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The Tory of the Tockholm Ater Prize Laureate the tory of the tockholm ater prize laureate S I W I, SIWI Drottninggatan 33, e-111 51 S, Se P + 0 • Fa + 1 • [email protected] • www.siwi.org Copyright © 2010, Stockholm International Water Institute, SIWI ISBN: 91-974183-9-0 Editors: Gunnel Sundbom and Per-Arne Malmqvist Text: Peter Hanneberg, David Trouba and Alex Kirby Production: Britt-Louise Andersson Design: Quadrata, Stockholm Printing by Litografia Alfaprint, Sundbyberg, Sweden. The printing process has been certified according to the Nordic Swan label for environmental quality. For electronic versions of this and other SIWI publications, visit www.siwi.org. Cover photo: SIWI The Story of the Stockholm Water Prize Laureates Photo: Peter Hanneberg 2 Photo: Exray The Stockholm Water Prize First awarded in 1991 and now celebrating its 20th An international nominating committee appointed anniversary, the Stockholm Water Prize is the world’s by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is respon- most prestigious prize for outstanding achievements sible for reviewing the nominations and proposing in water-related activities. The annual prize, which a candidate to the Stockholm Water Foundation includes a usd 150,000 award and a crystal sculpture Board, which makes the final decision. The Found- specially designed and made by Orrefors, honours ers of the Stockholm Water Prize are Swedish and individuals, institutions and organisations whose international companies and organisations in co- work contributes broadly to the conservation and operation with the City of Stockholm. The Stock- protection of water resources and to improved health holm International Water Institute administers the for the planet’s inhabitants and ecosystems. activities of the Stockholm Water Prize. His Majesty King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, Over the years the Stockholm Water Prize Laure- who is well-known for his interest in and concern for ates have represented many water-related activities, environmental issues, is the Patron of the Stockholm professions and scientific disciplines and have come Water Prize. It is announced each March in connec- from around the world. The combined achievements tion with the UN World Water Day and presented of the Prize Laureates are immense, as is their impor- during the World Water Week in Stockholm at a tance for future generations. Royal Prize Ceremony followed by a banquet in the Stockholm City Hall. This is their story. 3 Photo: Sara Moses Photo: Peter Hanneberg David Schindler of Edmonton, Canada, has been fortunate in having the spectacular wilderness of the Canadian Rockies as the setting for his field research. 4 1991 – David W. Schindler, Canada “For research into excess nitrification and acidification of freshwater lakes.” A spectacular North American wilderness forms the tation in lakes, as well as promoting blooms of blue- backdrop to a canoeist on a Canadian Rocky Moun- green algae. tains lake. This extremely beautiful part of Canada A famous photograph of a Canadian lake drew at- enjoys protection by a vast national park system that tention to the effects of phosphorus and played an im- draws millions of visitors every summer. The nature- portant part in generating public support for tackling loving man in the canoe is no doubt enjoying the the growing problem of eutrophication, a n over-abun- beautiful scenery around him, and yet he has not dance of nutrients in aquatic systems and one of the come to Jasper National Park as a tourist. most serious environmental threats facing freshwater David W. Schindler, a professor of ecology based bodies and semi-enclosed seas like the Baltic. That at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, loads sam- photograph has since been reproduced hundreds of ples of aquatic organisms into his canoe with the times, for students, scientists and the general public. help of a bag-net. Another instrument chews into the clay sediment, bringing it up to the surface, Graphic evidence of pollution’s effects while in a plastic bottle he collects water from differ- Equally important was the research that showed ent depths in the lake. that the effects of acidification can work their way Professor Schindler’s field samples provide him with through the food chain, and once again photo- data about the abundance of certain species, biological graphic documentation was a crucial factor in shap- diversity, levels of acidity, and concentrations of nutri- ing public opinion. Many of the results of the project ents, toxic trace metals and chlorinated organic com- have proved to be highly relevant in the context of pounds, just a few of the variables he wishes to study. sustainable development worldwide. David Schindler has been doing field research of Since Professor Schindler received his Prize in 1991, this kind in the mountain lakes and watersheds of he has initiated new programmes to study the fates Canada for more than three decades. It all began and effects of organic pollutants and climate warming back in 1968, when he set up the Experimental Lakes in mountain and boreal lakes. Schindler has received Project for Canada’s Department of Fisheries and a number of additional awards for his work. Oceans in Ontario. He headed the research carried In 1998, he and Professor Malin Falkenmark shared out under the auspices of this project until 1989. As the Volvo Environment Prize; in particular, he was a limnologist and ecologist, his aim was not to study cited for his “insights in the processes of eutrophica- individual parameters in isolation, but all of them tion and acidification of freshwater and of ways to simultaneously, in order to construct an image of the counteract these processes”. entire lake as an integrated ecosystem. Professor Schindler has also received the Gerhard Herzberg Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, Learning the lessons of the mountain lakes Canada’s highest scientific honour, and he has been Professor Schindler’s results, particularly from the elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, late 1970s and early 1980s, were to be instrumental the Royal Society of London, and the Royal Swed- in persuading regulators in the United States and ish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Canada to introduce stricter controls on phosphates His current research interests include the study and acidifying pollutants such as sulphur dioxide. of fisheries management in mountain lakes, the bi- Measurements of eutrophication levels showed quite omagnification of organochlorines in food chains, clearly that atmospheric nitrogen and carbon have effects of climate change anduv radiation on lakes, important effects in maintaining phosphorus limi- and global carbon and nitrogen budgets. 5 Photo: Ingrid Landahl Photo: Institute of Env. & Research Photo: John Nyberg Taking over after the late Poul Harremoës (left), Professor Mogens Henze (right) is the leader of the Depart- ment of Environmental Engineering, today one of the leading and largest environmental engineering university institutes in Europe. 6 1992 – Department of Environmental Engineering at the Technical University of Denmark “For research within water purification, contaminated groundwater and tools and techniques to protect it.” In August 1992, the Prize ceremony in Stockholm The results generated technologies that are now be- was attended by a substantial proportion of the staff ing used in wastewater plants all over the world. By of the Department of Environmental Engineering at the time the department was awarded the Stock- the Technical University of Denmark. Its head since holm Water Prize, some five hundred new treatment 1969, Professor Poul Harremoës (1934 – 2003), re- plants had been planned for Scandinavia up to the ceived the Prize on the department’s behalf. year 2000, combining processes to remove both The successes of this department in its various phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater. areas of work stemmed from a collective effort, The research carried out on metals in wastewater underpinned by a climate of creativity. In 1969 the sludge showed sludge to be a minor contributor of department had a staff of one. By 1992 the number metals to agricultural land, compared with the much had risen to 50, and the Prize acknowledged that the larger inputs from fertilisers and the atmosphere. department’s achievements were the fruits of con- The department was at the forefront in enhanc- structive and far-reaching collaboration among a ing our understanding of the need for an integrated group of individuals working towards the same goal approach to the total system: sewerage, wastewater – under the influence of an inspiring leader, Poul treatment and receiving waters. Harremoës. Those achievements encompassed several differ- Winners on every count ent fields of water treatment. What distinguished the To summarise the citation for the award, the de- Department of Environmental Engineering was the partment received the Prize for its research and de- depth of its research in all these different fields. Math- velopment programme, its scientific approach, its ematical models were developed and applied all over international collaboration with the water industry the world. In addition, considerable effort was put into in search of practical applications, and its contribu- teaching and training a new generation of experts. tions to water pollution abatement, in Scandinavia and worldwide. Worldwide benefits won by The Department of Environmental Engineer- determined pioneers ing, now headed by Professor Mogens Henze, is The department contributed significantly to our one of the leading and largest environmental engi- understanding of pollutants in groundwater and to neering university institutes in Europe, with a staff the development of tools to safeguard this vital re- of 25 professors and senior lecturers, 15 part-time source. Abatement of pollution from urban storm lecturers, five visiting researchers and 55 phd stu- drainage and combined sewer overflows was also dents. Significant new activities begun at the In- high on its list of priorities. Fundamental theories stitute since 1992 are in solid waste management, were developed concerning nitrogen removal proc- groundwater geochemistry, ecotoxicology and re- esses in activated sludge and wastewater.
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