 29 Which bridge do you like most?
3. Scherkondetalbrücke double-track semi-integral viaduct, prestressed concrete Bridge over Scherkonde Valley – the First Large Overpass High-speed line from Semi‐Integral Bridge on High‐Speed Railway Route Nuremberg to Erfurt Erfurt – Leipzig/Halle Underpass Scherkonde Bored piles with a length of up to 19 m are available as foundations. The superstructure of the Place Krautheim Scherkondetal Bridge is a haunched prestressed Structure Frame bridge concrete slab beam with a full cross-section, which is monolithically connected to 11 of the 13 Total length 576,5 m columns. This enables a slimmer superstructure Span 27,0 m and slimmer pillars, and maintenance of the 2 x 36,50 m Deutschen Brückenbaupreis* (2012) bearings is no longer necessary. 10 x 44,0 m "An aesthetically innovative structure However, the superstructure can no longer be 36,50 m and a milestone in modern railway exchanged. bridge construction" Construction height 2,94m (field) 4,44m (support) Height 34 m Start of construction 2008 Openning 2011
Copy-protectedSource: Google
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 30 Draft & approval planning/ Chapter 4
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 31 Draft & Approval planning
Phase 3: Draft planning
a) Elaboration of a draft based on the preplanning through graphic representations of the required extant and level of detailed considering all subject-specific requirements b) Explanation report c) Subject-specific calculations, excluding calculations from other service profiles d) Determination of eligible costs, assisting with the preparation of the financing plan as well as preparation of the financing applications e) Assisting with the explanation of the preliminary design to third parties at up to 3 appointments, revision of the preliminary draft based on concerns and suggestions f) Pre-coordinating the project's capability of approval with authorities and other specialists involved with the planning g) Cost calculation including the associated quantity determination, comparison of the cost calculation with the cost estimate h) Approximate determination of the dimensions of engineering structures i) Determination of noise emissions from the traffic or transportation facility according to table values; determination of the required sound protection measures of the traffic or transportation facility, possibly incorporating the results of detailed acoustic studies and determination of the need for noise control measures at affected buildings j) Computational definition of the project k) Determination of the essential construction phases under consideration of the traffic management and the maintenance of traffic operations during the construction time l) Construction time and cost plan
– updating the cost-benefit studies – detailed signal-technical calculations – assisting with administrative arrangements – providing proof for the compelling reasons of overriding public interest for the necessity of the measure (e.g. area and species protection accordingCopy-protected to directives on the conservation of natural habitats and wild flora and fauna ) –cost calculations
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 32 Draft & Approval planning
Phase 3: Approval planning
a) Developing and compiling the documents for the required public procedures or approval procedures including applications for exceptions and exemptions, preparation of the building directory using the contributions made by other specialists involved with the planning b) Creation of a property acquisition plan and the property directory using the contributions made by other specialists involved in the planning c) Completing and adapting the planning documents, descriptions and calculations using the contributions made by other specialists involved with the planning d) Coordinating with the authorities e) Assisting with the approval process including the attending of explanatory appointments or hearings f) Assisting with the drafting of responses to concerns and suggestions
– Assisting with the procurement of consent from affected parties Copy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 33 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 3: Draft planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Seebaldsbrücke Heerstraße
Top ViewCopy-protected
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 34 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 3: Draft planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Seebaldsbrücke Heerstraße
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 35 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 3: Draft planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Seebaldsbrücke Heerstraße
Construction technology: Phase 0 & Phase 1.1 - establish building clearance - cable relocation - build access roads and ramps - building site facilities - move Interim masts (OL – Overhead line), adjust LST (the control and safety systems) with little partialCopy-protected closure (max.8h during night)
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 36 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 3: Draft planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Seebaldsbrücke Heerstraße
Construction technology: Phase 1.2 - Preparation of the superstructure close to the existing bridge - construction of pit sheeting for abutments - bringing of longitudinal track shoring - construction of piles for abutment foundations in the area of the auxiliary bridge - installation of auxiliaryCopy-protected bridges (under full track closure for 8 hours)
DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 37 Static Analyse
Structural design - Usual softwares Sofistik, RIB, Infograph, Dlubal etc
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 38 Static Analyse
Railroad overpass in Bremen (Germany) Frame bridge ▪ Span: 12,60 m ▪ Total length: 66,25 m ▪ Light height: 6,03 m ▪ Light width: 11,60 m ▪ Constr. height: 0,80 m ▪ Crossing angle: 18,05 gon
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 39 Phases on ’’Structural planning ’’
Phase 4: Approval planning - EXAMPLE EÜ Seebaldsbrücke Heerstraße
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DB Rail Academy | Bridge Design at Deutsche Bahn | Alkene Murati | 15.10.2020 40 Thank you so much for your attention! Copy-protected Copy-protected